精品解析：江苏省常州市教育学会学业水平监测2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

常州市教育学会学业水平监测 高一英语试题 2024年4月 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman going to prepare? A. Snacks. B. Lunch. C. Dinner. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Don’t make yourself a snack now. I’m just about to start cooking. M: But I’m too hungry. It’s been hour since lunch and I’ve been at a football practice. W: Well, have a glass of milk or an apple. I’m making your favorite dishes for dinner. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How do the speakers feel about Tommy? A. Angry. B. Satisfied. C. Proud. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Call Tommy and tell him to get here now. It’s a group project. It’s being a free writer again. M: Yes, I’m fed up with him doing nothing to help our team. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the woman’s first class start? A. At 8:30 a. m. B. At 9:00 a. m. C. At 9:30 a. m. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: The rocket is taking off at nine am. I will watch it. Do you want to join me? W: Probably not. My first class will start half an hour later than that. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers probably? A. In a hospital. B. At home. C. At school. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Sarah, I’m afraid we are going to have to keep you in the whole night. W: Why? Is something wrong? M: Your heart rate keeps changing, so we need to run some tests to find the problem. W: Okay. I need to call my husband. He should be home by now. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is the man mainly speaking to the woman? A. To discuss a holiday plan. B. To make a shopping list. C. To suggest a change to their sales plan. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me Dana, may I make a suggestion about your marketing proposal? W: Sure, Tom, what are you thinking? M: Let’s begin our sales plan in December. That way we can take advantage of the holiday shopping season. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟: 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where is the man traveling from? A. Rome. B. Paris. C. Berlin. 7. Why is the man mainly traveling? A. To visit some family members, B. To go to university. C. To travel as a tourist. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, sir, what ticket would you like? M: I’m planning a trip from here in Paris to Rome, but I’m not sure if I can connect from Rome to Berlin. W: Wow, many places. If you’re traveling to many cities, I’d recommend our your rail pass. This gives you unlimited train rides around Europe for the month. M: Amazing. How much does it cost? W: It’s two hundred dollars, but there are discounts if you are a student or if you are traveling with family members. M: I’m afraid those don’t apply. But I’m happy to pay the tourist rate. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why doesn’t the woman go with the man? A. She doesn’t like the food from the market. B. She is waiting for some emails. C. She has to finish her work. 9. What sandwich once made the woman ill? A. Beef sandwich. B. Cheese sandwich. C. Chicken sandwich. 【答案】8. C 9. A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m going to get lunch. You want to come along? W: I can’t. I need to get these email sent before two p.m.. M: You want me to bring you anything back? W: Yes, could you get me a sandwich from the market? M: What would you like on it? W: Anything with chicken. M: I always find the chicken one quite dry. You should try the beef one. It’s delicious. W: No, I felt ill after I ate the beef one last time. M: What if they don’t have chicken left? W: Then just cheese one please. M: Do you want to drink? W: Yes, a coffee please. They do a meal deal for five dollars. It’s good value for money. M: I know. I’ll get the meal deal too. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Which month is it now? A. January. B. March. C. April. 11. What’s strange about the weather? A. It will snow next week. B. It’s raining all the time. C. It’s becoming warmer. 12. What will the man do during his vacation? A. Go skiing. B. Clean his house. C. Visit a beach. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】M: What’s the matter? You don’t look very happy. W: I’ve just seen the weather report. This rain will probably continue for another two weeks. M: Oh, no, the same every year. W: And the temperatures are going to fall again too, so next week the rain will become snow. M: Really? We don’t often get a good snowfall. If there’s enough snow, maybe I can get my skis out. Snow is fun. W: True, but it’s almost April not January. It should have been warm now. M: Yes, it’s pretty strange, isn’t it? Thanks for vacations. W: Oh, are you going away? M: Yes, we’re going to Spain for a week on the beach during the children’s half term break from school. W: I don’t think I’ll be able to afford a holiday this year. I’m buying a house and it’s so expensive. M: Oh, congratulations. Buying your own home is a big step. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. A university teacher and a student. B. A house agent (房产中介) and a customer. C. A tour guide and a tourist. 14. What does the woman say the apartment must have for her? A. A separate living room. B. A separate bathroom. C. A separate kitchen. 15. Who does the woman probably prefer living with? A. Kids. B. Pets. C. University students. 16. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Have a look at the apartment. B. Go through more questions. C. Discuss the rent. 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. C 16. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi! I’ve come to look at the apartment you put in the paper. M: Are you Millie? We talked on the phone yesterday. W: Yes, that’s me. Nice to meet you. M: You, too. Before I give you the tour, is it okay if I ask you some questions? W: Sure. M: Great. So Millie are you working right now or are you a student? W: Both. I’m a student at the local university, but I also have a part time job. M: That’s cool. So what kind of apartment are you looking for? A single apartment or one with a shared kitchen and a living room? W: I’m okay with either, as long as I have a separate bathroom. If possible, I’d like to go for the single apartment, but it still depends on the rent. M: Well, then what’s your range? W: I was hoping to find something from ninety dollars to one hundred and fifteen dollars a week. M: Sounds fair. Are you okay with kids or pets? W: I like kids but I prefer living with people at my age. Some pets may make me sick, so I’m not living with them. M: Wonderful. That makes hard choices easier. Let me show you around. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What was the speaker’s first job at the zoo? A. A director. B. A cleaner. C. A spokesman. 18. Which animal once attacked the speaker? A. A lion. B. An elephant. C. A tiger. 19. What is the topic of this announcement? A. The zoo is increasing in size. B. The zoo is making profits. C. The zoo is closing soon. 20. Who has donated funds to the zoo? A. The government. B. The zoo’s partners. C. The zoo’s visitors. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, I’m Felix, the zoo director when I first started working in this zoo. I was cleaning out the lion cages later on I’ve also Fed the tigers and bathe the elephants. I remembered nearly losing an ARM once in the lion cage because I wasn’t paying attention. I might have been making a very different speech today if I had. But that event stayed with me because sometimes it is easy to forget that these animals are wild. We tried to give them a good home at the same time our visitors can not only learn about animals from around the world but learn to respect them and their wild nature as well. That is why I pleased to announce that we have been given permission to develop the surrounding land. We will increase the area of land the animals use. This will allow them to move more freely in an environment similar to their natural homes. This could not have been possible without a donation from our partners as well as permission from the government. We hope to share full details with you soon. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WHAT TO WEAR *Hard hat *Goggles or eye protection N-95 respirator or one that provides even more protection *Long-sleeved shirt *Heavy work gloves *Long pants *Boots with steel toe and insole Refer to the picture (on the right)! CAUTION! *Protect wounds and cuts with waterproof bandage (防水绷带) . *Avoid heat stress by taking frequent breaks and drinking safe water. *Cleaning up sewage (污水) ? Wear rubber boots, rubber gloves, and goggles. *Be aware of your surroundings; avoid electrical lines, insects, wild or stray (流浪的) animals, and long periods under the sun. *Wash your hands with soap and water before eating. If water is not available, use hand sanitizer(免水洗手液) (containing at least 60% alcohol) . 21. Who is the text written for? A. Salesmen of disaster prevention items. B. Researchers on disasters. C. Outdoor explorers to avoid disasters. D. Cleaners after a disaster. 22. What is a must for people with wounds? A. Hard hat. B. Waterproof bandage. C. Long-sleeved shirt. D. Heavy work gloves. 23. Why is it necessary to take a rest from time to time? A. The equipment is too heavy. B. To avoid heat stress. C. The water is heavily polluted. D. To prevent harm from surroundings. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要就在特定工作或环境中应该穿戴哪些防护装备以及如何保护自己免受伤害的建议。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据CAUTION!部分的“Protect wounds and cuts with waterproof bandage(防水绷带) .(用防水绷带保护伤口和切口。)”、“Avoid heat stress by taking frequent breaks and drinking safe water.(经常休息和饮用安全的水，以避免中暑。)”和“Cleaning up sewage (污水) ? Wear rubber boots, rubber gloves, and goggles.(清理污水？穿橡胶靴、橡胶手套和护目镜。)”可知，文本中提到了保护伤口和切口的防水绷带、避免热应激、清理污水时穿戴橡胶靴和手套等，这些都是灾后清理工作中常见的安全建议。因此，本文是针对灾后清理人员而写的。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据CAUTION!部分的“Protect wounds and cuts with waterproof bandage(防水绷带) .(用防水绷带保护伤口和切口。)”可知，对于有伤口的人来说，防水绷带是必需的。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据CAUTION!部分的“Avoid heat stress by taking frequent breaks and drinking safe water.(经常休息和饮用安全的水，以避免中暑。)”可知，定时休息是为了避免中暑。故选B。 B Abel Cruz is an industrial engineer living in Lima, the capital of Peru, which is located in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. When Abel Cruz was a boy,his weekly routine was to climb down a valley in the foothills of the Peruvian Andes to get the family’s water from a spring. “It was downhill from the house, far away and steep,” he says. The Peruvian Andes are under the weather influences coming both from the Pacific Ocean and from the jungle and traditionally there is a “dry” and “rainy” season. Recent climatic changes have made the dry seasons even drier and longer. Cruz began dreaming up better ways to collect water. He noticed that some plants, for example, capture (捕获) rain and mist with their wide leaves. Eventually, he struck upon the idea of a fog net, a concept that he would go on to share around the world. Each vertical (垂直的) net is 215 square feet of man-made resin (树脂). Micro-droplets (滴液) of water gather together and then fall down into collection tanks. One net can collect 50 to 100 gallons per day. Locals can carry back the water in small containers like buckets for their small farms. Working in Lima, Peru, with support from the Creating Water Foundation, Cruz has installed (安装) more than 3,600 nets on the bare hillsides around the city to capture fog coming from the Pacific Ocean. This should help bring relief to the city of more than 9 million, which tends to have little rainfall and suffers from frequent lack of water. “The planet has less and less fresh water,” Cruz points out, “because the glaciers (冰川) that are natural water collection tanks are disappearing. So, we must find a way to store and save water for times of drought.” 24. Which of the following can best describe Abel Cruz’s work of getting water from a spring? A. Tiring. B. Entertaining. C. Unnecessary. D. Economic. 25. What is the nature (本质) of Cruz’s way? A. Capturing rain with wide leaves. B. Gathering fog droplets with big nets. C. Turning resin into water droplets. D. Carrying water into collection tanks. 26. Which of the following is the most important for Cruz’s invention to function well? A. The net is man-made. B. The collection tanks are made of resin. C. The net is vertically installed on the hillsides. D. Locals must carry water in small containers. 27. What causes Cruz to invent his way? A. His concerns over world’s lack of water. B. His engineering experience. C. Support from Creating Water Foundation. D. His geographic knowledge on his home country. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Abel Cruz作为一名工业工程师，发明并推广了一种新型的集水方法——雾网（fog net），以解决秘鲁首都利马及其周边地区因气候变化导致的干旱和水资源短缺问题。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段““It was downhill from the house, far away and steep,” he says.(他说：“它距离家很远，从山上走下来很陡峭。”)”可知，从山上走到泉边取水很费力气，因此可以推断出Abel Cruz取水的工作是累人的。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Eventually, he struck upon the idea of a fog net, a concept that he would go on to share around the world.(最终，他突然想到了雾网的想法，他将继续在世界各地分享这个概念。)”和文章第五段“Each vertical (垂直的) net is 215 square feet of man-made resin (树脂). Micro-droplets (滴液) of water gather together and then fall down into collection tanks.(每个垂直网是215平方英尺的人造树脂。微小的水滴聚集在一起，然后落入集水罐。)”可知，Cruz的方法的本质是使用大网来收集雾滴。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Eventually, he struck upon the idea of a fog net, a concept that he would go on to share around the world.(最终，他突然想到了雾网的想法，他将继续在世界各地分享这个概念。)”和文章第五段“Each vertical (垂直的) net is 215 square feet of man-made resin (树脂). Micro-droplets (滴液) of water gather together and then fall down into collection tanks.(每个垂直网是215平方英尺的人造树脂。微小的水滴聚集在一起，然后落入集水罐。)”以及文章最后一段“Working in Lima, Peru, with support from the Creating Water Foundation, Cruz has installed (安装) more than 3,600 nets on the bare hillsides around the city to capture fog coming from the Pacific Ocean.( 在秘鲁利马，在创造水基金会的支持下，克鲁兹在城市周围光秃秃的山坡上安装了3600多张网，以捕捉来自太平洋的雾。)”可知，Cruz的发明是一种雾网，它被垂直安装在山坡上以捕捉来自太平洋的雾。这种垂直安装的方式使得微水滴能够聚集并流入收集罐中。由此可知，网被垂直安装在山坡上对克鲁兹的发明发挥作用最重要。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““The planet has less and less fresh water,” Cruz points out, “because the glaciers (冰川) that are natural water collection tanks are disappearing. So, we must find a way to store and save water for times of drought.”(“地球上的淡水越来越少，”克鲁兹指出，因为“作为天然蓄水池的冰川正在消失。因此，我们必须找到一种方法来储存和节约水，以备干旱时使用。”)”可知，对世界缺水的担忧让克鲁兹发明了他的方法。故选A。 C A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface. Through that opening, red-hot rock and hot gases escape. This can be a sudden and thunderous puff of ash and gas, or it can be a continuous flow of lava (岩浆) destroying everything in its path. The danger of a volcano may explain why its importance are often ignored. They exist for hundreds of thousands of years, and the gases they release come from the inside of our planet. They are probably the very gases that created Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) billions of years ago. Both awful and amazing, volcanoes have much more to offer than other geographical events. Volcanic regions are hotbeds of biodiversity. The lava islands of the Galapagos in the Eastern Pacific are textbook examples in action. As lava hardens and begins to erode (风化) over the course of years or centuries, the nutrients and minerals from the volcanoes create rich soil.Some of the world’s most productive regions for farming, such as in Indonesia and Central build up underground aquifers (含水层). For example, without the Tibesti and its five volcanoes in the north of Chad and in southern Libya, the eastern Sahara would be even drier. Volcanoes also produce geothermal energy, which makes up significant shares of electricity supply in a growing number of countries, including EI Salvador, Kenya and New Zealand. The most common type of volcanic rock, basalt (玄武岩), is capable of permanently trapping (卡住) carbon dioxide. This will make volcanoes an important player in the game of catching and storing carbon. Long viewed as a fearsome enemy of humankind, volcanoes may yet become a savior. 28. What is the text mainly about? A. The definition of volcanoes. B. The value of volcanoes. C. The danger of volcanoes. D. The type of volcanoes. 29. What can we say about the Earth’s atmosphere and volcanoes? A. They are both made up of gases. B. The Earth’s atmosphere comes from volcanoes. C. They formed in the same time period. D. There might be some connection between them. 30. What does the example of lava islands of the Galapagos show? A. The cause of a volcano. B. The procedure of a volcanic eruption. C. The contribution of volcanoes to rich soil. D. The influence of biodiversity on volcanoes. 31. What does the underlined this in the last paragraph mean? A. Carbon dioxide. B. The most common type of volcanic rock. C. Basalt’s being the most common type of volcanic rock. D. Volcanic rocks’ ability to permanently trap carbon dioxide. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了火山的特点和重要性。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中“Long viewed as a fearsome enemy of humankind, volcanoes may yet become a savior. (长期以来，火山一直被视为人类的可怕敌人，但现在却可能成为救世主。)”可知，文章主要讲述了火山的价值，故选B项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“They are probably the very gases that created Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) billions of years ago. Both awful and amazing, volcanoes have much more to offer than other geographical events. (它们可能是数十亿年前创造地球大气层（大气层）的气体。火山既可怕又令人惊叹，比其他地理事件要多得多。)”可知，地球的大气层和火山形成存在某种联系，故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“The lava islands of the Galapagos in the Eastern Pacific are textbook examples in action. As lava hardens and begins to erode (风化) over the course of years or centuries, the nutrients and minerals from the volcanoes create rich soil. (东太平洋加拉帕戈斯熔岩岛是教科书上的例子。随着熔岩在数年或几个世纪的过程中变硬并开始侵蚀（风化），火山的营养物质和矿物质创造了肥沃的土壤。)”可知，加拉帕戈斯熔岩岛是的例子显示了火山对肥沃土壤的贡献，故选C项。 【31题详解】 指代猜测题。根据最后一段中“The most common type of volcanic rock, basalt (玄武岩), is capable of permanently trapping (卡住) carbon dioxide. This will make volcanoes an important player in the game of catching and storing carbon. (最常见的火山岩类型，玄武岩，能够永久捕获二氧化碳。这将使火山成为捕获和储存碳游戏中的重要参与者。)”可知，this指代的是“火山岩永久封存二氧化碳的能力”，故选D项。 D When we wake up, how many of us think of what we want to do today? Almost all of us. How many of us think of improving at what we do or focus on personal growth and development? Not many. As Josh Waitzkin, a talented chess player and martial arts world champion, said in his book The Art of Learning, “We focus so much on the result that the details of the learning process are lost on us.” Why is the process of learning so important? If we are getting the result,why do we have to learn or do things in a better way? My point: Life is a marathon, not a sprint (冲刺). You have to keep running. You have to build the base of the house strong enough so that it could bear every earthquake or storm. And believe me, bad days come. That base is the process of learning. Learning is more important than the result. And those who understand this always win. Many of us, me included, do not realize the importance of this process. When I used to code (编程), rather than understanding the root cause of a code break, I was more interested in just fixing the issue. The next time a similar issue occurred, I worked from scratch again. I didn’t learn anything from the first time and ended up spending even more time later on the same thing. If you were a designer but didn’t understand how 3D objects could be presented in 2D, you might look at someone else’s sheet and get the work done. But what about the next time? And the next time? If we don’t do something properly — it could be worse than not doing it at all. But if we focus on the learning process, we could be faster and better for any future problems. 32. If you think of what you want to do today after you wake up, it means you are focusing on . A. the result B. the learning process C. your personal growth D. building the base of your life 33. What does the author say about bad days in life in paragraph 5? A. They are the root cause of failure. B. They can be avoided with careful work. C. We don’t need to worry too much about them. D. We should be prepared for them. 34. What does the underlined phrase ”worked from scratch“ most probably mean? A. worked very hard B. lost my interest C. started from the beginning D. solved the problem very fast 35. What is the best title of this article? A. Why the Process of Learning Matters More Than the Result. B. Why the Result Are Often Focused on. C. If You Want to Succeed, Please Learn from Others. D. If You Can’t Get a Good Result, Please Stop. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们应该更加重视学习过程而非仅仅结果。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When we wake up, how many of us think of what we want to do today? Almost all of us. (当我们醒来时，我们中有多少人想到我们今天想做什么？几乎我们所有人。)”和第三段“As Josh Waitzkin, a talented chess player and martial arts world champion, said in his book The Art of Learning, “We focus so much on the result that the details of the learning process are lost on us.”(正如才华横溢的国际象棋选手和武术世界冠军乔什·韦茨金（Josh Waitzkin）在他的《学习的艺术》一书中所说，“我们过于关注结果，以至于我们失去了学习过程的细节。”)”可知，如果你醒来后想到你今天想做什么，这意味着你在关注结果，故选A项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“My point: Life is a marathon, not a sprint(冲刺).You have to keep running. You have to build the base of the house strong enough so that it could bear every earthquake or storm. And believe me, bad days come. (我的观点：人生是一场马拉松，不是短跑。你必须继续奔跑。你必须把房子的地基建造得足够坚固，这样它才能承受每一次地震或风暴。相信我，糟糕的日子来了。)”可知，我们应该为生活中的糟糕日子做好准备，故选D项。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第七段中“The next time a similar issue occurred, I worked from scratch again. I didn’t learn anything from the first time and ended up spending even more time later on the same thing. (下次发生类似问题时，我再次……。我从第一次开始就没有学到任何东西，最终在同样的事情上花了更多的时间。)”可知，下次在发生类似的问题时，“我”会重头开始，worked from scratch在句中的意思为“从头开始”，故选C项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If we don’t do something properly - it could be worse than not doing it at all. But if we focus on the learning process, we could be faster and better for any future problems. (如果我们没有正确地做某事——这可能比根本不做更糟糕。但是，如果我们专注于学习过程，我们可以更快更好地应对未来的任何问题。)”可知，文章主要讲述了我们应该更加重视学习过程而非仅仅结果，A项“Why the Process of Learning Matters More Than the Result. (为什么学习的过程比结果更重要。)”最能概括全文，故选A项。 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What does the term “dinosaur” actually mean? What Beatles’ song stayed in the US singles chart for the longest? Who was the president of the United States when Uncle Sam first got his beard? These are not just questions from a particularly difficult public test. ____36____ After asking a group of twenty-four volunteers these questions, they asked each of them to rate how much they cared about the answers to each question, from “low-curiosity” to “high-curiosity”. And then they let the questions stay in the minds of the participants (参与者) for a while. The answers, by the way, are “terrible lizard”, Hey Jude’ and Abraham Lincoln.) ____37____ For one thing, the researches assumed that when people were curious about something, they remembered the details better. They were right. The study showed that people were 20 percent more likely to recall an interesting fact. But what was perhaps more surprising was what was going on in people’s brains at the point that they recalled these facts. ____38____ They seemed to receive a hit of dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is one of our feel-good hormones and activates the part of the brain responsible for learning and forming memories. So, for the study participants, appealing to their curiosity made them feel good. ____39____ Making full use of your curiosity is an important method for building adventure into your life. ____40____ It also allows us to focus longer. After thorough researching the biographies of some of history’s most pioneering minds, from Leonardo da Vinci to Steve Jobs,the writer Walter Isscson summarized his findings thus: ‘Being curious about everything not only makes you more creative. It enriches your life A. Curiosity doesn’t simply make our lives more enjoyable. B. They are used by researchers in a pioneering experiment. C. Feeling good is a normal thing, not something unusual. D. When given a brain X-ray examination, their brain activity was quite different. E. They are three of the most interesting questions worldwide. F. The researchers tried to figure out what effect curiosity had on people’s minds. G. They in turn become better at receiving information. 【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. G 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨好奇心如何影响人们对信息的记忆、学习和创造力，并强调充分利用好奇心对于丰富生活的重要性。 【36题详解】 根据上文“These are not just questions from a particularly difficult public test.(这些问题不只是来自一场特别难的公开考试)”可知，空处承接上文，指出这些问题的用途，B项中的they指代上文的questions。B项：They are used by researchers in a pioneering experiment.(它们被研究人员用于一项开创性的实验。)符合语境。故选B。 【37题详解】 根据下文“For one thing, the researches assumed that when people were curious about something, they remembered the details better. They were right. The study showed that people were 20 percent more likely to recall an interesting fact.(首先，研究人员假设，当人们对某件事感到好奇时，他们会更好地记住细节。他们是对的。研究表明，人们回忆起有趣事实的可能性要高出20%)”可知，下文提到了当人们对某件事物感到好奇时，他们能更好地记住细节，因此本段主旨是研究人员尝试弄清楚好奇心对思想的影响。F项：The researchers tried to figure out what effect curiosity had on people’s minds.(研究人员试图弄清楚好奇心对人们的思想有什么影响。)符合语境。故选F。 【38题详解】 根据下文“They seemed to receive a hit of dopamine (多巴胺).(他们似乎受到了多巴胺的刺激)”可知，当他们回忆这些事实时，他们的大脑活动发生了很大的变化，似乎接收到了一次多巴胺的冲击。因此，可以推断出此处描述的是他们在接受大脑X光检查时的情况。D项：When given a brain X-ray examination, their brain activity was quite different.(当给他们做脑部X光检查时，他们的脑部活动完全不同。)符合语境。故选D。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Dopamine is one of our feel-good hormones and activates the part of the brain responsible for learning and forming memories. So, for the study participants, appealing to their curiosity made them feel good.(多巴胺是一种让我们感觉良好的荷尔蒙，它能激活大脑中负责学习和形成记忆的部分。因此，对于研究参与者来说，激发他们的好奇心会让他们感觉良好)”可知，空处承接上文，进一步指出激发好奇心的好处。G项中的they指代上文的participants。G项：They in turn become better at receiving information.(反过来，他们更善于接收信息。)符合语境。故选G。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Making full use of your curiosity is an important method for building adventure into your life.(充分利用你的好奇心是在你的生活中建立冒险的一个重要方法。)”和下文“It also allows us to focus longer.(它还能让我们更专注)”可知，空处和下文并列，一起说明好奇心的好处。A项中的doesn’t simply和下文的also对应。A项：Curiosity doesn’t simply make our lives more enjoyable.(好奇心不仅仅使我们的生活更愉快。)符合语境。故选A。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The wind was blowing from all directions. Another Iowa storm was ____41____. Alice ran into the farmhouse on the hill above Honey Creek. Thunder rattled (咯咯作响) along as she looked out the window to the railroad tracks below. They ____42____ her of father, a railroad man. Alice loved hearing the trains rumble (轰隆) ____43____ over Honey Creek Bridge. Every day she heard the trains’ sounds and knew their ____44____, when they would arrive and when they would leave. The windows of the little house continued to rattle as the storm invaded the night. She watched the stream rise higher — almost ____45____ the tracks of Honey Creek Bridge. Suddenly, Alice heard a loud crash. She knew that something must have gone wrong with the ____46____. Taking her lantern, Alice slid down the ____47____ hillside to the washed-out bridge. She would have to make her way through the dark woods to the Moingona train depot (中转站). There she could get help and stop the Atlantic Express, but first she had to ____48____ the Des Moines River Bridge. As Alice finally reached the bridge, the wind ____49____ her lantern, nearly 700 feet of bridge lay ahead. _____50_____ and shaking, Alice got down on her hands and knees and began to crawl (爬). When she was halfway across the bridge, lightning showed a giant tree in the river rushing towards her. Luckily, the tree _____51_____ its course and she felt its spray (喷扫) of water. Finally, Alice _____52_____ her way across and ran to the train depot. Breaking through the door, she shouted something about _____53_____ the Atlantic Express, and then fell down to the floor. Alice’s story did not go _____54_____. Newspapers spread her story. And Alice received a medal for her _____55_____ along with a lifetime train pass. 41. A. approaching B. exploring C. disappearing D. recycling 42. A. warned B. reminded C. convinced D. informed 43. A. ups and downs B. back and forth C. in and out D. far and wide 44. A. changes B. directions C. schedules D. measures 45. A. flashing B. attaching C. shocking D. touching 46. A. bridge B. train C. stream D. valley 47. A. untidy B. muddy C. empty D. ugly 48. A. replace B. repair C. cross D. check 49. A. broke out B. put out C. gave out D. found out 50. A. Excited B. Interested C. Tired D. Moved 51. A. escaped B. reached C. blocked D. changed 52. A. inched B. lost C. signaled D. marched 53. A. stopping B. finding C. driving D. taking 54. A. wrong B. ahead C. unpunished D. unnoticed 55. A. wisdom B. generosity C. patience D. courage 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. D 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Alice的女孩在暴风雨中勇敢地穿越一座即将被洪水冲毁的桥梁，以阻止一列火车继续前行的故事。她成功地向中转站求助，并因此获得了人们的赞誉和奖励。这个故事展示了Alice的勇敢、智慧和为拯救生命而采取行动的决心。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱荷华州的另一场风暴正在逼近。A. approaching接近，靠近；B. exploring探索；C. disappearing消失；D. recycling回收利用。根据下文“Thunder rattled (咯咯作响) along as she looked out the window to the railroad tracks below.”可知，一场暴风雨即将来临。故选A。 42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们让她想起了父亲，一个铁路工人。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. convinced使信服；D. informed通知。根据上文“The wind was blowing from all directions.”和“Thunder rattled (咯咯作响)”可知，大风和雷声让Alice想起了她的父亲。remind sb of...“使某人想起……”，故选B。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：Alice喜欢听火车在蜂蜜溪桥上隆隆驶过和往返的声音。A. ups and downs起伏不定；B. back and forth来回地，往返；C. in and out进进出出；D. far and wide到处，广泛地。根据下文“Every day she heard the trains’ sounds and knew their ____4____, when they would arrive and when they would leave.”可知，Alice喜欢听火车在蜂蜜溪桥上往返的声音。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她每天都能听到火车的声音，知道火车的时刻表，知道火车什么时候到达，什么时候离开。A. changes变化；B. directions方向；C. schedules日程安排，明细表；D. measures措施。根据“when they would arrive and when they would leave”可知，Alice知道火车的时刻表。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看着河水越涨越高，几乎要碰到蜂蜜溪桥的桥墩了。A. flashing闪光；B. attaching附加；C. shocking震惊；D. touching接触。根据“She watched the stream rise higher”可知，水几乎要碰到蜂蜜溪桥的桥墩了。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道桥一定出了什么问题。A. bridge桥；B. train火车；C. stream小溪；D. valley峡谷。根据“Suddenly, Alice heard a loud crash.”和下文“the washed-out bridge”可知，桥出了问题。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alice提着灯笼，从泥泞的山坡上滑下，来到了被冲垮的桥上。A. untidy不整洁的；B. muddy泥泞的；C. empty空的；D. ugly丑的。根据“The windows of the little house continued to rattle as the storm invaded the night.”可知，下了暴风雨，因此山坡上是泥泞的。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她可以得到帮助并阻止大西洋快运，但首先她必须穿过得第蒙河大桥。A. replace代替；B. repair修理；C. cross穿过；D. check检查。根据“As Alice finally reached the bridge, the wind ____9____ her lantern, nearly 700 feet of bridge lay ahead.”可知，Alice首先必须穿过第蒙河大桥。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Alice终于走到桥上时，风吹灭了她的灯笼。A. broke out爆发；B. put out熄灭；C. gave out分发；D. found out查出。根据“the wind”可知，风吹灭了她的灯笼。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alice又累又发抖，她双手跪在地上，开始爬起来。A. Excited感到兴奋的；B. Interested有趣的；C. Tired劳累的；D. Moved感动的。根据“Alice got down on her hands and knees and began to crawl (爬).”可知，Alice非常疲惫。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，树改变了方向，她感觉到它的水花。A. escaped逃跑；B. reached到达；C. blocked阻碍；D. changed改变。根据“When she was halfway across the bridge, lightning showed a giant tree in the river rushing towards her.”和“Luckily”可知，树最终改变了方向，没有打到她，这是幸运的事。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Alice慢慢地走过去，向火车站跑去。A. inched谨慎移动；B. lost丢失；C. signaled标志，预示；D. marched行进。根据“began to crawl (爬).”可知，Alice慢慢地走过去。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她破门而入，大喊着要拦住大西洋快车，然后倒在了地板上。A. stopping停止；B. finding找到，发现；C. driving驾驶；D. taking带走。根据上文“stop the Atlantic Express”可知，此处表示要阻止大西洋快运。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alice的故事并没有被忽视。A. wrong错误的；B. ahead前面的；C. unpunished未受惩罚的；D. unnoticed不被注意的。根据“Newspapers spread her story.”可知，Alice的故事并没有被忽视。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alice因为她的勇气获得了一枚奖章和一张终身火车通行证。A. wisdom智慧；B. generosity慷慨，大方；C. patience耐心；D. courage勇气。根据上文“Breaking through the door, she shouted something about ____13____ the Atlantic Express, then fell down to the floor.”可知，Alice在暴风雨中努力叫停了大西洋快运，避免了事故，这很有勇气。故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 He could still remember the day when he first met her. It was a bright morning ____56____ (fill) with the sweet smell of flowers in the air. While____57____ (walk) along the path, he saw a girl sitting under a tree, reading a book. Her longhair flowing in the breeze, she seemed like an angel. The book she was reading, ____58____ classic, caught his attention. He really had a strong desire ____59____ (talk) to her, but he didn’t have the courage. Finally, after gathering up all his ____60____ (brave), he walked towards her. “Excuse me, but can I join you?” he asked. She looked up, and her big eyes, ____61____ were like shining stars, met his. A smile appeared on her face. “____62____(sound) great!” she replied. For the next few hours they talked and laughed about everything, sharing their stories and dreams ____63____ particular. He thought that maybe this was the beginning of something wonderful, something he had been waiting for all along. ____64____ he didn’t know that this moment _____65_____ (become) a memory he would hold dear for the rest of his life. －Adapted from “Wuthering Heights” 【答案】56. filled 57. walking 58. a 59. to talk 60. bravery 61. which 62. Sounds 63. in 64. But 65. would become 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章改编自著名小说《呼啸山庄》，描述主人公的这次偶遇和感受，表达了对爱情美好开始的向往和对珍贵回忆的珍视。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个阳光明媚的早晨，空气中弥漫着花香。be filled with为固定搭配，意为“充满”此处作后置定语，修饰名词morning，需用过去分词形式。故填filled。 【57题详解】 考查省略。句意：当他沿着小路走时候，他看见一个女孩坐在树下看书。while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是While he was walking along the path，省略了he was。故填walking。 【58题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她正在读的那本书是一本经典名著，引起了他的注意。classic为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且classic发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他真的很想和她说话，但他没有勇气。空处修饰名词desire，作后置定语，需用动词不定式。故填to talk。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：最后，他鼓起所有的勇气，向她走去。空处需填名词bravery，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填bravery。 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她抬起头来，她那双像闪亮的星星一样的大眼睛与他的眼睛相遇了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词eyes，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【62题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“听起来不错!”她回答说。结合上文对话““Excuse me, but can I join you?””可知，使用一般现在时，此处主语为上文中男主人公的请求，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Sounds。 63题详解】 考查介词。句意：在接下来的几个小时里，他们有说有笑，尤其是分享他们的故事和梦想。in particular为固定搭配，意为“尤其”。故填in。 【64题详解】 考查连词。句意：但他不知道，这一刻将成为他余生珍视的记忆。前文提到“他认为这可能是美好事物的开始”，而后文则提到“他不知道这一刻会成为他一生中最珍贵的回忆”，因此需要使用转折连词来连接这两个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填But。 【65题详解】 考查动词时态。句意同上。此处表示“他不知道这一刻会成为他一生中最珍贵的回忆”，应该使用过去将来时would become作为谓语，表示“将会变成”。故填would become。 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假如你是李华，你的初中同学兼英文笔友James听说你在刚刚结束的高中英语读写比赛(Reading for Writing Contest)中获得了一等奖，特发邮件来表示祝贺并向你咨询参赛事宜，希望你推荐一本适合的小说作为下一届参赛读物。请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1.推荐合适的小说； 2.阐述推荐该小说的理由。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear James, Thanks for congratulating me! _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear James, Thanks for congratulating me ! I’m thrilled and appreciate your kind words. For your inquiry about the next contest, I highly recommend To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee. This classic novel is not only an engaging story but also explores themes of social injustice, courage and growth, which are excellent subjects for writing. The vivid characters and powerful narrative make it a perfect choice for the competition. I hope you’ll enjoy reading it and find it useful for your writing. Good luck in the next contest! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英文笔友James回信，推荐一本适合的小说作为下一届参赛读物。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→exciting 感谢：appreciate→be grateful 选择：choice→option 喜欢：enjoy→be fond of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For your inquiry about the next contest, I highly recommend To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee. 拓展句：For your inquiry about the next contest, I highly recommend To Kill a Mockingbird, which was written by Harper Lee. 【点睛】[高分句型1]This classic novel is not only an engaging story but also explores themes of social injustice, courage and growth, which are excellent subjects for writing.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]I hope you’ll enjoy reading it and find it useful for your writing.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There once was a little village situated in the rich area of New Delhi, Just beyond the village lay a pond, which was a deep dark blue in the middle. Beautiful plants grew all over it. All the children in the village loved the pond. They frequently came to swim and play with water in it. During the summers, the cool water would refresh them from all the dust and heat, and even prevent them from getting immersed (沉溺于) in social networking apps like We Chat or Whats App.“It’s so nice and beautiful,” they would all say. Then, one day, the villagers began to send the water from the pond into small channels leading to the nearby fields. These channels looked like tiny streams, and they called them irrigation (灌溉) channels, saying that it would help the growth of the plants in their fields to become taller and greener. After some time, the plants did grow taller and stronger. However, the pond was no longer as deep as before; it became shallow. Sometime later, a factory appeared near the village, letting out a lot of thick black smelly smoke and released (排放) many chemicals into the pond. As these chemicals traveled from the pond through the channels to the fields, many plants died. The pond turned black and produced an awful smell, causing the children to lose their desire to get close to it anymore. They couldn’t even think of splashing water and playing in it as they used to. “It is so dirty.How can we play in it?” they said. Then came the burning hot summer. The pond dried up entirely, without a single drop of water remaining. The beautiful plants surrounding it died too. The once lively village now looked ugly, its beauty lost forever, leaving only memories of what once was. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The children decided to do something to make a difference. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Over time, their efforts, especially what they did through the apps, took effect. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The children decided to do something to make a difference. United by their longing for the pond’s former splendor, they brainstormed ideas during their after-school gatherings. They initiated a plan that involved cleaning the pond and its surroundings.They planned to raise people’s awareness about environmental protection through social networking apps like WeChat and WhatsApp, which they had previously tried to avoid. With a shared goal in their hearts, they formed a group on these platforms, posting pictures of the pond’s past beauty alongside its current state. Over time, their efforts, especially what they did through the apps, took effect. Not only did they manage to gather funds for cleanup equipment and eco-friendly treatments for the contaminated water, but their online campaign also attracted the attention of local authorities and environmental organizations. The factory, which was under immense pressure from the public, installed filters to treat its emissions and waste, stopping further pollution. As the pond slowly returned to its former depth and clarity, the plants around it began to regenerate.The children’s determination had not only saved their beloved pond but also taught their community a valuable lesson about sustainability and the power of collective action. 【解析】 【导语】本文以儿童的视角和行动为线索，主要讲述了孩子们如何通过团结协作与智慧利用现代科技手段，成功挽救了村庄池塘环境恶化的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“孩子们决定做些事情来改变现状。”可知，第一段可描写孩子们具体行动策略，包括他们如何分工合作进行实地清理工作，以及如何在社交媒体上策划宣传活动，利用WeChat和WhatsApp等平台分享信息，唤起公众对环境问题的关注。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着时间的推移，他们的努力，尤其是通过应用程序所做的工作，开始见效。”可知，第二段可描写他们的行动所带来的积极变化，以及这些措施对池塘恢复的具体效果。 2. 续写线索：困境反思——团结协作——线上倡议——引起重视——环境复苏 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①讨论想法：brainstorm ideas/exchange thoughts ②清理池塘：clean the pond/tidy up the pond ③组建小组：form a group/create a team 情绪类 ①决心：determination/resolution ②向往：long for/yearn for 【点睛】【高分句型1】They initiated a plan that involved cleaning the pond and its surroundings.(运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】The factory, which was under immense pressure from the public, installed filters to treat its emissions and waste, stopping further pollution.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，不定式作目的状语，现在分词短语作结果状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 常州市教育学会学业水平监测 高一英语试题 2024年4月 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman going to prepare? A. Snacks. B. Lunch. C. Dinner. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How do the speakers feel about Tommy? A. Angry. B. Satisfied. C. Proud. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the woman’s first class start? A. At 8:30 a. m. B. At 9:00 a. m. C. At 9:30 a. m. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers probably? A. In a hospital. B. At home. C. At school. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is the man mainly speaking to the woman? A. To discuss a holiday plan. B. To make a shopping list. C. To suggest a change to their sales plan. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟: 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where is the man traveling from? A. Rome. B. Paris. C. Berlin. 7. Why is the man mainly traveling? A. To visit some family members, B. To go to university. C. To travel as a tourist. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why doesn’t the woman go with the man? A. She doesn’t like the food from the market. B. She is waiting for some emails. C. She has to finish her work. 9. What sandwich once made the woman ill? A. Beef sandwich. B. Cheese sandwich. C. Chicken sandwich. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Which month is it now? A. January. B. March. C. April. 11. What’s strange about the weather? A. It will snow next week. B. It’s raining all the time. C. It’s becoming warmer. 12. What will the man do during his vacation? A. Go skiing. B. Clean his house. C Visit a beach. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. A university teacher and a student. B. A house agent (房产中介) and a customer. C. A tour guide and a tourist. 14. What does the woman say the apartment must have for her? A. A separate living room. B. A separate bathroom. C. A separate kitchen. 15. Who does the woman probably prefer living with? A. Kids. B. Pets. C. University students. 16. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Have a look at the apartment. B. Go through more questions. C. Discuss the rent. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What was the speaker’s first job at the zoo? A. A director. B A cleaner. C. A spokesman. 18. Which animal once attacked the speaker? A. A lion. B. An elephant. C. A tiger. 19. What is the topic of this announcement? A. The zoo is increasing in size. B. The zoo is making profits. C. The zoo is closing soon. 20. Who has donated funds to the zoo? A. The government. B. The zoo’s partners. C. The zoo’s visitors. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WHAT TO WEAR *Hard hat *Goggles or eye protection N-95 respirator or one that provides even more protection *Long-sleeved shirt *Heavy work gloves *Long pants *Boots with steel toe and insole Refer to the picture (on the right)! CAUTION! *Protect wounds and cuts with waterproof bandage (防水绷带) . *Avoid heat stress by taking frequent breaks and drinking safe water. *Cleaning up sewage (污水) ? Wear rubber boots, rubber gloves, and goggles. *Be aware of your surroundings; avoid electrical lines, insects, wild or stray (流浪的) animals, and long periods under the sun. *Wash your hands with soap and water before eating. If water is not available, use hand sanitizer(免水洗手液) (containing at least 60% alcohol) . 21. Who is the text written for? A. Salesmen of disaster prevention items. B. Researchers on disasters. C. Outdoor explorers to avoid disasters. D. Cleaners after a disaster. 22. What is a must for people with wounds? A. Hard hat. B. Waterproof bandage. C. Long-sleeved shirt. D. Heavy work gloves. 23. Why is it necessary to take a rest from time to time? A. The equipment is too heavy. B. To avoid heat stress. C. The water is heavily polluted. D. To prevent harm from surroundings. B Abel Cruz is an industrial engineer living in Lima, the capital of Peru, which is located in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. When Abel Cruz was a boy,his weekly routine was to climb down a valley in the foothills of the Peruvian Andes to get the family’s water from a spring. “It was downhill from the house, far away and steep,” he says. The Peruvian Andes are under the weather influences coming both from the Pacific Ocean and from the jungle and traditionally there is a “dry” and “rainy” season. Recent climatic changes have made the dry seasons even drier and longer. Cruz began dreaming up better ways to collect water. He noticed that some plants, for example, capture (捕获) rain and mist with their wide leaves. Eventually, he struck upon the idea of a fog net, a concept that he would go on to share around the world. Each vertical (垂直的) net is 215 square feet of man-made resin (树脂). Micro-droplets (滴液) of water gather together and then fall down into collection tanks. One net can collect 50 to 100 gallons per day. Locals can carry back the water in small containers like buckets for their small farms. Working in Lima, Peru, with support from the Creating Water Foundation, Cruz has installed (安装) more than 3,600 nets on the bare hillsides around the city to capture fog coming from the Pacific Ocean. This should help bring relief to the city of more than 9 million, which tends to have little rainfall and suffers from frequent lack of water. “The planet has less and less fresh water,” Cruz points out, “because the glaciers (冰川) that are natural water collection tanks are disappearing. So, we must find a way to store and save water for times of drought.” 24. Which of the following can best describe Abel Cruz’s work of getting water from a spring? A. Tiring. B. Entertaining. C. Unnecessary. D. Economic. 25. What is the nature (本质) of Cruz’s way? A. Capturing rain with wide leaves. B. Gathering fog droplets with big nets. C. Turning resin into water droplets. D. Carrying water into collection tanks. 26. Which of the following is the most important for Cruz’s invention to function well? A. The net is man-made. B. The collection tanks are made of resin. C. The net is vertically installed on the hillsides. D. Locals must carry water in small containers. 27. What causes Cruz to invent his way? A. His concerns over world’s lack of water. B. His engineering experience. C. Support from Creating Water Foundation. D. His geographic knowledge on his home country. C A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface. Through that opening, red-hot rock and hot gases escape. This can be a sudden and thunderous puff of ash and gas, or it can be a continuous flow of lava (岩浆) destroying everything in its path. The danger of a volcano may explain why its importance are often ignored. They exist for hundreds of thousands of years, and the gases they release come from the inside of our planet. They are probably the very gases that created Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) billions of years ago. Both awful and amazing, volcanoes have much more to offer than other geographical events. Volcanic regions are hotbeds of biodiversity. The lava islands of the Galapagos in the Eastern Pacific are textbook examples in action. As lava hardens and begins to erode (风化) over the course of years or centuries, the nutrients and minerals from the volcanoes create rich soil.Some of the world’s most productive regions for farming, such as in Indonesia and Central build up underground aquifers (含水层). For example, without the Tibesti and its five volcanoes in the north of Chad and in southern Libya, the eastern Sahara would be even drier. Volcanoes also produce geothermal energy, which makes up significant shares of electricity supply in a growing number of countries, including EI Salvador, Kenya and New Zealand. The most common type of volcanic rock, basalt (玄武岩), is capable of permanently trapping (卡住) carbon dioxide. This will make volcanoes an important player in the game of catching and storing carbon. Long viewed as a fearsome enemy of humankind, volcanoes may yet become a savior. 28. What is the text mainly about? A. The definition of volcanoes. B. The value of volcanoes. C. The danger of volcanoes. D. The type of volcanoes. 29. What can we say about the Earth’s atmosphere and volcanoes? A. They are both made up of gases. B. The Earth’s atmosphere comes from volcanoes. C. They formed in the same time period. D. There might be some connection between them. 30. What does the example of lava islands of the Galapagos show? A. The cause of a volcano. B. The procedure of a volcanic eruption. C. The contribution of volcanoes to rich soil. D. The influence of biodiversity on volcanoes. 31. What does the underlined this in the last paragraph mean? A. Carbon dioxide. B. The most common type of volcanic rock. C. Basalt’s being the most common type of volcanic rock. D. Volcanic rocks’ ability to permanently trap carbon dioxide. D When we wake up how many of us think of what we want to do today? Almost all of us. How many of us think of improving at what we do or focus on personal growth and development? Not many. As Josh Waitzkin, a talented chess player and martial arts world champion, said in his book The Art of Learning, “We focus so much on the result that the details of the learning process are lost on us.” Why is the process of learning so important? If we are getting the result,why do we have to learn or do things in a better way? My point: Life is a marathon, not a sprint (冲刺). You have to keep running. You have to build the base of the house strong enough so that it could bear every earthquake or storm. And believe me, bad days come. That base is the process of learning. Learning is more important than the result. And those who understand this always win. Many of us, me included, do not realize the importance of this process. When I used to code (编程), rather than understanding the root cause of a code break, I was more interested in just fixing the issue. The next time a similar issue occurred, I worked from scratch again. I didn’t learn anything from the first time and ended up spending even more time later on the same thing. If you were a designer but didn’t understand how 3D objects could be presented in 2D, you might look at someone else’s sheet and get the work done. But what about the next time? And the next time? If we don’t do something properly — it could be worse than not doing it at all. But if we focus on the learning process, we could be faster and better for any future problems. 32. If you think of what you want to do today after you wake up, it means you are focusing on . A. the result B. the learning process C. your personal growth D. building the base of your life 33. What does the author say about bad days in life in paragraph 5? A. They are the root cause of failure. B. They can be avoided with careful work. C. We don’t need to worry too much about them. D. We should be prepared for them. 34. What does the underlined phrase ”worked from scratch“ most probably mean? A. worked very hard B. lost my interest C. started from the beginning D. solved the problem very fast 35. What is the best title of this article? A. Why the Process of Learning Matters More Than the Result. B. Why the Result Are Often Focused on. C. If You Want to Succeed, Please Learn from Others. D. If You Can’t Get a Good Result, Please Stop. 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What does the term “dinosaur” actually mean? What Beatles’ song stayed in the US singles chart for the longest? Who was the president of the United States when Uncle Sam first got his beard? These are not just questions from a particularly difficult public test. ____36____ After asking a group of twenty-four volunteers these questions, they asked each of them to rate how much they cared about the answers to each question, from “low-curiosity” to “high-curiosity”. And then they let the questions stay in the minds of the participants (参与者) for a while. The answers, by the way, are “terrible lizard”, Hey Jude’ and Abraham Lincoln.) ____37____ For one thing, the researches assumed that when people were curious about something, they remembered the details better. They were right. The study showed that people were 20 percent more likely to recall an interesting fact. But what was perhaps more surprising was what was going on in people’s brains at the point that they recalled these facts. ____38____ They seemed to receive a hit of dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is one of our feel-good hormones and activates the part of the brain responsible for learning and forming memories. So, for the study participants, appealing to their curiosity made them feel good. ____39____ Making full use of your curiosity is an important method for building adventure into your life. ____40____ It also allows us to focus longer. After thorough researching the biographies of some of history’s most pioneering minds, from Leonardo da Vinci to Steve Jobs,the writer Walter Isscson summarized his findings thus: ‘Being curious about everything not only makes you more creative. It enriches your life A. Curiosity doesn’t simply make our lives more enjoyable. B. They are used by researchers in a pioneering experiment. C. Feeling good is a normal thing not something unusual. D. When given a brain X-ray examination, their brain activity was quite different. E. They are three of the most interesting questions worldwide. F. The researchers tried to figure out what effect curiosity had on people’s minds. G. They in turn become better at receiving information. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The wind was blowing from all directions. Another Iowa storm was ____41____. Alice ran into the farmhouse on the hill above Honey Creek. Thunder rattled (咯咯作响) along as she looked out the window to the railroad tracks below. They ____42____ her of father, a railroad man. Alice loved hearing the trains rumble (轰隆) ____43____ over Honey Creek Bridge. Every day she heard the trains’ sounds and knew their ____44____, when they would arrive and when they would leave. The windows of the little house continued to rattle as the storm invaded the night. She watched the stream rise higher — almost ____45____ the tracks of Honey Creek Bridge. Suddenly, Alice heard a loud crash. She knew that something must have gone wrong with the ____46____. Taking her lantern, Alice slid down the ____47____ hillside to the washed-out bridge. She would have to make her way through the dark woods to the Moingona train depot (中转站). There she could get help and stop the Atlantic Express, but first she had to ____48____ the Des Moines River Bridge. As Alice finally reached the bridge, the wind ____49____ her lantern, nearly 700 feet of bridge lay ahead. _____50_____ and shaking, Alice got down on her hands and knees and began to crawl (爬). When she was halfway across the bridge, lightning showed a giant tree in the river rushing towards her. Luckily, the tree _____51_____ its course and she felt its spray (喷扫) of water. Finally, Alice _____52_____ her way across and ran to the train depot. Breaking through the door, she shouted something about _____53_____ the Atlantic Express, and then fell down to the floor. Alice’s story did not go _____54_____. Newspapers spread her story. And Alice received a medal for her _____55_____ along with a lifetime train pass. 41. A. approaching B. exploring C. disappearing D. recycling 42. A. warned B. reminded C. convinced D. informed 43. A. ups and downs B. back and forth C. in and out D. far and wide 44. A. changes B. directions C. schedules D. measures 45. A. flashing B. attaching C. shocking D. touching 46. A. bridge B. train C. stream D. valley 47. A. untidy B. muddy C. empty D. ugly 48. A. replace B. repair C. cross D. check 49. A. broke out B. put out C. gave out D. found out 50. A. Excited B. Interested C. Tired D. Moved 51. A. escaped B. reached C. blocked D. changed 52. A. inched B. lost C. signaled D. marched 53. A. stopping B. finding C. driving D. taking 54. A. wrong B. ahead C. unpunished D. unnoticed 55. A. wisdom B. generosity C. patience D. courage 第二节 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 He could still remember the day when he first met her. It was a bright morning ____56____ (fill) with the sweet smell of flowers in the air. While____57____ (walk) along the path, he saw a girl sitting under a tree, reading a book. Her longhair flowing in the breeze, she seemed like an angel. The book she was reading, ____58____ classic, caught his attention. He really had a strong desire ____59____ (talk) to her, but he didn’t have the courage. Finally, after gathering up all his ____60____ (brave), he walked towards her. “Excuse me, but can I join you?” he asked. She looked up, and her big eyes, ____61____ were like shining stars, met his. A smile appeared on her face. “____62____(sound) great!” she replied. For the next few hours they talked and laughed about everything, sharing their stories and dreams ____63____ particular. He thought that maybe this was the beginning of something wonderful, something he had been waiting for all along. ____64____ he didn’t know that this moment _____65_____ (become) a memory he would hold dear for the rest of his life. －Adapted from “Wuthering Heights” 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假如你是李华，你的初中同学兼英文笔友James听说你在刚刚结束的高中英语读写比赛(Reading for Writing Contest)中获得了一等奖，特发邮件来表示祝贺并向你咨询参赛事宜，希望你推荐一本适合的小说作为下一届参赛读物。请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1.推荐合适的小说； 2.阐述推荐该小说的理由。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear James, Thanks for congratulating me! _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There once was a little village situated in the rich area of New Delhi, Just beyond the village lay a pond, which was a deep dark blue in the middle. Beautiful plants grew all over it. All the children in the village loved the pond. They frequently came to swim and play with water in it. During the summers, the cool water would refresh them from all the dust and heat, and even prevent them from getting immersed (沉溺于) in social networking apps like We Chat or Whats App.“It’s so nice and beautiful,” they would all say. Then, one day, the villagers began to send the water from the pond into small channels leading to the nearby fields. These channels looked like tiny streams, and they called them irrigation (灌溉) channels, saying that it would help the growth of the plants in their fields to become taller and greener. After some time, the plants did grow taller and stronger. However, the pond was no longer as deep as before; it became shallow. Sometime later, a factory appeared near the village, letting out a lot of thick black smelly smoke and released (排放) many chemicals into the pond. As these chemicals traveled from the pond through the channels to the fields, many plants died. The pond turned black and produced an awful smell, causing the children to lose their desire to get close to it anymore. They couldn’t even think of splashing water and playing in it as they used to. “It is so dirty.How can we play in it?” they said. Then came the burning hot summer. The pond dried up entirely, without a single drop of water remaining. The beautiful plants surrounding it died too. The once lively village now looked ugly, its beauty lost forever, leaving only memories of what once was. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The children decided to do something to make a difference. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Over time, their efforts, especially what they did through the apps, took effect. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$