精品解析：四川省南充市白塔中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

白塔中学高2022级高二（下）期中考试题（英语） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写； 必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回（试题卷学生保存，以备评讲）。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A．£19.15． B．£9.18． C．£9.15． 答案是 C． 1．How is the weather? A．Snowy. B．Cloudy. C．Clear. 2．What is the time now? A．2:30．B．2:50． C．3:00． 3．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Give up the trip. B．Travel with Carrie. C．Ask Carrie for help. 4．What is the conversation mainly about? A．A waiter. B．A restaurant. C．The man’s cousin. 5．What does the woman mean at last? A．She’ll find a new stylist. B．She’ll cut her hair again. C．She’ll talk with the stylist. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题. 6．When does the conversation take place? A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday. 7．What will the man do tomorrow? A．Seek a job. B．Attend a meeting. C．Have a check-up. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man’s opinion about his job? A．Tiring. B．Rewarding. C．Relaxing. 9．What will the man do tomorrow? A．Hire some staff. B．Hold a meeting. C．Report to the manager. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The preparation for a party. B．The apology to a friend. C．The menu of a restaurant. 11．What will Charlie do next? A．Call Linda. B．Make chicken salad. C．Send out invitations. 12．How does Irene sound at last? A．Worried. B．Relieved. C．Surprised. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Why is Sarah calling? A．To change the delivery address. B．To delay the delivery time. C．To cancel the order. 14．What will happen to Sarah’s package? A．It will be left at her door. B．It will be returned to the supplier. C．It will be kept at the local post office. 15．How much will Sarah’s bill come to? A．$150． B．$160． C．$170． 16．What will Sarah do next week? A．Have a business trip. B．Visit a branch office. C．Go downtown. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．To whom does the speaker give this talk? A．Singers. B．Students. C．Teachers. 18．What does the speaker suggest the listeners do? A．Protect their voice from hurt. B．Consider how strong their ambition is. C．Take advantage of opportunities to perform. 19．Why does the speaker mention Diana? A．To show a different path for singers. B．To let singers value their good voices. C．To encourage singers to get over anxiety. 20．What do we know about Diana? A．She avoids singing in the studio. B．She is extremely nervous on stage. C．She prepares in her car before recording. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A If you’re a keen photographer with a passion for making an impact, we’d love to have you join this nonprofit photography workshop in Africa! You don’t need to be a pro to join: you just need to have a good camera, basic photography skills, and an interest in giving back through photography. ·Program schedule One-week workshop The program will be kicked off with a workshop taught by humanitarian photographer Anna Lusty. The first week will be focused on all elements of nonprofit photography, including how to prepare for shoots, how to approach projects in a culturally sensitive way, and how to best capture (捕捉) the essence of projects, etc. Half days will be spent on theory, and during the other half, we’ll visit a nonprofit organization so that we can put skills into practice. ·Photography assignments From the second week, you’ll start your photography assignments. Each week, you’ll be assigned to a grassroots organization of your choice. This can have a wide range of focus areas, such as education, animal welfare, sports coaching and more. You’ll spend your time getting to understand the organization’s mission and projects, and you’ll document their work with your camera. At the end of the week, there will be time for post production, and you can donate a selection of your images to the organization. ·Logistics and support Accommodation, transport and support are all provided during this photography volunteer project. We’ll pick you up from the airport, provide all necessary transport and support on the ground and supply daily meals. ·Start dates and fees Our start dates for 2024 are as follows: Cape Town: Feb 19/May 14 /July 17 /Oct 16 Livingstone: July 31 Program fees for 2024: 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks Cape Town $2,150 $2,700 $3,250 Livingstone $2,750 $3,200 $3,650 We’d love to receive your application! 1. What is required to apply for the program? A. Professional photography skills. B. Related volunteer experience. C. Proper photographic equipment. D. Interest in African culture. 2. What do we know about the schedule of the program? A. Each volunteer is assigned a professional photographer. B. The program combines theoretical learning and practical sessions. C. Volunteers can team up freely to finish a project together. D. Participants raise money for the organization. 3. How much should you pay if you start the program on July 31 and stay for 3 weeks? A. $2,150. B. $2,700. C. $3,200. D. $3,650. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个非营利摄影工作室的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“you just need to have a good camera, basic photography skills, and an interest in giving back through photography.(你只需要有一台好的相机，基本的摄影技巧，以及通过摄影回馈社会的兴趣)”可知，申请这个项目需要有适当的照相设备。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Half days will be spent on theory, and during the other half, we’ll visit a nonprofit organization so that we can put skills into practice.(半天时间学习理论知识，另一半时间，我们将参观一个非营利组织，这样我们就可以把技能付诸实践)”可知，一半的日子会在理论上，另一半会去参观一个非营利性组织，目的是使理论应用于实践。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Start dates and fees部分中“Livingstone: July 31(Livingstone：7月31日)”以及表格内容可知，开始于7月31日的是Livingstone，三周的价格是3200美元。故选C。 B I grew up on a dairy farm. The particular life location to which I got assigned—“stuck” is a better word if you’ve ever been there — was a small family-owned-and-operated outfit. I remember the Christmas when our main hired hand dropped out of the work rotation. Sixteen and the oldest of the kids left at home, I was called on to fill in. Halfway through the first day, I realized I had never noticed exactly how much that worker did. For five days I either milked or slept, fed calves (牛犊) or slept. I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life. Eventually, my determination paid off. I got into college. Now, I no longer have to worry about my father’s voice yelling, “Stace, come out here! We need help!” To be honest, I’m grateful. But at the same time, I also don’t have a compelling reason to be up in time to see the beauty of a sunrise. Nor do I have the opportunity to dance with my sister in the dairy barn, work side-by-side with my dad and hear the old stories. Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away. Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were. 4. What did the author come to understand on her first day working on the farm? A. She couldn’t manage so much work. B. Her parents sacrificed a lot for her family. C. The tasks were dull and challenging. D. The work was more demanding than expected. 5. What motivated the author to pursue further education? A. Lack of opportunities on the farm. B. A passion for academic study. C. Her dissatisfaction with farm life. D. Encouragement from her parents. 6. How does the author feel about her life now? A. Mixed. B. Regretful. C. Content. D. Relieved. 7. What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph? A. She has become tired of her daily routine. B. She misses the connections she had before. C. She regrets leaving her family behind. D. She has lost interest in the beauty of nature. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者从小生活在农场里，繁重的农场工作使作者下决心远离农场去求学深造，后来又开始怀念农场生活。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years(我必须承认，这让我深深感激我的父母30年来日复一日的辛勤工作)”可知，作者开始意识到这个工作比之前预计的要费力，故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life.(我必须承认，这让我深深感激我的父母30年来日复一日的辛勤工作，这种理解坚定了我的决心，无论付出什么代价，我都不会一辈子待在那个奶牛场)”可知，作者对农场生活不满意，这促使她继续深造，故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后两段“Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away.(现在，我有好长一段时间都不觉得迫切需要出门。我可以几个月不去抚摸动物，也不去惊奇地观察它们对周围环境的敏锐感知。相反，我的邻居离我很近，但他们感觉自己住在另一个星球上)”和“Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were.(18年来，我一直生活在那个奶牛场里，不知道还有人没有起床，走出去，日复一日地一起完成同样繁重的任务。有时候我真希望我从来没有发现这一点)”可知，现在作者发现了不在农场生活的坏处，反思自己没有意识到的农场生活的好处，由此推知她看到现在的生活既有好的一面又有不好的一面，所以是mixed，故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后两段“Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away.(现在，我有好长一段时间都不觉得迫切需要出门。我可以几个月不去抚摸动物，也不去惊奇地观察它们对周围环境的敏锐感知。相反，我的邻居离我很近，但他们感觉自己住在另一个星球上)”和“Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were.(18年来，我一直生活在那个奶牛场里，不知道还有人没有起床，走出去，日复一日地一起完成同样繁重的任务。有时候我真希望我从来没有发现这一点)”可知，作者怀念之前的时光，与自然、邻居的联系，故选B。 C Of the 8,300 million tons of virgin (原始的) plastic produced up to the end of 2015, 6,300 million tons have been discarded (丢弃). Most of that plastic waste is still with us, buried in landfills or polluting the environment. Microplastics have been found in Antarctic sea ice, in the guts of animals that live in the deepest ocean trenches and in drinking water around the world. But what if we could wave a magic wand and remove all plastics from our lives? For the sake of the planet, it would be a tempting prospect — but we’d quickly find out just how far plastic has spread to every aspect of our existence. In hospitals, the loss of plastic would be devastating. “Imagine trying to run a dialysis (透析) unit with no plastic”, says Sharon George, senior lecturer in environmental sustainability and green technology at Keele University in the UK. Plastic is used in gloves, tubing, blood bags, sample tubes and more. Some everyday plastic items are also vital for protecting health. Face masks, including plastic-based surgical masks and respirators (人工呼吸器), as well as reusable cloth masks, have helped slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus. “A mask that you have for COVID is related to our safety and the safety of others,” says George. “The impact of taking that away could be loss of life if you took it away on a big scale.” Our food system would also quickly come apart. We use packaging to protect food from damage in transit and preserve it long enough to reach supermarket shelves, as well as for communication and marketing. “I cannot imagine how plastic would be replaced completely in our system,” says Eleni Iacovidou, a lecturer in environmental management at Brunel University London. Swapping out plastic packaging would have knock-on (产生连锁反应的) environmental effects. While glass has some advantages over plastic, such as being endlessly recyclable, a one-liter glass bottle can weigh as much as 800 g compared to a 40 g plastic one. When those heavier bottles and jars need to be transported over long distances, carbon emissions grow even more. It’s clear that replacing one material with another won’t solve all our plastic problems. 8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To give a definition. B. To report on a study. C. To introduce a topic. D. To describe a phenomenon. 9. What does the underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Interesting. B. Practical. C. Predictable. D. Destructive. 10. What is Eleni Iacovidou’s attitude toward removing plastic totally in food system? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Optimistic. D. Uninterested. 11. Which would be the best title for the text? A. What if we stopped using plastic? B. Is plastic packaging bad for the environment? C. More recycling won’t solve plastic pollution D. Swapping out plastic for sustainable living 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。虽然塑料造成了很多问题，但是停止使用塑料是难以想象的。文章从塑料在医疗应用、维持健康、食品体系等方面的广泛运用，以及清除塑料带来的糟糕的连锁反应方面，介绍了停止使用塑料的后果。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Of the 8,300 million tons of virgin (原始的) plastic produced up to the end of 2015, 6,300 million tons have been discarded (丢弃). Most of that plastic waste is still with us, buried in landfills or polluting the environment. Microplastics have been found in Antarctic sea ice, in the guts of animals that live in the deepest ocean trenches and in drinking water around the world.”（截至2015年底，全球生产了83亿吨未加工塑料，其中63亿吨已被丢弃。大部分塑料垃圾仍然存在，被埋在垃圾填埋场或污染着环境。在南极海冰、生活在最深海沟的动物内脏以及世界各地的饮用水中都发现了微塑料。）可知，文章开头用目前广泛讨论的塑料问题引入，吸引读者的注意，继而转到后面如果将全部塑料替换清除的讨论。由此推知，第一段的目的在于引入话题，C项符合题意。故选C。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中Sharon George所说的话“Imagine trying to run a dialysis (透析) unit with no plastic”（想象一下在没有塑料的情况下运行透析设备）和“Plastic is used in gloves, tubing, blood bags, sample tubes and more.”（塑料被用于手套、管道、血袋、样管等。）可知，塑料在医院这样的医疗场所被广泛使用，无法替代，如果塑料被清除，那么后果是毁灭性的。因此，D项“Destructive（破坏性的）”和devastating意思相近。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中Eleni Iacovidou所说的话“I cannot imagine how plastic would be replaced completely in our system”（我无法想象塑料在我们的系统中如何被完全取代）可知，塑料在食品体系中至关重要，如果被取代是无法想象的。由此推知，Eleni对于取代食品体系中的塑料是持怀疑态度的，A项“Doubtful(怀疑的)”符合题意。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“But what if we could wave a magic wand and remove all plastics from our lives? For the sake of the planet, it would be a tempting prospect — but we’d quickly find out just how far plastic has spread to every aspect of our existence.”（但如果我们能挥动魔杖，从我们的生活中清除所有塑料呢？为了地球，这将是一个诱人的前景，但我们很快就会发现塑料已经蔓延到我们存在的各个方面。），并通读全文可知，虽然塑料造成了很多问题，但是停止使用塑料是难以想象的。文章从塑料在医疗应用、维持健康、食品体系等方面的广泛运用，以及清除塑料带来的糟糕的连锁反应方面，介绍了停止使用塑料的后果。因此，A项“如果我们停止使用塑料会怎么样？”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 D Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earth-quakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earth-quake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 12. How does the AI forecast earthquakes? A. By identifying data from the satellites. B. By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. C. By modeling data based on earthquake recordings. D. By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. 13. What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph 3? A. The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B. The importance of preparing for earthquakes. C. The significance of developing the AI prediction. D. The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction. 14. What will the follow-up research focus on? A. Conducting tests in different locations. B. Applying the AI approach to other fields. C. Building more earthquake stations in Texas. D. Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy. 15. Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A. Stable but outdated. B. Effective but costly. C. Potential and economical. D. Pioneering and promising. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了德克萨斯州大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在地震预测方面取得的进展，特别是他们开发的AI算法在地震预测方面的应用及效果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段尤其是最后一句“Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.(经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中倾听即将到来的地震迹象来提供预测)”可知，AI通过分析地震时的背景声音预测地震。故选B。 13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段尤其是后两句Alexandros Sawvaidis所说话“It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.(这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得有多充分。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助最大限度地减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作)”可推知，Alexandros Savvaidis认为，即便是70%的准确性也极其重要，因为它可以减少经济损失，人员伤亡，还有可能提高全世界对地震发生的准备（和预防）。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earth-quake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes.(下一步是在德州测试人工智能，因为德州的德州地震信息局有300个地震观测站，有超过6年的连续记录，是进行这些研究的理想地点)”可知，研究人员下一步准备在德克萨斯州进一步进行AI地震预测的实验。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes.(人工智能(AI)在地震预测方面显示出希望，挑战了人们长期以来认为地震预测不可能实现的信念。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在中国进行的一项试验中，开发出了一种人工智能算法，可以提前一周准确预测70%的地震，并为预测的地震提供了准确的强度计算)”可知，地震预测技术有发展前景，根据第三段中“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. ‘You don’t see earth-quakes coming,’ explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). ‘It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.’(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。‘你看不到地震的到来，’领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandros Savvaidis解释说。‘这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助最大限度地减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。’)”可知，研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。由此推知，AI预测地震的工作既具有前沿性，其将来也是大有希望的。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary. ____16____. Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. ·Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne. ____17____. ·Sweating makes you happy. When you’re hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. ____18____. In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. ·____19____ When sitting in a sauna (桑拿浴室), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. And you’ll be better off for it. A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths. ·____20____ If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A PLOSONE study supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands, resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. Sweating supports your heart B. Sweating a lot means that you’re fit C. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises D. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel happier too E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent F. So, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating G. It’s a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章从四个方面解释了为什么出汗有好处。 【16题详解】 前一句“Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary.(出汗可能不是你最喜欢做的事情，但它是必要的)”提到，出汗是必要的，G项“这是一种自然的身体功能，有助于调节体温，防止过热”是对sweating的一个整体性的介绍性文字，其中的“It”指代前一句中“Sweating”，同时也是对前一句中“necessary”的进一步解释，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Sweating is good for your skin.(出汗对你的皮肤有好处)”和前一句“However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne.(然而，汗液在皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病)”可知，本段讲出汗对皮肤的好处，但是皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病，由此推知，设空处应与清洗有关，F项“所以，出汗后洗脸和洗澡是很有必要的”符合语境，和前一句构成因果关系，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据本段小标题“Sweating makes you happy.(出汗让你快乐)”和空后一句“In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness.(在2015年的一项研究中，闻到‘快乐汗水’的人表现出与幸福相关的倾向)”可知，本段主要讲出汗让人感到快乐，闻到“快乐汗水”的人也会快乐，D项“汗流浃背的自己也会让你周围的人感到更快乐”符合语境，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据本段中“A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths.(芬兰一项长达20年的研究发现，经常在桑拿浴室出汗的人患心脏性猝死的几率更低)”可知，本段是讲出汗对心脏有好处，A项“出汗对心脏有帮助”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据本段中“If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign.(如果你在运动中大量出汗，这通常是一个积极的迹象)”可知，本段是讲出汗多是一个积极的迹象，B项“出汗多意味着你很健康”符合语境，B项中的“a lot”和段落中“heavily”、“got sweatier”、“more sweat”相关，故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get ____21____ advice from kids during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour. Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, ____22____ her students just might have the magic words needed to bring ____23____ to people in these difficult times. “To hear the pure ____24____ from kids is extremely comforting,” she says. The project was called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first.. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and ____25____ it “PepToc”, they ____26____ they liked that even better. The hotline is ____27____ in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of ____28____ of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can ____29____ a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying! Don’t give up!” Pressing 4 _____30_____ the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a _____31_____ to anyone’s face. Pressing 1 _____32_____ ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or _____33_____ ” Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. Pressing2 results in “words of _____34_____ and life advice”. This includes messages like “The _____35_____ is a better place with you in it.” 21. A. reasonable B. rare C. mysterious D. cheerful 22. A. thought B. complained C. declared D. insisted 23. A. wealth B. attention C. calm D. luck 24. A. comment B. joy C. praise D. mind 25. A. pronounced B. typed C. spelled D. drew 26. A. decided B. learned C. changed D. assumed 27. A. spoken B. memorable C. popular D. available 28. A. callers B. children C. artists D. operators 29. A. witness B. suggest C. catch D. hear 30. A. generates B. records C. analyzes D. breaks 31. A. mark B. wrinkle C. smile D. tear 32. A. brings up B. laughs at C. gives away D. turn to 33. A. distracted B. content C. peaceful D. nervous 34. A. management B. encouragement C. judgement D. argument 35. A. hotline B. world C. school D. street 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建的一条电话热线，给人们带来了开心和鼓励。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。A. reasonable合理的；B. rare罕见的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. cheerful高兴的。下文“during difficult times (在困难时期)”指出是在困难时期寻求建议，应该是要寻求积极向上，令人开心的建议。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡·马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. thought认为；B. complained抱怨；C. declared宣称；D. insisted坚持。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline (加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线)”指出，学生们创建电话热线电话是在老师的帮助之下，因此可推测老师肯定认为这一通热线是有意义的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡·马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. wealth财富；B. attention注意力；C. calm平静；D. luck运气。下文“To hear the pure… from kids is extremely comforting, (从孩子们那里听到纯粹的…是非常令人欣慰的，)”指出拨打热线会让人感到舒服，即它给予人们的是心情上好的转变，变得平静属于此类。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。A. comment评论；B. joy愉悦，快乐；C. praise表扬；D. mind思想。下文“It offers the happy voices… (它提供了快乐的声音…)”指出该热线提供快乐的声音，故能带给人愉悦。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A. pronounced宣布；B. typed打字；C. spelled拼写；D. drew画。上文“Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first. (事实上，他们首先称之为“鼓励话语”。)”指出，最初该热线是另一个名字，和老师的儿子提供了存在字母上的差异，可推测这是老师6岁的儿子把单词拼写错了。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A. decided决定；B. learned学习；C. changed改变；D. assumed认为。上文“The project was called “PepToc”. (该项目被称为“PepToc”)”指出，该热线的名字为“PepToc”，是由最初的名字改过来的，故表明在得到“PepToc”这个，名字之后，他们决定选择后者而不是最初的名字。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：热线电话有英文和西班牙文两种版本。A. spoken口头的；B. memorable值得纪念的；C. popular流行的；D. available可用的。下文“in English and Spanish (用英文和西班牙文打电话)”指出，该热线可以通过两种语言拨打，故通过这两种语言都能用该热线。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。A. callers呼叫者；B. children孩子；C. artists艺术家；D. operators操作员。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. (加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。)”指出，该热线是小学生创建的，因此听到的声音肯定是孩子们的。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，按3，你可以听到一群幼儿园的孩子一起说：“你能行！继续努力！不要放弃！”A. witness目击；B. suggest建议；C. catch抓住；D. hear听见。上文““To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says. (“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。)”指出，拨打热线能够听到孩子们的快乐。故选D项。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：按4，会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音——这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A. generates产生；B. records记录；C. analyzes分析；D. breaks打破。上文“It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. (它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。)”指出，只要拨打热线，就能听到不同的儿童快乐的声音，故此处肯定指的是按下3热线那头就传来笑声，即有笑声产生。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：按4，会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音——这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A. mark记号；B. wrinkle皱纹；C. smile微笑；D. tear眼泪。上文““To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says. (“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。)”指出拨打热线让人舒服，故听到孩子们的笑声，任何人的脸上会出现跟笑声一样的笑容。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：按1，会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A. brings up调出，带来；B. laughs at嘲笑；C. gives away泄露；D. turn to向…求助。下文“Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. (有用的建议包括“打枕头”或“去拿饼干”。)”指出按1能收到一些建议，故这些建议是按1这个动作带来的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：按1，会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A. distracted思想不集中的；B. content满意的；C. peaceful平和的；D. nervous紧张的。上文“feeling mad, frustrated, or (感到精神错乱、沮丧或)”指出按1的人是精神错乱或者沮丧的人，因此空格处的用于表明人的状况的词也和这两个词一样指出精神状态的问题，故nervous符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：按2，会得到“鼓励和生活建议的话语”。A. management管理；B. encouragement鼓励；C. judgement判断；D. argument争论。下文“The… is a better place with you in it. (有你在，…会变得更美好。)”对拨打热线的人给予了表扬，这是一种鼓励。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中包括诸如“有你在，世界会变得更美好。”之类的信息。A. hotline热线；B. world世界；C. school学校；D. street街道。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. (加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，肯定是正对社会上各行各业的人，因此地点范围不应该局限在学校或者小地方，而是告诉人们整个世界都因为他们变得更好。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What comes to mind when you think of Chinese kung fu? For Laurence J. Brahm, a US filmmaker who recently completed his ____36____ (late)work Searching for Kung Fu, the first thing that springs to mind is the concept of non-violence. The official Chinese name for kung fu is wushu. As Brahm explained, if you break down the character “wu”, it ____37____ (consist) of two character: one is “ge”, meaning dagger-axe (戈); the other is “zhi”, meaning stopping. So, the meaning of kung fu is not the “art of fighting”. ____38____ the contrary, he said, kung fu is the art of stopping fighting, the art of non-violence. In making his film, Brahm looked into different forms of kung fu widely ____39____ (practice) in China, interviewing many masters and scholars. “Kung fu practitioners salute with ‘baoquan’, literally meaning ‘fist wrapping’, ____40____ shows two things at least. One is that you have a fist, but you're not using it. And then you’re showing ‘I have no hidden weapons’. It’s trust,” he said. “Kung fu masters will avoid ____41____ (fight) at all costs. Although you know how to use force, you are the last one ____42____ (use) force, because you know the outcome of this thing.” “Kung fu, in ____43____ (I) eyes, is a mirror of Chinese culture,” Brahm said. “It reminds you why China adopts a policy of not wanting to have conflict with other countries.” Brahm believes that today’s world ____44____ (urgent) needs to restart equal exchanges between countries, ____45____ that culture and sports, such as kung fu, can serve as a great channel and platform. 【答案】36. latest 37. consists 38. On 39. practiced 40. which 41. fighting 42. to use 43. my 44. urgently 45. and 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国电影制片人Laurence J. Brahm制作的新电影《寻找功夫》，以及他对中国功夫的深刻理解。 【36题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：对于最近刚刚完成最新作品《寻找功夫》的美国电影制作人劳伦斯·J·布拉姆来说，首先映入脑海的是非暴力的概念。此处表示“最新的”应用形容词late的最高级latest，作定语，故填latest。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：功夫的中文官方名称是武术。正如勃拉姆解释的那样，如果你把“武”字拆开来看，它由两个字组成：一个是“戈”，意思是匕首斧头；另一个是“止”，意思是停止。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是it，动词consist应用三单形式，故填consists。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：相反，他说，功夫是停止战斗的艺术，非暴力的艺术。on the contrary固定搭配，意为“相反”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填On。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在拍摄这部电影的过程中，布拉姆研究了在中国广泛使用的不同形式的功夫，采访了许多大师和学者。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰kung fu，且动词practice和kung fu二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填practiced。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：功夫修行者以‘抱拳’敬礼，字面意思是‘裹拳’，这至少表明了两件事。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fist wrapping，指物，且从句中缺少主语应用关系代词which来引导，故填which。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：功夫大师会不惜一切代价避免战斗。虽然你知道如何使用武力，但你是最后一个使用武力的人，因为你知道这件事的结果。名词或代词由序数词，last等修饰时，应用不定式作后置定语，故填to use。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：功夫大师会不惜一切代价避免战斗。虽然你知道如何使用武力，但你是最后一个使用武力的人，因为你知道这件事的结果。avoid doing固定搭配，意为“避免做”，故填fighting。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：布拉姆说：“在我看来，功夫是中国文化的一面镜子。”in one’s eyes固定搭配，意为“在某人看来”，所以此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填my。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：布拉姆认为，当今世界迫切需要重新启动国家之间的平等交流，文化和体育，如功夫，可以作为一个伟大的渠道和平台。此处修饰动词needs，应用副词，作状语，故填urgently。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：布拉姆认为，当今世界迫切需要重新启动国家之间的平等交流，文化和体育，如功夫，可以作为一个伟大的渠道和平台。此处宾语从句“that today’s world ______(urgent) needs to restart equal exchanges between countries”和宾语从句“that culture and sports, such as kung fu, can serve as a great channel and platform.”是并列关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack来信说他在学汉语的过程中感到气馁，希望你就如何学好汉语给他提供一些建议。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1．给与鼓励；2．提供建议；3．表达祝愿。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack I hope you're doing well. I understand that learning Chinese can be tough, but don't lose heart! Every bit of progress counts, and you're doing great.Here are some suggestions. First of all, try to speak and listen to Chinese every day, even if it's just for a few minutes. What's more, watch Chinese movies, listen to Chinese music, and try reading simple Chinese books to immerse yourself in the language. Moreover, find a language partner to practice speaking with. This can make learning more enjoyable and effective. Keep going, and don't give up. I believe in you! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Jack回一封邮件，就如何学好汉语给他提供一些建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 困难的：tough→difficult 建议：suggestion→advice 学习：learn→study 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Moreover, find a language partner to practice speaking with. This can make learning more enjoyable and effective. 拓展句：Moreover, find a language partner to practice speaking with, which can make learning more enjoyable and effective. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, try to speak and listen to Chinese every day, even if it's just for a few minutes.（运用了even if引导的让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】 I understand that learning Chinese can be tough, but don't lose heart!（运用了that引导宾语从句以及动名词作主语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was a boy, I always wore turtleneck shirts because I was so sensitive and shy. I worked hard to earn exceptional marks and always tried to behave well. I was younger than everyone else because my good marks had allowed me to skip second grade, but this added nothing to my already low self-confidence. When I was 14, my parents divorced (离婚). I moved in with my dad in a new neighborhood, but he was always so busy and had little time for me. It seemed the only time he ever spoke to me was to be demanding or critical. I began to hate coming home from school every day. I sank further into my low self-esteem (自尊心) and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated and alone. One day, my aunt called. This seemed like a miracle (奇迹) to me. Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year, on my birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest, and she thought I should try it, too. She told me she firmly believed I could perform on stage like the other kids since she had seen me do skits (幽默小品) for the family at Christmas. I was a little surprised. Me? Onstage? In a public speaking contest? I was hesitant. But Aunt Ginette was so confident and seemed really serious. Feeling her strong belief, I went against all odds and agreed to enter the contest. All that winter, twice a week after dinner, I took three different buses for the three-hour round-trip to practice in Ville d’Anjou, where the competition would take place. Although my dad really did love me and wanted the best for me, he disapproved of this new dream, fearing it would take away from my homework time and impact my academic performance. But I remained a top performer in school and never missed a day. 注意: 1.续写词数应为 150 左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Four months later, the big night arrived. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I saw my father’s face, his eyes were shining－he was so proud. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Four months later, the big night arrived. Waiting anxiously alongside the other competitors, I couldn’t keep from trembling. Taking a deep breath, I tried my best to control my emotions, murmuring to myself, “You can do it!” Finally, it was my turn. I adjusted my clothes, confidently rose to my feet and strode (大步走) onto the stage. I stood there and firmly began my speech, which I had practiced hundreds of times. Words smoothly flew out of my mouth like a beautiful melody, and it was then that I spotted my father in the audience. When I saw my father’s face, his eyes were shining－he was so proud. Somehow, I gained energy from his expression and finished the speech smoothly. Sitting by my dad, I waited for the result and the previous tightness was replaced by a sense of relief. Dad gently patted my shoulder, saying, “Well done,” and gave me a big hug. “I now realize how wrong I was to criticize you all the time. I should have appreciated you more.” Hearing this, tears welled up in my eyes, blurring the surroundings. It turned out I got the first prize and we cheered happily. Since then, I have looked at the world with brand-new confidence, heading toward my bright future. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候非常敏感和害羞，努力学习以获得优异的成绩。作者14岁时，父母离婚，作者跟随父亲一起生活，但是父亲很忙，很少有时间陪作者。似乎他唯一一次对作者说话就是提出要求或批评，为此作者对自己没有什么信心。一天作者的阿姨打电话让他参加公开演讲比赛，刚开始作者犹豫不决，但是阿姨鼓励他，相信他，最终作者同意参加比赛。之后一整个冬天，作者都每周两次在晚饭后乘坐三辆不同的巴士往返三个小时，前往比赛举办地进行训练。最终作者顺利完成了比赛，获得了一等奖，作者的父亲意识到自己应该欣赏孩子而不是批评。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“四个月后，重要的夜晚到来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者参加比赛时很紧张，但努力控制自己的情绪，在台上流利地演讲。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我看到父亲的脸时，他的眼睛闪闪发光——他是那么自豪。”可知，第二段可描写作者从父亲自豪的眼神获得力量顺利完成比赛。赛后，父亲鼓励称赞作者，意识到自己应该多欣赏作者而不是批评，作者听到父亲的话后很感动，最后作者获得了一等奖。 2.续写线索：上台演讲——紧张——深呼吸，鼓励自己——站在舞台上流利地演讲——看到父亲自豪的眼神——获得力量顺利完成比赛——父亲意识到自己应该多欣赏作者而不是批评——作者感动——获得第一名——自此作者很自信 3.词汇激活行为类 ①低语：murmur/whisper ②认出：spot/identify ③获得：gain/get/acquire 情绪类 ①不安地：anxiously/restlessly ②高兴地：happily/gladly 【点睛】[高分句型1] I stood there and firmly began my speech, which I had practiced hundreds of times.（由运用了which引导的非限制定语从句） [高分句型2]I now realize how wrong I was to criticize you all the time. （由关how引导的宾语从句） [高分句型3]Hearing this, tears welled up in my eyes, blurring the surroundings.（由现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 白塔中学高2022级高二（下）期中考试题（英语） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写； 必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回（试题卷学生保存，以备评讲）。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A．£19.15． B．£9.18． C．£9.15． 答案是 C． 1．How is the weather? A．Snowy. B．Cloudy. C．Clear. 2．What is the time now? A．2:30．B．2:50． C．3:00． 3．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Give up the trip. B．Travel with Carrie. C．Ask Carrie for help. 4．What is the conversation mainly about? A．A waiter. B．A restaurant. C．The man’s cousin. 5．What does the woman mean at last? A．She’ll find a new stylist. B．She’ll cut her hair again. C．She’ll talk with the stylist. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题. 6．When does the conversation take place? A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday. 7．What will the man do tomorrow? A．Seek a job. B．Attend a meeting. C．Have a check-up. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man’s opinion about his job? A．Tiring. B．Rewarding. C．Relaxing. 9．What will the man do tomorrow? A．Hire some staff. B．Hold a meeting. C．Report to the manager. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The preparation for a party. B．The apology to a friend. C．The menu of a restaurant. 11．What will Charlie do next? A．Call Linda. B．Make chicken salad. C．Send out invitations. 12．How does Irene sound at last? A．Worried. B．Relieved. C．Surprised. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Why is Sarah calling? A．To change the delivery address. B．To delay the delivery time. C．To cancel the order. 14．What will happen to Sarah’s package? A．It will be left at her door. B．It will be returned to the supplier. C．It will be kept at the local post office. 15．How much will Sarah’s bill come to? A．$150． B．$160． C．$170． 16．What will Sarah do next week? A．Have a business trip. B．Visit a branch office. C．Go downtown. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．To whom does the speaker give this talk? A．Singers. B．Students. C．Teachers. 18．What does the speaker suggest the listeners do? A．Protect their voice from hurt. B．Consider how strong their ambition is. C．Take advantage of opportunities to perform. 19．Why does the speaker mention Diana? A．To show a different path for singers. B．To let singers value their good voices. C．To encourage singers to get over anxiety. 20．What do we know about Diana? A．She avoids singing in the studio. B．She is extremely nervous on stage. C．She prepares in her car before recording. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A If you’re a keen photographer with a passion for making an impact, we’d love to have you join this nonprofit photography workshop in Africa! You don’t need to be a pro to join: you just need to have a good camera, basic photography skills, and an interest in giving back through photography. ·Program schedule One-week workshop The program will be kicked off with a workshop taught by humanitarian photographer Anna Lusty. The first week will be focused on all elements of nonprofit photography, including how to prepare for shoots, how to approach projects in a culturally sensitive way, and how to best capture (捕捉) the essence of projects, etc. Half days will be spent on theory, and during the other half, we’ll visit a nonprofit organization so that we can put skills into practice. ·Photography assignments From the second week, you’ll start your photography assignments. Each week, you’ll be assigned to a grassroots organization of your choice. This can have a wide range of focus areas, such as education, animal welfare, sports coaching and more. You’ll spend your time getting to understand the organization’s mission and projects, and you’ll document their work with your camera. At the end of the week, there will be time for post production, and you can donate a selection of your images to the organization. ·Logistics and support Accommodation, transport and support are all provided during this photography volunteer project. We’ll pick you up from the airport, provide all necessary transport and support on the ground and supply daily meals. ·Start dates and fees Our start dates for 2024 are as follows: Cape Town: Feb 19/May 14 /July 17 /Oct 16 Livingstone: July 31 Program fees for 2024: 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks Cape Town $2,150 $2,700 $3,250 Livingstone $2,750 $3,200 $3,650 We’d love to receive your application! 1. What is required to apply for the program? A. Professional photography skills. B. Related volunteer experience. C Proper photographic equipment. D. Interest in African culture. 2. What do we know about the schedule of the program? A. Each volunteer is assigned a professional photographer. B. The program combines theoretical learning and practical sessions. C. Volunteers can team up freely to finish a project together. D. Participants raise money for the organization. 3. How much should you pay if you start the program on July 31 and stay for 3 weeks? A. $2,150. B. $2,700. C. $3,200. D. $3,650. B I grew up on a dairy farm. The particular life location to which I got assigned—“stuck” is a better word if you’ve ever been there — was a small family-owned-and-operated outfit. I remember the Christmas when our main hired hand dropped out of the work rotation. Sixteen and the oldest of the kids left at home, I was called on to fill in. Halfway through the first day, I realized I had never noticed exactly how much that worker did. For five days I either milked or slept, fed calves (牛犊) or slept. I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life. Eventually, my determination paid off. I got into college. Now, I no longer have to worry about my father’s voice yelling, “Stace, come out here! We need help!” To be honest, I’m grateful. But at the same time, I also don’t have a compelling reason to be up in time to see the beauty of a sunrise. Nor do I have the opportunity to dance with my sister in the dairy barn, work side-by-side with my dad and hear the old stories. Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away. Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were. 4. What did the author come to understand on her first day working on the farm? A. She couldn’t manage so much work. B. Her parents sacrificed a lot for her family. C. The tasks were dull and challenging. D. The work was more demanding than expected. 5. What motivated the author to pursue further education? A. Lack of opportunities on the farm. B. A passion for academic study. C. Her dissatisfaction with farm life. D. Encouragement from her parents. 6. How does the author feel about her life now? A. Mixed. B. Regretful. C. Content. D. Relieved. 7. What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph? A. She has become tired of her daily routine. B. She misses the connections she had before. C. She regrets leaving her family behind. D. She has lost interest in the beauty of nature. C Of the 8,300 million tons of virgin (原始的) plastic produced up to the end of 2015, 6,300 million tons have been discarded (丢弃). Most of that plastic waste is still with us, buried in landfills or polluting the environment. Microplastics have been found in Antarctic sea ice, in the guts of animals that live in the deepest ocean trenches and in drinking water around the world. But what if we could wave a magic wand and remove all plastics from our lives? For the sake of the planet, it would be a tempting prospect — but we’d quickly find out just how far plastic has spread to every aspect of our existence. In hospitals, the loss of plastic would be devastating. “Imagine trying to run a dialysis (透析) unit with no plastic”, says Sharon George, senior lecturer in environmental sustainability and green technology at Keele University in the UK. Plastic is used in gloves, tubing, blood bags, sample tubes and more. Some everyday plastic items are also vital for protecting health. Face masks, including plastic-based surgical masks and respirators (人工呼吸器), as well as reusable cloth masks, have helped slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus. “A mask that you have for COVID is related to our safety and the safety of others,” says George. “The impact of taking that away could be loss of life if you took it away on a big scale.” Our food system would also quickly come apart. We use packaging to protect food from damage in transit and preserve it long enough to reach supermarket shelves, as well as for communication and marketing. “I cannot imagine how plastic would be replaced completely in our system,” says Eleni Iacovidou, a lecturer in environmental management at Brunel University London. Swapping out plastic packaging would have knock-on (产生连锁反应的) environmental effects. While glass has some advantages over plastic, such as being endlessly recyclable, a one-liter glass bottle can weigh as much as 800 g compared to a 40 g plastic one. When those heavier bottles and jars need to be transported over long distances, carbon emissions grow even more. It’s clear that replacing one material with another won’t solve all our plastic problems. 8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To give a definition. B. To report on a study. C. To introduce a topic. D. To describe a phenomenon. 9. What does the underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Interesting. B. Practical. C. Predictable. D. Destructive. 10. What is Eleni Iacovidou’s attitude toward removing plastic totally in food system? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Optimistic. D. Uninterested. 11. Which would be the best title for the text? A. What if we stopped using plastic? B. Is plastic packaging bad for the environment? C. More recycling won’t solve plastic pollution D. Swapping out plastic for sustainable living D Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earth-quakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earth-quake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 12. How does the AI forecast earthquakes? A. By identifying data from the satellites. B. By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. C. By modeling data based on earthquake recordings. D. By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. 13. What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph 3? A. The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B. The importance of preparing for earthquakes. C The significance of developing the AI prediction. D. The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction. 14. What will the follow-up research focus on? A. Conducting tests in different locations. B. Applying the AI approach to other fields. C. Building more earthquake stations in Texas. D Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy. 15. Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A. Stable but outdated. B. Effective but costly. C. Potential and economical. D. Pioneering and promising. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary. ____16____. Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. ·Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne. ____17____. ·Sweating makes you happy. When you’re hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. ____18____. In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. ·____19____ When sitting in a sauna (桑拿浴室), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. And you’ll be better off for it. A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths. ·____20____ If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A PLOSONE study supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands, resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. Sweating supports your heart B. Sweating a lot means that you’re fit C. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises D. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel happier too E Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent F. So, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating G. It’s a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get ____21____ advice from kids during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour. Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, ____22____ her students just might have the magic words needed to bring ____23____ to people in these difficult times. “To hear the pure ____24____ from kids is extremely comforting,” she says. The project was called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first.. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and ____25____ it “PepToc”, they ____26____ they liked that even better. The hotline is ____27____ in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of ____28____ of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can ____29____ a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying! Don’t give up!” Pressing 4 _____30_____ the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a _____31_____ to anyone’s face. Pressing 1 _____32_____ ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or _____33_____ ” Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. Pressing2 results in “words of _____34_____ and life advice”. This includes messages like “The _____35_____ is a better place with you in it.” 21. A. reasonable B. rare C. mysterious D. cheerful 22. A. thought B. complained C. declared D. insisted 23. A. wealth B. attention C. calm D. luck 24. A. comment B. joy C. praise D. mind 25. A. pronounced B. typed C. spelled D. drew 26. A. decided B. learned C. changed D. assumed 27. A. spoken B. memorable C. popular D. available 28. A. callers B. children C. artists D. operators 29. A. witness B. suggest C. catch D. hear 30. A. generates B. records C. analyzes D. breaks 31. A. mark B. wrinkle C. smile D. tear 32. A. brings up B. laughs at C. gives away D. turn to 33. A. distracted B. content C. peaceful D. nervous 34. A. management B. encouragement C. judgement D. argument 35. A. hotline B. world C. school D. street 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What comes to mind when you think of Chinese kung fu? For Laurence J. Brahm, a US filmmaker who recently completed his ____36____ (late)work Searching for Kung Fu, the first thing that springs to mind is the concept of non-violence. The official Chinese name for kung fu is wushu. As Brahm explained, if you break down the character “wu”, it ____37____ (consist) of two character: one is “ge”, meaning dagger-axe (戈); the other is “zhi”, meaning stopping. So, the meaning of kung fu is not the “art of fighting”. ____38____ the contrary, he said, kung fu is the art of stopping fighting, the art of non-violence. In making his film, Brahm looked into different forms of kung fu widely ____39____ (practice) in China, interviewing many masters and scholars. “Kung fu practitioners salute with ‘baoquan’, literally meaning ‘fist wrapping’, ____40____ shows two things at least. One is that you have a fist, but you're not using it. And then you’re showing ‘I have no hidden weapons’. It’s trust,” he said. “Kung fu masters will avoid ____41____ (fight) at all costs. Although you know how to use force, you are the last one ____42____ (use) force, because you know the outcome of this thing.” “Kung fu, in ____43____ (I) eyes, is a mirror of Chinese culture,” Brahm said. “It reminds you why China adopts a policy of not wanting to have conflict with other countries.” Brahm believes that today’s world ____44____ (urgent) needs to restart equal exchanges between countries, ____45____ that culture and sports, such as kung fu, can serve as a great channel and platform. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack来信说他在学汉语的过程中感到气馁，希望你就如何学好汉语给他提供一些建议。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1．给与鼓励；2．提供建议；3．表达祝愿。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was a boy, I always wore turtleneck shirts because I was so sensitive and shy. I worked hard to earn exceptional marks and always tried to behave well. I was younger than everyone else because my good marks had allowed me to skip second grade, but this added nothing to my already low self-confidence. When I was 14, my parents divorced (离婚). I moved in with my dad in a new neighborhood, but he was always so busy and had little time for me. It seemed the only time he ever spoke to me was to be demanding or critical. I began to hate coming home from school every day. I sank further into my low self-esteem (自尊心) and was overwhelmed with feeling unappreciated and alone. One day, my aunt called. This seemed like a miracle (奇迹) to me. Aunt Ginette usually only called once a year, on my birthday. She said she had just seen some young teenagers participate in a public speaking contest, and she thought I should try it, too. She told me she firmly believed I could perform on stage like the other kids since she had seen me do skits (幽默小品) for the family at Christmas. I was a little surprised. Me? Onstage? In a public speaking contest? I was hesitant. But Aunt Ginette was so confident and seemed really serious. Feeling her strong belief, I went against all odds and agreed to enter the contest. All that winter, twice a week after dinner, I took three different buses for the three-hour round-trip to practice in Ville d’Anjou, where the competition would take place. Although my dad really did love me and wanted the best for me, he disapproved of this new dream, fearing it would take away from my homework time and impact my academic performance. But I remained a top performer in school and never missed a day. 注意: 1.续写词数应为 150 左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卷相应位置作答。 Four months later, the big night arrived. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I saw my father’s face, his eyes were shining－he was so proud. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$