13.必修第三册Unit 2-2025年高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019)

2025高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019) 必修第三册Unit 2 I.词汇默写 Ⅰ. 核心单词 1. ____________________ 　　　 n. 高尚的道德; 美德; 优秀品质 2. ____________________ adj. 珍稀的; 宝贵的 3. ____________________ vt. 照顾; 照料vi. 倾向; 趋于 4. ____________________ vt. 聘任; 雇用; 租用n. 租借; 租用 5. ____________________ n. 同事; 同僚 6. ____________________ n. 十年; 十年期 7. ____________________ adj. 精力充沛的; 充满活力的 8. ____________________ vt. 接替; 取代; 更换 9. ____________________ n. 事故; 车祸; 失事 10. ____________________ n. 记忆力; 回忆 11. ____________________ vi. &vt. 悄声说; 耳语; 低语 n. 耳语(声); 低语(声); 传言; 谣传 12. ____________________ adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的; 锋利的; 明显的 13. ____________________ adj. 灵活的; 可变通的 14. ____________________ adv. 因此; 所以 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. moral adj. 道德的; 道义上的→____________________ adv. 道义上; 道德上→ ____________________ adj. 不道德的; 邪恶的 2. precious adj. 珍稀的; 宝贵的→ ____________________ adv. 过分讲究地; 昂贵地 3. marry v. (和某人)结婚; 嫁; 娶→ ____________________ adj. 已婚的→____________________ n. 结婚; 婚姻 4. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的→ ____________________ n. 大部分; 大多数 5. complain v. 抱怨; 埋怨; 发牢骚→ ____________________ n. 不满的原因; 抱怨; 埋怨 6. respond v. 回答; 回应→ ____________________ n. 回答; 答复 7. appoint v. 任命; 委任; 安排→ ____________________ n. 约会; 约定; 任命→ ____________________ adj. 被任命的 8. tense adj. 神经紧张的; 担心的→ ____________________ n. 紧张 9. retire v. (使)退休→ ____________________ adj. 已退休的→____________________ n. 退休 10. scare v. 使惊吓; 使害怕→ ____________________ adj. 吓人的 → ____________________ adj. 害怕的 III.核心短语 1. ____________________ 道德困境  2. ____________________ 易于做某事; 往往会发生某事  3. ____________________ 含着泪; 流着泪  4. ____________________ 被……绊倒  5. ____________________ 帮助某人渡过难关  6. ____________________ 帮助某人脱离(困境)  7. ____________________ 作为对……的纪念  8. ____________________ 处于绝望中  9. ____________________ 大量  10. ____________________ 去世  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: 比较级与否定词连用, 表示最高级 To a person ____________________ (生命是最宝贵的).   2. 句型公式: 名词前有序数词修饰, 多用不定式作后置定语。 She immediately ____________________ (成为第一位被雇用的女性) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.   3. 句型公式: sb. be seen doing sth. 某人被看见正在做某事 At times she ____________________ (有人看到她骑着毛驴) to faraway villages to provide medical care.   4. 句型公式: not. . . until. . . 直到……才 Dr Lin ____________________ (直到她死去的那一天才退休), 22 April 1983.   参考答案 Ⅰ. 核心单词 1. virtue 　　　 n. 高尚的道德; 美德; 优秀品质 2. precious adj. 珍稀的; 宝贵的 3. tend vt. 照顾; 照料vi. 倾向; 趋于 4. hire vt. 聘任; 雇用; 租用n. 租借; 租用 5. colleague n. 同事; 同僚 6. decade n. 十年; 十年期 7. energetic adj. 精力充沛的; 充满活力的 8. replace vt. 接替; 取代; 更换 9. accident n. 事故; 车祸; 失事 10. memory n. 记忆力; 回忆 11. whisper vi. &vt. 悄声说; 耳语; 低语 n. 耳语(声); 低语(声); 传言; 谣传 12. sharp adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的; 锋利的; 明显的 13. flexible adj. 灵活的; 可变通的 14. therefore adv. 因此; 所以 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. moral adj. 道德的; 道义上的→morally adv. 道义上; 道德上→ immoral adj. 不道德的; 邪恶的 2. precious adj. 珍稀的; 宝贵的→ preciously adv. 过分讲究地; 昂贵地 3. marry v. (和某人)结婚; 嫁; 娶→ married adj. 已婚的→marriage n. 结婚; 婚姻 4. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的→ majority n. 大部分; 大多数 5. complain v. 抱怨; 埋怨; 发牢骚→ complaint n. 不满的原因; 抱怨; 埋怨 6. respond v. 回答; 回应→ response n. 回答; 答复 7. appoint v. 任命; 委任; 安排→ appointment n. 约会; 约定; 任命→ appointed adj. 被任命的 8. tense adj. 神经紧张的; 担心的→ tension n. 紧张 9. retire v. (使)退休→ retired adj. 已退休的→retirement n. 退休 10. scare v. 使惊吓; 使害怕→ scaring adj. 吓人的 → scared adj. 害怕的 III.核心短语 1. moral dilemma 道德困境  2. tend to do sth. 易于做某事; 往往会发生某事  3. in tears 含着泪; 流着泪  4. trip over 被……绊倒  5. carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关  6. help sb. out of 帮助某人脱离(困境)  7. in memory of 作为对……的纪念  8. in despair 处于绝望中  9. a great deal (of) 大量  10. pass away 去世  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: 比较级与否定词连用, 表示最高级 To a person nothing is more precious than their life (生命是最宝贵的).   2. 句型公式: 名词前有序数词修饰, 多用不定式作后置定语。 She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired (成为第一位被雇用的女性) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.   3. 句型公式: sb. be seen doing sth. 某人被看见正在做某事 At times she was even seen riding a donkey (有人看到她骑着毛驴) to faraway villages to provide medical care.   4. 句型公式: not. . . until. . . 直到……才 Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died (直到她死去的那一天才退休), 22 April 1983.   II.综合练习 一、单句填空 1．Do you know the woman (sit) beside the magician (name) Fu Yan-dong? 2．In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, twenty-four emperors lived here (rule) China for nearly 500 years. 3．As second-hand smoking is (harm) and dangerous,people want a total ban against smoking in public. 4．The young man sat on the beach in the sun, (drink) an ice-cold cola. 5．In (respond) to the tourist’s great demand, the park will delay its closing time on weekends. 6．Xiao Li was making a pair of cotton trousers for a (retire) worker. 7．They will hold a party in celebration of her (retire). 8．Most of the time I sat in front of the TV, (watch) sitcoms, talk shows or action films. 9．I was too (scare) to go into the water even though they tried to persuade me several times. 10． (have) a good excuse for being late, she made up one. 11．If you do that, traffic will fall into more natural pattern called a “Zipper merge”, (mean) there are no surprise, no sudden braking, and a smoother transition from one lane to another. 12．He paused for a moment, (recall) the important advice his mentor had given him. 13．The skyscraper (build)is higher than that built last year. 14．Surprisingly, he had a win in the (elect) of the president of the Student Union. 15．The director is worried by the fact that no one has ever been able to clean up (spill) oil in such a bad condition. 16．He stormed into the room, (upset) the flower vase on the table. 17．You can deal with it ( flexible) as you can do. 18．The man lay on the grass, (reflect) on what had happened that day. 19．This is the first time that a woman (appoint) to the post. 20．With time (pass) by, the memory of childhood has faded away. 21．There is mounting (tense) along the border between Russia and Ukraine. 22．I believe you have a (complain) against one of our nurses. 23． (work) on building Lusail Stadium, Chinese engineer Huang Taorui is proud (be) able to contribute to the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. 24．The man said the book (publish) several times by the end of last year. 25． (take) everything into consideration the result is better than expected. 26．My missing for you is like unstopped (flow) water. 27．With spring (approach), nature seems to be awaken from a sound sleep. 28．To our surprise, Mr Lee was (appoint) as manager of the sales department. 29．On social media sites, people tend (post) only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. 30．After Lincoln (elect) President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture. 31．Mr White is a careful and (experience) engineer, so he is often (appoint) to finish some (challenge) tasks.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 32．Old folks and their grandchildren stuck out their heads from windows, (watch) the performance. 33．People can have more chances to find jobs (relate) to tourism. 34． (turn) around, Meng Hao saw a white-haired man who turned out to be his English teacher. 35．The majority of the areas (be) covered by snow now. 36．Now I spend three weeks out of every month travelling and have over 464,000 fans __________ (follow) me online. 37． (consider) your health, you’d better have a rest. 38．I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, (think) it is food. 39．Neither the players nor the coach (experience) that kind of sports so far. 40．His wrote many books, half of which (publish) in 1990s. 41． (gaze) up into his eyes, she seemed to take in all he said. 42．We can’t have people (smoke)in the office but you are permitted to smoke outside. 43．With so many people (communicate) in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 44． (simplify) several times, the poem written by Shakespeare is easy for readers to read. 45．Most of the children (scare) of the horrible movie. 46．The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries (stretch) all the way to the border. 47．If a person gets injured in an accident or has an (operate), it will take him or her a long time to recover from it. 48．Downshifting is popular with 35 to 54-year-olds, 12% of whom are making plans to downshift, 6% (hope) to have done so in the next two years. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 49．She went to live abroad after the break-up of her (marry). 50．Entering the room, I found Mary (sit)at the desk and playing computer games. 51．One of the gave a speech at the ceremony, the company. (represent) 52．   (work) harder, you will make great progress. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 53．China holds about 10% of global wealth. In the last 20 years alone, wealth per adult has quadrupled (成四倍), (leave) fewer than 1% of the population in extreme poverty (贫困). 54．He rushed out of the room as if (meet) some important person. 55．The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood (deliver) food in Bernardsville, New Jersey. 56．Jaws which won many awards was a great success, (attract)huge audiences to sing highly praise on it. 57．With the final exams (approach), the students are busy preparing for them. 58．Her brother complained, (think) of the high tuition fees. 59．I responded I had been working abroad since 1998. 60．But if you conveniently throw it out, wind and run-off carry the waste down the sewer (污水管) and directly to the ocean, (affect) the marine life including the fish. 61．He came out of the spaceship, (smile) and (wave) to the crowds (wait) for him. 62．Once you form the habit of doing exercise in the morning, you will feel (energize) instead of being sleepy. 63．After (appoint) as manager of the company, Tom spared no effort (improve) commercial profits. 64．If we make the same choice as the (major), it will greatly reduce the risk of making wrong choices. 65．In memory the great poet Qu Yuan, families gather to enjoy exciting dragon boat races and delicious zongzi. 66．Jack came (fly) round the corner and bumped straight into me. 67．Merkel (elect) as Germany’s first female chancellor and served for more than a decade. 68．There is increasing (tense) along the border (边界) between the two countries. 69．When (work) for someone, you may not have the power to turn down a project. 70．The teenagers in our town are lively, enthusiastic and (energy). 71． （go） to bed early and rising early is a good habit. 72．My doctor advised me （give） up smoking without delay. 73．If you have any problems, you can turn me for help. 74．When I entered the room, I found him （seat） in an armchair, deep in thought. 75．The only approach to （solve） the problem is to improve the quality of our products. 76．With so many people （focus） their eyes on him, he felt very nervous. 77． （assume） that the work will be finished ahead of time, what should we do next? 78．It is well-known that Beethoven is a （talent） musician. 79．This kind of soil is not suitable growing peanuts. 80．Several （option） are offered to the students. 81．Tlie residents of the town take pride their new library. 82．Please send my （respect） to your family when you write to them. 83．1am beginning to feel embarrassed about my complete （ignore） of world history. 84．A good teacher always suits his lessons the age of his pupils. 85．Mr. Lee moved to New York his twenties with his parents. 86．More and more people were gathering there. He (shoulder) his way through the crowd and rushed into the burning house. 87．No one (nose) the danger before the earthquake. 88．The car couldn’t move forward and (back) through the gate. 89．When I entered his room, I saw him (paper) the wall. 90．He often (oil) the machine to make sure it can perform smoothly. 91．Mum (nurse) me for three weeks after I had my leg broken in a football match. 92．He used to (brother) me and gave me a lot of help. 93．The museum (house) a collection of famous paintings. 94．The dog (mouth) a piece of meat from the butcher’s and ran away quickly. 95．It was this little girl who (finger) the thief yesterday. 96．Soon after, I was on my way to the show, （carry）a fancy black handbag and a happy smile. 97．Adding separate chopsticks and spoons for serving when people dine together is a change of etiquette (礼仪), which allows diners to avoid using their own chopsticks to pick food from the plates, thus (reduce) the chances of spread of many diseases. 98．I (whisper) something to my mother’s ear when my father came in. 99．I am honored to have a speech here, (stand) for my school. 100．Though my grandfather is over seventy, he is very (energy). 101．I told him how (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 102．Most physicists tend the latter opinion. 103．The old woman decided to comfort the man (suffer) great loss.104．The machines will work faster, thus (reduce) our cost. 105． (see) the tennis star leaving the court, the girl quickly picked up her camera and ran over to him. 106．The concert (begin) soon, we have to hurry. 107．We found the house easily with the little boy (lead) the way． 108．A: Harry, you forgot to return my phone call last night! B: Oh, I'm very sorry. I went to sleep (listen)to music. 109．After he (retire) from office, Tom took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest. 110．Why hasn’t the man made a (respond) to my email yet? 111．China’s dynamic zero-COVID policy, (feature) swift response and mass screening, has prevented mass deaths. 112．He seemed a dynamic and (energy) leader. 113． (drive) our own vehicles across the continent of Europe, we went to England to watch a wonderful soccer match. 二、语法填空 1 Jia Sixie, author of China's first agricultural encyclopedia, was one of the leading agronomists (农学家) in Chinese history. In the late years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he wrote Qimin Yaoshu, the 114 (early) and most complete agricultural encyclopedia still in existence in China. Jia Sixie was born in Yidu County in Shandong Province. During his childhood, Jia's family wasn't wealthy, but had 115 rich collection of books. This provided the young Jia with an opportunity: to read ancient Chinese literature 116 (wide) on agriculture. He completed Qimin Yaoshu during the wars, 117 he saw the sufferings of the poor farmers. 118 he firmly believed was that the development of agriculture could help those farmers out. The book, which has 92 chapters in 10 volumes and nearly 120,000 characters, 119 (cover) a wide range of topics and records on production experiences and methods. It includes advice on farming, fishery and sideline occupations. In the book, he emphasized the importance of seed breeding in order to cultivate better 120 (variety). Qimin Yaoshu was first distributed mainly among common people. In the late Tang Dynasty, the book was introduced to Japan. So far, the book 121 (translate) into several languages. Qimin Yaoshu is considered 122 an important summary of farming knowledge. At present, it is still studied by Chinese farmers and students 123 (major) in agriculture. 2 Rachel, 22, from Boston, rescued her father by magically 124 (lift) an SUV from his leg. Adam was repairing his daughter’s brakes when the jacks (千斤顶) keeping the car overhead 125 (fall) down and one of the axles (车轴) landed on his leg. Rachel heard her father’s howls of pain from inside the house and ran to his rescue. Rachel saw that the car, 126 weighs around 2 500kg, was crushing her father’s leg and in order to free 127 (he), she lifted the vehicle with her bare hands. Rachel said she didn’t know 128 she managed to lift the large vehicle from her father’s leg. "I ran out 129 the house and saw him under my car. So I just went and lifted 130 wheel arch to set him free," she said. Doctors and nurses arrived and Adam was rushed to hospital where X-rays 131 (take). He made a lucky escape and came away with just a few 132 (cut). Adam said his daughter was his "hero". She added that she was glad her dad wasn’t 133 (serious) injured and that she was happy she only had a sore back. 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。 As we know, calligraphy is the essence of Chinese traditional culture. When it comes to calligraphy, Chinese people must associate it with Wang Xizhi, 134 Chinese writer and an official who lived during the Eastern Jin dynasty. But he was best known as the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, 135 (tradition) considered to be the Sage of Calligraphy. Wang 136 (refer) to as the greatest Chinese calligrapher in history and is a master of all forms of Chinese calligraphy, especially skilled in Xingshu, 137 features connections between individual characters and slightly shortened forms. All his lifetime he produced a large number of works of calligraphy, but to our regret, up to now, the majority of his original works 138 (destroy) or lost. Of all the powerful works of Wang Xizhi, 139 is most familiar to us is the masterpiece Lantingji Xu. The classic article describes a gathering of forty-two Chinese famous poets and 140 (write) including Xie An and Sun Chuo. And Lantingji Xu is made up 141 324 Chinese characters in 28 lines. It seems 142 (amaze) that the Chinese character zhi (之) appears 17 times, 143 no two characters look the same. 4 At the age of ten, Liu Wei lost both his arms in an accident. Despite this, he wanted 144 (live) life to the full. He learnt 145 (use) his feet for everyday activities, such as eating and brushing his teeth. He also started 146 (swim) and won two gold medals at the National Games for People with Disabilities. When he had to stop 147 (swim) due to health problems, he decided 148 (learn) to play the piano with his toes. It was difficult, but he kept 149 (practice) until he had achieved his goal. In 2010, he won in China’s Got Talent and became famous nationwide. Today, Liu Wei still enjoys 150 (play) music, and his positive attitude is an inspiration to us all. 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Queen Elizabeth II, the UK’s longest-serving monarch, has died at Balmoral aged 96, after reigning for 70 years. She died peacefully on Thursday afternoon at her Scottish estate, 151 she had spent much of the summer. The Queen came to the throne in 1952 and 152 (witness) enormous social changes ever since. Her son King Charles III said the death of his beloved mother was a “moment of great sadness” for him. “We mourn 153 (profound) the passing of a cherished sovereign and a much-loved mother. I know her loss will be deeply felt throughout the country, the realms and the Commonwealth ( 英联邦国家), and by countless people around the world.” The UK began 154 10-day mourning period on Sept 9th. Born in 1926, Elizabeth has experienced the rise of fascism and the fall of the Berlin Wall, World War II, the conquest of space, the global 155 (finance) crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict. She devoted her life to 156 (serve) her country and the Commonwealth and saw 15 British prime ministers come and go. She was a popular queen who was also respected 157 her knowledge of and 158 (participate) in state affairs. The prime ministers who served under her 159 (impress) by her knowledge of state affairs and her passion for work. She is now the past, and her successor, King Charles III, is the future. Where Britain goes from here remains 160 (see). 参考答案 一、 1． sitting named 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你认识坐在魔术师傅琰东旁边的那个女人吗？分析可知，句中谓语是know，空格处用非谓语动词，woman和sit之间是主谓关系，因此第一空用现在分词sitting表主动，作宾语补足语；magician和name之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用过去分词named表被动，作定语，故填sitting，named。 2．ruling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在明清两代，有24位皇帝在这里居住统治中国近500年。根据句中谓语lived可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作伴随状语，并与“twenty-four emperors”形成主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填ruling。 3．harmful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：由于二手烟有害且危险，人们希望在公共场所全面禁止吸烟。此处应用形容词harmful放在is后面，做表语，意为“有害的”，故填harmful。 4．drinking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个年轻人坐在沙滩上晒太阳，喝着冰可乐。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语The young man与drink之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。根据句意，故填drinking。 5．response 【解析】考查名词和介词短语。句意：为了满足游客的巨大需求，公园将延长周末的闭馆时间。in response to 是固定短语，表示“响应，回答”，介词后用名词，故填response。 6．retired 【解析】考查形容词。句意：小李正在给一位退休工人做一条棉裤。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，修饰worker，修饰人，用-ed形式。故填retired。 7．retirement 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们会为了庆祝她退休开一个派对。根据空前形容词性物主代词her可知，空处需要填名词。故填retirement。 8．watching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数时候，我坐在电视机前，看情景喜剧、脱口秀或动作片。分析句子结构可知watch与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填watching。 9．scared 【解析】考查形容词。句意：尽管他们几次试图说服我，但是我太害怕了，不敢下水。 分析句子结构可知，此处要填形容词，在句中作表语，描述人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词scared。故填scared。 10．Not having 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她没有迟到的好借口，就编了一个。分析句子可知，句中made为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处she和have之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语，同时根据句意，此处表示“没有好的借口”使用现在分词的否定结构，并且该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Not having。 11． a meaning 【解析】考查冠词和非谓语动词。句意：如果你这样做，交通将进入一种更自然的模式，称为“拉链合并”，这意味着没有意外，没有突然刹车，从一个车道到另一个车道的过渡更顺利。第一空根据句意可知是表示“一种更自然的模式”，表示泛指，故填不定冠词，且more的发音是辅音音素开头，应填a；第二空分析句子成分可知，句子谓语为will，所以空处需要填非谓语的形式表“意味着”，和逻辑主语（上文句子）为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填a，meaning。 12．recalling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他停顿了一会儿，回忆起他的导师给他的重要建议。recall与主语he是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填recalling。 13．being built 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在建造的摩天大楼比去年建造的那座高。分析句子结构及句意，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，The skyscraper与build之间为被动关系，且动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动语态作后置定语，修饰名词。故填being built。 14．election　 【解析】考查名词。句意：出乎意料的是，他在这次的学生会主席的选举中获胜了。由设空处前的the和设空处后的of可知此处应用名词，election是名词，意为“选举”。故填election。 15．spilled 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：导演担心的是，从来没有人能够在如此恶劣的条件下清理泄漏的石油。分析句子，句中has been为谓语动词，设空处使用使用非谓语动词，spill为动词，意为“洒出”，且oil与spill之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填spilled。 16．upsetting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他冲进房间，打翻了桌上的花瓶。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词upset和逻辑主语He为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填upsetting。 17．flexibly 【解析】考查副词。句意：你可以随心所欲地灵活处理。分析句式结构可知，此处用副词作状语修饰短语deal with。故填flexibly。 18．reflecting 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：那个人躺在草地上，回想着那天发生的事情。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是lay，空格处用非谓语动词，The man和reflect之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填reflecting。 19．has been appointed 【解析】考查时态。句意：这是第一次一名女性被委派那个职位。“It is the first time + 从句”中，从句用现在完成时，从句中主语woman与动词appoint“委派”之间存在被动关系，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填has been appointed。 20．passing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的流逝，童年的记忆也渐渐淡去了。这里为with的复合结构。介词with后宾语time与pass之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填passing。 21．tension 【解析】考查名词。句意：俄罗斯和乌克兰边境的紧张局势日益加剧。此处缺少名词在there be句型中作主语，名词tension表抽象意义，不可数。故填tension。 22．complaint 【解析】考查名词。句意：我认为你对我们的一名护士有投诉。空处应填名词作主语，complaint“投诉，抱怨”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填complaint。 23． Working to be 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国工程师黄陶瑞参与了卢塞尔体育场的建设，他很自豪能够为2022年卡塔尔世界杯做出贡献。分析句子结构可知，第一空在句中作状语，因主语Huang Taorui与work之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处应用现在分词形式；联系句意可知，第二空表示proud的原因，固定搭be proud to do sth.，故用动词不定式作原因状语。故填①Working；②to be。 24．had been published 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这名男子说，截至去年年底，这本书已经被出版了好几次。根据句中said可知，主句使用一般过去时，且结合时间状语by the end of last year可知，宾语从句应用过去完成时，且publish与主语the book之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been published。故填had been published。 25．Taking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：把一切都考虑在内，结果比想象的好。逗号之前是垂悬结构taking everything into consideration=considering everything=given everything“把一切考虑在内”，这是固定结构，不受主语的限制，故填Taking。 26．flowing 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：我对你的思念，就像滔滔不绝的流水。分析句子可知，flow作定语，修饰water，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，flowing“流动的”也是形容词，修饰water作定语，故填flowing。 27．approaching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着春天的临近，大自然似乎从沉睡中醒来。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，spring和approach为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填approaching。 28．appointed 【解析】考查动词。句意：令我们吃惊的是，李先生被任命为销售部经理。主语与appoint构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填appointed。 29．to post 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布让他们看起来快乐和友好的积极更新。动词post意为“发布”，tend to do意为“倾向于做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用to do不定式。故填to post。 30．was elected 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了这所房子，卖掉了大部分家具。根据in 1861可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，且Lincoln与elect“选举”为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Lincoln为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was elected。 31． experienced appointed challenging 【解析】考查形容词和动词。句意：怀特先生是一位细心而经验丰富的工程师，因此他经常被委派去完成一些具有挑战性的任务。第一空应用形容词experienced作定语，修饰名词engineer，表示“有经验的”；第二空appoint和is是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态；第三空应用形容词challenging作定语，修饰名词tasks，表示“具有挑战性的”，故填①experienced②appointed③challenging。 32．watching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：老人和他们的孙辈们从窗户伸出头来观看演出。此处作伴随状语，Old folks and their grandchildren与watch之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词，表主动。故填watching。 33．related/relating 【解析】考查非谓语动词/形容词。句意：人们可以有更多机会找到与旅游业相关的工作。分析句子结构，此处作定语，动词relate与前面名词jobs构成主动关系，用现在分词relating； be related to是固定搭配，意为“与……有关”，related是形容词，可以在句中作定语，修饰jobs。故填related或relating。 34．Turning 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Meng Hao生转过身，看见一个白发男子，原来是他的英语老师。分析句子，句中saw为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处 Meng Hao与turn之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Turning。 35．are 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现在大部分地区都被雪覆盖了。分析句子可知，主语为The majority of the areas，为复数，结合now可知，句子为一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are。 36．following 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我每个月有三周都在外旅行，并且有超过46.4万名粉丝在线关注我。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词fans。该动词和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填following。 37．Considering 【解析】考查介词。句意：考虑到你的健康，你最好休息一下。分析句子可知空格处填入介词considering，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Considering。 38．thinking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物以为塑料垃圾是食物，吃塑料垃圾时，我很难过。分析句子结构，宾语从句已有谓语eat且无连词，此处think为非谓语动词用作伴随状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填thinking。 39．has experienced 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：到目前为止，球员和教练都没有经历过这种运动。根据so far可知，experience“经历”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时；由neither..nor...连接的两个主语可知，谓语应该和the coach保持一致，所以助动词用has。故填has experienced。 40．were published 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他写了很多书，其中一半是在上世纪90年代出版的。此处在定语从句中作谓语，由1990s可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，且定语从句的先行词是books，从句主语half of which，指的是half of the books，为复数，且主语和动词publish是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动，故填were published。 41．Gazing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她抬头望着他的眼睛，似乎听懂了他说的一切。非谓语动词gaze和逻辑主语she之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Gazing。 42．smoking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不允许在办公室里有人吸烟，但你可以在外面吸烟。分析句子可知，smoke作宾语补足语，与宾语people是主动关系，且表动作一直在进行，故用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填smoking。 43．communicating 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天有这么多人用英语交流，我们可以看到学好英语将越来越重要。此处为with的复合结构，people与communicate之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填communicating。 44．Having been simplified 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：莎士比亚的这首诗经过了几次简化，读者很容易读懂。动词simplify表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，且simplify和逻辑主语poem之间是被动关系，故用现在分词完成式的被动语态，句首单词的首字母应大写，故填Having been simplified。 45．are scared 【解析】考查短语和时态。句意：大多数孩子都害怕这部恐怖的电影。结合句意表达“害怕”用be scared of，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are scared。 46．stretching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在吉林和黑龙江设立了东北虎豹国家公园，边界一直延伸到边境。此处boundaries与stretch构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填stretching。 47．operation 【解析】考查名词。句意：一个人如果在事故中受伤或动了手术，这要花费很久恢复健康。根据前文an可知，此处应用名词单数operation作宾语。故填operation。 48．hoping 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：放慢生活节奏在35岁至54岁的人群中很受欢迎，其中12%的人计划放慢生活节奏，6%的人希望在未来两年内这样做。分析句子可知，此处用了独立主格结构，6%是逻辑主语，hope“希望”和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，应用hope的现在分词形式hoping。故填hoping。 49．marriage 【解析】考查名词。句意：她婚姻破裂后到国外生活去了。分析句子可知，of为介词，空处用名词作宾语，动词marry结婚，对应的名词为marriage (婚姻)，根据her可知，此处为名词单数，表示特指的一段婚姻。故填marriage。 50．sitting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：进了房间，我发现玛丽坐在桌边玩电脑游戏。Mary与sit是逻辑上的主动关系，故用所给动词的现在分词形式构成“find sb.doing”结构，意为：发现某人正在做某事，此处现在分词做宾语Mary的补足语。故答案为sitting。 51． representatives representing 【解析】考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：代表公司的代表之一在典礼上发表了讲话。分析句子且根据句意可知，第一空应填represent的名词复数形式representatives作主语，由One of修饰，表示“代表”；句子谓语动词为gave，所以第二空动词represent应用其现在分词形式representing，表示与其逻辑主语One of the representatives之间的主动关系。故填representatives和representing。 52．Working 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：再努力一点，你就会取得很大的进步。句中谓语是will make，空格处用非谓语动词，you和work之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Working。 53．leaving 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国拥有全球约10%的财富。仅在过去的20年里，每个成人的财富翻了两番，使得只有不到1%的人口仍处于贫困之中。此处用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。故填leaving。 54．to meet 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意: 他冲出房间, 好像去见什么重要人物似的。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：as if he were to meet。省略了he were。故填to meet。 55．delivering 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的每个夏天都在新泽西州的伯纳兹维尔运送食物。此题考查spend time (in) doing sth.，意为“花时间做某事”，deliver用动名词形式作宾语。故填delivering。 56．attracting 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：《大白鲨》获得了许多奖项，获得了巨大的成功，吸引了大批观众对它的高度评价。分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个非谓语形式作状语，因为所给动词attract和句子主语Jaws之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词作状语。故填attracting。 57．approaching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着期末考试的临近，学生们都在忙着备考。这里为with的复合结构，with后宾语 the final exams与approach之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。根据句意，故填approaching。 58．thinking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一想到高昂的学费，她的兄弟就会抱怨。分析句子可知，“(think) of the high tuition fees”作时间状语，think(想到)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Her brother之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填thinking。 59．that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我回答说，我自1998年以来一直在国外工作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个宾语从句，且从句的成分和意义完整，所以应用that引导，that只起连接作用，不充当成分且无词义。故填that。 60．affecting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类。分析句子结构可知，此处affect在句中为非谓语动词，作结果状语，affect与上文句子是主动关系，因此需要使用现在分词。故填affecting。 61． smiling waving waiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他从宇宙飞船里出来，微笑着向等待他的人群挥手致意。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“came out of”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“He”和“smile”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“smile”的现在分词“smiling”作状语；“He”和“wave”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“wave”的现在分词“waving”作状语；“crowds”和“wait”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“wait”的现在分词“waiting”作后置定语修饰crowds。故填smiling; waving; waiting。 62．energetic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：一旦你养成了早上锻炼的习惯，你就会感到精力充沛而不是昏昏欲睡。分析句子可知，空处作表语，结合instead of being sleepy可知，应用energize的形容词形式energetic，意为“精力充沛的”，表示感到精力充沛而不是昏昏欲睡。故填energetic。 63． being appointed to improve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆被任命为公司经理后，不遗余力地提高商业利润。介词after后面应用动名词形式，且此处表示“被任命”，应用动名词的被动语态，即being appointed；spare no effort to do固定搭配，意为“不遗余力去做某事”，故填①being appointed②to improve。 64．majority 【解析】考查名词。句意：如果我们做出与大多数人相同的选择，就会大大降低做出错误选择的风险。作宾语，应用名词majority，此处the majority表示“大多数人”。故填majority。 65．of 【解析】考查介词短语。句意：为了纪念伟大的诗人屈原，家家户户聚在一起欣赏激动人心的龙舟赛和品尝美味的粽子。in memory of“为了纪念……”。故填of。 66．flying 【解析】句意：杰克从拐角处飞过来,直接撞到我。此处是现在分词做伴随状态，故答案为flying。 67．was elected 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：默克尔被选举为德国第一位女总理，并连任了十多年。Merkel与elect之间为被动关系，且由语境可知应用一般过去时。故填was elected。 68．tension 【解析】  考查名词。句意：两国边境的紧张局势正在加剧。此处作主语，应用名词tension“紧张局势”，不可数。故填tension。 69．working 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为某个人工作时，你可能没有权力拒绝一个项目。空处应填非谓语动词和when构成时间状语，主语you与动词work为逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词。故填working。 70．energetic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们镇上的青少年活泼、热情、有活力。分析句子可知，设空处在句中与前面的lively、enthusiastic并列用形容词作表语，故填energetic。 71．Going 72．to give 73．to 74．seated 75．solving 76．focusing 77．Assuming 78．talented 79．for 80．options 81．in 82．respects 83．ignorance 84．to 85．in 【解析】71．考查动名词。句意：早睡早起是一个好习惯。根据and后的rising可知，本空应用动名词Going。故填Going。 72．考查不定式。句意：我的医生建议我立即戒烟。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式。故填to give。 73．考查介词。句意：如果你有任何问题，你可以向我寻求帮助。turn to sb. for help意为“向某人寻求帮助”，故本空应用介词to。故填to。 74．考查过去分词。句意：当我进入这个房间时，我发现他坐在一把扶手椅上，陷入了深思。本空在句中作宾补，提示词seat作动词讲时意为“向……提供座位；（使）就座”，故本空应用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语的状态。故填seated。 75．考查动名词。句意：解决这个问题的唯一方法是提高我们产品的质量。approach to意为“……的方法”，其中to是介词，故本空应用动名词。故填solving。 76．考查现在分词。句意：有这么多人注视着他，他感到非常紧张。“With so many people ______（focus）their eyes on him”为with复合结构，其中so many people和focus之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故本空应用现在分词作宾补。故填focusing。 77．考查连词。句意：假如这项工作会被提前完成，我们下一步应该做什么？assuming是连词，意为“假如”，引导条件状语从句。故填Assuming。 78．考查形容词。句意：众所周知，贝多芬是一个有天赋的音乐家。本空修饰名词musician, 故本空应用形容词talented, 意为“有天赋的”。 故填talented。 79．考查介词。句意：这种土壤不适合种植花生。be suitable for意为“适合……”，故本空应用介词for。故填for。 80．考查名词复数。句意：几门选修课被提供给学生。option在本句中表示“选修课”，是可数名词，根据空前的限定词Several可知，本空应用名词复数形式。故填options。 81．考查介词。句意：这个城镇的居民对他们的新图书馆感到骄傲。take pride in意为“对……感到骄傲/自豪”，故本空应用介词in。故填in。 82．考查名词复数。句意：当你写信给你的家人时，请代我问候他们。respect作“问候”讲时，常用复数形式。故填respects。 83．考查名词。句意：我开始因自己对世界历史的完全无知感到尴尬。根据空前的my complete及空后的介词of可知，本空应用名词ignorance，意为“无知”。故填ignorance。 84．考查介词。句意：一个好老师总是使他的课适合他学生的年龄。suit...to…意为“使……适合……”，故本空应用介词to。故填to。 85．考查介词。句意：李先生在他20多岁时和他父母一起搬到了纽约。in sb.’s twenties意为“在某人二十几岁时”，故本空应用介词in。故填in。 86．shouldered 87．nosed 88．backed 89．papering 90．oils 91．has nursed 92．brother 93．houses 94．mouthed 95．fingered 【解析】86．考查构词法。句意：越来越多的人在那里聚集。他用肩膀挤着穿过人群，冲进着火的房子。shoulder在此处为动词，意为“用肩膀推开，挤”； shoulder one’s way through意为“用肩膀挤着穿过去”。根据空前一句中的were以及后面的rushed可知，用一般过去时。故填shouldered。 87．考查构词法。句意：地震前，没有人察觉到危险。此句中的nose作动词，意为“嗅到，察觉到”，根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填nosed。 88．考查构词法。句意：车不能向前开了，就从大门倒了出去。back由名词转化为动词，意为“后退”；根据前半句couldn’t可知表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填backed。 89．考查构词法。句意：当我进入他的房间时，我看到他正在用纸糊墙。paper由名词转化为动词，意为“用墙纸裱糊（墙壁）”。see sb. doing…“看见某人正在做……”,用doing作宾语补足语。故填papering。 90．考查构词法。句意：他经常给机器上油润滑以确保机器能够平稳地运转。oil由名词转化为动词，意为“给……用油润滑”。根据often可知用一般现在时， 表示经常发生的情况。故填oils。 91．考查构词法。句意：我在一场足球比赛中摔断腿后，母亲护理了我三个星期。nurse由名词转化为动词，意为“护理，看护”；根据时间状语 for three weeks 可知用现在完成时，故填has nursed。 92．考查构词法。句意：他过去视我为兄弟，并给予了我很多帮助。brother名词转化为动词，意为“兄弟般地对待，视…为兄弟”。used to do…“过去常常做…”,后接动词原形，故填brother。 93．考查构词法。句意：这个博物馆收藏了一批名画藏品。此句中house用作动词，意为“收藏、容纳、把…储藏在房内”。根据语境用一般现在时表示客观事实。故填houses。 94．考查构词法。句意：那只狗从肉店衔了一块肉就迅速跑开了。此处mouth动词，意为“把……放入嘴内”，根据后半句ran away 可知用一般过去时。故填mouthed。 95．考查构词法。句意：昨天是这个小女孩告发了这个小偷。finger在此用作动词，意为“向警方告发”；此句为强调句型，根据yesterday判断用一般过去时。故填fingered。 96．carrying 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：不久之后，我就带着一个漂亮的黑色手提包和一个开心的微笑去参加演出了。本句已经有谓语，carry用非谓语，逻辑主语与carry之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填carrying。 97．reducing 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：当人们一起用餐时，增加单独的筷子和勺子是一种礼仪上的改变，这使得用餐者避免使用自己的筷子从盘子里挑食，从而减少了许多疾病传播的机会。分析句子可知，“当人们一起用餐时，增加单独的筷子和勺子是一种礼仪上的改变”是主句，which引导非限制性定语从句“这使得用餐者避免使用自己的筷子从盘子里挑食”置于主句后面，which指的是前面整个主句做定语从句主语。结合句子含义 “因此减少了许多疾病传播的机会。”是从句产生的顺其自然的结果，做结果状语。动词的现在分词做顺其自然的结果状语。故填reducing。 98．was whispering 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当我爸爸进来的时候，我正对着妈妈耳语。固定句式be doing…when…表示“正在做某事，此时……”，该空用进行时，再结合句意和came可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用过去进行时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was whispering。 99．standing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很荣幸能代表我的学校在这里发表演讲。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语I与stand for之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。根据句意，故填standing。 100．energetic 【解析】考查名词与形容词词性转换。句意：尽管我的爷爷已经七十多岁了，但是仍然精神矍铄。根据句意及空格前的be动词可知，此处应使用提示词的同根形容词作表语，故填energetic。 101．harmful 【解析】考查感叹句。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。分析句式结构可知，该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 102．to/towards 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：大多数物理学家倾向于后一种观点。tend to/towards意为“倾向于”，为固定搭配。故填to/towards。 103．suffering 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：老妇人决定安慰这个遭受巨大损失的人。句中已有谓语动词decided to comfort，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，suffer和逻辑主语the man之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填suffering。 104．reducing 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：这些机器会工作得更快，从而降低了我们的成本。本句已有谓语动词will work，设空处应用非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填reducing。 105．Seeing 【解析】考查现在分词作状语。句意为“看到网球明星离开球场，这个姑娘拿起相机跑了过去。”分析句子，空处应用非谓语动词形式，see 和逻辑主语the girl之间是主动关系。故填Seeing。 106．to begin 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：音乐会马上就要开始了，我们得抓紧时间。分析句子结构可知，此处应为独立主格结构作状语，begin与逻辑主语the concert之间为主动关系，且结合时间状语soon可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，所以此处使用不定式形式。故填to begin。 107．leading 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有了这个小男孩带路，我们很容易地找到了这个房子。此处是with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，动词lead与宾语the little boy之间是主谓关系，所以使用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填leading。 108．listening 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：A：哈里，你昨晚忘了给我回电话。B：哦，非常抱歉。我听着音乐睡着了。句子不缺谓语，所以listen做非谓语，逻辑主语I和listen之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词状语。故填listening。 109．retired 【解析】考查时态。句意：汤姆退休后曾画过一段时间的画，但很快就失去了兴趣。此处在after引导的状语从句中作谓语，根据后文took可知应用一般过去时。故填retired。 110．response 【解析】考查名词。句意：为什么那个人还没有回复我的电子邮件？分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词response，作宾语，前面有a，名词用单数。故填response。 111． featuring 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国动态的“零冠肺炎”政策，以快速反应和大规模筛查为特色，避免了大规模死亡。根据句意和所给词汇，句子的谓语动词为has prevented，故设空处应用非谓语动词，所给动词feature意为“以……为特色，以……为主要内容”，与逻辑主语China’s dynamic zero-COVID policy之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填featuring。 112．energetic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他似乎是一个充满活力和精力充沛的领导者。空处需填形容词energetic，表示“精力充沛的”，作定语，修饰名词。故填energetic。 113．Driving 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：我们开着自己的车穿越欧洲大陆，去英国观看一场精彩的足球比赛。动词drive和逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Driving。 二、 1 114．earliest 115．a 116．widely 117．when 118．What 119．covers 120．varieties 121．has been translated 122．as 123．majoring 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国著名农学家贾思勰撰写的《齐民要术》对于中国古代农业以及在全球范围内的影响。 114．考查形容词最高级。句意：北魏末年，他撰写了中国现存最早、最完整的农业百科全书《齐民要书》。分析句子结构可知，定冠词the后接形容词最高级进行修饰，且根据常识可知，《齐民要术》是中国最早的农业百科全书。故填earliest。 115．考查冠词。句意：童年时，贾家并不富裕，但藏书丰富。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语a collection of，意为“一堆；一系列”，rich为辅音音素开头的单词，因此需使用不定冠词a进行修饰。故填a。 116．考查副词。句意：这给年轻的贾提供了一个机会：广泛阅读有关农业的中国古代文献。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用副词widely“广泛地”，在句中作状语修饰动词read。故填widely。 117．考查时间状语从句。句意：他在战争期间完成了《齐民要术》，当时他看到了贫苦农民的苦难。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“看到贫苦农民的苦难时完成了《齐民要术》”，因此需使用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 118．考查主语从句。句意：他坚信农业的发展可以帮助那些农民摆脱困境。分析句子结构可知，该句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语成分，因此需使用连接代词what在从句中作宾语，位于句首时首字母大写。故填What。 119．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该书共10卷92章，近12万字，涵盖了广泛的主题，并记录了制作经验和方法。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语the book为单数概念，且该句陈述一般事实，因此需使用一般现在时的单数形式。故填covers。 120．考查名词复数。句意：在书中，他强调了培育优良品种的种子育种的重要性。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“培育更多更好的品种”，表示复数概念，因此需使用其复数形式varieties。故填varieties。 121．考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，这本书已被翻译成几种语言。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语so far可知，应使用现在完成时，主语the book为单数，且与translate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用被动语态。故填has been translated。 122．考查介词。句意：《齐民要术》被认为是农业知识的重要总结。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短consider as，意为“认为（把……看作）”。故填as。 123．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，它仍然是中国农民和农业专业学生的研究对象。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语is，空处在句中作非谓语，major与Chinese farmers and students之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词，作定语。故填majoring。 2 124．lifting 125．fell 126．which 127．him 128．how 129．of 130．the 131．were taken 132．cuts 133．seriously 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。来自美国波士顿的22岁女孩Rachel奇迹般地将一辆越野车抬起，救出了被压在下面的父亲。 124．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词作介词by的宾语。故填lifting. 125．考查时态。空前的"keeping the car overhead"是jacks的后置定语，此处缺少谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填fell. 126．考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the car，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 127．考查人称代词。根据语境和下文可判断出，女儿想要救父亲，此处作宾语故填him。 128．考查连接副词。根据语境可知，此处表示"Rachel不知道自己是如何抬起这辆车的"。故填how。 129．考查固定短语。run out of表示"从……跑出来"，是固定短语。故填of. 130．考查冠词。由上文可知，此处特指"压在父亲腿上的车轮拱罩"，要用定冠词，故填the。 131．考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般过去时，且此处X-rays与take之间为动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态were taken. 132．考查名词复数。cut作"伤口"讲时为可数名词，由空格前的a few可知,此处应用名词复数cuts. 133．考查副词。由空格前后的结构可知，此处应用副词修饰injured，故用seriously。 3 134．a 135．traditionally 136．is referred 137．which 138．have been destroyed 139．what 140．writers 141．of 142．amazing 143．but 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文阐述了中国书法是中国传统文化的精华，并介绍了王羲之的成就和《兰亭集序》。 134．考查冠词。句意：说到书法，中国人一定会把它和王羲之联系在一起，他是一位生活在东晋时期的中国作家和官员。根据后文并列连词and并列了an official表示“一位官员”可推出空处也需要用不定冠词表泛指“一位中国作家”。故填a。 135．考查副词。句意：但他最为人所知的是中国最著名的书法家，传统上被认为是书法圣人。分析句子结构可知，空处用于修饰空后非谓语动词considered，故需要把提示词tradition变为副词形式。故填traditionally。 136．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：王被称为中国历史上最伟大的书法家。固定短语be referred to as表示“被称作”、“被认为”符合句意，且分析句子结构可知，王和动词refer为动宾结构，故空处需要填 be referred结构；根据句后“is a master of all forms of Chinese calligraphy,(是中国书法的所有形式的大师，)”可知，时态需要和并列连词and后的is保持一致。故填is referred。 137．考查定语从句。句意：王被称为中国历史上最伟大的书法家，是中国书法的所有形式的大师，尤其擅长行书，其特点是单个字符之间的联系和略略缩短的形式。分析句子成分可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，features为谓语动词表示“以……为特点”，从句中缺少主语指代先行词Xingshu即“行书”，故需要填关系代词。故填which。 138．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他一生创作了大量的书法作品，但令人遗憾的是，迄今为止，他的大部分原创作品都已毁损或遗失。根据句中的连词but分析句子可知，but后面的部分是一个独立的句子，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由句中的up to now可知，该句子应该用现在完成时；因为句子的主语the majority of his original works和动词destroy之间是被动关系，所以句子应该用被动语态；根据主语the majority of his original works可知，谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填have been destroyed。 139．考查主语从句。句意：在王羲之的巨著中，我们最为熟悉的是《兰亭集序》。分析句子结构，句子谓语动词为is，故空处为需要填连接词引导主语从句；从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，表示“我们最熟悉的作品”即用what表示“……的东西”。故填what。 140．考查名词。句意：这篇经典文章描述了包括谢安和孙绰在内的四十二位中国著名诗人和作家的聚会。根据空前有and并列表示身份的复数名词poets（诗人）可知，空处也需要填write的派生词的复数形式表示“身份”；writer意为“作家”，符合句意。故填writers。 141．考查介词。句意：《兰亭集序》由28行324个汉字组成。固定短语be made up of意为“由……组成”，符合句意和空前is made up的提示。故填of。 142．考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，汉字“之”出现了十七次，但没有两个字看起来是一样的。分析句子结构，It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，空处需要填形容词作表语形容后文这件事情；amaze的形容词形式为amazing或amazed；修饰物一般用amazing。故填amazing。 143．考查连词。句意：令人惊讶的是，汉字“之”出现了十七次，但没有两个字看起来是一样的。结合句意可知，前文表示“之”字出现了十七次，后文表示没有任何两个“之”字写的看上去一样，这件事情令人惊讶，故前后文为转折关系。故填but。 4 144．to live 145．to use 146．swimming 147．swimming 148．to learn 149．practicing 150．playing 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述的是一个叫刘伟的无臂男孩，通过坚强的毅力和永不放弃的精神，最终成为一名钢琴家的故事。 144．考查动词不定式。句意：尽管如此，他还是想过充实的生活。固定短语want to do表示“想要做”，故空处需要用不定式的形式。故填to live。 145．考查动词不定式。句意：他学会了用脚进行日常活动。固定短语learn to do表示“学习做某事”，故空处需要用不定式的形式。故填to use。 146．考查动名词。句意：他还开始游泳，并在全国残疾人运动会上获得两枚金牌。固定短语start to do表示“即将要开始做某事”，即事情还没有做，还在准备阶段；start doing表示“开始做某事”，即事情已经开始做了。根据空后“and won two gold medals at the National Games for People with Disabilities.”可知，他已经学会了游泳，事情已经开始做了。故空处填动名词doing的形式作宾语。故填swimming。 147．考查动名词。句意：当他因为健康问题不得不停止游泳时，他决定学习如何用脚趾弹钢琴。固定短语stop to do表示“停止当前做的事情并开始做另一件事”；stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”。根据空后“due to health problems,”可知，他因为健康问题，不能再游泳了。故空处填动名词doing的形式作宾语。故填swimming。 148．考查动词不定式。句意：当他因为健康问题不得不停止游泳时，他决定学习如何用脚趾弹钢琴。固定短语decide to do表示“决定去做某事”，符合句意，其中to do不定式表将来。故填to learn。 149．考查动名词。句意：这很难，但他坚持练习，直到达到他的目标。固定用法keep doing sth.表示“持续做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语。故填practicing。 150．考查动名词。句意：今天，刘伟仍然喜欢演奏音乐，他积极的态度激励着我们所有人。固定用法enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语。故填playing。 5 151．where 152．has witnessed 153．profoundly 154．a 155．financial 156．serving 157．for 158．participation 159．were impressed 160．to be seen 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是女王伊丽莎白二世的生平和主要贡献以及她的去世。 151．考查定语从句。句意：周四下午，她在苏格兰的庄园平静地去世，夏天的大部分时间她都在这里度过。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Scottish estate，在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 152．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：女王于1952年即位以来见证了巨大的社会变革。时间状语为ever since，句子用现在完成时，主语为The Queen，谓语动词用三单形式，故填has witnessed。 153．考查副词。句意：我们深切悼念一位深受爱戴的君主和母亲。此处用副词profoundly作状语，修饰mourn，profoundly意为“深深地”，故填profoundly。 154．考查冠词。句意：英国于9月9日开始为期10天的哀悼期。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，10-day为辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用a，故填a。 155．考查形容词。句意：伊丽莎白出生于1926年，经历了法西斯主义的兴起和柏林墙的倒塌、第二次世界大战、征服太空、全球金融危机、新冠肺炎大流行和俄罗斯——乌克兰冲突。此处用形容词financial作定语，修饰名词crisis，故填financial。 156．考查动名词。句意：她毕生致力于为国家和英联邦服务，目睹了15位英国首相的来来往往。devote oneself to doing表示“致力于做某事”，故用动名词形式作宾语，故填serving。 157．考查介词。句意：她是一位受欢迎的女王，也因其对国家事务的了解和参与而受到尊敬。由“her knowledge”可知，空格处用for表示“因为”，故填for。 158．考查不可数名词。句意：她是一位受欢迎的女王，也因其对国家事务的了解和参与而受到尊敬。此处用名词participation作for的宾语，表示“参与”，为不可数名词，故填participation。 159．考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：她对国家事务的了解和对工作的热情给她手下的首相们留下了深刻印象。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为The prime ministers，谓语动词用复数形式，且与impress之间是被动关系，因此空格处是were impressed。故填were impressed。 160．考查动词不定式及语态。句意：英国的未来还有待观察。remain to do表示“有待做某事”，且“Where Britain goes from here”与see之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动语态to be done，故填to be seen。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$人教版2019必修第三册 Unit 2 Ⅰ. 重点词汇 1. majority n. 大部分; 大多数 【典型例句】 When I have a different opinion, I always respect the opinion of the majority. 当我有不同观点时, 我总是尊重多数人的观点。 【词块必记】 (1)the/a majority of　　 大多数的…… in the majority 占多数 major adj. 主要的 (2)minority n. 少数, 少部分 a minority of 少数的…… minor adj. 次要的 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The ________ (major) of people believe smoking is harmful to health. ②We live in a country where women are __ the majority. 完成句子 ③WeChat is to the taste of ___________________(大多数人的), especially the youth. 　  ④I believe that students supporting me are _____________(占大多数).   majority in the majority of people in the majority 2. complain vi. &vt. 抱怨; 发牢骚 【教材原句】 “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal! ”her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. (P16) “为什么女孩学这么多? 找到一个好的丈夫应该是她们的最终目标! ”想起高昂的学费, 她的哥哥抱怨道。 【词块必记】 (1)complain to sb. 　　　　　 向某人诉说 complain about/of sth. 抱怨…… (2)complaint n. 投诉, 抱怨, 怨言 make a complaint about 对……提出投诉 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain ________ the reporter’s story. ②Jane is my best friend and I can complain __ her when I am unhappy. ③I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my _________ (complain). 完成句子 ④She often ________________________appreciated at work.   她经常抱怨在工作中没有感觉到受重视。 about/of to complaint complains about not feeling 3. tend vt. 照顾; 照料　vi. 倾向; 趋于 【典型例句】 People always tend to help the old in need of help. 人们往往帮助需要帮助的老年人。 【词块必记】 (1)tend sb. /sth. 　　　 照料/照看某人/某物 tend to do sth. 易于做某事 tend to/toward(s)sth. 倾向于……, 有……的趋势 (2)tendency n. 倾向, 趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①While I hate to admit it, people always tend _______(judge) a person by his or her appearance initially.   ②There is a slow ________ (tend)that “the beat culture” is popular with the youths in China. ③As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency _____(get) anxious with time going by.   to judge tendency to get 4. replace vt. 接替; 取代; 更换 【典型例句】 It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them, but they can never replace your own culture. 喜欢并向其他的文化学习很好, 但是它们永远无法替代你自己的文化。 【词块必记】 (1)replace sth. with/by sth. 　 用某物替代某物 (2)take the place of =take sb. ‘s place 取代 in place of 代替, 取代 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Vinod Khosla suggests that we get rid of 80% of doctors and replace them _______ robots. ②Old books are like old friends. Once lost, they can never __________ (replace). 　  ③同义转换 John is ill and I want to know who is going to take the place of him/take his place. →John is ill and I want to know ________________________.   with/by be replaced who is going to replace him 5. whisper vi. &vt. 悄声说; 耳语; 低语　n. 耳语(声); 低语(声); 传言; 谣传 【典型例句】 He had to whisper in order to avoid being overheard by their neighbours. 他不得不低声耳语, 以免被他们的邻居们听见。 【词块必记】 (1)whisper to sb. 　　　　　 对某人耳语 whisper about sth. /sb. 小声议论某事/人 whisper sth. to sb. 低声告诉某人某事 whisper sth. in one’s ear 对某人耳语某事 It’s whispered that. . . 私下说…… (2)in a whisper/whispers 低声说; 小声地说 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①What are you two __________ (whisper) about over there? ②“I’ve missed you, ”he whispered __ her ear. ③When I entered the room, the staff _______________(whisper) that the company was about to go out of business.   whispering in were whispering 同义转换 ④They sat at the back of the room, talking in a low voice. →They sat at the back of the room, talking ___________.   ⑤He is whispered to be heavily in debt. → _________________he is heavily in debt.   in a whisper It is whispered that Ⅱ. 核心短语 6. carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关 【教材原句】 These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into. . . and what carried her through a life of hard choices. (P16) 林巧稚医生的这些话可以让我们了解……并且是什么帮助她渡过人生中的艰难选择的。 【词块必记】 carry through　　 完成; 进行到底 carry out 执行, 实行; 贯彻; 实现 carry on 开展; 维持; 继续 carry forward 继承, 弘扬 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The activity is aimed at carrying _______ the Chinese traditional culture. ②We should carry ___ the plan strictly and carefully. ③We hope that more artists will carry ___ and develop the folk art. ④It was my mother that carried me _______ my hard time in middle school. 翻译句子 ⑤Many women know how to carry out repairs on their cars. _________________________________ forward out on through 许多妇女懂得如何修理自己的汽车。 Ⅲ. 经典句式 7. To a person nothing is more precious than their life. 对于一个人来说, 没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。  【典型例句】 If you are free, nothing will be better if you can come to China to attend a traditional wedding. 如果你有空的话, 能来中国参加一场传统婚礼那就最好了。 【句型公式】 比较级与否定词连用, 表示最高级。 此外, “否定词+比较级”也可表示强调。 【知识微练】 完成句子 ①In my opinion, ___________________________health in life. 在我看来, 在生活 中健康是最重要的。  ② _____________________than that.   没有什么比那更难了。 ③I can tell you that there is _____________________________by my teacher before my classmates.   我可以告诉你没有比在同学面前被老师赞扬更好的事了。 nothing is more important than Nothing is more difficult nothing better than being praised 【难点回顾】 1. dilemma n. 进退两难的境地; 困境 【典型例句】 A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more choices to make. 道德困境就是指你有两个甚至更多选择的情况。 【词块必记】 put sb. into a dilemma　　 使某人陷入困境 in a dilemma 处于困境中 【知识微练】 完成句子 ①It is beneficial to some people, while it _______________________(使其他人陷 入困境) over whether to vote or not.   ②I am caught ____________(陷于困境之中)when choosing a major for myself. 　  ③He ___________________(正面临着两难境地)of whether or not to return to his country.   puts others into a dilemma in a dilemma is facing the dilemma 2. neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不…… 【教材原句】 Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. (P20) 她和她的朋友都没有想过把石头从路上移开。 【词块必记】 neither. . . nor. . . 　　“既不……也不……”, 连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时, 谓语动词遵循就近原则。 遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词: either. . . or. . . 　　　　　 不是……就是…… not only. . . but also. . . 不仅……而且…… not. . . but. . . 不是……而是…… 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Not you but the scientist __ (be) to attend the ceremony to be held in our school. ②Neither the father nor the children _____ (be) interested in the film shown last year. ③Either you or one of your students __ (be)to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. is were is 3. a great deal (of) 大量 【典型例句】 Thanks to papermaking and printing, a great deal of ancient information has been kept in books. 多亏了造纸术和印刷术, 大量的古代信息被保存在书籍中。 【知识拓展】 常用于修饰不可数名词的单词和词组 much; a (great) deal of; a bit of; a(n)(large)/amount of/amounts of 【知识微练】 完成句子 ①Although she had never met that expert, she _________________________(了解 很多关于他的事).   ②What surprised us most was that people ___________________(正在做许多事)to preserve the wetland.   ③I also have friends who __________________________________(给了我很多鼓 励).   knew a great deal about him are doing a great deal gave me a great deal of encouragement 4. pass away去世 【典型例句】 He had no children of his own, and most of his relatives had passed away. 他没有自己的孩子, 并且多数亲人也已经过世。 【词块必记】 pass sth. on to sb. 　 将某物交给某人 pass sth. down 将某物一代代流传下来 pass by 路过; (时间)过去 pass out 分发; 分配; 晕倒 pass off as 把……冒充成; 被当作 【知识微练】 用pass短语填空 ①As three hours _________, I became more and more impatient.   ②She wants to be a gymnastic coach to _________what she’s learned to other kids when she grows up.   ③Please _______the message to as many people as possible.   ④In the home for sick people, I helped wash clothes and sheets, and _______lunch.   passed by pass down pass on pass out 5. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她立刻成为第一位被雇用为协和医院妇产科住院医师的女性。  【典型例句】 But Wang Hui, the last to run, fell down suddenly when he took the stick from another boy. 但是最后一个跑的王辉, 当他从另一个男孩那里接过接力棒的时候突然摔倒了。 【句型公式】 本句是一个简单句。句中to be hired. . . 为不定式作定语修饰名词woman。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级, the next, the only, the last等修饰时, 常用不定式作后置定语。 (2) 被用来修饰的词是抽象名词, 常见的有: ability, belief, chance, idea, promise, attempt, way等, 其后常用不定式作后置定语。 【知识微练】 完成句子 ①China is _________________________________________________into the space.   中国是第一个向太空发射人造飞船的发展中国家。 ②For a student, studying is ______________________while appearance is the second.   对学生来说, 学习是首要考虑的事, 外貌次之。 ③Lincoln was _______________________________________. 林肯是第一位通 过法律废除奴隶制的总统。  the first developing country to send man-made spaceship the first thing to consider the first president to pass laws to stop slavery 附1： 【话题背诵】 1. Recently, an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. 最近, 一部优秀的电影将在我们的校园上映。 2. No matter how hard it is, as long as we have the dream and fight for it, we will make it someday. 不管有多难, 只要我们有梦想并为之奋斗, 总有一天我们会成功的。 【写作点拨】 影视评论的写作步骤模板 1. A proper title 2. Beginning (1)Introduction to the film (within 2-3 sentences) (2)Main idea (general/critical view about the film) 3. Development (1)Analysis of the most striking/impressive scenes (2)Inspirations from the film (3)Film-making stuff (background/language/setting/music/dressing. . . )with unique feature 4. Ending Summary and re-emphasis of personal view about the film 附2：题听说汇 Ⅰ. 根据提示写出下列话题词汇或汉语翻译 1. _____________________　　 乐于助人  2. _________ 善待, 对……亲切  3. ___________ serve as a volunteer 4. _____________ offer to take on responsibilities 5. _________________________ 勤劳善良  6. ____________________________ 尊重父母师长  be willing to help others be kind to 担任志愿者 主动承担责任 being hardworking and kind respect our parents and teachers 7. _____________________ love and defend our homeland 8. _______________ devote yourself to serving the people 9. make choices ________________  在某些情况下做出选择 10. __________the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled  照顾老弱病残 11. have two or more difficult choices _______  有两个或更多困难的选择要做 热爱并保卫我们的祖国 致力于服务人民 in some situations take care of to make Ⅱ. 根据提示完成下面的情境对话, 并分组练习 李华在路上捡到一张车票, 为了找到失主, 耽误了看电影…… Linda: Hi, Li Hua. How was the movie yesterday? Li Hua: 1. _________(太可惜了! )I only saw part of it.   Linda: What happened? Li Hua: On the way to the cinema, I 2. ____________________(捡到一张火车 票). The train leaves in three hours.   It’s a pity! picked up a train ticket Linda: Oh, someone must 3. ___________(陷入困境).   Li Hua: So I called the police and 4. ______________(帮助把它给)to the owner at the train station.   Linda: It’s very kind of you. And then you missed the movie? Li Hua: I know that. But 5. ______________(在那种情况下), I must choose it. I think people should help each other as much as possible.   Linda: Yes, I can’t 6. ______________(非常赞同).   be in trouble helped to give it in that situation agree any more Ⅲ. 读下列句子, 选出每个升调的含义 升调通常表示: “没有结束”“等待对方继续阐述”“征求确认”, 即: A. Having more to say. B. Hoping the other person will continue to talk. C. Asking for confirmation. 1. Has he got a toy plane? ↗ (　　　　　　　　) 2. A: You know Tom? B: ↗Yes. (　　　　　　　　) 3. He will like the present, ↗won’t he? (　　　　　　　　) 4. It was↗hard, but we managed it at last. (　　　　　　　　) 5. They went to the library, ↗didn’t they? (　　　　　　　　) 6. Are you from America↗? (　　　　　　　　) 7. Was she glad to↗ see him? (　　　　　　　　) 8. Is your car blue↗, green↗, or red↘? (　　　　　　　　) 9. She bought ↗ bread, ↗ cheese, and tomatoes. (　　　　　　　　) 10. Tom, could you↗help me, please? (　　　　　　　　) 答案: 1～5. CBCBC　6～10. CCAAC 【语音点拨】 　　升调(Rising Intonation)是我们在进行语言表达时, 句子的最后一个实词的重读音节上升的语调。这取决于我们说话时的语气, 或试图用语调表达的情感或态度。升调常用于一般疑问句, 选择性疑问句, 肯定或否定的回答, 反意疑问句, 以及某些陈述句等句式中。 1. 一般疑问句提问时使用: 表示等待回答者确认或者表示礼貌。 Could you↗help me? 2. 选择性疑问句, 先升调, 再降调: 表示等待回答者确认。 Do you go there by bus↗ or by taxi↘? 3. Yes/No回答时使用: 表示等待提问者继续阐述他想谈论的话题。 —Do you like drawing? —↗Yes. 4. 反意疑问句句末使用: 表示对所说的内容不确定。 You don’t like swimming, do ↗you? 5. 陈述句句中使用: 表示尚未结束, 向另一个人发出信号, 请您等待。(一般情况下陈述句使用降调) The project was↗difficult, but we finished it on time. $$