精品解析：2024届河南省南阳市社旗县第一高级中学高三下学期三模英语试题

2023-2024学年高三下学期三模试题 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 20 分） 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. He cannot help. B. He has lost his way. C. He is not interested. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do in the afternoon? A. Visit a customer. B. Go to the airport. C. Eat in a restaurant. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What time of day is it now? A. Morning. B. Afternoon. C. Evening. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man going to do? A. Check in. B. Take a rest. C. Have a meal. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman need to buy? A. A box. B. A desk. C. A TV. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the weather like now? A Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 7. What will the speakers do this afternoon? A. Watch movies. B. Play cards. C. Play badminton. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Roommates. C. Neighbors. 9. What will the woman probably do next? A. Find a street map. B. Run to catch a bus. C. Walk to the market. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How much did disabled travelers spend in the US in 2018? A. About $45.8 billion. B. About $58.7 billion. C. About $81 billion. 11. What is the best thing about Singapore in Nilesh Joshi’s opinion? A. It enables the disabled to live with dignity. B. It offers the disabled accessible public transport. C. Its tourist attractions are free for the disabled. 12. What do we know about John Morris? A He spoke highly of the hotel rooms in Las Vegas. B. He buys magazines 3 or 4 times a week. C. He once lived in Sydney. 13. Where is Julie Jones employed? A. At a hotel. B. In a travel agency. C. In a publishing company. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What did the man do? A. A bank clerk. B. A store owner. C. A school teacher. 15. What is the man’s business now? A. Caring for kids. B. Designing clothes. C. Selling toys. 16. Why won’t the woman work for the man? A. She has already had a good job. B. She doesn’t have much experience. C. She doesn’t like dealing with people. 17. What will the man do this weekend? A. Talk to the woman’s sister. B. Go to Julia’s place. C. Work at his store. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What is the room like? A. Big but old. B. Big and new. C. Small but new. 19. What will be arranged first? A. The chairs. B. The bed. C. The dressing table. 20. Where will the chairs be put? A. Close to the window. B. In front of the fireplace. C. Behind the dressing table. 第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The 2024 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreigners across the Globe—Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been officially announced. This competition invites painting, calligraphy, and Chinese language enthusiasts from all around the world to take part in this exciting event. Participants are encouraged to submit their creative themes for the contest, with the theme selection process being determined through public nominations. If you’re interested, feel free to submit the theme that you believe fits best with the requirements of the competition. Here are the requirements: Who Can Apply The call for creative themes for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge is open to any Chinese language enthusiasts worldwide, with no limit to age or nationality. Submission Dates Submissions will be accepted from June 15, 2024, to 12:00 PM on June 30, 2024(Beijing Time.) Announcement Date The selected theme for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge will be announced on July 1, 2024, which also marks the official start date of the submission period for works under the selected theme. Submission Methods Participants can send their theme and related information to chinesebridge@chineseplus.net. “Chinese Bridge” also accepts direct messages on its official account on Facebook, Instagram, WeChat, and Weibo. 21. Who can be invited to the competition? A. Tom who is crazy about Spanish. B. Sandy who is creative in writing. C. Lucy whose nationality is Chinese. D. Bill who loves Chinese and calligraphy. 22. On which of the following dates can the participants submit their works? A. June 12, 2024. B. July 1, 2024. C. June 20, 2024. D. July 15, 2024. 23. What is the purpose of the text? A. To build a competition organization. B. To provide information about a competition. C. To announce the opening of a competition. D. To collect creative themes for a competition. B On June 6th Columbia University announced that it will no longer cooperate with US News World Report’s undergraduate rankings. It is the first top institution to do so. Might its departure be the start of a mass departure? Columbia’s decision follows a ranking scandal (丑闻) last year. In February 2022, one of Columbia’s own maths professors accused the college of having used “outdated and/or incorrect data” in several areas. In the 1980s, potential students started to expand their college search beyond their local area, and it was hard to learn about universities and compare them. Hence, US News began ranking America’s top universities in 1983, and has released its findings annually since 1988. Universities have put in significant effort to move up in the ratings. Richard Freeland, Northeastern University’s former president, capped class sizes to enhance student engagement and guarantee class quality. Consequently, it moved from 127th in 2003 to 44th this year. The ranking system used to seem unstoppable. Universities have tried to get rid of it before, only to find that doing so can backfire badly. US News still ranks non-participating universities, using publicly available information, and the data often do not go in their favour. Columbia did not submit data for this year’s analysis, and its ranking fell from second in 2021-22 to 18th in 2022-23. Recently the mood has begun to change, however, especially among graduate schools. In 2022, of the 15 highest-ranked law schools, only the University of Chicago submitted data. In May US News announced changes to its ranking methodology. It is moving away from metrics (度量标准) that rely on reputation and towards student outcomes. One way or another, the rankings-and universities more broadly-are in a state of constant change. 24. What is true about the US News undergraduate rankings? A. It faked the information for the ratings. B. It filled an information gap in the past. C. It promoted the quality of higher education. D. It’s been released every year for 40 years. 25. What does the underlined word “capped” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Limited. B. Maintained. C. Increased. D. Doubled. 26. What will happen to a university if it does not cooperate with US News? A. Its information will be removed. B. It will be excluded from the list forever. C. Its ranking will probably suffer consequently. D. It will certainly be charged with using incorrect data. 27. US News undergraduate rankings may focus more on ______________________in the future. A. the changing mood of universities B. the instant fame of universities C. achievements of university graduates D. scores given by former students C Self-driving cars may sound like something from a futuristic sci-fi novel. However, with advanced trials expected from 2021, they are a lot closer to reality than you may think, and they could really help you. Connected and automated vehicles (also known as CAVs), are vehicles that could perform many of the functions of today’s human drivers in the future. Aware of the potential benefits of the technology from improving road safety and reducing traffic congestion (拥塞), to enabling greater travel independence — the U.K. government has been encouraging the technology. “However, we won’t get there unless those designing the technology engage properly with a wide range of transport users,” said lain Forbes, head of the Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles. FLOURISH, one initiative that received government backing, has helped to advance the successful implementation of CAVs in the U.K. by developing services and capabilities which maxi-mise the benefits of driverless vehicles for users and transport authorities. The project was a collaboration between small and medium companies and large businesses across multiple industries, universities, local authorities and the not-for-profit sector, to investigate how these vehicles might benefit older adults and those with mobility-related conditions. Mervyn Kohler, an Age U.K. spokesman, believes FLOURISH’s approach will be key to the positive impact self-driving cars have on older adults. “The project’s connectivity findings will also help the users of the future to make real-time journey decisions, responding to live information,” Tracey Poole, FLOURISH’s project manager and transport planning specialist says: “Not only will these vehicles be more inclusive; they will also be safer, more efficient and more environmentally friendly.” Although safety is one of the big prizes associated with the introduction of self-driving cars, with the vast majority of collisions caused by human error, concerns about their safety are common. The government is keen to understand the public’s view on CAVs and continues to survey public attitudes. It is also taking big steps towards establishing how our laws and regulations might need to change to support the safe use of self-driving cars. 28. What is the advantage of self-driving cars? A. They guarantee road safety. B. They remove traffic jams. C. They provide more freedom of traveling. D. They get over the elder’s dependence on drivers. 29. What does the underlined word “prizes” in paragraph 7 refer to? A. Awards. B. Achievements. C. Realization. D. Characteristics. 30. What can we infer about self-driving cars? A. Collisions between self-driving cars can’t be avoided. B. Self-driving cars are more eco-friendly than today's cars. C. There is still a way to go before self-driving cars hit the road. D People are not worried about the safety problems of self-driving cars. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. CAVs: a substitute for today’s human driver B. How do CAVs help people less able to travel? C. FLOURISH: a new project on self-driving cars D. Could self-driving cars soon be a reality? D Imagine you need milk, so you go to the grocery store to pick some up, only to find there are dozens of options. These days, you have to make a decision on not only the percentage of fat you want, but also what source you want your milk to be coming from: cows, soybeans... You have no idea what milk to pick. There are so many choices that you are confused. This phenomenon is known as the paradox (悖论) of choice and it is becoming a concern in the modern world, where more and more options are becoming easily available to us. While we might believe that being presented with multiple options actually makes it easier to choose one that we are happy with, and thus increases consumer satisfaction, having too many options actually requires more effort to make a decision and can leave us feeling unsatisfied with our choice. The idea was popularized by American psychologist Barry Schwartz when he published his book, The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less. Schwartz, who has long studied the ways in which economics and psychology intersect (交叉), became interested in seeing the way that choices were affecting the happiness of citizens in Western societies. He identified that the range of choices that we have available to us these days is far greater than that people had in the past; however, consumer satisfaction has not increased as much as traditional economics theories might expect. Schwartz identified that the paradox of choice carries the most consequence for people that are maximizers. Maximizers, unlike satisficers, are concerned with making the best choice instead of simply making a choice that they are happy with. When there are many options available to maximizers, it becomes harder for them to determine which is the best, which can cause them to feel a great deal of regret after they have made a choice. Instead of believing that freedom of choice is unlimited, Schwartz advocates that the role of psychology and behavioral economics should be to find the kind of limitations on freedom that can lead to the greatest level of happiness within society. 32 What’s the author’s purpose in mentioning buying milk in paragraph 1? A. To lead in the topic. B. To draw a conclusion. C. To show that we have more choices when shopping. D. To indicate that people pay greater attention to health when shopping. 33. What does the paradox of choice suggest? A. More options mean less satisfaction. B. Consumer satisfaction has greatly increased. C. People are happy with more choices. D. Modern people are happier than their ancestors. 34. What can be learned about satisficers? A. They aim for the very best. B. They tend to follow their feelings. C. They often regret their decisions. D. They have trouble making a decision. 35. What does Schwartz suggest people do? A. Hold on to their beliefs. B. Accept their own behavior. C. Give up freedom. D. Limit their own choices. 第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world ruled by hard exercise and complex fitness programs, the simple act of walking is often ignored(忽略). ___36___ It offers physical and mental benefits that lead to total happiness. Heart Health and Weight Management Walking is light heart exercise that helps improve heart health by increasing blood circulation(循环). ___37___ Besides, regular quick walking supports in weight management by burning calories and improving digestion(消化), making it an excellent choice for those looking to throw away pounds or keep a healthy weight. Pressure Drop and Clear Mind Taking a relaxing walk or quick walk has been shown to give off endorphins, the body’s natural ”feel-good” materials. This leads to lower pressure levels, improved feelings, and improved mental health. Walking outdoors in nature or in a peaceful environment can provide a refreshing escape from the daily tasks. ___38___ Joint(关节)Health and Free Movement Unlike active sports, walking is soft on the joints, making it a perfect choice for people of all ages and fitness levels. ___39___ At the same time, it also raises the ability to move freely and easily. Walking regularly can be particularly beneficial to those recovering from pain or looking to prevent problems with joints. Social Communication and Connection ___40___ Walking clubs, group climbs, or even simple walking with a friend or family member can provide an opportunity to connect, share experiences, and create lasting memories while at the same time bringing the physical benefits. A. It helps oil joints and make them stronger. B It’s a cheap way to lead a healthier lifestyle. C. So taking a walk can make your mind relaxed and fresh. D. A quick walk after meals has been shown to benefit the stomach. E. It cuts down the risk of heart disease and brings down blood pressure. F. Walking is useful exercise that can easily be turned into a social activity. G. However, walking remains one of the easiest and most useful forms of exercise. 第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building. As a crane (吊车) ___41___ working on a construction site, Edwards ___42___ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ___43___ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowerin a cage to him to let him ___44___. However, his attempt to ___45___ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ___46___ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ___47___ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ___48___ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ___49___ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the ___50___. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage. Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ___51___ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ___52___ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ___53___ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong ___54___ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster. A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him —— with organizers ___55___ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts. 41. A. engineer B. operator C. cleaner D. salesman 42. A. regularly B. unfortunately C. intentionally D. unexpectedly 43. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided 44. A. escape B. hide C. walk D. slide 45. A. clean B. cover C. position D. open 46. A. Despite B. Without C. For D. From 47. A. switch B. maintain C. lose D. give 48. A. instructions B. problems C. explanations D. courses 49. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated 50. A. door B. garden C. crane D. roof 51. A. persuading B. lifting C. warning D. dragging 52. A. went through B. put on C. asked for D. broke into 53. A. displayed B. admitted C. exchanged D. required 54. A. preference B. response C. emotion D. determination 55. A. choosing B. encouraging C. ordering D. teaching 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched a three-member crew to its orbiting space station on Thursday as part of its ____56____ (ambition) program that aims to put astronauts on the moon by 2030. The mission ____57____ (lead) by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was ____58____ (previous) part of the Shenzhou-13 crew in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu,____59____ are heading into space for the first time. ____60____ three will spend about six months on the space station. They ____61____ (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection ____62____ (equip) on the station, carry out payload experiments, and popularize science education, among other things, according to Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA. Lin also said China was working toward eventually offering access ____63____ its space station to foreign astronauts and space tourists. The country is planning a mission ____64____ (bring) back samples from Mars around 2030 and three lunar probe missions over the next four years. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030. China conducted its first crewed space mission in 2003,_____65_____ (become) the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U. S. to put a person into space using its own resources. 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 2023年12月22日，联合国通过决议，将春节确定为联合国假日，避免在当天安排会议。你校将以“Chinese New Year listed as a UN floating holiday”为主题举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： (1)说明该举措的意义； (2)发表对此事的感想。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：floating holiday 浮动假期 resolution 决议 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Summer vacation was finally coming, and Rose couldn’t wait to have a trip with her parents. She recalled the joyful experiences they shared last summer, which filled her with excitement for the upcoming holiday. “Girls!” Rose heard her father calling. She raced to her big sister’s room, telling her that Dad was calling them, and they rushed downstairs log either. Dad put his arm around Mom and told them that they were going on a trip to the Virunga Mountains of Africa. There were three national parks that they would visit. Rose and Gina looked at each other. “What?” they said with one voice. Mom told them it would be really exciting to go there on a trip. At 12 years old, Rose would prefer going to an amusement park or a beach. She thought it important to let her parents know she didn’t want to go there but to the beach for a week or two. “Well,” said Dad, “I have to go for an assignment for the paper. We’re covering the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) because they’re critically endangered these years. So, I thought it’d also be a great place to take a vacation. I’m sure it’ll be very educational for you girls.” Gina let out a sigh, unable to contain her disappointment. She wanted to say something but Mom interrupted and announced that the trip was set on the next Monday. “Sit down, both of you.” Dad had on his severe look. “Girls, it’s important for you to know about the world around you. This is a wonderful chance for you to experience and learn an amazing place. Do you know anything about the mountain gorillas?” The sisters shook their heads. “Well, get your laptop computer, Gina. I want you to look them up right now,” said Dad, “Rose, there is a book on the bookshelf about the cute mountain gorillas. Find it and read it.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The girls dragged their feet upstairs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Monday came and the family set out excitedly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2023-2024学年高三下学期三模试题 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 20 分） 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. He cannot help. B. He has lost his way. C. He is not interested. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, could you show me the way to the cinema please? W: Sorry, but I’m a stranger here myself. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do in the afternoon? A. Visit a customer. B. Go to the airport. C. Eat in a restaurant. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Mary, I’m sorry I can’t pick you up at the airport this afternoon. I have to visit an important customer. W: That’s OK. I can go home by taxi. M: Thank you, dear. I’ll be home early and let’s eat out tonight. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What time of day is it now? A. Morning. B. Afternoon. C. Evening. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: I’ve been up early in the morning. I’m getting a bit tired now. W: We still have a lot of work to do. Do you want some coffee now? M: I would. But if I drink coffee around this time in the afternoon, I can’t sleep at night. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man going to do? A. Check in. B. Take a rest. C. Have a meal. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Mr. Shaw, welcome back to the Orion Hotel. The restaurant’s just opened for dinner service. Shall I arrange a table for you? M: No, thanks. I’ll just take my room key. It’s been a really long day! W: Certainly. Call me if you want any drinks. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman need to buy? A. A box. B. A desk. C. A TV. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Wow, this is great for a university room! You own a bathroom and a TV...but where do you put your books? Do we need to buy you a box? W: No, there’s space for them behind the sofa. All I really need to buy now is a desk. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 7. What will the speakers do this afternoon? A. Watch movies. B. Play cards. C. Play badminton. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】M: These TV series are rather boring today. Ella, would you like to play badminton with me? W: Sorry. It’s burning hot outside and without a breath of wind. I just want to stay at home playing Internet games. M: Playing games hurts your eyes. What shall we do this afternoon? How about playing cards? W: OK. I love playing cards. What will we have for lunch? M: I have already ordered a Pizza by phone. Do you want to have something else? W: Pizza is great for me and I would like a salad and an ice-cream please, oh, some snacks too. M: That’s great. We can enjoy these while watching movies this evening. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Roommates. C. Neighbors. 9 What will the woman probably do next? A. Find a street map. B. Run to catch a bus. C. Walk to the market. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, I’m lost. How do I get to the market? M: You’re a bit far from there. I hope you are not in a hurry. W: No, I just need to buy some food. Which way should I go? M: Go straight the following blocks, then turn left and walk about two blocks. The market is on the right side of the street. You can take a bus at the next cross roads. W: How long does it take if I walk there? M: Around thirty minutes. W: That’s not far away. Thank you. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How much did disabled travelers spend in the US in 2018? A. About $45.8 billion. B. About $58.7 billion. C. About $81 billion. 11. What is the best thing about Singapore in Nilesh Joshi’s opinion? A. It enables the disabled to live with dignity. B. It offers the disabled accessible public transport. C. Its tourist attractions are free for the disabled. 12. What do we know about John Morris? A. He spoke highly of the hotel rooms in Las Vegas. B. He buys magazines 3 or 4 times a week. C. He once lived in Sydney. 13. Where is Julie Jones employed? A. At a hotel. B. In a travel agency. C. In a publishing company. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. A 13. C 【解析】 【原文】What do disabled travelers look for when choosing a city to visit? In 2018, the value of the so­ called “purple pound” (the spending power of disabled people) to UK tourism was estimated at ￡15.3 billion, while 27 million travelers with disabilities in the US took 81 million trips and spent about $58.7 billion (￡45.8 billion) in that same year. There was a survey about a city’s appeal to disabled travelers. Now, let’s find out what the respondents think of the top 3 cities—Singapore, Las Vegas and Sydney. According to Nilesh Joshi, who has mobility challenges but doesn’t use a wheelchair, “Singapore allows me to independently move around using public transport.” Overwhelmingly, however, the most important factor for survey respondents was not physical accessibility but being treated with understanding and respect. Joshi said, “Always smiling, welcoming and helpful, the people of Singapore make a big difference for the disabled to feel accepted and looked after.” Besides, one of Singapore’s major tourist attractions, Gardens by the Bay, is fully wheelchair ­accessible. According to prominent wheelchair blogger John Morris, who visits Las Vegas 3 or 4 times a year, “The city has one of the highest concentrations of accessible hotel rooms in the world.” Julie Jones, publisher of Travel Without Limits, the world’s only print magazine dedicated to accessible travel, praises Sydney’s accessibility. She said, “The majority of the public transport system is accessible to wheelchair users.” 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What did the man do? A. A bank clerk. B. A store owner. C. A school teacher. 15. What is the man’s business now? A. Caring for kids. B. Designing clothes. C. Selling toys. 16. Why won’t the woman work for the man? A. She has already had a good job. B. She doesn’t have much experience. C. She doesn’t like dealing with people. 17. What will the man do this weekend? A. Talk to the woman’s sister. B. Go to Julia’s place. C. Work at his store. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Jason. It’s Alice. I haven’t heard from you in a while. M: Hi, Alice. I’ve been busy with my work. W: You work at a bank, right? M: No, I no longer work at the bank. I’ve started my own company. W: Congratulations. What kind of business is it? M: We sell various kinds of toys. We also have an online store. W: Are you looking for more people to work for you? M: Would you like to join us? W: I’d like to, but I can’t. I just got a new job last month at a school. I really like working with the little kids. My younger sister Julia is looking for work. She worked for three years as a clothes designer at a fashion store. She has a lot of experience in dealing with people. M: Then I’d love to talk with her sometimes. Could you give me her phone number? W: Sure, though why not just come to my place this weekend? My sister will be there. M: OK. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What is the room like? A. Big but old. B. Big and new. C. Small but new. 19. What will be arranged first? A. The chairs. B. The bed. C. The dressing table. 20. Where will the chairs be put? A. Close to the window. B. In front of the fireplace. C. Behind the dressing table. 【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【详解】W: We have got our own home. It must be wonderful to live by ourselves. M: I have been looking forward to it since we got married. W: Here I have a dressing table of my own. M: Oh, the room is so small. I thought it would be a lot bigger. W: So did I. After all, it’s a new one. It’s our own house. That’s what really matters. Is that right? Let’s put the chairs in front of the fireplace. M: Um, but we should first consider where to put the bed. It is the biggest piece of furniture. W: Well, let’s put it over there. And the chairs near the window. M: All right. Then you can draw and I can read by the window. 第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The 2024 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreigners across the Globe—Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been officially announced. This competition invites painting, calligraphy, and Chinese language enthusiasts from all around the world to take part in this exciting event. Participants are encouraged to submit their creative themes for the contest, with the theme selection process being determined through public nominations. If you’re interested, feel free to submit the theme that you believe fits best with the requirements of the competition. Here are the requirements: Who Can Apply The call for creative themes for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge is open to any Chinese language enthusiasts worldwide, with no limit to age or nationality. Submission Dates Submissions will be accepted from June 15, 2024, to 12:00 PM on June 30, 2024(Beijing Time.) Announcement Date The selected theme for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge will be announced on July 1 2024, which also marks the official start date of the submission period for works under the selected theme. Submission Methods Participants can send their theme and related information to chinesebridge@chineseplus.net. “Chinese Bridge” also accepts direct messages on its official account on Facebook, Instagram, WeChat, and Weibo. 21. Who can be invited to the competition? A. Tom who is crazy about Spanish. B. Sandy who is creative in writing. C. Lucy whose nationality is Chinese. D. Bill who loves Chinese and calligraphy. 22. On which of the following dates can the participants submit their works? A. June 12, 2024. B. July 1, 2024. C. June 20, 2024. D. July 15, 2024. 23. What is the purpose of the text? A. To build a competition organization. B. To provide information about a competition. C. To announce the opening of a competition. D. To collect creative themes for a competition. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是2024年的“汉语桥”全球外国人汉语能力大赛活动的情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Who Can Apply部分中“The call for creative themes for the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge is open to any Chinese language enthusiasts worldwide, with no limit to age or nationality.(本次书画挑战赛面向世界各地的汉语爱好者征集创作主题，不限年龄和国籍。)”可知，本次活动面向世界各地的汉语爱好者征集创作主题，不限年龄和国籍。D选项“Bill who loves Chinese and calligraphy.(喜欢中文和书法的Bill)”符合参赛的要求。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Submission Dates部分中“Submissions will be accepted from June 15, 2024, to 12:00 PM on June 30, 2024(Beijing Time.)(报名时间为2024年6月15日至2024年6月30日12:00(北京时间)。)”可知，报名时间为2024年6月15日至2024年6月30日12:00(北京时间)，C选项2024年6月20日在报名时间之内，符合要求。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The 2024 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreigners across the Globe—Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been officially announced.( 2024年“汉语桥”世界外国人汉语比赛-书画挑战赛正式揭晓。)”以及第四段“If you’re interested, feel free to submit the theme that you believe fits best with the requirements of the competition.(如果你感兴趣，请随意提交你认为最符合竞赛要求的主题。)”可知，文章的目的是提供有关于“汉语桥”比赛的相关信息。故选B。 B On June 6th Columbia University announced that it will no longer cooperate with US News World Report’s undergraduate rankings. It is the first top institution to do so. Might its departure be the start of a mass departure? Columbia’s decision follows a ranking scandal (丑闻) last year. In February 2022, one of Columbia’s own maths professors accused the college of having used “outdated and/or incorrect data” in several areas. In the 1980s, potential students started to expand their college search beyond their local area, and it was hard to learn about universities and compare them. Hence, US News began ranking America’s top universities in 1983, and has released its findings annually since 1988. Universities have put in significant effort to move up in the ratings. Richard Freeland, Northeastern University’s former president, capped class sizes to enhance student engagement and guarantee class quality. Consequently, it moved from 127th in 2003 to 44th this year. The ranking system used to seem unstoppable. Universities have tried to get rid of it before, only to find that doing so can backfire badly. US News still ranks non-participating universities, using publicly available information, and the data often do not go in their favour. Columbia did not submit data for this year’s analysis, and its ranking fell from second in 2021-22 to 18th in 2022-23. Recently the mood has begun to change, however, especially among graduate schools. In 2022, of the 15 highest-ranked law schools, only the University of Chicago submitted data. In May US News announced changes to its ranking methodology. It is moving away from metrics (度量标准) that rely on reputation and towards student outcomes. One way or another, the rankings-and universities more broadly-are in a state of constant change. 24. What is true about the US News undergraduate rankings? A. It faked the information for the ratings. B. It filled an information gap in the past. C. It promoted the quality of higher education. D It’s been released every year for 40 years. 25. What does the underlined word “capped” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Limited. B. Maintained. C. Increased. D. Doubled. 26. What will happen to a university if it does not cooperate with US News? A. Its information will be removed. B. It will be excluded from the list forever. C. Its ranking will probably suffer consequently. D. It will certainly be charged with using incorrect data. 27. US News undergraduate rankings may focus more on ______________________in the future. A. the changing mood of universities B. the instant fame of universities C. achievements of university graduates D. scores given by former students 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的主要内容是：哥伦比亚大学退出美国大学排名，更多的学校会效仿吗？文章对此现象进行说明和阐述。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the 1980s, potential students started to expand their college search beyond their local area, and it was hard to learn about universities and compare them. Hence, US News began ranking America’s top universities in 1983, and has released its findings annually since 1988.(在20世纪80年代，潜在的学生开始将他们的大学搜索范围扩大到当地以外，很难了解大学并进行比较。因此，《美国新闻与世界报道》从1983年开始对美国顶尖大学进行排名，并从1988年开始每年发布一次排名结果)”可知，在20世纪80年代，《美国新闻与世界报道》开始提供美国大学排名，让毕业生了解到他们居住地以外的大学的情况，填补了过去的信息空白。故选B。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Universities have put in significant effort to move up in the ratings.(大学为提高排名付出了巨大的努力)”以及划线词后面的内容“…class sizes to enhance student engagement and guarantee class quality.(……班级规模，提高学生参与度，保证课堂质量)”以及后文“Consequently, it moved from 127th in 2003 to 44th this year.( 因此，从2003年的127位上升到今年的44位)”可知，为了提升大学排名，Richard Freeland前东北大学校长作出了限制班级规模的应对措施，因此东北大学从2003年的127位上升到今年的44位。故划线词与A选项“Limited(限制)”为同义词。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Universities have tried to get rid of it before, only to find that doing so can backfire badly. US News still ranks non-participating universities, using publicly available information, and the data often do not go in their favour. Columbia did not submit data for this year’s analysis, and its ranking fell from second in 2021-22 to 18th in 2022-23.(大学以前也曾试图摆脱它，结果发现这样做可能会适得其反。《美国新闻与世界报道》仍然使用公开信息对未参与排名的大学进行排名，而数据往往不利于这些大学。哥伦比亚大学没有提交今年分析的数据，其排名从2021-22年度的第二名降至2022-23年度的第18名)”可知，大学不与美国新闻与世界报道》合作，《美国新闻与世界报道》仍然使用公开信息对未参与排名的大学进行排名，而数据往往不利于这些大学。由此推知，如果一所大学不与《美国新闻与世界报道》合作，它的排名可能会因此受到影响。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It is moving away from metrics (度量标准) that rely on reputation and towards student outcomes. (它正在从依赖声誉的指标转向学生的成绩)”可知，未来，《美国新闻与世界报道》的本科排名可能会更多地关注大学毕业生的成就。故选C。 C Self-driving cars may sound like something from a futuristic sci-fi novel. However, with advanced trials expected from 2021, they are a lot closer to reality than you may think, and they could really help you. Connected and automated vehicles (also known as CAVs), are vehicles that could perform many of the functions of today’s human drivers in the future. Aware of the potential benefits of the technology from improving road safety and reducing traffic congestion (拥塞), to enabling greater travel independence — the U.K. government has been encouraging the technology. “However, we won’t get there unless those designing the technology engage properly with a wide range of transport users,” said lain Forbes, head of the Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles. FLOURISH, one initiative that received government backing, has helped to advance the successful implementation of CAVs in the U.K. by developing services and capabilities which maxi-mise the benefits of driverless vehicles for users and transport authorities. The project was a collaboration between small and medium companies and large businesses across multiple industries, universities, local authorities and the not-for-profit sector, to investigate how these vehicles might benefit older adults and those with mobility-related conditions. Mervyn Kohler, an Age U.K. spokesman, believes FLOURISH’s approach will be key to the positive impact self-driving cars have on older adults. “The project’s connectivity findings will also help the users of the future to make real-time journey decisions, responding to live information,” Tracey Poole, FLOURISH’s project manager and transport planning specialist says: “Not only will these vehicles be more inclusive; they will also be safer, more efficient and more environmentally friendly.” Although safety is one of the big prizes associated with the introduction of self-driving cars, with the vast majority of collisions caused by human error, concerns about their safety are common. The government is keen to understand the public’s view on CAVs and continues to survey public attitudes. It is also taking big steps towards establishing how our laws and regulations might need to change to support the safe use of self-driving cars. 28. What is the advantage of self-driving cars? A. They guarantee road safety. B. They remove traffic jams. C. They provide more freedom of traveling. D. They get over the elder’s dependence on drivers. 29 What does the underlined word “prizes” in paragraph 7 refer to? A. Awards. B. Achievements. C. Realization. D. Characteristics. 30. What can we infer about self-driving cars? A. Collisions between self-driving cars can’t be avoided. B. Self-driving cars are more eco-friendly than today's cars. C. There is still a way to go before self-driving cars hit the road. D. People are not worried about the safety problems of self-driving cars. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. CAVs: a substitute for today’s human driver B. How do CAVs help people less able to travel? C. FLOURISH: a new project on self-driving cars D. Could self-driving cars soon be a reality? 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车给人们带来的好处、各个领域在技术等方面的合作以及政府将发布相关法律规范无人驾驶汽车的使用。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Aware of the potential benefits of the technology from improving road safety and reducing traffic congestion (拥塞), to enabling greater travel independence-the U. K. government has been encouraging the technology. (英国政府意识到这项技术的潜在好处，从改善道路安全、减少交通拥塞到提高出行独立性，一直在鼓励这项技术。)”可知，无人驾驶汽车可以改善道路安全。故选A项。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第七段“Although safety is one of the big prizes associated with the introduction of self-driving cars, with the vast majority of collisions caused by human error, concerns about their safety are common. (尽管安全是自动驾驶汽车引入的大prizes，但绝大多数碰撞都是由人为失误引起的，人们对其安全性的担忧是普遍存在的。)”以及常识可知，安全是随着无人驾驶汽车的引入而到来的最大的成就，推测划线词汇表示“成就”，与achievements意义相近。故选B项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The government is keen to understand the public’s view on CAVs and continues to survey public attitudes. It is also taking big steps towards establishing how our laws and regulations might need to change to support the safe use of self-driving cars. (政府热衷于了解公众对CAV的看法，并继续调查公众的态度。它还采取了重大步骤，以确定我们的法律法规可能需要如何改变，以支持自动驾驶汽车的安全使用。)”可知，政府还需建立一套法律法规，以规范无人驾驶汽车的安全使用，即距离自动驾驶汽车上路还有一段路要走。故选C项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Self-driving cars may sound like something from a futuristic sci-fi novel. However, with advanced trials expected from 2021, they are a lot closer to reality than you may think, and they could really help you. (自动驾驶汽车听起来可能像是未来科幻小说中的东西。然而，预计从2021年开始进行高级试验，它们比你想象的更接近现实，它们确实可以帮助你。)”、最后一段“The government is keen to understand the public’s view on CAVs and continues to survey public attitudes. It is also taking big steps towards establishing how our laws and regulations might need to change to support the safe use of self-driving cars. (政府热衷于了解公众对CAV的看法，并继续调查公众的态度。它还采取了重大步骤，以确定我们的法律法规可能需要如何改变，以支持自动驾驶汽车的安全使用。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车给人们带来的好处、各个领域在技术等方面的合作以及政府将发布相关法律规范无人驾驶汽车的使用，所以“自动驾驶汽车会很快成为现实吗？”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 D Imagine you need milk, so you go to the grocery store to pick some up, only to find there are dozens of options. These days, you have to make a decision on not only the percentage of fat you want, but also what source you want your milk to be coming from: cows, soybeans... You have no idea what milk to pick. There are so many choices that you are confused. This phenomenon is known as the paradox (悖论) of choice and it is becoming a concern in the modern world, where more and more options are becoming easily available to us. While we might believe that being presented with multiple options actually makes it easier to choose one that we are happy with, and thus increases consumer satisfaction, having too many options actually requires more effort to make a decision and can leave us feeling unsatisfied with our choice. The idea was popularized by American psychologist Barry Schwartz when he published his book, The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less. Schwartz, who has long studied the ways in which economics and psychology intersect (交叉), became interested in seeing the way that choices were affecting the happiness of citizens in Western societies. He identified that the range of choices that we have available to us these days is far greater than that people had in the past; however, consumer satisfaction has not increased as much as traditional economics theories might expect. Schwartz identified that the paradox of choice carries the most consequence for people that are maximizers. Maximizers, unlike satisficers, are concerned with making the best choice instead of simply making a choice that they are happy with. When there are many options available to maximizers, it becomes harder for them to determine which is the best, which can cause them to feel a great deal of regret after they have made a choice. Instead of believing that freedom of choice is unlimited, Schwartz advocates that the role of psychology and behavioral economics should be to find the kind of limitations on freedom that can lead to the greatest level of happiness within society. 32. What’s the author’s purpose in mentioning buying milk in paragraph 1? A. To lead in the topic. B. To draw a conclusion. C. To show that we have more choices when shopping. D. To indicate that people pay greater attention to health when shopping. 33. What does the paradox of choice suggest? A. More options mean less satisfaction. B. Consumer satisfaction has greatly increased. C. People are happy with more choices. D. Modern people are happier than their ancestors. 34. What can be learned about satisficers? A. They aim for the very best. B. They tend to follow their feelings. C. They often regret their decisions. D. They have trouble making a decision. 35. What does Schwartz suggest people do? A. Hold on to their beliefs. B. Accept their own behavior. C. Give up freedom. D. Limit their own choices. 【答案】32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。 文章主要介绍了“选择悖论”这一现象，即过多的选择会让人们感到困惑和不满，从而降低消费者的满意度。文章还介绍了“最大化者”和“满足者”的区别，以及心理学和行为经济学在解决这一问题中的作用。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Imagine you need milk, so you go to the grocery store to pick some up, only to find there are dozens of options. (想象一下，你需要牛奶，所以你去杂货店买了一些，却发现有几十种选择)”以及“You have no idea what milk to pick. There are so many choices that you are confused.(你不知道该选什么牛奶。有太多的选择让你感到困惑)”可知，购物时牛奶品类众多，以至于很难做出决策。是下文“选择的悖论”这一现象的一个案例。由此可推知，文章第一段提到买牛奶就是为了引出文章的话题。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“While we might believe that being presented with multiple options actually makes it easier to choose one that we are happy with, and thus increases consumer satisfaction, having too many options actually requires more effort to make a decision and can leave us feeling unsatisfied with our choice.(虽然我们可能认为，提供多种选择实际上会让我们更容易选择一种我们满意的选择，从而提高消费者满意度，选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力才能做出决定，这会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意)”可知，选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力才能做出决定，这会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意。由此可推知，更多的选择意味着更少的满足感。故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Maximizers, unlike satisficers, are concerned with making the best choice instead of simply making a choice that they are happy with. (与满足者不同，最大化者关心的是做出最好的选择，而不是简单地做出他们满意的选择)”可推知，满足者跟随自己的感觉，不纠结于必须做出“最好的”决定。故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Instead of believing that freedom of choice is unlimited, Schwartz advocates that the role of psychology and behavioral economics should be to find the kind of limitations on freedom that can lead to the greatest level of happiness within society.(施瓦茨不认为选择的自由是无限的，而是主张心理学和行为经济学的作用应该是找到对自由的限制，从而在社会中获得最大程度的幸福)”可知，施瓦茨建议人们限制自己的选择。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world ruled by hard exercise and complex fitness programs, the simple act of walking is often ignored(忽略). ___36___ It offers physical and mental benefits that lead to total happiness. Heart Health and Weight Management Walking is light heart exercise that helps improve heart health by increasing blood circulation(循环). ___37___ Besides, regular quick walking supports in weight management by burning calories and improving digestion(消化), making it an excellent choice for those looking to throw away pounds or keep a healthy weight. Pressure Drop and Clear Mind Taking a relaxing walk or quick walk has been shown to give off endorphins, the body’s natural ”feel-good” materials. This leads to lower pressure levels, improved feelings, and improved mental health. Walking outdoors in nature or in a peaceful environment can provide a refreshing escape from the daily tasks. ___38___ Joint(关节)Health and Free Movement Unlike active sports, walking is soft on the joints, making it a perfect choice for people of all ages and fitness levels. ___39___ At the same time, it also raises the ability to move freely and easily. Walking regularly can be particularly beneficial to those recovering from pain or looking to prevent problems with joints. Social Communication and Connection ___40___ Walking clubs, group climbs, or even simple walking with a friend or family member can provide an opportunity to connect, share experiences, and create lasting memories while at the same time bringing the physical benefits. A. It helps oil joints and make them stronger. B. It’s a cheap way to lead a healthier lifestyle. C. So taking a walk can make your mind relaxed and fresh. D. A quick walk after meals has been shown to benefit the stomach. E. It cuts down the risk of heart disease and brings down blood pressure. F. Walking is useful exercise that can easily be turned into a social activity. G. However, walking remains one of the easiest and most useful forms of exercise. 【答案】36. G 37. E 38. C 39. A 40. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论的话题是步行对健身的好处。步行是最简单、最有用的锻炼方式之一。它提供了身体和精神上的好处，带来了完全的幸福。 【36题详解】 根据前面一句的内容“a world ruled by hard exercise and complex fitness programs, the simple act of walking is often ignored(忽略)(在一个以艰苦的运动和复杂的健身计划为主导的世界里，步行这种简单的行为常常被忽视)”以及后句“It offers physical and mental benefits that lead to total happiness. (它提供身体和精神上的好处，导致完全的幸福)” 可知，设空处承上启下，说明步行的益处，G项：However, walking remains one of the easiest and most useful forms of exercise.(然而，步行仍然是最简单、最有用的锻炼方式之一)合乎句意。故选G。 【37题详解】 根据前面一句的内容“Walking is light heart exercise that helps improve heart health by increasing blood circulation(循环).(散步是一种轻微的心脏运动，通过促进血液循环有助于改善心脏健康。)”可知，设空处承接上句，说明散步对心脏的好处。E项：It cuts down the risk of heart disease and brings down blood pressure.(它可以降低患心脏病的风险，降低血压。)合乎句意。故选E。 【38题详解】 根据上句“Walking outdoors in nature or in a peaceful environment can provide a refreshing escape from the daily tasks. (在大自然或宁静的环境中散步可以让你从日常工作中解脱出来)”可知，设空处应为在大自然中散步对身心的好处。C项：So taking a walk can make your mind relaxed and fresh.(所以散步可以使你的头脑放松和清新)合乎句意。故选C。 【39题详解】 根据前面的内容“Unlike active sports, walking is soft on the joints, making it a perfect choice for people of all ages and fitness levels(与剧烈运动不同，散步对关节很柔软，使其成为所有年龄和健康水平的人的完美选择)”可知，设空处应为和其他的运动相比，散步对身体的好处，A项：It helps oil joints and make them stronger.(它有助于关节润滑，使关节更强壮)合乎句意。故选A。 【40题详解】 本段的小标题为“Social Communication and Connection(社会沟通与联系)” 可知，设空处应为散步在社交方面的作用。F项：Walking is useful exercise that can easily be turned into a social activity.(散步是一种有益的运动，很容易变成一种社交活动。)合乎句意。故选F。 第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building. As a crane (吊车) ___41___ working on a construction site, Edwards ___42___ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ___43___ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowerin a cage to him to let him ___44___. However, his attempt to ___45___ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ___46___ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ___47___ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ___48___ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ___49___ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the ___50___. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage. Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ___51___ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ___52___ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ___53___ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong ___54___ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster. A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him —— with organizers ___55___ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts. 41. A. engineer B. operator C. cleaner D. salesman 42. A. regularly B. unfortunately C. intentionally D. unexpectedly 43. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided 44. A. escape B. hide C. walk D. slide 45. A. clean B. cover C. position D. open 46. A. Despite B. Without C. For D. From 47. A. switch B. maintain C. lose D. give 48. A. instructions B. problems C. explanations D. courses 49. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated 50. A. door B. garden C. crane D. roof 51. A. persuading B. lifting C. warning D. dragging 52. A. went through B. put on C. asked for D. broke into 53. A. displayed B. admitted C. exchanged D. required 54. A. preference B. response C. emotion D. determination 55. A. choosing B. encouraging C. ordering D. teaching 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名起重机操作员Glen Edwards在一次建筑工地火灾中英勇救援一名被困工人的事迹，描述了他的救援过程和所面临的困难，以及他成功救出被困工人的结果。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，当一场火灾发生时，Edwards意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. engineer工程师；B. operator操作人员；C. cleaner清洁工；D. salesman推销员。根据后文“working on a construction site”可知，Edwards在建筑工地工作，所以应是起重机操作员。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，当一场火灾发生时，Edwards意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. regularly经常；B. unfortunately不幸地；C. intentionally故意；D. unexpectedly意外地。根据后文“found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out”可知，Edwards本是一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，确发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务，所以应是意外地。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃跑。A. helped帮助；B. spotted发现；C. realized认识到；D. guided指导。根据后文“the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin”可知，从吊车的船舱里应是发现被困工人。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃跑。A. escape逃跑；B. hide隐藏；C. walk步行；D. slide滑动。根据前文“how he came up with the idea of saving the man”可知，Edwards救了被困的工人，所以应是把一个笼子放下来让他逃出火场。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他想在那个男人面前把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易事，因为每一阵风都会把他的起重机吹得失去平衡。A. clean打扫；B. cover覆盖；C. position安置，使处于；D. open打开。根据后文“as each post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty”可知，风会让起重机失去平衡，在加上烟雾和火焰让视野不好，所以应是把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易事。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，并为保持控制权而斗争。A. Despite尽管；B. Without没有；C. For为了；D. From来自。根据后文“the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up”可知，此处表达“虽然，尽管”之意，用Despite引导让步状语。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，并为保持控制权而斗争。A. switch转换；B. maintain保持；C. lose失去；D. give给。根据前文“However, his attempt to 　　　5　　　the cage before the man was by no means an easy job”以及“Edwards refused to give up”可知，他想在那个男人面前把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易事，但是Edwards不想放弃，所以是为保持控制权而斗争。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地面上有人通过无线电指示在哪里降落笼子。A. instructions指示；B. problems问题；C. explanations解释；D. courses课程。根据后文“on where to land the cage through a radio”可知，通过无线电，应是指示在哪里降落笼子。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作，直到笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。A. quickened加快；B. described描述；C. adjusted调整；D. repeated重复。根据后文“inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the 　　　10　　　　.”可知，应是Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作，直到笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。A. door门；B. garden花园；C. crane起重机；D. roof屋顶。根据前文“Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building.”可知，工人被困在楼顶，所以应是笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Edwards看着笼子把这个人从下面可怕的大火中抬了出来，把他送到了安全的地方。A. persuading说服；B. lifting吊起；C. warning警告；D. dragging拖。根据前文“Edwards 　　　9　　　　 the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the 　　　10　　　　.”可知，Edwards用起重机把笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方，所以，应是看着笼子把这个人从下面可怕的大火中抬了出来。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧的赞扬。A. went through通过；B. put on穿上；C. asked for请求；D. broke into突然开始做（某事）。根据后文“a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill 　　　13　　　　by Edwards.”可知，人们对Edwards致敬，所以应是爆发热烈的掌声。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧的赞扬。A. displayed显示；B. admitted承认；C. exchanged交换；D. required需要。根据前文“a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill”可知，应是对Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧的赞扬。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，在面对灾难时，正是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心在生死之间起到了决定性的作用。A. preference偏爱；B. response响应；C. emotion情感；D. determination决心。根据前文“He knew that his quick thinking and”可知，空处应和前文的thinking对应，结合选项，应是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心符合语境。故选D项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：组织者鼓励人们“请Glen喝杯啤酒”，以感谢他的救命之恩，现在已经建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金。A. choosing选择；B. encouraging鼓励；C. ordering命令；D. teaching教育。根据前文“A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him”可知，组织者建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金，所以是鼓励人们“请Glen喝杯啤酒”。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched a three-member crew to its orbiting space station on Thursday as part of its ____56____ (ambition) program that aims to put astronauts on the moon by 2030. The mission ____57____ (lead) by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was ____58____ (previous) part of the Shenzhou-13 crew in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu,____59____ are heading into space for the first time. ____60____ three will spend about six months on the space station. They ____61____ (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection ____62____ (equip) on the station, carry out payload experiments, and popularize science education, among other things, according to Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA. Lin also said China was working toward eventually offering access ____63____ its space station to foreign astronauts and space tourists. The country is planning a mission ____64____ (bring) back samples from Mars around 2030 and three lunar probe missions over the next four years. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030. China conducted its first crewed space mission in 2003,_____65_____ (become) the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U. S. to put a person into space using its own resources. 【答案】56. ambitious 57. is led 58. previously 59. who 60. The 61. will conduct 62. equipment 63. to 64. to bring 65. becoming 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国近期将三名宇航员送往空间站的最新进展，以及中国雄心勃勃的太空计划。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：周四，中国向其轨道空间站发射了一个三人机组，这是其雄心勃勃的计划的一部分，该计划旨在到 2030 年将宇航员送上月球。修饰名词program应用形容词，故填ambitious。 【57题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：这次任务由叶光富领导，他是一名战斗机飞行员和宇航员，曾在 2021 年参与神舟十三号机组。mission与lead之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is led。 【58题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词短语was part of，应用副词，故填previously。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他与宇航员李聪和李广苏一起，他们都是首次进入太空。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu，因先行词在定语从句中作主语指人，所以用关系代词who 引导，故填who。 【60题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这三人将在空间站上度过大约六个月。这里特指上文提到的这三名宇航员，表示特指含义，所以用定冠词the，故填The。 【61题详解】 考查时态。句意：他们将进行科学测试、在空间站安装空间碎片防护设备、进行有效载荷实验以及开展科学教育等活动，据中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强介绍。根据上文“three will spend about six months on the space station(这三人将在空间站上度过大约六个月)”可知，这里表示未来将要发生的动作，所以用一般将来时，故填will conduct。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处句子中作宾语，使用名词，故填equipment。 【63题详解】 考查介词。句意：林西强还表示，中国正在努力最终向外国宇航员和太空游客开放其空间站。offer access to“提供进入……的机会”，是固定搭配，故填to。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该国计划在 2030 年左右执行一项从火星带回样本的任务，并在未来四年内执行三次月球探测任务。因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰mission，故填to bring。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国在 2003 年进行了首次载人航天任务，成为继前苏联和美国之后第三个利用自身资源将人送入太空的国家。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填becoming。 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 2023年12月22日，联合国通过决议，将春节确定为联合国假日，避免在当天安排会议。你校将以“Chinese New Year listed as a UN floating holiday”为主题举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： (1)说明该举措的意义； (2)发表对此事的感想。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：floating holiday 浮动假期 resolution 决议 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version The Chinese New Year has been officially listed as a UN floating holiday from 2024. The resolution encourages the UN to avoid arranging conference activities on that day. Meanwhile, it aims to enhance interactions between diverse civilizations and reflects the values of diversity and inclusion promoted by the UN. As a member of our society, I feel proud and honored to see the increasing influence of our civilization. Hopefully, the traditional Chinese holiday featuring family reunion and good wishes for the coming year may help spread the ideas of peace, harmony and sound relationship between man and nature, which are deeply rooted in our civilization. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Chinese New Year listed as a UN floating holiday”为主题举办的英语征文比赛写一封投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：enhance→ improve 多样性：diversity→ variety 影响：influence→ effect 以……为特征：feature→ characterize 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Meanwhile, it aims to enhance interactions between diverse civilizations and reflects the values of diversity and inclusion promoted by the UN. 拓展句：Meanwhile, it aims to enhance interactions between diverse civilizations and reflects the values of diversity and inclusion that are promoted by the UN. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The Chinese New Year has been officially listed as a UN floating holiday from 2024.（运用了现在完成时的被动语态） 【高分句型2】Hopefully, the traditional Chinese holiday featuring family reunion and good wishes for the coming year may help spread the ideas of peace, harmony and sound relationship between man and nature, which are deeply rooted in our civilization.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Summer vacation was finally coming, and Rose couldn’t wait to have a trip with her parents. She recalled the joyful experiences they shared last summer, which filled her with excitement for the upcoming holiday. “Girls!” Rose heard her father calling. She raced to her big sister’s room, telling her that Dad was calling them, and they rushed downstairs log either. Dad put his arm around Mom and told them that they were going on a trip to the Virunga Mountains of Africa. There were three national parks that they would visit. Rose and Gina looked at each other. “What?” they said with one voice. Mom told them it would be really exciting to go there on a trip. At 12 years old, Rose would prefer going to an amusement park or a beach. She thought it important to let her parents know she didn’t want to go there but to the beach for a week or two. “Well,” said Dad, “I have to go for an assignment for the paper. We’re covering the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) because they’re critically endangered these years. So, I thought it’d also be a great place to take a vacation. I’m sure it’ll be very educational for you girls.” Gina let out a sigh, unable to contain her disappointment. She wanted to say something but Mom interrupted and announced that the trip was set on the next Monday. “Sit down, both of you.” Dad had on his severe look. “Girls, it’s important for you to know about the world around you. This is a wonderful chance for you to experience and learn an amazing place. Do you know anything about the mountain gorillas?” The sisters shook their heads. “Well, get your laptop computer, Gina. I want you to look them up right now,” said Dad, “Rose, there is a book on the bookshelf about the cute mountain gorillas. Find it and read it.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The girls dragged their feet upstairs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Monday came and the family set out excitedly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: The girls dragged their feet upstairs. They reluctantly complied with their father’s instructions. Gina opened her laptop and began searching for information on mountain gorillas, while Rose found the book and started flipping through the pages, hoping to find something that would spark her interest. As she flipped through the pages, she saw pictures of the gorillas and read about their habitats and behaviors. Meanwhile, Gina was discovering fascinating facts and watching videos of the gentle giants in their natural environment. Paragraph 2: The next Monday came and the family set out excitedly. As the plane took off, Rose tried to put aside her initial reluctance and immerse herself in the adventure. The journey was filled with new sights and sounds, and Rose gradually found herself fascinated by the unique ecosystem of the Virunga Mountains. She observed the gorillas from a safe distance, marveled at their strength and agility, and was humbled by their place in the natural world. By the end of the trip, Rose had a newfound respect for nature and its creatures, and was grateful for the opportunity to experience such an educational and eye-opening journey. 【解析】 【导语】文章以旅行为线索展开，讲述了一个小女孩Rose和她的家人即将开始暑假旅行的故事。 Rose原本期待和父母去一个游乐园或海滩度假，但她的父亲却计划带她们去非洲的维龙加山脉看大猩猩，因为父亲要为报纸写一篇关于这些濒危动物的报道。 虽然Rose和她的姐姐Gina一开始对这个计划感到失望，但她们的父亲强调了这次旅行对于了解世界和增长知识的重要性，并要求她们去了解关于大猩猩的信息。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“女孩们拖着脚上楼。”可知，第一段可描写女孩们按照父亲指示查阅有关山地大猩猩的信息。 ②由第二段首句内容“下个星期一到了，一家人兴奋地出发了。”可知，第二段可描写旅行的经历以及女孩们的感悟。 2.续写线索：感到不情愿——查阅资料——旅行经过——感悟。 3.词汇激活 行为类 服从，遵循：comply with/abide by 希望：hope/expect 尝试做某事：try to do sth./attempt to do sth. 充满：be filled with/be full of 情绪类 不情愿地：reluctantly/unwillingly 感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】[高分句型1] Gina opened her laptop and began searching for information on mountain gorillas, while Rose found the book and started flipping through the pages, hoping to find something that would spark her interest.（运用了现在分词作状语，that引导定语从句） [高分句型2] The journey was filled with new sights and sounds, and Rose gradually found herself fascinated by the unique ecosystem of the Virunga Mountains.（运用了过去分词作宾语补足语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$