内容正文:
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
Unit1
核心话题
用一般过去时谈论度假等发生在过去的事情
重点词汇
单词过关:
1. _____________ pron. 任何人 2. _______________ adv. 在任何地方
3. ____________ adj. 精彩的;绝妙的 4. ___________ adj. & pron. 不多;很少
5. _____ adj. & adv. & pron. 最多;大多数 6. __________ pron. 某事;某物
7. ______ pron. 没有什么;没有一件东西 8. ________ pron. 每人;人人;所有人
9. _________ pron. 我自己;我本人 10. ________ pron. 你自己;您自己
11. ________ n. 母鸡12. _________ n. 猪 13. _________ v. 好像;似乎;看来
14. _________ adj. 厌倦的;烦闷的 15. __________ pron. 某人
16. ________ n. 日记;记事簿 17. ________ adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的
18. __________ n. 活动 19. __________ v. 决定;选定
20. _________ v. & n. 尝试;设法;努力 21. _________ n. 鸟
22. _________ n. 自行车;脚踏车 23. _________ n. 建筑物;房子
24. _________ n. 商人 25. __________ v. 想知道;琢磨
26. __________ n. 差别;差异 27. __________ n. 顶部;表面
28. __________ v. 等待;等候 29. __________ n. 伞;雨伞
30. _________ adj. 湿的;潮湿的;下雨的31. ________ prep. & adv. 在……下面
32. _________ adj. & adv. 足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)
33. __________ adj. 饥饿的 34. ________ adv. 像……一样;如同;conj. 当……时
35. ___________ n. 小山;山丘 36. ___________ n. 鸭
37. ___________ v. & n. 不喜爱(的事物);厌恶(的事物)
词汇变形:
1. wonder (v. 想知道) — (adj. 精彩的;绝妙的) — (adv. 精彩地)
2. bore (v. 使……厌烦) — (adj.厌倦的)— (adj.令人厌倦的)
3. diary (n. 日记) — (复数)
4. enjoy (v. 喜爱) — (adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的)
5. activity (n. 活动) — (复数)
6. decide (v. 决定) — (n. 决定)
7. build (v. 建造) — (n. 建筑物;房子)
8. trade (n/v贸易;买卖) — (n. 商人)
9. difference (n. 差别;差异) — (adj. 不同的)
10. wait(v. 等候;等待) — (n. 男服务员) — (n. 女服务员)
11. like(v. 喜欢)— 反义词(v.不喜欢)
重点短语
1. __________________ 去度假 2. _________________ 待在家
3. _________________ 参加夏令营 4. __________________ 相当多;不少
5. _________________ 当然 6. _______________ 大多数时间
7. _______________ 玩得愉快 8. ________________ 记日记
9. _________ 给……的感觉;感受到10. ________________ 因为
11. ____________ 在过去 12. ____________ 乘火车
13. _____________ 到达 14.______________决定做某事
15.______________做一个决定 16.______________ 尽力做某事
17.________________ 等待 18._______________ 足够的钱
19.______________ 另外两个小时 20.________________ 与…相同
重点句型
1. 你去哪里度假了?Where did you go on vacation?
2. 很久不见了。Long time no see.
3. 你去什么有趣的地方了吗?Did you go anywhere interesting?
4. 在那里我们拍了大量的照片。We took quite a few photos there.
5. 上个月你做什么特别的事情了吗?Did you do anything special last month?
6. 你认为三亚怎么样?How did you like Sanya? = What did you think of Sanya?
7. 我真的没有看到我喜欢的东西。I didn’t really see anything I liked.
语法
1. 复合不定 2. 一般过去时
写作
"三步五要素法"写游记
单元主题研读
What:与同学就假期生活展开讨论
Why:会用目标语言描述假期生活,发表自己的观点和看法
How:通过口语和书面任务,掌握如何谈论描述假期生活
考点1 go on vacation 去度假
[教材原句] Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了?
go on vacation意为“去度假”;vacation名词,意为“假期”,同义词为holiday。be on vacation意为“在度假”。
☞ I want to go on vacation in Hainan this winter. 今年冬天我想去海南度假。
☞ They are on vacation at the seaside. 他们正在海边度假。
【经典练】
1.Summer holidays are coming. Tom’s family ________ on a vacation.
A.goes B.will go C.has gone D.had gone
2.—We are going to Xiamen on vacation next month.
—________
A.Have a good trip! B.It doesn’t matter. C.Take it easy!
【写作佳句】(2022·山东菏泽·中考真题) I was on vacation in the countryside and helped Grandpa on the farm.我在乡下度假,在农场帮爷爷干活。
考点2.anyone"任何人"
[教材原句]Did you go with anyone? 你和和别人一起去的吗?
(1)这是一个一般疑问句,询问的是发生在过去的事情。由助动词提问,回答也用助动词did。一般过去时的一般疑问句的句子结构是"Did+ 主语+ 动词原形+其他?"。其肯定回答是:Yes, 主格代词+did;否定回答是:No, 主格代词+ didn’t.。
(2)anyone是不定代词,意为"任何人",相当于anybody,常用于否定句或疑问句中,代替someone/somebody。
☞ Is anyone here? 有人在吗?
☞ He told her not to tell anyone. 他告诉她不要告诉任何人。
【易混辨析】 anyone和any one
anyone
只指人,不指物,且后面不接of短语
any one
既可指人,又可指物,表示"任何一个",后面可接of短语。
一言辨异
Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their songs. 我们班上任何人都知道这些歌手中的任何一个和他们歌曲中的任何一首。
【注意】
anyone作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
☞ Is anyone watching the football match? 有人看足球比赛吗?
【经典练】
1.Jerry doesn’t know ________ in his new school, so he decided to join an after-school activity to make some friends.
A.anyone B.someone C.anything
2.Did you go fishing with ________ yesterday?
A.someone B.anyone C.no one D.everyone
【写作佳句】
(2020·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Children, follow your heart and never let anyone steal your dreams.孩子们,遵循你们的心,不要让任何人偷了你们的梦想。
考点3 anywhere副词,意为"在任何地方,什么地方"。
[教材原句]Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? 噢,你去什么有趣的地方了吗?
anywhere副词,意为"在任何地方,什么地方"。
☞ I can’t see it anywhere. 我哪儿也见不到它。
【易混辨析】 anywhere, somewhere, everywhere与nowhere
anywhere
意为"在任何地方"。常用于否定句和疑问句中。
somewhere
意为"在某处",常用于肯定句。
everywhere
意为"到处;各个地方",相当于here and there。
nowhere
意为"无处,哪里都不",表示否定意义。
☞ Are you going anywhere tonight? 今晚你要去什么地方吗?
☞ I think I saw it somewhere. 我想我在某个地方见过它。
☞ —Where did you go when you were living in that city? 当你在那座城市住的时候,你都去哪儿了?
—Everywhere. 哪儿都去了。
【注意】
当形容词修饰anywhere,somewhere或nowhere等词时,形容词要后置。
☞ We went somewhere beautiful yesterday. 昨天我们去了一个美丽的地方。
【经典练】
1.—Did you go ______ interesting last summer holiday?
—Yes, I went to Jiuzhaigou with my father.
A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere
2.—David lost his key ________ between the playground and the classroom.
—Let’s help him find it!
A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere
【写作佳句】(2021·云南·中考真题I can’t find my math book anywhere . 我到处都找不到我的数学书。
考点4 wonderful"精彩的;绝妙的;令人高兴的"
[教材原句] It was wonderful! 太棒了!
wonderful形容词,可作表语或定语,意为"精彩的;绝妙的;令人高兴的"。
☞ We had a wonderful time last night. 我们昨晚过得非常愉快。
☞ It’s wonderful to see you again! 再次见到你真叫人高兴!
【拓展】
口语中表达"太好/棒了!"我们还可用That’s good! 或That’s great!等。
【经典练】
1.__________ wonderful game it is! We all like it.
A.What B.How C.What a D.What an
2.—It’s reported that Facial Recognition (人脸识别) may change the way of payment.
—That sounds _________.
A.bad B.strange C.wonderful D.boring
【写作佳句】
(2021·四川凉山·中考真题)It’s so wonderful that I want to watch it a second time.它太精彩了,我想再看一遍。
考点5. few adj&pron. 不多;很少
5.We took a few photos there.我们在那里拍了很多照片。
【用法详解】重点:quite a few意为“相当多;不少”,相当于many,修饰可数名词复数。
Eg.Quite a few students took part in the sports meeting held in our school.很多学生参加了在我们学校举办的运动会。
【拓展】quite a little也表示“相当多;不少”,但它相当于much,修饰不可数名词
Eg.We have quite a little bread for breakfast.我们有相当多的面包作早餐。
易混辨析
few, a few,little 与a little的用法区别
易混词(短语)用法 含义
few
a few
修饰可数名词复数形式
表示否定意义,意为"几乎没有"。
表示肯定意义,意为"一些"。
little
修饰不可数名词
表示否定意义,意为"几乎没有"。
a little
表示肯定意义,意为"一点"。
【拓展】
(1)take photos意为"拍照;照相",take a photo/photos of sb/sth意为"给某人/某物拍照"。
☞ We took many photos on the Great Wall. 我们在长城上拍了很多照片。
(2)quite a few意为"相当多;不少",修饰可数名词复数,quite a few多用于口语中,相当于many,其后的谓语动词用复数。
☞ Quite a few students go to school by bike. 相当多的学生骑自行车上学。
【经典练】
1.There is _________ of room for improvement in his work, keep on working hard.
A.a lot B.lot of C.plenty of D.a few
2.Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have only _______ time left.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
【写作佳句】
Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. I hope to visit it next year.巴黎是世界最漂亮的城市之一。我希望明年去参观巴黎。
考点6.most of the time大部分时间
[教材原句]6.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书、休息。
常见用法
①most作形容词时,修饰可数名词复数形式或不可数名词。
Most students in my class like music.我班里的大多数学生都喜欢音乐。
②most作副调时,意为"最",可以修饰动词,比如like sth.most(最喜欢某物);也可放在部分发音为两个音节或两个以上音节的形容词或副词前,构成该词的最高极形式,如 tho most interesting(最有趣的)。
③most作代调时,后面可以跟of连用,most of..表示.申的大部分",其构成主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于most of后的名词的数。
.He has a lot of free time and he spends most of it in the garden.他有很多空闲时间,他把其中大部分的时间都花在了花园上。
Most of the milk goes bad.大部分牛奶都变质了。
【拓展】
(1)most of... 意为"……中的大多数",它作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于most of后的名词或者代词。
☞ Most of us are going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。
☞ Most of the food goes bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。
(2)most用作形容词,意为"大多数的;大部分的"。
☞ Most children like playing football very much. 大部分的孩子都非常喜欢踢足球。
【经典练】
1.To our surprise, the social worker paid ________ money for ________ sweets.
A.the most; the least B.the most; the fewest
C.the fewest; the most D.the least; the fewest
【写作佳句】
She is so hard-working that she did the most exercises and made the fewest mistakes of all the students.她是如此勤奋,她做的练习最多,犯的错误最少。
考点7. anything
[教材原句] Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗?
(1)anything不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。
☞ Do you want anything from me? 你想从我这里要些什么吗?
☞ I can’t want anything about it. 对此我没什么可说的。
注意:anything表示“任何事,任何东西”时,用于肯定句中。
☞ You can ask me anything you want to know. 你可以问我你想知道的任何事情。
(2)anything special意为“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时应后置。
☞ Is there anything new in this book? 这本书里有新的内容吗?
【经典练】
1.What he said is ________ but practical since ________ depends on “if”.
A.anything; everything B.nothing; everything
C.everything; anything D.none; everything
2.It’s a pity that I can’t find important or useful in today’s newspaper.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
【写作佳句】
(2020·北京·统考中考真题)Without accumulating, we can hardly achieve anything. 没有积累我们几乎什么都做不到。
考点8. taste
3. Everything tasted really good! 所有的食物尝起来都很好吃!
【用法详解】taste为感官动词,在此处作系动词,后接形容词作表语,不用于进行时。(感官动词+adj)
【拓展】“五个感官动词”:
【经典练】
1.—Linda, don’t drink too much cola.
—OK, Mum. But it ________ good.
A.looks B.smells C.tastes D.sounds
2.It _______ chocolate ice cream, but it doesn’t ______ sweet.
A.looks, taste B.looks like, taste C.looks, taste like D.looks like, taste like
【写作佳句】It smells nice and tastes delicious.闻起来很香,尝起来很好吃。
考点9.How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?
【用法详解】How do you like ...?意为“你觉得……怎么样?”,用于询问对方的观点或看法。
How do you like ... ? = What do you think of ...?
Eg.—How do you like this new movies? = What do you think of this new movies?你觉得这部新电影怎么样?
—It’s wonderful!非常棒!
【经典练】
1.— Welcome to our city. How do you like it so far?
— It’s great.
A.What’s the price of B.What do you think of
C.What’s it made of D.Why do you like it
考点10. myself pron. 我自己;我本人
反身代词的常见用法:
(1)反身代词作宾语,表示主语和宾语为同一个人或事物。
☞ He bought himself a book. 他给自己买了一本书。
(2)反身代词作同位语,起强调作用。
☞ I myself repaired the bike. 我自己修的自行车。
(3)含反身代词的常用词组:
teach oneself 自学 learn...by oneself 自学……
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快 by oneself独自
help oneself to...为(自己)取用……
【知识拓展】
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
herself/himself/itself
themselves
【经典练】
1.Katie and I enjoyed ________ at the school food festival last Saturday.
A.myself B.herself
C.yourselves D.ourselves
2.Mr. Smith isn’t worried about his five-year-old daughter—Jill can look after ________ very well.
A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.myself
【写作佳句】(2022·四川凉山·中考真题)Nobody taught the old man how to play with Tik Tok. He taught himself.没人教老人怎么玩抖音。他自学的。
考点11. no one意为"没有人",与nobody同义
☞ There is no one/nobody in the classroom now. 现在教室里没有人。
☞ Everyone wants to be a hero, but no one wants to die. 人人都想当一名英雄,但没有人想死。
【易混辨析】 no one,none与nothing
no one
只能用于指人,不能与of连用。作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。可表示"没有人",一般用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句。
No one wants to go shopping. 没有一个人想去购物。
none
表示"没有一个"。既可指人,也可指物。其后可接of短语,"none of+可数名词复数"作主语时谓语动词用单、复数皆可。可指数量上"一个也没有",一般用来回答how many/much引导的特殊疑问句。
None of these pens work/works. 这些钢笔没有一支能用。
nothing
只能用于指物,作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。可用来回答what 引导的特殊疑问句及含anything的一般疑问句。
—What is in the box? 箱子里有 什么?
—Nothing. 什么东西也没有。
【经典练】
1.(2020·湖北·中考真题)—Although these were good students, ______________ of them had a score above 60.
—I can’t believe it!
A.none B.no one C.some D.all
考点12 feed v. 喂养;给(人或动物)食物
[教材原句] We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs.
☞ The patient can’t feed himself yet. 病人还不能自己进食。
☞ We brought along pieces of old bread and fed the birds. 我们带了几片陈面包来喂鸟。
【拓展】
(1)feed常与介词on搭配构成feed...on... 表示"给……喂……"。
☞ We feed our dogs on fresh meat. 我们用新鲜的肉喂我们的狗。
(2)若表示"把……喂给……",则 使用feed...to...。
【经典练】
1.Mr. Smith ________ the ducks on the farm when I went to visit him.
A.fed B.was feeding C.feeds D.is feeding
2.There will be more bamboo in the nature park to __________ the pandas.
A.hurt B.feed C.develop D.catch
【写作佳句】(2022·贵州黔西·中考真题)I’m also interested in the show of sea-lion feeding. I want to learn how they feed the sea lions.我还对海狮喂食表演感兴趣。我想知道他们是如何喂养海狮的。
考点13. seem "好像,似乎"
[教材原句] Still no one seemed to be bored. 虽然如此,似乎没有人觉得无聊。
(1)动词seem的意思是"好像,似乎"。常用的句型:
① 主语+seem+(to be+)表语(多为形容词或名词)。
☞ You seem to be very happy today. 你今天似乎很高兴。
② It seems + that从句。
☞ It seems that it will snow. 看样子天要下雪了。
③ 主语 + seem + 动词不定式。
☞ He seems to know everything. 他好像什么都懂。
④ It seems that…句型往往可转换为sb. seem to do sth.
☞ It seems that she is sleeping. 她好像在睡觉。= She seems to be sleeping.
【经典练】
1.The man seems ________ what has happened, but he says nothing.
A.to know B.to like C.to help
【写作佳句】(2019·辽宁本溪·中考真题)It seems that a big storm is coming.似乎一场暴风雨即将来临。
考点14.bored意为"厌俗的;烦闷的"
[教材原句] Still no one seemed to be bored. 虽然如此,似乎没有人觉得无聊。
常见用法
bored意为"厌俗的;烦闷的",常用来形容人。
.Mom. can I go home? I get bored around here waiting for you.妈妈,我能回家吗?在这里等你我感觉很烦闷。
【拓展】
以-ed结尾的形容词通常用来形容人的感受,如relaxed, surprised, excited, tired等;以-ing结尾的形容词通常用来形容事物,如relaxing ,surprising, exciting, tiring等。
【经典练】
1.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)—I think life without old friends is ________.
—I agree. We should often visit some of our old friends.
A.a bit boring B.a bit of boring C.a bit bored D.a bit of bored
2.—Will the little girl get ________ when she stays alone in her bedroom?
—No, she won’t. She will always find something interesting to do.
A.bored B.brave C.honest D.thirsty
考点15. arrive“到达”
[教材原句] I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。
【用法详解】 arrive为不及物动词,后接名词时要加介词,arrive后接地点副词(here,there,home)时不用介词。
arrive at + 小地点(如城镇、机场、火车站等)
arrive in + 大地点(如国家、大城市等)
e.g. They arrived home from Beijing yesterday.
e.g. When I arrived at the station, it was seven o’clock.
e.g. I’ll phone you when I arrive in New York.
【拓展延伸】“三个到达”:arrive at/in + 地点 = get to + 地点 = reach + 地点
►My uncle arrived at my home yesterday.
=My uncle got to my home yesterday.
=My uncle reached my home yesterday.
【经典练】
1.As students, we can’t ________ late for class, and we can’t eat in class.
A.leave B.arrive C.miss D.show
2.He will call you at once as soon as he ________ in Tianjin.
A.arrives B.will arrive C.gets D.will get
【写作佳句】Nobody knows if he will come. If he arrives here, I’ll call you at once.没有人知道他是否会来。如果他到了这里,我马上给你打电话。
考点16. decide及物动词,意为"决定,决心",
[教材原句] ...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. ……因此我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。
decide及物动词,意为"决定,决心",常见用法有:
(1)decided to do sth意为"决定做某事",其否定形式为decide not to do sth,意为"决定不做某事"。
☞ He decided that he would start out at 6:00 that morning. 他决定那天早晨六点出发。
(2)decide后常跟"疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语。
☞ He cannot decide when to leave. 他不能决定何时动身。
(3)decide后常跟宾语从句。
☞ I can’t decide where I should go. 我不能决定我该去哪儿。
【知识拓展】
① decide也可作不及物动词,decide on sth意为"就某事做决定",后常跟名词、 代词、动词的ing形式作宾语。
☞ Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。
☞ Don’t decide on important matters so quickly. 重要的事情不要匆忙做决定。
② decision为名词,意为"决定"。make a decision意为"做决定",相当于decide。
☞ I made a decision to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。
☞ She decided/made a decision to get good grades. 她决定取得好成绩。
③ decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事。
☞ He decided not to tell his mother the truth. 他决定不告诉他妈妈真相。
④ decide后跟"疑问词+不定式"作其宾语。
☞ I can’t decide what to buy. 我不能决定买什么。
【经典练】
1.—Where will the next Olympic Games be held?
—In Paris, and it’s the International Olympic Committee that can ________ which city will get the chance to hold the games.
A.decide B.mention C.imagine D.research
2.In 2002, Yao Ming decided ________ the NBA draft.
A.entering B.to enter C.enter D.entered
【写作佳句】
(2022·安徽·中考真题)—You can decide between joining the dancing club and going to the 你可以决定参加舞蹈俱乐部还是国际象棋俱乐部。
考点17. try v.& n。尝试;设法;努力
[教材原句] My sister and I tried paragliding.我如姐和我尝试了滑用伞运动。
try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法”。
☞ She is trying my bicycle. 她正在试骑我的自行车。
【易混辨析】try doing sth. 与try to do sth.
try doing sth.“尝试着做某事”,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力
try to do sth. “尽力、设法去做某事”,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出一定的努力设法去完成。
☞The boy tried making a model plane. 这个男孩尝试着制作一个飞机模型。
☞She tried to carry the basket. 她努力提起这个篮子。
【经典练】
1.The TV show is terrible. I ________ it. Let’s go out to play tennis!
A.don’t mind B.can’t try C.can’t stand
2.Our teacher encourages us ________ it again.
A.try B.keep C.having D.to try
【写作佳句】
(2022·湖北随州·统考中考真题)In a word, let’s try to plan free time well and make our weekends more meaningful.总之,让我们试着好好计划空闲时间,让我们的周末更有意义。
考点18.feel like意为"给……的感觉;感觉像"
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉像一只鸟。
[教材原句] feel like意为"给……的感觉;感觉像",其后常接从句。
【用法详解】feel like 意为“给……的感觉;感觉像”,此处的like为介词,后常接名词或从句。
重点:feel like 还有“想要”的意思,构成固定结构: feel like doing sth 想要做某事
【拓展延伸】 “三个想要”:want to do sth = would like to do sth = feel like doing sth
【经典练】
1.—The movie The Wandering Earth is wonderful. Do you feel like ________ it tonight?
—I’d love to, but my parents won’t let me ________ out too late.
A.watching; to stay B.to watch; stay C.watching; stay
2.When I am trying paragliding, I feel like ______ in the sky.
A.flying B.to fly C.fly
【写作佳句】
(2023·湖南永州·统考中考真题)If you feel like you don’t have enough time for daily self-care,you aren’t alone.如果你觉得自己没有足够的时间进行日常自我护理,你并不孤独。
考点19.wonder"想知道"
[教材原句] I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。
wonder此处用作及物动词,表示"想知道",相当于want to know。wonder在不同的句式中表达的意思也不同:
(1)后接who,what,why,how等连接词引导的宾语从句及"疑问词+动词不定式"结构:
☞ I wonder how you keep in touch with Tom. 我想知道你是怎样和汤姆保持联系的。
☞ I wonder who that boy is. 我想知道那个男孩是谁.
(2)后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时,表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。
☞ I wonder if I could use your mobile phone. 我不知道是否可以用一下你的手机。
(3)后接that引导的宾语从句以及动词不定式短语时,表示"对……感到惊讶"。
☞ I wonder to hear her voice in the room. 我听到房间传出她的声音,十分惊讶。
【知识拓展】
(1)wonder作名词时,意为"奇迹;奇观"。
☞ What are the seven wonders of the world? 世界七大奇观是什么?
(2)wonderful为形容词,可作表语或定语,意为"精彩的;绝妙的;令人愉快的"。
☞ It’s wonderful to see you again! 再次见到你真叫人高兴!
☞ That’s a wonderful performance. 那是场精彩的表演。
【写作佳句】
1.—I wonder ________, Jack.
—I am making a gift for my mom. Mother’s Day is around the corner.
A.what you are doing B.who you are talking to C.where you are going
2.—What do you think of the movie Hi, Mom?
—________! I’ve seen it three times and it always gives me something to think about.
A.Wonderful B.I can’t stand it C.It’s too boring D.I don’t like it
【经典练】
Parents’ words make a big difference to their children’s development.父母的话对孩子的发展有很大的影响。
考点20.difference"差别;差异"
[教材原句] What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大呀!
difference可数名词,意为"差别;差异",也可作不可数名词。其形容词形式为different,意为"不同的;有差异的"。其副词形式为differently,意为"不同地"。
☞ There are many differences between Mary and Jean. 玛丽和琼两人有许多不同点。
☞ He thinks differently; he has a different idea. 他想得不同,他有一个不同的想法。
【知识拓展】
difference常构成短语:
make a difference 有影响;起作用
make no difference 没影响
the difference(s) between...and... ……和……两者间的不同点
【经典练】
1.Are the two pictures the same? I can’t see any _________.
A.surprise B.difference C.service D.height
2.The two sisters are almost the same, and I can’t find any________ between them.
A.differences B.problems C.jokes
【写作佳句】
I didn’t want to be treated differently from anyone else. 我不想被区别对待。
考点21.wait v. 等待;等候
[教材原句] We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.我们等了一个事小时的火车,因为人太多了。
【用法详解】wait
wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物
wait to do sth 等着做某事
can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
【易混辨析】too many, too much与much too
too many
“太多”,后跟可数名词复数
I have too many books on the bookshelf.
too much
“太多”,后跟不可数名词
There is too much ice on the road.
much too
“太……”,后跟形容词或副词
It’s much too cold outside.
【经典练】
1.—This cartoon is very funny.
—Yes. I can’t help ________ when I watch it, and I can’t wait ________ it again.
A.laughing; waiting B.laugh; watching
C.to laugh; to watch D.laughing; to watch
2.—Remember the first time we met, Grace?
—Yes, of course. You ________ for a bus at that time.
A.am waiting B.were waiting C.will wait D.have waited
【写作佳句】
(2023·浙江杭州·统考中考真题)I am so glad to receive your email. I can’t wait to see you, too.我很高兴收到你的邮件,我也迫不及待的想见你。
考点22.because of短语介词,意为"因为,由于"
[教材原句] And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的天气,底下的东西我们什么也看不到。
because of短语介词,意为"因为,由于",其后可接名词、代词或名词性成分。
☞ He walked slowly because of the bad weather. 他因为恶劣的天气而行走缓慢。
【易混辨析】 because of与because
because of
短语介词,后可接名词、代词或名词性成分
We didn’t get there in time because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨,我们没有及时到那儿。
because
连词,意为"因为",引导状语从句,表明直接、明确的原因或理由
We didn’t get there in time because it rained heavily. 由于大雨,我们没有及时到那儿。
【经典练】
1.He was sentenced to death ________ what he had stolen from the bank.
A.that B.since C.because D.because of
【写作佳句】
(2023·山东枣庄·统考中考真题)Paper cuttings are popular because of their expressions of good luck and wishes.剪纸之所以受欢迎,是因为它们表达了好运和愿望。
考点23.enough adj. 充足的;足够的 adv. 足够地;充足地
[教材原句] My father didn't bring enough money::我爸爸没有带足够的钱
【用法详解】enough意为“足够的”,既可作形容词也可作副词名前形副后
enough+名词
形容词/副词+enough
足够的钱 enough money
足够漂亮 beautiful enough
重点:
【经典练】
1.—Mum, could I join the Summer Camp?
—Of course. You are ________ to decide things by yourself.
A.too old B.too young C.old enough D.enough old
2.(2018·甘肃天水·中考真题)His joke is ________ to make us all ________.
A.enough funny; laugh B.funny enough; laugh
C.enough funny; to laugh D.funny enough; to laugh
【写作佳句】
Now I don' t need to get up so early that I can have enough sleep.现在我不需要起的如此早,以致于我有足够的睡眠。
考点24.find out 查明;弄清
【易混辨析】 look for,find与find out
look for
"寻找",强调寻找的过程,但不一定能找到。
He began to look for a new job immediately after he was fired. 他被解雇后立即开始寻找一份新工作。
To look for a needle in a haystack. 大海捞针。
find
"发现,找到",强调结果,通常指偶然发现。
I’m looking for my key, but I can’t find it. 我正在找我的钥匙,但是我找不到它。
find out
"查明,找出",经过一番努力最终找到,具有目的性。
Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。
【经典练】
1.(2021·山东滨州·统考中考真题)Pan Jianwei has become a famous scientist. When he was a child, he liked to ______ how things worked.
A.set out B.find out C.leave out D.bring out
【写作佳句】
I think it’s necessary for me to find out my strengths and weaknesses at the end of this term.我认为我有必要在这学期结束时找出自己的优点和缺点。(2019·江苏南通·中考真题)
25.What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异真大呀!
【用法详解】difference可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词,形容词形式为 different .
make a difference表示“产生影响;起作用”
【拓展延伸】
一.语法精讲——一般过去时
思维导图
(一)一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。其结构为:
a. 主系表 主语+was/were+其他.
b. 主谓宾 主语+谓语动词(过去式)+宾语.
☞ —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么?
—I went swimming. 我去游泳了。
☞ When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。
1. 一般过去时的基本结构
①实义动词
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
☞ I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。
否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。
☞ I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。
一般疑问句及其回答:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t / did not.
☞ —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗?
—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没去。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?
☞ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了?
—I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。
② be 动词
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他.
☞ I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
否定句:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他.
☞ I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。
一般疑问句及其回答:Were/Was + 主语 + 其他?
☞ —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗?
—Yes, I was. / No,I wasn’t. 是的,我在家。/ 不,我不在家。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他?
☞ —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪?
—I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
2. 一般过去时的构成
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-ed
wash→washed help→helped
以不发音的字母e结尾
加-d
hope→hoped like→liked
以辅音字母+ y结尾
变y为i,再加-ed
carry→carried study→studied
结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词
双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed
stop→stopped plan→planned
3. 如何判定一般过去时
(1)通过句子中是否有表示过去的时间状语来判定。
① 介词+表示过去时间的年、月、日,如in 1983等。
② yesterday以及由yesterday构成的短语:yesterday morning/afternoon/evening,the day before yesterday。
③ 带有ago的短语,如three days ago,five years ago。
④ last构成的短语,如last week/year/month等。
⑤ 表示过去的词或短语,如once,at that time,just now等。
(2)若找不到明显的时间状语,则通过上下文判断。
☞ —Where did you go? 你去哪儿了?
—I went to Beijing. 我去北京了。
(3)两个或两个以上动词用and连接时,若前一个动词为过去式,后面的动词也要用其过去式。
☞ I turned on the TV, sat down and watched the program. 我打开了电视,坐下来看节目。
4. 肯定句如何变为否定句
(1)含有系动词was,were→直接在其后加not。
(2)含有情态动词could等时→直接在其后加not。
(3)含有实义动词→在该动词前加did not/didn’t,并且该动词变为原形。
5. 陈述句如何变一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
(1)若句中有be动词或情态动词,则把它们移到句首。
(2)若句中是行为动词,则在句首加Did,谓语动词改为原形。
(3)特殊疑问句则需在一般疑问句基础上加上特殊疑问词。
一般过去时
肯定句的过去式,规则动词加-ed,不规则的必须记。
否定形式疑问句,没有be加did。
如把did加在前,动词也要还原形。
(二)不定代词的用法
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
在本单元中,主要出现的不定代词为由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,因此主要详细讲解这一部分不定代词的用法,在这些复合不定代词中,除no one以外,其他都要写成一个词。
1. 复合不定代词有:
物
something 某物
anything 任何事物
nothing 无物
everything 每一件事
人
somebody
someone
某人
anybody
anyone
任何人
nobody
no one
没有人
everybody
everyone
每人
【注意】
由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
2. 复合不定代词的定语
(1)形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词时,要位于不定代词或不定副词之后,作后置定语。
☞ Last night, I saw someone strange lying on the ground near my home. 昨晚在我家附近,我看见一个陌生人躺在地上。
Many people like to go somewhere interesting to have a vacation. 许多人喜欢去有趣的地方度假。
(2)复合不定代词与动词不定式连用,不定式作后置定语。
☞ Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗?
3. 复合不定代词的属格
1. 含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-’s属格形式。
☞ Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 大家的事情没人管。
☞ Is this anybody’s seat? 这儿有人坐吗?
2. 含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时,-’s属格应加在else之后。
☞ Can you remember someone else’s name? 你还记得其他人的姓名吗?
3. 含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-’s属格形式。
4. 复合不定代词的数
复合不定代词都具有单数的含义,因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
☞ Is everyone here today? 今天,大家都到齐了吗?
☞ Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。
5. 复合不定代词的否定
1. not every-表示的是部分否定,意为"并非都,不都"。
☞ Not everything will go well. 并非一切都会那么顺利。
☞ The teacher didn’t call everyone’s name. 老师并没有点所有人的名字。
2. not any-和no-均表示全否定。
☞ He listened, but heard nothing. 他听了听,但什么也没听到。
= He listened, but didn’t hear anything.
☞ You haven’t called anyone/anybody up, have you?
你没给谁打过电话,是吗?
= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?
巧学不定代词
不定代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏;
单数动词作谓语,何时何地都一样。
2. “三步五要素法”写游记
话题分析
本单元主要话题是节日与假期,与本单元相关的写作题目可以与节假日里的旅游相结合。命题内容以游览为主,根据提示记叙在节假日里旅游的大致情况。写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及事态的运用。
内容一般从以下几方面着手:
1. Where did you go?
2. How was the weather?
3. What did you do?
4. How was the food?
5. How was the people?
6. How did you feel about the trip?
写作步骤
◆ 步骤一:在第一行写明日期(年月日与星期)和天气等信息。
◆ 步骤二:正文用一般过去时态描述当天发生的事情。
◆ 步骤三:在日记的最后描述自己的感受和体会。
例题:
去年寒假,你到北京的爷爷家度假,玩得很开心。请根据提示(提示词必须都用上)展开合理想象, 写一篇短文,叙述你在北京的寒假活动,与大家分享。80词左右。
提示词:winter vacation Tian'anmen Square the Palace Museum a Beijing hutong Beijing duck
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路导航】
时态:以过去时态为主;人称:第一人称。
【佳作展示】
Beijing is the capital of China and it is in the north of China. There are many places of interest there. A lot of people come to visit Beijing every year. I have been to Beijing many times. I have done many things there. Last winter vacation, I visited my grandfather in Beijing. I climbed the Great Wall and went to the Tian'anmen Square. I visited the Palace Museum but I didn't visit the Summer Palace. I enjoyed the Beijing opera and ate Beijing duck. I liked to walk with my grandfather at the Beijing hutong. I had conversation with foreigners and I took lots of photos. I felt tired but very happy. It was an interesting experience. I had a good time there.
【名师点评】
【高分句型一】
There are many places of interest there. 那里有很多名胜。句型:There be…… place of interest名胜
【高分句型二】
I have been to Beijing many times我去过北京很多次。Have been to Sp.去过了某地。
【亮点短语】
place of interest名胜;have a good time 玩得开心;walk with sb.与某人散步;conversation with sb.与某人聊天;take photos拍照。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
17. over an hour 一个多小时 18. too many people 太多的人
19. get to the top 到达顶部 20. because of the bad weather 因为不好的天气
21. one bowl of fish 一碗鱼肉 22. another two hours 另外两个小时
23. the top of the hill 山顶 24. learn something important 学习重要的东西
25. go to the countryside 去乡下 26. in the shopping center 在购物中心
27. have a fun time 玩得高兴;过得愉快 28. after three hours 三个小时以后
29. keep going 一直走 30. twenty minutes later 20分钟后
用法集萃
1. seem +adj.= seem to be +adj. 好像… ; seem to do sth. 似乎要做某事
2. decide to do sth. 决定做某事;decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事
3. try 的用法。
1) have a try 试一试 2) try to do sth. 努力/ 设法做某事
3) try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 4) try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。
4. feel like给…的感觉;感受到;想要 feel like doing sth.=would like / want to do sth.想要做某事
5. too many+可数名词复数 too much +不可数名词 太多
6. bored厌倦的;烦闷的, boring 无聊的;无趣的
区别: bored是感觉无聊,boring是令人感觉无聊;bored 主语是人,boring 主语一般是物; bored 只能作表语,boring 能作表语,定语。
7. 表示到达的词语。 get to + 某地。 arrive at + 小地方(车站、码头,学校、单位、家庭、小城镇等),arrive in + 大地方( 国家,城市等).特别提示:当arrive at / in ; get to 跟 there, here, home 等副词时,要去掉介词 at / in , to get home / there / here, arrive home / there / here
When did you arrive at our school? He arrived in Beijing yesterday.
8. because 表“因为”引导原因状语从句 , so 表“所以”引导结果状语从句,两者不能同时出现在同一句中,但是两者可互换。because 与because of 的用法。because 是连词后跟一个完整的句子,构成原因状语从句。because of 其后接名词、代词、动名词。有时两者可互换。
9. enough 的用法。1)做形容词“足够的;充足的”,修饰名词,可位于名词前、后,但常位于名词之前。enough money , enough time. 2) 做副词“足够”,修饰形容词或副词,常位于形容词或副词之后。
典句必背
1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的?
2. Long time no see.好久不见。
3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗?
4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
5. I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。
6. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。
7. How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?
8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
10. …but many of the old buildings are still there .… 但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
并且因为糟糕的天气,我们看不见下面的任何东西。
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!15
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
Unit1
核心话题
用一般过去时谈论度假等发生在过去的事情
重点词汇
单词过关:
1. _____________ pron. 任何人 2. _______________ adv. 在任何地方
3. ____________ adj. 精彩的;绝妙的 4. ___________ adj. & pron. 不多;很少
5. _____ adj. & adv. & pron. 最多;大多数 6. __________ pron. 某事;某物
7. ______ pron. 没有什么;没有一件东西 8. ________ pron. 每人;人人;所有人
9. _________ pron. 我自己;我本人 10. ________ pron. 你自己;您自己
11. ________ n. 母鸡12. _________ n. 猪 13. _________ v. 好像;似乎;看来
14. _________ adj. 厌倦的;烦闷的 15. __________ pron. 某人
16. ________ n. 日记;记事簿 17. ________ adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的
18. __________ n. 活动 19. __________ v. 决定;选定
20. _________ v. & n. 尝试;设法;努力 21. _________ n. 鸟
22. _________ n. 自行车;脚踏车 23. _________ n. 建筑物;房子
24. _________ n. 商人 25. __________ v. 想知道;琢磨
26. __________ n. 差别;差异 27. __________ n. 顶部;表面
28. __________ v. 等待;等候 29. __________ n. 伞;雨伞
30. _________ adj. 湿的;潮湿的;下雨的31. ________ prep. & adv. 在……下面
32. _________ adj. & adv. 足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)
33. __________ adj. 饥饿的 34. ________ adv. 像……一样;如同;conj. 当……时
35. ___________ n. 小山;山丘 36. ___________ n. 鸭
37. ___________ v. & n. 不喜爱(的事物);厌恶(的事物)
词汇变形:
1. wonder (v. 想知道) — (adj. 精彩的;绝妙的) — (adv. 精彩地)
2. bore (v. 使……厌烦) — (adj.厌倦的)— (adj.令人厌倦的)
3. diary (n. 日记) — (复数)
4. enjoy (v. 喜爱) — (adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的)
5. activity (n. 活动) — (复数)
6. decide (v. 决定) — (n. 决定)
7. build (v. 建造) — (n. 建筑物;房子)
8. trade (n/v贸易;买卖) — (n. 商人)
9. difference (n. 差别;差异) — (adj. 不同的)
10. wait(v. 等候;等待) — (n. 男服务员) — (n. 女服务员)
11. like(v. 喜欢)— 反义词(v.不喜欢)
重点短语
1. __________________ 去度假 2. _________________ 待在家
3. _________________ 参加夏令营 4. __________________ 相当多;不少
5. _________________ 当然 6. _______________ 大多数时间
7. _______________ 玩得愉快 8. ________________ 记日记
9. _________ 给……的感觉;感受到10. ________________ 因为
11. ____________ 在过去 12. ____________ 乘火车
13. _____________ 到达 14.______________决定做某事
15.______________做一个决定 16.______________ 尽力做某事
17.________________ 等待 18._______________ 足够的钱
19.______________ 另外两个小时 20.________________ 与…相同
重点句型
1. 你去哪里度假了?Where did you go on vacation?
2. 很久不见了。Long time no see.
3. 你去什么有趣的地方了吗?Did you go anywhere interesting?
4. 在那里我们拍了大量的照片。We took quite a few photos there.
5. 上个月你做什么特别的事情了吗?Did you do anything special last month?
6. 你认为三亚怎么样?How did you like Sanya? = What did you think of Sanya?
7. 我真的没有看到我喜欢的东西。I didn’t really see anything I liked.
语法
1. 复合不定 2. 一般过去时
写作
"三步五要素法"写游记
参考答案:
words:
1. anyone 2. anywhere 3. wonderful 4. few 5. most 6. something 7. nothing 8. everyone 9. myself 10. yourself 11. hen 12. pig 13. seem 14. bored 15. someone 16. diary 17. enjoyable
18. activity 19. decide 20. try 21. bird 22. bicycle 23. building 24. trader 25. wonder 26. difference 27. top 28. wait 29. Umbrella 30. wet 31. below 32. enough 33. hungry 34. as 35. hill
36. duck 37. dislike
词汇变形:
1. wonderful wonderfully 2. bored — boring 3. diaries
4. enjoyable 5. activities 6. decision 7. building
8. trader 9. different 10. waiter — waitress 11. dislike
Phrases:
1. go on vacation 2. stay at home 3. go to summer camp 4. quite a few 5. of course 6. most of the time 7. have a good time 8. keep a diary 9. feel like 10. because of 11. in the past 12. take the train
13. get to 14. decide to do sth. 15. make a decision 16. try to do sth 17 wait for 18. enough money
19. another two hours 20.the same as
单元主题研读
What:与同学就假期生活展开讨论
Why:会用目标语言描述假期生活,发表自己的观点和看法
How:通过口语和书面任务,掌握如何谈论描述假期生活
考点1 go on vacation 去度假
[教材原句] Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了?
go on vacation意为“去度假”;vacation名词,意为“假期”,同义词为holiday。be on vacation意为“在度假”。
☞ I want to go on vacation in Hainan this winter. 今年冬天我想去海南度假。
☞ They are on vacation at the seaside. 他们正在海边度假。
【经典练】
1.Summer holidays are coming. Tom’s family ________ on a vacation.
A.goes B.will go C.has gone D.had gone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:暑假就要到了。汤姆一家将要去度假。考查动词时态。goes是go的第三人称单数形式,用于一般现在时;will go是一般将来时;has gone是现在完成时;had gone是过去完成时。根据“Summer holidays are coming.”可知,go on a vacation“去度假”是将来的事情,应该用一般将来时,结构为will+动词原形。故选B。
2.—We are going to Xiamen on vacation next month.
—________
A.Have a good trip! B.It doesn’t matter. C.Take it easy!
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我们下个月要去厦门度假。——祝你旅途愉快!考查情景交际。Have a good trip祝你旅途愉快;It doesn’t matter没关系;Take it easy放松点。根据“We are going to Xia Men on vacation next month.”可知,对方要去度假,应该要表示祝愿,故选A。
【写作佳句】(2022·山东菏泽·中考真题) I was on vacation in the countryside and helped Grandpa on the farm.我在乡下度假,在农场帮爷爷干活。
考点2.anyone"任何人"
[教材原句]Did you go with anyone? 你和和别人一起去的吗?
(1)这是一个一般疑问句,询问的是发生在过去的事情。由助动词提问,回答也用助动词did。一般过去时的一般疑问句的句子结构是"Did+ 主语+ 动词原形+其他?"。其肯定回答是:Yes, 主格代词+did;否定回答是:No, 主格代词+ didn’t.。
(2)anyone是不定代词,意为"任何人",相当于anybody,常用于否定句或疑问句中,代替someone/somebody。
☞ Is anyone here? 有人在吗?
☞ He told her not to tell anyone. 他告诉她不要告诉任何人。
【易混辨析】 anyone和any one
anyone
只指人,不指物,且后面不接of短语
any one
既可指人,又可指物,表示"任何一个",后面可接of短语。
一言辨异
Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their songs. 我们班上任何人都知道这些歌手中的任何一个和他们歌曲中的任何一首。
【注意】
anyone作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
☞ Is anyone watching the football match? 有人看足球比赛吗?
【经典练】
1.Jerry doesn’t know ________ in his new school, so he decided to join an after-school activity to make some friends.
A.anyone B.someone C.anything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰瑞在新学校里一个人也不认识,所以他决定参加一个课外活动来交一些朋友。考查代词辨析。anyone某人,一般用于疑问句和否定句;someone某人,一般用于肯定句;anything任何东西。根据“Jerry doesn’t know”可知,杰瑞在新学校里一个人也不认识,not...anyone“没有人”,故选A。
2.Did you go fishing with ________ yesterday?
A.someone B.anyone C.no one D.everyone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你昨天和谁一起去钓鱼了吗?考查代词辨析。someone某人,常用于肯定句中;anyone任何人,常用于否定句和疑问句中;no one没有人;everyone所有人。根据“Did you go fishing with...”可知是和某人去钓鱼,在疑问句中用anyone。故选B。
【写作佳句】
(2020·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Children, follow your heart and never let anyone steal your dreams.孩子们,遵循你们的心,不要让任何人偷了你们的梦想。
考点3 anywhere副词,意为"在任何地方,什么地方"。
[教材原句]Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? 噢,你去什么有趣的地方了吗?
anywhere副词,意为"在任何地方,什么地方"。
☞ I can’t see it anywhere. 我哪儿也见不到它。
【易混辨析】 anywhere, somewhere, everywhere与nowhere
anywhere
意为"在任何地方"。常用于否定句和疑问句中。
somewhere
意为"在某处",常用于肯定句。
everywhere
意为"到处;各个地方",相当于here and there。
nowhere
意为"无处,哪里都不",表示否定意义。
☞ Are you going anywhere tonight? 今晚你要去什么地方吗?
☞ I think I saw it somewhere. 我想我在某个地方见过它。
☞ —Where did you go when you were living in that city? 当你在那座城市住的时候,你都去哪儿了?
—Everywhere. 哪儿都去了。
【注意】
当形容词修饰anywhere,somewhere或nowhere等词时,形容词要后置。
☞ We went somewhere beautiful yesterday. 昨天我们去了一个美丽的地方。
【经典练】
1.—Did you go ______ interesting last summer holiday?
—Yes, I went to Jiuzhaigou with my father.
A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——去年暑假你去了什么有趣的地方吗?——是的,我和爸爸一起去了九寨沟。考查复合不定副词。everywhere到处;anywhere任何地方,(用于疑问句和条件从句)某个地方;somewhere在某处,某个地方;nowhere无处,哪里都不。根据“Did you go…interesting last summer holiday?”可知,本句是一般疑问句。根据“I went to Jiuzhaigou with my father.”可知,我和爸爸一起去了九寨沟。所以问句是在询问“某个有趣的地方”,所以用anywhere。故选B。
2.—David lost his key ________ between the playground and the classroom.
—Let’s help him find it!
A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——David把他的钥匙弄丢在操场和教室之间的某个地方了。——让我们一起帮他找到钥匙吧!考查副词辨析。everywhere到处;anywhere在任何地方;somewhere在某处。根据“David lost his key...between the playground and the classroom.”可知,somewhere符合语境,表示钥匙丢在了操场和教室之间的某个地方。故选C。
【写作佳句】(2021·云南·中考真题I can’t find my math book anywhere . 我到处都找不到我的数学书。
考点4 wonderful"精彩的;绝妙的;令人高兴的"
[教材原句] It was wonderful! 太棒了!
wonderful形容词,可作表语或定语,意为"精彩的;绝妙的;令人高兴的"。
☞ We had a wonderful time last night. 我们昨晚过得非常愉快。
☞ It’s wonderful to see you again! 再次见到你真叫人高兴!
【拓展】
口语中表达"太好/棒了!"我们还可用That’s good! 或That’s great!等。
【经典练】
1.__________ wonderful game it is! We all like it.
A.What B.How C.What a D.What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:多么精彩的比赛啊!我们都喜欢。考查感叹句。此句是感叹句,中心词是game,可数名词单数,用what引导,且wonderful以辅音音素开头,用a修饰。故选C。
2.—It’s reported that Facial Recognition (人脸识别) may change the way of payment.
—That sounds _________.
A.bad B.strange C.wonderful D.boring
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——据报道,人脸识别可能会改变支付方式。 ——听起来不错。
考查形容词辨析。bad坏的;strange奇怪的;wonderful极好的;boring无聊的。根据“It’s reported that Facial Recognition may change the way of payment.”可知,人脸识别技术可能改变支付方式,这是令人惊叹的进步,听起来非常好。故选C。
【写作佳句】
(2021·四川凉山·中考真题)It’s so wonderful that I want to watch it a second time.它太精彩了,我想再看一遍。
考点5. few adj&pron. 不多;很少
5.We took a few photos there.我们在那里拍了很多照片。
【用法详解】重点:quite a few意为“相当多;不少”,相当于many,修饰可数名词复数。
Eg.Quite a few students took part in the sports meeting held in our school.很多学生参加了在我们学校举办的运动会。
【拓展】quite a little也表示“相当多;不少”,但它相当于much,修饰不可数名词
Eg.We have quite a little bread for breakfast.我们有相当多的面包作早餐。
易混辨析
few, a few,little 与a little的用法区别
易混词(短语)用法 含义
few
a few
修饰可数名词复数形式
表示否定意义,意为"几乎没有"。
表示肯定意义,意为"一些"。
little
修饰不可数名词
表示否定意义,意为"几乎没有"。
a little
表示肯定意义,意为"一点"。
【拓展】
(1)take photos意为"拍照;照相",take a photo/photos of sb/sth意为"给某人/某物拍照"。
☞ We took many photos on the Great Wall. 我们在长城上拍了很多照片。
(2)quite a few意为"相当多;不少",修饰可数名词复数,quite a few多用于口语中,相当于many,其后的谓语动词用复数。
☞ Quite a few students go to school by bike. 相当多的学生骑自行车上学。
【经典练】
1.There is _________ of room for improvement in his work, keep on working hard.
A.a lot B.lot of C.plenty of D.a few
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——他的工作还有许多提升空间,继续努力工作。考查形容词短语。a lot许多;lot of错误写法;plenty of大量;a few一些,修饰可数名词。根据横线后有of,所以排除CD。故选A。
2.Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have only _______ time left.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
【答案】C
【详解】句意:快点,孩子们!校车来了。我们剩下的时间不多了。考查代词辨析。few很少,修饰可数名词复数;a few一些,修饰可数名词复数;little少得几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little一点点,修饰不可数名词。根据“time”是不可数名词可知,应用little/a little修饰;再根据“Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming.”可知,校车来了,所剩时间不多了,表达否定含义应用little。故选C。
【写作佳句】
Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. I hope to visit it next year.巴黎是世界最漂亮的城市之一。我希望明年去参观巴黎。
考点6.most of the time大部分时间
[教材原句]6.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书、休息。
常见用法
①most作形容词时,修饰可数名词复数形式或不可数名词。
Most students in my class like music.我班里的大多数学生都喜欢音乐。
②most作副调时,意为"最",可以修饰动词,比如like sth.most(最喜欢某物);也可放在部分发音为两个音节或两个以上音节的形容词或副词前,构成该词的最高极形式,如 tho most interesting(最有趣的)。
③most作代调时,后面可以跟of连用,most of..表示.申的大部分",其构成主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于most of后的名词的数。
.He has a lot of free time and he spends most of it in the garden.他有很多空闲时间,他把其中大部分的时间都花在了花园上。
Most of the milk goes bad.大部分牛奶都变质了。
【拓展】
(1)most of... 意为"……中的大多数",它作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于most of后的名词或者代词。
☞ Most of us are going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。
☞ Most of the food goes bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。
(2)most用作形容词,意为"大多数的;大部分的"。
☞ Most children like playing football very much. 大部分的孩子都非常喜欢踢足球。
【经典练】
1.To our surprise, the social worker paid ________ money for ________ sweets.
A.the most; the least B.the most; the fewest
C.the fewest; the most D.the least; the fewest
【答案】B
【详解】句意:令我们惊讶的是,这位社会工作者为最少的糖果支付了最多的钱。考查形容词辨析。the most“最多”,修饰不可数或可数名词复数;the fewest“最少的”,修饰可数名词复数;the least“最少的”,修饰不可数名词。money是不可数名词,sweets是复数,故排除A与C选项;根据“To our surprise, the social worker paid ... money for ... sweets.”可知,为最少的糖果支付了最多的钱,这是令人惊讶的。故选B。
【写作佳句】
She is so hard-working that she did the most exercises and made the fewest mistakes of all the students.她是如此勤奋,她做的练习最多,犯的错误最少。
考点7. anything
[教材原句] Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗?
(1)anything不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。
☞ Do you want anything from me? 你想从我这里要些什么吗?
☞ I can’t want anything about it. 对此我没什么可说的。
注意:anything表示“任何事,任何东西”时,用于肯定句中。
☞ You can ask me anything you want to know. 你可以问我你想知道的任何事情。
(2)anything special意为“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时应后置。
☞ Is there anything new in this book? 这本书里有新的内容吗?
【经典练】
1.What he said is ________ but practical since ________ depends on “if”.
A.anything; everything B.nothing; everything
C.everything; anything D.none; everything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他说的话一点也不实际,因为一切都取决于“如果”。考查代词。anything任何事;everything一切;nothing没什么;none没有一个。anything but“一点也不”,根据“What he said is…but practical”可知,他说的话一点也不实际,原因是“一切”都取决于假设,故选A。
2.It’s a pity that I can’t find important or useful in today’s newspaper.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:很遗憾,我在今天的报纸上找不到任何重要或有用的东西。考查代词词义辨析。something某事物;anything任何事物;everything所有事物;nothing没有什么。根据“It’s a pity”及“I can’t find”可知,此处是指在今天的报纸上找不到任何重要或有用的东西。故选B。
【写作佳句】
(2020·北京·统考中考真题)Without accumulating, we can hardly achieve anything. 没有积累我们几乎什么都做不到。
考点8. taste
3. Everything tasted really good! 所有的食物尝起来都很好吃!
【用法详解】taste为感官动词,在此处作系动词,后接形容词作表语,不用于进行时。(感官动词+adj)
【拓展】“五个感官动词”:
【经典练】
1.—Linda, don’t drink too much cola.
—OK, Mum. But it ________ good.
A.looks B.smells C.tastes D.sounds
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——琳达,不要喝太多可乐。——好的,妈妈。但是它尝起来很好。
考查动词辨析。looks看起来;smells闻起来;tastes尝起来;sounds听起来。根据“don’t drink too much cola.”以及“good”可知,设空处指的是可乐尝起来味道好。故选C。
2.It _______ chocolate ice cream, but it doesn’t ______ sweet.
A.looks, taste B.looks like, taste C.looks, taste like D.looks like, taste like
【答案】B
【详解】句意:它看起来像巧克力冰淇淋,但尝起来不甜。考查动词短语和感官动词。looks看起来;taste尝起来;looks like看起来像;taste like尝起来像。根据“chocolate ice cream”可知,第一空指看起来像巧克力冰淇淋,用looks like;再根据“sweet”为形容词可知,第二空应用感官动词taste,表示“尝起来是甜的”。故选B。
【写作佳句】It smells nice and tastes delicious.闻起来很香,尝起来很好吃。
考点9.How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?
【用法详解】How do you like ...?意为“你觉得……怎么样?”,用于询问对方的观点或看法。
How do you like ... ? = What do you think of ...?
Eg.—How do you like this new movies? = What do you think of this new movies?你觉得这部新电影怎么样?
—It’s wonderful!非常棒!
【经典练】
1.— Welcome to our city. How do you like it so far?
— It’s great.
A.What’s the price of B.What do you think of
C.What’s it made of D.Why do you like it
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——欢迎来到我们的城市。到目前为止你觉得怎么样?——它很棒。考查同义句替换。What’s the price of价格是多少;What do you think of你觉得怎么样;What’s it made of它是什么做的;Why do you like it你为什么喜欢它。根据“It’s great.”可知,问句是问对这个城市的评价;How do you like与What do you think of同义。故选B。
考点10. myself pron. 我自己;我本人
反身代词的常见用法:
(1)反身代词作宾语,表示主语和宾语为同一个人或事物。
☞ He bought himself a book. 他给自己买了一本书。
(2)反身代词作同位语,起强调作用。
☞ I myself repaired the bike. 我自己修的自行车。
(3)含反身代词的常用词组:
teach oneself 自学 learn...by oneself 自学……
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快 by oneself独自
help oneself to...为(自己)取用……
【知识拓展】
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
herself/himself/itself
themselves
【经典练】
1.Katie and I enjoyed ________ at the school food festival last Saturday.
A.myself B.herself
C.yourselves D.ourselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:上周六,凯蒂和我在学校的美食节上玩得很开心。考查反身代词。myself我自己;herself她自己;yourselves你们自己;ourselves我们自己。根据主语是Katie and I(凯蒂和我)可知,此处是我们玩得开心,enjoy oneself玩得开心,此处用we的反身代词ourselves。故选D。
2.Mr. Smith isn’t worried about his five-year-old daughter—Jill can look after ________ very well.
A.himself B.herself C.yourself D.myself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:史密斯先生不担心他五岁的女儿——吉尔能照顾好自己。考查反身代词。himself他自己;herself她自己;yourself你自己;myself我自己。根据“five-year-old daughter”可知,吉尔是女孩,应用herself。故选B。
【写作佳句】(2022·四川凉山·中考真题)Nobody taught the old man how to play with Tik Tok. He taught himself.没人教老人怎么玩抖音。他自学的。
考点11. no one意为"没有人",与nobody同义
☞ There is no one/nobody in the classroom now. 现在教室里没有人。
☞ Everyone wants to be a hero, but no one wants to die. 人人都想当一名英雄,但没有人想死。
【易混辨析】 no one,none与nothing
no one
只能用于指人,不能与of连用。作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。可表示"没有人",一般用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句。
No one wants to go shopping. 没有一个人想去购物。
none
表示"没有一个"。既可指人,也可指物。其后可接of短语,"none of+可数名词复数"作主语时谓语动词用单、复数皆可。可指数量上"一个也没有",一般用来回答how many/much引导的特殊疑问句。
None of these pens work/works. 这些钢笔没有一支能用。
nothing
只能用于指物,作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。可用来回答what 引导的特殊疑问句及含anything的一般疑问句。
—What is in the box? 箱子里有 什么?
—Nothing. 什么东西也没有。
【经典练】
1.(2020·湖北·中考真题)—Although these were good students, ______________ of them had a score above 60.
—I can’t believe it!
A.none B.no one C.some D.all
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——虽然这些都是好学生,但他们的分数都没有超过60分。——我真不敢相信!考查不定代词。none没有一个,强调数量,常与of连接;no one没有人;some一些;all所有,三者或三者以上都。题中Although引导让步状语从句,由此可推出此处是说尽管是好学生,但都没超过60分,表示否定含义,排除CD;此处强调没有一个,用none而不用no one,排除B。故选A。
考点12 feed v. 喂养;给(人或动物)食物
[教材原句] We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs.
☞ The patient can’t feed himself yet. 病人还不能自己进食。
☞ We brought along pieces of old bread and fed the birds. 我们带了几片陈面包来喂鸟。
【拓展】
(1)feed常与介词on搭配构成feed...on... 表示"给……喂……"。
☞ We feed our dogs on fresh meat. 我们用新鲜的肉喂我们的狗。
(2)若表示"把……喂给……",则 使用feed...to...。
【经典练】
1.Mr. Smith ________ the ducks on the farm when I went to visit him.
A.fed B.was feeding C.feeds D.is feeding
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我去拜访史密斯先生时,他正在农场喂鸭子。考查动词时态用法。fed喂养,过去式;was feeding过去进行时;feeds三单形式;is feeding现在进行时。根据“Mr. Smith...the ducks on the farm when I went to visit him.”可知,“喂鸭子”这个动作是“我去拜访他”这个时间正在发生的动作,所以使用过去进行时。故选B。
2.There will be more bamboo in the nature park to __________ the pandas.
A.hurt B.feed C.develop D.catch
【答案】B
【详解】句意:自然公园里将会有更多的竹子来喂养熊猫。考查动词辨析。hurt受伤;feed喂养;develop发展;catch抓住。根据“bamboo”可知,竹子是给熊猫吃的,故选B。
【写作佳句】(2022·贵州黔西·中考真题)I’m also interested in the show of sea-lion feeding. I want to learn how they feed the sea lions.我还对海狮喂食表演感兴趣。我想知道他们是如何喂养海狮的。
考点13. seem "好像,似乎"
[教材原句] Still no one seemed to be bored. 虽然如此,似乎没有人觉得无聊。
(1)动词seem的意思是"好像,似乎"。常用的句型:
① 主语+seem+(to be+)表语(多为形容词或名词)。
☞ You seem to be very happy today. 你今天似乎很高兴。
② It seems + that从句。
☞ It seems that it will snow. 看样子天要下雪了。
③ 主语 + seem + 动词不定式。
☞ He seems to know everything. 他好像什么都懂。
④ It seems that…句型往往可转换为sb. seem to do sth.
☞ It seems that she is sleeping. 她好像在睡觉。= She seems to be sleeping.
【经典练】
1.The man seems ________ what has happened, but he says nothing.
A.to know B.to like C.to help
【答案】A
【详解】句意:那人似乎知道发生了什么事,但他什么也没说。考查动词辨析。 know知道;like喜欢;help帮助。根据“The man seems...what has happened, but he says nothing.”可知,此处是指“似乎知道发生了什么事”。故选A。
【写作佳句】(2019·辽宁本溪·中考真题)It seems that a big storm is coming.似乎一场暴风雨即将来临。
考点14.bored意为"厌俗的;烦闷的"
[教材原句] Still no one seemed to be bored. 虽然如此,似乎没有人觉得无聊。
常见用法
bored意为"厌俗的;烦闷的",常用来形容人。
.Mom. can I go home? I get bored around here waiting for you.妈妈,我能回家吗?在这里等你我感觉很烦闷。
【拓展】
以-ed结尾的形容词通常用来形容人的感受,如relaxed, surprised, excited, tired等;以-ing结尾的形容词通常用来形容事物,如relaxing ,surprising, exciting, tiring等。
【经典练】
1.(22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中)—I think life without old friends is ________.
—I agree. We should often visit some of our old friends.
A.a bit boring B.a bit of boring C.a bit bored D.a bit of bored
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我觉得没有老朋友的生活有点无聊。——我同意。我们应该经常去拜访一些老朋友。考查副词和形容词的用法。a bit of一些,少量,后接不可数名词;a bit有点,修饰形容词;boring无聊的,修饰物;bored无聊的,修饰人;根据题目可知,此处是修饰形容词,表达“有点枯燥”,应用a bit修饰,排除B、D选项,又因语境分析,空白处修饰事情“life without old friends”,应用boring。故选A。
2.—Will the little girl get ________ when she stays alone in her bedroom?
—No, she won’t. She will always find something interesting to do.
A.bored B.brave C.honest D.thirsty
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——当小女孩一个人待在卧室里时,她会感到无聊吗?——不,她不会。她总是会找到有趣的事情做。考查形容词辨析。bored无聊的;brave勇敢的;honest诚实的;thirsty口渴的。由“Will the little girl get…when she stays alone in her bedroom”及“She will always find something interesting to do”可知,此处询问她一个人待着会不会无聊。故选A。
考点15. arrive“到达”
[教材原句] I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。
【用法详解】 arrive为不及物动词,后接名词时要加介词,arrive后接地点副词(here,there,home)时不用介词。
arrive at + 小地点(如城镇、机场、火车站等)
arrive in + 大地点(如国家、大城市等)
e.g. They arrived home from Beijing yesterday.
e.g. When I arrived at the station, it was seven o’clock.
e.g. I’ll phone you when I arrive in New York.
【拓展延伸】“三个到达”:arrive at/in + 地点 = get to + 地点 = reach + 地点
►My uncle arrived at my home yesterday.
=My uncle got to my home yesterday.
=My uncle reached my home yesterday.
【经典练】
1.As students, we can’t ________ late for class, and we can’t eat in class.
A.leave B.arrive C.miss D.show
【答案】B
【详解】句意:作为学生,我们上课不能迟到,也不能在课堂上吃东西。考查动词辨析。leave离开;arrive到达;miss错过;show展示。根据“we can’t…late for class”可知是指上课不能迟到,arrive late“迟到”。故选B。
2.He will call you at once as soon as he ________ in Tianjin.
A.arrives B.will arrive C.gets D.will get
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他一到天津就会马上给你打电话。考查动词辨析和时态。arrives到达,三单形式;will arrive将来时;gets到达;will get将来时。空后有介词in,因此是短语arrive in“到达”;as soon as引导的时间状语从句,满足“主将从现”,因此此空用一般现在时,即arrive用三单形式,故选A。
【写作佳句】Nobody knows if he will come. If he arrives here, I’ll call you at once.没有人知道他是否会来。如果他到了这里,我马上给你打电话。
考点16. decide及物动词,意为"决定,决心",
[教材原句] ...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. ……因此我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。
decide及物动词,意为"决定,决心",常见用法有:
(1)decided to do sth意为"决定做某事",其否定形式为decide not to do sth,意为"决定不做某事"。
☞ He decided that he would start out at 6:00 that morning. 他决定那天早晨六点出发。
(2)decide后常跟"疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语。
☞ He cannot decide when to leave. 他不能决定何时动身。
(3)decide后常跟宾语从句。
☞ I can’t decide where I should go. 我不能决定我该去哪儿。
【知识拓展】
① decide也可作不及物动词,decide on sth意为"就某事做决定",后常跟名词、 代词、动词的ing形式作宾语。
☞ Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。
☞ Don’t decide on important matters so quickly. 重要的事情不要匆忙做决定。
② decision为名词,意为"决定"。make a decision意为"做决定",相当于decide。
☞ I made a decision to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。
☞ She decided/made a decision to get good grades. 她决定取得好成绩。
③ decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事。
☞ He decided not to tell his mother the truth. 他决定不告诉他妈妈真相。
④ decide后跟"疑问词+不定式"作其宾语。
☞ I can’t decide what to buy. 我不能决定买什么。
【经典练】
1.—Where will the next Olympic Games be held?
—In Paris, and it’s the International Olympic Committee that can ________ which city will get the chance to hold the games.
A.decide B.mention C.imagine D.research
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——下一届奥运会将在哪里举行?——在巴黎,国际奥委会可以决定哪个城市有机会举办奥运会。考查动词辨析。decide决定;mention提到;imagine想象;research研究。根据“the International Olympic Committee that can...which city will get the chance to hold the games”可知国际奥委会决定哪个城市有机会举办奥运会。故选A。
2.In 2002, Yao Ming decided ________ the NBA draft.
A.entering B.to enter C.enter D.entered
【答案】B
【详解】句意:2002年,姚明决定参加NBA选秀。考查动词不定式。“decide to do sth”表示“决定做什么”,此处缺动词不定式作宾语,故选B。
【写作佳句】
(2022·安徽·中考真题)—You can decide between joining the dancing club and going to the 你可以决定参加舞蹈俱乐部还是国际象棋俱乐部。
考点17. try v.& n。尝试;设法;努力
[教材原句] My sister and I tried paragliding.我如姐和我尝试了滑用伞运动。
try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法”。
☞ She is trying my bicycle. 她正在试骑我的自行车。
【易混辨析】try doing sth. 与try to do sth.
try doing sth.“尝试着做某事”,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力
try to do sth. “尽力、设法去做某事”,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出一定的努力设法去完成。
☞The boy tried making a model plane. 这个男孩尝试着制作一个飞机模型。
☞She tried to carry the basket. 她努力提起这个篮子。
【经典练】
1.The TV show is terrible. I ________ it. Let’s go out to play tennis!
A.don’t mind B.can’t try C.can’t stand
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个电视节目太糟糕了。我受不了了。我们出去打网球吧!考查动词辨析。don’t mind不介意;can’t try不能尝试;can’t stand不能忍受。根据“The TV show is terrible”可知电视节目太糟糕了,不能忍受,所以建议去打网球。故选C。
2.Our teacher encourages us ________ it again.
A.try B.keep C.having D.to try
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们的老师鼓励我们再次尝试。考查动词辨析及非谓语。try尝试;keep保持;having有;to try尝试,不定式。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”,因此此空使用不定式,故选D。
【写作佳句】
(2022·湖北随州·统考中考真题)In a word, let’s try to plan free time well and make our weekends more meaningful.总之,让我们试着好好计划空闲时间,让我们的周末更有意义。
考点18.feel like意为"给……的感觉;感觉像"
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉像一只鸟。
[教材原句] feel like意为"给……的感觉;感觉像",其后常接从句。
【用法详解】feel like 意为“给……的感觉;感觉像”,此处的like为介词,后常接名词或从句。
重点:feel like 还有“想要”的意思,构成固定结构: feel like doing sth 想要做某事
【拓展延伸】 “三个想要”:want to do sth = would like to do sth = feel like doing sth
【经典练】
1.—The movie The Wandering Earth is wonderful. Do you feel like ________ it tonight?
—I’d love to, but my parents won’t let me ________ out too late.
A.watching; to stay B.to watch; stay C.watching; stay
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——电影《流浪地球》很精彩。今晚你想去看吗?——我想去看,但我父母不会让我在外待太晚。考查短语搭配。feel like后加动词ing,表示“想要做某事”,填watching;let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”,let后加动词原形,填stay。故选C。
2.When I am trying paragliding, I feel like ______ in the sky.
A.flying B.to fly C.fly
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当我尝试滑翔伞时,我感觉像在空中飞翔。考查非谓语。flying飞,现在分词;to fly动词不定式;fly飞,动词原形。feel like doing sth“想要做某事”,固定搭配,后面加动名词。故选A。
【写作佳句】
(2023·湖南永州·统考中考真题)If you feel like you don’t have enough time for daily self-care,you aren’t alone.如果你觉得自己没有足够的时间进行日常自我护理,你并不孤独。
考点19.wonder"想知道"
[教材原句] I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。
wonder此处用作及物动词,表示"想知道",相当于want to know。wonder在不同的句式中表达的意思也不同:
(1)后接who,what,why,how等连接词引导的宾语从句及"疑问词+动词不定式"结构:
☞ I wonder how you keep in touch with Tom. 我想知道你是怎样和汤姆保持联系的。
☞ I wonder who that boy is. 我想知道那个男孩是谁.
(2)后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时,表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。
☞ I wonder if I could use your mobile phone. 我不知道是否可以用一下你的手机。
(3)后接that引导的宾语从句以及动词不定式短语时,表示"对……感到惊讶"。
☞ I wonder to hear her voice in the room. 我听到房间传出她的声音,十分惊讶。
【知识拓展】
(1)wonder作名词时,意为"奇迹;奇观"。
☞ What are the seven wonders of the world? 世界七大奇观是什么?
(2)wonderful为形容词,可作表语或定语,意为"精彩的;绝妙的;令人愉快的"。
☞ It’s wonderful to see you again! 再次见到你真叫人高兴!
☞ That’s a wonderful performance. 那是场精彩的表演。
【写作佳句】
1.—I wonder ________, Jack.
—I am making a gift for my mom. Mother’s Day is around the corner.
A.what you are doing B.who you are talking to C.where you are going
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——杰克,我想知道你在做什么。——我在给我妈妈做礼物。母亲节即将来临。考查情景交际。根据答语“I am making a gift for my mom. Mother’s Day is around the corner.”可知,此处问的是我想知道你在做什么。故选A。
2.—What do you think of the movie Hi, Mom?
—________! I’ve seen it three times and it always gives me something to think about.
A.Wonderful B.I can’t stand it C.It’s too boring D.I don’t like it
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你觉得电影《你好,李焕英》怎么样?——太棒了,我已经看过三次了,它总是让我有所思考。考查情景交际。Wonderful很精彩;I can’t stand it我忍受不了;It’s too boring太无聊;I don’t like it我不喜欢它。根据“I’ve seen it three times and it always gives me something to think about.”可知,这部电影很精彩。故选A。
【经典练】
Parents’ words make a big difference to their children’s development.父母的话对孩子的发展有很大的影响。
考点20.difference"差别;差异"
[教材原句] What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大呀!
difference可数名词,意为"差别;差异",也可作不可数名词。其形容词形式为different,意为"不同的;有差异的"。其副词形式为differently,意为"不同地"。
☞ There are many differences between Mary and Jean. 玛丽和琼两人有许多不同点。
☞ He thinks differently; he has a different idea. 他想得不同,他有一个不同的想法。
【知识拓展】
difference常构成短语:
make a difference 有影响;起作用
make no difference 没影响
the difference(s) between...and... ……和……两者间的不同点
【经典练】
1.Are the two pictures the same? I can’t see any _________.
A.surprise B.difference C.service D.height
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这两张照片是一样的吗?我看不出有什么不同。考查名词辨析。surprise惊讶;difference不同;service服务;height高度。根据“Are the two pictures the same? I can’t see any”可知是看不出有什么不同。故选B。
2.The two sisters are almost the same, and I can’t find any________ between them.
A.differences B.problems C.jokes
【答案】A
【详解】句意: 这两姐妹长得几乎一模一样,我找不出她们有什么不同。考查名词辨析。difference差异;problem问题;joke玩笑。根据“The two sisters are almost the same”可知,两姐妹没有什么不同,故选A。
【写作佳句】
I didn’t want to be treated differently from anyone else. 我不想被区别对待。
考点21.wait v. 等待;等候
[教材原句] We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.我们等了一个事小时的火车,因为人太多了。
【用法详解】wait
wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物
wait to do sth 等着做某事
can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
【易混辨析】too many, too much与much too
too many
“太多”,后跟可数名词复数
I have too many books on the bookshelf.
too much
“太多”,后跟不可数名词
There is too much ice on the road.
much too
“太……”,后跟形容词或副词
It’s much too cold outside.
【经典练】
1.—This cartoon is very funny.
—Yes. I can’t help ________ when I watch it, and I can’t wait ________ it again.
A.laughing; waiting B.laugh; watching
C.to laugh; to watch D.laughing; to watch
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这个卡通很有趣。——是的。我看的时候抑制不住地笑,我迫不及待再看一次了。考查动词短语。短语can’t help doing sth意思为“情不自禁做某事,抑制不住做某事”,故第一空应填laughing;短语can’ wait to do sth意思为“迫不及待做某事”,故第二空应填to wait。故选D。
2.—Remember the first time we met, Grace?
—Yes, of course. You ________ for a bus at that time.
A.am waiting B.were waiting C.will wait D.have waited
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——还记得我们第一次见面吗,格蕾丝?——是的,当然。你当时正在等公共汽车。
考查时态。根据“Remember the first time we met”和“at that time”可知,此处表示过去某一时间正在做的事情,应用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”,主语为You,be动词用were,故选B。
【写作佳句】
(2023·浙江杭州·统考中考真题)I am so glad to receive your email. I can’t wait to see you, too.我很高兴收到你的邮件,我也迫不及待的想见你。
考点22.because of短语介词,意为"因为,由于"
[教材原句] And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的天气,底下的东西我们什么也看不到。
because of短语介词,意为"因为,由于",其后可接名词、代词或名词性成分。
☞ He walked slowly because of the bad weather. 他因为恶劣的天气而行走缓慢。
【易混辨析】 because of与because
because of
短语介词,后可接名词、代词或名词性成分
We didn’t get there in time because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨,我们没有及时到那儿。
because
连词,意为"因为",引导状语从句,表明直接、明确的原因或理由
We didn’t get there in time because it rained heavily. 由于大雨,我们没有及时到那儿。
【经典练】
1.He was sentenced to death ________ what he had stolen from the bank.
A.that B.since C.because D.because of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他因偷银行的钱而被判处死刑。
考查词义辨析。that无实际含义;since自从;because因为,后加句子;because of因为,后加名词、代词、动名词等。“what he had stolen from the bank”是“He was sentenced to death”的原因,且“what he had stolen from the bank”相当于一个名词,故选D。
【写作佳句】
(2023·山东枣庄·统考中考真题)Paper cuttings are popular because of their expressions of good luck and wishes.剪纸之所以受欢迎,是因为它们表达了好运和愿望。
考点23.enough adj. 充足的;足够的 adv. 足够地;充足地
[教材原句] My father didn't bring enough money::我爸爸没有带足够的钱
【用法详解】enough意为“足够的”,既可作形容词也可作副词名前形副后
enough+名词
形容词/副词+enough
足够的钱 enough money
足够漂亮 beautiful enough
重点:
【经典练】
1.—Mum, could I join the Summer Camp?
—Of course. You are ________ to decide things by yourself.
A.too old B.too young C.old enough D.enough old
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我可以参加夏令营吗?——当然。你已经长大了,可以自己做决定了。考查enough用法。too…to太……而不能;old老的;young年轻的;enough足够的。enough放在形容词后,排除D;根据“Of course.”可知,“我”年龄足够大。可以自己做决定了,故选C。
2.(2018·甘肃天水·中考真题)His joke is ________ to make us all ________.
A.enough funny; laugh B.funny enough; laugh
C.enough funny; to laugh D.funny enough; to laugh
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他的笑话十分搞笑,使我们大家都笑了起来。
考查副词和非谓语动词的用法。enough在这里用作副词,意为“足够地”,可修饰形容词或副词,要放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后,故第一个空用funny enough;使役动词make后跟省略to的动词不定式,在句中作宾语补足语,即make sb. do sth.,意为“让某人做某事”,故第二个空用laugh。故选B。
【写作佳句】
Now I don' t need to get up so early that I can have enough sleep.现在我不需要起的如此早,以致于我有足够的睡眠。
考点24.find out 查明;弄清
【易混辨析】 look for,find与find out
look for
"寻找",强调寻找的过程,但不一定能找到。
He began to look for a new job immediately after he was fired. 他被解雇后立即开始寻找一份新工作。
To look for a needle in a haystack. 大海捞针。
find
"发现,找到",强调结果,通常指偶然发现。
I’m looking for my key, but I can’t find it. 我正在找我的钥匙,但是我找不到它。
find out
"查明,找出",经过一番努力最终找到,具有目的性。
Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。
【经典练】
1.(2021·山东滨州·统考中考真题)Pan Jianwei has become a famous scientist. When he was a child, he liked to ______ how things worked.
A.set out B.find out C.leave out D.bring out
【答案】B
【详解】句意:潘建伟已经成为一位著名的科学家。当他还是个孩子的时候,他喜欢了解事物是如何运作的。考查动词短语。set out出发,开始;find out找出,弄清;leave out遗漏;bring out激发,使显示。根据“Pan Jianwei has become a famous scientist.”可推出是喜欢弄清楚事物是如何运作的。故选B。
【写作佳句】
I think it’s necessary for me to find out my strengths and weaknesses at the end of this term.我认为我有必要在这学期结束时找出自己的优点和缺点。(2019·江苏南通·中考真题)
25.What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异真大呀!
【用法详解】difference可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词,形容词形式为 different .
make a difference表示“产生影响;起作用”
【拓展延伸】
一.语法精讲——一般过去时
思维导图
(一)一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。其结构为:
a. 主系表 主语+was/were+其他.
b. 主谓宾 主语+谓语动词(过去式)+宾语.
☞ —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么?
—I went swimming. 我去游泳了。
☞ When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。
1. 一般过去时的基本结构
①实义动词
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
☞ I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。
否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。
☞ I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。
一般疑问句及其回答:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t / did not.
☞ —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗?
—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没去。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?
☞ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了?
—I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。
② be 动词
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他.
☞ I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
否定句:主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他.
☞ I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。
一般疑问句及其回答:Were/Was + 主语 + 其他?
☞ —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗?
—Yes, I was. / No,I wasn’t. 是的,我在家。/ 不,我不在家。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他?
☞ —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪?
—I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
2. 一般过去时的构成
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-ed
wash→washed help→helped
以不发音的字母e结尾
加-d
hope→hoped like→liked
以辅音字母+ y结尾
变y为i,再加-ed
carry→carried study→studied
结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词
双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed
stop→stopped plan→planned
3. 如何判定一般过去时
(1)通过句子中是否有表示过去的时间状语来判定。
① 介词+表示过去时间的年、月、日,如in 1983等。
② yesterday以及由yesterday构成的短语:yesterday morning/afternoon/evening,the day before yesterday。
③ 带有ago的短语,如three days ago,five years ago。
④ last构成的短语,如last week/year/month等。
⑤ 表示过去的词或短语,如once,at that time,just now等。
(2)若找不到明显的时间状语,则通过上下文判断。
☞ —Where did you go? 你去哪儿了?
—I went to Beijing. 我去北京了。
(3)两个或两个以上动词用and连接时,若前一个动词为过去式,后面的动词也要用其过去式。
☞ I turned on the TV, sat down and watched the program. 我打开了电视,坐下来看节目。
4. 肯定句如何变为否定句
(1)含有系动词was,were→直接在其后加not。
(2)含有情态动词could等时→直接在其后加not。
(3)含有实义动词→在该动词前加did not/didn’t,并且该动词变为原形。
5. 陈述句如何变一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
(1)若句中有be动词或情态动词,则把它们移到句首。
(2)若句中是行为动词,则在句首加Did,谓语动词改为原形。
(3)特殊疑问句则需在一般疑问句基础上加上特殊疑问词。
一般过去时
肯定句的过去式,规则动词加-ed,不规则的必须记。
否定形式疑问句,没有be加did。
如把did加在前,动词也要还原形。
(二)不定代词的用法
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
在本单元中,主要出现的不定代词为由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,因此主要详细讲解这一部分不定代词的用法,在这些复合不定代词中,除no one以外,其他都要写成一个词。
1. 复合不定代词有:
物
something 某物
anything 任何事物
nothing 无物
everything 每一件事
人
somebody
someone
某人
anybody
anyone
任何人
nobody
no one
没有人
everybody
everyone
每人
【注意】
由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
2. 复合不定代词的定语
(1)形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词时,要位于不定代词或不定副词之后,作后置定语。
☞ Last night, I saw someone strange lying on the ground near my home. 昨晚在我家附近,我看见一个陌生人躺在地上。
Many people like to go somewhere interesting to have a vacation. 许多人喜欢去有趣的地方度假。
(2)复合不定代词与动词不定式连用,不定式作后置定语。
☞ Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗?
3. 复合不定代词的属格
1. 含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-’s属格形式。
☞ Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 大家的事情没人管。
☞ Is this anybody’s seat? 这儿有人坐吗?
2. 含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时,-’s属格应加在else之后。
☞ Can you remember someone else’s name? 你还记得其他人的姓名吗?
3. 含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-’s属格形式。
4. 复合不定代词的数
复合不定代词都具有单数的含义,因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
☞ Is everyone here today? 今天,大家都到齐了吗?
☞ Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。
5. 复合不定代词的否定
1. not every-表示的是部分否定,意为"并非都,不都"。
☞ Not everything will go well. 并非一切都会那么顺利。
☞ The teacher didn’t call everyone’s name. 老师并没有点所有人的名字。
2. not any-和no-均表示全否定。
☞ He listened, but heard nothing. 他听了听,但什么也没听到。
= He listened, but didn’t hear anything.
☞ You haven’t called anyone/anybody up, have you?
你没给谁打过电话,是吗?
= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?
巧学不定代词
不定代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏;
单数动词作谓语,何时何地都一样。
2. “三步五要素法”写游记
话题分析
本单元主要话题是节日与假期,与本单元相关的写作题目可以与节假日里的旅游相结合。命题内容以游览为主,根据提示记叙在节假日里旅游的大致情况。写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及事态的运用。
内容一般从以下几方面着手:
1. Where did you go?
2. How was the weather?
3. What did you do?
4. How was the food?
5. How was the people?
6. How did you feel about the trip?
写作步骤
◆ 步骤一:在第一行写明日期(年月日与星期)和天气等信息。
◆ 步骤二:正文用一般过去时态描述当天发生的事情。
◆ 步骤三:在日记的最后描述自己的感受和体会。
例题:
去年寒假,你到北京的爷爷家度假,玩得很开心。请根据提示(提示词必须都用上)展开合理想象, 写一篇短文,叙述你在北京的寒假活动,与大家分享。80词左右。
提示词:winter vacation Tian'anmen Square the Palace Museum a Beijing hutong Beijing duck
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路导航】
时态:以过去时态为主;人称:第一人称。
【佳作展示】
Beijing is the capital of China and it is in the north of China. There are many places of interest there. A lot of people come to visit Beijing every year. I have been to Beijing many times. I have done many things there. Last winter vacation, I visited my grandfather in Beijing. I climbed the Great Wall and went to the Tian'anmen Square. I visited the Palace Museum but I didn't visit the Summer Palace. I enjoyed the Beijing opera and ate Beijing duck. I liked to walk with my grandfather at the Beijing hutong. I had conversation with foreigners and I took lots of photos. I felt tired but very happy. It was an interesting experience. I had a good time there.
【名师点评】
【高分句型一】
There are many places of interest there. 那里有很多名胜。句型:There be…… place of interest名胜
【高分句型二】
I have been to Beijing many times我去过北京很多次。Have been to Sp.去过了某地。
【亮点短语】
place of interest名胜;have a good time 玩得开心;walk with sb.与某人散步;conversation with sb.与某人聊天;take photos拍照。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
17. over an hour 一个多小时 18. too many people 太多的人
19. get to the top 到达顶部 20. because of the bad weather 因为不好的天气
21. one bowl of fish 一碗鱼肉 22. another two hours 另外两个小时
23. the top of the hill 山顶 24. learn something important 学习重要的东西
25. go to the countryside 去乡下 26. in the shopping center 在购物中心
27. have a fun time 玩得高兴;过得愉快 28. after three hours 三个小时以后
29. keep going 一直走 30. twenty minutes later 20分钟后
用法集萃
1. seem +adj.= seem to be +adj. 好像… ; seem to do sth. 似乎要做某事
2. decide to do sth. 决定做某事;decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事
3. try 的用法。
1) have a try 试一试 2) try to do sth. 努力/ 设法做某事
3) try doing sth. 尝试着做某事 4) try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。
4. feel like给…的感觉;感受到;想要 feel like doing sth.=would like / want to do sth.想要做某事
5. too many+可数名词复数 too much +不可数名词 太多
6. bored厌倦的;烦闷的, boring 无聊的;无趣的
区别: bored是感觉无聊,boring是令人感觉无聊;bored 主语是人,boring 主语一般是物; bored 只能作表语,boring 能作表语,定语。
7. 表示到达的词语。 get to + 某地。 arrive at + 小地方(车站、码头,学校、单位、家庭、小城镇等),arrive in + 大地方( 国家,城市等).特别提示:当arrive at / in ; get to 跟 there, here, home 等副词时,要去掉介词 at / in , to get home / there / here, arrive home / there / here
When did you arrive at our school? He arrived in Beijing yesterday.
8. because 表“因为”引导原因状语从句 , so 表“所以”引导结果状语从句,两者不能同时出现在同一句中,但是两者可互换。because 与because of 的用法。because 是连词后跟一个完整的句子,构成原因状语从句。because of 其后接名词、代词、动名词。有时两者可互换。
9. enough 的用法。1)做形容词“足够的;充足的”,修饰名词,可位于名词前、后,但常位于名词之前。enough money , enough time. 2) 做副词“足够”,修饰形容词或副词,常位于形容词或副词之后。
典句必背
1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的?
2. Long time no see.好久不见。
3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗?
4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
5. I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。
6. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。
7. How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?
8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
10. …but many of the old buildings are still there .… 但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
并且因为糟糕的天气,我们看不见下面的任何东西。
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!15
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$