06.必修第一册Unit 5-2025年高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019)

2025高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019) 必修第一册Unit 5 I.单元词汇默写 Ⅰ. 核心单词 1. ____________　　　 prep. 即使; 尽管 2. ____________ n. 态度; 看法 3. ____________ vt. & vi. 雕刻 4. ____________ adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究 5. ____________ n. 方式; 方法; 途径 6. ____________ n. 尊重; 关注vt. 把……视为; 看待 7. ____________ n. 文字; 符号; 角色; 品质; 特点 8. ____________ n. 公共事务; 事件; 关系 9. ____________ n. & vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗 10. ____________ vt. 恳求; 祈求; 哀求 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→____________ n. 基础 →____________ adj. 基本的→____________ adv. 主要地, 基本上 2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→____________ n. 指称关系; 参考 3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→____________ adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的 4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→____________ vt&vi. (使)多样化→____________ adj. 各种各样的 5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→____________ vt. 描述 6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→____________ n. 欣赏; 感激 7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→____________ adv. 同样地; 相等地→____________ n. 平等; 相等 8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→____________ adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的 9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→____________ n. 关系; 联系→____________ adj. 相关的; 有联系的 III.核心短语 1. ____________　　　 注意  2. ____________ 既不……也不…… 3. ____________ 追溯到  4. ____________ 不再  5. ____________ 在……扮演角色; 发挥重要作用  6. ____________ 谈到; 指的是; 描述; 查阅  7. ____________ 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱  8. ____________ 观点; 看法  9. ____________ ……有困难 10. ____________ 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: “no matter+疑问词” 引导让步状语从句 Even today, _______________________________(不论中国人住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言), they can all still communicate in writing.   2. 句型公式: “the+比较级, the+比较级”, 越……就越…… It was exercise for the brain; _______________________________(我学的语言越多, 我的大脑就越发达).   3. 句型公式: Would/Do you mind doing sth. ? 你介意做某事吗? I’m sorry. _______________________________(你介意重复). . . ?   4. 句型公式: 疑问词+动词不定式 My biggest headache is _______________________________(如何用英语表示礼貌).   【参考答案】 Ⅰ. 核心单词 1. despite　　　 prep. 即使; 尽管 2. attitude n. 态度; 看法 3. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻 4. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究 5. means n. 方式; 方法; 途径 6. regard n. 尊重; 关注vt. 把……视为; 看待 7. character n. 文字; 符号; 角色; 品质; 特点 8. affair n. 公共事务; 事件; 关系 9. struggle n. & vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗 10. beg vt. 恳求; 祈求; 哀求 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. base vt. 以……为据点; n. 底部→basis n. 基础 →basic adj. 基本的→basically adv. 主要地, 基本上 2. refer vi. 提到; 参考; 查阅 vt. 查询; 使……求助于→reference n. 指称关系; 参考 3. classic adj. 经典的; 古典的; 传统的; 最优秀的 n. 经典著作→classical adj. 古典的; 经典的; 传统的 4. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体; 异体; 多样化→vary vt&vi. (使)多样化→various adj. 各种各样的 5. description n. 描写(文字); 形容→describe vt. 描述 6. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激 7. equal n. 同等的人; 相等物adj. 相同的; 同样的→equally adv. 同样地; 相等地→equality n. 平等; 相等 8. demand n. 要求; 需求 vt. &vi. 强烈要求; 需求; 查问→demanding adj. (工作)要求高的; (人)苛求的 9. relate vt. 联系; 讲述→relation n. 关系; 联系→related adj. 相关的; 有联系的 III.核心短语 1. pay attention to　　　 注意  2. neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不…… 3. date back (to. . . ) 追溯到  4. no longer 不再  5. play a great role in 在……扮演角色; 发挥重要作用  6. refer to 谈到; 指的是; 描述; 查阅  7. ups and downs 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱  8. point of view 观点; 看法  9. have problems/trouble with  ……有困难 10. relate to 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: “no matter+疑问词” 引导让步状语从句 Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak(不论中国人住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言), they can all still communicate in writing.   2. 句型公式: “the+比较级, the+比较级”, 越……就越…… It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow(我学的语言越多, 我的大脑就越发达).   3. 句型公式: Would/Do you mind doing sth. ? 你介意做某事吗? I’m sorry. Would you mind repeating(你介意重复). . . ?   4. 句型公式: 疑问词+动词不定式 My biggest headache is how to be polite in English(如何用英语表示礼貌).   II.单元词汇默写 单词拼写 1. To be more (特定的，具体的), what you need to do is set aside 30 minutes everyday to work out. 2. What attracted her is his （性格）rather than his fortune. 3. He (参考) to the last page of the book for answers. 4. Practising Chinese Kungfu can not only build up your body but also can develop your (品质，个性). 5. It was an unusually hot summer and air conditioners were in great ________ (需求). 6. Experience plays an important part in determining a person’s (性格). 7. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often get together to share a meal and (欣赏) the moon. 8. (尽管) having failed several times, he will never give up. 9. Among all the (因素), cooperation is the most important advantages of a good assistant. 10. We are not going to (祈求) for help anymore. 11. (尽管) the efforts of the United Nations , the problem of drug continues to grow. 12. They are confident their leader is taking a (全球的) view on important issues. 13. King bravely marched to Washington, demanding (平等的) rights for blacks. 14. (尽管)suffering an ocean of miserable abuse, he still remained optimistic. 15. A (全球的) environmental meeting is going to be held here. 16. The scenery there was beautiful beyond (描述). 17. The view from the top was quite beyond (描述). 18. I would (感激) it if you could keep me informed of the latest changes. 19. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven (主要的) states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 20. A positive (态度) towards life is the key to success. 21. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven (主要的)states into one unified country. 22. She clawed her way to the top of her (专业). 23. To make progress in your study, you should make a (具体的) plan at once. 24. In order to make sure all of us are in good health, she makes (具体的) plans for us. 25. A (斗争，奋斗) is a long and difficult attempt to achieve something such as freedom or political rights. 26. The project has (要求) considerable investment of time and effort. 27. The product was developed in response to customer (需求). 28. She called for new laws to make women and men (平等的). 29. Higher self-expectation is regarded as a (主要的) reason why young people live a fast-paced life. 30. Not only did the race improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive (态度) towards life. 31. Mobile phone is an effective （方式）of communication. 32. With a positive and optimistic (态度) and outlook, we grow together in Nankai. 33. His sense of humour is one of his appealing (品质). 34. John, (斗争、努力) for months to find a job as a delivery man, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. 35. As we all know, cars have become a popular (途径，方法) of transport. 36. The money was collected for a (具体的) purpose. 37. The public demanded that the troops (撤离，退出) from the region. 38. You’d better finish your homework without (参考) to your notes. 39. It is said that of all (系统) of symbols, language is the most highly developed. 40. The moon is a (象征) of wealth and luck. 41. One (主要的) disadvantage of the area is the lack of public transport. 42. I'd appreciate it if you can give us some (确切的) examples. 43. Dove has always been a （象征）of peace. 44. They were (挣扎) to get out of the broken car. 45. I would (感激) it if you could offer some advice. 46. His films attempt to bridge the (差距，鸿沟) between tradition and modernity. 47. When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing (多种式样) of wildlife. 48. Yuan Longping, (把……视为) as “Father of Hybrid Rice”, is a great man in China. 49. Scientists have a fairly negative (态度) to the theory. 50. Many of the species (原产于) to California, such as the prickly chaparral, rely on fires to multiply. 51. I think that young children often modern pictures better than anyone else. 52. China is widely known for its ancient which has continued all the way through into modern times. 53. This girl gave a vivid of the accident. 54. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to . 55. In the morning, we will admire pandas, which are to China. 56. the country having put into place a two-child policy and then a three-child policy, the cost of raising an extra child is still huge. 57. I tried every to get children interested in my class. 58. All you have to do is change your to life and love people around you from now on. 59. Often, our way of thinking is on stereotypes-ideas about what someone or something is like. 60. As we all know, in the Shang Dynasty, there were a (多样化) of dialects and characters. 61. Americans live in a(n) , while the British live in a flat. 62. You can to your notes if you can’t remember the words. 63. the heavy rain, they went on working hard. 64. Researchers are trying to low exam results and/to/with large class sizes. 65. A is a human society with its own social organization and culture. 66. They are designing a new type of freezer, attempting to satisfy the customers’ . 67. He has always the highest standards of behaviour from his children. 68. His positive inspired many people who were stuck in illness. 69. He managed to eat a big lunch having eaten an enormous breakfast. 参考答案 1. specific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：更具体地说，你需要做的是每天留出30分钟来锻炼。空处应填形容词作表语，根据汉语提示可知，specific特定的，具体的，形容词。故填specific。 2. personality/character 【解析】考查名词。句意：吸引她的是他的个性而不是他的财富。根据汉语提示，“性格”可用不可数名词personality或character表示。故填personality/character。 【点睛】 3. referred 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他参考了这本书的最后一页寻找答案。分析句子结构，空格处在句中作谓语，结合句意可知，应用一般过去时，根据汉语提示“参考”是referred。故填referred。 4. character 【解析】考查名词。句意：练习中国功夫不仅可以强健你的身体，而且可以发展你的性格。在句中作develop 的宾语由your修饰用名词，“品质，个性”是character。故填character。 5. demand 【解析】考查名词。句意：那是一个异常炎热的夏天，空调需求量很大。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，结合所给汉语意思可知应填demand，构成短语in great demand，意为“需求量很大”。故填demand。 6. character/quality/personality 【解析】考查名词。句意：经验在决定一个人的性格方面起很重要的作用。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“性格”对应的名词作动词determine的宾语。故填character/quality/personality。 7. admire/appreciate 【解析】考查动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚在一起吃饭、赏月。表示“欣赏”用动词admire或appreciate，与share并列，是动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为admire/appreciate。 8. Despite 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管失败了几次，但他永远不会放弃。根据汉语提示可知应用介词despite，动名词短语having failed several times作其宾语；首字母大写。故填Despite。 9. factors 【解析】考查名词。句意：在所有的因素中，合作是一个好助手最重要的优势。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，根据所给中文提示词，应该是factor意为“因素”，为可数名词，根据前文的all of可知，用复数形式。故填factors。 10. beg 【解析】考查动词。句意：我们不会再乞求帮助了。are going to后接动词原形构成一般将来时，结合汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词beg“祈求”符合题意，故填beg。 11. Despite 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管联合国作出了努力，但毒品问题继续扩大。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用介词despite，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 12. global 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们相信，他们的领导人在重要问题上具有全球视野。根据汉语提示“全球的”可知应填形容词global，作定语修饰view。故填global。 13. equal 【解析】考查形容词。句意：马丁·路德·金勇敢地前往华盛顿，要求黑人享有平等的权力。空处作定语，结合汉语提示可知，形容词equal符合题意。故填equal。 14. Despite 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管遭受了无数痛苦的谩骂，他仍然保持乐观。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为介词Despite“尽管”后接动名词，满足句意要求。故填Despite。 15. global 【解析】考查形容词。句意：一个全球环境会议将在这里举行。设空处修饰名词meeting作定语，应用形容词，故填global。 16. description 【解析】考查名词。句意：那里的景色美得无法形容。beyond description (无法描述、难以形容、无法形容)，用不可数名词description作宾语。故填description。 17. description 【解析】考查名词。句意：从顶部看的景色简直无法形容。分析句子，该空需要用名词作介词的宾语；根据汉语提示“描述”可知，名词description符合题意。故填description。 18. appreciate 【解析】考查动词。句意：如果您能随时通知我最新的变化，我将不胜感激。根据汉语提示可知，动词appreciate符合题意，would后接动词原形。故填appreciate。 19. major 【解析】考查形容词。句意：秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个统一的国家，中国的文字系统开始朝着一个方向发展。结合汉语提示，可知此处用形容词major“主要的”，作定语修饰名词states，故填major。 20. attitude 【解析】考查名词。句意：积极的生活态度是成功的关键。根据汉语提示可知，attitude态度，可数名词；由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数。故填attitude。 21. major 【解析】考查形容词。句意：秦始皇把七大诸国统一为一个统一的国家。主要的“major”使用形容词作定语修饰名词states，故填major。 22. major 【解析】考查名词。句意：她努力达到了自己专业的巅峰。根据汉语提示，空处应用名词major，表示“专业”，作介词of的宾语。故填major。 23. specific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：要在学习上取得进步，你应该马上制定一个具体的计划。根据提示可知应填形容词specific，作定语。故填specific。 24. specific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：为了确保我们所有人都身体健康，她为我们制定了具体的计划。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词plan，根据提示的汉语，表示“具体的”应为specific。故填specific。 25. struggle 【解析】考查名词。句意：斗争是指为争取自由或政治权利而进行的长期而艰难的尝试。不定冠词A后跟可数名词的单数形式，作主语，“斗争，奋斗”的名词是struggle。故填struggle。 26. demanded 【解析】考查动词。句意：这个项目需要投入大量的时间和精力。根据提示的汉语，表示“要求”应为动词demand，与句子主语the project之间为主动关系，结合句意和空前助动词has，此处应为过去分词demanded构成现在完成时态。故填demanded。 27. demand 【解析】考查名词。句意：该产品是应顾客需求而开发的。句中用名词作宾语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填demand。 28. equal 【解析】考查形容词。句意：她呼吁制定新的法律，使男女平等。表示“平等的”用equal，此处用形容词作宾补。故填equal。 29. major 【解析】考查形容词。句意：较高的自我期望被认为是年轻人过着快节奏生活的一个主要原因。设空处为形容词作定语，根据汉语提示，故填major。 30. attitude 【解析】考查名词。句意：比赛不仅提高了我们的身体和心理素质，还帮助我们建立了积极的生活态度。根据汉语提示可知，attitude“态度”，可数名词，由空前的a可知应用名词单数，作动词build的宾语，故填attitude。 31. means 【解析】考查名词。句意：手机是一种有效的通讯方式。分析句子成分可知，本句为“主系表”结构，“an effective  _______  （方式）of communication”作表语，根据其前的不定冠词an可知，应填单数名词形式，根据汉语提示，“方式”可译为means，该词为单复数同形，其后常跟of短语作后置定语，故填means。 32. attitude 【解析】考查名词。句意：带着积极乐观的态度和前景，我们一起在南卡成长。根据汉语提示“态度”，可知为名词attitude，设空处前为不定冠词a，设空处应为名词单数形式作宾语。故填attitude。 33. traits/characters/qualities/personalities 【解析】考查名词。句意：他的幽默感是他吸引人的品质之一。根据汉语意思可知，“品质”应用名词trait/character/ quality/personality，由one of可知，此处应用复数，故填traits/characters/qualities/personalities。 34. struggling 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰为找一份送货员的工作苦苦挣扎了好几个月，终于在当地一家广告公司找到了一份工作。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，根据提示的汉语可知，表示“斗争、努力”应为struggle，且与句子主语John之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填struggling。 35. means 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们都知道，汽车已经成为一种流行的交通工具。分析句子结构可知，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，设空处需填名词“途径，方法”，means意为“途径，方法”。故填means。 36. specific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这笔钱是为一个特定的目的筹集的。此处应填形容词修饰名词purpose（目的），再结合汉语提示可知是“specific”具体的，故填specific。 37. (should) withdraw/(should) be withdrawn 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：公众要求军队撤出该地区。动词demanded后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should加动词原形，should可省略。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词withdraw，该动词可作不及物动词，“撤离，退出”的意思，故空处应填(should) withdraw；withdraw也可作及物动词，“使……撤离，使……退出”的意思，与句子主语the troops构成被动关系，故空处应填(should) be withdrawn。故填(should) withdraw或(should) be withdrawn。 38. referring 【解析】考查动词。句意：你最好不用看笔记就把作业做完。分析句子可知，without是介词，后面用动名词作宾语，“参考”译为：refer to，固定搭配，此处用refer的动名词形式referring。故填referring。 39. systems 【解析】考查名词。句意：据说，在所有的符号系统中，语言是最发达的。根据汉语提示可知，system系统，符合题意，可数名词，由all可知应用复数形式，在句中作of的宾语。故填systems。 40. symbol 【解析】考查名词。句意：月亮是财富和幸运的象征。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词symbol，作表语，由a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填symbol。 41. major 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个地区的一个主要缺点是缺乏公共交通工具。根据汉语提示“主要的”可知，此处为形容词major，作定语，修饰名词disadvantage。故填major。 42. specific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：如果你能给我一些确切的例子，我将不胜感激。根据汉意“确切的”以及句后的“examples”可知 ，此处应用形容词specific。故填specific。 43. symbol 【解析】考查名词。句意：鸽子一直是和平的象征。a +symbol +of“ .......的象征”，根据汉语提示及句意，故填symbol。 44. struggling 【解析】考查时态。句意：他们挣扎着从那辆破车里出来。分析可知，设空处为谓语动词，和前面的were构成过去进行时，应用现在分词形式，根据汉语提示，故填struggling。 45. appreciate 【解析】考查动词和固定句型。句意：如果你能给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。根据汉语提示，“感激”可译为动词appreciate，构成固定句型：I would appreciate it if ...（如果……，我将不胜感激）；情态动词would后为动词原形。故填appreciate。 46. gap 【解析】考查名词。句意：他的电影试图弥合传统与现代之间的鸿沟。“差距，鸿沟”表达为名词gap，作动词bridge的宾语，短语bridge the gap，意为“缩小差距”，为固定搭配。故填gap。 47. variety 【解析】考查名词。句意：当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了各种各样的野生动物。a variety of各种各样的。根据汉语提示及句意，故填variety。 48. regarded 【解析】考查动词。句意：被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国的伟人。根据汉语提示可知应填动词regard，且与构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填regarded。 49. attitude 【解析】考查名词。句意：科学家对这一理论持相当否定的态度。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“态度”应为attitude，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填attitude。 50. native 【解析】考查形容词。句意：许多加州的原生物种，如带刺的灌木林，依靠火来繁殖。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词native，作后置定语。故填native。 51. appreciate 【解析】考查动词。句意：我认为小孩子通常比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入动词，在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语。结合句意，appreciate意为“欣赏”符合题意，且该句描述的是事实情况，应用一般现在时态，主语young children为复数形式，故谓语动词用原型。故填appreciate。 52. civilization 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国以其一直延续到现代的古老文明而闻名。根据所给句子分析可知，空处应填名词作介词for的宾语，结合句意及课文可知，此处表达“中国因古老的文明而文明”，“文明”英语表达为“civilization”。故填civilization。 53. description 【解析】考查名词。句意：这个女孩生动地描述了那次事故。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处应填名词description，作宾语，不定冠词提示，应用单数形式。故填description。 54. appreciate 【解析】考查动词。句意：它们帮助我们理解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及我们应该感激什么。根据句意“感激”可知应填动词appreciate，且为疑问词+不定式结构。故填appreciate。 55. native 【解析】考查形容词。句意：早上，我们将欣赏原产于中国的大熊猫。be native to (是本地的、原产于)，用形容词native (原产于某地的)作表语。故填native。 56. Despite 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管中国先后实施了二孩政策和三孩政策，但多养一个孩子的成本仍然很高。结合句意表示“尽管”应用介词despite，首字母要大写。故填Despite。 57. means 【解析】考查名词。句意：我想尽一切办法让孩子们对我的课感兴趣。根据下文“get children interested ”可推断，“我尝试一切办法”符合句意，空处作宾语用means“办法”，该词单复数同形，every修饰单数，故填means。 58. attitude 【解析】考查名词。句意：从现在起，你所要做的就是改变你对生活的态度，爱你周围的人。分析句子结构可知，此处需使用名词作宾语，attitude“态度”符合句意，故填attitude。 59. based 【解析】考查短语。句意：通常，我们的思维方式是基于刻板印象——关于某人或某事是什么样子的想法。根据句意可知，此处表示“基于”，为短语be based on，故填based。 60. variety 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们都知道，在商代，有各种各样的方言和文字。根据汉语提示可知，variety“多样化”，名词，a variety of“各种各样的”，固定短语，故填variety。 61. apartment 【解析】考查名词。句意：美国人住在公寓套房里，而英国人住在公寓房里。空处作宾语，应用名词apartment，冠词提示用单数。故填apartment。 62. refer 【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你记不住单词，你可以参考笔记。根据句意可知短语为refer to，且can后跟动词原形。故填refer。 63. Despite 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管下着大雨，他们还是继续努力工作。“介词+名词”作状语，表让步的介词despite (尽管)符合句意，首字母大写。故填Despite。 64. relate 【解析】考查动词。句意：研究者们正试图证明学生考分低和班级规模大有关系。空前为不定式符号to，所以此处填动词原形，结合句意，此空为relate意为“关联，联系”符合句意，且与主语之间为主动关系。故填relate。 65. civilization 【解析】考查名词。句意：文明是具有自己的社会组织和文化的人类社会。根据句意可知应用名词civilization，作主语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填civilization。 66. demands 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们正在设计一种新型冰箱，试图满足顾客的要求。根据句意可知应填复数名词demands“要求”，作宾语。故填demands。 67. demanded 【解析】考查动词。句意：他总是以最高的行为准则来要求自己的孩子。根据句意可知，此处为demand意为“要求”，分析句子可知，空前有助动词has，所以此处应填过去分词形式。故填demanded。 68. attitude 【解析】考查名词。句意：他积极的态度激励了许多被疾病困住的人。根据句意可知应填名词attitude，作主语，故填attitude。 69. despite 【解析】考查介词。句意：尽管早餐吃了很多，他午饭还是大吃了一顿。根据句意可知，此处意为“尽管”，且空后为动名词having，故此处应用介词despite，故填despite。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$人教版2019必修第一册 Unit 5 单元重难知识点复习 Ⅰ. 重点词汇 1. regard　n. 尊敬; 敬佩 ; 关注, 关心 vt. 认为, 看待 【典型例句】 I have high regard for your abilities. 我非常敬佩你的能力。 【词块必记】 (1)regard for. . . 　　　　　　 对……的尊重 give one’s regards (to sb. ) 代某人(向某人)问好 (2)regard. . . as. . . 把……看作…… (3)with regard to 关于; 至于 【熟词生义】 He wrote an article for the People’s Daily regarding how to build a harmonious society. 他为《人民日报》写了一篇关于怎样建设和谐社会的文章。 (prep. 关于; 至于) 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①As everybody knows, kangaroos are native to Australia and are often regarded __ one of Australia’s national treasures. ②Please give my _______ (regard) to your parents. ③With regard __ my favorite Chinese poet, I’d like to introduce Du Fu to you. as regards to 【佳句赏析】 Meanwhile, I’ll regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy. 同时, 我将把帮助保持环境干净健康作为我的职责。 2. means n. 手段; 方法; 工具 【典型例句】 Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past. 汉字书写也成为连接中国的过去与现在的一种重要手段。 【词块必记】 (1)by this means　　 通过这种方式 (2)by means of 借助…… (3)by no means 决不, 一点儿也不(置于句首时, 句子要用部分倒装) (4)by all means 当然可以; 没问题 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①There is no doubt that WeChat is ___ important means of communication. ②By no means ____ Jane _____ (agree) to go hiking this weekend. She has too much work to do. ③I can make a living ___ means of teaching English. 【佳句赏析】 Thoughts are expressed by means of words. 思想借助言语来表达(言为心声)。 an will agree by 3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体, 异体; [U]变化, 多样化, 多变性 【典型例句】 The article was about the different varieties of English spoken all over the world. 这篇文章是关于世界各地所说的各类英语。 【词块必记】 (1)for various reasons　　 由于种种原因 (2) a variety of= varieties of 种类繁多的 all kinds of 各种各样的 (3) vary vt. & vi. 改变; 变化 vary from. . . to. . . 从……到……不等; 在……到……之间变动 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ① In the botanical garden we can find a ______(vary) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers. ② The exhibition not only shows _______ (vary) paper cuts in different regions, but also presents to us the history and development of paper-cutting in China. 句式升级 ③Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities. →Our school has built a new stadium, _______________________well-equipped facilities. (定语从句)  variety various which contains a variety of 4. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 重视; 感激; 领会vi. 增值 【典型例句】 The passengers appreciated my warm-hearted service, which greatly inspired me. 乘客感激我热情的服务, 这极大地鼓励了我。 【词块必记】 (1)appreciate that. . . 　　　　 理解…… appreciate (sb. /sb. ‘s) doing. . . 感激(某人)做…… (2)I would appreciate it if. . . 如果……我将不胜感激 (3)appreciation n. 欣赏, 感激 express one’s appreciation/thanks to sb. 对某人表达感激之情 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Here I sincerely express my ___________ (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase. ②I would appreciate you ______ (call) back this afternoon. ③I would appreciate __ if you would set aside the whole day on March 3 so that I can meet with you. 完成句子 ④I appreciate ________________________to work in your company two years ago.   感激两年前给我在贵公司的工作机会。 appreciation calling it being given the opportunity Ⅱ. 核心短语 5. refer to (referred; referred)谈到; 提到; 参考; 查阅; 查看 【教材原句】 What do the italicised words refer to in the sentences? (P60)句子中的斜体词指的是什么? 【词块必记】 (1)refer to. . . as. . . 　　　把……称作…… refer. . . to. . . 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助) (2)reference n. 言及; 提及; 参考; 查阅 in/with reference to 关于 【知识微练】 写出黑体部分的含义 ① If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary. _____ ②When giving the lecture, he referred to his note from time to time. _____ ③In China, women who remain single in their late twenties are referred to as “leftover woman” by relatives and the media. ___________ 查阅 参考 把……称作 Ⅲ. 经典句式 6. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天, 不论住在哪里, 也不论说何种方言, 中国人都仍能通过书写进行交流。  【句型公式】 “no matter +疑问词” 引导的让步状语从句 “no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词+-ever”异同 “no matter+疑问词” “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句, 这时可以和“疑问词+-ever”互换, 值得注意的是它不能引导名词性从句 “疑问词+-ever” wh-ever可引导让步状语从句, 也可引导名词性从句 【知识微练】 完成句子 ① A determined person always tries to finish the job, __________________it is.   无论工作多么困难, 意志坚定的人总会尽力完成。 ②_____________________________________my task on schedule.   无论发生什么, 我尽力按时完成任务。 ③_____________________, you should let your parents know. 无论去什么地方, 你都应该让你父母知道。  no matter how hard No matter what happened, I tried to finish No matter where you go 7. The more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.   我对一门语言学的越多, 我的大脑就会越发达。 【典型例句】 The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes. 一个人越博学, 往往变得越谦虚。 【句型公式】 “the+比较级(+主语+谓语), the+比较级(+主语+谓语)”结构(……) 越……, (……)越……, 表示后者随着前者的变化而变化 (1)the+比较级. . . the+比较级. . . 句型中, 主句和从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时, 从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。 (2)在意义明确的情况下, 主从句都可以有所省略, 特别是谚语、俗语中。The more, the better. 多多益善。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ________ (strange) the idea is, the more it gets noticed. ②The more positive an article, the __________(likely) it was to be shared.   【佳句赏析】 The more often you seize opportunities to talk to the foreigners, the more confident you will be when speaking a foreign language. 越常抓住机会和外国人交谈, 说外语时你就越自信。 stranger more likely 【补充要点】 1. despite prep. 即使; 尽管 【教材原句】 China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. (P62) 中国因其古文明而广为人知, 虽然古文明在历史上有盛衰起伏, 但它成功传承到了现代。 【词块必记】 (1)despite=in spite of　　　　尽管; 不管 (2)regardless of 不管; 不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价) 【巧学助记】 Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. 尽管很痛, 我还是坚持走了一会儿, 然后又跑了起来。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless __ other people’s feelings. ②Dr. Bethune continued working in spite of _______ (cut) his hand during an operation. 【佳句赏析】 In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space. 除此之外, 网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。 of cutting 2. demand n. 要求; 需要; vt. 强烈要求 【典型例句】 (2020·浙江高考)Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed. 变化的信号灯能确保那里现有的交通需求得到满足。 【词块必记】 (1)be in (great) demands　　　　(迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求 (2) demand sth. 需要某事物 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand that. . . (should) do sth. 要求……做某事 (3) demanding adj. 高要求的; 要求严格的 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①They think learning English well is one of the ________ (demand) of modern society and will do good to our future career. ②My father came down and demanded _______(know) what was going on.   ③My demand is that the information referred to in my report _________________ (email) Mr Brown without delay.   demands to know (should) be emailed 3. relate vt. 联系; 讲述 【教材原句】 Does each sentence relate to the main idea? (P67) 每句话都与主旨有关吗? 【词块必记】 (2)relation 　　　　　　n. (relations) (人、团体、国家之间的)关系; [U, C]关联 in relation to 关于; 与……相比 related adj. 相关的; 有联系的 relationship n. 关系; 联系 relative　　　　　　 adj. 比较的; 相对的 n. 亲戚 relatively adv. 相对地; 相当地 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Nowadays, many people agree with the theory that acupuncture is related __ the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain. ②Since the 1980s, tourism industry has become the leading industry in Zhangjiajie, which has stimulated the development of other industries ______ (relate) to tourism. ③I have a lot to say in _______(relate) to this affair. 【佳句赏析】 It’s important to nurture a good working relationship. 维持良好的工 作关系非常重要。 to related relation 4. point of view 观点 【典型例句】 There are a number of different points of view on this issue. 在这个问题上意见纷纭。 【词块必记】 from one’s point of view 　　 依照某人的观点; 在某人看来 come into view 在视野之中; 看得见 take /hold the view that. . . 持有……观点 in view of 鉴于; 考虑到; 由于 【知识微练】 完成句子 From Zhong Nanshan’s ____________, _________safety, he firmly ____________ that everyone should wear masks and keep distance from each other in public areas.   在钟南山看来, 考虑到安全性, 他坚定地认为每人都应佩戴口罩并在公共场合保 持距离。 point of view in view of holds the view 5. date back (to. . . ) 追溯到…… 【典型例句】 According to the expert, the temple has a history dating back to the early Tang Dynasty. 那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久, 可追溯到初唐时期。 【词块必记】 (1)date back+一段时间的名词 date back to +时间点, 相当于 date from (2) up to date 最新的; 时髦的 out of date过期的; 过时的 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The sale also features Britain’s most extensive collection of historical cookbooks, some of which date back __ the reign of Henry Ⅷ. 完成句子 ②Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower _____________ as early as 800 years ago. (现在分词作定语)   每天大量的游客在追溯到800年前的古塔前拍照。 to dating back to 附1： 一、话题词汇 1. grammar n. 语法　　 2. pronounce v. 发音 3. spoken adj. 口语的 4. oral adj. 口头的 5. spelling n. 拼写 6. accent n. 口音 7. translate v. 翻译 8. practice v. 练习 9. communicate v. 交流 10. look up查询 二、话题背诵 1. I don’t understand French. 我不懂法语。 2. To learn English well requires a lot of practice. 学好英语需要大量练习。 3. If you don’t play, you’ll get out of practice. 不练习, 你就会生疏。 4. You need to practise speaking English to make progress. 你需要练习讲英语以取得进步。 5. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. 俗话说, “熟能生巧。” Ⅰ. 看图配词 1. Look at the pictures. Can you speak them in American English and British English? 附2： 2. Discussion: The pictures tell us _____________________________ ________________________.   the difference between American English and British English Ⅱ. 读音写词 Ⅲ. 读词辨音 1. ______(BrE) attitude; 　 ______(AmE) attitude  2. ______(BrE)either; ______(AmE)either  3. ______(BrE)leisure; ______(AmE)leisure  4. ______(BrE)tomato; ______(AmE)tomato  5. ______(BrE)progress; ______(AmE)progress  6. ______(BrE)dictionary; ______(AmE)dictionary  7. ______(BrE)dynasty; ______(AmE)dynasty  8. ______(BrE)schedule; ______(AmE)schedule  答案: Ⅳ. 完成对话 Dialogue(1): A: I want to try something different today. B: ①__________________(你的意思是什么? )  A: I want to make my hair a few inches short. B: ②___________(你确信)you want me to cut it that short?   What do you mean? Are you sure A: I’ve been thinking about this for a while now. B: All right. Then let’s begin. Dialogue (2): A: ③_______________________(你介意重复一遍)that? I didn’t hear you clearly.   B: I was asking if you could tell me how to get to your office. Would you mind repeating A: Well, I think ④____________________(你最好坐出 租车) to come here.   B: Thank you very much. you’d better take a taxi 【语音点拨】 英美发音的差异有一些是有规律的。如: 以上发音规律只是一般原则, 但也有例外。英国人在发音时, 肌肉比较紧张, 唇形变化大, 说出来的英语显得严谨、正式。而美国人在发音时, 肌肉比较放松, 唇形变化小, 说出来的英语显得随意, 亲切。 Thank you 49 $$