专题02 复习课(二)Units 8-10 重难点梳理-【暑假自学课】2024年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(牛津上海版)

2024-06-14
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语牛津上海版(试用本)(2007)七年级第二学期
年级 八年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2024-2025
地区(省份) 上海市
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发布时间 2024-06-14
更新时间 2024-06-14
作者 初高中原创精品库
品牌系列 上好课·暑假轻松学
审核时间 2024-06-14
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专题02 复习课(二) ·模块七 Unit8: A more enjoyable school life 核心知识梳理 ·模块八 Grammar8:重点语法 ·模块九 Unit9: The wind is blowing 核心知识梳理 ·模块十 Grammar9:形容词比较级和最高级、反身代词和物主代词 ·模块十一 Unit10: Water Festival 核心知识梳理 ·模块十二 Grammar10:When的用法 ·模块七 Unit8: A more enjoyable school life 核心知识梳理 1. Mr Hu wants his students to conduct a survey for the school. 胡老师想要他的学生为学校做一个调查。 conduct a survey意为“做调查;组织调查”。 want somebody to do something意为“想要某人做某事”。 I want you to be happy. 我希望你快乐。 would like也有类似的用法。 Would you like me to lend you some money?你想要我借些钱给你吗? 此外,ask,tell,advise,teach等动词后也常跟这样的结构,即动词+sb. +to do sth. 2. I'd like to have less homework.我希望作业减少一些。 这里的less是形容词little的比较级形式,修饰homework,表示“更少的作业”。由于homework是不可数名词,故用little/less修饰。修饰可数名词,如vegetables,则用few/fewer。 Judy made fewer mistakes in the test today. 朱迪在今天的测验中出错少了一些。 There's less rain this year. 今年的雨水偏少。 3. Our classroom looks old, untidy and uninteresting. 我们的教室看起来又旧又不整洁,缺乏生气。 这个句子的结构是“主语+系动词+形容词”,我们把这种结构称为“主(语)系(动词)表(语)”结构。形容词在句中作表语,修饰主语。句中的old,untidy和uninteresting都是形容词,用于修饰our classroom; look为系动词,意为“看上去”。我们所学过的系动词有look(看上去),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(感觉起来),become(变得),turn(变得),get(变得)等。 4. Can you make some changes to it yourselves? 你们自己能做一些改变吗? make some changes to…意为“针对……做一些改变”。这里的to为介词,意为“就;针对”。 ·模块八 Grammar8:重点语法 1. would like something和would like to do something的结构。 (1) Would you like…?可用来给出提议。 A: Would you like some coffee? 你想来点咖啡吗? B: No, thank you. 不了,谢谢。 A: Would you like some rice? 你想来些米饭吗? B: Yes, please. 好的。 A: What would you like, tea or coffee? 你想喝点什么,茶还是咖啡? B: Tea, please. 茶,谢谢。 (2)Would you like to…?可用来向别人发出邀请。 A: Would you like to have dinner with us on Sunday? 周日你想和我们一起吃饭吗? B: Yes, I'd love to. 我很乐意。 (3)另外,I'd like…是I want…的礼貌说法。 I'm thirsty. I'd like a drink. 我渴了,想喝杯饮料。 I'd like to see the film on television this evening. 今晚我想看电视上播放的电影。 指点迷津:Would you like…? 和 Do you like…? Would you like . . . ? /I'd like . . . Do you like ... ? / I like … ·Would you like some tea?=Do you want some tea? 你想来点茶吗? ·Do you like tea? =Do you think tea is nice?你喜欢喝茶吗? ·A: Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? (=Do you want to go to the cinema tonight?) 今晚你想去看电影吗? ·B:Yes, I'd love to. 我想去。 ·A: Do you like going to the cinema? (泛指)你喜欢看电影吗? ·B: Yes, I go to the cinema a lot. 是的,我经常去看电影 ·I'd like an orange, please.(=Can I have an orange? ) 我想要一个橘子,可以吗? ·I like oranges.(泛指)我喜欢橘子。 ·What would you like to do next weekend? 下周末你想做什么? ·What do you like to do at weekends?你周末都喜欢做些什么? 2. It would be possible to have more books in our library. 丰富我们校图书馆里的藏书是可以做到的。 “It would be+形容词+动词不定式”的结构与“It is+形容词+动词不定式”的结构所表达的含义接近,但有所区别。试比较: It is nice to eat ice cream in summer. 夏天吃冰淇淋很爽。① It would be nice to have a swimming pool in our school. 要是我们学校有一个游泳池多好。② 第①句表达的含义:夏天吃冰淇淋很不错。这个句子表达的是经常性发生的动作,是广泛的爱好。 第②句表达的含义:学校目前没有游泳池,但倘若有,就是一件不错的事情。它所表达的内容与现状相反,有假设的成分。 3. 反身代词使用时应与主语相呼应。下表为反身代词与人称代词主格形式的对应关系: 主格 I you he she it 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词有如下作用: (1) 作动词或介词的宾语,尤其常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,seat,dress,express,amuse,behave等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。如: He is teaching himself English. 他正在自学英语。 She was talking to herself. 那时她在自言自语。 He lives in the country by himself. 他独自住在乡下。 (2) 作主语的同位语,主要起加强语气的作用,意为“亲自;本身;本人”。 Did you make the cake yourself? 这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语) The work itself is easy. 这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语the work的同位语) (3) 作表语,常位于be,feel,look,seem等系动词后,表示身体或精神状态。 I’ m not myself today. 我今天不舒服。 I am feeling myself again. 我觉得身体舒服了。 (4) 用于一些简短的会话或固定用法中。 Help yourself! 请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧! Make yourself at home!别客气! Don't upset yourself! 别自寻烦恼! Make yourself heard/understood.使你自己被人听到/理解。 ·模块九 Unit9: The wind is blowing 核心知识梳理 1. I think Mr Sun is stronger than Mr Wind. 我认为太阳先生比风先生厉害。 I think后也可跟that引导的宾语从句,引导词that可以省略,表示“我认为……;我想……”的意思。 I think(that) you can do it yourself. 我认为你可以自己去做这件事。 I think(that) he has probably gone to Japan. 我想他大概是去日本了。 I think后如果跟否定句,须将否定成分转移到主句部分,即变为I don't think的结构。如: I don't think (that) he is a good boy. 我认为他不是一个好男孩。(√) I think (that) he isn't a good boy.(X) 此外,know,guess,remember,forget等词后也可跟类似结构。如: I know (that) he likes music. 我知道他喜欢音乐。 I guess (that)I will stay at home and study. 我猜我会待在家里学习。 有些形容词的用法,也和上述动词很像,如: I'm afraid (that)I can't go. 我恐怕去不了。I’m glad (that) you like Chinese food. 我很高兴你喜欢中国菜。 I'm sure (that) he stays at home. 我确定他待在家里。 2. Did Mr Wind and Mr Sun become friends in the end?风先生和太阳先生最后成为朋友了吗? become friends意为“成为朋友”。需要注意的是,这里必须使用friends这一名词复数形式,因为要成为朋友至少需要两个人。在Mr Wind and Mr Sun这则寓言中,还有be friends这个短语,也是“成为朋友”的意思。 Let's become friends! =Let's be friends! 让我们做朋友吧! 此外,如要表示“与……交朋友”,可用make friends with somebody的结构。 I want to make friends with Peter. 我想和彼得交朋友。 in the end意为“最后;终于”,与at last(最后,最终)以及finally(adv.最后;最终)意思相近。 In the end, things will mend. 【谚】车到山前必有路。 Peter and Tom made up in the end. 彼得和汤姆最后和解了。 第二个例句也可以说成: Finally, Peter and Tom made up. =At last, Peter and Tom made up. 3. He liked showing off his strength all the time. 他总是喜欢炫耀他的力量。 all the time意为“总是;一直”,与always意思相近。 I've kept on thinking about that all the time. 我一直惦记着那件事。 4. People always think that we're as strong as each other.人们总是认为咱俩力量相当。 as strong as意为“与……一样强壮”。as..as也用于事物的比较,两个as之间用形容词原形,我们称这种比较结构为“同级比较”。同级比较,就是比较后的结果是“和....一样”或“和……不一样”。同级比较的重点是说明两者一样或不一样,而不是要分出两者的好坏。所以,它的形容词不需要进行变化,用“原级”即可。 它的表达方式是: (1)两者一样:as十形容词原级十as,表示“A和B一样”的意思。 This building is as beautiful as that of yours. 这座大楼和你们的大楼一样漂亮。 His bedroom is as tidy as his old sister's. 他的卧室和他姐姐的一样整洁。 (2)两者不一样:否定句+as/so+形容词原级+as, 表示“A和B不一样”的意思。 He is not so tall as his father. 他没有他的父亲高。 It is not as hot as yesterday. 今天不像昨天那么热。 5. Soon it became warmer and warmer. 不久,天气变得越来越暖和。 我们常将两个形容词比较级用and连接起来,表示“越来越……;愈来愈……”的意思。如: The boy grows taller and taller. 这个男孩长得越来越高了。 When winter comes, days get shorter and shorter. 冬天来临的时候,白天就变得越来越短。 如所用形容词为多音节词时,则用“more and more+形容词原级”的结构。 She is more and more beautiful. 她越来越漂亮了。 China is playing a more and more important role in the world. 中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色。 6. Today, I'm going to teach you how to make a kite. 今天,我要教你们如何做风筝。 句中画线部分是疑问词后加动词不定式的结构,这样的结构常常跟在某个动词后作宾语。本例中的how to make a kite是动词teach的宾语。又如: Can you tell me where to go? 你可以告诉我应该去哪里吗? Do you know when to set off? 你知道什么时候出发吗? Please tell me what to do next. 请你告诉我接下来要做什么。 7. To makeakite, you need some thin sticks, some pieces of coloured paper and a reel of string. 要做一个风筝,你需要一些细的木棍、几张彩纸和一卷细绳。 这里的动词不定式表示目的。 To answer this question, you need to do a survey first. 要回答这个问题,你需要先做一个调查。 To find out the thief, the police searched nearly everywhere. 为了找到那个小偷,警察几乎搜查了所有地方。 8. Finally, tie the frame to a reel of string. 最后,把这个(风筝的)骨架系在一卷细绳上。 tie…to…意为“将……系在……上”。 The robber tied him to a chair. 强盗把他捆在椅子上。 有同学经常误把tie A with B理解为“将A和B绑在一起”,而这个结构实际上表示“用B将A绑起来”的意思。 He tied the papers with string. 他用绳子把报纸捆起来. 我们常用tie A and B表示“将A和B绑在一起”。 Please tie this stick and the pencil together. 请把这根棍子和这支铅笔绑在一起。 ·模块十 Grammar9:形容词比较级和最高级、反身代词和物主代词 1. 形容词比较级的构成: (1)通常是在形容词后面加上-er,形成比较级。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 clean cleaner(比较干净的;更干净的) tall taller(比较高的;更高的) (2)原形容词词尾已有字母-e时,则只在形容词词尾加-r。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 nice nicer(比较好的;更好的) brave braver(比较勇敢的;更勇敢的) (3)原形容词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,则先去掉字母y,再加-ier。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 happy happier(比较快乐的;更快乐的) friendly friendlier(比较友善的;更友善的) (4)原形容词词尾有“辅元辅”现象(即后三个字母的排列是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”)时,则要双写词末的辅音字母,再加-er。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 big bigger(比较大的;更大的) sad sadder(比较悲伤的;更悲伤的) (5)部分双音节形容词及三音节以上的形容词,只需在其前加more便构成比较级。(注意:more后的形容词须用原级。) 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 beautiful more beautiful(比较美丽的,更美丽的) comfortable more comfortable,比较舒适的;更舒适的) (6)不规则变化形式,须一一记忆。 原级 比较级 原级、 比较级 many/much more(比较多的;更多的) good/well better(比较好的;更好的) bad worse(比较坏的,更坏的) little less(比较少的;更少的) 比较级句型:对象A+动词+比较级(有时加名词)+than+对象B(意为“A比B……”)。 John is taller than Mary. 约翰比玛丽高。 We are happier than they are/them. 我们比他们快乐。 He is shorter than I am/me. 他比我矮。 Mary is more beautiful than Ann. 玛丽比安漂亮。 【注意】(1)这种句型中的动词不一定是be,也可以是一般动词; (2)比较级之后可视需要加名词。 John has more books than Mary. 约翰拥有的书比玛丽多。 2. 形容词最高级的构成: (1)通常只在形容词的原级后加上-est即可。 原 级 比较级 最高级 cold colder coldest(最冷的) young younger youngest(最年轻的) fast faster fastest(最快的;最快地) cheap cheaper cheapest(最便宜的) (2)原形容词词尾是字母e时,则只在形容词词尾加-st。 原 级 比较级 最高级 large larger largest(最大的) nice nicer nicest(最好的) (3)原形容词词尾是“辅音字母+y”时,则先去掉字母y,再加-iest。 原 级 比较级 最高级 dry drier driest(最干的) easy easier easiest(最容易的) pretty prettier prettiest(最美丽的) (4)原形容词词尾的三个字母是“辅元辅”结构时,则要双写词末辅音字母,再加-est。 原 级 比较级 最高级 big bigger biggest(最大的) hot hotter hottest(最热的) thin thinner thinnest(最瘦的) wet wetter wettest(最潮湿的) (5)部分双音节及三音节以上的形容词,在其前加most。 原 级 比较级 最高级 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful(最漂亮的) comfortable more comfortable most comfortable(最舒适的) difficult more difficult most difficult(最困难的) expensive more expensive most expensive(最昂贵的) (6)不规则变化形式,须一一记忆。 原 级 比较级 最高级 bad worse worst(最差的) good/well better best(最佳的) many/much more most(最多的) 【注意】 形容词最高级前须加the。 形容词最高级的常见句型是:主语十动词+the+形容词最高级(+in/on/at...+群体)。 Tom is the best student in class. 汤姆是班级里最优秀的学生。 They are the most expensive. 它们是价钱最贵的。 Which watch is the cheapest? 哪块手表最便宜? 【注意】 形容词最高级的用法并不仅限于上述句型。 The largest one is the cheapest. 最大的那个是最便宜的。 The oldest student in her class is 73 years old. 她班上年纪最大的学生73岁。 Can you give me the prettiest dress? 你能把最漂亮的连衣裙给我吗? Jane has the longest hair. 简的头发最长。 3. 人称代词与物主代词列表如下: 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称单数形式 I me my mine 第二人称单数形式 you you your yours 第三人称单数形式 he she it him her it his her its his hers its 第一人称复数形式 we us our ours 第二人称复数形式 you you your yours 第三人称复数形式 they them their theirs (1)名词性物主代词的句法功能 作主语:May I use your pen? Yours works better. 我可以用一下你的钢笔吗?你的更好用。 作宾语:I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 我和你一样爱自己的祖国。 作介词宾语:You should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours. 你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话,而不能按你自己的意义去解释。 作主语补语:The red scarf is hers. 这个红色的围巾是她的。 (2)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 为避免重复使用名词,有时可用名词性物主代词来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的结构。 My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 我的包是黄色的,她的(包)是红色,他的(包)是蓝色,而你的(包)是粉红色。 为避免重复使用bag,上例可改写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink. ·模块十一 Unit10: Water Festival 核心知识梳理 1. Next, make ice cubes out of the different kinds of fruit juice. 接着,把不同的果汁做成冰块。 make…out of意为‘‘用……来制作……”。 Many things are made out of bamboo. 很多东西是由竹子制作的。 Some children make lanterns out of pumpkins at Halloween. 万圣节时,一些孩子用南瓜做灯笼。 different kinds of意为“不同种类的”。 She offered us five different kinds of cakes. 她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。 2. Then pour the lemonade into a glass. 然后,把柠檬水倒入一个玻璃杯中。 pour…into… 意为“将……倒人……中”。 I've poured coffee into your cup by mistake. 我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。 3. Finally, add the ice cubes to the lemonade. 最后,把冰块加入柠檬水中。 add…to…意为“将……加入……中”。 Many words have been added to this edition of the dictionary. 这本词典的这一版新增了很多词。 4. The iced fruit punch is ready. 冰镇水果宾治就做好了。 ready为形容词,意为“准备好的”。ready有如下用法: (1) be ready表示“准备好了”。 Dinner is ready. 晚饭准备好了。 Are you ready? 你(们)准备好了吗? (2) be ready for…=get ready for…=prepare for…意为“为....做准备”。 They are getting ready for the exam. 他们正在为考试做准备。 (3) be ready to do something=get ready to do something意为“准备做某事;乐意做某事”。 Are you getting ready to run?你们准备好跑步了吗? Lei Feng was always ready to help others. 雷锋总是乐于助人。 5. I've got some questions for you to think about. 我有一些问题要让你们思考。 get something for somebody是“为……准备好……”的意思,不能改写为get somebody something的形式。 Have you got invitations for all the guests? 你为所有的客人都准备好请帖了吗? get something for somebody意为“为……买……’’时,相当于:get somebody something。 Let me get you a new pair of jeans! =Let me get a new pair of jeans for you. 让我给你买条新牛仔裤吧! 6. Look at the outside of the glass. 看看玻璃杯的外面。 本例中的outside是名词,意为“外头;外部;外面;外侧;外表”,其反义词为inside(意为“内侧;内道;内部;里面”)。the outside of意为“……的外部;……的表面”。 The outside of the house is painted white. 房子外部漆成白色了。 7. Make a hole at the bottom of the paper cup and on one side of the lunch box lid. 在纸杯的底部和快餐盒盖子的一边各戳一个小洞。 at the bottom of意为“在……的底部:在……尽头”。 The fisherman found a jar at the bottom of the lake. 这个渔夫在湖底发现了一个罐子。 其反义词组为on top of(在……顶端)。 There's a pub at the bottom of the road. 路的尽头有一家酒馆。 on one side of意为“在……一面;在……的一边”。 Write on one side of the paper only. 只在纸的一面写字。 On one side of the window was a mirror, and on the other was a painting. 窗户的一边是一面镜子,另一边挂着一幅画。 8. Connect the holes in the lid and the cup with the straw. 用吸管将盖子和纸杯的小洞连起来。 connect…with...是“用……将……连起来”的意思。 They connected the two cars together with a chain. 他们用一根链子将两辆车连了起来。 connect…with还有“把……联系起来”的意思。 There was nothing to connect him with the crime. 他与那起犯罪毫无关联。 9. Fishing is not allowed. 禁止钓鱼。 fish在这里是动词,意为“钓鱼”。由于fish在这里作主语,而主语一般由名词或代词充当,因此,须使用动名词(即动词ing形式)。 Running is my favourite sport. 跑步是我最喜欢的运动。 Learning English becomes more and more important in our daily life. 在我们的日常生活中,学习英语变得越来越重要。 be allowed意为“被允许”,是被动语态结构。很多规则可以用be( not) allowed的结构来表达。 Ball games are not allowed here. 此处不允许进行球类游戏。 Cycling is allowed here. 此处可以骑车。 要表达“被允许做某事”或“不允许做某事”的意思,则使用be(not)allowed to do something的结构。 You are allowed to cycle here. 你可以在此处骑车。 You are not allowed to park here. 你不可以在此处停车。 ·模块十二 Grammar10:When的用法 ★When的用法 (一)作为副词,它有以下的用法: 1. 作为疑问副词,引导特殊疑问句,意为“什么时候;何时”,例如: (1) When will they come back? (2)What time will they come back? 回答when引导的从句,不一定指出具体的时间点。如回答句(1)可用tomorrow, next month等。 2. 作连接副词,引导名词性从句或不定式,意为“什么时候”。从句使用陈述句语序,时态根据实际情况而定。 Have you decided when to go sightseeing?你们已经决定什么时候去郊游了吗?(when引导不定式结构) (二)作为从属连词,引导状语从句,表示多种语法意义: 表示时间,意为“当……时,在……的时候”。 A. 在时间、条件等状语从句里,用一般现在时表示将来时,当需要表达将来完成的意义时,必须使用现在完成时来代替。如: When you see him, please say hello to him. 见到他时,代我问他好。 B. 表示过去发生的事情,在when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,动作发生在先的用过去完成时,在后的用过去时。如: When I was in Japan, I bought some beautiful pearls. 我在日本时,买了一些漂亮的珍珠。 ★No ball games. 禁止球类游戏。 除了使用祈使句及带有情态动词的句子表示不同的规则之外,我们也可以使用no来表示禁止某项活动的规则,no后一般可加名词或动词ing形式。本例中的句子也相当于Don't play ball games!或We mustn't play ball games here!。使用no的句子表达各类规则时显得更为简练。 No U-turn!禁止调头! No parking here!此处禁止停车! 1.Jill was 10 years old. ________ was old enough to go to school ________. A.She;  she B.She;  herself C.She;  her D.Her;  she 2.Lily thinks swimming is ________ than running and I agree with her. A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.the hardest 3.Daming thinks Superman is ___________ than Spider Man. A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.the strongest 4.Mary sang much ________ than before. A.sweet B.sweeter C.sweetest D.the sweetest 5.—Could you _________ what happened then, please? —No problem. A.invent B.explain C.expect D.encourage 6.—_________ you play tennis? —No, I can’t. But I’m good at football. A.Can B.Could C.May D.Must 7.The PE teacher ________ be thirsty in the hot sun. Let’s take a bottle of water for him. A.can B.may C.must D.should 8.The hotel manager gave John and Mary the keys to their rooms in the morning. But John can’t find _________ now. A.he B.him C.his D.himself 9.—Jack, you don’t look well. You’d better take ________ temperature. —I’m OK. It’s just a cold. A.its B.your C.his D.her 10.—Lily, where did you buy ________ new dress? —I bought it in a clothing store. A.your B.his C.her D.my 11.I explained the poem in _________ own words, and I hope the teacher will like it. A.me B.my C.mine D.myself 12.Would you please show me _________ choice, Jenny? A.your B.yours C.you D.yourselves 13.—What happened to Molly? —She hurt ________ while she was running on the playground. A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself 14.—Sally could look after ________ when she was six. —Really? I can’t believe it. A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself 15.—Who cried in your office this afternoon, Mr. Smith? —A boy did. He hurt ________ in P. E. class. A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself 16.Whenever you are in trouble, please remember to cheer ________ up. A.ourselves B.yourself C.himself D.myself 17.Tina is old enough to look after ________, so she won’t depend on her parents too much. A.she B.her C.hers D.herself 18.The bridge in our village is one of ________ stone bridges in the world. A.old B.older C.oldest D.the oldest 19.Superman is strong and brave. He ________ fly through the sky and fight bad people. A.could B.can C.must D.need 20.—What’s the temperature today? —21℃–36℃. It’s _______ day of the year. A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest 21.Darren is only 12 years old, but he is ________ than his mother now. A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest 22.Space clothes are much ________ than our common clothes. A.heavy B.heavier C.the heavier D.the heaviest 23.—Could you please feed the chickens? —Sorry, I ________. A.can’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 24.—Mum, ________ I invite my friend Tom to our home tomorrow night, please? —Of course you can. But remember to clean your room first! A.can B.must C.should D.need 25.—Can you help me? —________. How can I help? A.Thank you B.No problem C.You’re welcome D.That’s good news 26.The weather report said that the strongest storm ________ happen in this area tomorrow. A.must B.should C.may D.need 27.In order to make no mistakes, she does her homework ________. A.careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enough D.enough carefully 28.I was playing the piano when it ________ to rain heavily. A.begins B.began C.begin D.was beginning 29.— ________ I return the book tomorrow? —No, you needn’t. A.Shall B.Could C.Must D.Can 30.Linda was just going out shopping ________ the telephone rang. A.while B.when C.as soon as D.so that 31.I ________ down the street when the dark clouds appeared in the sky. A.walking B.walked C.walk D.was walking 32.We must look carefully ________ we cross the busy road. A.as soon as B.after C.if D.when 33.The office worker was looking at a postcard sadly _________ his workmate came in. A.while B.when C.after D.before 34.The girl with her parents ________ on the farm ________ the rainstorm came. A.were playing; when B.was playing; while C.was playing; when D.were playing; while 35.Tom is a friend of ________. A.we B.us C.mine D.my 36.—You don’t look well. Let me take ______ temperature. —Nothing serious. I didn’t sleep well last night. A.my B.you C.your D.yours 37.This is ________ friend, Tom. A.I B.my C.me D.mine 38.______ school is a good place to study. In my heart, it is much better than ______. A.Our; you B.We; yours C.Our; yours D.We; you 39.—Excuse me, can I turn on the air-conditioner?  It’s a bit hot inside. —________. A.You are welcome B.Not at all C.I don’t think so D.Go ahead, please 40.Alex and Tom both like math. ________ dreams are to be math teachers. A.Your B.Her C.Their D.Our 41.I know I have to express ________ clearly about this matter. A.I B.me C.my D.myself 42.Jenny is growing fast. She is old enough to dress ______ now. A.her B.herself C.him D.himself 43.—Where did you get this lantern?   —I made it by _____. A.itself B.himself C.myself D.yourself 44.—Jack says he can write a 10,000-word report in only a few minutes. —Is he joking? He _________ use the new AI tool—ChatGPT. He is always weak in writing. A.may B.can C.should D.must 45.—Linda isn’t old enough to look after ________. —Don’t worry. I can help her. A.she B.her C.hers D.herself 46.The twins are happy to see ________ in the mirror. A.them B.themselves C.they D.their 47.As we grow older, we should learn to take care of ________. A.we B.us C.our D.ourselves 48.—The children enjoyed ________ in this after-school activity. —That’s true. A.they B.them C.themselves D.their 49.The house stands by ______. There is no other house around. A.itself B.yourself C.yourselves D.themselves 50.The electric light bulb (电灯泡), one of ________ best-known inventions by Edison, has made ________ big difference to the world. A.the; / B./; / C./; a D.the; a 51.— _________ you swim? —Yes, but I am not a good swimmer. A.Can B.Must C.May D.Should 52.Tim is ________ player in the school basketball team, but he is the best. A.short B.shorter C.shortest D.the shortest 53.The Caspian Sea is ________ salt lake in the world. A.deep B.deeper C.deepest D.the deepest 54.Of all the streets in Beijing, Chang’an Street is ______. A.wide B.wider C.widest D.the widest 55.Haituo Mountain is _______ mountain in Yanqing. A.high B.higher C.highest D.the highest 56.Come here at the Spring Festival! You can buy ________ clothes in a year. A.the cheapest B.cheaper C.the worst D.worse 57.Lisa likes all the scarves, but she bought the ______ one to save money. A.cheaper B.cheapest C.more expensive D.most expensive 58.The stone is so heavy, even the ________ student in my class can’t move it. A.thinner B.thinnest C.stronger D.strongest 59.Friendship is one of ________ things that we can enjoy in our life. A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest 60.China is one of the oldest ________ in the world. A.country B.countries C.city D.cities 61.—Which country has the ________ population in the world? —China. There are more people there than any other country in the world. A.fewest B.biggest C.smallest D.most 62.—China has the________ population in the world. —Yes, and it’s also one of the strongest countries. A.many B.most C.big D.biggest 63.Grace is ________ than before. She can finish her homework very well. A.careful B.more careful C.most careful D.the most careful 64.Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ________ than before. A.cheap B.more cheaper C.much cheaper D.the cheapest 65.Qomolangma is 8848.86 meters high. It’s ______ than any other mountain in the world. A.higher B.the highest C.deeper D.the deepest 66.I am a ________ volleyball player than Mia. A.good B.better C.best D.the best 67.—Could we play football after the movie, Mum? —No, you ________. You must finish your homework first. A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.couldn’t 68.The Tower of Pisa was built to be _________ than any other bell tower in Italy. A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 69.The Yangtze River is longer than ________ river in China. A.another B.the other C.any other D.any 70.The red pencil is ________ than the green one. A.short B.nice C.shorter D.the shortest 71.China has a ________ population than any other country in the world. A.more B.most C.bigger D.biggest 72.We have cleaned up the waste in the river, so it is ________ than before. A.cleaner B.cleanest C.dirtier D.dirtiest 73.The ________ you study, the ________ grades you will get. A.harder; good B.harder; well C.harder; better D.hard; better 74.Qingdu Mountain is very popular and ________ tourists visit it year by year. A.more and more B.fewer and fewer C.less and less D.more or less 75.Lucy was ________ than her brother. She made no mistakes. A.more careful B.more careless C.the most careful D.the most careless 76.The Nile is longer than ________ river in the world. A.any B.any other C.the other D.another 77.—How hard you are working, Helen! —We must! President Xi said that ________ we are, ________ we will be. A.the more hard-working; the luckier B.the hard-working; the lucky C.more hard-working; luckier D.the most hard-working; the luckiest 78.If we cut down too many trees, there will be ________ tigers than before. A.many B.more C.few D.fewer 79.Helping others makes us very ________. A.lonely B.careful C.proud D.harmful 80.Tom acted ________ than any other actor in the play. A.carefully B.more careful C.most carefully D.more carefully 81.Although she is eighty-five, she ________ still read without glasses. A.could B.might C.must D.can 82.It seemed ________ they were speaking to me in person. A.that B.why C.what D.if 83.—Su Yiming won the first prize in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. —Really? It’s hard to a 17-year-old boy can play snowboarding so well. A.achieve B.realize C.imagine D.encourage 84.—Must I go out to have dinner with you, Mom? —No, you ________, my dear. You’re free to make your own decision. A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.can’t 85.—Could I use your umbrella for a while? —Yes, of course you ________. A.could B.will C.can D.should 86.—_________ I touch the electric kettle now, Mum? —No you mustn’t. It’s still very hot, you may get burnt. A.Must B.Should C.Need D.Can 87.—You look so ________. What’s wrong? —I went to bed too late last night. A.sleepy B.strict C.lovely D.polite 88.My brother does well at school. My parents and I ________ him. A.are worried about B.are proud of C.are patient with D.are careful with 89.The Amazon River is longer than ________ river in Asia, including the Yangtze River. A.any other B.the other C.other D.any 90.Sometimes the teacher found ________ difficult to hear his words ________. A.it’s; clearly B.it; clear C.it’s; clear D.it; clearly 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 复习课(二) ·模块七 Unit8: A more enjoyable school life 核心知识梳理 ·模块八 Grammar8:重点语法 ·模块九 Unit9: The wind is blowing 核心知识梳理 ·模块十 Grammar9:形容词比较级和最高级、反身代词和物主代词 ·模块十一 Unit10: Water Festival 核心知识梳理 ·模块十二 Grammar10:When的用法 ·模块七 Unit8: A more enjoyable school life 核心知识梳理 1. Mr Hu wants his students to conduct a survey for the school. 胡老师想要他的学生为学校做一个调查。 conduct a survey意为“做调查;组织调查”。 want somebody to do something意为“想要某人做某事”。 I want you to be happy. 我希望你快乐。 would like也有类似的用法。 Would you like me to lend you some money?你想要我借些钱给你吗? 此外,ask,tell,advise,teach等动词后也常跟这样的结构,即动词+sb. +to do sth. 2. I'd like to have less homework.我希望作业减少一些。 这里的less是形容词little的比较级形式,修饰homework,表示“更少的作业”。由于homework是不可数名词,故用little/less修饰。修饰可数名词,如vegetables,则用few/fewer。 Judy made fewer mistakes in the test today. 朱迪在今天的测验中出错少了一些。 There's less rain this year. 今年的雨水偏少。 3. Our classroom looks old, untidy and uninteresting. 我们的教室看起来又旧又不整洁,缺乏生气。 这个句子的结构是“主语+系动词+形容词”,我们把这种结构称为“主(语)系(动词)表(语)”结构。形容词在句中作表语,修饰主语。句中的old,untidy和uninteresting都是形容词,用于修饰our classroom; look为系动词,意为“看上去”。我们所学过的系动词有look(看上去),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(感觉起来),become(变得),turn(变得),get(变得)等。 4. Can you make some changes to it yourselves? 你们自己能做一些改变吗? make some changes to…意为“针对……做一些改变”。这里的to为介词,意为“就;针对”。 ·模块八 Grammar8:重点语法 1. would like something和would like to do something的结构。 (1) Would you like…?可用来给出提议。 A: Would you like some coffee? 你想来点咖啡吗? B: No, thank you. 不了,谢谢。 A: Would you like some rice? 你想来些米饭吗? B: Yes, please. 好的。 A: What would you like, tea or coffee? 你想喝点什么,茶还是咖啡? B: Tea, please. 茶,谢谢。 (2)Would you like to…?可用来向别人发出邀请。 A: Would you like to have dinner with us on Sunday? 周日你想和我们一起吃饭吗? B: Yes, I'd love to. 我很乐意。 (3)另外,I'd like…是I want…的礼貌说法。 I'm thirsty. I'd like a drink. 我渴了,想喝杯饮料。 I'd like to see the film on television this evening. 今晚我想看电视上播放的电影。 指点迷津:Would you like…? 和 Do you like…? Would you like . . . ? /I'd like . . . Do you like ... ? / I like … ·Would you like some tea?=Do you want some tea? 你想来点茶吗? ·Do you like tea? =Do you think tea is nice?你喜欢喝茶吗? ·A: Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? (=Do you want to go to the cinema tonight?) 今晚你想去看电影吗? ·B:Yes, I'd love to. 我想去。 ·A: Do you like going to the cinema? (泛指)你喜欢看电影吗? ·B: Yes, I go to the cinema a lot. 是的,我经常去看电影 ·I'd like an orange, please.(=Can I have an orange? ) 我想要一个橘子,可以吗? ·I like oranges.(泛指)我喜欢橘子。 ·What would you like to do next weekend? 下周末你想做什么? ·What do you like to do at weekends?你周末都喜欢做些什么? 2. It would be possible to have more books in our library. 丰富我们校图书馆里的藏书是可以做到的。 “It would be+形容词+动词不定式”的结构与“It is+形容词+动词不定式”的结构所表达的含义接近,但有所区别。试比较: It is nice to eat ice cream in summer. 夏天吃冰淇淋很爽。① It would be nice to have a swimming pool in our school. 要是我们学校有一个游泳池多好。② 第①句表达的含义:夏天吃冰淇淋很不错。这个句子表达的是经常性发生的动作,是广泛的爱好。 第②句表达的含义:学校目前没有游泳池,但倘若有,就是一件不错的事情。它所表达的内容与现状相反,有假设的成分。 3. 反身代词使用时应与主语相呼应。下表为反身代词与人称代词主格形式的对应关系: 主格 I you he she it 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词有如下作用: (1) 作动词或介词的宾语,尤其常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,seat,dress,express,amuse,behave等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。如: He is teaching himself English. 他正在自学英语。 She was talking to herself. 那时她在自言自语。 He lives in the country by himself. 他独自住在乡下。 (2) 作主语的同位语,主要起加强语气的作用,意为“亲自;本身;本人”。 Did you make the cake yourself? 这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语) The work itself is easy. 这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语the work的同位语) (3) 作表语,常位于be,feel,look,seem等系动词后,表示身体或精神状态。 I’ m not myself today. 我今天不舒服。 I am feeling myself again. 我觉得身体舒服了。 (4) 用于一些简短的会话或固定用法中。 Help yourself! 请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧! Make yourself at home!别客气! Don't upset yourself! 别自寻烦恼! Make yourself heard/understood.使你自己被人听到/理解。 ·模块九 Unit9: The wind is blowing 核心知识梳理 1. I think Mr Sun is stronger than Mr Wind. 我认为太阳先生比风先生厉害。 I think后也可跟that引导的宾语从句,引导词that可以省略,表示“我认为……;我想……”的意思。 I think(that) you can do it yourself. 我认为你可以自己去做这件事。 I think(that) he has probably gone to Japan. 我想他大概是去日本了。 I think后如果跟否定句,须将否定成分转移到主句部分,即变为I don't think的结构。如: I don't think (that) he is a good boy. 我认为他不是一个好男孩。(√) I think (that) he isn't a good boy.(X) 此外,know,guess,remember,forget等词后也可跟类似结构。如: I know (that) he likes music. 我知道他喜欢音乐。 I guess (that)I will stay at home and study. 我猜我会待在家里学习。 有些形容词的用法,也和上述动词很像,如: I'm afraid (that)I can't go. 我恐怕去不了。I’m glad (that) you like Chinese food. 我很高兴你喜欢中国菜。 I'm sure (that) he stays at home. 我确定他待在家里。 2. Did Mr Wind and Mr Sun become friends in the end?风先生和太阳先生最后成为朋友了吗? become friends意为“成为朋友”。需要注意的是,这里必须使用friends这一名词复数形式,因为要成为朋友至少需要两个人。在Mr Wind and Mr Sun这则寓言中,还有be friends这个短语,也是“成为朋友”的意思。 Let's become friends! =Let's be friends! 让我们做朋友吧! 此外,如要表示“与……交朋友”,可用make friends with somebody的结构。 I want to make friends with Peter. 我想和彼得交朋友。 in the end意为“最后;终于”,与at last(最后,最终)以及finally(adv.最后;最终)意思相近。 In the end, things will mend. 【谚】车到山前必有路。 Peter and Tom made up in the end. 彼得和汤姆最后和解了。 第二个例句也可以说成: Finally, Peter and Tom made up. =At last, Peter and Tom made up. 3. He liked showing off his strength all the time. 他总是喜欢炫耀他的力量。 all the time意为“总是;一直”,与always意思相近。 I've kept on thinking about that all the time. 我一直惦记着那件事。 4. People always think that we're as strong as each other.人们总是认为咱俩力量相当。 as strong as意为“与……一样强壮”。as..as也用于事物的比较,两个as之间用形容词原形,我们称这种比较结构为“同级比较”。同级比较,就是比较后的结果是“和....一样”或“和……不一样”。同级比较的重点是说明两者一样或不一样,而不是要分出两者的好坏。所以,它的形容词不需要进行变化,用“原级”即可。 它的表达方式是: (1)两者一样:as十形容词原级十as,表示“A和B一样”的意思。 This building is as beautiful as that of yours. 这座大楼和你们的大楼一样漂亮。 His bedroom is as tidy as his old sister's. 他的卧室和他姐姐的一样整洁。 (2)两者不一样:否定句+as/so+形容词原级+as, 表示“A和B不一样”的意思。 He is not so tall as his father. 他没有他的父亲高。 It is not as hot as yesterday. 今天不像昨天那么热。 5. Soon it became warmer and warmer. 不久,天气变得越来越暖和。 我们常将两个形容词比较级用and连接起来,表示“越来越……;愈来愈……”的意思。如: The boy grows taller and taller. 这个男孩长得越来越高了。 When winter comes, days get shorter and shorter. 冬天来临的时候,白天就变得越来越短。 如所用形容词为多音节词时,则用“more and more+形容词原级”的结构。 She is more and more beautiful. 她越来越漂亮了。 China is playing a more and more important role in the world. 中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色。 6. Today, I'm going to teach you how to make a kite. 今天,我要教你们如何做风筝。 句中画线部分是疑问词后加动词不定式的结构,这样的结构常常跟在某个动词后作宾语。本例中的how to make a kite是动词teach的宾语。又如: Can you tell me where to go? 你可以告诉我应该去哪里吗? Do you know when to set off? 你知道什么时候出发吗? Please tell me what to do next. 请你告诉我接下来要做什么。 7. To makeakite, you need some thin sticks, some pieces of coloured paper and a reel of string. 要做一个风筝,你需要一些细的木棍、几张彩纸和一卷细绳。 这里的动词不定式表示目的。 To answer this question, you need to do a survey first. 要回答这个问题,你需要先做一个调查。 To find out the thief, the police searched nearly everywhere. 为了找到那个小偷,警察几乎搜查了所有地方。 8. Finally, tie the frame to a reel of string. 最后,把这个(风筝的)骨架系在一卷细绳上。 tie…to…意为“将……系在……上”。 The robber tied him to a chair. 强盗把他捆在椅子上。 有同学经常误把tie A with B理解为“将A和B绑在一起”,而这个结构实际上表示“用B将A绑起来”的意思。 He tied the papers with string. 他用绳子把报纸捆起来. 我们常用tie A and B表示“将A和B绑在一起”。 Please tie this stick and the pencil together. 请把这根棍子和这支铅笔绑在一起。 ·模块十 Grammar9:形容词比较级和最高级、反身代词和物主代词 1. 形容词比较级的构成: (1)通常是在形容词后面加上-er,形成比较级。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 clean cleaner(比较干净的;更干净的) tall taller(比较高的;更高的) (2)原形容词词尾已有字母-e时,则只在形容词词尾加-r。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 nice nicer(比较好的;更好的) brave braver(比较勇敢的;更勇敢的) (3)原形容词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,则先去掉字母y,再加-ier。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 happy happier(比较快乐的;更快乐的) friendly friendlier(比较友善的;更友善的) (4)原形容词词尾有“辅元辅”现象(即后三个字母的排列是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”)时,则要双写词末的辅音字母,再加-er。 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 big bigger(比较大的;更大的) sad sadder(比较悲伤的;更悲伤的) (5)部分双音节形容词及三音节以上的形容词,只需在其前加more便构成比较级。(注意:more后的形容词须用原级。) 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 beautiful more beautiful(比较美丽的,更美丽的) comfortable more comfortable,比较舒适的;更舒适的) (6)不规则变化形式,须一一记忆。 原级 比较级 原级、 比较级 many/much more(比较多的;更多的) good/well better(比较好的;更好的) bad worse(比较坏的,更坏的) little less(比较少的;更少的) 比较级句型:对象A+动词+比较级(有时加名词)+than+对象B(意为“A比B……”)。 John is taller than Mary. 约翰比玛丽高。 We are happier than they are/them. 我们比他们快乐。 He is shorter than I am/me. 他比我矮。 Mary is more beautiful than Ann. 玛丽比安漂亮。 【注意】(1)这种句型中的动词不一定是be,也可以是一般动词; (2)比较级之后可视需要加名词。 John has more books than Mary. 约翰拥有的书比玛丽多。 2. 形容词最高级的构成: (1)通常只在形容词的原级后加上-est即可。 原 级 比较级 最高级 cold colder coldest(最冷的) young younger youngest(最年轻的) fast faster fastest(最快的;最快地) cheap cheaper cheapest(最便宜的) (2)原形容词词尾是字母e时,则只在形容词词尾加-st。 原 级 比较级 最高级 large larger largest(最大的) nice nicer nicest(最好的) (3)原形容词词尾是“辅音字母+y”时,则先去掉字母y,再加-iest。 原 级 比较级 最高级 dry drier driest(最干的) easy easier easiest(最容易的) pretty prettier prettiest(最美丽的) (4)原形容词词尾的三个字母是“辅元辅”结构时,则要双写词末辅音字母,再加-est。 原 级 比较级 最高级 big bigger biggest(最大的) hot hotter hottest(最热的) thin thinner thinnest(最瘦的) wet wetter wettest(最潮湿的) (5)部分双音节及三音节以上的形容词,在其前加most。 原 级 比较级 最高级 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful(最漂亮的) comfortable more comfortable most comfortable(最舒适的) difficult more difficult most difficult(最困难的) expensive more expensive most expensive(最昂贵的) (6)不规则变化形式,须一一记忆。 原 级 比较级 最高级 bad worse worst(最差的) good/well better best(最佳的) many/much more most(最多的) 【注意】 形容词最高级前须加the。 形容词最高级的常见句型是:主语十动词+the+形容词最高级(+in/on/at...+群体)。 Tom is the best student in class. 汤姆是班级里最优秀的学生。 They are the most expensive. 它们是价钱最贵的。 Which watch is the cheapest? 哪块手表最便宜? 【注意】 形容词最高级的用法并不仅限于上述句型。 The largest one is the cheapest. 最大的那个是最便宜的。 The oldest student in her class is 73 years old. 她班上年纪最大的学生73岁。 Can you give me the prettiest dress? 你能把最漂亮的连衣裙给我吗? Jane has the longest hair. 简的头发最长。 3. 人称代词与物主代词列表如下: 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称单数形式 I me my mine 第二人称单数形式 you you your yours 第三人称单数形式 he she it him her it his her its his hers its 第一人称复数形式 we us our ours 第二人称复数形式 you you your yours 第三人称复数形式 they them their theirs (1)名词性物主代词的句法功能 作主语:May I use your pen? Yours works better. 我可以用一下你的钢笔吗?你的更好用。 作宾语:I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 我和你一样爱自己的祖国。 作介词宾语:You should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours. 你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话,而不能按你自己的意义去解释。 作主语补语:The red scarf is hers. 这个红色的围巾是她的。 (2)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 为避免重复使用名词,有时可用名词性物主代词来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的结构。 My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 我的包是黄色的,她的(包)是红色,他的(包)是蓝色,而你的(包)是粉红色。 为避免重复使用bag,上例可改写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink. ·模块十一 Unit10: Water Festival 核心知识梳理 1. Next, make ice cubes out of the different kinds of fruit juice. 接着,把不同的果汁做成冰块。 make…out of意为‘‘用……来制作……”。 Many things are made out of bamboo. 很多东西是由竹子制作的。 Some children make lanterns out of pumpkins at Halloween. 万圣节时,一些孩子用南瓜做灯笼。 different kinds of意为“不同种类的”。 She offered us five different kinds of cakes. 她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。 2. Then pour the lemonade into a glass. 然后,把柠檬水倒入一个玻璃杯中。 pour…into… 意为“将……倒人……中”。 I've poured coffee into your cup by mistake. 我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。 3. Finally, add the ice cubes to the lemonade. 最后,把冰块加入柠檬水中。 add…to…意为“将……加入……中”。 Many words have been added to this edition of the dictionary. 这本词典的这一版新增了很多词。 4. The iced fruit punch is ready. 冰镇水果宾治就做好了。 ready为形容词,意为“准备好的”。ready有如下用法: (1) be ready表示“准备好了”。 Dinner is ready. 晚饭准备好了。 Are you ready? 你(们)准备好了吗? (2) be ready for…=get ready for…=prepare for…意为“为....做准备”。 They are getting ready for the exam. 他们正在为考试做准备。 (3) be ready to do something=get ready to do something意为“准备做某事;乐意做某事”。 Are you getting ready to run?你们准备好跑步了吗? Lei Feng was always ready to help others. 雷锋总是乐于助人。 5. I've got some questions for you to think about. 我有一些问题要让你们思考。 get something for somebody是“为……准备好……”的意思,不能改写为get somebody something的形式。 Have you got invitations for all the guests? 你为所有的客人都准备好请帖了吗? get something for somebody意为“为……买……’’时,相当于:get somebody something。 Let me get you a new pair of jeans! =Let me get a new pair of jeans for you. 让我给你买条新牛仔裤吧! 6. Look at the outside of the glass. 看看玻璃杯的外面。 本例中的outside是名词,意为“外头;外部;外面;外侧;外表”,其反义词为inside(意为“内侧;内道;内部;里面”)。the outside of意为“……的外部;……的表面”。 The outside of the house is painted white. 房子外部漆成白色了。 7. Make a hole at the bottom of the paper cup and on one side of the lunch box lid. 在纸杯的底部和快餐盒盖子的一边各戳一个小洞。 at the bottom of意为“在……的底部:在……尽头”。 The fisherman found a jar at the bottom of the lake. 这个渔夫在湖底发现了一个罐子。 其反义词组为on top of(在……顶端)。 There's a pub at the bottom of the road. 路的尽头有一家酒馆。 on one side of意为“在……一面;在……的一边”。 Write on one side of the paper only. 只在纸的一面写字。 On one side of the window was a mirror, and on the other was a painting. 窗户的一边是一面镜子,另一边挂着一幅画。 8. Connect the holes in the lid and the cup with the straw. 用吸管将盖子和纸杯的小洞连起来。 connect…with...是“用……将……连起来”的意思。 They connected the two cars together with a chain. 他们用一根链子将两辆车连了起来。 connect…with还有“把……联系起来”的意思。 There was nothing to connect him with the crime. 他与那起犯罪毫无关联。 9. Fishing is not allowed. 禁止钓鱼。 fish在这里是动词,意为“钓鱼”。由于fish在这里作主语,而主语一般由名词或代词充当,因此,须使用动名词(即动词ing形式)。 Running is my favourite sport. 跑步是我最喜欢的运动。 Learning English becomes more and more important in our daily life. 在我们的日常生活中,学习英语变得越来越重要。 be allowed意为“被允许”,是被动语态结构。很多规则可以用be( not) allowed的结构来表达。 Ball games are not allowed here. 此处不允许进行球类游戏。 Cycling is allowed here. 此处可以骑车。 要表达“被允许做某事”或“不允许做某事”的意思,则使用be(not)allowed to do something的结构。 You are allowed to cycle here. 你可以在此处骑车。 You are not allowed to park here. 你不可以在此处停车。 ·模块十二 Grammar10:When的用法 ★When的用法 (一)作为副词,它有以下的用法: 1. 作为疑问副词,引导特殊疑问句,意为“什么时候;何时”,例如: (1) When will they come back? (2)What time will they come back? 回答when引导的从句,不一定指出具体的时间点。如回答句(1)可用tomorrow, next month等。 2. 作连接副词,引导名词性从句或不定式,意为“什么时候”。从句使用陈述句语序,时态根据实际情况而定。 Have you decided when to go sightseeing?你们已经决定什么时候去郊游了吗?(when引导不定式结构) (二)作为从属连词,引导状语从句,表示多种语法意义: 表示时间,意为“当……时,在……的时候”。 A. 在时间、条件等状语从句里,用一般现在时表示将来时,当需要表达将来完成的意义时,必须使用现在完成时来代替。如: When you see him, please say hello to him. 见到他时,代我问他好。 B. 表示过去发生的事情,在when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,动作发生在先的用过去完成时,在后的用过去时。如: When I was in Japan, I bought some beautiful pearls. 我在日本时,买了一些漂亮的珍珠。 ★No ball games. 禁止球类游戏。 除了使用祈使句及带有情态动词的句子表示不同的规则之外,我们也可以使用no来表示禁止某项活动的规则,no后一般可加名词或动词ing形式。本例中的句子也相当于Don't play ball games!或We mustn't play ball games here!。使用no的句子表达各类规则时显得更为简练。 No U-turn!禁止调头! No parking here!此处禁止停车! 1.Jill was 10 years old. ________ was old enough to go to school ________. A.She;  she B.She;  herself C.She;  her D.Her;  she 2.Lily thinks swimming is ________ than running and I agree with her. A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.the hardest 3.Daming thinks Superman is ___________ than Spider Man. A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.the strongest 4.Mary sang much ________ than before. A.sweet B.sweeter C.sweetest D.the sweetest 5.—Could you _________ what happened then, please? —No problem. A.invent B.explain C.expect D.encourage 6.—_________ you play tennis? —No, I can’t. But I’m good at football. A.Can B.Could C.May D.Must 7.The PE teacher ________ be thirsty in the hot sun. Let’s take a bottle of water for him. A.can B.may C.must D.should 8.The hotel manager gave John and Mary the keys to their rooms in the morning. But John can’t find _________ now. A.he B.him C.his D.himself 9.—Jack, you don’t look well. You’d better take ________ temperature. —I’m OK. It’s just a cold. A.its B.your C.his D.her 10.—Lily, where did you buy ________ new dress? —I bought it in a clothing store. A.your B.his C.her D.my 11.I explained the poem in _________ own words, and I hope the teacher will like it. A.me B.my C.mine D.myself 12.Would you please show me _________ choice, Jenny? A.your B.yours C.you D.yourselves 13.—What happened to Molly? —She hurt ________ while she was running on the playground. A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself 14.—Sally could look after ________ when she was six. —Really? I can’t believe it. A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself 15.—Who cried in your office this afternoon, Mr. Smith? —A boy did. He hurt ________ in P. E. class. A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself 16.Whenever you are in trouble, please remember to cheer ________ up. A.ourselves B.yourself C.himself D.myself 17.Tina is old enough to look after ________, so she won’t depend on her parents too much. A.she B.her C.hers D.herself 18.The bridge in our village is one of ________ stone bridges in the world. A.old B.older C.oldest D.the oldest 19.Superman is strong and brave. He ________ fly through the sky and fight bad people. A.could B.can C.must D.need 20.—What’s the temperature today? —21℃–36℃. It’s _______ day of the year. A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest 21.Darren is only 12 years old, but he is ________ than his mother now. A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest 22.Space clothes are much ________ than our common clothes. A.heavy B.heavier C.the heavier D.the heaviest 23.—Could you please feed the chickens? —Sorry, I ________. A.can’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 24.—Mum, ________ I invite my friend Tom to our home tomorrow night, please? —Of course you can. But remember to clean your room first! A.can B.must C.should D.need 25.—Can you help me? —________. How can I help? A.Thank you B.No problem C.You’re welcome D.That’s good news 26.The weather report said that the strongest storm ________ happen in this area tomorrow. A.must B.should C.may D.need 27.In order to make no mistakes, she does her homework ________. A.careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enough D.enough carefully 28.I was playing the piano when it ________ to rain heavily. A.begins B.began C.begin D.was beginning 29.— ________ I return the book tomorrow? —No, you needn’t. A.Shall B.Could C.Must D.Can 30.Linda was just going out shopping ________ the telephone rang. A.while B.when C.as soon as D.so that 31.I ________ down the street when the dark clouds appeared in the sky. A.walking B.walked C.walk D.was walking 32.We must look carefully ________ we cross the busy road. A.as soon as B.after C.if D.when 33.The office worker was looking at a postcard sadly _________ his workmate came in. A.while B.when C.after D.before 34.The girl with her parents ________ on the farm ________ the rainstorm came. A.were playing; when B.was playing; while C.was playing; when D.were playing; while 35.Tom is a friend of ________. A.we B.us C.mine D.my 36.—You don’t look well. Let me take ______ temperature. —Nothing serious. I didn’t sleep well last night. A.my B.you C.your D.yours 37.This is ________ friend, Tom. A.I B.my C.me D.mine 38.______ school is a good place to study. In my heart, it is much better than ______. A.Our; you B.We; yours C.Our; yours D.We; you 39.—Excuse me, can I turn on the air-conditioner?  It’s a bit hot inside. —________. A.You are welcome B.Not at all C.I don’t think so D.Go ahead, please 40.Alex and Tom both like math. ________ dreams are to be math teachers. A.Your B.Her C.Their D.Our 41.I know I have to express ________ clearly about this matter. A.I B.me C.my D.myself 42.Jenny is growing fast. She is old enough to dress ______ now. A.her B.herself C.him D.himself 43.—Where did you get this lantern?   —I made it by _____. A.itself B.himself C.myself D.yourself 44.—Jack says he can write a 10,000-word report in only a few minutes. —Is he joking? He _________ use the new AI tool—ChatGPT. He is always weak in writing. A.may B.can C.should D.must 45.—Linda isn’t old enough to look after ________. —Don’t worry. I can help her. A.she B.her C.hers D.herself 46.The twins are happy to see ________ in the mirror. A.them B.themselves C.they D.their 47.As we grow older, we should learn to take care of ________. A.we B.us C.our D.ourselves 48.—The children enjoyed ________ in this after-school activity. —That’s true. A.they B.them C.themselves D.their 49.The house stands by ______. There is no other house around. A.itself B.yourself C.yourselves D.themselves 50.The electric light bulb (电灯泡), one of ________ best-known inventions by Edison, has made ________ big difference to the world. A.the; / B./; / C./; a D.the; a 51.— _________ you swim? —Yes, but I am not a good swimmer. A.Can B.Must C.May D.Should 52.Tim is ________ player in the school basketball team, but he is the best. A.short B.shorter C.shortest D.the shortest 53.The Caspian Sea is ________ salt lake in the world. A.deep B.deeper C.deepest D.the deepest 54.Of all the streets in Beijing, Chang’an Street is ______. A.wide B.wider C.widest D.the widest 55.Haituo Mountain is _______ mountain in Yanqing. A.high B.higher C.highest D.the highest 56.Come here at the Spring Festival! You can buy ________ clothes in a year. A.the cheapest B.cheaper C.the worst D.worse 57.Lisa likes all the scarves, but she bought the ______ one to save money. A.cheaper B.cheapest C.more expensive D.most expensive 58.The stone is so heavy, even the ________ student in my class can’t move it. A.thinner B.thinnest C.stronger D.strongest 59.Friendship is one of ________ things that we can enjoy in our life. A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest 60.China is one of the oldest ________ in the world. A.country B.countries C.city D.cities 61.—Which country has the ________ population in the world? —China. There are more people there than any other country in the world. A.fewest B.biggest C.smallest D.most 62.—China has the________ population in the world. —Yes, and it’s also one of the strongest countries. A.many B.most C.big D.biggest 63.Grace is ________ than before. She can finish her homework very well. A.careful B.more careful C.most careful D.the most careful 64.Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ________ than before. A.cheap B.more cheaper C.much cheaper D.the cheapest 65.Qomolangma is 8848.86 meters high. It’s ______ than any other mountain in the world. A.higher B.the highest C.deeper D.the deepest 66.I am a ________ volleyball player than Mia. A.good B.better C.best D.the best 67.—Could we play football after the movie, Mum? —No, you ________. You must finish your homework first. A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.couldn’t 68.The Tower of Pisa was built to be _________ than any other bell tower in Italy. A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 69.The Yangtze River is longer than ________ river in China. A.another B.the other C.any other D.any 70.The red pencil is ________ than the green one. A.short B.nice C.shorter D.the shortest 71.China has a ________ population than any other country in the world. A.more B.most C.bigger D.biggest 72.We have cleaned up the waste in the river, so it is ________ than before. A.cleaner B.cleanest C.dirtier D.dirtiest 73.The ________ you study, the ________ grades you will get. A.harder; good B.harder; well C.harder; better D.hard; better 74.Qingdu Mountain is very popular and ________ tourists visit it year by year. A.more and more B.fewer and fewer C.less and less D.more or less 75.Lucy was ________ than her brother. She made no mistakes. A.more careful B.more careless C.the most careful D.the most careless 76.The Nile is longer than ________ river in the world. A.any B.any other C.the other D.another 77.—How hard you are working, Helen! —We must! President Xi said that ________ we are, ________ we will be. A.the more hard-working; the luckier B.the hard-working; the lucky C.more hard-working; luckier D.the most hard-working; the luckiest 78.If we cut down too many trees, there will be ________ tigers than before. A.many B.more C.few D.fewer 79.Helping others makes us very ________. A.lonely B.careful C.proud D.harmful 80.Tom acted ________ than any other actor in the play. A.carefully B.more careful C.most carefully D.more carefully 81.Although she is eighty-five, she ________ still read without glasses. A.could B.might C.must D.can 82.It seemed ________ they were speaking to me in person. A.that B.why C.what D.if 83.—Su Yiming won the first prize in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. —Really? It’s hard to a 17-year-old boy can play snowboarding so well. A.achieve B.realize C.imagine D.encourage 84.—Must I go out to have dinner with you, Mom? —No, you ________, my dear. You’re free to make your own decision. A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.can’t 85.—Could I use your umbrella for a while? —Yes, of course you ________. A.could B.will C.can D.should 86.—_________ I touch the electric kettle now, Mum? —No you mustn’t. It’s still very hot, you may get burnt. A.Must B.Should C.Need D.Can 87.—You look so ________. What’s wrong? —I went to bed too late last night. A.sleepy B.strict C.lovely D.polite 88.My brother does well at school. My parents and I ________ him. A.are worried about B.are proud of C.are patient with D.are careful with 89.The Amazon River is longer than ________ river in Asia, including the Yangtze River. A.any other B.the other C.other D.any 90.Sometimes the teacher found ________ difficult to hear his words ________. A.it’s; clearly B.it; clear C.it’s; clear D.it; clearly 参考答案: 1.B 【详解】句意:Jill十岁了。她已经足够大了,可以自己上学了。 考查代词辨析。she她,人称代词主格;herself她自己,反身代词;her她的,形容词性物主代词,也可以是宾格的“她”。第一个空作主语,用人称代词主格,排除D;第二个空用反身代词herself,表示“她自己去上学”。故选B。 2.B 【详解】句意:Lily认为游泳比跑步难,我同意她的看法。 考查形容词的比较级。根据“than”可知此处应用比较级形式,harder符合语境。故选B。 3.B 【详解】句意:大明认为超人比蜘蛛侠更强。 考查比较级的用法。strong强壮的,形容词原级;stronger更强壮的,形容词比较级;strongest最强壮的,前面通常加the;the strongest最强壮的,形容词最高级。空后有比较级的标志词than,可知空处要用比较级,stronger符合语境。故选B。 4.B 【详解】句意:玛丽唱得比以前动听多了。 考查形容词比较级。根据“than before”可知,此处应用形容词sweet“动听的”的比较级。故选B。 5.B 【详解】句意:——你能解释一下当时发生了什么吗? ——没问题。 考查动词辨析。invent发明;explain解释;expect期盼;encourage鼓励。由宾语从句“what happened then”可知,句子为一般过去式,事情已经发生,请求对该事情进行解释,explain符合语境。 故选B。 6.A 【详解】句意:——你会打网球吗?——不,我不会。但是我擅长足球。 考查情态动词。Can能够,可以;Could过去能够;May可以,可能;Must一定,必须。根据答句“No, I can’t. But I’m good at football.”可知问句应是用can提问,表示“能够”,故选A。 7.C 【详解】句意:体育老师在烈日下一定很渴。我们给他带瓶水吧。 考查情态动词辨析。can能,可能;may也许;must一定;should应该。由语意可知这里指推测,在烈日下的体育老师“一定”很渴。故选C。 8.C 【详解】句意:旅馆经理在早上的时候把房间钥匙给了约翰和玛丽。但是约翰现在找不到他的钥匙了。 考查名词性物主代词。he他(主格);him他(宾格);his他的(名词性物主代词或形容词性物主代词);himself他自己(反身代词)。根据“The hotel manager gave John and Mary the keys to their rooms in the morning.”可知,约翰现在找不到“他的钥匙”,空后没有名词,因此需用名词性物主代词his表示“他的钥匙”,故选C。 9.B 【详解】句意:——杰克,你看起来气色不好。你最好量一下体温。 ——我没事。只是感冒而已。 考查物主代词辨析。its它的,形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词;your你的/你们的,形容词性物主代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词;her她/她的,人称代词宾格/形容词性物主代词。根据“take…temperature”可知,此处考查take one’s temperature“量某人的体温”,主语是you,对应的形容词性物主代词是your。故选B。 10.A 【详解】句意:——莉莉,你在哪里买的新裙子?——我在一家服装店买的。 考查代词辨析。your你的;his他的;her她的;my我的。根据“I bought it in a clothing store.”及空处所在句的主语“you”可知,此处指你的新裙子。故选A。 11.B 【详解】句意:我用自己的话解释了这首诗,我希望老师会喜欢它。 考查代词辨析。me我;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;myself我自己。根据设空处后有名词“own words”可知,此处应填形容词性物主代词,指我自己的话。故选B。 12.A 【详解】句意:请你给我看看你的选择好吗,珍妮? 考查代词辨析。your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;you你,人称代词主格/宾格;yourselves你自己,反身代词。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词choice作定语,应使用形容词性物主代词;由Jenny可知,此处是一个人,your choice 表示“你的选择”。故选A。 13.C 【详解】句意:——莫莉怎么了?——她在操场上跑步时伤了自己。 考查代词辨析。myself我自己;yourself你自己;herself她自己;himself他自己。根据“She hurt...while she was running on the playground”可知,她是跑步的时候伤到了她自己。故选C。 14.D 【详解】句意:——萨莉六岁时就可以照顾她自己了。——真的吗?我简直不敢相信。 考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。根据“when she was six”可知,Sally是女孩;再根据句子主语是Sally,所以look after后应跟herself,故选D。 15.D 【详解】句意:——史密斯先生,今天下午谁在你办公室哭了?——一个男孩。他在体育课伤到自己了。 考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己;yourself你自己;herself她自己;himself他自己。hurt oneself“伤到某人自己”,结合主语He可知,设空处应选填he的反身代词himself。故选D。 16.B 【详解】句意:无论什么时候你遇到困难,请记得让自己振作起来。 考查反身代词。ourselves我们自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;myself我自己。根据“Whenever you are in trouble, please remember to cheer...up.”可知,主语是you“你”,此处应是表示“让你自己振作起来”。故选B。 17.D 【详解】句意:Tina已经长大,能够照顾她自己,所以她不会过度依赖父母。 考查代词辨析。she她,主格,作主语;her她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词。根据句意可知,空处应填反身代词herself作look after的宾语,look after herself 表示“照顾她自己”。故选D。 18.D 【详解】句意:我们村庄的这座桥是世界上最古老的石桥之一。 考查形容词最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”,因此此处用“the oldest”。故选D。 19.B 【详解】句意:超人既强壮又勇敢。他可以在天空中飞翔,与坏人战斗。 考查情态动词用法。could能够,can的过去式;can能够;must必须;need需要。根据“fly through the sky”可知,超人能在天上飞,本句时态为一般现在时,应用can表示能力。故选B。 20.D 【详解】句意:——今天的气温是多少?——21℃-36℃。这是一年中最热的一天。 考查形容词最高级。根据“of the year”可知,此处应用最高级,最高级前应用定冠词the。故选D。 21.B 【详解】句意:Darren只有12岁,但他比他妈妈高。 考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知,空处用形容词的比较级。故选B。 22.B 【详解】句意:太空服比我们日常服装重很多。 考查形容词比较级。heavy重,形容词原级;heavier较重的,形容词比较级;the heavier较重的,常和of the two/twins连用;the heaviest最重的,形容词最高级。根据句中的than可知要用比较级,这里前面不需要用定冠词the,故选B。 23.A 【详解】句意:——你能喂一下鸡吗?——对不起,我不能。 考查情态动词。can’t不能;couldn’t不能,过去式;mustn’t表示禁止;needn’t不必。根据“Could you please feed the chickens?”可知,could表示委婉的请求,不是过去式,结合“Sorry”可知,我不能喂这些小鸡。故选A。 24.A 【详解】句意:——妈妈,我可以邀请我的朋友汤姆明天晚上来我们家吗?——你当然可以。但是记得先打扫你的房间! 考查情态动词的用法。can可以;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据“Of course you can.”可知问句是以can开头的一般疑问句,表示请求。故选A。 25.B 【详解】句意:——你能帮助我吗?——没问题。我能如何帮? 考查情景交际用语。Thank you谢谢;No problem没问题;You’re welcome不客气;That’s good news那是个好消息。根据“Can you help me?”和“How can I help?”可知,这里是答应帮助对方,故选B。 26.C 【详解】句意:天气预报说,最强的风暴可能会在明天的这个地区发生。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须;should应该;may可能;need需要。根据“The weather report said...tomorrow”可知,此处描述的是未来的天气情况,应用表示可能性的情态动词。故选C。 27.C 【详解】句意:为了不犯错误,她做家庭作业足够仔细。 考查词义辨析及enough的用法。careful仔细的,形容词;carefully仔细地,副词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词形式,作状语;enough放在形容词或副词的后面。故选C。 28.B 【详解】句意:我正在弹钢琴,突然下起了大雨。 考查动词时态。begin开始。根据“I was playing the piano when it”可知,这是when引导的时间状语从句,表示在过去,当从句的动作发生时,主句的动作在当时也正在进行,因此设空处填一般过去时。故选B。 29.C 【详解】句意:——我明天必须还书吗?——不,你不必。 考查情态动词辨析。Shall将会;Could能;Must必须;Can能。以Must开头的一般疑问句,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。根据答语“No, you needn’t.”可知,此处以Must提问。故选C。 30.B 【详解】句意:琳达正要出去购物,这时电话铃响了。 考查连词辨析。while当,后加延续性动词;when当,后加延续性动词或者非延续性动词;as soon as一……就;so that以便。根据“the telephone rang”可知是当电话响的时候,rang是非延续性动词,用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 31.D 【详解】句意:当天空中出现乌云时,我正沿着街道走。 考查过去进行时。根据“when the dark clouds appeared in the sky”可知,时间状语从句为一般过去时,且appeared“出现”为短暂性动词,所以主句应用过去进行时,表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行,过去进行时的结构为was+doing,选项D符合题意。故选D。 32.D 【详解】句意:当我们穿过繁忙的街道时,我们必须仔细看。 考查从属连词辨析。as soon as一……就……;after在……之后;if如果;when当……的时候。根据“We must look carefully”和“ we cross the busy road”可知,“我们必须仔细看”应该是发生在“我们穿过繁忙街道”的时候,由此可知,when符合题意。故选D。 33.B 【详解】句意:当他的同事进来时,那个办公室职员正伤心地看着一张明信片。 考查连词辨析。while当……时候,搭配延续性动词;when当……时候;after在……之后;before在……之前。当一个动作发生,另一个动作正在进行时,用when/while引导时间状语从句,且从句中的谓语动词came in“进来”为瞬间动词,应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 34.C 【详解】句意:当暴风雨来临时,那个女孩和她的父母正在农场玩。 考查主谓一致及从属连词辨析。while与此同时,强调两个动作同时发生;when当……时。根据“The girl with her parents…”可知,with连接并列主语,谓语遵循“就远原则”,故和the girl保持一致,用单数,排除A和D;又根据“The girl with her parents was playing on the farm…the rainstorm came”可知,从句是一般过去时,主句为过去进行时,指从句动作发生时,主句动作正在进行,且从句中动词“came”是短暂性动词,故用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。 35.C 【详解】句意:汤姆是我的一个朋友。 考查代词辨析。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。根据“a friend of”可知,此处考查双重所有格,应用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。 36.C 【详解】句意:——你气色不好。让我量一下你的体温。——没什么严重的。我昨晚没睡好。 考查代词辨析。my我的;you你,人称代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词。此处作定语修饰“temperature”,用形容词性物主代词,故选C。 37.B 【详解】句意:这是我的朋友,汤姆。 考查形容词性物主代词辨析。I我,作主语;my我的,形容词词性物主代词,表达所属关系;me我,作宾格;mine我的,名词性物主代词,表达所属关系且其后不接名词。根据“friend, Tom.”可知,此处表达所属关系。故选B。 38.C 【详解】句意:我们学校是一个学习的好地方。在我心里,它比你的好得多。 考查代词辨析。our我们的;you你;we我们;yours你的。根据“school”可知,此处指的是“我们的学校”,因此此处用形容词性物主代词our;再由“In my heart, it is much better than…”可知,此处指的是“它比你的学校好得多”,因此此处用名词性物主代词yours。故选C。 39.D 【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我能打开空调吗?里面有点儿热。——去做吧。 考查交际用语。You are welcome不客气; Not at all没关系;I don’t think so我不那么认为;Go ahead, please请做吧。根据上文提出的请求,下文表示同意。故选D。 40.C 【详解】句意:亚历克斯和汤姆都喜欢数学。他们的梦想是成为数学老师。 考查代词辨析。Your你(们)的;Her她的;Their他们的;Our我们的。根据“... dreams are to be math teachers.”可知此处指“亚历克斯和汤姆的”梦想,用their“他们的”。故选C。 41.D 【详解】句意:我知道我必须清楚地表达我对这件事的看法。 考查代词辨析。I我,主格;me我,宾格;my我的,形容词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词。根据“express...clearly about this matter.”可知,此处指清楚地表达自己,应用反身代词myself。故选D。 42.B 【详解】句意:珍妮长得很快。她已经长大,可以自己穿衣服了。 考查代词辨析。her她;herself她自己;him他;himself他自己。根据“Jenny is growing fast. She is old enough to dress…now.”可知,此处指的是“给自己穿衣服”,此处指的是“她”,因此用herself。故选B。 43.C 【详解】句意:——你在哪里得到这个灯笼的?  ——我自己独自制作的。 考查反身代词。itself它自己;himself他自己;myself我自己;yourself你自己。根据“I made it by...”可知,本句的主语是“我”,动作的发出者也是“我”,应使用myself。故选C。 44.D 【详解】句意:——杰克说他可以在几分钟内写一篇一万字的报告。——他在开玩笑吗?他一定使用了新的人工智能工具——ChatGPT。他的写作总是很差。 考查情态动词用法。may也许;can能够;should应该;must一定。根据“...use the new AI tool—ChatGPT. He is always weak in writing.”可知,杰克的写作很差,此处应用must表示可能性极大的肯定推测。故选D。 45.D 【详解】句意:——琳达还不够大,不能照顾自己。——别担心。我可以帮助她。 考查代词辨析。she她,主格;her她,宾格/她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己。根据“Linda isn’t old enough to look after...”可知,指琳达不能照顾自己,故选D。 46.B 【详解】句意:这对双胞胎很高兴在镜子里看到自己。 考查反身代词。them他(她、它)们,人称代词宾格;themselves他(她、它)们自己,反身代词;they他(她、它)们,人称代词主格;their他(她、它)们的,形容词性物主代词。根据“in the mirror”可知,此处是指双胞胎应该看到的是“他们自己”。故选B。 47.D 【详解】句意:随着年龄的增长,我们应该学会照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。we我们,主格;us我们,宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己,反身代词。根据“As we grow older, we should learn to take care of ”可知,长大后应学会照顾自己,用ourselves。故选D。 48.C 【详解】句意:——孩子们在这次课外活动中玩得很开心。——那是真的。 考查代词辨析。they他们,主格;them他们,宾格;themselves他们自己,反身代词;their他们的,形容词性物主代词。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”,由“The children”可知,反身代词应用themselves。故选C。 49.A 【详解】句意:这座房子是独立的。附近没有别的房子了。 考查反身代词。itself它自己;yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己;themselves他们自己。根据“There is no other house around.”可知,此处指这座房子独自矗立着,用itself指代房子本身。故选A。 50.D 【详解】句意:电灯泡是爱迪生最著名的发明之一,它给世界带来了巨大的变化。 考查冠词。the表特指;a一个,用以辅音音素开头的单词。one of the+最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”;make a big difference“产生巨大影响”。故选D。 51.A 【详解】句意:—— 你会游泳吗?—— 是的,但我不太擅长游泳。 考查情态动词用法。Can可以,表示“能力”;Must必须;May可以,表示“请求”;Should应该。根据“but I am not a good swimmer.”可知,问的是“你会游泳吗?”,表示“一个人的能力”。故选A。 52.D 【详解】句意:Tim虽然是学校篮球队里最矮的队员,但是他是最好的。 考查形容词最高级。根据范围“in the school basketball team”可知此句应用形容词最高级,形容词最高级前需加定冠词“the”。故选D。 53.D 【详解】句意:里海是世界上最深的盐湖。 考查形容词最高级。根据“in the world.”可知,空处用最高级,deep的最高级为deepest,且形容词最高级前需加the。故选D。 54.D 【详解】句意:在北京所有的街道中,长安街是最宽的。 考查形容词最高级。根据“Of all the streets in Beijing,”可知,空处应使用最高级,wide的最高级是widest,且形容词最高级前需加the。故选D。 55.D 【详解】句意:海坨山是延庆最高的山。 考查形容词最高级。high高的,形容词原级;higher比较级;highest最高级;the highest最高级。根据句中表示范围的“in Yanqing”可知,空格处使用形容词最高级形式,形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。 56.A 【详解】句意:春节来这里吧!你可以买到一年中最便宜的衣服。 考查形容词最高级用法。the cheapest 最便宜的(形容词最高级);cheaper 更便宜的(形容词比较级);the worst 最差的(形容词最高级);worse 较差的(形容词比较级)。由句意可知,这是一则广告,the worst和worse表达负面信息,应排除;由in a year可知,这里指在一年中这个范围,应该用最高级。故选A。 57.B 【详解】句意:丽莎喜欢所有的围巾,但为了省钱,她买了最便宜的那条。 考查词义辨析和最高级。cheap便宜的;expensive昂贵的。根据“she bought the...one to save money”可知,为了省钱,所以买了最便宜的那条围巾。cheapest符合语境。故选B。 58.D 【详解】句意:这块石头很重,即使是我们班最强壮的学生也搬不动它。 考查形容词最高级。thinner更瘦的;thinnest最瘦的;stronger更强壮的;strongest最强壮的。根据“The stone is so heavy, even the...student in my class can’t move it”可知,这块石头很重,即使是班上最强壮的学生也搬不动。由于比较范围为“in my class”,故此处应用形容词最高级。故选D。 59.D 【详解】句意:友谊是我们生活中可以享受的最伟大的事情之一。 考查形容词最高级用法。根据“one of...things”可知,此处为“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数”,表示“最……的之一”。故选D。 60.B 【详解】句意:中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。 考查名词词义辨析。country国家,名词单数;countries国家,名词复数;city城市,名词单数;cities城市,名词复数。根据“China”可知,此处应用名词country表示“国家”,结合“one of the oldest”可知应用复数名词。故选B。 61.B 【详解】句意:——世界上哪个国家人口最多?——中国。那里的人比世界上任何其他国家都多。 考查形容词最高级。fewest最少;biggest最大;smallest最小;most最。根据“China.”可知,应是问人口最多的国家,修饰population用big。故选B。 62.D 【详解】句意:——中国在世界上拥有最多的人口。 ——是的, 它也是最强大的国家之一。 考查形容词最高级。many许多;most最多;big大的;biggest最大的。表示人口多用big。根据常识中国是世界上人口最多的国家。“in the world”表示范围,空处应用形容词最高级形式,big的最高级为biggest。 故选D。 63.B 【详解】句意:格蕾丝比以前更认真了。她能很好地完成作业。 考查形容词比较级。careful认真的,形容词原级;more careful比较级;most careful最高级;the most careful最高级。根据“than before”可知空格处应用形容词比较级more careful,故选B。 64.C 【详解】句意:手机现在很流行,而且比以前便宜多了。 考查比较级的用法。cheap便宜的,形容词的原级;more cheaper错误表达;much cheaper便宜得多,形容词的比较级;the cheapest最便宜的,形容词的最高级。根据than可知,此处用形容词的比较级,cheap“便宜的”,其比较级为cheaper,前面不需要用more。故选C。 65.A 【详解】句意:珠穆朗玛峰高8848.86米。它比世界上任何一座山都高。 考查比较级。higher更高的,比较级;the highest最高的,最高级;deeper更深的,比较级;the deepest最深的,最高级。由比较级的标志词than可知,此处使用比较级;根据“Qomolangma is 8848.86 meters high.”可知此处指山高,应使用high。故选A。 66.B 【详解】句意:我的排球打得比米娅好。 考查比较级。good好的;better比较级;best最高级。根据句子中的than可知空格处需使用形容词比较级形式,故选B。 67.C 【详解】句意:——看完电影我们能踢足球吗,妈妈?——不,你不能。你必须先完成作业。 考查情态动词用法。needn’t不需要;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不能;couldn’t不能,can’t的过去式。根据“Could we play football after the movie, Mum?”可知,could表示委婉的请求,不是过去式,结合“No”可知是不能踢足球。故选C。 68.B 【详解】句意:比萨斜塔比意大利其他任何钟塔都要漂亮。 考查比较级的用法。根据“be … than any other bell tower”可知,此处应用比较级+than+any other +n.,表示“比其他……都……”。故选B。 69.C 【详解】句意:在中国,长江比任何一条河都长。 考查比较级的特殊句式。another(三者或三者以上)的另一个;the other指两个人或物中的一个;any other任何其它的,后接单数名词,与主语在同一范围;any任何一个,与主语不在同一范围。根据“The Yangtze River”和river in China”可知,长江在中国的范围内,应用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”的结构。故选C。 70.C 【详解】句意:这个红色的铅笔比那个绿色的要短。 考查比较级。根据“than”可知应用比较级形式,选项中只有C项是比较级形式,故选C。 71.C 【详解】句意:中国的人口比世界上任何一个国家都多。 考查形容词比较级。more更多;most最多;bigger更大的;biggest最大的。根据“population”可知,形容人口众多,用big,再由“than”可知,此处用形容词比较级“bigger”。故选C。 72.A 【详解】句意:我们已经清理了河里的废物,所以它比以前更干净了。 考查形容词比较级。cleaner更干净的;cleanest最干净的;dirtier更脏的;dirtiest最脏的。than比,用于两者比较,所以用比较级,根据前半句已经做了许多保护环境的事情,可知河流更干净。故选A。 73.C 【详解】句意:你越努力学习,你取得的成绩就越好。 考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构可知,此处为“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越……,越……”,前后都用比较级。故选C。 74.A 【详解】句意:庆都山很受欢迎,一年又一年,越来越多的游客来参观。 考查比较级的用法。more and more越来越多;fewer and fewer越来越少;less and less越来越少;more or less或多或少。根据“Qingdu Mountain is very popular”可知,庆都山很受欢迎,所以此处是指越来越多的游客来庆都山参观。故选A。 75.A 【详解】句意:露西比她哥哥更细心。她没有犯错。 考查形容词比较级。careful仔细的;careless粗心的。根据“than”可知,此处应用形容词比较级,结合“She made no mistakes.”可知,露西更仔细。故选A。 76.B 【详解】句意:尼罗河比世界上其他任何河流都长。 考查不定代词辨析和比较级句型。any任何的;any other任何其他的;the other两者中的“另一个”;another三者或以上的“另一个”。根据句意可知,空处要填的是“任何另一个”,句型为“比较级+than +any other+n.”。故选B。 77.A 【详解】句意:——海伦,你工作是多么努力啊!——我们必须(这样)!习主席说我们越努力,就越幸运。 考查比较级。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,此处为“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”句式,结合“We must!”可知,应是说越努力,越幸运,第一空填the more hard-working;第二空填the luckier。故选A。 78.D 【详解】句意:如果我们砍伐太多的树,老虎就会比以前少。 考查词义辨析和比较级。many许多,原级;more更多,比较级;few很少,原级;fewer更少,比较级。根据“If we cut down too many trees”和常识可知,砍伐树木会让动物数量减少,than前用比较级。故选D。 79.C 【详解】句意:帮助别人让我们非常自豪。 考查形容词辨析。lonely孤独的;careful仔细的;proud自豪的;harmful有害的。根据“Helping others makes us very … .”可知,此处应指帮助别人让我们自豪。故选C。 80.D 【详解】句意:汤姆在剧中演得比其他任何演员都认真。 考查副词比较级。careful认真的,形容词;carefully认真地,副词。空处修饰动词,应用副词,排除B;结合“than”可知,应用比较级,故选D。 81.D 【详解】句意:虽然她八十五岁了,但她仍然能不戴眼镜看书。 考查情态动词。could可以,能,常用于表示请求的语境;might可能;must必须;can能。根据“Although she is eighty-five”可知,此处指的是“能看见”,应用can,故选D。 82.A 【详解】句意:他们好像是在亲自跟我说话。 考查it的固定句式。固定句式“It seems that+从句”,表示“似乎……”。故选A。 83.C 【详解】句意:——苏翊鸣赢得北京2022年冬奥会第一名。——真的吗?很难想象一个17岁的男孩能玩单板滑雪玩得这么好。 考查动词词义的辨析。achieve实现;realize意识到;imagine想象;encourage鼓励。根据横线后“a 17-year-old boy can play snowboarding so well.”可知,此处应该表达很难想象一个17岁的男孩能玩单板滑雪玩得这么好。 故选C。 84.C 【详解】句意:——我一定要和你出去吃饭吗,妈妈?——不,你不必,亲爱的。你可以自己做决定。 考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不需要;can’t不能。根据“You’re free to make your own decision.”可知,孩子可以自己做决定,所以不必一定要和自己出去吃,must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答为you needn’t/don’t have to。故选C。 85.C 【详解】句意:——我能用你的雨伞一会儿吗?  ——是的,你当然可以。 考查词义辨析。could是can的过去式,用于一般疑问句时通常表示委婉语气;will将要;can能,会,表示允许做的事情;should应该。根据“Yes, of course”可知是能用伞,表示允许。故选C。 86.D 【详解】句意:——妈妈,我现在可以摸电热水壶了吗?——不,你不能。它还很烫,你可能会被烫伤的。 考查情态动词。Must必须;Should应该;Need需要;Can能够。根据“I touch the electric kettle now”和“No you mustn’t”可知,此处表示请求许可,应用can引导一般疑问句,故选D。 87.A 【详解】句意:——你看起来很困。怎么了?——我昨晚睡得太晚了。 考查形容词辨析。sleepy困倦的;strict严格的;lovely可爱的;polite有礼貌的。根据“I went to bed too late last night.”可知,他睡得很晚,应该看起来很困倦。故选A。 88.B 【详解】句意:我弟弟在学校表现很好。我的父母和我都为他感到骄傲。 考查形容词短语。are worried about担心;are proud of以……为傲;are patient with对……有耐心;are careful with小心。根据“My brother does well at school.”可知,此处应指父母和“我”对成绩好的弟弟感到骄傲。故选B。 89.D 【详解】句意:亚马逊河比包括长江在内的亚洲任何河流都长。 考查代词辨析。any other任何其他;the other两者中的另一个;other其他的;any任何。根据“The Amazon River is longer than...river in Asia”可知,亚马逊河应该是比亚洲任何条河流都长,且亚马逊河不在亚洲这个范围内,故此处应用“比较级+than any+名词”的结构。故选D。 90.D 【详解】句意:有时老师发现很难听清楚他的话。 考查代词和副词。sb. find it adj. to do sth.“某人觉得做某事如何”,it是形式宾语,不定式to do是真正宾语;如果选it’s,found后为宾语从句,时态不符合,应用it was,可排除AC选项。clear清楚的,形容词;clearly清楚地,副词。修饰动词“hear”,需用副词形式。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题02 复习课(二)Units 8-10 重难点梳理-【暑假自学课】2024年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(牛津上海版)
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专题02 复习课(二)Units 8-10 重难点梳理-【暑假自学课】2024年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(牛津上海版)
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