（答案解析）2024年新课标Ⅰ卷英语试题

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）英语试题答案解析 阅读A篇答案详解 文 体：应用文 题 材：志愿者活动 主题语篇：人与自然 文章介绍了Marin地区生态修复团队的志愿者活动，包括其目的、参与要求和即将举行的活动安排。 题源：https://www.parksconservancy.org/programs/habitat-restoration-team 3 21.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。这说明团队的主要目标是保护当地生态系统。 细节理解题 4 22.What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 18 欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者参加，说明最低年龄限制是10岁。 细节理解题 5 23.What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform D. Do at least three projects 无论天气如何，都将进行工作活动，并建议志愿者穿着可以弄脏的衣服，并带雨衣（如果必要）。这表明志愿者被期望在任何天气条件下工作。 细节理解题 6 语篇点拨 词汇 短语 句子 habitat n. 栖息地 restoration n. 恢复，修复 conduct v. 进行，实施 invasive adj. 入侵的 sunscreen n. 防晒霜 seed collection 采种 play a vital role in doing sth. 在做某事中起重要作用 fill out the form 填表 parent/guardian approval 家长/监护人批准 rain or shine 风雨无阻 We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. (引言段) 该句为“主谓宾”结构，“while conducting invasive plant removal, ....”为时间状语从句的省略（主从句主语一致且从句中含be动词），and并列3个宾语。 阅读B篇答案详解 文 体：记叙文 题 材：整体医疗方法 主题语篇：人与自然 文章介绍了兽医Dr. William Farber如何将传统西方治疗方法与针灸、按摩疗法和草药医学结合，采用整体医疗方法治疗动物，并探讨了这种方法的有效性及其接受度的增长。 9 24.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。这表明他们可能认为他有些奇怪。 推理判断题 10 25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 法伯自己在遭受严重背痛时尝试了针灸，并对效果感到惊讶，随后他认为对自己有效的治疗也可能对他的病人有效。 这表明了他是作为病人从中受益。 细节理解题 11 26.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 通过描述不同动物通过整体疗法治疗后的改善案例，如狗和马的病例，说明整体医学的有效性。 段落大意题 12 27.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 法伯确信随着时间的推移，整体方法会越来越受欢迎，通过提及该协会成员的增长趋势来支持他对整体方法将变得更加流行的看法。 推理判断题 13 语篇点拨 词汇 短语 句子 acupuncture n. 针灸 defensive adj. 防御/戒备的 occasionally adv. 偶尔 veterinarian n. 兽医 holistic adj. 整体的 chiropractic n. 脊椎按摩疗法 herbal medicine 草药疗法 start out as 起初是 alternative treatment 替代疗法 heart condition 心脏病 holistic approach 整体综合方法 He’s ... American veterinarians now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional ... and herbal medicine. (Para. 1) 主干“He’s ... American veterinarians”为“主系表”结构，“practicing ‘holistic’ medicine”为现在分词短语作伴随状语，破折号后面内容是对这种疗法的解释说明。 阅读C篇答案详解 文 体：说明文 题 材：纸质阅读 主题语篇：人与社会 文章探讨了在纸上阅读与在屏幕上阅读的区别，以及音频和视频内容与阅读文字在学习效果上的差异，强调了在需要深度学习和反思的情况下，传统的纸质阅读可能更为有效。 题源：https://theconversation.com/why-we-remember-more-by-reading-especially-print-than-from-audio-or-video-159522 16 28.What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。 这表明纸质阅读的益处在某些情况下会变得容易被注意到。 词义猜测题 17 29.What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand. C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media. 这一理论认为人们以适合社交媒体的心态处理数字文本，这通常不那么严肃，并且投入的脑力较少，这意味着读者对数字文本的处理较为轻浮。 推理判断题 18 30.Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? A. They can hold students’ attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare. C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text. 音频和视频感觉比文本更吸引人，因此教师越来越倾向于使用这些技术。这表明音频和视频能够更有效地吸引学生的注意力。 细节理解题 19 31.What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 然而，为了最大限度地提高需要精神集中和反思的学习效果，教育工作者不应该假设所有的媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这暗示了尽管数字和视听媒体有其教育作用，但在某些教育场合，印刷文本仍然无法完全被替代。 推理判断题 20 长难句点拨 题眼复杂句 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. (34 words; Para. 2) The benefits of print reading / particularly shine through / when / experimenters / move / from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to / ones / that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. （that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ones，指“任务”） 主句主干为“主谓”结构 when引导时间状语从句，含介短“from...to...” 第一、三个破折号后面内容分别补充说明“simple tasks”、“ones that...” 21 阅读D篇答案详解 文 体：说明文 题 材：生物多样性 主题语篇：人与社会 文章讨论了当前生物多样性记录的方式及其局限性，并探讨了如何改进通过公民科学家收集的观察数据的质量和覆盖范围。 题源：https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2023/05/study-examines-biases-coverage-gaps-biodiversity-data 23 32.What do we know about the records of species collected now? A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form. C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition. 细节理解题 目前，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。 表明了当前物种记录的形式主要以电子形式存在。 24 由于越来越多地使用观测数据来调查物种如何应对全球变化，Daru想要知道观测数据是否可用，并测试这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。 33.What does Daru’s study focus on? A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens. C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications. 细节理解题 25 34.What has led to the biases according to the study? A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures. C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices. 这些数据是有偏差的，偏向于某些区域、时间段和物种。比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物而不是旁边的草、记录他们在附近地区遇到的物种、某些具有吸引人或引人注目特征的物种。这表明数据偏差的原因是“采样方式不当”。 推理判断题 26 35.What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps? A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records. C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists. 生物多样性应用可以利用研究结果告知用户被过度采样的区域，并引导他们前往未被充分采样的地点和物种；也可以鼓励用户让专家对其上传的图片进行确认鉴定。 这些建议主要是关于给公民科学家提供指导。 推理判断题 27 长难句点拨 题眼复杂句 These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? (36 words; Para. 2) These observations / now / outnumber / the primary data / that / comes from / physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? and并列的2个简单句 that引导定从，修饰先行词the primary data since引导原因状语从句，句中不定式表目的，其后跟有how引导的宾语从句 28 七选五阅读答案详解 文 体：议论文 题 材：词典工具 主题语篇：人与自我 文章讨论了正确的工具和方法，如使用字典和词典，对于写作和确保作品专业性的重要性。 30 文章从引入问题到深入探讨个人使用习惯、词典的功能和历史影响，每一部分都围绕强调精确语言使用的重要性。 对拼写正确性的重视 个人实践和工具选择 这种结构使得文章既信息丰富又引人入胜，有效地传达了持续学习和使用传统工具在现代写作实践中的价值。 词典的功能和重要性 词典的实际应用 历史上有影响力的词典与影响 解释关系： 空前句子提到，出版前提交完美、专业的手稿的重要性，并指出编辑不太可能容忍拼写错误。 该选项“那意味着良好的语法和没有拼写错误”直接响应前文提到的出版要求，强调了提交稿件的基本标准，与前文强调的专业手稿标准呈现解释关系。 顺承关系： 空前句子提到，作者不相信笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。 该选项“它没有考虑到上下文”表示作者对电子拼写检查器的不信任，认为这些工具不能考虑上下文。这与作者偏好传统工具的理由相吻合，进一步说明了为什么作者更信赖能够提供更全面信息的传统字典，与前文呈现顺承关系。 总分关系： 空后句子提到，字典应该提供的内容，包括精确定义和示例。 该选项“当然，字典不仅仅是用来查拼写的”暗指了字典的其他功能，说明了字典除了拼写外，还有其他用途，如查找意义、发音等，与下文描述的字典功能呈现总分关系。 转折关系： 空后句子提到，尽管作者不常使用这本《较短牛津词典》，但在需要查找单词起源或用法示例时，它是极好的资源。 该选项“我不常用这本字典”通过强调“不常用”这一点，与空后句子呈现转折关系，突出了虽然不是经常使用的工具，但在必要时无可替代的重要性。 转折关系： 空前句子引用了塞缪尔·约翰逊的话，指出编纂字典是“乏味”的工作。 该选项“但是阅读字典可以是一种乐趣”表示尽管制作字典可能是枯燥的，但阅读字典可以是一种愉悦的体验。这种说法与约翰逊对制作字典的负面评价形成了明显的转折，突出了字典不仅是制作过程中的工具，对于用户来说，它也能带来阅读的乐趣，与前文呈现转折关系。 语篇点拨 词汇 短语 submit v. 提交 professionally adv. 专业地 tolerate v. 容忍 precise adj. 精确的 differentiate v. 区别 identical adj. 完全相同的 two-volume adj. 两卷的 influential adj. 有影响力的 illustrate v. 说明，图解 rewarding adj. 有意义的 take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛苦做某事 reference book 参考书 leaf through 迅速翻阅 idiomatic phrase 惯用语 take no account of sth. 不考虑某事 完型填空答案详解 文 体：记叙文 题 材：个人目标 主题语篇：人与自我 文章描述了作者因为看不到自己在跑步中的进展，于是跟风从跑步转向自行车骑行，并最终接受了自己的个人局限，并意识到设立个人目标要切实可行、合适自己。 40 I’ve been motivated--and demotivated--by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 but then two things happened. 41.A.knew B.held C.won D.quit 42.A.regularly B.silently C.proudly D.recently 41. 由空前内容“a neighborhood friend”和空后句子“Feeling motivated, I started running”可知，这位朋友在马拉松比赛中won（赢得）了一些成就。 42. 由空后句子“but then two things happened”可知，在动力之下，作者开始了regularly（定期）跑步训练，但随后发生了两件事。 First a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super”, referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run-15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! 43.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training 44.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved 43. 空格所在句“a girl I met one day told me she was ___ for a ‘super’, ...”描述了我遇见的一个女孩正在为一个更长的双倍马拉松赛事进行training（训练）。 44. 由空后句子“Between the girl making my ___ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者对这次长跑的体验感到厌恶，也就是作者hated（讨厌）跑步。 Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 45.A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence 46.A.way B.risk C.place D.reason 45. 由空前句子以及空格所在句“Between the girl making my ___ seem small...”可知，女孩的行为使作者觉得自己的achievement（成就）显得微不足道。 46. 由空格所在句“the only ___ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者如果再次奔跑，就是在有大狗追跑的情况下，即这是作者再次跑步的唯一reason（理由）。 So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. 47.A.gave up B.went on C.turned to D.dealt with 48.A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved 47. 由空前内容“So I”和空后句子“I got a good bike and rode a lot”可知，作者改变了运动方式，由跑步turned to（转向）自行车骑行。 48. 由空格所在句“I ___ of entering cycle races...”可知，作者dreamed（梦想着）参加自行车比赛。 While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. 49.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked 50.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice 49. 由前文信息“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.”及空格所在句“While she was at work one day, I ___ her bike and went for a ride”可知，作者去看望了姐姐并在姐姐上班时borrowed（借用了）姐姐的自行车。 50. 由空格所在句“The ___: The roads there went through large valleys...”可知，那里的路穿过很大的山谷，作者每次都要骑上坡好几英里，这就是作者所遇到的problem（问题）。 I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . 51.A.dangers B.events C.opponents D.challenges 52.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped 53.A.reliable B.convenient C.familiar D.appealing 51. 前文及空格所在句“I’d never faced such ___”与空后的描述相符，表明作者从未遇到过这样的challenges（挑战）。 52. 由前文中作者所遇到的困难及空格所在句“I got ___ by about 100 ‘local’ bikers...”可知，当地自行车骑行者已经习惯了这种道路，作者被他们passed（超过了）。 53. 由空格所在句“When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ___”可知，作者到家后突然觉得自行车骑行也没那么appealing（有吸引力的）。 I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 54.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried 55.A.limits B.dates C.goals D.tests 54. 由前文内容、空格所在句“I’ve ___ a lot since then”以及空后句子可知，作者的成长和心理变化，也就是作者自从那以后变得matured（成熟了）很多。 55. 由空格所在句“I’ve come to accept that whatever ___ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者已经意识到了无论自己设定什么goals（目标），都要是适合自己的。 语篇点拨 词汇 短语 motivate v. 激励 demotivate v. 使失去动力 enter v. 参加，报名 uphill adv. 向山上 appealing adj. 有吸引力的 mature v. 变成熟 refer to 指的是 run after sb. 追赶某人 go for a ride 骑车兜风 go through 穿过 come to accept 逐渐接受 turn to sth. 转向某事 长难句点拨 题眼复杂句 Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! (33 words; Para. 2) Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 该句主干为“I decided that...” that引导的宾从“the only reason is...”中，含有省略that的同位语从句解释说明“reason”以及if引导的表语从句 “between...and...(由于...和/加上...)”为介词短语作原因状语，“making my achievement seem small”为现在分词短语作后置定语 49 语法填空答案详解 文 体：说明文 题 材：玻璃温室 主题语篇：人与社会 介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室，体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响。 题源：https://inhabitat.com/amazing-greenhouse-set-near-garden-influenced-by-silk-road/ 51 The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 考查词性转换。 分析句子成分可知，括号所给词应作定语使用修饰主语“techniques”，所给词本身作名词时词义常为“工程师、设计师”、作动词时为“设计、建造”，但结合语境语义，此处需为“工程”之义，所以需将其转换为另一个名词词性且词义为“工程”的词汇，故填engineering。 句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创建这个既具有保护功能又美观的结构。 56. engineering The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 考查词性转换。 分析句子成分可知，括号所给词应作为定语使用，与空前的形容词一起修饰空后的名词“structure”，故填functional。 句意：这个保护性结构不仅美观，还非常实用。 57. functional These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 考查非谓语动词。 根据句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“open”，括号所给动词需作非谓语动词使用，且结合语境可知空格处表目的，故填to give。 句意：在温暖的天气里，这些玻璃和铝制成的尊片打开，给内部植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。 58. to give In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 考查词性转换。 根据句子结构可知，本句主干为“主系表”，空前的“stays”为持续类系动词，其后需使用形容词作表语，且结合语境可确定此处意义为“关着的、封闭的”，故填closed。 句意：在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭以保护植物。 59. closed Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, ... . The garden also contains a winding path... 考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。 根据句子结构可知，本句为主从复合句，主句中无谓语动词，所以括号所给动词需作谓语动词使用，结合上下文可知，此处描述的是一般事实，且主语为“the Silk Route Garden”，故填walks。 句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园将带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。 60. walks Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 考查冠词。 由空后序数词first及语义可知，空格处需使用定冠词，构成介词短语“首次”，故填the。 句意：丝绸和许多植物物种于1961年通过古丝绸之路第一次来到英国。 61. the These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 考查名词。 由空前形容词Western及空后所列举事物可知，括号中所给词为名词“受喜爱的人/事物”，且由列举的多样事物可确定空格处需使用复数形式，故填favourites。 句意：这些植物包括现在西方很受欢迎的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香等。 62. favourites The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 考查介词。 根据句子结构可知，空格处需使用介词，结合句意可确定此处为“作为、是”之意，故填as。注意避免因惯性思维而填入介词for，误以为是介词的固定搭配用法。 句意：玻璃室被视为当代设计中的一大成就。 63. as The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 考查引导词。 根据句子结构可知，空格后为限制性定语从句修饰先行词“the Silk Route”，先行词指物且从句中缺主语，故填that/which。 句意：这条路径追溯了植物从亚洲原生地带到英格兰的步骤。 64. that/which The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 考查词性转换。 由空格前后可知，空格处需使用名词形式，故填richness。 句意：这些植物定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。 65. richness 语篇点拨 词汇 短语 steel n. 钢 sepal n. 尊片 aluminium n. 铝 favourite n. 喜爱的人/物 house v. 容纳 rosemary n. 迷迭香 lavender n. 薰衣草 fennel n. 茴香 winding adj. 曲折的 retrace v. 追溯 at the edge of 在……的边缘 engineering technique 工程技术 stay closed 保持关闭的状态 walk sb. through 引导某人了解 for the first time 首次 guides visitors through 带领游客参观 Thank You！ $$