专题04 动词和动词短语-【好题汇编】三年（2022-2024）高考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）

专题04 动词与动词短语 年份 卷别 动词和动词短语（2022-2024） 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 won赢得；training训练；hated讨厌； turned to转向；dreamed梦想；borrowed借； passed超过；matured成熟； （7+1） 高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要体现在 阅读理解：重点考查词义辨析。 完形填空：对动词和动词短语的考查在中的词义辨析为主。 语法填空/改错：动词和其他词的用法及短语搭配； 写作：动词及短语的综合运用 完形填空动词考查没用生僻词，侧重考查语篇的整体理解和上下文的逻辑关系。考查动词较多，1~2个动词短语。 新高考II卷 approached靠近; attended参加，上(学)；building修建；quote引用； recall记起；rely on依靠；showed展示；traveling旅行；engage参与(7+1) 浙江卷1月 struggled斗争、奋斗；string串起；praised赞扬; remind提醒；gather集合；come up with想出；accompanied伴随;forgotten忘记；（7+1） 全国甲卷 experienced经历； tolerated容忍；study学习；admire钦佩； go through经历；talk对话、讨论；come alive变生动；（7+1） 2023 新高考I卷 finished完成; stopped停止；bent down弯腰; assessed评估；leave离开；（4+1） 新高考II卷 happened碰巧;offered提供; pick up接载; work out解决；load装载; call打电话；flew飞；（5+2） 全国甲卷 stayed暂住； making使；让； bring带来； tried尝试；look看起来；pack包装；grown成长；given给；（6+1） 全国乙卷 knew知道,了解; led带领；领先; took需要;shine照耀；发光；pack up整理；收拾行李；ride骑；漂浮；went off离开;train培训;helped帮助；defeated打败；transformed转换；改造；改变；winning赢得；led带领；领先; took需要; shine照耀；发光（14+1） 北京卷 chat闲聊; write写；learning学习；flying by飞越；飞逝；complaining抱怨； tell告诉；看出，判断出；区分；（5+1） 浙江卷1月 witness见证；目睹；followed跟随；gathered聚集、采集； lit点燃；点亮；climbing攀爬；inched缓慢移动；slid down滑下； hatching孵化；（6+1） 新高考I卷 camped露营；worked起作用；headed off启程，出发；interrupted中断；start启动；（4+1） 新高考II卷 plan计划； please取悦; staying停留；sending发送；（4） 全国甲卷 learned了解到；worried担心；. walked牵着（动物）走； continued继续；suggested建议，推荐；respected尊重； caring照顾；need需要； 全国乙卷 escaping避开；; interpreted解释escaping避开；interpreted解释；contradicted相矛盾；see看见；speak说；comprehended理解； insist on坚持；（8+1） 浙江卷1月 go through经历；compromise使陷入危险、妥协；include包括；expect期待、预期； understand理解;add补充说;（4+1） 浙江卷6月 love爱； as if 好像；afford支付得起； introduce介绍;believe相信；C. develop发展，培养；follow跟随；giving给；（7+1） 北京卷 spotted看见、注意到； recover恢复、康复；arrive到达；show up露面，出现；（4） 考点 动词和动词短语 1.（2024年全国甲卷完形填空） Born just before WWII, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to _school_. Like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do _housework_. The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having Chinese __lessons___ with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ___closely___. ..... This is something I ____33____ — her ability to open her _hands __ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. ... My childhood is quite _happy___ compared with hers. I am _grateful__ that I did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of _education__. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____. 23. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced 25. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged 27. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach 33. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value 37. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for 39. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk 40. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive 2.（2024年新高考I卷完形填空）I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running _regularly_, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my __achievement___ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __reason__ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. ......That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as _appealing__. I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever __goals__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 3.（2024年新高考II卷完形填空）During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language __barrier_. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how _warm-hearted__ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small __acts__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my __ appetite_ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ___dish___, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever __disadvantages__ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 4.（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空） A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My __new___ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __chance__ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most _remarkable_, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American _writers__ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____30____ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____self-educated ___ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life. 22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 28. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 35. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 5.（2023年新高考I卷）On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her __delay_ came because she was carrying a _ competitor_ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her _race__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get _medical_ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __pain__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more _confused___ about why her act is considered a big __deal_. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” ...... 21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 6.（2023年新高考II卷）It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very _nervous_. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __hard__ for him, having to leave his dog to a __stranger_ and trust that everything would _____30_____. After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was __uneventful__, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so ___thankful____ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 7.（2023年全国甲卷）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill toward us. It was _neighbor_ called Mario, coming to ___24_ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine....... These can’t be any _good__, we thought. But we were __ thankful for__ his kindness, so we ___30___ them. ...... Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily....... It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were ___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 8.（2023年全国乙卷）To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____23.goodbye____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it was ____25.time____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26 heartbreaking ____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her. As it turned out Douglas did ____30.exactly____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the ____33.world____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34.average____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By ____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ___confident___ all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39.more and more____ that she could make the London Games-and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did. 21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew 22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up 24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike 27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off 28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train 29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed 31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted 32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put 35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding 36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led 38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took 40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score 9.（2023年北京卷）I was always timid(羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even shyer , so it was surprising I’d 2 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night! After I got home, though. I took my time petting the cat﹣postponing the pain. When I finally sat down to 3 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighbours from 4 . One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 5 . But when mum got home from work, I was still 6 , “Five pages! That’s impossible!” “Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said. “and I want to read it when you’re through.” ...... The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 9 they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. 2．A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat 3．A．weep B．rest C．write D．read 4．A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing 5．A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in 6．A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning 9．A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict 9.（2023年浙江卷1月）The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the rope higher up the tree trunk. 49 .Finally , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too early to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. .... 41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 10.（2022年新高考I卷）My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 41 memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek.......So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. ...... 42．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 46．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 47．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 48．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 50．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 11.（2022年新高考II卷）It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 27 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 28 . But house sitting also offers a level of comfort they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 30 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 31 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 32 . For Jessica, that means 33 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 34 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 35 ,” she says. 27．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 28．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please 30．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 31．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 32．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 33．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 34．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty 35．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression 12.（2022年全国甲卷）When I first dated Steve, I 43 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I 45 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora , the cat. The next week we 47 our dogs together. It was a hot day. ...... We 51 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her leg . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly constantly climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 54 his house. All worked fine . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 56 Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 57 for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving water to the dogs that brought us together. 43．A．feared B．doubted C．hoped D．learned 45．A．predicted B．worried C．regretted D．insisted 47．A．tied B．walked C．bathed D．fed 51．A．continued B．decided C．intended D．pretended 54．A．left B．sold C．suggested D．searched 56．A．emptied B．respected C．occupied D．discovered 57．A．looking B．caring C．waiting D．calling 59．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid 13.（2022年全国乙卷）Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 41 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. ...... For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our surprising research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea. ......We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: Now children said that they couldn’t 52 to her. A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.......They simply 58 mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.......In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it. 41．A．following B．taking C．escaping D．directing 44．A．supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted 49．A．see B．help C．reach D．fool 52．A．speak B．listen C．turn D．wave 54．A．comprehended B．predicted C．explored D．ignored 58．A．hold back B．relate to C．insist on D．make up 60．A．tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective 14.（2022年浙江卷1月）When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her eyes , notably dryness and discomfort. "I was simply 17 a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected. " ...... Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant she said. " But more and more are suffering and lives are being 22 . Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team 24 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, ...... So far she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 28 . "I'm trying to get more and more people to 29 that there are solutions（解决办法）said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after retirement . "I say there is no old age , there's only neglect （忽视）. Don't stand still , do something about it. " Ms. Burdeyney 33 that she is hoping to do more for the research project. " There is still a long way to go" 17．A．getting over B．going through C．holding on D．passing down 22．A．compromised B．forgotten C．substituted D．separated 24．A．informed B．doubted C．included D．dismissed 28．A．wasted B．donated C．expected D．earned 29．A．imagine B．confirm C．remember D．understand 33．A．commented B．learned C．reminded D．added 15.（2022年浙江卷6月）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 16 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 17 he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement . ...... Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t 24 to lose. Every time I 25 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels safe in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt . For example , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 28 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ...... It is something that every manager should work hard to 31 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 32 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 34 you their best. 16．A．deserve B．miss C．love D．know 17．A．as if B．in case C．even though D．so that 24．A．afford B．choose C．wait D．expect 25．A．attach B．compare C．adjust D．introduce 28．A．admit B．believe C．suggest D．imagine 29．A．However B．Therefore C． D．Fortunately 31．A．assess B．organize C．develop D．understand 32．A．repeat B．follow C．change D．forget 34．A．telling B．giving C．selling D．sending 16.（2022年北京卷）One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I 1 a movement of the heavy wooden door. ...... He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to 5 , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought. The next morning, one of the first to 6 was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with energy, but his laughter could be heard as loud as ever!333333 That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to 9 . To a child, every minute feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; 1．A．caused B．spotted C．checked D．imagined 5．A．recover B．play C．change D．wait 6．A．settle B．gather C．arrive D．react 9．A．show up B．pull up C．hold up D．line up 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 动词与动词短语 年份 卷别 动词和动词短语（2022-2024） 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 won赢得；training训练；hated讨厌； turned to转向；dreamed梦想；borrowed借； passed超过；matured成熟； （7+1） 高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要体现在 阅读理解：重点考查词义辨析。 完形填空：对动词和动词短语的考查在中的词义辨析为主。 语法填空/改错：动词和其他词的用法及短语搭配； 写作：动词及短语的综合运用 完形填空动词考查没用生僻词，侧重考查语篇的整体理解和上下文的逻辑关系。考查动词较多，1~2个动词短语。 新高考II卷 approached靠近; attended参加，上(学)；building修建；quote引用； recall记起；rely on依靠；showed展示；traveling旅行；engage参与(7+1) 浙江卷1月 struggled斗争、奋斗；string串起；praised赞扬; remind提醒；gather集合；come up with想出；accompanied伴随;forgotten忘记；（7+1） 全国甲卷 experienced经历； tolerated容忍；study学习；admire钦佩； go through经历；talk对话、讨论；come alive变生动；（7+1） 2023 新高考I卷 finished完成; stopped停止；bent down弯腰; assessed评估；leave离开；（4+1） 新高考II卷 happened碰巧;offered提供; pick up接载; work out解决；load装载; call打电话；flew飞；（5+2） 全国甲卷 stayed暂住； making使；让； bring带来； tried尝试；look看起来；pack包装；grown成长；given给；（6+1） 全国乙卷 knew知道,了解; led带领；领先; took需要;shine照耀；发光；pack up整理；收拾行李；ride骑；漂浮；went off离开;train培训;helped帮助；defeated打败；transformed转换；改造；改变；winning赢得；led带领；领先; took需要; shine照耀；发光（14+1） 北京卷 chat闲聊; write写；learning学习；flying by飞越；飞逝；complaining抱怨； tell告诉；看出，判断出；区分；（5+1） 浙江卷1月 witness见证；目睹；followed跟随；gathered聚集、采集； lit点燃；点亮；climbing攀爬；inched缓慢移动；slid down滑下； hatching孵化；（6+1） 新高考I卷 camped露营；worked起作用；headed off启程，出发；interrupted中断；start启动；（4+1） 新高考II卷 plan计划； please取悦; staying停留；sending发送；（4） 全国甲卷 learned了解到；worried担心；. walked牵着（动物）走； continued继续；suggested建议，推荐；respected尊重； caring照顾；need需要； 全国乙卷 escaping避开；; interpreted解释escaping避开；interpreted解释；contradicted相矛盾；see看见；speak说；comprehended理解； insist on坚持；（8+1） 浙江卷1月 go through经历；compromise使陷入危险、妥协；include包括；expect期待、预期； understand理解;add补充说;（4+1） 浙江卷6月 love爱； as if 好像；afford支付得起； introduce介绍;believe相信；C. develop发展，培养；follow跟随；giving给；（7+1） 北京卷 spotted看见、注意到； recover恢复、康复；arrive到达；show up露面，出现；（4） 考点 动词和动词短语 1.（2024年全国甲卷完形填空） Born just before WWII, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to _school_. Like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do _housework_. The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having Chinese __lessons___ with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ___closely___. ..... This is something I ____33____ — her ability to open her _hands __ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. ... My childhood is quite _happy___ compared with hers. I am _grateful__ that I did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of _education__. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____. 23. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced 25. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged 27. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach 33. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value 37. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for 39. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk 40. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive 【答案】 23. D 25. A 27. B 33.A 37. B 39.D 40.D 【解析】23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. promoted促进；C. achieved完成；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。 25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favored赞成；B. tolerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknowledged承认。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。 27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. study学习；C. explore探索；D. teach教学。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。 33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire钦佩；B. notice注意到；C.adopt采纳；D. value重视。根据下文“her ability to open her ______ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。 37.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. reflect upon思考；B. go through经历；C. ask about询问；D. prepare for准备。根据上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。 39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. attend出席；B. refer参考；C. lead领导；D. talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk to“与某人交谈”。故选D。 40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. come true成真；B. come round苏醒；C. come out出现；D. come alive变得生动。根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选D。 2.（2024年新高考I卷完形填空）I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running _regularly_, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my __achievement___ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __reason__ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. ......That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as _appealing__. I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever __goals__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 【答案】41. C 43. D 44. C 47. C 48. B 49. B 52. A 54. B 【解析】41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 　　　 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 3.（2024年新高考II卷完形填空）During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language __barrier_. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how _warm-hearted__ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small __acts__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my __ appetite_ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ___dish___, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever __disadvantages__ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 【答案】 22. B 23. A 24. D 27. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 35. B 【解析】22.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 23.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 24.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 27.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 31.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 32.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 33.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 35.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 4.（2024年浙江卷1月完形填空） A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My __new___ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __chance__ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most _remarkable_, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American _writers__ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____30____ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____self-educated ___ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life. 22. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 25. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 26. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 28. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 30. A anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 31. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 33. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 34. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 35. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 【答案】 22. D 25. C 26. A 28. B 30. C 31. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 31.考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 5.（2023年新高考I卷）On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her __delay_ came because she was carrying a _ competitor_ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her _race__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get _medical_ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __pain__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more _confused___ about why her act is considered a big __deal_. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” ...... 21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 【答案】21. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 29. B 32. D 33. A 21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get _____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 6.（2023年新高考II卷）It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very _nervous_. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __hard__ for him, having to leave his dog to a __stranger_ and trust that everything would _____30_____. After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was __uneventful__, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so ___thankful____ and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 24. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 25. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 26. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 30. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 31. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 32. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 34. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 【答案】 24. C 25. B 26. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 【解析】24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 26.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 30.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was _____ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。 31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ______ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who _____ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 7.（2023年全国甲卷）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill toward us. It was _neighbor_ called Mario, coming to ___24_ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine....... These can’t be any _good__, we thought. But we were __ thankful for__ his kindness, so we ___30___ them. ...... Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily....... It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were ___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 【答案】21. D 22. A 24.C 30. A 33. D 34. B 39. D 40. B 【解析】21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。 22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to 　　 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。 24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 　　　 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。 30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 　　　　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。 34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 　　　7　　　 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。 36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。 39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。 40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 　　　　 called Mario, coming to 　　　 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。 8.（2023年全国乙卷）To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____23.goodbye____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it was ____25.time____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26 heartbreaking ____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her. As it turned out Douglas did ____30.exactly____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the ____33.world____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34.average____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By ____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ___confident___ all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39.more and more____ that she could make the London Games-and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did. 21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew 22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up 24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike 27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off 28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train 29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed 31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted 32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put 35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding 36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led 38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took 40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score 【答案】21. D 22. B 24. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 31. A 32. B 35. C 36. D 38. D 40. A 【解析】21.考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。 22.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。 24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。 27.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D. 28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。 29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。 31.考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。 32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。 35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。 36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。 38.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。 40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。 9.（2023年北京卷）I was always timid(羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even shyer , so it was surprising I’d 2 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night! After I got home, though. I took my time petting the cat﹣postponing the pain. When I finally sat down to 3 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighbours from 4 . One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 5 . But when mum got home from work, I was still 6 , “Five pages! That’s impossible!” “Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said. “and I want to read it when you’re through.” ...... The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 9 they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. 2．A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat 3．A．weep B．rest C．write D．read 4．A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing 5．A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in 6．A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning 9．A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict 【答案】 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 9．C 【导语】2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：初来乍到使我更加害羞，所以我应该和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的。A. nod点头；B. point指；C. listen听；D. chat闲聊。由下文“Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”.(现在我在付出代价——就“我为什么不应该在班里说话”写一篇五页的文章)”和“I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear.”可知，布莱克老师想知道我为什么不在班里说话的原因，由此可知，当老师想让我和同学们说话时，我认为要我和身边的任何人聊天这是很令人惊讶的，故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于坐下来开始写作时，我首先说出了布莱克老师想听的理由。A. weep哭泣；B. rest休息；C. write写；D. read读。由上文“to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class””可知，此处write是同词复现，我开始写这篇五页的文章，故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谈话使我和我的邻桌不能学习。A. learning学习；B. playing玩；C. planning计划；D. laughing笑。由上文“Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night!”和“I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear.”可知，现在我要写一篇五页的文章，那要花费我一晚上，所以说和邻桌谈话会阻止我和邻居学习，且以谈话会妨碍学习来解释，说明自己爱学习，这也是老师愿意听到的，故选A。 5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：书页开始飞逝。A. standing out突出；B. flying by飞越；飞逝；C. breaking up分手；D. checking in登记。由上文“Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.””可知，我开始写出很多内容，所以此处用fly by来说明我很快写出了很多页，故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈下班回家的时候，我仍然在抱怨，“五页！这不可能！”A. celebrating庆祝；B. longing渴望；C. complaining抱怨；D. warning警告。由下文““Five pages! That’s impossible!””可知，我认为我不可能写完这五页的内容，所以在抱怨，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能判断出他们不是在取笑我：他们笑是因为我有能力讲一个有趣的故事。A. hope希望；B. imagine想象；C. tell告诉；看出，判断出；区分；D. predict预计。由下文“they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story.”可知，我能判断出来，他们笑是因为我讲的故事搞笑，而不是在取笑我，故选C。 9.（2023年浙江卷1月）The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the rope higher up the tree trunk. 49 .Finally , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too early to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. .... 41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 【答案】 41．D 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 50．D 51．C 53．A 【解析】41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I _______ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to _______ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often _______”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 10.（2022年新高考I卷）My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 41 memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek.......So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. ...... 42．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 46．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 47．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 48．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 50．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 【答案】 42．A 46．A 47．D 48．B 50．C 【解析】42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。 47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。 11.（2022年新高考II卷）It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 27 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 28 . But house sitting also offers a level of comfort they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 30 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 31 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 32 . For Jessica, that means 33 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 34 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 35 ,” she says. 27．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 28．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please 30．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 31．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 32．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 33．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 34．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty 35．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression 【答案】 27．A 28．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．C 34．A 35．B 【解析】27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 12.（2022年全国甲卷）When I first dated Steve, I 43 he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I 45 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora , the cat. The next week we 47 our dogs together. It was a hot day. ...... We 51 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her leg . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly constantly climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 54 his house. All worked fine . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 56 Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 57 for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving water to the dogs that brought us together. 43．A．feared B．doubted C．hoped D．learned 45．A．predicted B．worried C．regretted D．insisted 47．A．tied B．walked C．bathed D．fed 51．A．continued B．decided C．intended D．pretended 54．A．left B．sold C．suggested D．searched 56．A．emptied B．respected C．occupied D．discovered 57．A．looking B．caring C．waiting D．calling 59．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid 【答案】43．D 45．B 47．B 51．A 54．C 56．B 57．B 59．C 【解析】43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned了解到。根据“he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora”可知，此处是指了解到这一情况。故选D。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。根据“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack”可知，此处是指“我”很担心。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。根据后文“When we paused”可知，此处是指一起遛狗。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B. decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。根据“though neither of us brought up the future”可知，此处是指“我”们继续约会。故选A。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫建议去他家。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建议，推荐；D. searched搜寻。根据后文“We made good housemates.”(我们成了很好的室友。)可知，此处是指史蒂夫建议去他家。故选C。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发现。根据后文“We made good housemates.”(我们成了很好的室友。)可知，此处是指狗狗们会尊重猫咪的空间。故选B。 57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。根据前文“Tilly had an operation”可知，此处是指史蒂夫和“我”一起照顾Tilly。故选B。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。根据nor和“He did not kneel (跪) down”可知，此处是指“我”也不需要他跪下。故选C。 13.（2022年全国乙卷）Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 41 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. ...... For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our surprising research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea. ......We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth: Now children said that they couldn’t 52 to her. A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.......They simply 58 mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.......In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it. 41．A．following B．taking C．escaping D．directing 44．A．supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted 49．A．see B．help C．reach D．fool 52．A．speak B．listen C．turn D．wave 54．A．comprehended B．predicted C．explored D．ignored 58．A．hold back B．relate to C．insist on D．make up 60．A．tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective 【答案】41．C 44．D 46．C 49．A 52．A 54．A 58．C 【解析】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”（全球的孩子们享受玩捉迷藏的游戏）可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据本句中的that从句内容“evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”并结合上文语境可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”（我们的 建议当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时，这并不是自我中心的结果）可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“Each 　　7　　 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 　　8　　.”（每个孩子和遮住了眼睛和耳朵的大人坐在一起）可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth” (大人的嘴巴被盖住了)可知，由于盖住的是嘴巴，因此同样的事情则是孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选A项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“ and knew _15_ what was asked of them”（我们年轻的主人公们理解了问题并且知道自己被问了什么）可知，只有先理解了才能能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。 58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”（只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你）可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。 14.（2022年浙江卷1月）When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her eyes , notably dryness and discomfort. "I was simply 17 a terrible experience, " Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected. " ...... Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so insignificant she said. " But more and more are suffering and lives are being 22 . Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, program at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team 24 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, ...... So far she has raised $ 110, 000 with another $40, 000 28 . "I'm trying to get more and more people to 29 that there are solutions（解决办法）said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after retirement . "I say there is no old age , there's only neglect （忽视）. Don't stand still , do something about it. " Ms. Burdeyney 33 that she is hoping to do more for the research project. " There is still a long way to go" 17．A．getting over B．going through C．holding on D．passing down 22．A．compromised B．forgotten C．substituted D．separated 24．A．informed B．doubted C．included D．dismissed 28．A．wasted B．donated C．expected D．earned 29．A．imagine B．confirm C．remember D．understand 33．A．commented B．learned C．reminded D．added 【答案】 17．B 22．A 24．C 28．C 29．D 33．D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个遭受眼睛问题之苦的Burdeyney女士积极为研究项目提供帮助以寻求解决方法的故事。 17．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只是在经历一段糟糕的体验。A. get over克服；B. go through经历；C. hold on坚持；D. pass down传递下去。根据语境可知，她遭受眼睛问题，这是一段糟糕的经历，故选B项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是越来越多的人在受苦，生命陷入危险。A. compromise使陷入危险、妥协；B. forget遗忘；C. substitute替代、代替；D. separate分隔。越来越多的人在遭受眼睛问题带来的痛苦，这属于健康问题，威胁生命，故选A项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个研究团队包括了一位加拿大博士Allan Slomovic，其他已经用干细胞就眼睛护理问题做了开创性的工作。A. inform通知；B. doubt怀疑；C. include包括；D. dismiss解散。根据语境可知，这位专家在这个团队中，故选C项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：截至目前，他们已经筹集了111000美金，有望再增加4000美金。A. waste浪费；B. donate捐赠；C. expect期待、预期；D. earn赢得。根据语境目前已经筹集了一笔钱，预期未来还有部分金额，故选C项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney说，“我正在努力让越来越多的人明白有解决办法”。A. imagine想象；B. confirm确认；C. remember记得；D. understand理解。结合前文很多人默默地受苦是因为看不到希望，所以要让他们理解办法是有的，故选D项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burdeyney补充说她希望为这个项目做得更多。A. comment评论；B. learn学习；C. remind提醒；D. add补充说。前句为她说的话，后面又继续说，即为补充说，故选D项。 15.（2022年浙江卷6月）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 16 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 17 he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement . ...... Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t 24 to lose. Every time I 25 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels safe in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt . For example , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 28 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ...... It is something that every manager should work hard to 31 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 32 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 34 you their best. 16．A．deserve B．miss C．love D．know 17．A．as if B．in case C．even though D．so that 24．A．afford B．choose C．wait D．expect 25．A．attach B．compare C．adjust D．introduce 28．A．admit B．believe C．suggest D．imagine 29．A．However B．Therefore C． D．Fortunately 31．A．assess B．organize C．develop D．understand 32．A．repeat B．follow C．change D．forget 34．A．telling B．giving C．selling D．sending 【答案】 16．C 17．A 24．A 25．D 28．B 31．C 32．B 34．B 【解析】16..考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C项。 17．考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of a  ______  relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. compare对比；C. adjust调整； D. introduce介绍。根据下文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。 16.（2022年北京卷）One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I 1 a movement of the heavy wooden door. ...... He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to 5 , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought. The next morning, one of the first to 6 was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with energy, but his laughter could be heard as loud as ever!333333 That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to 9 . To a child, every minute feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; 1．A．caused B．spotted C．checked D．imagined 5．A．recover B．play C．change D．wait 6．A．settle B．gather C．arrive D．react 9．A．show up B．pull up C．hold up D．line up 【答案】 1．B 5．A 6．C 9．A 【解析】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A. caused引起、使发生；B. spotted看见、注意到；C. checked检查、核对；D. imagined想象。根据后面的“a movement of the heavy wooden door.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spot符合语境。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A. recover恢复、康复；B. play玩闹、戏弄；C. change改变；D. wait等待。根据前面的“He was treated for frostbite on his hands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recover符合语境。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle解决、定居；B. gather聚集、召集；C. arrive到达；D. react反应。根据下文“Not only did he run in with energy,”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用arrive。故选C项 9．考查短语辨析。句意：在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现。A. show up露面，出现；B. pull up拔起、停下来；C. hold up举起、阻挡；D. line up排队。根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用show up符合语境。故选A项 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$