精品解析：广西壮族自治区钦州市浦北县2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2024年春季学期高中期中教学质量监测 高二英语 （时间120分钟，满分150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will Nick do tonight? A．Attend a party. B．Go to a concert. C．Rest at home. 2．What does the woman look forward to? A．Meeting her aunt. B．Finishing her work. C．Traveling with the man. 3．What subject is the woman taking? A．Biology. B．Chemistry. C．Physics. 4．Who will be absent from the dinner? A．Vicky. B．Amy. C．The speakers’mother. 5．How may the woman feel about the news? A．Excited. B．Nervous. C．Angry. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6．Why does the man make the call? A．He hurt his back. B．He wants more medicine. C．He feels pain in his shoulder. 7．When would the man like to see the doctor tomorrow? A．At 9:00 am. B．At 11:00 am. C．At 4:00 pm. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。 8．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Weekend plans. B．Social network usage. C．The best messaging app. 9．What is the woman’s attitude toward David’s behavior? A．Understanding. B．Indifferent. C．Disapproving. 10．How many people does David text regularly? A.5． B．6． C．10． 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。 11．What is Neth doing on the Internet? A．Doing some research. B．Reading some news. C．Searching for volunteer work. 12．What does the woman often offer to do? A．Help some kids with study. B．Feed the homeless people. C．Hold birthday parties for the poor. 13．Which program provides school supplies for at-risk kids? A．NEST Buddies. B．NEST Kares. C．NEST Nurtures. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a train. B．In a bookstore. C．In a travel agency. 15．What kinds of books does the woman like to read? A．Those with powerful men B．Those about the history of England C．Those with strong female characters. 16．What does the man say about Jane Austen’s writing? A．It is full of emotion. B．It is humorous. C．It is frightening. 17．What will the man do next? A．Recommend some books. B．Talk with the woman’s children. C．Stop interrupting the woman’s reading. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18．What is the speaker? A．A reporter. B．A program producer. C．A scientist. 19．Where did the speaker do the task? A．In a boat. B．At a university. C．At a TV station. 20．Why are the sharks returning? A．There is more food to eat. B．The water quality is better. C．Hunting is forbidden. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do you know there are apps that make it easy to help others, our planet, and ourselves, so we lead more giving and meaningful lives? Check out four of the best ones and spring into action! Be My Eyes This app connects visually impaired people in need of some help with sighted people with a few minutes of spare time to offer through video calls. The help needed may be something like finding a missing object in the home. This app is available in over 150 countries and in more than 150 languages. Volunteers register and detail which languages they speak. When someone needs help,a message reminder appears on their device. Zooniverse Want to help with cutting edge global research? Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher! Help professional scientific researchers through your mobile device or the companion website. Global volunteers taking part in this exciting crowd sourcing project typically don5t have a scientific background but their contribution is highly valued. My Selfless Act This is a social networking site and app promoting the idea of giving back to the community through volunteering. It offers information on local volunteering opportunities globally and encourages the sharing of ideas and activities. Aloe Bud Created by someone who struggles with his mental illness, routine and remembering daily self-care, Aloe Bud is a welcoming and simple “self-care pocket companion” app. It gently reminds users about self-care activities in physical, mental and emotional needs. These reminders relate to anything from drinking enough water to taking screen breaks to maintaining connections. 1. What is Zooniverse intended to do? A. Help with disabled people. B. Provide access to research. C. Share community resources. D. Organize self-care activities. 2. What is probably the major concern of users who choose Aloe Bud? A. Personal well-being. B. Community service. C. Professional development. D. Volunteering information. 3. Which app targets users with eye problems? A. Aloe Bud. B. Zooniverse. C. Be My Eyes. D. My Selfless Act. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个应用程序的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Want to help with cutting edge global research? Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher! Help professional scientific researchers through your mobile device or the companion website.(想要帮助全球最前沿的研究? Zooniverse是一个拥有数百万注册志愿者的应用程序，可以让你成为公民研究员！通过您的移动设备或配套网站帮助专业科研人员)”可知，Zooniverse针对的是提供研究的途径。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Created by someone who struggles with his mental illness, routine and remembering daily self-care, Aloe Bud is a welcoming and simple “self-care pocket companion” app. It gently reminds users about self-care activities in physical, mental and emotional needs.( Aloe Bud是一个欢迎和简单的“自我护理口袋伴侣”的应用程序，它温柔地提醒用户在身体、心理和情感需求的自我护理活动)”可知，Aloe Bud的用户最关心的是个人的幸福。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Be My Eyes部分中“This app connects visually impaired people in need of some help with sighted people with a few minutes of spare time to offer through video calls.(这款应用程序将需要帮助的视障人士与视力正常的人联系起来，他们有几分钟的空闲时间，可以通过视频电话提供帮助)”可知，Be My Eyes应用程序针对的是眼睛有问题的用户。故选C。 B I’ve long believed that positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve. It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility. Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change. However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values. I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia. Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism, the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable, satisfying model. Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” To me, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible. 4. What is the author’s belief? A. People can’t always be happy. B. People should live alone. C. People should pursue true achievements. D. People can’t always achieve their goals. 5. What do emotionally flexible people commit themselves to? A. Their different needs. B. Their strongly believed values. C. The pursuit of hedonism. D. Permanent happiness. 6. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author? A. By keeping realistically optimistic. B. By pursuing pleasure constantly. C. By being honest to others. D. By changing true nature. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. What’s the difference between eudaimonia and hedonism? B. Why can’t people be happy all the time? C. What is the importance of eudaimonia? D. What should we do to stay positive? 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了真正的幸福快乐是什么，以及在情感上诚实和灵活有助于提升幸福感。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I’ve long believed that positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve. (我一直相信积极的生活并不是每天每一分钟都保持乐观。那种永久的快乐状态不是我们的目标，因为它不可能实现)”可知，作者认为人们不可能总是快乐的。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values. (相反，情感的灵活性是一种技能，帮助人们判断日常生活的复杂性，并坚持他们根深蒂固的价值观)”可知，感情上灵活的人遵从自己坚信的价值观。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“true happiness comes from authentic positivity (真正的幸福来自真实的积极性)”以及倒数第二段“Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. (相反，幸福感鼓励我们追求意义和真实、成长和诚实的快乐)”可推知，作者认为，保持真实乐观可以获得幸福感。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段“I’ve long believed that positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve. (我一直相信积极的生活并不是每天每一分钟都保持乐观。那种永久的快乐状态不是我们的目标，因为它不可能实现)”且通读全文可知，作者在文章开头提出了论点：人不会一直保持积极乐观，然后分析了原因，并提出真正的幸福是什么，以及如何获得真正的幸福，主要阐述的是人们不会一直幸福。故B选项“为什么人们不能一直快乐？”最符合文章标题。故选B。 C Buddy or Friendship Benches (长椅) are needed because playgrounds can be lonely places some times. When a school places the bench, they teach a little lesson to the kids on how it is to be used. Then when a child sits on the bench, it sends out a message to others that basic ally says, “Hey, I’m alone right now and would welcome the company (陪伴) of others.” Kids in the playground see this and from their training, they see there is a fellow student in need. They are encouraged to come over and sit on the bench and make a new friend. Benches like this have been around for a while now in many schools. But in Ireland, they are trying to do something different with them. This school in Cork in the south of Ireland is the 247th to get benches from a social organization called “Buddy Bench Ireland” that doesn’t just provide schools with benches, but also runs special projects with trained child psychiatrists (精神病专家). They use the bench as an opportunity to start conversations about mental health. They talk about the importance of knowing and understanding your feelings and those of others. Judith Ashton, a co-founder of Buddy Bench Ireland said, “The children need to understand what the bench is about, what it represents —friendship, understanding, listening to each other and the most important thing is that it’s important to express feelings.” But do children really use the bench? It’s a matter of great public concern. Sinead Mcgilloway from Maynooth University carried out a study and said, “We found that 40% of the children told us that they had actually used the benches at the time of the study. And over 90% said that they would talk to a child if that child was sitting on the bench. So, there’s nothing to worry about.” Children’s mental health and safety at school is increasingly a concern in many countries. In Ireland, they’re hoping these benches will no t only tackle problems like school violence and school bullying (校园暴力和校园欺凌), but also give students the confidence to open up about t heir feelings. 8. According to the passage, buddy benches might ______ A. make students feel relaxed B. help students feeling lonely to find friends C. be a symbol of psychology classes D. appear in schools filled with problem children 9. The organization “Buddy Bench Ireland” ______. A. makes buddy benches more popular B. brings more new-pattern benches to schools C. encourages more students to choose buddy benches D. provides psychological care projects along 10. In Judith Ashton’s opinion, what students most need to know is ______. A. how to understand each other B. what buddy benches are about C. the importance of expressing themselves D. the necessity of listening to their friends 11. From what Sinead Mcgilloway said, we can know that ______. A. 60% of the children in the study disliked these benches B. over 90% of the children in the study once felt lonely C. he once worried about children with mental problems D. the public don’t have to worry about the use of buddy benches 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在操场放置伙伴长椅能够帮助孤独的学生找到朋友，一个名为“爱尔兰伙伴长凳”的社会组织不仅为学校提供长凳，还提供心理护理项目。他们希望这些长椅不仅能解决校园暴力和校园欺凌等问题，还能让学生有信心敞开心扉表达自己的感受。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Buddy or Friendship Benches are needed because playgrounds can be lonely places sometimes.(伙伴或友谊长椅是需要的, 因为操场有时可能是孤独的地方)”以及下文“They are encouraged to come over and sit on the bench and make a new friend.(他们被鼓励过来坐在长凳上，结交新朋友)”可知伙伴长椅可以帮助感觉孤独的学生找到朋友。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This school in Cork in the south of Ireland is the 247th to get benches from a social organization called “Buddy Bench Ireland” that doesn’t just provide schools with benches, but also runs special projects with trained child psychiatrists (精神病专家).(这所位于爱尔兰南部科克的学校是第247所从一个名为“爱尔兰伙伴长凳”的社会组织获得长凳的学校，该组织不仅为学校提供长凳，还与训练有素的儿童精神病学家一起开展特殊项目)”可知，一个名为“爱尔兰长凳伙伴”的组织提供心理护理项目。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Judith Ashton, a co-founder of Buddy Bench Ireland said, “The children need to understand what the bench is about, what it represents —friendship, understanding, listening to each other and the most important thing is that it’s important to express feelings.”(爱尔兰Buddy Bench的联合创始人朱迪思·阿什顿说:“孩子们需要了解长椅的意义，它代表着什么——友谊、理解、相互倾听，最重要的是表达感情很重要。”)”可知在 Judith Ashton看来，学生们最需要知道的是表达自己的重要性。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““We found that 40% of the children told us that they had actually used the benches at the time of the study. And over 90% said that they would talk to a child if that child was sitting on the bench. So, there’s nothing to worry about.”(“我们发现，40%的孩子告诉我们，他们在研究期间确实使用过这些长椅。超过90%的人说，如果孩子坐在长凳上，他们会和孩子说话。所以，没什么好担心的。”)”可知从Sinead Megilloway所说的，我们可以知道，公众不必担心伙伴长椅的使用问题。故选D。 D Animals can adapt quickly to survive unfavorable environmental conditions. Evidence is mounting to show that plants can, too. A paper published in the journal Trends in Plant Science details how plants are rapidly adapting to the effects of climate change, and how they are passing down these adaptations to their offspring(后代). Plants are facing more environmental stresses than ever. For example, climate change is making winters shorter in many locations, and plants are responding. “Many plants require a minimum period of cold in order to set up their environmental clock to define their flowering time,” says Martinelli, a plant geneticist at the University of Florence. “As cold seasons shorten, plants have adapted to require shorter periods of cold to delay flowering. These mechanisms allow plants to avoid flowering in periods when they have fewer opportunities to reproduce.” Because plants don’t have neural(神经的) networks, their memory is based entirely on cellular(细胞的),molecular(分子的),and biochemical networks. These networks make up what the researchers call somatic memory(体细胞记忆). “It allows plants to recognize the occurrence of a previous environmental condition and to react accordingly,” says Martinelli. These somatic memories can then be passed to the plants’ offspring via epigenetics(表现遗传). “Several examples demonstrate the existence of molecular mechanisms modulating plant memory to environmental stresses and affecting the adaptation of offspring to these stresses,” says Martinelli. Going forward, Martinelli hopes to understand even more about the genes that are being passed down. “We are particularly interested in decoding the epigenetic alphabet without changes in DNA sequence(序列),”he says. “This is especially important when we consider the rapid climate change, we observe today that every living organism, including plants, needs to quickly adapt to survive.” 12. What adaptations have plants made to shortened cold seasons? A. They have shortened their flowering time. B. They have got more chances to reproduce. C. They have avoided flowering in cold seasons. D. They have adjusted their environmental clock. 13 What can we learn about somatic memory? A. It is entirely based on neural networks. B. It can help the plants’ offspring to survive. C. It can help relieve environmental stresses. D. It disturbs the plants’ biochemical networks. 14. What does the underlined word “modulating” mean in paragraph 4? A. Adjusting. B. Treasuring. C. Recording. D. Sharing. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Plants are smart about flowering time B. Plants can also adapt to climate change C. Environmental stresses challenge plants D. Mysteries of plant genes are to be unfolded 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是植物像动物一样，可以迅速地适应不利的条件，同时分析了植物能快速适应不利条件，并将这些适应传递给下一代的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For example, climate change is making winters shorter in many locations, and plants are responding. “Many plants require a minimum period of cold in order to set up their environmental clock to define their flowering time,”…(例如，气候变化使许多地方的冬季缩短，植物正在做出反应。“许多植物需要最短的寒冷时间，以便设置环境时钟来定义它们的开花时间，” ……)”可知，为了适应缩短的寒冷季节，植物会设置环境时钟来定义开花时间。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段首句“These somatic memories can then be passed to the plants’ offspring via epigenetics(表现遗传).(然后，这些体细胞记忆可以通过表观遗传学传递给植物的后代。”可知，这些体细胞记忆通过表现遗传学传给下一代，由此可以判断，体细胞记忆可以帮助下一代生存下来。故选B项。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“As cold seasons shorten, plants have adapted to require shorter periods of cold to delay flowering. These mechanisms allow plants to avoid flowering in periods when they have fewer opportunities to reproduce. (随着寒冷季节的缩短，植物已经适应了需要较短的寒冷时间来延迟开花。这些机制允许植物避免在繁殖机会较少的时期开花。)”可知，这些机制使植物能够调整自己在繁殖机会少的时期避免开花，这是植物调整适应环境变化的结果，划线单词所在的“Several examples demonstrate the existence of molecular mechanisms modulating plant memory to environmental stresses and affecting the adaptation of offspring to these stresses(几个例子表明，存在调节植物记忆对环境胁迫并影响后代对这些胁迫的适应的分子机制。)”谈论的是有几种个例子表明存在这样的“分子机制”调节植物记忆来适应环境的变化，与第二段阐述的与“这些机制”允许植物调节花期适应环境的内容相当，故该单词意为“调节”。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Animals can adapt quickly to survive unfavorable environmental conditions. Evidence is mounting to show that plants can, too.(动物可以快速适应，以在不利的环境条件下生存。越来越多的证据表明，植物也可以。)”并结合下文围绕该话题举例说明和分析植物能快速适应不利条件的原因可知，本文主要是陈述植物和动物一样能快速适应不利条件。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why are people taking pictures of their faces, their hobbies and their food? Why do we capture every single moment? _____16_____ The special thing about photography is that we can capture moments anywhere and anytime. All we need for this is our smartphone—something that rarely leaves our side. _____17_____ Every single one of us can get started with this wonderful hobby, no matter if your goal is to sell your photographs or just to keep them for your own viewing pleasure. Every picture you take is a personal story. There is no painting without context(背景). However, unlike a painting, you don’t need to spend hours of your time on it. _____18_____ If you prefer to share your pictures with the world, you can also get immediate feedback(反馈). _____19_____ Pictures connect and show the people around us what’s going on in our life right now. The most amazing thing for me is without question the ability to capture every single click of a button. _____20_____ It’s crazy how the emotions of one single picture can throw you back in time. We can connect to our past, no matter where we are and preserve those memories that are most meaningful. A. It is a way to allow each of you to become an artist. B. It is a way to express yourself through different photographs. C. This enables me to remember every experience as it happens. D. Camera phones allow us to upload our pictures in a few seconds. E. Compared to other forms of visual art, you don’t need any special talent for it. F. I can’t really give you an answer, because I also like taking photos of everything. G. Photography is an amazing tool to appreciate the world around us and to stay in the moment. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们喜欢拍照的原因以及拍照这种爱好带来的益处。 【16题详解】 上文中“Why are people taking pictures of their faces, their hobbies and their food? Why do we capture every single moment?(为什么人们要拍他们的脸、他们的爱好和他们的食物? 为什么我们要捕捉每一个瞬间?)”提出了问题，可推知下文需要对问题进行回答，F项“我真的不能给你答案，因为我也喜欢拍所有东西的照片”是对上文问题的回答，符合句意。故选F项。 17题详解】 下文“Every single one of us can get started with this wonderful hobby, no matter if your goal is to sell your photographs or just to keep them for your own viewing pleasure.(我们每个人都可以开始这个很棒的爱好，不管你的目的是卖出你的照片，还是仅仅为了自己的观赏乐趣而保留它们)”可知，每个人不管出于什么目的都能开始拍照这个爱好，选项E“与其他形式的视觉艺术相比，你不需要任何特殊的才能”和下文构成内容上顺承的关系，说明拍照不需要特殊技能只要爱好它即可。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“Every picture you take is a personal story. There is no painting without context (背景). However, unlike a painting, you don’t need to spend hours of your time on it.(你所拍摄的每一张照片都是一个个人的故事。这不需要背景。然而，不像一幅画，你不需要花几个小时在上面)”可知，拍照不会费太多时间就可以记录个人的故事，B项“这是一种通过不同的照片来表达自己的方式”是对上文内容的解释，说明你拍的每一张照片都是在讲述自己的故事，换句话说拍照是表达自我的方式。故选B项。 【19题详解】 上文“If you prefer to share your pictures with the world, you can also get immediate feedback (反馈). (如果你喜欢与世界分享你的照片，你也可以立即得到反馈)”和D项“带摄像头的手机可以让我们在几秒钟内上传照片”构成顺承关系，根据常识，推断出我们想与世界分享照片又能得到快速反馈的手段就是上传照片。故选D项。 【20题详解】 上文“The most amazing thing for me is without question the ability to capture every single click of a button.(毫无疑问，对我来说最神奇的事情就是只需要点击一下按钮，就能够捕捉到生活的每一个瞬间)”可推知下文要介绍捕捉生活瞬间的意义，C项“这使我能够记住每一次发生的经历”中的“this”指代的是上文中的“the ability to capture every single click of a button”，C项和上文构成因果关系，表明因为拍照可以捕捉生活瞬间产生的结果就是使我记住每一次的经历。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life, and there was nothing much wrong in my life. ____21____, I was bored. I wanted more. I wanted to live____22____ and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the gray ones of everyday life. But I was ____23____. I’ve never had any ____24____ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ____25____, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never ____26____ that childhood shyness. And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really____27____. So I ____28____ that the small steps weren't enough. I signed up for an internship(实习期的工作) teaching English in Vietnam, an ____29____ huge step, one that terrified me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food and the streets were _____30_____. I had no idea whether I would be able to _____31_____ everything this very strange environment would _____32_____ at me. I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching and exploring and laughing. I'd learned to_____33_____myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home being_____34_____, even to myself let alone to others. The_____35_____ that had controlled my life and the self- doubt were completely worn off. That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me. 21. A. Thus B. Instead C. Otherwise D. However 22. A. easily B. brightly C. peacefully D. modestly 23. A. proud B. innocent C. outgoing D. afraid 24. A. pride B. confidence C. interest D. shame 25. A. stress B. excitement C. confusion D. surprise 26. A. added to B. talked about C. got over D. suffered from 27. A. continued B. survived C. failed D. helped 28. A. decided B. promised C. predicted D. disagreed 29. A. equally B. incredibly C. unnecessarily D. occasionally 30 A. nice B. colorful C. strange D. adequate 31. A. doubt B. handle C. quit D. obtain 32. A. point B. throw C. shout D. aim 33. A. trust B. enjoy C. excuse D. forgive 34. A. unconcerned B. unsatisfied C. Unchangeable D. unrecognizable 35. A. fear B. respect C. courage D. anger 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了曾经的作者没有自信，对生活充满恐惧，在去越南教书实习后，作者发生了很大的改变。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很厌烦。A. Thus因此；B. Instead代替；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。“我很厌烦”和“我拥有大多数人所说的美好生活，我的生活也没有什么错”之间是转折关系，用however。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想要生活的明亮和响亮，制造深刻的回忆，而不是日常生活的灰色。A. easily容易地；B. brightly明亮地；C. peacefully和平地；D. modestly谨慎地。根据“and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the gray ones of everyday life.”可知这里意思是我想要生活的明亮和响亮。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我很害怕。A. proud骄傲的；B. innocent天真的；C. outgoing外向的；D. afraid害怕的。根据“I’ve never had any ____4____ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ____5____, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never ____6____ that childhood shyness.”可知我很害怕。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对自己从来都没有信心。A. pride自豪；B. confidence信心； C. interest兴趣；D. shame羞愧。根据“As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ____5____, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never ____6____ that childhood shyness.”可知我对自己从来都没有信心。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，即使在商店里买东西也会给我带来很大的压力，尽管随着年龄的增长，我确实变得更好了，但我始终没有克服童年的羞涩。 A. stress压力；B. excitement兴奋；C. confusion困惑；D. surprise吃惊。根据“and even though I did get better as I got older, I never ____6____ that childhood shyness.”可知当我还是个孩子的时候，即使在商店里买东西也会给我带来很大的压力。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，即使在商店里买东西也会给我带来很大的压力，尽管随着年龄的增长，我确实变得更好了，但我始终没有克服童年的羞涩。A. added to增加；B. talked about谈论；C. got over克服；D. suffered from遭受。根据“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really____7____.”可知长大后的我，始终没有克服童年的羞涩。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是没有一个真的有帮助。A. continued继续；B. survived幸存； C. failed失败；D. helped帮助。根据“So I ____8____ that the small steps weren't enough.”可知我尝试了所有方法，比如阅读有关自信的书籍。我朝着目标迈出了一小步，但是没有一个真的有帮助。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我断定这些小步骤是不够的。A. decided断定；B. promised许诺；C. predicted预测；D. disagreed不同意。根据“I signed up for an internship(实习期的工作) teaching English in Vietnam, an ____9____ huge step, one that terrified me as much as it excited me.”可知我断定这些小步骤是不够的。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我申请了一份在越南教英语的实习工作，这是一项令人难以置信的巨大进步，让我既兴奋又害怕。A. equally同样地；B. incredibly难以置信地；C. unnecessarily不必要地；D. occasionally偶然。根据“one that terrified me as much as it excited me.”可知这巨大的进步是令人难以置信的。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我独自一人生活在一个食物和街道都很陌生的国家。A. nice 美好的；B. colorful多彩的；C. strange陌生的；D. adequate充足的。根据“I had no idea whether I would be able to ____11____ everything this very strange environment would ____12____ at me.”可知我独自一人生活在一个食物和街道都很陌生的国家。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道自己是否能够应对这个陌生环境给我带来的一切。A. doubt怀疑；B. handle处理；C. quit放弃；D. obtain获得。根据“this very strange environment would ____12____ at me.”可知我不知道自己是否能够应对这个陌生环境给我带来的一切。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道自己是否能够应对这个陌生环境给我带来的一切。 A. point指向；B. throw扔；C. shout大喊；D. aim对准。我到了一个陌生的环境中，很担心这个陌生的环境会抛给我一些不好的东西。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学会了相信我自己，我的技能，我的能力和我的决定。A. trust相信；B. enjoy欣赏；C. excuse借口；D. forgive原谅。根据“The____15____ that had controlled my life and the self- doubt were completely worn off.”可知我学会了相信我自己，我的技能，我的能力和我的决定。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到家，我变得无法辨认，连自己都认不出来了，更不用说别人了。A. unconcerned不关心的；B. unsatisfied不满意的；C. Unchangeable不变的；D. unrecognizable难以辨认的。根据“That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.”可知我的变化太大，让人无法辨识。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：控制我生活的恐惧和自我怀疑完全消失了。A. fear害怕；B. respect尊敬；C. courage勇气；D. anger生气。根据“As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ____5____, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never ____6____ that childhood shyness.”可知曾经的我没有自信，对生活充满恐惧，现在控制我生活的恐惧和自我怀疑完全消失了。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 11,000 scientists from 153 countries have sounded the alarm on climate change. In a paper ___36___(publish) last week in the journal BioScience, they signed a declaration(声明) stating clearly that planet Earth is facing a climate emergency, saying that if no changes ___37___(make) , the world will face untold suffering. The evidence that the scientists collected reveals an undeniable truth ___38___ human activities have been causing global warming from the fast rise of fossil fuel consumption ___39___ the increase in greenhouse gas emissions(排放) over the past 40 years. The scientists also gave some instructions to fight against global warming, proposing six actions to prevent ___40___(far) disasters: stabilizing population ___41___(grow) by investing into family-planning services and girls’ education, replacing fossil fuels, cutting the emissions of climate pollutants, eating less meat, restoring and protecting ___42___(ecosystem) , and building ___43___ carbon-free economy. The scientists say the climate crisis is___44___(close) related to human activities, so they call on people ____45____(change) their life styles. But these measures are comparatively abstract. Therefore, it is high time for policymakers to figure out more practical measures that can bring down carbon emissions. 【答案】36. published 37. are made 38. that 39. to 40. further 41. growth 42. ecosystems 43. a 44. closely 45. to change 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多名科学家对气候变化发出了警告，明确指出地球正面临气候紧急情况，并解释了原因。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意： 在上周发表在《生物科学》杂志上的一篇论文中，他们签署了一份声明，明确指出地球正面临气候紧急情况，如果不做出改变，世界将面临无尽的痛苦。分析句子结构可知，signed为主句谓语，故空处缺少非谓语，paper和publish“发表”之间是被动关系, 故使用过去分词published作后置定语。故填published。 【37题详解】 考查时态及语态。句意：在上周发表在《生物科学》杂志上的一篇论文中，他们签署了一份声明，明确指出地球正面临气候紧急情况，如果不做出改变，世界将面临无尽的痛苦。分析句子结构可知，if引导条件状语从句，主句使用一般将来时，故条件状语从句使用一般现在时，且主语changes和make“做出”之间是被动关系，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are made。 【38题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：科学家收集的证据揭示了一个不可否认的事实，即在过去的40年里，从化石燃料消耗的快速增长到温室气体排放的增加，人类活动一直在导致全球变暖。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明truth，且同位语从句中不缺少成分和含义，故用引导词that。故填that。 【39题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：科学家收集的证据揭示了一个不可否认的事实，即在过去的40年里，从化石燃料消耗的快速增长到温室气体排放的增加，人类活动一直在导致全球变暖。结合句意和空前的from可知，本空填介词to，from... to...为固定搭配, 意为“从……到……”。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：科学家们还对应对全球变暖给出了一些指示，提出了防止进一步灾难的六项行动。此处表示“进一步”用far的比较级。故填further. 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：科学家们还对应对全球变暖给出了一些指示，提出了防止进一步灾难的六项行动：通过投资计划生育服务和女孩教育来稳定人口，取代化石燃料，减少气候污染物的排放，少吃肉，恢复和保护生态系统，建立一种无碳经济。根据population可知，此处指的是“人口增长”，应该使用grow的名词形式，growth意为“增长”。故填growth。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，此处ecosystem意为“生态系统”为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填ecosystems. 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。此处泛指一种“无碳经济”，且carbon-free是以辅音音素开头，故使用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：科学家们说气候危机与人类活动密切相关，因此他们呼吁人们改变生活方式。空处修饰形容词related，要用副词closely“密切地”，作状语。故填closely。 【45题详解】 考查不定式结构。句意：科学家们说气候危机与人类活动密切相关，因此他们呼吁人们改变生活方式。call on sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“呼吁某人做某事”，故本空填 change“改变”的不定式形式to change，作宾补。故填to change。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文网站“Super Heroes”专栏邀请大家分享心目中的“超级英雄”。请你根据所给信息，介绍战斗英雄张富清。 1．曾为中国人民解放军（Chinese People’s Liberation Army）战士，且在战争期间两次被授予“战斗英雄”（Combat Hero）称号； 2．1955年退役后，到湖北来凤县的贫困山区工作； 3．淡泊名利，从未提及自己的成就。直到2018年底，他的人生故事经媒体报道后才为人所知； 4．于2019年获得“感动中国”奖（the“Touching China”award）。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Zhang Fuqing, once a soldier of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, was awarded the title of “Combat Hero” twice during the war. Besides, in 2019 he was given the “Touching China” award. After retiring from the army in 1955, Zhang devoted his life to the poverty-stricken mountainous areas of Laifeng, a remote county in Hubei Province. Zhang lives a simple and independent life with indifference to fame and fortune. For many years he had never told anyone about his past achievements until they were widely reported by the media at the end of 2018 when millions of Chinese people were touched. Zhang Fuqing, a hero who devotes his life to our motherland, will live in our hearts forever. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校英文网站“Super Heroes”专栏邀请大家分享心目中的“超级英雄”。要求考生根据所给信息，介绍战斗英雄张富清。 【详解】1.词汇积累 此外：besides → what’s more 致力于：devote…to→commit…to 成就：achievement→accomplishment 感动：touched→ moved 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Zhang Fuqing, once a soldier of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, was awarded the title of “Combat Hero” twice during the war. 拓展句：Zhang Fuqing, who once was a soldier of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, was awarded the title of “Combat Hero” twice during the war. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 After retiring from the army in 1955, Zhang devoted his life to the poverty-stricken mountainous areas of Laifeng, a remote county in Hubei Province. （运用了动名词作宾语的结构） 【高分句型2】 Zhang Fuqing, a hero who devotes his life to our motherland, will live in our hearts forever.（运用了who引导的定语从句结构） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We met Max at the pickup area of Alaska Airlines. A standard poodle (鬈毛狗) born on Valentine’s Day in 2002, he came to us in a small blue box. We had adopted him from a friend, who raised many dogs. We were a sweet little family—me, my husband, and our children, Sophie and Jake. But for years I’d felt as if we wouldn’t really be complete until we had a dog. Also, my husband travelled for some 200 days a year on business, and I knew I’d feel safer with a large animal sleeping by the door. When we opened the box, we saw him. With his curly black hair and intelligent eyes, Max was beautiful. He was so small that he fit into the palm (手掌) of my hand, his big paws (爪子) lapping over the sides. He was also scared. As I pulled him close, I felt his heart pound and wondered if we’d done the right thing, taking him from his mother. But it was too late. Sophie and Jake were already fighting over who would hold him next. Over the following months, we spent endless hours watching Max play with his toy or run around the living room. Like most poodles, he was smart. He mastered house-training quickly and never chewed on our furniture or shoes. He considered himself one of us. Some days after school, I’d find Jake curled up with Max inside his box. When I suggested that my son get out of the dog box, Jake yelled, “Max wants me in here! We’re brothers!” By his first birthday, Max had grown into a 50-pound guard dog. He manned the front door like a soldier, barking fiercely at other dogs walking by. I felt safe with him there, especially when my husband was away. Sometimes, when I was missing my husband a lot, I held Max close. Many years later, my husband passed away. My kids grew up and went to university. They worked in other cities after graduation. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: And then, suddenly, I was alone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One Day, I found there was something wrong with Max’s back legs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】And then, suddenly, I was alone. I had loved all my family wildly, all of them, and they had left. Max became my only companion and brought me a great sense of security. He followed me from room to room, sometimes staying so close that I nearly tripped over him. However, as time went on, Max was getting older. Gradually, he lost his hearing and sight. He grew less happy and less active on our walks. Paragraph 2: One day, I found there was something wrong with Max’s back legs. A few days later, he went into heart failure. Jake flew home to be there when we said goodbye. By then, Max had stopped eating and drinking. All he could do was lie on the floor with his eyes closed. So Jake bought a sleeping mat and lay beside Max all night. I took a picture: a boy and his dog. A boy and his brother. 【解析】 【导语】文章本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家收养了名叫Max的小狗，小狗和家人相处很好，很快成为家庭中的一员，并且孩子们也和Max产生了感情，也给他们带来了安全感，然而许多年后，作者的丈夫去世了，孩子们去了其他城市工作，只留下了作者和Max作伴。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，我只身一人了。”可知，第一段可描写狗是如何陪伴作者的。 ②由第二段首句内容“有一天，我发现Max的后腿出了问题。”可知，第二段可描写狗因为年纪大，身体状况不好，一家人陪它走完最后的时间。 2.续写线索：Max陪伴作者——Max变老——Max不活跃——Max出现心力衰竭——家人陪它到最后 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①爱，喜欢：love/be fond of ②跟随：follow/go after ③告别：say goodbye/ bid farewell to 情绪类 ①疯狂地：wildly/frantically ②高兴的：happy/glad 【点睛】 [高分句型1] He followed me from room to room, sometimes staying so close that I nearly tripped over him.（由现在分词作状语， so…that…连接的结果状语从句） [高分句型2] Jake flew home to be there when we said goodbye. （由when引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型3] All he could do was lie on the floor with his eyes closed.（省略关系代词的定语从句修饰先行词All） 1～5CABBA 6～10CABCA 11～15CABBC 16～20BACAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年春季学期高中期中教学质量监测 高二英语 （时间120分钟，满分150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will Nick do tonight? A．Attend a party. B．Go to a concert. C．Rest at home. 2．What does the woman look forward to? A．Meeting her aunt. B．Finishing her work. C．Traveling with the man. 3．What subject is the woman taking? A．Biology. B．Chemistry. C．Physics. 4．Who will be absent from the dinner? A．Vicky. B．Amy. C．The speakers’mother. 5．How may the woman feel about the news? A．Excited. B．Nervous. C．Angry. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6．Why does the man make the call? A．He hurt his back. B．He wants more medicine. C．He feels pain in his shoulder. 7．When would the man like to see the doctor tomorrow? A．At 9:00 am. B．At 11:00 am. C．At 4:00 pm. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。 8．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Weekend plans. B．Social network usage. C．The best messaging app. 9．What is the woman’s attitude toward David’s behavior? A．Understanding. B．Indifferent. C．Disapproving. 10．How many people does David text regularly? A.5． B．6． C．10． 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。 11．What is Neth doing on the Internet? A．Doing some research. B．Reading some news. C．Searching for volunteer work. 12．What does the woman often offer to do? A．Help some kids with study. B．Feed the homeless people. C．Hold birthday parties for the poor. 13．Which program provides school supplies for at-risk kids? A．NEST Buddies. B．NEST Kares. C．NEST Nurtures. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a train. B．In a bookstore. C．In a travel agency. 15．What kinds of books does the woman like to read? A．Those with powerful men. B．Those about the history of England. C．Those with strong female characters. 16．What does the man say about Jane Austen’s writing? A．It is full of emotion. B．It is humorous. C．It is frightening. 17．What will the man do next? A．Recommend some books. B．Talk with the woman’s children C．Stop interrupting the woman’s reading. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18．What is the speaker? A．A reporter. B．A program producer. C．A scientist. 19．Where did the speaker do the task? A．In a boat. B．At a university. C．At a TV station. 20．Why are the sharks returning? A．There is more food to eat. B．The water quality is better C．Hunting is forbidden. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do you know there are apps that make it easy to help others, our planet, and ourselves, so we lead more giving and meaningful lives? Check out four of the best ones and spring into action! Be My Eyes This app connects visually impaired people in need of some help with sighted people with a few minutes of spare time to offer through video calls. The help needed may be something like finding a missing object in the home. This app is available in over 150 countries and in more than 150 languages. Volunteers register and detail which languages they speak. When someone needs help,a message reminder appears on their device. Zooniverse Want to help with cutting edge global research? Zooniverse is an app with millions of registered volunteers that lets you become a citizen researcher! Help professional scientific researchers through your mobile device or the companion website. Global volunteers taking part in this exciting crowd sourcing project typically don5t have a scientific background but their contribution is highly valued. My Selfless Act This is a social networking site and app promoting the idea of giving back to the community through volunteering. It offers information on local volunteering opportunities globally and encourages the sharing of ideas and activities. Aloe Bud Created by someone who struggles with his mental illness, routine and remembering daily self-care, Aloe Bud is a welcoming and simple “self-care pocket companion” app. It gently reminds users about self-care activities in physical, mental and emotional needs. These reminders relate to anything from drinking enough water to taking screen breaks to maintaining connections. 1. What is Zooniverse intended to do? A. Help with disabled people. B. Provide access to research. C. Share community resources. D. Organize self-care activities. 2. What is probably the major concern of users who choose Aloe Bud? A. Personal well-being. B. Community service. C. Professional development. D. Volunteering information. 3. Which app targets users with eye problems? A. Aloe Bud. B. Zooniverse. C. Be My Eyes. D. My Selfless Act. B I’ve long believed that positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve. It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility. Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change. However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values. I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia. Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism, the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable, satisfying model. Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” To me, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible. 4. What is the author’s belief? A. People can’t always be happy. B. People should live alone. C. People should pursue true achievements. D. People can’t always achieve their goals. 5. What do emotionally flexible people commit themselves to? A. Their different needs. B. Their strongly believed values. C. The pursuit of hedonism. D. Permanent happiness. 6. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author? A. By keeping realistically optimistic. B. By pursuing pleasure constantly. C. By being honest to others. D. By changing true nature. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. What’s the difference between eudaimonia and hedonism? B. Why can’t people be happy all the time? C. What is the importance of eudaimonia? D. What should we do to stay positive? C Buddy or Friendship Benches (长椅) are needed because playgrounds can be lonely places some times. When a school places the bench, they teach a little lesson to the kids on how it is to be used. Then when a child sits on the bench, it sends out a message to others that basic ally says, “Hey, I’m alone right now and would welcome the company (陪伴) of others.” Kids in the playground see this and from their training, they see there is a fellow student in need. They are encouraged to come over and sit on the bench and make a new friend. Benches like this have been around for a while now in many schools. But in Ireland, they are trying to do something different with them. This school in Cork in the south of Ireland is the 247th to get benches from a social organization called “Buddy Bench Ireland” that doesn’t just provide schools with benches, but also runs special projects with trained child psychiatrists (精神病专家). They use the bench as an opportunity to start conversations about mental health. They talk about the importance of knowing and understanding your feelings and those of others. Judith Ashton, a co-founder of Buddy Bench Ireland said, “The children need to understand what the bench is about, what it represents —friendship, understanding, listening to each other and the most important thing is that it’s important to express feelings.” But do children really use the bench? It’s a matter of great public concern. Sinead Mcgilloway from Maynooth University carried out a study and said, “We found that 40% of the children told us that they had actually used the benches at the time of the study. And over 90% said that they would talk to a child if that child was sitting on the bench. So, there’s nothing to worry about.” Children’s mental health and safety at school is increasingly a concern in many countries. In Ireland, they’re hoping these benches will no t only tackle problems like school violence and school bullying (校园暴力和校园欺凌), but also give students the confidence to open up about t heir feelings. 8. According to the passage, buddy benches might ______ A. make students feel relaxed B. help students feeling lonely to find friends C. be a symbol of psychology classes D. appear in schools filled with problem children 9. The organization “Buddy Bench Ireland” ______. A. makes buddy benches more popular B. brings more new-pattern benches to schools C. encourages more students to choose buddy benches D. provides psychological care projects along 10. In Judith Ashton’s opinion, what students most need to know is ______. A. how to understand each other B. what buddy benches are about C. the importance of expressing themselves D. the necessity of listening to their friends 11. From what Sinead Mcgilloway said, we can know that ______. A. 60% of the children in the study disliked these benches B. over 90% of the children in the study once felt lonely C. he once worried about children with mental problems D. the public don’t have to worry about the use of buddy benches D Animals can adapt quickly to survive unfavorable environmental conditions. Evidence is mounting to show that plants can, too. A paper published in the journal Trends in Plant Science details how plants are rapidly adapting to the effects of climate change, and how they are passing down these adaptations to their offspring(后代). Plants are facing more environmental stresses than ever. For example, climate change is making winters shorter in many locations, and plants are responding. “Many plants require a minimum period of cold in order to set up their environmental clock to define their flowering time,” says Martinelli, a plant geneticist at the University of Florence. “As cold seasons shorten, plants have adapted to require shorter periods of cold to delay flowering. These mechanisms allow plants to avoid flowering in periods when they have fewer opportunities to reproduce.” Because plants don’t have neural(神经的) networks, their memory is based entirely on cellular(细胞的),molecular(分子的),and biochemical networks. These networks make up what the researchers call somatic memory(体细胞记忆). “It allows plants to recognize the occurrence of a previous environmental condition and to react accordingly,” says Martinelli. These somatic memories can then be passed to the plants’ offspring via epigenetics(表现遗传). “Several examples demonstrate the existence of molecular mechanisms modulating plant memory to environmental stresses and affecting the adaptation of offspring to these stresses,” says Martinelli. Going forward, Martinelli hopes to understand even more about the genes that are being passed down. “We are particularly interested in decoding the epigenetic alphabet without changes in DNA sequence(序列),”he says. “This is especially important when we consider the rapid climate change, we observe today that every living organism, including plants, needs to quickly adapt to survive.” 12. What adaptations have plants made to shortened cold seasons? A. They have shortened their flowering time. B. They have got more chances to reproduce. C. They have avoided flowering in cold seasons. D. They have adjusted their environmental clock. 13. What can we learn about somatic memory? A. It is entirely based on neural networks. B. It can help the plants’ offspring to survive. C. It can help relieve environmental stresses. D. It disturbs the plants’ biochemical networks. 14. What does the underlined word “modulating” mean in paragraph 4? A. Adjusting. B. Treasuring. C. Recording. D. Sharing. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Plants are smart about flowering time B. Plants can also adapt to climate change C. Environmental stresses challenge plants D. Mysteries of plant genes are to be unfolded 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why are people taking pictures of their faces, their hobbies and their food? Why do we capture every single moment? _____16_____ The special thing about photography is that we can capture moments anywhere and anytime. All we need for this is our smartphone—something that rarely leaves our side. _____17_____ Every single one of us can get started with this wonderful hobby, no matter if your goal is to sell your photographs or just to keep them for your own viewing pleasure. Every picture you take is a personal story. There is no painting without context(背景). However, unlike a painting, you don’t need to spend hours of your time on it. _____18_____ If you prefer to share your pictures with the world, you can also get immediate feedback(反馈). _____19_____ Pictures connect and show the people around us what’s going on in our life right now. The most amazing thing for me is without question the ability to capture every single click of a button. _____20_____ It’s crazy how the emotions of one single picture can throw you back in time. We can connect to our past, no matter where we are and preserve those memories that are most meaningful. A. It is a way to allow each of you to become an artist. B. It is a way to express yourself through different photographs. C. This enables me to remember every experience as it happens. D. Camera phones allow us to upload our pictures in a few seconds. E. Compared to other forms of visual art, you don’t need any special talent for it. F. I can’t really give you an answer, because I also like taking photos of everything. G. Photography is an amazing tool to appreciate the world around us and to stay in the moment. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life, and there was nothing much wrong in my life. ____21____, I was bored. I wanted more. I wanted to live____22____ and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the gray ones of everyday life. But I was ____23____. I’ve never had any ____24____ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ____25____, and even though I did get better as I got older, I never ____26____ that childhood shyness. And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really____27____. So I ____28____ that the small steps weren't enough. I signed up for an internship(实习期的工作) teaching English in Vietnam, an ____29____ huge step, one that terrified me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food and the streets were _____30_____. I had no idea whether I would be able to _____31_____ everything this very strange environment would _____32_____ at me. I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching and exploring and laughing. I'd learned to_____33_____myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home being_____34_____, even to myself let alone to others. The_____35_____ that had controlled my life and the self- doubt were completely worn off. That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me. 21. A. Thus B. Instead C. Otherwise D. However 22. A. easily B. brightly C. peacefully D. modestly 23 A. proud B. innocent C. outgoing D. afraid 24. A. pride B. confidence C. interest D. shame 25. A. stress B. excitement C. confusion D. surprise 26. A. added to B. talked about C. got over D. suffered from 27. A. continued B. survived C. failed D. helped 28. A. decided B. promised C. predicted D. disagreed 29. A. equally B. incredibly C. unnecessarily D. occasionally 30. A. nice B. colorful C. strange D. adequate 31. A. doubt B. handle C. quit D. obtain 32. A. point B. throw C. shout D. aim 33. A. trust B. enjoy C. excuse D. forgive 34. A. unconcerned B. unsatisfied C. Unchangeable D. unrecognizable 35. A. fear B. respect C. courage D. anger 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 11,000 scientists from 153 countries have sounded the alarm on climate change. In a paper ___36___(publish) last week in the journal BioScience, they signed a declaration(声明) stating clearly that planet Earth is facing a climate emergency, saying that if no changes ___37___(make) , the world will face untold suffering. The evidence that the scientists collected reveals an undeniable truth ___38___ human activities have been causing global warming from the fast rise of fossil fuel consumption ___39___ the increase in greenhouse gas emissions(排放) over the past 40 years. The scientists also gave some instructions to fight against global warming, proposing six actions to prevent ___40___(far) disasters: stabilizing population ___41___(grow) by investing into family-planning services and girls’ education, replacing fossil fuels, cutting the emissions of climate pollutants, eating less meat, restoring and protecting ___42___(ecosystem) , and building ___43___ carbon-free economy. The scientists say the climate crisis is___44___(close) related to human activities, so they call on people ____45____(change) their life styles. But these measures are comparatively abstract. Therefore, it is high time for policymakers to figure out more practical measures that can bring down carbon emissions. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文网站“Super Heroes”专栏邀请大家分享心目中的“超级英雄”。请你根据所给信息，介绍战斗英雄张富清。 1．曾为中国人民解放军（Chinese People’s Liberation Army）战士，且在战争期间两次被授予“战斗英雄”（Combat Hero）称号； 2．1955年退役后，到湖北来凤县的贫困山区工作； 3．淡泊名利，从未提及自己的成就。直到2018年底，他的人生故事经媒体报道后才为人所知； 4．于2019年获得“感动中国”奖（the“Touching China”award） 注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We met Max at the pickup area of Alaska Airlines. A standard poodle (鬈毛狗) born on Valentine’s Day in 2002, he came to us in a small blue box. We had adopted him from a friend, who raised many dogs. We were a sweet little family—me, my husband, and our children, Sophie and Jake. But for years I’d felt as if we wouldn’t really be complete until we had a dog. Also, my husband travelled for some 200 days a year on business, and I knew I’d feel safer with a large animal sleeping by the door. When we opened the box, we saw him. With his curly black hair and intelligent eyes, Max was beautiful. He was so small that he fit into the palm (手掌) of my hand, his big paws (爪子) lapping over the sides. He was also scared. As I pulled him close, I felt his heart pound and wondered if we’d done the right thing, taking him from his mother. But it was too late. Sophie and Jake were already fighting over who would hold him next. Over the following months, we spent endless hours watching Max play with his toy or run around the living room. Like most poodles, he was smart. He mastered house-training quickly and never chewed on our furniture or shoes. He considered himself one of us. Some days after school, I’d find Jake curled up with Max inside his box. When I suggested that my son get out of the dog box, Jake yelled, “Max wants me in here! We’re brothers!” By his first birthday Max had grown into a 50-pound guard dog. He manned the front door like a soldier, barking fiercely at other dogs walking by. I felt safe with him there, especially when my husband was away. Sometimes, when I was missing my husband a lot, I held Max close. Many years later, my husband passed away. My kids grew up and went to university. They worked in other cities after graduation. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: And then, suddenly, I was alone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One Day, I found there was something wrong with Max’s back legs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1～5CABBA 6～10CABCA 11～15CABBC 16～20BACAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$