外研版中职英语基础模块一 Unit 3 Sports Are Good for You

外研版中职英语基础模块一 Unit 3 Sports Are Good for You 话 题 导 读 I go swimming every week. What do you usually do after school? I usually play badminton with my roommates. Getting regular exercise can help you stay focused when studying. 知 识 要 点 重点单词 fitness n.健康 jogging n.慢跑 refreshed adj.神清气爽的 quit v.停止做……;离开 recently adv.最近;不久前 trend n.趋势;动向 celebrate v.庆祝 encourage v.鼓励 strengthen v.(使)变强;加强 beyond adv.&prep.超出(某个数量、水平或限度) annual adj.一年一度的;每年的 elderly adj.年老的 gym n.体育馆;健身房 various adj.各种各样的 event n.活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等) suit v.适合 breathe v.呼吸 upset adj.不快的;烦恼的 diet n.日常饮食;节食 indoor adj.室内的;户内的 plank n.平板支撑 outdoor adj.室外的;户外的 goal n. 目标 ankle n.脚踝 tight adj.紧的 jeans n.牛仔裤 stretch v.伸展 immediately adv.立刻 need v.需要 harm v.伤害 competition n.竞赛;比赛 energy n.力量;能源 strength n.力量;长处 fairness n.公平 grace n.文雅;高雅 teamwork n.团队合作 重点词组 go swimming 去游泳 play table tennis 打乒乓球 do Tai Chi 打太极拳 go jogging慢跑 go dancing 去跳舞 play video games 玩电子游戏 be good at 擅长 by the way 顺便地;顺便说一句 on campus 在校园里 two or three times a week 一周两到三次 be busy with 忙于…… set up 建立 the elderly 老年人 take part in/join in 参加;参与 get together 聚在一起 do physical exercise 做体育锻炼 such as 例如 be part of 成为………一部分;参与 both…and……两者都…… take part in 参加 try out 尝试;测验;选拔 be good for 对……有好处 leave behind 留下; 把······抛在后面 mobile phone 移动电话;手机 in the eyes of 在······的眼中;在······看来 couch potato 沙发土豆(爱看电视、 不运动的人) be upset about 对……感到沮丧 go on a diet 节食; 用规定食谱 soft drink 软饮料(指不含酒精的饮料) brisk walk 快步走 give tips on 给出关于………的提示 as to 至于;谈到…… a pair of 一双;一副 sports shoes 运动鞋 for example 例如 too much 太多 have a cold 感冒 give up 放弃 Olympic Games 奥运会 build up 建立;塑造 重点句型 What do you usually do after school? 你经常在放学后做什么? Getting regular exercise can help you stay focused when studying. 经常锻炼可以帮助你在学习时保持注意力集中。 You're sure to find some sports that suit you.你一定会找到适合你的运动。 While enjoying the fun of exercising, you will also discover how regular exercise is good for your mind and your body. 当你享受运动带给你的乐趣时，你也会发现定期运动对你的大脑和身体都有好处。 What do you think of it? 你认为它怎么样? In this first class, I'd like to give you some tips on sports. 在第一节课上，我想给大家一些关于运动的建议。 While exercising, stop whenever you feel unwell.运动的时候,一旦感觉到不舒服就停止。 重点语法 动名词；定语从句 第 一 课 时 课程学习目标 1.能够听、说、读、写常见的体育运动的英语名称； 2.能够从录音材料中抓取关键词、关键信息； 3.复习用一般现在时表示日常生活习惯的简单句型，能够掌握常用频度副词的用法。 知识精析 重点单词 1.go v.走;离开;进行;去做 用于表示“去从事某种活动”时，常用go+v.-ing的形式。 搭配| go boating 去划船 go climbing 去爬山 go swimming 去游泳 go dancing 去跳舞 2. play v.玩耍;游戏;演奏;担任 play video games 打电子游戏 play basketball 打篮球 play the piano 弹钢琴 注意|接表示球类运动的名词时，其前不加the；接表示乐器的名词时，其前要加the。 3. quit v.停止做;离开 第三人称单数: quits 现在分词:quitting 过去式: quitted/quit 过去分词:quitted/quit We decided it was time to quit the city.当时我们决定,该离开城市生活了。 If I don't get more money, I'll quit.不给我加薪我就辞职。 搭配|quit doing sth.停止做某事 I've quitted smoking since last year.从去年起我就已经戒了烟。 重点词组 1. by the way 顺便提及 By the way, where did you go yesterday? 顺便问一下,你昨天去哪儿了? 2. be good at 擅长⋯⋯,后面跟名词、代词或动名词。 He is good at English.他擅长英语。 I am good at telling stories. 我擅长讲故事。 Tom is good at basketball.=Tom is good at playing basketball. 汤姆擅长打篮球。 拓展|同义词 do well in。 Jack is good at swimming.=Jack does well in swimming. 杰克擅长游泳。 3. two or three times a week 一周两到三次 这是一个表示频度的短语，其他常见的表示频度的副词(短语)还有很多，如： always 总是 usually 通常 often 经常 sometimes 有时 seldom 很少;几乎不 never 决不,从不 once a week 一周一次 twice a month 一个月两次 It is usually hot in summer.夏天天气通常是热的。 I always go to school at 7 o’ clock in the morning.我一直早上7 点去上学。 注意|提问频度副词(短语)时,用how often。 ——How often do you play badminton? 你多久打一次羽毛球? ——Twice a week.一周两次。 4. be busy with 忙于……, with 后跟名词或代词。 They are busy with their homework.他们正忙于做作业。 Some of the students are always busy with video games.有些学生总是忙于打游戏。 拓展 be busy doing忙于做……,后面的动词用动名词形式。 They are busy doing their homework.他们正忙于做作业。 重点句型 1. What do you usually do after school? 你经常在放学后做什么? 句型: What do you usually do+具体时间? 意为“在某个时间你经常做什么?”。 ——What do you usually do on weekends? 周末你经常做什么? ——I usually go swimming with my friends.我经常和我的朋友们一起去游泳。 2. Getting regular exercise can help you stay focused when studying. 经常锻炼可以帮助你在学习时保持注意力集中。 (1)本句中 Getting regular exercise 作句子的主语,是动名词短语作主语的用法。 Not finishing school can affect your whole life.未完成学业会影响你的一生。 注意|动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。 Climbing mountains is really fun.爬山真的很有趣。 Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring. 在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。 (2) when studying 是 when 引导的省略句。 When in Rome, do as the Roman s do.=When you are in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。 She always felt depressed when alone.=She always felt depressed when she was alone,当她一个人的时候，她总是感到很沮丧。 (3) stay focused 专注;集中精力 I have to stay focused on my job.我必须集中精力做我的工作。 典例 剖 析 例1 —How often do you go to a concert? — , I'm not interested in that at all. A. Usually B. Almost C. Never D. Always 解析|How often 是对频率进行提问，根据答语后半句的句意“我对它一点儿都不感兴趣”可知,应选 never。 |答案|C 例2 They are trying to quit computer games. A. playing B. plays C. played D. to play [解析]quit doing sth.是固定用法。 【答案】 A 例3 —What do you usually do on rainy days? A. Good idea B. There is a lot of rain C. I usually watch TV D. Have a good time 解析根据问句句意“下雨天你经常干什么?”可知答案。 【答案】C 课后提 升 一、单词辨音 ( )1. A. face B. pen C. refreshed D. expect ( )2. A. fitness B. life C. like D. bike ( )3. A. popular B. mobile C. concert D. model ( )4. A. health B. harm C. house D. hour ( )5. A. sports B. world C. teamwork D. word 二、单项选择 ( )1. Lucy likes playing piano while Tom likes playing basketball. A. a; an B. the; the C. the;/ D./; the （）2. My brother Sam doesn't like sports. He plays sports with friends. A. often B. usually C. never D. always ( )3. Sometimes Alice a walk with her parents after supper. A. takes B. take C. to take D. is taking ( )4. Joe is good at chess. A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing ( )5.— , what does your brother do now? —He is making a study of Africa. A. In the way B. Bythe way C. On the way D. To the way 三、交际应用 A: 1 B: I usually do the washing and meet friends. A: What do you usually do with your friends? B: 2 but we're going dancing this Sunday.3 A: Thank you, 4 I plan to watch the pop show. B: That sounds good.5 A: Thank you! A. Would you like to join us? B. We usually go to the cinema, C. but I'm afraid I'm not good at dancing. D. Have a good time! E. What do you usually do on weekends? F. That's all right. G. Here you are. 1. 2.3.4.5. 四、阅读理解 Do you know there are two kinds of football games? One is American football, the other is soccer. In China, many young men like playing soccer. It is very popular. But the Chinese don't call it soccer. We call it football. There are eleven players in a team. And the ball is round. Only the goalkeeper can play the ball with his hands. The other players can't play the ball with their hands. In the USA, soccer is not very popular. They like playing American football more than playing soccer. There are also eleven players in a team. The ball is not round. It is oval-shaped. All the players can play the ball with their hands and feet. And the goal is bigger than the goal of soccer games. American football is quite different from soccer. ( )1. How many kinds of football games are there in the world? A. Only one. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. ( )2. What do the Chinese call soccer? A. Soccer. B. Basketball. C. Football. D. Volleyball. ( )3. There are players in a soccer team. A. ten B. eleven C. twelve D. thirteen ( )4. The goal of American football is than that of soccer. A. higher B. smaller C. bigger D. lower ( )5. Which is NOT right? A. In the USA, soccer is very popular. B. American football is different from soccer. C. In the soccer games, only the goalkeepers can play with their hands. D. You can use your hands and feet to play American football. 第 二 课 时 课程学习目标 1.通过阅读，抓住文章的关键信息； 2.了解定语从句； 3.会用英语制作一份健身计划。 重点单词 1. celebrate v. 庆祝 【搭配】celebrate…with 用……来庆祝 Mike celebrated his 9th birthday with a cake at home last Sunday. 迈克上周用蛋糕庆祝了他的9岁生日。 2. encourage v.鼓励 搭配| encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做…… The teacher always encourages us to study hard.老师总是鼓励我们要努力学习。 3. strengthen v.(使)变强;加强 strengthen education 加强教育 strengthen communication 加强沟通交流 Getting regular exercise can strengthen our bodies. 经常锻炼可以强健我们的身体。 His visit will strengthen ties between the two countries.他的来访将会增进两国之间的关系。 拓展 strength n.力量;实力 4. various adj.各种各样的;多方面的 He decided to leave this city for various reasons. 由于各种各样的原因,他决定离开这个城市。 There are various ways of solving the problem.解决这一问题的方法有很多。 5. goal n.目标;目的 They reached the goal of their journey.他们到达了旅程的终点。 My goal in life is to be a doctor.我人生的目标就是成为一名医生。 You’d better set a goal before you start.开始前,你最好设定一个目标。 拓展|goal还可意为“球门；得分”。 He kicked the ball into the goal.他一脚把球踢进了球门。 The last goal was wonderful. 最后那次进球得分真是精彩极了。 重点词组 1. the elderly 老年人 the+adj.可以用来表示某一类人。 the young 年轻人 the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 We should respect the elderly.我们应该尊敬老年人。 They provided food and shelter for the poor.他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。 2. both…and… 两者都…… You’ ve given both your uncle and me a lot of trouble. 你给了你叔叔和我很多麻烦。 Sophia was both happy and sorry to see her.索菲娅看到她既高兴又难过。 The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.这位秘书不但能讲而且能写西班牙语。 注意 both……and 连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，不受“就近原则”的限制。 Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 Both he and his brother are good at swimming.他和他的兄弟都擅长游泳。 3. take part in/join in 参加,加入(活动) I hope all of you can join in the basketball game.我希望你们所有人都参加篮球比赛。 He was ill, so he didn't take part in the picnic. 他病了,所以没参加这次野餐。 注意|加入团体、党派用join。 4. be good for 对……有好处 Doing some regular exercise is good for your mind and your body. 经常运动对你的大脑和身体都有好处。 The medicine is good for stomach.这个药对胃有好处。 辨析 be good at, be good with 与 be good to be good at 擅长;be good with 和⋯⋯相处得好;be good to sb.对某人态度好/友善 John is good at photography. 约翰擅长摄影。 The teacher is good with pupils.这个老师跟这些小学生相处得很好。 My grandmother is always good to me.我的祖母很疼我。 重点句型 1. You’re sure to find some sports that sui t you. 你一定会找到适合你的运动。 本句是含有定语从句的复合句, that suit you是定语从句,修饰限定前面的sports, sports 是先行词, that是引导词。 2. While enjoying the fun of exercising, you will also discover how regular exercise is good for your mind and your body. 当你享受运动带给你的乐趣时，你也会发现定期运动对你的大脑和身体都有好处。 (1) while 当……的时候(不能用来表示一个时间点)； 然而 While the discussion was still going on, George came in. 当讨论还在进行的时候，乔治进来了、 There is plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northeast. 东南部雨量充足，而东北部则很少下雨。 (2) While enjoying the fun of exercising 充当句子的时间状语,是一个省略句,相当于 While you are enjoying the fun of exercising。 (3) you will also discover how regular exercise is good for your mind and your body 是含有宾语从句的复合句。how regular exercise is good for your mind and your body 充当谓语动词discover的宾语,用来说明discover的内容。 3. What do you think of it? 你认为它怎么样? 句型:What do you think of…? 意为“你认为……怎么样?”,这个句型用来询问对方对某事或某物的看法,相当于 How do you like/find……? —What do you think of the food here?—How do you like the food here? 你觉得这里吃得怎么样? —Great./Not bad.很好。/还行。 典 例 剖 析 例1 Doing regular exercise your mind and your body. A. are good for B. is good for C. is good at D. are good at 1解析】 根据句意“经常运动对你的大脑、身体有好处。”可知应选 be good for。动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 【答案】B 例2 my father I are teachers. A. Both; and B. Not; but C. Either; or D. Both; or 【解析】both…and两者都………;either…or或者……或者………(两者中的一个);not…but不是………而是……。both…and连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； either…or 连接名词或代词作主语时，遵循“就近原则”；not…but连接名词或代词作主语时, 遵循“就近原则”。根据句中的 are teachers 可知只有 both…and 正确。 答案□ A 例3 ———What do you think of Tai Chi? A. Never mind B. Interesting C. Thanks D. It doesn't matter 【解析】 What do you think of…? 你认为………怎么样? 提问对某事、某物的看法,因此选B。 【答案】 B 课 后 提升 一、单词辨音 ( )1. A. ankle B. manager C. grace D. apple ( )2. A. rush B. annual C. up D. such ( )3. A. immediately B. badminton C. life D. give ( )4. A. warm B. part C. harm D. garden ( )5. A. hair B. harm C. helpful D. honor 二、单项选择 ( )1. They many tents(帐篷) for tourists. A. set off B. set up C. set aside D. set out ( )2. Getting regular exercise can our bodies. A. harm B. harmful C. strengthened D. strengthen ( )3. Her parents her read more books when she was young. A. encourages; to B. encouraged; to C. encourages; / D. encouraged; / ( )4. Please call for me when you go. Don't . A. leave me behind B. leaves my behind C. leaved my behind D. leaving me behind ( )5.—What do you think of the movie? — . I want to watch it again. A. Good idea B. I think so C. I love it D. Thanks a lot 三、交际应用 A:1 , Tom? B: Sometimes I watch TV and sometimes I play computer games.2 A: I often do some reading.3 B: Because I think it's interesting. A: No, 4 If you play computer games too long, you will find it hard to get up in the morning. B: Yes, sometimes I'm late for school. A: So, you’ d better give up the bad habit. B: Well, I will have a try. You know it is not an easy thing. A:5 I will help you. B: Thank you! A. I don't think so. B. What do you usually do in the evening? C. Try your best. D. Why are you so interested in computer games? E. What about you? F. I miss you. G. How old are you? 1. 2. 3.4. 5. 四、阅读理解 Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it's good for us. It keeps body strong. When the daytime comes, we must get up. It is the best time for exercise. Exercise means doing things with the body. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim,skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways: You have to like what you're doing. Exercise enough, but not too much. It's good to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or three sports that sui t you. Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center, or they can play sports together in the open air. How do you exercise? ( )1. In the passage the writer tells us that we all need to A. drink B. relax C. exercise D. work ( )2. Which of the following sports can't we find in the passage? A. Fishing. B. Running. C. Swimming. D. Walking. ( )3. What does exercise mean? A. It means doing things with the body. B. It means studying. C. It means doing lessons. D. It means playing. ( )4. It is enough for us to exercise . A. once a week B. twice a week C. 30 minutes a month D. twice a month ()5. The underlined words “fitness center” in the text mean “ ” in Chinese. A.减肥中心 B.健身中心 C.购物中心 D.医疗中心 第 三 课 时 课程学习目标 1.能够用英语表达运动时需要注意的事项； 2.能够用相关的词组和句型表达运动给我们带来的好处、收获。 知识 精 析 重点单词 1.need意为“必须；必要；需要”，既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词。 (1)用作情态动词时，无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，否定形式为 needn't。 You need finish your homework before you go out. 你出去之前必须先完成你的作业。 You needn't call him.你不必给他打电话。 —Need I come? 我有必要来吗? —Yes, you must./No, you needn't.是的,必须来。/不,不必了。 (2)用作实义动词时，有时态以及人称和数的变化。 ①need sth.需要某物 They needed our help yesterday.昨天他们需要我们的帮助。 ②need to do sth.需要做…… I'm tired. I need to sleep now.我累了,我现在需要睡觉。 ③need doing=need to be done 需要被做…… The car needs repairing at once.=The car needs to be repaired at once. 这辆车需要马上被修理。 拓展 need 还可以作名词, in need 在危难中,在穷困中 We volunteer to help people in need.我们自愿帮助有需要的人。 2. harm n.伤害;损害 vt.伤害;损害 His only thought was to keep the boy from harm.他唯一想的就是不让这个男孩受到伤害。Smoking harms our health.吸烟有害健康。 【拓展】harmful adj.有害的, be harmful to 对······有害的 Eating too much junk food is harmful to our health.吃太多的垃圾食品对我们的身体有害。 重点词组 1. too much 太多 (1)相当于形容词，用来修饰不可数名词。 We have too much work to do.我们有太多的工作要做。 (2)相当于副词，在句子中作状语。 You work too much.你工作干得太多了。 She talks too much.她话说得太多了。 (3)相当于名词，在句子中作主语或宾语。 Too much was happening all at once.同时发生的事情太多了。 You have given me too much.你给我的太多了。 辨析|too much, too many 与 much too too much中的中心词是 much,后面跟不可数名词 too many相当于形容词, 中心词是 many, 后面跟可数名词 much too 相当于副词，中心词是too，后面跟形容词或副词，意为“非常，太” There is too much snow and ice on the road.路上冰雪太多。 There are too many students in our class.我们班上有太多的学生。 It's much too cold. 天太冷。 2. for example 例如 辨析 for example 与 such as (1) for example 和 such as 都可意为“例如”,但 such as用来列举事物,插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间。 He has been to many countries, such as America, Japan and Germany. 他去过很多国家，比如美国、日本和德国。 (2)for example 强调举例说明，而且一般只列举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 For example, air is invisible.例如,空气是看不见的。 He, for example, is a good student.例如,他就是个好学生。 3. give up 放弃 He never gives up easily.他从不轻易认输。 We should give up the bad habits.我们应该改掉坏习惯。 【注意】 当 give up后跟动词时,要跟动词的-ing形式。 I will never give up doing sports because I hope I will be healthier. 我永远不会放弃运动，因为我希望我更健康。 重点句型 1. In this first class, I’ d like to give you some tips on sports. 在第一节课上，我想给大家一些关于运动的建议。 would like to do=want to do 想要做…… I’d like to have an egg for breakfast.早餐我想吃一个鸡蛋。 2. While exercising, stop whenever you feel unwell. 运动的时候,一旦感觉到不舒服就停止。 (1) While+doing=while+sb.+be doing 当主句与从句的主语一致时,就可以用省略句式while+doing。 While listening (=While she was listening) to the radio, she fell asleep. 她在听收音机时睡着了。 (2) whenever 无论何时,从属连词,引导时间状语从句。 I'd like to see you whenever it's convenient.在你方便的时候我想来看看你。 典例 剖 析 例1 My father drinking when he was fifty. A. gave away B. gave in C. gave out D. gave up 解析|句意:“我父亲50岁的时候戒了酒。”give away 赠送;give in 屈服,让步;give out 分发,公布;give up放弃,戒掉,符合题意。 【答案】D 例2 —My son has a serious toothache. —You should tell him not to eat candy. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. a few 1解析■ 由candy的形式可知其在句中为不可数名词。too many修饰可数名词;too much 修饰不可数名词； much too用来修饰形容词或副词。故选 B。 答案 B 例3—Would you like to the library with me this afternoon? —Yes, I'd love to. A. go B. to go C. goes D. going 1解析||句意:“——今天下午你愿意和我一起去图书馆吗? ——我很乐意。”Would like to do sth.想要做某事，故选 B。 【答案】 B 课 后 提 升 一、单项选择 ( )1. Do not exercise . It could harm your body. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too ( )2. Tom badminton with his parents. A. likes playing B. like playing C. likes play D. like to play ( )3. Sports can us strong-minded. A. helps; become B. help; become C. helps; to become D. help; becoming ( )4. The sports shoes can your feet and ankles. A. protect B. protects C. harm D. harms ( )5.—Can I help you? —I want to buy . A. two pair of shoe B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs of shoes 二、完形填空 All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help people to keep 1 , happy and to live 2 . People play different games in winter and summer. 3 is good for swimming. And in winter people often go skating. Some sports are very 4 and people everywhere like them.For example, football is very popular. In China, many people, men,5, boys and girls, like to watch football games. They often talk about them.6 and jumping began long, long ago. But basketball and volleyball are rather 7 . People began to play them not long ago.And people are 8 new sports or games all the time. Water skiing is one of 9 . People 10 different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become friends. ( )1. A. health B. busy C. healthy D. lazy ( )2. A. long B. longer C. happy D. happily ( )3. A. Winter B. Summer C. Autumn D. Spring ( )4. A. boring B. difficult C. expensive D. interesting ( )5. A. woman B. women C. old D. young ( )6. A. Run B. Runs C. Running D. To run ( )7. A. new B. interesting C. popular D. old ( )8. A. start B. play C. playing D. starting ( )9. A. oldest B. newest C. the oldest D. the newest ( )10. A. to B. of C. from D. at 三、句型转换 1. Sam does his homework every day.(改为否定句) Sam his homework every day. 2. Joe plays basketball three times a week.(对画线部分提问) does Joe play basketball? 3. There is little water in the river.(改为反意疑问句) There is little water in the river, ? 4. The policeman told the boy not to play on the road.(改为祈使句) “ on the road,” the policeman said. 5. Mom put the necklace in the bedroom.(改为被动句) The necklace in the bedroom by Mom. 第 四 课 时 课程学习目标 1.掌握动名词及定语从句的用法； 2.能够用所学的短语和句型描写健康的生活方式；描述运动给我们带来的收获。 知 识 精 析 重点语法 一、动名词 动名词是在动词后加-ing构成，其构成规则与动词现在分词的构成规则相同。动名词(短语)具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。动名词也有自己的时态和语态。 1.动名词作主语 动名词作主语表示抽象、泛指的动作。句型结构为“Doing sth.+谓语……”。 Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.在太阳底下看书对我们的眼睛有害。 Only speaking but not doing is no use. 只说不做没有用。 拓展 “Doing sth.+be+名词/形容词”结构中, 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”, 通常用it作形式主语，把动名词短语后置，句型结构为“It+be+名词/形容词+动名词短语”。该结构中常见的名词或形容词有 use, fun, good, nice, useful等。 Only speaking but not doing is no use.=It's no use only speaking but not doing. Working for him is fun.=It's fun working for him. 为他工作很有趣。 2.动名词作宾语 动名词可放在介词或某些动词(短语)后作宾语。如： advise(建议), allow(允许), avoid(避免), consider(考虑), dislike(不喜欢), enjoy(喜欢), finish(完成),forbid(禁止), imagine(设想), keep(保持), mind(介意), permit(允许), practise(练习), suggest(建议), be busy(忙于), be worth(值得), can't help(忍不住), feel like(想要), give up(放弃), have trouble/difficulty(in)(做……有麻烦/困难), insist on(坚持), keep on(继续), look forward to(期待), put off(推迟), prevent/stop sb. from(阻止某人做某事), spend time/money(in)(花时间/钱做……)等。 Would you mind speaking more slowly? 你介意说慢点吗? The boy enjoys listening to the radio in the morning. 这个男孩喜欢早上听收音机。 This book is worth reading.这本书值得看。 He was punished for not telling the truth.因为没有说实话,他受到了惩罚。 3.动名词作表语 动名词作表语，用来补充说明主语的内容，与不定式作表语的用法相同。 Her job is washing, cleaning and looking after the children. 她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照顾孩子。 4.动名词作定语 动名词作定语，用来说明所修饰的名词的功能及用途。 a reading room一个阅览室(这个房间是用来看书的) a swimming pool一个游泳池(这个池子是用来游泳的) a writing book一本写作书(这本书是用来帮助训练写作的) 二、定语从句 1.定义 在复合句中起定语作用、修饰句中的名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，当关系代词作定语从句的主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数形式取决于先行词的人称的单复数。 2.结构：先行词+关系词+从句 先行词为名词或代词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词，引导定语从句且充当句子成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 正在和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。 画线部分就是一个定语从句，对 the man 进行解释说明，因此 the man 就是先行词。who 是关系词，引导定语从句。 3.定语从句的关系词 定语从句的关系词有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。 关系词 说明 例句 在从句中充当的成分 关系 代词 who 指人 He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后, 谁笑得最好。(作主语) The boy who I know is quite good at English.我认识的那个男孩相当擅长英语。(作know 的宾语， 可省略) 主语/宾语 whom 指人 The people whom you want to see are all here. 你想见的人都在这里。(作see的宾语， 可省略) 宾语 which 指物 She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚刚到达的那列火车里。(作主语) This is the pen which he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。(作 bought 的宾语,可省略) 主语/宾语 whose 指人或物 I have a good friend whose name is Lily.我有一个好朋友,她的名字叫莉莉。(指人) I want to live in that house whose roof is red.我想住在那个红色屋顶的房子里。(指物) 定语 that 指人或物 Mary likes the music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(作主语) He is no longer the person that used to be.他不再是过去的那个他了。(作表语) The book that I borrowed yesterday got lost.昨天我借的那本书丢失了。(作 borrowed 的宾语, 可省略) 主语/表语/宾语 关系副词 when = during/in/on which 指时间 I'll never forget the time when(=on which) we met forthe firsttime.我永远不会忘记我们初次见面的日子。 状语 where = in/at which 指地点 Is this the classroom where(=in which) we have history lessons?这是我们上历史课的教室吗? 状语 why=for which 指原因 Please tell me the reason why(=for which) you did that.请告诉我你那么做的原因。 状语 重点写作 能够用本单元所学的短语和句型介绍某人的健身计划、描写运动给我们带来的收获。 注意事项： 1.时态：可能涉及多种时态，如：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时； 2.可以多方面描述健康的生活方式，如：饮食、运动、习惯、作息等。 常用语块： 1. play basketball/badminton/ping-pong 打篮球/羽毛球/乒乓球 2. go jogging/swimming/climbing 去慢跑/游泳/爬山 3. join in/take part in 参加 4. outdoor/indoor activity 室外/室内运动 5. be good for 对……有好处 6. give up 放弃 套用句式： 1. What do you usually do after school? 放学后你通常做什么? 2. I usually play badminton with my classmates.我经常和同学们一起打羽毛球。 3. Doing more sports is good for our health.运动对我们的健康有好处。 4. I play basketball two or three times a week.我一周打两到三次篮球。 5. Getting regular exercise can help you stay focused when studying. 经常锻炼可以帮助我们在学习的时候更专注。 6. Now, let's do some warm-ups together.现在让我们一起做准备活动吧。 7. This gives me energy and helps me become strong-minded. 这(运动)给了我力量，并让我变得意志坚强。 典 例 剖 析 例 1 It is no use about it now. A. of thinking B. think C. thinking D. to think 1解析1 句意： “现在考虑这件事情没有用。”此句是动名词短语作主语后置。句型结构为 “It beno use +doing sth.” 。 【答案】 C 【例2 】our classroom every day is necessary. A. Cleaning B. Clean C. Cleaned D. Cleans 【解析】 此句是考查动名词短语作主语。句意： “每天打扫教室是有必要的。” 【答案】A 例3 This is the scientist name is known all over the world. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 【解析】句意： “这就是那位全世界闻名的科学家。”the scientist是先行词，关系词在定语从句中作name的定语，用关系代词 whose。 【答案】B 例4 The flowers we planted last year grow well. A. that B. who C. whose D. where 【解析】 句意：“我们去年种的花长得很好。”the flowers是先行词，关系词在定语从句中作planted 的宾语,用关系代词 that/which。 【答案】 A 课 后 提升 一、单项选择 ( )1. much exercise is good for our health. A. Do B. Done C. Doing D. Does ( )2. It's no use more people there. A. to send B. sending C. sent D. send ( )3. The boy you met in the classroom is called David. A. whose B. whom C. which D. what ( )4. There is an old man bag was lost in the bus. A. which B. that C. who D. whose ( )5. Please show me the cards you bought just now. A. which B. whom C. whose D. where 二、句型转换 1. There are some apples on the tree.(改为否定句) There apples on the tree. 2. Lyn is good at playing table tennis.(改为同义句) Lyn table tennis. 3. She looks young.(改为一般疑问句) she young? 4. The weather in Chongqing is very hot.(改为感叹句) weather it is in Chongqing! 5. Tim usually goes swimming three times a week.(对画线部分提问) does Tim go swimming? 三、书面表达 假如你是李华，请给你的好朋友 Tom 写一封信，告诉他运动的好处。(80词左右) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$