精品解析：江苏省南京市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试卷

2023-2024学年度高二下学期第一次学情监测 英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一 遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. On the phone. B. In a hospital. C. In the street. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Train crew and passenger. B. Fellow passengers. C. Mother and son. 3. How many bags does the woman have? A.2. B.3. C.5. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Whether to take a test. B. How to choose a major. C. Whether to seize the opportunity. 5. What does the man think of his current life? A. Disappointing. B. Just so-so. C. Satisfactory. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Who probably is the woman? A. The man’s friend. B. A clerk in the post office. C. A shop assistant. 7. How much should the man pay? A. $15. B. $6. C. $3. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where probably are the speakers? A. At a railway station. B. In an office. C. In a taxi. 9. What is the woman going to do next? A. Pick up a person. B. See off a client. C. Go on a business trip. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the man doing? A. Complaining about Anne’s behavior. B. Asking for the woman’s assistance. C. Giving the woman suggestions. 11. What was Dave’s attitude towards Anne according to the man? A. Impolite. B. Friendly. C. Unconcerned. 12. What will the woman do next? A. Write a report. B. Send a form. C. Talk with Dave. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What do we know about the man? A. He’s into sports all the time. B. He got hurt in the experiment. C. He’s thinner than before. 14. Who might Robinson be? A. The woman’s classmate. B. A chemistry teacher. C. Nancy’s husband. 15. How long has Tom been married? A. 10 years. B.8 years. C.2 years. 16. Where does the man live now? A. In Houston. B. In San Antonio. C. In New York. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What makes running a school garden hard according to the speaker? A. Lacking parents’ support. B. Lacking suitable space. C. Lacking money. 18. What does Susan say about school gardening? A. It helps students calm down. B. It involves various subjects. C. It teaches students to treasure grains. 19. Who owns a non-profit project? A. Susan Hobart. B. Ron Finley. C. Toby Adams. 20. Why does Finley support school gardening? A. To make study interesting. B. To promote a good hobby. C. To call for respect for the planet. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A From a multi-day hike following the routes of a Japanese poet, to a classic climb in the Argentinian Lake District, there are thousands of incredible trails (小路) that allow us to get up close to nature. Appalachian Trail, United States Extending for 2,200 miles, the Appalachian Trail is listed as the longest hiking-only footpath in the world. It runs from Springier Mountain in Georgia to Mount Katahdin in Maine, passing through some of the most remote country in the United States. That means it’s a hard task, either for those with endless vacation allowance, or walkers looking to do a small piece of a classic route. The Basho Wayfarer, Japan This self-guided trip follows a route taken by the poet Matsuo Basho over 300 years ago. The six-day hike starts in Sendai and works its way through the northern Tohoku region passing through the UNESCO World Heritage (遗产)Site of Hiraizumi and along the ancient Dewa Kaido path. With its beech and cherry forests, it finishes at the temple of Yamadera. Mount Toubkal, Morocco The path upwards rises from the village of Imlil, passing over a dry river bed before rising sharply through a temple and on towards a large mountain cottage. After overnight here, hikers set off up the snowfield to the peak, where the Atlas Mountains open out and the views are breathtaking. A local guide and muleteers for carrying luggage are a must. The Dingle Way, Ireland It is a ring-like path that offers the best way to get under the skin of wild County Kerry in Ireland’s south west. Starting in the town of Tralee, the clockwise path follows narrow roads, taking in the wide sweep of sand at Inch Strand, passing along the clifftops outside Dingle town and heading around the edge of Mount Brardon, the highest peak on the Dingle Peninsula. 1. What do we know about the Basho Wayfarer? A. It offers no guide service. B. It was built by a poet. C. It ends in the northern Tohoku region. D. It is on the world heritage list. 2. Where can hikers enjoy a good view of snow? A. Appalachian Trail. B. The Basho Wayfarer. C. Mount Toubkal. D. The Dingle Way. 3. What is special about the Dingle Way? A. It follows a circle path. B. It is the longest in the world. C. It finishes at Mount Brandon. D. It reaches the highest peak in Ireland. B Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold. I’m going to be honest-love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times. However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war. I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional. 4. What does the writer think of the book? A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas. C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme. 5. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner? A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age. C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have a miserable childhood. 6. What particularly stirred the writer’s emotions? A The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery. C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II. 7. What is the purpose of this text? A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller. C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book. C Did you know that the custom of turning our clocks an hour ahead during the year first originated in World War I? By making the days “longer” , the goal was for households to conserve electricity and other forms of energy like fuel. Recently, the US Senate passed the Sunshine Protection Act. The bill must also go through the House of Representatives before it can be signed by the President. If passed, Daylight SavingTime(DST) could become the permanent system of the time. Although the specific dates of the time change differ, many countries around the world observe a biannual system of the time. From mid-March to November in the US, most states practice DST by turning the time forward by an hour from the Standard Time(ST), the local time observed in an area. Though the original purpose of DST was to encourage the conservation of energy, multiple studies suggest that the time shift has not made a significant impact on saving energy costs. While less money is spent on electricity, costs are still likely to rise with the usage of devices such as air conditioners and computers. Research conducted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine has shown that DST time changes lead to a greater risk of car crashes. According to researchers, ST is much more closely related to the body’s circadian rhythm(昼夜节律) which regulates our organs as well as our sleep-wake cycle. By permanently living in DST, children would have to get up and be in school long before the sun rises—which could be 9 am in Seattle and other western states! Proponents argue that because DST maximizes daylight, it encourages safety by lowering crime rates and reducing seasonal depression. DST provides more waking time to enjoy with families and friends, or even to get more work done. The bill is certainly a hot topic of discussion, but one thing is for sure: everyone is in favor of getting rid of the biannual time switch. 8. What do we know about DST according to researchers? A It can make schools start late. B. It helps improve people’s sleeping quality. C. It increases the possibility of traffic accidents. D. It can reduce the usage of electronic devices. 9. What does the underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. People who are in favor of DST. B. People who are efficient in working C. People who have seasonal depression. D. People who enjoy the company of friends. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the biannual time switch? A. Positive. B. Neutral. C. Unclear. D. Negative. 11 What is the best title for the text? A. The influence of ST B. The significance of ST C. The debate about DST D. The history of DST D At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men. This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization? s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners. Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising. Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to. Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame. 12. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU? A. To show the gender balance among its members. B. To encourage females to nominate other females. C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards. D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness. 13. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners? A. Publicizing the nomination data. B. Widening the application pools by nominees. C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity. D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations. 14. What does the author hold in the last paragraph? A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent. B. Professional societies must make a difference. C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher. D. Science has kept up with the global trend of diversity. 15. Which of the following might be the best title for this text? A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model B. Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow? C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined 第二节(共5 小题, 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s always exciting to begin a new job. But among the frenzy (激动) of meeting new colleagues, starting new projects, and building new skills, there can be a stressful pressure to succeed. A big part of your success is determined by how quickly you are able to digest lots of information, which can be very hard. ____16____. * Manage yourself When you notice information overload, don’t ignore it and don’t panic. Say to yourself, “I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here. It’s okay to feel this way.” ____17____. Remember that emotions can help you better understand yourself and your values. * Sort your information ____18____. It keeps what it needs more immediately in our short-term memory, and it mixes together information we may need to use in the future to store in our long-term memory. For the information that’s not needed, our brain acts like a garbage management, recycling, and deleting it. * ____19____ Organizations often have digital knowledge management systems to store and take important information. You can do the same to reduce brain burden. I recommend creating a Word or Google document in which you write down information that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store. * Reduce task-switching Multi-tasking isn’t good for you physically or mentally and is worse for your productivity and cognition (认知). ____20____. You can go for longer than that, but be sure to take a break. Focused activity is less taxing than multitasking, but you can’t keep working endlessly. A. Respond positively B. Use technology to help C. That problem is much easier to understand and solve D. Here are some methods to deal with the information overload E. For greater results, focus on one task for around 25 minutes F. Our brain is like a clever piece of equipment that “takes in information” G This self-talk helps normalize the situation and makes the emotions easier to handle 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My daughter loved dancing until she didn’t love it. After an ____21____ first year, I noticed her interest fading week by week. Then one day, she slowly walked to me before class and asked if she could just ____22____ it. My first reaction was to advise her to “finish what you start”. ____23____, sticking with something difficult can teach perseverance, discipline and confidence. But watching my first grader ____24____ herself into each ballet position, I started to question how much ____25____ that “blanket advice” made. Is it really in my kid’s best ____26____, or even practical, to make her stick to every commitment through until she reaches a bitter end? What if there are different but ____27____ valuable qualities, which can be gained by ____28____ the things that are not right for her. After a few days’ consideration, she decided dance wasn’t for her — a choice I ____29____. Quitting is never a black and white issue. Sometimes, it means _____30_____ a barrier in your way to love something else. In my daughter’s case, ending dance made space for her new hobbies, such as horseback riding and Girl Scouts. She’s into them for now, but it is okay if that _____31_____ changes. As adults, we are accustomed to _____32_____ the power of saying yes, but what about saying no? The ability to recognize when something isn’t an _____33_____ investment of our time or energy is also important. As my daughter gets older, I want her to feel confident to _____34_____ something that’s no longer meeting her needs. She shouldn’t be held back by the thought that she must finish something at any cost _____35_____ because she has started. 21. A. depressing B. independent C. unbearable D. enthusiastic 22. A. make B. join C. skip D. try 23. A. In addition B. At most C. After all D. By contrast 24. A. addict B. expose C. enjoy D. drag 25. A. time B. sense C. energy D. pity 26. A. honor B. help C. interest D. behavior 27. A. hardly B. equally C. partly D. seemingly 28. A. letting go of B. fixing up C. making up for D. looking up 29. A. suspected B. required C. supported D. regretted 30. A. tolerating B. crossing C. challenging D. clearing 31. A. even B. still C. once D. yet 32. A. stressing B. experiencing C. warning D. ignoring 33. A. appropriate B. unfair C. extra D. informal 34. A. decorate B. abandon C. treasure D. practise 35. A. slightly B. roughly C. nearly D. merely 第二节 (共10小题;每小题0.5分,满分5分) 根据首字母或中文提示完成句子。 36. The boy was brave only to help the police to capture two __________ (罪犯). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 37. They went to the big cities to make their __________ (财富). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 38. Activities all take place under the ___________(指导) of an experienced tutor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 39. “We can look at and learn from Steve Jobs what the essence of American innovation is,” says John Kao, an innovation __________ (顾问) to corporations and governments. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 40. Shut your eyes and try to imagine a beautiful, white cloud_________(温柔地) touching our faces.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. Steve and I were at very different stages in our _________ (各自的) careers. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 42. You are not allowed to build anything without first obtaining the a__________of the local authority.(根据首字母单词拼写) 43. The n__________ between the two companies was intense, but they were finally able to reach a mutually beneficial agreement. (根据首字母单词拼写) 44. Not everyone agrees to the plan. Some support it, while I am one of those who are o __________ to it. But I won’t change my mind. (根据首字母单词拼写) 45. We’ve have been working hard to overcome p_________against women in politics. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第三节 (共10 小题;每小题1分,满分 10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nanjing silk brocade (织棉), also called yunjin,____46____(literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China,____47____(make) brocades in a unique way. Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____48____(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the____49____(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements. Nanjing yunjin is a craft (手工艺) ____50____(date) back to 417 AD. In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage (遗产) with the____51____(approve) of the Chinese government. In 2009, it was selected and added____52____the UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games,____53____all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade. ____54____(survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. We hold the belief_____55_____it will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 56. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“My dream job”为题写一篇发言稿参赛. 内容包括： 1. 你的理想工作； 2. 你选择的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My dream job Good morning, everyone. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分 25 分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Why do you want to be a teacher?” I never explain it without the usual obvious reasons, such as my love of children or wanting to make a difference. It was not until I met Kathy that I truly knew the reason I wanted to be a teacher. I was running a summer program. A seventh grader, a young girl walked through the door and I thought to myself, “This is going to be a long summer.” She was a student at my school, and I was well aware of who she was even though I was an eighth teacher. Her reserved place in the principal office was well known by the eight teachers as we prepared our sales for those students who were going to need extra attention. I racked my brain (绞尽脑汁) trying to figure out what I was going to do with her. I usually had my older students act as classroom helpers for the younger grades, so I decided that this would be a good spot for her. Little did I know how that one little decision would change my life. Kathy transformed before my eyes. She showed love and patience with the children in that classroom. She was responsible and caring and she began referring to those students as “her kids”. I witnessed a natural teacher blooming. I had an unforgettable summer with Kathy. Soon the school year began and Kathy and I were together again. This time I was her teacher. Kathy continued to volunteer with “her kids” at my after-school program. Her smile was infectious and her sense of humor amazing. Before graduation, Kathy thanked every person there for believing in her and giving her a chance. She was truly grateful. There was not a dry eye on the scene. We continued to keep in touch when Kathy went to high school and then university. Once she sent a letter to me, thanking me again, for giving her a chance and believing in her. She also stated that she had made her final decision and she was going to be a teacher! I don’t know I could have felt more pride than I did at that moment. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Several years later, I came across Kathy while shopping one afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now when I think about why I became a teacher I think of Kathy. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1-5 ABCCA 6-10 BACAB 11-15 ABCBC 16-20 BCABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年度高二下学期第一次学情监测 英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一 遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. On the phone. B. In a hospital. C. In the street. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Train crew and passenger. B. Fellow passengers. C. Mother and son. 3. How many bags does the woman have? A2. B.3. C.5. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Whether to take a test. B. How to choose a major. C. Whether to seize the opportunity. 5. What does the man think of his current life? A. Disappointing. B. Just so-so. C. Satisfactory. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Who probably is the woman? A. The man’s friend. B. A clerk in the post office. C. A shop assistant. 7. How much should the man pay? A. $15. B. $6. C. $3. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where probably are the speakers? A. At a railway station. B. In an office. C. In a taxi. 9. What is the woman going to do next? A. Pick up a person. B. See off a client. C. Go on a business trip. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What is the man doing? A. Complaining about Anne’s behavior. B. Asking for the woman’s assistance. C. Giving the woman suggestions. 11. What was Dave’s attitude towards Anne according to the man? A. Impolite. B. Friendly. C. Unconcerned. 12. What will the woman do next? A. Write a report. B. Send a form. C. Talk with Dave. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What do we know about the man? A. He’s into sports all the time. B. He got hurt in the experiment. C. He’s thinner than before. 14. Who might Robinson be? A. The woman’s classmate. B. A chemistry teacher. C. Nancy’s husband. 15. How long has Tom been married? A. 10 years. B.8 years. C.2 years. 16. Where does the man live now? A. In Houston. B. In San Antonio. C. In New York. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What makes running a school garden hard according to the speaker? A. Lacking parents’ support. B. Lacking suitable space. C. Lacking money. 18. What does Susan say about school gardening? A. It helps students calm down. B. It involves various subjects. C. It teaches students to treasure grains. 19. Who owns a non-profit project? A. Susan Hobart. B. Ron Finley. C. Toby Adams. 20. Why does Finley support school gardening? A. To make study interesting. B. To promote a good hobby. C. To call for respect for the planet. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A From a multi-day hike following the routes of a Japanese poet, to a classic climb in the Argentinian Lake District, there are thousands of incredible trails (小路) that allow us to get up close to nature. Appalachian Trail, United States Extending for 2,200 miles, the Appalachian Trail is listed as the longest hiking-only footpath in the world. It runs from Springier Mountain in Georgia to Mount Katahdin in Maine, passing through some of the most remote country in the United States. That means it’s a hard task, either for those with endless vacation allowance, or walkers looking to do a small piece of a classic route. The Basho Wayfarer, Japan This self-guided trip follows a route taken by the poet Matsuo Basho over 300 years ago. The six-day hike starts in Sendai and works its way through the northern Tohoku region, passing through the UNESCO World Heritage (遗产)Site of Hiraizumi and along the ancient Dewa Kaido path. With its beech and cherry forests, it finishes at the temple of Yamadera. Mount Toubkal, Morocco The path upwards rises from the village of Imlil, passing over a dry river bed before rising sharply through a temple and on towards a large mountain cottage. After overnight here, hikers set off up the snowfield to the peak, where the Atlas Mountains open out and the views are breathtaking. A local guide and muleteers for carrying luggage are a must. The Dingle Way, Ireland It is a ring-like path that offers the best way to get under the skin of wild County Kerry in Ireland’s south west. Starting in the town of Tralee, the clockwise path follows narrow roads, taking in the wide sweep of sand at Inch Strand, passing along the clifftops outside Dingle town and heading around the edge of Mount Brardon, the highest peak on the Dingle Peninsula. 1. What do we know about the Basho Wayfarer? A. It offers no guide service. B. It was built by a poet. C. It ends in the northern Tohoku region. D. It is on the world heritage list. 2. Where can hikers enjoy a good view of snow? A. Appalachian Trail. B. The Basho Wayfarer. C. Mount Toubkal. D. The Dingle Way. 3. What is special about the Dingle Way? A. It follows a circle path. B. It is the longest in the world. C. It finishes at Mount Brandon. D. It reaches the highest peak in Ireland. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。从跟随日本诗人的路线进行多日徒步旅行，到阿根廷湖区的经典攀登，这里有数千条令人难以置信的小径让我们能够亲近大自然。文章主要介绍了几条让我们能够亲近自然的小路。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据The Basho Wayfarer, Japan部分中第一句话“This self-guided trip follows a route taken by the poet Matsuo Basho over 300 years ago. (这次自助之旅沿着300多年前诗人松尾芭蕉走过的路线进行)”可知，Basho Wayfarer没有导游服务。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据Mount Toubkal, Morocco部分的第二句话“After overnight here, hikers set off up the snowfield to the peak, where the Atlas Mountains open out and the views are breathtaking.(在这里过了一夜之后，徒步旅行者们踏上了雪地，登上了山顶，阿特拉斯山脉向外延伸，景色令人叹为观止)”可知，在Mount Toubkal徒步旅行者沿着雪地向顶峰进发，沿途可欣赏到雪景。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据The Dingle Way, Ireland部分中“It is a ring-like path (这是一个环形的道路)”可知，Dingle Way这条线路是环形的。故选A。 B Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold. I’m going to be honest-love for this book didn’t hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It’s a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times. However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It’s about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war. I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional. 4. What does the writer think of the book? A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas. C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme. 5. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner? A. The war leads to their sensitivity. B. They know each other at an early age. C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow. D. They both have a miserable childhood. 6. What particularly stirred the writer’s emotions? A. The book’s dramatic ending. B. The book’s beautiful imagery. C. The characters’ interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II. 7. What is the purpose of this text? A. To share the writer’s feelings of a book. B. To recommend a delightful bestseller. C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story. D. To analyze the structure of a book. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章中，作者主要介绍了安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》，作者主要介绍了这本书的主要内容，以及作者对于这本书的感想。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。)”以及第二段“In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. (事实上，上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上——20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上——对光的科学和哲学参考，看到和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。)”可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时又极具描述性。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it’s also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. ”（然而，当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。）根据第三段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”以及最后一段“These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.(我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事，让我感到非常激动。)”可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That’s how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义：在历史的表面下，有未被看到的光，和未被讲述的故事。)”以及最后一段“I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.(我认为这是一本书，如果你停得太快，你就永远不会欣赏它——我学到了这一课。从第一页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪的方式交叉。)”可知，文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。 C Did you know that the custom of turning our clocks an hour ahead during the year first originated in World War I? By making the days “longer” , the goal was for households to conserve electricity and other forms of energy like fuel. Recently, the US Senate passed the Sunshine Protection Act. The bill must also go through the House of Representatives before it can be signed by the President. If passed, Daylight SavingTime(DST) could become the permanent system of the time. Although the specific dates of the time change differ, many countries around the world observe a biannual system of the time. From mid-March to November in the US, most states practice DST by turning the time forward by an hour from the Standard Time(ST), the local time observed in an area. Though the original purpose of DST was to encourage the conservation of energy, multiple studies suggest that the time shift has not made a significant impact on saving energy costs. While less money is spent on electricity, costs are still likely to rise with the usage of devices such as air conditioners and computers. Research conducted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine has shown that DST time changes lead to a greater risk of car crashes. According to researchers, ST is much more closely related to the body’s circadian rhythm(昼夜节律) which regulates our organs as well as our sleep-wake cycle. By permanently living in DST, children would have to get up and be in school long before the sun rises—which could be 9 am in Seattle and other western states! Proponents argue that because DST maximizes daylight, it encourages safety by lowering crime rates and reducing seasonal depression. DST provides more waking time to enjoy with families and friends, or even to get more work done. The bill is certainly a hot topic of discussion, but one thing is for sure: everyone is in favor of getting rid of the biannual time switch. 8. What do we know about DST according to researchers? A. It can make schools start late. B. It helps improve people’s sleeping quality. C. It increases the possibility of traffic accidents. D. It can reduce the usage of electronic devices. 9. What does the underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. People who are in favor of DST. B. People who are efficient in working C. People who have seasonal depression. D. People who enjoy the company of friends. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the biannual time switch? A. Positive. B. Neutral. C. Unclear. D. Negative. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. The influence of ST B. The significance of ST C. The debate about DST D. The history of DST 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章针对美国参议院通过的《阳光保护法》引出了对实行夏令时利弊的讨论。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Research conducted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine has shown that DST time changes lead to a greater risk of car crashes.”（美国睡眠医学学会进行的研究表明，夏令时的改变会增加车祸的风险。）可知，夏令时会增加交通事故的可能性。故选C项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段“because DST maximizes daylight, it encourages safety by lowering crime rates and reducing seasonal depression. DST provides more waking time to enjoy with families and friends, or even to get more work done.”（因为夏令时最大限度地利用了日光，它通过降低犯罪率和减少季节性抑郁来促进安全。夏令时提供了更多清醒时间与家人和朋友一起享受，甚至完成更多的工作。）可知该段描述了夏令时的好处，故推测“proponents”表示“支持者，赞成者”。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The bill is certainly a hot topic of discussion, but one thing is for sure: everyone is in favor of getting rid of the biannual time switch.”（该法案无疑是讨论的热门话题，但有一件事是肯定的：每个人都赞成取消一年两次的时间转换。）可知，每个人都赞成取消一年两次的时间转换，也包括作者在内，故作者对一年两次的时间转换持否定态度。故选D项。 11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“If passed, Daylight SavingTime(DST) could become the permanent system of the time.”（如果法案通过，夏令时可能成为永久的时间系统。）及第三四段对夏令时弊端的讨论和第五段对夏令时优势的描述可知，文章主要是关于夏令时利弊的讨论。故选C项。 D At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men. This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization? s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners. Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising. Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to. Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame. 12. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU? A. To show the gender balance among its members. B. To encourage females to nominate other females. C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards. D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness. 13. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners? A. Publicizing the nomination data. B. Widening the application pools by nominees. C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity. D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations. 14. What does the author hold in the last paragraph? A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent. B. Professional societies must make a difference. C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher. D. Science has kept up with the global trend of diversity. 15. Which of the following might be the best title for this text? A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model B. Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow? C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。我们真的足够了解科学奖项的公平性和合理性吗?在科学奖项的遴选过程中，不公布提名细节，这使得女性和弱势群体在获奖中未得到充分代表。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据关键词 EGU定位到第一段中的“Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.(尽管女性在协会成员中占37% ，但她们只获得了20% 的提名，这表明女性获得提名的可能性低于男性。数据还显示，人们在提名时往往偏爱自己的性别，而男性最有可能提名其他男性)”可知，女性比男性更不可能被提名，即女性在奖项中被忽略了。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.(EGU 不同于其他大多数科学协会，这些科学协会都不公开提名数据。尽管它对于获奖者之间的公平是必要的)”可知，EGU会把获奖者的提名数据公开，这样做对于获奖者之间的公平是必要的。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.(至少，专业协会必须确保他们的提名名单代表它们的社区。更大的透明度和更广泛、更多样化的提名人群，增加了奖励优秀人才的机会，而不是扩大现有的名人网络)”可知，作者认为，在提名方面，专业协会要有所作为，即要保证提名名单代表它们的社区，要有更大的透明度和更广泛、更多样化的提名人群，增加了奖励优秀人才的机会。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段提到上个月在维也纳举行的年度大会上，欧洲地球科学联盟委员会主席托马斯•布卢尼耶（Thomas Blunier）公布了自2014年以来按性别分列的获奖者和提名者名单，名单显示女性在奖项提名中被忽略了。进而在下面的文章中提到为了使得奖项的设置更公平化，许多的团体已经做出了努力。遗憾的是，这些措施不会使科学奖项与全球多样性相匹配，至少不会马上匹配。因而文章的标题可以为科学奖的多样性：为什么进展如此缓慢？故选B。 第二节(共5 小题, 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s always exciting to begin a new job. But among the frenzy (激动) of meeting new colleagues, starting new projects, and building new skills, there can be a stressful pressure to succeed. A big part of your success is determined by how quickly you are able to digest lots of information, which can be very hard. ____16____. * Manage yourself When you notice information overload, don’t ignore it and don’t panic. Say to yourself, “I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here. It’s okay to feel this way.” ____17____. Remember that emotions can help you better understand yourself and your values. * Sort your information ____18____. It keeps what it needs more immediately in our short-term memory, and it mixes together information we may need to use in the future to store in our long-term memory. For the information that’s not needed, our brain acts like a garbage management, recycling, and deleting it. * ____19____ Organizations often have digital knowledge management systems to store and take important information. You can do the same to reduce brain burden. I recommend creating a Word or Google document in which you write down information that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store. * Reduce task-switching Multi-tasking isn’t good for you physically or mentally and is worse for your productivity and cognition (认知). ____20____. You can go for longer than that, but be sure to take a break. Focused activity is less taxing than multitasking, but you can’t keep working endlessly. A Respond positively B. Use technology to help C. That problem is much easier to understand and solve D. Here are some methods to deal with the information overload E. For greater results, focus on one task for around 25 minutes F. Our brain is like a clever piece of equipment that “takes in information” G. This self-talk helps normalize the situation and makes the emotions easier to handle 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者针对新工作带来的过多信息，给出了四点建议。 【16题详解】 上文“It’s always exciting to begin a new job. But among the frenzy (激动) of meeting new colleagues, starting new projects, and building new skills, there can be a stressful pressure to succeed. A big part of your success is determined by how quickly you are able to digest lots of information, which can be very hard. (开始新工作总是令人兴奋的。但是，在与新同事见面、开始新项目和培养新技能的激动中，可能存在成功的压力。你成功的很大一部分取决于你消化大量信息的速度，这可能非常困难。)”介绍了新工作所带来的压力和挑战——消化过多的信息；下文作者就如何处理大量信息提出四点建议；D选项“Here are some methods to deal with the information overload (这里有一些处理信息过载的方法)”承上启下，符合语境，选项中的“the information overload”指代上文的“lots of information”，“some methods”指下文所给出的具体的解决方法。故选D。 【17题详解】 由小标题“Manage yourself (管理好你自己)”可知本段的建议是管理好自己；上文“When you notice information overload, don’t ignore it and don’t panic. Say to yourself, ‘I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here. It’s okay to feel this way.’ (当你注意到信息过载时，不要忽视它，也不要惊慌。对自己说：‘我有了一份新工作，这里有很多东西要学。有这种感觉是可以的。’)”介绍了面对大量信息时，如何调整自己的心态和情绪；G选项“This self-talk helps normalize the situation and makes the emotions easier to handle (这种自我对话有助于使情况正常化，使情绪更容易处理)”承接上文，说明自我对话所起到的作用，选项中的“This self-talk”指代上文“Say to yourself, ‘I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here. It’s okay to feel this way.’ ”；下文“Remember that emotions can help you better understand yourself and your values. (记住，情绪可以帮助你更好地了解自己和自己的价值观。)”阐述了管理好情绪的重要性；由此可知，G选项符合本段主旨和语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 由下文“It keeps what it needs more immediately in our short-term memory, and it mixes together information we may need to use in the future to store in our long-term memory. (它把我们需要的即时信息保存在我们的短期记忆中，并把我们将来可能需要的信息混合在一起，存储在我们的长期记忆中。)”可知句中“It”指代设空处所提到的某种存储信息的东西，结合本段最后一句“For the information that’s not needed, our brain acts like a garbage management, recycling, and deleting it. (对于不需要的信息，我们的大脑就像垃圾管理系统一样，回收并删除它们。)”可知设空处提到是大脑，F选项“Our brain is like a clever piece of equipment that ‘takes in information’ (我们的大脑就像一台‘接收信息’的聪明设备)”符合语境，选项中的“takes in”与下文中的“keeps”和“store”表达的意义一致。故选F。 【19题详解】 文章结构分析可知，设空处为此段的小标题；由下文“Organizations often have digital knowledge management systems to store and take important information. You can do the same to reduce brain burden. I recommend creating a Word or Google document in which you write down information that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store. (组织通常拥有数字知识管理系统来存储和获取重要信息。你也可以这样做来减轻大脑负担。我建议创建一个Word或Google文档，在其中写下大脑不需要记住或存储的信息。)”可知作者在本段建议运用Word或Google文档来帮大脑减负；B选项“Use technology to help (利用技术来帮助)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选B。 【20题详解】 上文“Multi-tasking isn’t good for you physically or mentally and is worse for your productivity and cognition (认知). (同时处理多项任务对你的身体和精神都没有好处，对你的工作效率和认知能力也更差。)”阐述了同时处理多项任务的弊端；E选项“For greater results, focus on one task for around 25 minutes (为了获得更好的效果，专注于一项任务25分钟左右)”针对上文所阐述的同时处理多任务的弊端提出了解决方法：专注于一项任务；下文“You can go for longer than that, but be sure to take a break. Focused activity is less taxing than multitasking, but you can’t keep working endlessly. (你可以坚持更长时间，但一定要休息一下。专注的活动比一心多用要轻松，但你不能无休止地工作。)”承接选项E，就专注于一项活动的时间进一步阐述，指出专注于一项工作时，时间不能太长，要注意休息；由此可知，E选项符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My daughter loved dancing until she didn’t love it. After an ____21____ first year, I noticed her interest fading week by week. Then one day, she slowly walked to me before class and asked if she could just ____22____ it. My first reaction was to advise her to “finish what you start”. ____23____, sticking with something difficult can teach perseverance, discipline and confidence. But watching my first grader ____24____ herself into each ballet position, I started to question how much ____25____ that “blanket advice” made. Is it really in my kid’s best ____26____, or even practical, to make her stick to every commitment through until she reaches a bitter end? What if there are different but ____27____ valuable qualities, which can be gained by ____28____ the things that are not right for her. After a few days’ consideration, she decided dance wasn’t for her — a choice I ____29____. Quitting is never a black and white issue. Sometimes, it means _____30_____ a barrier in your way to love something else. In my daughter’s case, ending dance made space for her new hobbies, such as horseback riding and Girl Scouts. She’s into them for now, but it is okay if that _____31_____ changes. As adults we are accustomed to _____32_____ the power of saying yes, but what about saying no? The ability to recognize when something isn’t an _____33_____ investment of our time or energy is also important. As my daughter gets older, I want her to feel confident to _____34_____ something that’s no longer meeting her needs. She shouldn’t be held back by the thought that she must finish something at any cost _____35_____ because she has started. 21. A. depressing B. independent C. unbearable D. enthusiastic 22. A. make B. join C. skip D. try 23. A. In addition B. At most C. After all D. By contrast 24. A. addict B. expose C. enjoy D. drag 25. A. time B. sense C. energy D. pity 26. A. honor B. help C. interest D. behavior 27. A. hardly B. equally C. partly D. seemingly 28. A. letting go of B. fixing up C. making up for D. looking up 29. A. suspected B. required C. supported D. regretted 30. A. tolerating B. crossing C. challenging D. clearing 31. A. even B. still C. once D. yet 32. A. stressing B. experiencing C. warning D. ignoring 33. A. appropriate B. unfair C. extra D. informal 34. A. decorate B. abandon C. treasure D. practise 35. A. slightly B. roughly C. nearly D. merely 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过讲述作者让女儿在不愿意的情况下坚持学习舞蹈这件事，说明作者认为作为成年人要适当地尊重孩子们的意愿，不要随意为他们做决定。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在热情地度过了第一年之后，我注意到她的兴趣一周比一周消退。A. depressing令人沮丧的；B. independent独立的；C. unbearable难以承受的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据前文“My daughter loved dancing”可知，我的女儿热爱舞蹈，推断出之前她对学习舞蹈这件事是有热情的。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，她在上课前慢慢走到我面前，问我是否可以不参加。A. make制作；B. join参加；C. skip不参加；D. try尝试。根据前文“her interest fading week by week”可知，女儿学舞蹈的热情逐渐消退了，推断出她不想参加舞蹈课，skip意为“不参加”，符合句意。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，坚持做一些困难的事情可以培养毅力、纪律和信心。A. In addition另外；B. At most最多；C. After all毕竟；D. By contrast相比下。根据后文“sticking with something difficult can teach perseverance, discipline and confidence. ”可知，坚持做一些困难的事情可以培养毅力、纪律和信心是作者觉得女儿应该坚持学习舞蹈的理由，但是她的女儿想要放弃学习舞蹈，after all意为“毕竟”，表示和预期情况相反，符合句意。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但看着我的女儿费力做着每一个芭蕾舞姿势，我开始质疑“一刀切的建议”有多大意义。A. addict上瘾；B. expose暴露；C. enjoy喜欢；D. drag拖拽。根据前文“Then one day, she slowly walked to me before class and asked if she could just ____2____ it.”可知，作者的女儿不愿意学舞蹈，推断出作者的女儿做这件事是费力的，drag oneself into sth.意为“费力做某事”。符合句意。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但看着我的女儿费力做着每一个芭蕾舞姿势，我开始质疑“一刀切的建议”有多大意义。A. time时间；B. sense感觉；C. energy能量；D. pity可惜。根据前文“My first reaction was to advise her to “finish what you start”.”可知，我之前建议孩子继续学下去，推断出我看到孩子很吃力时，开始质疑之前所给建议的意义，make sense意为“有意义”符合句意。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让她坚持每一个承诺，直到她走到痛苦的结局，这真的符合我孩子的最大利益吗，甚至是现实吗？A. honor荣誉；B. help帮助；C. interest利益；D. behavior行为。根据前文“I started to question how much ____5____ that “blanket advice” made.”可知，我开始质疑我的做法是不是对孩子有益，interest意为“利益”符合句意。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果有不同但同样有价值的品质，可以通过放下不适合她的东西来获得呢？A. hardly几乎不；B. equally相等地；C. partly部分地；D. seemingly看似。but表示转折关系，说明作者既想要不同的爱好但是又希望新爱好具有相同的价值，equally意为“相等地”，符合句意。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果有不同但同样有价值的品质，可以通过放下不适合她的东西来获得呢。A. letting go of放开；B. fixing up固定；C. making up for弥补；D. looking up查阅。根据后文“she decided dance wasn’t for her”可知，她决定不再学习舞蹈，说明作者认为应该放下不适合的东西。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几天的考虑，她决定跳舞不适合她——我支持这个选择。A. suspected怀疑；B. required要求；C. supported支持；D. regretted后悔。根据后文“In my daughter’s case, ending dance made space for her new hobbies, such as horseback riding and Girl Scouts.”可知，我的女儿放弃了舞蹈又学习了骑马和女童军，说明作者对于女儿不学舞蹈的决定是支持的。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这意味着要扫清一道障碍，去爱别的东西。A. tolerating容忍；B. crossing穿过；C. challenging挑战；D. clearing清理。根据前文“But watching my first grader ____4____ herself into each ballet position”可知，作者看见女儿吃力地练习舞蹈，她认为这件事情变成了生活中的障碍，她认为放弃学舞蹈就是在清除障碍。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她现在很喜欢，但如果这种情况仍然改变也没关系。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. once一旦，曾经；D. yet但是。but表示转折关系，前面提到作者的女儿对于现在的爱好很喜欢，推断出作者认为她仍然改变选择也没关系。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为成年人，我们习惯于强调说是的力量，但说不呢？A. stressing强调；B. experiencing经历；C. warning警告；D. ignoring忽视。根据前文“ticking with something difficult can teach perseverance, discipline and confidence.”作者之前认为坚持学舞蹈这件事能带来很多好处，推断出这是她在强调“是”的力量，即坚持的力量。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当某件事不是对我们时间或精力的适当投资时，认识到这一点的能力也很重要。A. appropriate适当的；B. unfair不公平的；C. extra额外的；D. informal非正规的。根据前文“she decided dance wasn’t for her”，可知，女儿认为学舞蹈不适合她，也说明作者认为当某件事不是对我们时间或精力的适当投资时，认识到这一点的能力也很重要。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着女儿年龄的增长，我希望她有信心放弃一些不再满足她的需求的东西。A. decorate装饰；B. abandon放弃；C. treasure珍惜；D. practise练习。根据前文“Quitting is never a black and white issue.”可知，作者认为，放弃没有对错之分，推断出她希望女儿有信心放弃一些不再满足她的需求的东西。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她不应该因为已经开始就认为必须不惜一切代价完成某件事。A. slightly轻微地；B. roughly粗略地；C. nearly几乎；D. merely只不过。根据后文“because she has started”可知，作者觉得因为已经开始这个理由就要继续坚持是不必要的，而这个理由也只不过是一件不重要的事情罢了，merely意为“只不过”，符合句意。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题0.5分,满分5分) 根据首字母或中文提示完成句子。 36. The boy was brave only to help the police to capture two __________ (罪犯). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】criminals 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：那个男孩很勇敢，只是为了帮助警察抓获两个罪犯。根据汉语提示，可知应填入criminal，作宾语，且空前有数词two修饰，所以用复数形式，故填criminals。 37. They went to the big cities to make their __________ (财富). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】fortune 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们去大城市创造财富。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句子中做宾语，使用名词。根据汉语提示，可知应填入fortune，作“财富”讲，因该词为不可数名词，且make one’s fortune为固定短语，含义为“赚钱，发家致富”，符合句意。故填fortune。 38. Activities all take place under the ___________(指导) of an experienced tutor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】guidance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有活动都在经验丰富的导师的指导下进行。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词guidance，不可数名词，作宾语。故填guidance。 39. “We can look at and learn from Steve Jobs what the essence of American innovation is,” says John Kao, an innovation __________ (顾问) to corporations and governments. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】consultant 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：John Kao是企业和政府的一名创新顾问，他说：“我们可以从史蒂夫·乔布斯身上看到并学习什么是美国创新的精髓。”根据汉语提示，可知应填入名词consultant，可数名词，根据空白处前面的冠词an可知空白处应填名词单数，故填consultant。 40. Shut your eyes and try to imagine a beautiful, white cloud_________(温柔地) touching our faces.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】gently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：闭上眼睛，试着想象一朵美丽的白云轻轻地抚摸着我们的脸。根据汉语提示可知，gently温柔地，副词，在句中修饰动词touching。故填gently。 41. Steve and I were at very different stages in our _________ (各自的) careers. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】respective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：史蒂夫和我在各自的职业生涯中处于非常不同的阶段。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词careers，“各自的”的形容词是respective，故填respective。 42. You are not allowed to build anything without first obtaining the a__________of the local authority.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】approval##pproval 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：未经当地政府批准，您不得建造任何东西。根据首字母和句意可知，名词approval“同意”符合题意，作宾语，抽象概念，不可数。故填approval。 43. The n__________ between the two companies was intense, but they were finally able to reach a mutually beneficial agreement. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】negotiation##egotiation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：两家公司之间的谈判非常激烈，但他们最终达成了一个互利的协议。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作主语。根据下文“they were finally able to reach a mutually beneficial agreement（他们最终达成了一个互利的协议）”可推理出上文应是指“两家公司进行了激烈的谈判”，根据首字母提示，以字母n开头且表示“谈判”含义的名词为：negotiation，故填negotiation。 44. Not everyone agrees to the plan. Some support it, while I am one of those who are o __________ to it. But I won’t change my mind. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】opposed##pposed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不是每个人都同意这个计划。有些人支持它，而我反对它。但我是不会改变主意的。分析句子结构可知，空白处应填形容词作表语，与前面的“support”形成对比，表示“反对”含义。根据首字母提示，以字母o开头且表示“反对”含义的形容词为：opposed，故填opposed。 45. We’ve have been working hard to overcome p_________against women in politics. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】prejudice##rejudice 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们一直在努力克服在政治上对妇女的偏见。根据句意及首字母提示可知，prejudice偏见，不可数名词，在句中作动词overcome的宾语，故填prejudice。 第三节 (共10 小题;每小题1分,满分 10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nanjing silk brocade (织棉), also called yunjin,____46____(literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China,____47____(make) brocades in a unique way. Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____48____(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the____49____(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements. Nanjing yunjin is a craft (手工艺) ____50____(date) back to 417 AD. In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage (遗产) with the____51____(approve) of the Chinese government. In 2009, it was selected and added____52____the UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games,____53____all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade. ____54____(survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. We hold the belief_____55_____it will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad. 【答案】46. literally 47. have made 48. is 49. valuable 50. dating 51. approval 52. to 53. where 54. Having survived 55. that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最著名的南京云锦的相关知识。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：南京丝锦，又名云锦，字面意思是云纹锦，因为它像日落时的云朵一样美丽。副词literally作状语，修饰动词means。故填literally。 【47题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：1600多年来，中国六大著名古都所在地南京的织工以独特的方式制作锦缎。make是谓语动词，结合For more than 1600 years可知，此处指过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语weavers复数，谓语复数形式。故填have made。 【48题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。“Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____3____(be) Nanjing yunjin”是“表语+连系动词+主语”构成的完全倒装结构，be是系动词，讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Nanjing yunjin单数，谓语单数形式。故填is。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。形容词valuable作定语，修饰名词experience。故填valuable。 【50题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：南京云锦是一种可以追溯到公元417年的工艺。本句已有系动词is且无连词，动词短语date back to (追溯到)用非谓语形式，date back to无被动形式，date back to用现在分词（doing）形式，主动表被动，做名词craft的后置定语。故填dating。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：2006年，经中国政府批准，南京云锦织机和技艺被列入第一批国家级文化遗产。the ____6____(approve) of the Chinese government是名词所有格结构，用抽象名词approval作宾语。故填approval。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：2009年，它被选入联合国教科文组织名单。固定搭配be added to (被增加到……)。故填to。 【53题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在2014年夏季青奥会上，云锦被用作南京的另一张名片，其使用的所有物品均由南京丝绸织锦制成。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 【54题详解】 考查现在分词完成式。句意：历经朝代和战争，南京云锦展现出强大的生命力。本句已有谓语proves且无连词，动词survive用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Nanjing yunjin与动词survive是主谓关系，且survive先发生在谓语proves之前，survive用现在分词完成式（having done）表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Having survived。 【55题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：我们相信，它将代代相传，并以现代化的方式呈现给国内外人民。该空引导同位语从句解释说明抽象名词belief的具体内容，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 56. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“My dream job”为题写一篇发言稿参赛. 内容包括： 1. 你的理想工作； 2. 你选择的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My dream job Good morning, everyone. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 My dream job Good morning, everyone. I feel it an honor to address a speech titled "My dream job". Of the wide range of jobs around us, I will choose to be a teacher. My mother accounts for my choice first. Her commitment to teaching and happiness of being a teacher motivate me. Additionally, it is the inquisitive faces from my future students that reinforce my idea. At last, I am eager to make a difference to those for whom education is their only ticket to success. Not only will I spare no effort to learn my lessons, but I will also develop some qualities required to be a good teacher. Thank you! 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校即将举行的演讲比赛写一篇题目为“My dream”的发言稿参赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发表演讲：address a speech→ deliver a speech 另外：additionally→ besides 不留余力做某事： spare no effort to do sth. →do one's level best to do sth. 激励：motivate → inspire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I feel it an honor to address a speech titled "My dream job". 拓展句： I feel it an honor to address a speech whose title is "My dream job". 【点睛】[高分句型1]Additionally, it is the inquisitive faces from my future students that reinforce my idea. （运用了that引导的限定性定语从句） [高分句型2]At last, I am eager to make a difference to those for whom education is their only ticket to success.（运用了介词for +which引导的限定性定语从句） 第二节(满分 25 分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Why do you want to be a teacher?” I never explain it without the usual obvious reasons, such as my love of children or wanting to make a difference. It was not until I met Kathy that I truly knew the reason I wanted to be a teacher. I was running a summer program. A seventh grader, a young girl walked through the door and I thought to myself, “This is going to be a long summer.” She was a student at my school, and I was well aware of who she was even though I was an eighth teacher. Her reserved place in the principal office was well known by the eight teachers as we prepared our sales for those students who were going to need extra attention. I racked my brain (绞尽脑汁) trying to figure out what I was going to do with her. I usually had my older students act as classroom helpers for the younger grades, so I decided that this would be a good spot for her. Little did I know how that one little decision would change my life. Kathy transformed before my eyes. She showed love and patience with the children in that classroom. She was responsible and caring and she began referring to those students as “her kids”. I witnessed a natural teacher blooming. I had an unforgettable summer with Kathy. Soon the school year began and Kathy and I were together again. This time I was her teacher. Kathy continued to volunteer with “her kids” at my after-school program. Her smile was infectious and her sense of humor amazing. Before graduation, Kathy thanked every person there for believing in her and giving her a chance. She was truly grateful. There was not a dry eye on the scene. We continued to keep in touch when Kathy went to high school and then university. Once she sent a letter to me, thanking me again, for giving her a chance and believing in her. She also stated that she had made her final decision and she was going to be a teacher! I don’t know I could have felt more pride than I did at that moment. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Several years later, I came across Kathy while shopping one afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now when I think about why I became a teacher I think of Kathy. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version Several years later, I came across Kathy while shopping one afternoon. You can imagine her excitement about our encounter. On seeing me, she cried with delight as she always did and gave me a huge smile and bear hug. And my happiness was no less than hers. Later, we shared a dinner. Over the dinner, she caught me up on everything that happened to her. She was a school teacher like me in a local school, getting along well with her kids. We chatted on and on, enjoying a wonderful evening. Now when I think about why I became a teacher I think of Kathy. She truly loved life and I felt so special to be once a part of her life. I have a picture we took together hanging in my classroom as a daily reminder of why I am there. Whenever there are students testing my patience, I think of Kathy and remember what a difference she made in my life. I wish every teacher a Kathy; I am truly honored and blessed to have her in my life.(158 words) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了身为教师的作者遇到了问题学生Kathy，然而作者的无心之举却永远地改变了Kathy的人生。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几年后的一天下午，我在购物时偶遇了Kathy。”可知，第一段可描写Kathy和作者偶遇后，两人一起共度美好的时光。 ②由第二段首句内容“现在当我想到我为什么成为一名教师时，我想到了Kathy。”可知，第二段可描写Kathy的改变让作者对于自己的职业有了全新的看法。 2.续写线索：遇到问题学生——觉得烦恼——变样——感激——偶遇——感触 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想象：imagine/conceive ②与人相处：get along with/get on with ③希望：wish/hope 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/thrill ②开心：happiness/joy/delight 【点睛】【高分句型1】Over the dinner, she caught me up on everything that happened to her.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I have a picture we took together hanging in my classroom as a daily reminder of why I am there.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句和why引导的宾语从句） 听力 1-5 ABCCA 6-10 BACAB 11-15 ABCBC 16-20 BCABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$