精品解析：江苏省徐州市铜山区2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

2023~2024学年度第二学期期中学情调研 高一英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do the speakers prefer eating now? A. Chicken. B. Salad. C. Soup. 2. What’s the main idea of this conversation? A. The time of exercise. B. The order of exercise. C. The effects of exercise. 3. How often do the speakers meet now? A. Every day. B. Five times per week. C. Once per week. 4. How did the woman learn the traditional dance? A. From her children. B. From her friends. C. From her parents. 5. What do we know about the woman? A. She values the meaning of her future work. B. She wants to make more money. C. She has decided to be a doctor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Leaving phones at home. B. Removing all social media apps. C. Making certain apps harder to find. 7. How does the woman usually use social media? A. On her personal laptop. B. On her work computer. C. On her phone. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why do the speakers want to take new courses? A. To get more credits. B. To satisfy their interests. C. To explore different cultures. 9. What will the speakers do next? A. Prepare lunch. B. Go to an office. C. Learn more about the courses. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Coach and player. C. Co-workers. 11. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Arranging a singing contest. C. Introducing a sports activity. 12. What is the man’s main purpose? A. To share British culture. B. To recall memories of university. C. To try different foods and desserts. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a village. B. At a school. C. At an airport. 14. What did the speakers mainly do during the trip? A. They taught classes. B. They built schools. C. They helped the homeless. 15. What did the woman like most about the trip? A. Playing with kids. B. Learning to be positive. C. Making new friends. 16. Who did the speakers go with on this trip? A. Schoolmates and teachers. B. Community members. C. Sports teammates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What may be people’s first impressions of the museum? A. It’s amazing. B. It’s unusual. C. It’s famous. 18. Where did Scott get the painting at first? A. At a special exhibition. B. Next to a trash can. C. From an art dealer. 19. What can be most expected to see at the museum? A. Traditional art pieces. B. Well-known masterpieces. C. Paintings with particular subjects. 20. What was the purpose of establishing the museum? A. To move people with good art. B. To show what art should be. C. To celebrate artists’ failure. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A recent survey (调查) shows that only about a third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice. 1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday? ·Finding：A full 24% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day. ·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day. 2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday? ·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only four times a day, half of the number doctors recommend. ·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs (病菌) to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds. 3. How often do you think about fighting germs? ·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should. ·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds. 1. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands . A. twice a day B. three times a day C. four times a day D. eight times a day 2. Which of the following is true according to the text? A. A third American seniors brush their teeth only once a day. B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth. C. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle. D. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. 3. The text probably comes from . A. a guide book B. a popular magazine C. a book review D. an official document B This weekend, thousands of motorcyclists are riding on the Black Hills for the annual Sturgis Motorcycle Fair. For many of them, an 8-year-old’s lemonade stand has become a popular stop. Wyatt started the free lemonade stand last year as a way to raise some money to buy a Lego set. But on the first day, he not only made enough cash to get his toys, but he was able to donate $200 to St. Jude Children’s Hospital. “So now, 50 percent goes to college,” he explained. “30 percent goes to St. Jude and the rest goes to... last year it was Legos, this year it’s a dirt bike.” This year, Wyatt’s lemonade stand went viral after someone posted about it on social media. “I’m still trying to figure out exactly what happened,” said his mother Robin Dennis. “This just blows my mind.” So far, the post has been shared more than 60,000 times and encouraged hundreds of bikers from all over the U.S. to the Sturgis motorcycle rally. “He loves it,” said Robin. “He loves seeing the people. He loves waving to the people. Even if they don’t stop, they ride by and honk their horn. He makes many friends and becomes more confident.” Whether he’s serving lemonade, posing for pictures, or sitting on a motorcycle, Wyatt has become something of a local celebrity. He’s raised enough to donate $4,500 to St. Jude this year and he has no plans to pump the brakes anytime soon. “As long as he’s having fun doing it and it’s what he wants to do, we’ll be out here every year serving lemonade to everyone who’s here,” his mother said. 4. Why do people stop by a lemonade stand? A. To advocate the annual fair. B. To worship the local celebrity. C. To support the little boy. D. To make lemonade for the charity. 5. What is Robin’s attitude toward Wyatt’s popularity? A. Relieved. B. Moved. C. Content. D. Amazed. 6. Which is closest in meaning to “pump the brakes” in Paragraph 5? A. Speed. B. Stop. C. Decline. D. Expand. 7. What can we learn from the story? A. Roses given, fragrance in hand. B. Birds of a feature flock together. C. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. D. Love shows more in action than in words. C 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.” 8. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A. News reports. B. Research papers. C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations． 9. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A. They’re socially inactive. B. They’re good at telling stories. C. They’re inconsiderate of others. D. They’re careful with their words. 10. Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research? A. Sports news. B. Science articles. C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B. Online News Attracts More People C. Reading Habits Change with the Times D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks D About 17 million blind and visually impaired (视力受损的) people live in China, according to a 2018 report. The nation does not have the same history of using guide dogs as exists in other countries. The first guide dogs were used in 1916, and many countries have a rich culture of working with man’s best friend to help the visually impaired. The cost of specialist training to produce such a reliable animal can add up to tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of US dollars. Dogs also have physical limitations, for example being color blind, causing allergies or sadly having a limited lifespan. This month, a team led by Zhongyu Li, at the University of Berkeley California, revealed a modern prototype (原型). The new four-legged model is designed to guide people with a lead, and is able to find the right way to avoid obstacles. Laser ranging systems recreate a virtual map of the robot’s surroundings and enable it to guide itself and the person through an environment with ease, even in narrow spaces. The type of coding needed for the robot to understand its relative position in space, and to account for dangers in a changeable environment, will not be easy or cheap to make it available to the public, especially in a population as large as China. It may still be far-fetched to imagine robots walking through the busy streets. As AI improves, along with the performance of robots, the dream may be realizable. Coding can be directly copied and put into mass produced units, with hardware also becoming cheaper by the year. Robotic guide dogs of the future will need to calculate routes in real time, accounting for many factors such as traffic density (密度), weather conditions and pedestrian footfall. Fast interconnected 5G networks with low latency and widespread coverage will be vital for this. The blind and visually impaired are a significant minority of the population, and for many the chance to lead an independent and normal life is often as a stepping stone to greater contributions within China’s economy. Robotics can expand horizons for disabled people and allow them to feel more included in society. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How the first guide dogs came into being. B. The necessity lo train real-life guide dogs. C. How guide dogs help the visually impaired. D. The disadvantages of using real-life guide dogs. 13. What’s the function of the virtual map of the robot’s surroundings? A. To track the robot’s movement. B. To make the robot’s service life longer. C. To keep weather conditions informed. D. To help the robot lead the way successfully. 14. What is important for the application of robotic guide dogs according to the text? A. Good road conditions. B. Fast 5G networks. C. Full support from the blind. D. A virtual map of surroundings. 15. What can be inferred about robotic guide dogs from the text? A. They have yet to be mass-produced. B. They will surely replace real-life guide dogs. C. They are equipped with expensive hardware. D. They stand for a stepping stone to vision recovery. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people enjoy spending their vacations swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurious hotels. ____16____ They head for the country, to one of the numerous United States national parks, and take advantage of the fresh air and many outdoor activities that nature has to offer. “I’m a successful lawyer from San Francisco,” says Gavin Murphy. “____17____ I usually go to Yosemite National Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjoy the peace and quiet.” ____18____ They can go fishing in a cold stream, hiking on a winding nature trail, or biking along scenic paths. At certain times of the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures on a variety of topics are offered to park guests. Camping out does have its disadvantages, however. ____19____ Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lots of mud to deal with. The weather can be quite cold at night, and there are always many mosquitoes (蚊子). Park rangers (护林员) recommend that visitors watch out for snakes, whose bites can be poisonous. They stress the fact that it is necessary that food be kept packed away, so that an unexpected bear doesn’t pay an unwelcome visit to some surprised guests. ____20____ “It might be nice to sit by a swimming pool and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rodriguez, a nature lover, “but nature is really so beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting people here. Nothing compares to a vacation like this!” A. If it rains, there is not much to do. B. Camping is not really my cup of tea. C. But every once in a while I like to get back to nature. D. Some of the visitors have no experience of being in the country. E. Yet, nature lovers continue to visit national parks year after year. F. But there are countless others who prefer a different kind of holiday. G. Visitors to national parks have a wide variety of activities to choose from. 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 On Nov.29, 2011, my little sister Lily was born. The whole family welcomed her arrival with ____21____ and open arms. We were thrilled to have a new addition to our family. As she grew, her ____22____ became apparent. We ____23____ she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____24____ with others. The smallest things would keep her entertained for long periods, and she would ____25____ the same routine happily throughout the day. At the age of three, Lily was taken to the hospital by my parents. We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症), and she would have ____26____ in communicating and forming relationships with others. My family were ____27____ to learn that our loved one would probably be unable to live a ____28____ life. Unaware of what exactly this would bring, we made a decision to consider autism a ____29____. And what a blessing it turned out to be! The diagnosis(诊断) brought our family ______30______, and we realized a deeper ______31______ for one another. Raising a child with a developmental disability is a(n) ______32______ process. Mistakes are ______33______. However, through it all, our family is always there watching over her, ______34______ a comfortable and safe environment for her at all times. And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family who can be ______35______ and her biggest cheerleaders when ______36______ is achieved. For those normal people, perhaps my experience might make you more ______37______ what is really important in life. As for me, autism has ______38______ been a combination of strength, courage and hope. It should not be ______39______ as a burden, but rather as a blessing to the families fortunate enough to ______40______ a different lifestyle. 21. A. patience B. curiosity C. surprise D. excitement 22. A. uniqueness B. carelessness C. kindness D. messiness 23. A. reported B. predicted C. noticed D. proved 24. A. fight B. communicate C. agree D. debate 25. A. repeat B. treat C. share D. provide 26. A. confidence B. belief C. pressure D. difficulty 27. A. disappointed B. calm C. heartbroken D. excited 28. A. different B. normal C. simple D. relaxing 29. A. sign B. test C. punishment D. blessing 30. A. closer B. tougher C. richer D. healthier 31. A. respect B. appreciation C. mercy D. regret 32. A. encouraging B. touching C. learning D. thinking 33. A. impossible B. serious C. important D. unavoidable 34. A. realizing B. ensuring C. reminding D. demanding 35. A. kept off B. relied on C. looked after D. helped out 36. A. position B. effect C. progress D. perfection 37. A. aware of B. curious about C. careful with D. interested in 38. A. finally B. suddenly C. actually D. legally 39. A. designed B. chosen C. known D. viewed 40. A. experience B. imagine C. change D. explain 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The latest technological advancement centering on the conversation at work, at school, and sometimes even at home, largely due ____41____ the emergence of chat-bots such as ChatGPT and Bard, ____42____ (be) Artificial Intelligence. These new conversational platforms use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to help users find instant answers, get creations, ____43____ learn new things. They can chat with you and provide responses that can help you do things. While most of the Internet agrees it’s not as good as a human at performing many tasks, the debate continues as to ____44____ AI has the power to replace certain jobs, or even spell the end of humankind. Of course, it brings undoubted benefits, ____45____ (depend) on how you use it. ____46____ (give) it’s often described in science fiction films and novels as a world-ending technology that results in killer robots, the present ____47____ (real) is less dramatic. AI is defined as a type of computer technology that is concerned with making machines work in an intelligent manner, similar to how the human mind works. ____48____ (actual), it means we can ‘train’ computers to learn, respond and make decisions, but it still requires the ability ____49____ (learn) from humans to get anywhere near good enough. While Al is a hot topic right now, the idea has existed for decades. The latest chat-bots are a form of Artificial Intelligence ____50____ can analyze huge amounts of data and generate responses, though they need a little reminder. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（满分20 分） 51. 假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校正在开展“创建美丽校园”的活动。请你用英语写一封倡议书。 要点包括： 1.创建美丽校园的重要性； 2 校园内的不文明现象； 3.你的态度。 注意： 1.词数80词左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分15分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As the bell was about to ring, our teacher announced a special assignment for next Monday: to share our gratitude for someone instead of giving a daily report. Hearing this, anxiety crawled over my body as the last thing I would do was speaking in front of the entire class! I couldn’t help complaining to my best friend Jenny. “You are the chief violinist in our school orchestra (管弦乐队), aren’t you?” she said. “So what’s the point of being afraid of speaking to our own classmates since you can handle acting in front of a large audience?” Her point made sense, but being in a performance meant being part of a team. I shook my head. Besides, there were so many people I was grateful to, and choosing just one seemed difficult. Even if I could pick someone, I wouldn’t know how to say “thank you”. And even if I figured out what to say, I was sure I’d stumble (结巴地说) on my words when speaking aloud! Standing there, with everyone’s eyes on me, I would feel the spotlight was wholly on me, and there would be no place for me to hide! “Oh no!” I covered my face with my hands and said, “I can’t do it, just can’t!” Real friends, the ones who know you well, don’t just do exactly what you ask. Jenny, always supportive and helpful, wrote something on a piece of paper and gently removed my hands from my face. She had drawn a cute cat with the word “CALM” written below it. “Nice meeting you; I am the ‘everything will be fine’ cat,” Jenny laughed and sounded exactly like a cat. Pretending to listen to the cat, she asked, “Well, kitty, you think my friend should come to my house tomorrow, so we can prepare our speeches together.” I laughed out loud and relaxed a lot. I have to say Jenny was there for me, always! The next day, I went to Jenny’s house. She suggested I talk about my mom, helping me patiently organize my thoughts into reasonable and heartfelt sentences. After that, we too k turns to rehearse (排练) our speeches to polish the expressions. By the end of the day, I felt more prepared and confident for Monday’s work. 注意： 1.续写词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before the speech, however, I changed my mind and wrote “Jenny” on the blackboard. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2023~2024学年度第二学期期中学情调研 高一英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do the speakers prefer eating now? A. Chicken. B. Salad. C. Soup. 2. What’s the main idea of this conversation? A. The time of exercise. B. The order of exercise. C. The effects of exercise. 3. How often do the speakers meet now? A. Every day. B. Five times per week. C. Once per week. 4. How did the woman learn the traditional dance? A. From her children. B. From her friends. C. From her parents. 5. What do we know about the woman? A. She values the meaning of her future work. B. She wants to make more money. C. She has decided to be a doctor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Leaving phones at home. B. Removing all social media apps. C. Making certain apps harder to find. 7. How does the woman usually use social media? A. On her personal laptop. B. On her work computer. C. On her phone. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why do the speakers want to take new courses? A. To get more credits. B. To satisfy their interests. C. To explore different cultures. 9. What will the speakers do next? A. Prepare lunch. B. Go to an office. C. Learn more about the courses. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Coach and player. C. Co-workers. 11. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Arranging a singing contest. C. Introducing a sports activity. 12. What is the man’s main purpose? A. To share British culture. B. To recall memories of university. C. To try different foods and desserts. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a village. B. At a school. C. At an airport. 14. What did the speakers mainly do during the trip? A. They taught classes. B. They built schools. C. They helped the homeless. 15. What did the woman like most about the trip? A. Playing with kids. B. Learning to be positive. C. Making new friends. 16. Who did the speakers go with on this trip? A. Schoolmates and teachers. B. Community members. C. Sports teammates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What may be people’s first impressions of the museum? A. It’s amazing. B. It’s unusual. C. It’s famous. 18. Where did Scott get the painting at first? A. At a special exhibition. B. Next to a trash can. C. From an art dealer. 19. What can be most expected to see at the museum? A. Traditional art pieces. B. Well-known masterpieces. C. Paintings with particular subjects. 20. What was the purpose of establishing the museum? A. To move people with good art. B. To show what art should be. C. To celebrate artists’ failure. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A recent survey (调查) shows that only about a third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice. 1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday? ·Finding：A full 24% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day. ·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day. 2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday? ·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only four times a day, half of the number doctors recommend. ·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs (病菌) to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds. 3. How often do you think about fighting germs? ·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should. ·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds. 1. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands . A. twice a day B. three times a day C. four times a day D. eight times a day 2. Which of the following is true according to the text? A. A third American seniors brush their teeth only once a day. B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth. C. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle. D. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. 3. The text probably comes from . A. a guide book B. a popular magazine C. a book review D. an official document 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了关于健康习惯的调查。在一天刷几次牙，洗手沐浴几次，以及多久考虑过和细菌战斗一次等方面描述了一些美国老年人的习惯，并给出了专家的建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据短文信息“Finding：And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day---half of the number which doctors recommend(发现：几乎百分之三十的老年人一天只洗四次手----是医生推荐量的一半。)”可见医生建议一天要洗八次手。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据短文信息“Step：Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else?(步骤：你知道不是你的厕所，而是你的厨房海绵携带的细菌比其他任何东西都多吗?)”可知，厨房海绵携带病菌的数量要比厕所还要多。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。A项“a guide book(指南)”；B项“a popular magazine(一本受欢迎的杂志)”；C项“a book review(书评)”；D项“an official document(官方文件)”。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A recent survey (调查) shows that only about a third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.(最近的一项调查显示，只有三分之一的美国老年人有正确的习惯。这里有一些发现和专家建议。)”可知，这篇短文主要介绍了一个关于健康问题的调查报告，并针对这些调查结果提出了相应的建议，由此可知，本文最有可能出自一本流行的生活类杂志。故选B。 B This weekend, thousands of motorcyclists are riding on the Black Hills for the annual Sturgis Motorcycle Fair. For many of them, an 8-year-old’s lemonade stand has become a popular stop. Wyatt started the free lemonade stand last year as a way to raise some money to buy a Lego set. But on the first day, he not only made enough cash to get his toys, but he was able to donate $200 to St. Jude Children’s Hospital. “So now, 50 percent goes to college,” he explained. “30 percent goes to St. Jude and the rest goes to... last year it was Legos, this year it’s a dirt bike.” This year, Wyatt’s lemonade stand went viral after someone posted about it on social media. “I’m still trying to figure out exactly what happened,” said his mother Robin Dennis. “This just blows my mind.” So far, the post has been shared more than 60,000 times and encouraged hundreds of bikers from all over the U.S. to the Sturgis motorcycle rally. “He loves it,” said Robin. “He loves seeing the people. He loves waving to the people. Even if they don’t stop, they ride by and honk their horn. He makes many friends and becomes more confident.” Whether he’s serving lemonade, posing for pictures, or sitting on a motorcycle, Wyatt has become something of a local celebrity. He’s raised enough to donate $4,500 to St. Jude this year and he has no plans to pump the brakes anytime soon. “As long as he’s having fun doing it and it’s what he wants to do, we’ll be out here every year serving lemonade to everyone who’s here,” his mother said. 4. Why do people stop by a lemonade stand? A. To advocate the annual fair. B. To worship the local celebrity. C. To support the little boy. D. To make lemonade for the charity. 5. What is Robin’s attitude toward Wyatt’s popularity? A. Relieved. B. Moved. C. Content. D. Amazed. 6. Which is closest in meaning to “pump the brakes” in Paragraph 5? A. Speed. B. Stop. C. Decline. D. Expand. 7. What can we learn from the story? A. Roses given, fragrance in hand. B. Birds of a feature flock together. C. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. D. Love shows more in action than in words. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了8岁的Wyatt在斯特吉斯机车集会上通过摆摊提供免费柠檬水来筹钱，他的摊位已经成了一个网红点，他把筹来的一部分钱存入大学费用里，一部分捐给医院，剩下的用来买想要的东西。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Wyatt started the free lemonade stand last year as a way to raise some money to buy a Lego set.(Wyatt去年开设了免费柠檬水摊位，以此筹集资金购买乐高玩具。)”可知，Wyatt设置免费柠檬水摊位是为了筹钱，由此可推测出，人们在他的摊位前停留是为了支持他。故选C。 【5题详解】 观点态度题。根据第三段中的“‘I’m still trying to figure out exactly what happened,’ said his mother Robin Dennis. ‘This just blows my mind.’(‘我仍在努力弄清楚到底发生了什么。’他的母亲Robin Dennis说。‘这简直让我大吃一惊。’)”可知，Robin Dennis对儿子的受欢迎感到吃惊。故选D。 【6题详解】 短语猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“He’s raised enough to donate $4,500 to St. Jude this year(今年，他已经筹集到足够的资金向圣犹达捐赠4500美元)”和最后一段中的“As long as he’s having fun doing it and it’s what he wants to do, we’ll be out here every year serving lemonade to everyone who’s here(只要他做得开心，而且这是他想做的，我们每年都会在这里为这里的每个人提供柠檬水)”可知，今年Wyatt已经筹集了足够的钱来给医院捐赠，而且他的母亲说只要他愿意做就会一直支持他的事业，由此可推测出，Wyatt不打算停下自己的慈善行动。pump the brakes意为“停下”，与stop意思相近。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Wyatt started the free lemonade stand last year as a way to raise some money to buy a Lego set. But on the first day, he not only made enough cash to get his toys, but he was able to donate $200 to St. Jude Children’s Hospital. ‘So now, 50 percent goes to college,’ he explained. ‘30 percent goes to St. Jude and the rest goes to... last year it was Legos, this year it’s a dirt bike.’(Wyatt去年开设了免费柠檬水摊位，以此筹集资金购买乐高玩具。但在第一天，他不仅赚了足够的钱买玩具，还向圣犹达儿童医院捐赠了200美元。‘所以现在，50%归大学，’他解释道。‘30%归圣犹达，其余归……去年是乐高，今年是越野摩托车。’)”可知，小男孩Wyatt一开始开设免费的柠檬水摊位是为了给自己的乐高玩具筹钱，而他筹到足够的钱买玩具后，他还把一部分钱捐给了医院，现在他继续做这件事，来给自己存学费、给医院捐钱、买想买的东西，由此可推测出，他的行为最能用“赠人玫瑰，手有余香”这句话来总结。故选A。 C 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.” 8. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A. News reports. B. Research papers. C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations． 9. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A. They’re socially inactive. B. They’re good at telling stories. C. They’re inconsiderate of others. D. They’re careful with their words. 10. Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research? A. Sports news. B. Science articles. C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B. Online News Attracts More People C. Reading Habits Change with the Times D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。人们常说“没有消息就是最好的消息”，类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体。在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media”可知，像“it bleeds”这样的传统说法适用于大众媒体，故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“you care a lot more how they react”可知，你非常在乎朋友听完你讲的故事后的反应，根据“You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”可知，你不想被当作一个“Debbie Downer”，说明Debbie Downer指的是“一个不为他人考虑的人”，故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles”可知，科技类的文章比非科技类的更有可能被人们讨论，故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.”可知，好消息在网络上传播得更快，影响更深远；说明文章主要讲的是好消息通过网络的传播，故选D。 D About 17 million blind and visually impaired (视力受损的) people live in China, according to a 2018 report. The nation does not have the same history of using guide dogs as exists in other countries. The first guide dogs were used in 1916, and many countries have a rich culture of working with man’s best friend to help the visually impaired. The cost of specialist training to produce such a reliable animal can add up to tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of US dollars. Dogs also have physical limitations, for example being color blind, causing allergies or sadly having a limited lifespan. This month, a team led by Zhongyu Li, at the University of Berkeley California, revealed a modern prototype (原型). The new four-legged model is designed to guide people with a lead, and is able to find the right way to avoid obstacles. Laser ranging systems recreate a virtual map of the robot’s surroundings and enable it to guide itself and the person through an environment with ease, even in narrow spaces. The type of coding needed for the robot to understand its relative position in space, and to account for dangers in a changeable environment, will not be easy or cheap to make it available to the public, especially in a population as large as China. It may still be far-fetched to imagine robots walking through the busy streets. As AI improves, along with the performance of robots, the dream may be realizable. Coding can be directly copied and put into mass produced units, with hardware also becoming cheaper by the year. Robotic guide dogs of the future will need to calculate routes in real time, accounting for many factors such as traffic density (密度), weather conditions and pedestrian footfall. Fast interconnected 5G networks with low latency and widespread coverage will be vital for this. The blind and visually impaired are a significant minority of the population, and for many the chance to lead an independent and normal life is often as a stepping stone to greater contributions within China’s economy. Robotics can expand horizons for disabled people and allow them to feel more included in society. 12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. How the first guide dogs came into being. B. The necessity lo train real-life guide dogs. C. How guide dogs help the visually impaired. D. The disadvantages of using real-life guide dogs. 13. What’s the function of the virtual map of the robot’s surroundings? A. To track the robot’s movement. B. To make the robot’s service life longer. C. To keep weather conditions informed. D. To help the robot lead the way successfully. 14. What is important for the application of robotic guide dogs according to the text? A. Good road conditions. B. Fast 5G networks. C. Full support from the blind. D. A virtual map of surroundings. 15. What can be inferred about robotic guide dogs from the text? A. They have yet to be mass-produced. B. They will surely replace real-life guide dogs. C. They are equipped with expensive hardware. D. They stand for a stepping stone to vision recovery. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着人工智能技术的进步，以及机器人性能的提高，机器人导盲犬的实现成为可能。机器人导盲犬可以帮助盲人拓宽残疾人的视野，让他们感觉更融入社会。而快速互联、低延迟和广泛覆盖的5G网络对此是至关重要的。因此因为技术的受限，现在的机器人导盲犬还没有大规模的制造。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。第二段“The first guide dogs were used in 1916, and many countries have a rich culture of working with man’s best friend to help the visually impaired. The cost of specialist training to produce such a reliable animal can add up to tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of US dollars. Dogs also have physical limitations, for example being color blind, causing allergies or sadly having a limited lifespan.”（第一只导盲犬于1916年投入使用，许多国家都有与人类最好的朋友一起帮助视障人士的丰富文化。培养这种可靠的动物的专业培训费用即使没有数十万美元，也可能高达数万美元。狗也有身体上的限制，比如色盲，过敏，或者可悲的是寿命有限。）讲述了培养导盲犬的花费大，而且导盲犬自身也有缺陷。因此本段主要讲述了使用狗作为导盲犬的不利条件。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Laser ranging systems recreate a virtual map of the robot’s surroundings and enable it to guide itself and the person through an environment with ease, even in narrow spaces.”（激光测距系统重建了机器人周围环境的虚拟地图，使其能够轻松地引导自己和人通过环境，即使在狭窄的空间。）可知，通过使用激光测距重建的虚拟地图，可以轻松地引导自己（机器导盲犬）和人通过环境。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“As AI improves, along with the performance of robots, the dream may be realizable. Coding can be directly copied and put into mass produced units, with hardware also becoming cheaper by the year. Robotic guide dogs of the future will need to calculate routes in real time, accounting for many factors such as traffic density (密度), weather conditions and pedestrian footfall. Fast interconnected 5G networks with low latency and widespread coverage will be vital for this.”（随着人工智能技术的进步，以及机器人性能的提高，这个梦想可能会实现。编码可以直接复制并投入批量生产，硬件也将在今年变得更便宜。未来的机器人导盲犬将需要实时计算路线，考虑到交通密度、天气条件和行人流量等许多因素。快速互联、低延迟和广泛覆盖的5G网络对此至关重要。）可知，要使得机器人导盲犬在现实中使用，快速互联、低延迟和广泛覆盖的5G网络是至关重要的。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“As AI improves, along with the performance of robots, the dream may be realizable. Coding can be directly copied and put into mass produced units, with hardware also becoming cheaper by the year. Robotic guide dogs of the future will need to calculate routes in real time, accounting for many factors such as traffic density (密度), weather conditions and pedestrian footfall. Fast interconnected 5G networks with low latency and widespread coverage will be vital for this.”（随着人工智能技术的进步，以及机器人性能的提高，这个梦想可能会实现。编码可以直接复制并投入批量生产，硬件也将在今年变得更便宜。未来的机器人导盲犬将需要实时计算路线，考虑到交通密度、天气条件和行人流量等许多因素。快速互联、低延迟和广泛覆盖的5G网络对此至关重要。）可知，伴随着人工智能技术的进步，以及机器人性能的提高和批量生产技术的进步，机器人导盲犬的实现是可能的。而快速互联、低延迟和广泛覆盖的5G网络是至关重要的。可推知，因为技术的受限，现在的机器人导盲犬还没有大规模的制造。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people enjoy spending their vacations swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurious hotels. ____16____ They head for the country, to one of the numerous United States national parks, and take advantage of the fresh air and many outdoor activities that nature has to offer. “I’m a successful lawyer from San Francisco,” says Gavin Murphy. “____17____ I usually go to Yosemite National Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjoy the peace and quiet.” ____18____ They can go fishing in a cold stream, hiking on a winding nature trail, or biking along scenic paths. At certain times of the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures on a variety of topics are offered to park guests. Camping out does have its disadvantages, however. ____19____ Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lots of mud to deal with. The weather can be quite cold at night, and there are always many mosquitoes (蚊子). Park rangers (护林员) recommend that visitors watch out for snakes, whose bites can be poisonous. They stress the fact that it is necessary that food be kept packed away, so that an unexpected bear doesn’t pay an unwelcome visit to some surprised guests. ____20____ “It might be nice to sit by a swimming pool and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rodriguez, a nature lover, “but nature is really so beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting people here. Nothing compares to a vacation like this!” A. If it rains, there is not much to do. B. Camping is not really my cup of tea. C. But every once in a while I like to get back to nature. D. Some of the visitors have no experience of being in the country. E. Yet, nature lovers continue to visit national parks year after year. F. But there are countless others who prefer a different kind of holiday. G. Visitors to national parks have a wide variety of activities to choose from. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲野外活动的益处和注意事项。 【16题详解】 由上文“Many people enjoy spending their vacations swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurious hotels.(许多人喜欢在假期里游泳、晒太阳和住在豪华酒店。)”可知，这里讲一些人对假期的选择。F项But there are countless others who prefer a different kind of holiday.(但还有无数其他人更喜欢不同类型的假期)符合语境，其中but与上文形成转折，且本句也有启下作用。故选F项。 【17题详解】 由下文“I usually go to Yosemite National Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjoy the peace and quiet.(我通常去Yosemite国家公园，在那里我睡在帐篷里，徒步旅行，享受宁静。)”可知，这里讲Gavin Murphy喜欢去大自然中旅行，C项But every once in a while I like to get back to nature.(但每隔一段时间我就喜欢回到大自然。)符合语境，其中get back to nature有启下作用。故选C项。 【18题详解】 由下文“They can go fishing in a cold stream, hiking on a winding nature trail, or biking along scenic paths. At certain times of the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures on a variety of topics are offered to park guests.(他们可以在寒冷的溪流中钓鱼，在蜿蜒的自然步道上徒步旅行，或者沿着风景优美的小路骑自行车。在一年中的某些时候，公园会为游客提供有导游的自然漫步和各种主题的有趣讲座。)”可知，这里主要讲户外游客可以参加很多活动。G项Visitors to national parks have a wide variety of activities to choose from.(国家公园的游客有各种各样的活动可供选择。)符合语境，其中a wide variety of activities和后文活动内容对应，有启下作用。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由下文“Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lots of mud to deal with. The weather can be quite cold at night, and there are always many mosquitoes (蚊子).(即使天气转晴，仍有很多泥要处理。晚上的天气可能很冷，而且总是有很多蚊子。)”可知，这里主要讲雨后露营的缺点。A项If it rains, there is not much to do.(如果下雨，就没什么可做的了。)符合语境，其中rains和后文lots of mud对应，有启下作用。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Park rangers (护林员) recommend that visitors watch out for snakes, whose bites can be poisonous. They stress the fact that it is necessary that food be kept packed away, so that an unexpected bear doesn’t pay an unwelcome visit to some surprised guests. (公园管理员建议游客注意蛇，因为蛇的叮咬可能有毒。他们强调，有必要把食物收起来，这样一只意想不到的熊就不会对一些惊讶的客人进行不受欢迎的访问。)”和下文““It might be nice to sit by a swimming pool and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rodriguez, a nature lover, “but nature is really so beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting people here. Nothing compares to a vacation like this!”(“坐在泳池边喝一杯可能很好，”热爱大自然的Tanya Rodriguez说，“但大自然真的很美，我在这里遇到了很多有趣的人。没有什么能比得上这样的假期!”)”可知，虽然在公园露营有危险，但游客们还是不断来这里，因为他们在大自然中体会到了有趣事、遇到了有趣的人，E项Yet, nature lovers continue to visit national parks year after year.(然而，自然爱好者年复一年地继续参观国家公园。)符合语境，其中Yet让前后文形成转折关系。故选E项。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 On Nov.29, 2011, my little sister Lily was born. The whole family welcomed her arrival with ____21____ and open arms. We were thrilled to have a new addition to our family. As she grew, her ____22____ became apparent. We ____23____ she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____24____ with others. The smallest things would keep her entertained for long periods, and she would ____25____ the same routine happily throughout the day. At the age of three, Lily was taken to the hospital by my parents. We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症), and she would have ____26____ in communicating and forming relationships with others. My family were ____27____ to learn that our loved one would probably be unable to live a ____28____ life. Unaware of what exactly this would bring, we made a decision to consider autism a ____29____. And what a blessing it turned out to be! The diagnosis(诊断) brought our family ______30______, and we realized a deeper ______31______ for one another. Raising a child with a developmental disability is a(n) ______32______ process. Mistakes are ______33______. However, through it all, our family is always there watching over her, ______34______ a comfortable and safe environment for her at all times. And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family who can be ______35______ and her biggest cheerleaders when ______36______ is achieved. For those normal people, perhaps my experience might make you more ______37______ what is really important in life. As for me, autism has ______38______ been a combination of strength, courage and hope. It should not be ______39______ as a burden, but rather as a blessing to the families fortunate enough to ______40______ a different lifestyle. 21. A. patience B. curiosity C. surprise D. excitement 22. A. uniqueness B. carelessness C. kindness D. messiness 23. A. reported B. predicted C. noticed D. proved 24. A. fight B. communicate C. agree D. debate 25. A. repeat B. treat C. share D. provide 26. A. confidence B. belief C. pressure D. difficulty 27. A. disappointed B. calm C. heartbroken D. excited 28. A. different B. normal C. simple D. relaxing 29. A. sign B. test C. punishment D. blessing 30. A. closer B. tougher C. richer D. healthier 31. A. respect B. appreciation C. mercy D. regret 32. A. encouraging B. touching C. learning D. thinking 33. A. impossible B. serious C. important D. unavoidable 34. A. realizing B. ensuring C. reminding D. demanding 35. A. kept off B. relied on C. looked after D. helped out 36. A. position B. effect C. progress D. perfection 37. A. aware of B. curious about C. careful with D. interested in 38. A. finally B. suddenly C. actually D. legally 39. A. designed B. chosen C. known D. viewed 40. A. experience B. imagine C. change D. explain 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了家人抚养患有自闭症的妹妹的故事以及从中感悟出的道理。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：全家人激动地张开双臂欢迎她的到来。A. patience耐心；B. curiosity好奇心；C. surprise惊喜；D. excitement激动。根据常识和下文中的“We were thrilled to have a new addition to our family.”可知，妹妹出生，作者家有了新成员，大家都很激动，由此可知，此处应为“激动”符合语境。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着她的成长，她的独特之处越来越明显。A. uniqueness独特性；B. carelessness粗心；C. kindness善良；D. messiness混乱。根据下文中的“she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____4____ with others.”可知，Lily有时显得冷漠，由此可知，她身上的“独特之处”越来越明显。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们注意到她有时显得很冷漠，无法与别人交流。A. reported报告；B. predicted预测；C. noticed注意到；D. proved证明。根据下文中的“she would appear distant at times and was unable to”可知，她有时候显得很冷漠，以及不能……，由此可知，此处是Lily的家人“注意到”的一些情况，符合语境。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们注意到她有时显得很冷漠，无法与别人交流。A. fight奋斗；B. communicate交流；C. agree同意；D. debate辩论。根据常识和下文中的“We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症)”以及“in communicating and forming relationships with others.”可知，Lily被诊断患有自闭中，由此可知，她在和别人交流有困难，所以此处应为“交流”符合语境。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最微小的事情也能让她开心很久，而且她会一整天都愉快地重复同样的事情。A. repeat重复；B. treat对待；C. share分享；D. provide提供。根据下文中的“the same routine happily throughout the day.”可知，Lily快乐地坐着同样的事情，由此可知，此处应为“重复”同样的事情，符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知她是一个患有自闭症的孩子，她在沟通和与他人建立关系方面有困难。A. confidence自信；B. belief信念；C. pressure压力；D. difficulty困难。根据常识和上文中的“We ____3____ she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____4____ with others.”可知，患有自闭症的Lily有时候很冷淡，并且不能与别人沟通，由此可知，她在和他人沟通、建立关系方面有“困难”符合语境，have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得知我们所爱的人可能无法过正常的生活，我的家人都很伤心。A. disappointed失望的；B. calm平静的；C. heartbroken伤心的；D. excited兴奋的。根据常识和上文中的“We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症)”可知，Lily患有自闭症，因此可能无法过正常的生活，所以家人很“伤心”符合语境。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得知我们所爱的人可能无法过正常的生活，我的家人都很伤心。A. different不同的；B. normal正常的；C. simple简单的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据常识和上文中的“We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症)”可知， Lily患有自闭症，且和别人交流建立关系有困难，所以，此处指的是Lily无法过“正常的”生活。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于不知道这将带来什么，我们决定将自闭症视为一种祝福。A. sign迹象；B. test测试；C. punishment惩罚；D. blessing祝福。根据下文中的“And what a blessing it turned out to be!”可知，作者认为这一结果是多么幸运啊，由此可知，作者一家把这种病视为一种“祝福”符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感激。A. closer更亲密的；B. tougher更艰难的；C. richer更富有的；D. healthier更健康的。根据上文中的“And what a blessing it turned out to be!”可知，作者认为这个诊断结果是一种祝福，因为照料自闭症的患者使得家人之间的关系更亲密，所以此处家庭更加 “亲密”符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感激。A. respect尊重；B. appreciation感激；C. mercy仁慈；D. regret后悔。根据上文中的“And what a blessing it turned out to be! The diagnosis (诊断) brought our family ____10____ ,”可知，这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，这使得在照顾家人的过程中，彼此“感激”符合语境。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：抚养一个有发育障碍的孩子是一个学习的过程。A. encouraging鼓励；B. touching触动；C. learning学习；D. thinking思考。根据常识和上文中的“Raising a child with a developmental disability”可知，抚养一个有发育障碍的孩子与抚养正常人不一样，会面临很多问题，所以，这是一个“学习”的过程。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：错误不可避免。A. impossible不可能的；B. serious严肃的；C. important重要的；D. unavoidable不可避免的。根据上文中的“Raising a child with a developmental disability”可知，抚养一个有发育障碍的孩子是一个学习的过程，所以，在这个过程中错误应该是“不可避免的”符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这一切中，我们的家人一直守护着她，确保她始终处于一个舒适、安全的环境中。A. realizing意识到；B. ensuring保证，确保；C. reminding提醒；D. demanding要求。根据上文中的“through it all, our family is always there watching over her”可知，我们的家人一直在那里守护着她，结合下文中的“comfortable and safe environment for her at all times”可知，Lily的家人永远在那里守护着她，此处表示这样作是“确保”她一直生活在舒服、安全的环境中。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lily知道她有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，是当她取得进步时她最大的支持者。A. kept off让开；B. relied on依靠；C. looked after照顾；D. helped out帮助摆脱困境。根据上文中的“she has a loving and supportive family who can be”可知，作者一家一直守护着Lily，所以Lily明白她有一个可以“依靠”的家。故选B项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lily知道她有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，是当她取得进步时她最大的支持者。A. position地位；B. effect影响；C. progress进步；D. perfection完美。根据上文中的“And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family who can be ____15____ and her biggest cheerleaders”可知，Lily明白自己有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，她还有最大的啦啦队，由此可知，此处指的是当Lily取得进步，家人们都会欢呼庆祝，所以此处指的是“进步”符合语境。故选C项。 【37题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：对于那些普通人来说，也许我的经历会让你们更清楚什么才是生命中真正重要的东西。A. aware of意识到；B. curious about好奇；C. careful with当心；D. interested in感兴趣。根据上文中的“For those normal people perhaps my experience might make you more”和下文中的“what is really important in life”可知，作者的经历会使让人们“意识到”人生中真正重要的是什么。故选A项。 【38题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福。A. finally终于；B. suddenly突然；C. actually实际上；D. legally合法地。根据上文中的“Unaware of what exactly this would bring, we made a decision to consider autism a ____9____ .”可知，由于不知道这将带来什么，我们决定将自闭症视为一种祝福，结合下文中的“been a combination of strength, courage and hope”可知，作者一家人没有把自闭症视为负担，而认为自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福，actually符合语境。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说，它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福。A. designed设计；B. chosen选择；C. known知道；D. viewed看作。根据上文中的“As for me, autism has ____18____ been a combination of strength, courage and hope.”可知，作者认为自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福，结合下文中的“as a burden”可知，此处指的是不应该把自闭症“看作”一种负担，be viewed as意为“被看作……”。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说，它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福。A. experience经历，体验；B. imagine想象；C. change改变；D. explain解释。根据上文中的“For those normal people, perhaps my experience might make you more ____17____ what is really important in life.”可知，作者认为他的经历会使让人们意识到人生中真正重要的是什么，结合下文中的“a different lifestyle”可知，作者的一家人照顾自闭症妹妹的经历是在“体验”一种不一样的生活方式。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The latest technological advancement centering on the conversation at work, at school, and sometimes even at home, largely due ____41____ the emergence of chat-bots such as ChatGPT and Bard, ____42____ (be) Artificial Intelligence. These new conversational platforms use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to help users find instant answers, get creations, ____43____ learn new things. They can chat with you and provide responses that can help you do things. While most of the Internet agrees it’s not as good as a human at performing many tasks, the debate continues as to ____44____ AI has the power to replace certain jobs, or even spell the end of humankind. Of course, it brings undoubted benefits, ____45____ (depend) on how you use it. ____46____ (give) it’s often described in science fiction films and novels as a world-ending technology that results in killer robots, the present ____47____ (real) is less dramatic. AI is defined as a type of computer technology that is concerned with making machines work in an intelligent manner, similar to how the human mind works. ____48____ (actual), it means we can ‘train’ computers to learn, respond and make decisions, but it still requires the ability ____49____ (learn) from humans to get anywhere near good enough. While Al is a hot topic right now, the idea has existed for decades. The latest chat-bots are a form of Artificial Intelligence ____50____ can analyze huge amounts of data and generate responses, though they need a little reminder. 【答案】41. to 42. is 43. and 44. whether 45. depending 46. Given 47. reality 48. Actually 49. to learn 50. that##which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。人工智能是最新的技术进步，主要集中在工作、学校，有时甚至在家里的谈话，文章对其进行了详细介绍。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：人工智能是最新的技术进步，主要集中在工作、学校，有时甚至在家里的谈话，主要是由于ChatGPT和Bard等聊天机器人的出现。due to意为“由于”，此处应用介词to。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：人工智能是最新的技术进步，主要集中在工作、学校，有时甚至在家里的谈话，主要是由于ChatGPT和Bard等聊天机器人的出现。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语advancement为第三人称单数。故填is。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：这些新的对话平台使用人工智能（AI）来帮助用户找到即时答案，获得创意并学习新事物。“find instant answers, get creations”和“learn new things”构成并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：虽然大多数互联网人都认为，在执行许多任务时，人工智能不如人类，但关于人工智能是否有能力取代某些工作，甚至意味着人类的终结，争论仍在继续。在宾语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据“the debate continues”可知，此处应用从属连词whether表示“是否”。故填whether。 【45题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：当然，它带来了毫无疑问的好处，这取决于你如何使用它。动词depend意为“取决于”，和谓语之间没有连词，和句子构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填depending。 【46题详解】 考查介词。句意：鉴于在科幻电影和小说中，它经常被描述为一种终结世界的技术，最终会产生杀手机器人，目前的现实情况并没有那么戏剧化。根据“it’s often described in science fiction films and novels as a world-ending technology that results in killer robots”可知，此处是指鉴于科幻电影和小说中它经常被描述为一种终结世界的技术，应用介词given表示“鉴于”。句首首字母应大写。故填Given。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：鉴于在科幻电影和小说中，它经常被描述为一种终结世界的技术，最终会产生杀手机器人，目前的现实情况并没有那么戏剧化。此处作主语应用名词reality表示“现实”。故填reality。 【48题详解】 考查副词。句意：实际上，这意味着我们可以“训练”计算机学习、做出反应和做出决定，但它仍然需要有向人类学习的能力，才能达到足够好的水平。此处应用副词actually表示“实际上”作状语。句首首字母应大写。故填Actually。 【49题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：实际上，这意味着我们可以“训练”计算机学习、做出反应和做出决定，但它仍然需要有向人类学习的能力，才能达到足够好的水平。ability意为“能力”，为抽象名词，应用to do不定式作后置定语。动词learn意为“学习”。故填to learn。 【50题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最新的聊天机器人是人工智能的一种形式，可以分析大量数据并生成响应，尽管它们需要一点提醒。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为a form of Artificial Intelligence，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（满分20 分） 51. 假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校正在开展“创建美丽校园”的活动。请你用英语写一封倡议书。 要点包括： 1.创建美丽校园的重要性； 2 校园内的不文明现象； 3.你的态度。 注意： 1.词数80词左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Dear fellow students, Nowadays, our school is launching an activity called “Building a beautiful campus”. I’m writing to call on everyone to take an active part, since an attractive campus can make our learning pleasant and thus improve our grades. However, some students can be seen running on the lawn, picking flowers or throwing rubbish everywhere, which harms our school environment. Without doubt, it’s high time that immediate measures should be taken to change the present situation. In my view, everyone is responsible for the beauty of our campus. Moreover, if we all avoid doing anything improper, our campus will become much more beautiful. Let’s take action now. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发起：launch→start 危害：harm→do harm to 吸引人的：attractive→appealing 在我看来：in my view→in my opinion 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Nowadays, our school is launching an activity called “Building a beautiful campus”. 拓展句：Nowadays, our school is launching an activity, which is called “Building a beautiful campus”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to call on everyone to take an active part, since an attractive campus can make our learning pleasant and thus improve our grades. (运用了since引导原因状语从句) [高分句型2] Without doubt, it’s high time that immediate measures should be taken to change the present situation. (运用了虚拟语气) 第二节（满分15分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As the bell was about to ring, our teacher announced a special assignment for next Monday: to share our gratitude for someone instead of giving a daily report. Hearing this, anxiety crawled over my body as the last thing I would do was speaking in front of the entire class! I couldn’t help complaining to my best friend Jenny. “You are the chief violinist in our school orchestra (管弦乐队), aren’t you?” she said. “So what’s the point of being afraid of speaking to our own classmates since you can handle acting in front of a large audience?” Her point made sense, but being in a performance meant being part of a team. I shook my head. Besides, there were so many people I was grateful to, and choosing just one seemed difficult. Even if I could pick someone, I wouldn’t know how to say “thank you”. And even if I figured out what to say, I was sure I’d stumble (结巴地说) on my words when speaking aloud! Standing there, with everyone’s eyes on me, I would feel the spotlight was wholly on me, and there would be no place for me to hide! “Oh no!” I covered my face with my hands and said, “I can’t do it, just can’t!” Real friends, the ones who know you well, don’t just do exactly what you ask. Jenny, always supportive and helpful, wrote something on a piece of paper and gently removed my hands from my face. She had drawn a cute cat with the word “CALM” written below it. “Nice meeting you; I am the ‘everything will be fine’ cat,” Jenny laughed and sounded exactly like a cat. Pretending to listen to the cat, she asked, “Well, kitty, you think my friend should come to my house tomorrow, so we can prepare our speeches together.” I laughed out loud and relaxed a lot. I have to say Jenny was there for me, always! The next day, I went to Jenny’s house. She suggested I talk about my mom, helping me patiently organize my thoughts into reasonable and heartfelt sentences. After that, we too k turns to rehearse (排练) our speeches to polish the expressions. By the end of the day, I felt more prepared and confident for Monday’s work. 注意： 1.续写词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before the speech, however, I changed my mind and wrote “Jenny” on the blackboard. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Before the speech, however, I changed my mind and wrote “Jenny” on the blackboard. Taking a deep breath, I began sharing my gratitude for Jenny’s constant support and genuine friendship. As I spoke, I kept my eyes on Jenny. I could see her widened eyes at first, and then a big smile. With the courage and confidence she had helped me build, the terrifying assignment finally turned into an “everything will be fine” success! As I finished speaking, she gave me a bear hug, while thunderous applause echoing in the classroom. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述作者因为内心的恐惧而不敢在全班同学的面前分享自己对某人的感激之情，而朋友珍妮一直鼓励她，并且第二天去了珍妮家排练了预演。 【详解】1.段落续写：①由首句内容“然而，在演讲之前，我改变了主意，在黑板上写下了“珍妮”。”可知，第二段可描述作者为什么要在演讲之前改变主意和最终的结果。 2.续写线索：改变主意——勇敢上台——表达感激——成功——两人拥抱 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①注视：keep my eyes on/focus my gaze on ②结束：finish/bring…to an end ③回荡：echo/resound 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude/thankfulness ②吓人的：terrifying/frightening 【点睛】【高分句型1】As I spoke, I kept my eyes on Jenny.（运用了由As引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】With the courage and confidence she had helped me build, the terrifying assignment finally turned into an “everything will be fine” success!（运用了省略了引导词that/which的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $