精品解析：2024届江苏省南通市如皋市高三下学期二模英语试题

null 2024年高考适应性考试（二) 英语试题 2024. 04.12 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Karen do? A. Check the time. B. Stop playing the piano. C. Apologize to her neighbors. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Karen, it’s almost half past ten now. I’m afraid your neighbors will get annoyed if you keep playing the piano. W: I didn’t know it was already so late. I’ll cut it off right away. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a bus. B. In the street. C. At a museum. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Jennifer, are we getting off at the next stop? W: No. We’re stopping at the science museum. There are still three stops next. M: I really want to get off now. I’ve been standing for long. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Michelle suggest Mark do? A. See a doctor. B. Control his diet. C. Try the new ice cream shop. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Michelle, let’s go to that new ice cream shop this afternoon. We can eat as much ice cream as we like there for just two dollars each. W: Mark, don’t you think you should go on a diet instead? M: You really talk like my doctor. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of the phone? A. It is expensive. B. It is outdated. C. It is of poor quality. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Could you tell me how much the phone costs? W: Around $800. This is the latest model, and it’s very popular with white collars. M: Do you offer any discount? If not, could you introduce me something cheaper? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A dinner party. B. A new restaurant. C. The cafeteria food. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: So, Mike, what do you think of the cafeteria food? M: It’s OK, I guess. It’s home-made food. Why do you ask? Don’t you like the food there? W: Well, to tell you the truth, I think it’s awful. M: But it’s cheap—only five dollars for dinner! 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is broken in the sales department? A. A light. B. A copy machine. C. An air conditioner. 7. What is Max going to do first? A. Deal with other urgent repairs. B Entertain important customers. C. Arrange a lunch appointment. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Max, the sales department called and said something about a broken air conditioner. Unfortunately, a meeting with important customers starts right after lunch and they want to make sure it works properly before the meeting. Can you go and see if you can fix it? M: Oh, I have a couple of urgent repairs first thing this morning, broken lights, broken copy machines and things. Can you check if someone can stay around until 12:00 noon or so? I should be able to look at it right before lunch time. W: I’ll call and find out. I’ll let you know in a while. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many people are expected to attend the party? A. About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350. 9. Why can't the party be held in the Pine Room? A. There's not enough room. B. The decoration isn't good. C. It is a bit far. 10. What will Dr. Darren do next Friday night? A. Listen to a report. B. Take part in a party. C. Work on a speech. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, Dr. Darren. We are planning to have a party next Friday. Which room could we use? Uh, we are expecting around 300 people. Dr. Dennis suggested the Pine Room, but there are too many used books inside and it can only hold 250 people. What would you suggest? M: One moment, please. I would suggest the White Room. It can hold 350 people at the most. Besides, it was newly decorated. Is it OK? W: Sure. Thank you. M: What time will you need it? W: I believe that 6:00 to 10:00 pm would be OK. M: OK. It’s all yours during those four hours. W: Thank you very much. Oh, Dr. Darren, would you please join us in the party on that day? M: I’d like to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I have to work on a speech with Dr. Miller that night. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why does the man make the call? A. The quality of the pizzas is poor. B. His delivery is seriously delayed. C. He got the wrong number of pizzas. 12. How does the woman solve the problem? A. Return the money. B. Send the pizzas once more. C. Take back the delivered pizzas. 13. What is the woman's attitude toward the man's complaint? A. Annoyed. B. Carefree. C. Apologetic. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 【解析】 【原文】W: City Pizzas. Can I help you? M: Hello. My name’s Henry Cox. I’m calling you because you delivered our pizza five minutes ago but you haven’t sent the number I ordered. W: Oh, that’s surprising. Can you give me your order number, please? M: Yes, it’s 1049. W: Well, let me check our records. I’ve got down that you wanted 13 pizzas, just… M: Did you say 13? I ordered 30, not 13! No wonder we haven’t got enough. W: I’m very sorry about that. So you’re missing 17 pizzas, aren’t you? M: That’s right. W: How about sending you all 30 this time? And they will be all hot. M: That would be great. How to deal with the 13 ones we have here? Shall we give them back? W: No, you keep them and we won’t charge you for them. It’s obviously our mistake. M: Thank you very much. W: Thank you for your understanding, Mr. Cox. We apologize for the mistake again. Bye. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Why did Sam miss some classes? A. He asked for sick leave. B. He took a trip to London. C. He looked after his father. 16. When will the speakers meet in the evening? A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00. 【答案】14. A 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Can I ask you a favor? W: What is it, Sam? M: Well, I was just wondering if you could help me with my history lessons because I’ve been absent for three days. W: Sure. Why were you absent for so long? M: I was pretty sick after my trip to London, so the doctor suggested that I should not attend classes for a couple of days in order to rest, and my father helped me ask for sick leave. I decided to ask for your help because you always get good grades in history. W: I’m sorry to hear that you were sick, Sam. Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. Where should we start? What is the last topic you have in your notes? M: Let me see. I do recall that the last notes I have are about the wars between Athens and Sparta. I missed pretty much everything that came after that period in history. W: OK. There is a lot of information to cover, then! M: So what time is convenient for you? Then I’ll come to your home. Say, 6:00 pm? W: We’d better start an hour later, because we usually have dinner at that time. M: OK. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How much is the most popular ticket? A. 39. B. 43. C. S5. 18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum? A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer. 19. Where is the fourth Madame Tussauds Museum? A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington. 20. What is the speaker about to do? A. Have a rest in a cafe. B. Hand out some guidebooks. C. Tour around the museum shop. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good afternoon. I would like to tell you about Madame Tussauds Museum before taking you around. First let me give you some information about the tickets. Well, our most popular ticket is £39. With that you can also visit three more London’s most popular top attractions. The standard price that you have to pay when visiting four attractions is £55! Madame Tussauds has a long history. It was started by a lady who worked for the French king. She was an art teacher. Here you can see life-sized figures of the most famous people in the world, like David Beckham, the footballer, or the Queen of England… Madame Tussauds is not only in London. The second Madame Tussauds opened in Amsterdam in 1992. And now there are museums in Las Vegas, Hollywood, New York… In 2008 the fourth American Madame Tussauds opened in Washington. After you visit, you can buy some gifts from the museum shop. And if anybody is hungry, there is a cafe and some great eating places in Baker Street. The museum is open seven days a week and you can see the times in the guidebook of the museum which I will give you in a minute. 第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Filming in the Wasatch-Cache National Forest The Kamas Ranger District handles film permits for the Kamas district of the Wasatch- Cache National Forest. To ensure that permits are issued in time for filming, the Forest Service requests that application form be handed in three to four weeks prior to filming. The fee structure for filming in the National Forest is as follows: Filming Special Use Fee 1 to 10 people-$150 per day 11 to 30 people-$200 per day 31 to 60 people-$500 per day Over 61 people-$600 per day Film Monitoring Fee 1 day filming-FREE Extra days-$200 per day Additional Fees Additional fees will be charged in the following situations: Large production (greater than 100 people), multiple site filming that may require additional film monitoring to protect natural resources and a performance agreement in the form of a deposited check. Upon approval, a Special Use Permit will be issued with a bill for collection. Checks should be made payable to “USDA Forest Service, ” and payment must be received before filming. Note Some areas of the forest are especially sensitive to impacts from vehicles, domestic animals, and people. These areas include wetlands, streams, lake shorelines, and most meadow areas. Filming requests in these sensitive areas will require special surveys to determine possible environmental impacts. The request may be denied. 21. What is one expected to do for filming? A. Issue the permit weeks before filming. B. Submit the application form in advance. C. Give top priority to time arrangement. D. Outline the fee structure in the forest. 22. How much will a week’s film monitoring be charged? A. $1200. B. $200. C. $1400. D. $600. 23. Which of the following will be charged additional fees? A. Paying the bill in cash. B. Entry into the sensitive areas. C. Production with over 61 people. D. Filming in different sites. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细说明了在Wasatch- Cache国家森林内进行电影拍摄所需的许可申请流程、费用结构以及注意事项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To ensure that permits are issued in time for filming, the Forest Service requests that application form be handed in three to four weeks prior to filming.(为确保及时发放拍摄许可，森林服务局请求在拍摄前三到四周提交申请表格。)”可知，在进入国家森林进行拍摄前，需要提前向森林服务局提交申请表格。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Filming Special Use Fee部分中的“Film Monitoring Fee 1 day filming-FREE Extra days-$200 per day(电影监控费；1天拍摄——免费；额外天数——每天200美元)”可知，一周的电影监控收费为：第一天免费，其余六天一天200美元，由此可知，一周的电影监控收费为6*200=1200美元。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Additional Fees部分中的“Large production (greater than 100 people), multiple site filming that may require additional film monitoring to protect natural resources and a performance agreement in the form of a deposited check.(大型制作（超过100人），可能需要额外电影监控以保护自然资源的多个地点拍摄，以及以存款支票形式的性能协议。)”可知，如果大型制作以及在多个地点拍摄，需要额外收费。故选D。 B Consciousness (意识) rises slowly, awakening with the dawn that brightens my room. Cool air clears my mind as I walk to the kitchen, where my husband is making his morning coffee. The fire he thoughtfully started is beginning to heat the living space. By my second cup, everyone is awake. After breakfast, we begin the busy work of a rural place. Chopping (砍) wood for the stove and clearing snow off steps and pathways. Our kids are big enough to be properly helpful and find joy in the work when everyone is doing it together. Then we take a walk through the fresh snow. We discover an amazing array of animals on display in the markings that they have left. After dinner, we play cards with a lot of energy and competitive interaction. Eventually, we’ll turn off the lights and with the fire crackling (噼啪作响), cuddle (拥抱) on the couch to watch the stars through the windows before heading off to bed. Weekends at the cabin (木屋) are magical. During the break, our family constantly balances the demands of work and school. I’m subject to my watch and alarm clock. But coming to the cabin on the weekend is like entering another world. Here, I don’t need to know what time it is-sunrise and sunset, hunger and chores set our schedule. The house and the woods around it are silent and dark, except for birdsong and the moon. Life seems less pressing, and it’s easier to live in the moment without distraction. When I get up the next morning, my son is already sitting in front of the fire, staring at the flames. I sit beside him, and he leans into me, sleepy and a bit sad. “What’s up?” I ask. “I just don’t want to go home yet. I like it better here.” I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.” I don’t really mean the cabin and I think he knows that. 24. What are paragraphs 1-3 mainly about? A. The reasons the family go to the cabin. B. The activities of the family at the cabin. C. The adventures of the family in the woods. D. The attitudes of the family to their cabin life. 25. Why does the author think weekends at the cabin are magical? A. She can reunite with her family. B. She enjoys the silence there most. C. She finds her life there more thrilling. D. She was not enslaved by tight schedules. 26. What does the cabin represent in the passage? A. A rural culture. B. An isolated life. C. A place of connection. D. An energetic interaction. 27. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Taking a Break B. A Weekend Picnic C. Embracing Our Life D. A Conscious Attempt 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者周末休息的小木屋的故事。 【24题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Cool air clears my mind as I walk to the kitchen, where my husband is making his morning coffee. The fire he thoughtfully started is beginning to heat the living space.”（当我走向厨房时，凉爽的空气使我头脑清醒，我的丈夫正在那里煮早晨的咖啡。他若有所思地生起了一堆火，开始给客厅供暖。以及第二段中“By my second cup, everyone is awake. After breakfast, we begin the busy work of a rural place. Chopping(砍) wood for the stove and clearing snow off steps and pathways.”（喝第二杯的时候，大家都醒了。早饭后，我们开始了农村的忙碌工作。劈柴生火，清理台阶和小路上的积雪。）和第三段中“After dinner, we play cards with a lot of energy and competitive interaction.”（晚饭后，我们玩纸牌，充满活力和竞争的互动。）可知，第1-3段主要讲的是一家人在小木屋的活动。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Weekends at the cabin (木屋) are magical. During the break, our family constantly balances the demands of work and school. I'm subject to my watch and alarm clock. But coming to the cabin on the weekend is like entering another world.”（在小木屋度过的周末很神奇。在休息期间，我们的家庭不断平衡工作和学习的需求。我受手表和闹钟的影响。但周末来到小屋就像进入了另一个世界。）以及第五段“Here, I don’t need to know what time it is-sunrise and sunset, hunger and chores set our schedule. The house and the woods around it are silent and dark, except for birdsong and the moon. Life seems less pressing, and it’s easier to live in the moment without distraction.”（在这里，我不需要知道时间——日出和日落，饥饿和家务设定了我们的时间表。房子和周围的树林寂静而黑暗，只有鸟鸣和月光。生活似乎没有那么紧迫，活在当下而不分心也更容易。）可推知，作者认为小屋的周末很神奇是因为她没有被紧张的日程所束缚。故选D项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.””（我明白他的意思。我微笑着搂住他。‘即使我们在家，这个地方也一直在这里，这里安静、安全，你爱的每个人都有时间陪你。’）可知，小屋代表了一个家庭成员相互联系的地方。故选C项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.””（我明白他的意思。我微笑着搂住他。“即使我们在家，这个地方也一直在这里，这里安静、安全，你爱的每个人都有时间陪你。”）可知，本文主要讲述了作者一家在木屋度过的周末休息生活，以及这种生活给他们带来的感受和意义，因此本文的最佳标题是Taking a Break（休息一下）。故选A项。 C One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important people say. That’s what people who get promoted say. But working long hours doesn’t drive better results. Never taking a vacation won’t lead to a promotion. So why are we so proud to talk about how busy we are all the time? In 2016, researchers from Columbia, Harvard, and Georgetown conducted a study to figure it out. They found busy people are perceived to be of high status, and interestingly, the status is heavily influenced by our own beliefs about social mobility. In other words, the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who skip leisure and work all the time are of higher standing. That’s why we feel like we have to appear busy, and there’s a view that if someone is knee-deep in meetings, emails, and stress, then they’re probably a big deal. This culture of busyness is making it hard for employees to find work-life balance. According to a recent study, one in five highly engaged employees is at risk of burnout. Personally, I’m going to stop saying “busy” when people ask me how I am. It sounds self-righteous (自以为是的) and sets the wrong tone. Phrases like “I have limited access to email” and “I’ll respond as soon as I get back” sound like you’re being held against your will from working as opposed to making the most of your time off. That’s why we recently launched the Out of Office Email Generator, a free tool you can use before your next long weekend or trip. You can share loud and proud that you won’t be checking email until you’re back. Managers need to think twice about emailing their teams on the weekend and talking about how busy they are. Leaders should take time off themselves and encourage employees to do the same. 28. What is a reason for the author to be in the habit of saying “busy”? A. He is actually proud to be fully occupied. B. He just follows successful people’s example. C. He thinks everyone should be devoted to work. D. He believes busyness ensures accomplishments. 29. Why do we tend to think that busy people are of high status? A. Our status can be down to our social mobility. B. Few people of high status have time for leisure. C. Our opportunity for success never comes easily. D. We hold the belief that hard work leads to success. 30. What does “I have limited access to email” sound like according to the author? A. I enjoy my time off work. B. I am forced to stop working. C. 1 am opposed to the work culture. D. I am too busy to check all emails. 31. Why was the Out of Office Email Generator launched? A. To stop managers talking about how busy they usually are. B. To allow for less time busy employees spend checking emails. C. To ensure employees as well as employers truly have time off. D. To encourage employers and employees to answer emails in time. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为什么人们总是自豪地谈论自己有多忙的原因。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important people say. That’s what people who get promoted say.”（我的一个坏习惯就是当别人问我过得怎么样时，我说‘忙’。有时是因为我真的很忙，但其他时候是因为我觉得我应该说这些。重要人物都这么说。升职的人都这么说。）可知，作者习惯说“忙”的原因是他只是以成功人士为榜样。故选B项。 29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“They found busy people are perceived to be of high status, and interestingly, the status is heavily influenced by our own beliefs about social mobility. In other words，the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who skip leisure and work all the time are of higher standing.”（他们发现，忙碌的人被认为地位高，有趣的是，这种地位在很大程度上受到我们自己对社会流动性的看法的影响。换句话说，我们越相信一个人有机会通过努力工作获得成功，我们就越倾向于认为那些不休闲而一直工作的人地位更高。）可推知，我们倾向于认为忙碌的人地位高是因为我们相信努力工作会导致成功。故选D项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Phrases like “I have limited access to email” and “I’ll respond as soon as I get back” sound like you’re being held against your will from working as opposed to making the most of your time off.”（像‘我使用电子邮件的权限有限’和‘我一回来就回复’这样的话听起来就像是你被强迫禁止工作，而不是充分利用你的休假时间。）可推知，根据作者的说法，“我使用电子邮件的权限有限”听起来像我被迫停止工作。故选B项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“That’s why we recently launched the Out of Office Email Generator, a free tool you can use before your next long weekend or trip. You can share loud and proud that you won’t be checking email until you’re back. Managers need to think twice about emailing their teams on the weekend and talking about how busy they are. Leaders should take time off themselves and encourage employees to do the same.”（这就是为什么我们最近推出了‘Out of Office Email Generator’，这是一个免费的工具，你可以在下一次长周末或旅行之前使用它。你可以大声而自豪地告诉他们，在你回来之前你不会查看电子邮件。管理者在周末给团队发邮件、谈论自己有多忙时，需要三思而后行。领导者自己应该休息，并鼓励员工也这样做。）可知，“Out of Office Email Generator”电子邮件生成器的推出是为了确保员工和雇主都有真正的休假时间。故选C项。 D Hundreds or even thousands of jackdaws (寒鸦) are known to launch into the winter sky at once from the treetops at sunrise, and then split into smaller groups to feed throughout the day. Now, ecologists know that this synchronized (同步的) departure is timed with a complicated behavior called “consensus decision-making”, where the majority agree to take action. To figure it out, researchers in the United Kingdom recorded hundreds of hours of their bird calls in Cornwall over several months. They measured when the first jackdaws began their calls, how loud the birds were, and how quickly the swell (增强) of calls rose, and then compared these sounds to footage (镜头) of those birds’ departures. The team found that the jackdaw group left together once the chorus of calls reached a critical mass--the more rapidly the chorus swelled, the earlier the birds left. “They all leave together in a few seconds. The sky just fills with black birds forthwith. It is just like a black snowstorm,” Alex Thornton, an ecologist at the University of Exeter, UK, told New Scientist. Every call is a jackdaw casting its vote to leave. “At first you just get a few calls, then more and more birds join in and it builds and builds. And the steeper the increase, the earlier they leave,” Thornton added. On rare occasions, when the intensity of the chorus doesn’t build enough and the jackdaws don’t agree, the birds instead launch off in small numbers. The team also found that once jackdaws reached a consensus they departed almost immediately, with hundreds of individuals flying in less than five seconds. When scientists played past recordings of calls back to the jackdaws, getting in the way of the group’s natural crescendo (渐强的声音), they were able to push forward the birds’ launching by more than six minutes. The birds did not, however, change their launch times in response to other noises. “The gregarious (群居的) birds prefer to leave as a group, although each jackdaw will have a slightly different preference as to when they want to leave, based on factors like their size and hunger,” Alex Dibnah, a University of Exeter graduate student and lead author of the study, said in a statement. “Leaving the roost (栖息处) together has various benefits, including safety from predators and access to information such as where to find food.” This research shows the critical role vocalizations (发声) play in group decision-making for this species. One next step for this research, according to the authors, is to figure out how human-created noises might affect this process and the spread of information throughout these communities. “Imagine a big roost near a town or busy road,” Thornton said. “If the birds can’t hear each other and can’t form a consensus to leave together, it could have big impacts on their population.” 32. What is the purpose of the research in Cornwall? A. To understand how jackdaws reach an agreement. B. To study what makes jackdaws’ departure time unique. C. To make a comparison of jackdaws’ calls with other birds’. D. To assess the importance of jackdaws’ complicated behaviors. 33. What does the underlined “forthwith” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Frequently. B. Gradually. C. Traditionally. D. Immediately. 34. What can be inferred about the jackdaw group from Paragraph 4? A. It can reach an agreement within seconds. B. Its launch times vary little from season to season. C. It can distinguish its natural calls from other noises. D. It makes no response to the past recordings of calls. 35. What do the researchers plan to study next? A. The impacts of human hunting on jackdaws’ population. B. The effects of noises on jackdaws’ group decision-making. C. The way jackdaws spread information in their communities. D. The role of jackdaws’ vocalizations in group decision-making. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现寒鸦集体起飞是由一种称为“共识决策”的复杂行为决定的，即大多数人同意采取行动。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now, ecologists know that this synchronized (同步的) departure is timed with a complicated behavior called “consensus decision-making”, where the majority agree to take action.(现在，生态学家知道，这种同步的离开是由一种称为“共识决策”的复杂行为决定的，即大多数人同意采取行动。)”可知，寒鸦这种同步的离开是由一种称为“共识决策”的复杂行为决定的，结合第二段中的“To figure it out, researchers in the United Kingdom recorded hundreds of hours of their bird calls in Cornwall over several months.(为了弄清楚这个问题，英国的研究人员在几个月的时间里记录了康沃尔郡数百小时的鸟类叫声。)”可知，为了弄清楚这个问题，康沃尔的研究团队进行了研究，由此可知，康沃尔进行研究的目的是为了弄清楚这种“共识决策”是如何达成的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“They all leave together in a few seconds. The sky just fills with black birds(他们在几秒钟内一起离开。天空布满了黑鸟)”可知，在几秒钟内这些鸟一起离开，天空不满黑鸟，结合第四段中的“The team also found that once jackdaws reached a consensus they departed almost immediately, with hundreds of individuals flying in less than five seconds.(研究小组还发现，一旦寒鸦达成共识，它们几乎会立即离开，数百只寒鸦在不到5秒钟的时间内飞走。)”可知，研究小组发现，一旦达成共识，他们会立即离开，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“立刻”意义相近，也就是他们几秒钟一起离开，天空“立刻”布满了黑鸟。故选D项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When scientists played past recordings of calls back to the jackdaws, getting in the way of the group’s natural crescendo (渐强的声音), they were able to push forward the birds’ launching by more than six minutes. The birds did not, however, change their launch times in response to other noises.(当科学家们播放过去的录音给寒鸦时，在它们自然渐强的过程中，他们能够将这些鸟的起飞时间提前6分钟以上。然而，这些鸟并没有根据其他噪音改变它们的起飞时间。)”可知，在播放过去的录音给寒鸦时，会导致寒鸦起飞时间提前6分钟以上，而播放其他的噪音对他们的起飞时间没有任何的影响，由此可知，寒鸦能区别他们自己的叫声和其他噪音。故选C项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“One next step for this research, according to the authors, is to figure out how human-created noises might affect this process and the spread of information throughout these communities.(根据作者的说法，这项研究的下一步是弄清楚人类制造的噪音如何影响这一过程以及信息在这些社区中的传播。)”可知，根据该项研究的作者所说，下一步研究是弄清楚人类制造的噪音如何影响这一过程，结合尾段““Imagine a big roost near a town or busy road,” Thornton said. “If the birds can’t hear each other and can’t form a consensus to leave together, it could have big impacts on their population.”( “想象一下，在城镇或繁忙的道路附近有一个大栖息地。”桑顿说，“如果鸟类听不到彼此的声音，不能形成共识一起离开，这可能会对它们的种群产生重大影响。”)”可知，如果鸟类听不到彼此的声音，不能形成共识一起离开，这会对它们的种群产生重大影响，由此可知，研究人员下一步计划研究的是噪音对寒鸦群体决策的影响。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In early October, Travis Gienger transported an enormous pumpkin (南瓜) from his home in Minnesota to the World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in California. His pumpkin set the record for the biggest one ever grown in North America. How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes? ___36___ Gienger, who teaches horticulture (园艺学) at Anoka Technical College, begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April, starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks, when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty. ___37___ They can absorb sunlight, nutrients from the soil, and water there. “At their peak, you’re watering them with at least 600 liters a day, ” he says. Depending on the variety, pumpkin plants can grow up to a dozen fruits on a single vine (藤曼) . But to maximize size, growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources. ___38___ But what exactly happens inside a pumpkin as it grows? Two factors drive natural growth: cell division and cell expansion. Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life. This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants. ___39___ Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination (授粉). ___40___ Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size. Still, there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety. This has led to competition for the best seeds. Following each harvest, many growers auction off (拍卖掉) the seeds from their biggest pumpkins, which will then be used for the following year’s plantings. A. Biology has the answers. B. Genetics also influences pumpkin growth. C. The following tips will give you a head start. D. Once it warms up, the plants are transferred outside. E. When it stops, cell expansion will then come into play. F. Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible. G. Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. G 39. E 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章从生物学的角度解释了种植者是如何让他们的南瓜长得很大的。 【36题详解】 根据前文“How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes?(有竞争力的种植者是如何让他们的南瓜长得很大的呢？)”可知，此处承接上文，揭开这个问题的答案所在。所以选项A“生物学有答案。”切合文意。故选A。 【37题详解】 根据前文“Gienger, who teaches horticulture (园艺学) at Anoka Technical College, begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April, starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks, when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty.(在阿诺卡技术学院教授园艺学的吉格尔从4月中旬开始种植南瓜，在明尼苏达州土壤太冷的前几周，他先在室内种植种子。)”和后文“They can absorb sunlight, nutrients from the soil, and water there.(它们可以从土壤中吸收阳光、养分和水分。)”可知，此处是指天暖和起来就把植物移到外面，所以选项D“一旦天气变暖，这些植物就被转移到室外。”切合文意。故选D。 【38题详解】 根据前文“But to maximize size, growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources.(但为了最大限度地扩大南瓜的大小，种植者只保留一两个南瓜，以减少每个果实对资源的竞争。)”可知，此处是指为了确保单个果实获得足够的养分，种植者也会去除杂草，所以选项G“种植者也出于同样的原因清除该地区的杂草。”切合文意。故选G。 【39题详解】 根据前文“Two factors drive natural growth: cell division and cell expansion. Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life. This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants.(驱动自然生长的因素有两个：细胞分裂和细胞扩张。细胞分裂是果实生长初期的主要过程。这个时期在南瓜植株中持续大约20天。)”和后文“Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination (授粉).(南瓜的细胞会在授粉后50或60天左右扩张。)”可知，此处是指当细胞分裂结束，细胞扩张就开始了，所以选项E“当它停止时，细胞扩张就会开始发挥作用。”切合文意。故选E。 【40题详解】 根据后文“Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size. Still, there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety.(一些品种的南瓜是专门培育的，以最大限度地提高它们的大小。尽管如此，即使在同一品种的南瓜之间也存在遗传变异。)”可知，此处是指基因也会影响南瓜的大小。所以选项B“基因也会影响南瓜的生长。”切合文意。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the beginning of my journey of learning Peking opera, I had____41____ that I could manage to perform it outstandingly. Later I found out I was____42____. The most difficult part is that a singer has to first understand the ____43____ of a character. Once, I acted as Lin Chong, the hero of Outlaws of the Marsh. It was hard for me to understand his emotions when he was ____44____ for Liangshan on a snowy night. I couldn’t sing or perform as if I ____45____ was Lin, and so I felt very frustrated. My teacher seemed to recognize my____46____.One day, she approached me, and said with great ____47____, “The future is like the sea full of chances. There will be a long way to go before you can ____48____. Wipe the tears away from your eyes and keep ____49____.!” After hearing my teacher's touching words, I suddenly felt _____50_____. I bought a copy of Outlaws of the Marsh and began to read it at once. While reading one part of the novel, I understood that Lin was recalling his life while he was on the way to Liangshan，_____51_____. in the cold moonlight. He had to leave his family, his job and so on. After I finished reading the novel, I spent a whole evening _____52_____ his life story. After that, I spent more time practicing, and I_____53_____won the award at the city competition. This experience has further strengthened my beliefs and _____54_____ the meaning and value of life for me. As long as we catch the _____55_____ and take full advantage of it, we will succeed. 41. A. evidence B. faith C. reason D. doubt 42. A. mistaken B. occupied C. hopeful D. anxious 43. A. mission B. influence C. emotions D. instructions 44. A. explaining B. heading C. allowing D. searching 45. A. truly B. secretly C. obviously D. suddenly 46. A. conflict B. violence C. plot D. problem 47. A. guilt B. concern C. gratitude D. curiosity 48. A. suspect B. respond C. tolerate D. succeed 49. A. repeating B. smiling C. practicing D. waiting 50. A. inspired B. panicked C. honored D. convinced 51. A. relaxed B. bathed C. abandoned D. separated 52. A. making up B. polishing up C. figuring out D. preparing for 53. A. eventually B. gradually C. particularly D. frequently 54. A. defended B. clarified C. recommended D. shared 55. A. breath B. moment C. passion D. chance 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习京剧并克服困难，最终取得成功的个人经历和心路历程。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我开始学习京剧之初，我坚信自己能够出色地表演京剧。A. evidence证据；B. faith信念；C. reason理由；D. doubt怀疑。根据空后“that I could manage to perform it outstandingly”以及“Later I found out I was ____2____ .”可推测，作者一开始坚信自己能够出色表演京剧，但是后来遇到了困难。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来我发现我错了。A. mistaken犯错的；B. occupied使用中的、忙的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“I had ____1____ that I could manage to perform it outstandingly”可推测，作者本以为自己会很出色地表演京剧，但是情况并非如此，所以作者错了。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最困难的部分是表演者必须首先理解角色的情感。A. mission任务；B. influence影响；C. emotions情感；D. instructions指示。根据下文“It was hard for me to understand his emotions when he was ____4____ for Liangshan on a snowy night.”可知，作者认为演员必须理解角色的情感。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在一个风雪交加的夜晚前往梁山时，我很难理解他的情感。A. explaining解释；B. heading前往；C. allowing允许；D. searching寻找。根据空后的“for Liangshan”以及下文“While reading one part of the novel, I understood that Lin was recalling his life while he was on the way to Liangshan”可知，作者指的是无法理解林冲被迫上梁山时的情感。考查短语：head for，意为“前往”，符合句意。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我无法唱出或表现出自己真的是林冲，因此我感到非常沮丧。A. truly真实地；B. secretly秘密地；C. obviously明显地；D. suddenly突然。根据上文“The most difficult part is that a singer has to first understand the ____3____ of a character.”以及常理可知，演员要代入角色之中，由此可知，作者苦恼自己并没有表演得和林冲一样。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老师似乎发现了我的问题。A. conflict冲突；B. violence暴力；C. plot情节；D. problem问题。根据上文“I couldn’t sing or perform as if I ____5____ was Lin, and so I felt very frustrated.”可知，作者在京剧表演上遇到了问题。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，她走近我，非常关切地说道：“未来就像充满机会的大海。在你成功之前还有很长的路要走。擦干眼泪，继续练习！”A. guilt罪行；内疚；B. concern担忧、关切；C. gratitude感激；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“The future is like the sea full of chances. There will be a long way to go before you can ____8____ . Wipe the tears away from your eyes and keep ____9____ .!”可推测，作者的老师对作者非常关心，才说出这段安慰作者的话语。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，她走近我，非常关切地说道：“未来就像充满机会的大海。在你成功之前还有很长的路要走。擦干眼泪，继续练习！”A. suspect怀疑；B. respond回复；C. tolerate忍受；D. succeed成功。根据文章最后一段“As long as we catch the ____15____ and take full advantage of it, we will succeed”可推测，作者的老师认为，我们需要经历很多才能成功。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，她走近我，非常关切地说道：“未来就像充满机会的大海。在你成功之前还有很长的路要走。擦干眼泪，继续练习！”A. repeating重复；B. smiling微笑；C. practicing练习；D. waiting等待。根据上文“There will be a long way to go”以及下文“After that, I spent more time practicing”可知，作者的老师激励作者继续练习。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到老师感人至深的话后，我突然感到受到鼓舞。A. inspired受到激励的；B. panicked恐慌的；C. honored深感荣幸的；D. convinced确信的。根据下文“I bought a copy of Outlaws of the Marsh and began to read it at once.”可知，作者听了老师的话，深受鼓舞。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在阅读小说的某一部分时，我理解了林冲在前往梁山的路上，寒冷的月光下，他正在回忆他以前的生活。A. relaxed使放松；B. bathed沐浴；C. abandoned放弃；D. separated分开。根据空后的“in the cold moonlight”以及句意可知，空处考查短语：be bathed in，意为“沐浴在……中、沉浸在……中”，符合句意。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：读完这本小说后，我花了一整晚的时间弄清楚他的生活经历。A. making up组成、编造；B. polishing up润色；C. figuring out弄清楚；D. preparing for为……准备。根据上文可知，作者买了一本《水浒传》，认真读书，由此可知，作者是花了一整晚的时间弄清楚林冲的生活经历，从而更好地理解人物性格，了解人物情感。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：之后，我花了更多的时间练习，最终我在市比赛中赢得了奖项。A. eventually最终；B. gradually逐渐；C. particularly特别；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文“After I finished reading the novel, I spent a whole evening ____12____ his life story. After that, I spent more time practicing”可知，作者在进行了充分的准备后，终于赢得了奖项。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历进一步坚定了我的信念，明确了人生的意义和价值。A. defended防御；B. clarified澄清、阐明；C. recommended推荐；D. shared分享。根据上文“further strengthened my beliefs”以及文意可知，作者经过这件事后，更加明确了人生的意义和价值。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要我们抓住机会并充分利用它，我们就会成功。A. breath呼吸；B. moment片刻；C. passion热情；D. chance机会。根据上文“The future is like the sea full of chances”可知，作者指的是抓住机会，利用机会，我们就会成功。故选D。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people may throw away the pits (核) or nuts after eating fruits, but inheritors (传承人) of nut carving have instead collected them and turned them into artworks. “One nut,____56____ (range) from 0.8 to 6 centimetres, can be made into delicate fan pendants (扇坠), earrings, buttons, seals, ect,” said Tan Wanhai,____57____ inheritor of Weifang nut carving. Weifang nut carving ____58____ (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time, retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province. Craftsmen back then often used peach pits ____59____ (show) off their artistic skills. Due to the rigorous (严谨缜密的) carving skills____60____ its rich artistic content, Weifang nut carving____61____ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008. Tan couldn’t forget____62____ impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving. Yet, the 48-year-old craftsman also admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing. “Unlike some pits____63____a flat surface, each peach pit has its own unique texture (纹理),” Tan said, adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork. “Now, the number of inheritors is about 1,000. But I believe it could be ____64____ (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the _____65_____ (occupy) to anyone who is interested,” added Tan. 【答案】56. ranging 57. an 58. dates 59. to show 60. and 61. was listed 62. how 63. with 64. higher 65. occupation 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了潍坊核雕的历史和特色。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：潍坊核雕传承人谭万海说：“一颗坚果，直径从0.8厘米到6厘米不等，可以制成精致的扇子挂件、耳环、纽扣、印章等。”此处range与nut构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填ranging。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意：潍坊核雕传承人谭万海说：“一颗坚果，直径从0.8厘米到6厘米不等，可以制成精致的扇子挂件、耳环、纽扣、印章等。”此处inheritor为泛指，且inheritor是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【58题详解】 考查时态。句意：潍坊核雕的历史可以追溯到清朝。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Weifang nut carving，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当时的工匠经常用桃核来展示他们的艺术技能。短语use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填to show。 【60题详解】 考查连词。句意：由于精湛的雕刻技艺和丰富的艺术内涵，潍坊核雕于2008年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【61题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：由于精湛的雕刻技艺和丰富的艺术内涵，潍坊核雕于2008年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。主语Weifang nut carving与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 2008可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was listed。 【62题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：谭无法忘记他第一次看到核雕时的印象。引导宾语从句，表示“多么”修饰impressed应用how。故填how。 【63题详解】 考查介词。句意：“与一些表面平坦的桃核不同，每个桃核都有自己独特的纹理，”谭说，并补充说，工匠们必须研究和追踪每个桃核，以仔细规划他们的艺术品。后跟名词作宾语，表示“有”应用介词with。故填with。 【64题详解】 考查比较级。句意：但我相信，随着越来越多的工匠放弃只通过家庭传承技艺的传统，并向任何感兴趣的人开放这一职业，这个数字可能会更高。根据后文“as more craftsmen”可知，应用比较级形式。故填higher。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：但我相信，随着越来越多的工匠放弃只通过家庭传承技艺的传统，并向任何感兴趣的人开放这一职业，这个数字可能会更高。作动词的宾语，特指核雕职业，应用单数名词occupation。故填occupation。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，你校将在毕业仪式活动中举办展览，邀请每位同学提供成长过程中具有纪念意义的物品参展，并撰写展品介绍供参观者阅读。你会提供什么物品？写一篇物品介绍，内容包括： 1. 对该物品的简要描述；2. 你选择该物品参展的原因。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 I choose to exhibit _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version I choose to exhibit Teddy. It is a brown bear with a red bow tie, and it has been my companion since I was a little kid. Teddy represents my happy childhood when I had no worries and everything was simple and pure. Moreover, it is also a symbol of love and warmth. It was a gift from my parents on my third birthday. It shows their love and affection for me, and it is a precious memory that I cherish. In my opinion, Teddy is not just a stuffed animal, but a precious item that carries my childhood memories and family love. I hope that by exhibiting it, I can share my happy childhood with you and remind you of the importance of cherishing the simple things in life. Another possible version I choose to exhibit this notebook. In my middle school days, I received it. The cover of the notebook is a light blue color with simple patterns printed on it, giving a fresh and comfortable feeling. Every page of the notebook is filled with my learning notes. I choose this notebook to exhibit because it is very important to me. It was awarded to me by my middle school teacher in recognition of my progress and efforts in learning. Whenever I see this notebook, I will recall my high school days, as well as the teacher’s encouragement and expectations for me. I hope that through this exhibition, I can share my growth journey with my classmates, and also inspire everyone to cherish their own growth memories and bravely embrace a better future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将在毕业仪式活动中举办展览，邀请每位同学提供成长过程中具有纪念意义物品参展。要求考生为自己提供的展品撰写展品介绍供参观者阅读。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 充满：be filled with→be full of 选择：choose→select 回想：recall→think back 珍惜：cherish→value 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I choose this notebook to exhibit because it is very important to me. 拓展句：The reason why I choose this notebook to exhibit is that it is very important to me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The cover of the notebook is a light blue color with simple patterns printed on it, giving a fresh and comfortable feeling. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Whenever I see this notebook, I will recall my high school days, as well as the teacher’s encouragement and expectations for me. (运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alvin Bamburg, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane, Louisiana, last December when something caught his eye. Among the fallen branches and leaves, it looked like litter. But Bamburg was attracted and picked it up. “God just told me,” he later recounted. As he drew closer, he saw that it was a broken balloon. Attached was a piece of paper decorated with sparkly star stickers. It was a child’s Christmas wish list. “Dear Santa,” the handwritten note read. “My name is Luna. I am four years old. I live in Liberal, Kansas. This year I have been nice. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, Frozen doll. With love, Luna.” Bamburg’s heart hammered in his chest. Ever since he was a child, he had dreamed of this very scenario. “Years ago,” he says, “classes at school released balloons with notes. I’ve always wanted to find one.” He believed this was his childhood wish coming true. And he knew he was going to make Luna’s wish come true too. However, the task seemed impossible, as Liberal, Kansas, is more than 650 miles from Grand Cane, Louisiana. But Bamburg’s wife, Lee Ann Bamburg, didn’t mind the distance. As an enthusiastic Facebook user, she had seen other people find all sorts of connections through the site and thought it might help her husband find Luna. The next day Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page, asking for help locating the sender. At first, he wasn’t confident the strategy would work. But as he saw the number of shares and comments on his post climbed into the hundreds, his hope grew into expectation. “I knew we were going to find Luna.” Alvin said. And indeed, they did. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day Luna’s mother came across the post. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When they arrived at Luna’s home, the entire family was surprised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 One day Luna’s mother came across the post. Her heart skipped a beat as he recognized her daughter’s handwriting. It was indeed Luna’s wish list that had somehow travelled all those miles, across states and through the woods, to find its way into Alvin’s hands. Excitedly, she contacted Alvin, confirming that the list belonged to her daughter, Luna. Overjoyed, Alvin and Lee Ann immediately set out to fulfill Luna’s wishes. With all the gifts ready, Alvin and Lee Ann decided to deliver them to Luna personally. They drove the long distance from Louisiana to Kansas, eager to surprise Luna. When they arrived at Luna’s home, the entire family was surprised. Seeing this stranger holding the gifts filled Luna with delight. She eagerly received each gift, her eyes sparkling with joy. Alvin watched Luna’s delighted face with a heart full of contentment. It was as if he had fulfilled a childhood dream of his own. They spent a wonderful day together. Since then, every Christmas, Alvin receives heartfelt thank-you letters and handmade cards from Luna. Their friendship, despite the distance, has become a lasting legend. And that forgotten balloon in the woods remains a cherished memory between them. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了66岁的阿尔文·班伯格在树林里见到了露娜的愿望清单，于是他通过Facebook联系到了露娜，帮助露娜实现了愿望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一天，露娜的妈妈看到了这封邮件”可知，第一段可描写露娜妈妈看到清单时的感受以及阿尔文前去找露娜。 ②由第二段首句内容“当他们到达露娜的家时，全家人都很惊讶”可知，第二段可描写阿尔文实现了露娜的愿望清单，两家人成为朋友。 2.续写线索：看到邮件——认出笔迹——阿尔文实现愿望——露娜惊喜——度过美好一天——成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①实现：fulfill/realize ②决定：decide to/be determined to ③确认：confirm/identify 情绪类 ①快乐：overjoyed/joy/happiness ②珍贵：cherished/valuable 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was indeed Luna’s wish list that had somehow travelled all those miles, across states and through the woods, to find its way into Alvin’s hands. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] Excitedly, she contacted Alvin, confirming that the list belonged to her daughter, Luna. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年高考适应性考试（二) 英语试题 2024. 04.12 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Karen do? A. Check the time. B. Stop playing the piano. C. Apologize to her neighbors. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a bus. B. In the street. C. At a museum. 3. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Michelle suggest Mark do? A. See a doctor. B. Control his diet. C. Try the new ice cream shop. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of the phone? A. It is expensive. B. It is outdated. C. It is of poor quality. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A dinner party. B. A new restaurant. C. The cafeteria food. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is broken in the sales department? A. A light. B. A copy machine. C. An air conditioner. 7. What is Max going to do first? A. Deal with other urgent repairs. B. Entertain important customers. C. Arrange a lunch appointment. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many people are expected to attend the party? A. About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350. 9. Why can't the party be held in the Pine Room? A. There's not enough room. B. The decoration isn't good. C It is a bit far. 10. What will Dr. Darren do next Friday night? A. Listen to a report. B. Take part in a party. C. Work on a speech. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why does the man make the call? A. The quality of the pizzas is poor. B. His delivery is seriously delayed. C. He got the wrong number of pizzas. 12. How does the woman solve the problem? A. Return the money. B. Send the pizzas once more. C. Take back the delivered pizzas. 13. What is the woman's attitude toward the man's complaint? A. Annoyed. B. Carefree. C. Apologetic. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Why did Sam miss some classes? A. He asked for sick leave. B. He took a trip to London. C. He looked after his father. 16. When will the speakers meet in the evening? A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How much is the most popular ticket? A. 39. B. 43. C. S5. 18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum? A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer. 19. Where is the fourth Madame Tussauds Museum? A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington. 20. What is the speaker about to do? A. Have a rest in a cafe. B. Hand out some guidebooks. C. Tour around the museum shop. 第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Filming in the Wasatch-Cache National Forest The Kamas Ranger District handles film permits for the Kamas district of the Wasatch- Cache National Forest To ensure that permits are issued in time for filming, the Forest Service requests that application form be handed in three to four weeks prior to filming. The fee structure for filming in the National Forest is as follows: Filming Special Use Fee 1 to 10 people-$150 per day 11 to 30 people-$200 per day 31 to 60 people-$500 per day Over 61 people-$600 per day Film Monitoring Fee 1 day filming-FREE Extra days-$200 per day Additional Fees Additional fees will be charged in the following situations: Large production (greater than 100 people), multiple site filming that may require additional film monitoring to protect natural resources and a performance agreement in the form of a deposited check. Upon approval, a Special Use Permit will be issued with a bill for collection. Checks should be made payable to “USDA Forest Service, ” and payment must be received before filming. Note Some areas of the forest are especially sensitive to impacts from vehicles, domestic animals, and people. These areas include wetlands, streams, lake shorelines, and most meadow areas. Filming requests in these sensitive areas will require special surveys to determine possible environmental impacts. The request may be denied. 21. What is one expected to do for filming? A. Issue the permit weeks before filming. B. Submit the application form in advance. C. Give top priority to time arrangement. D. Outline the fee structure in the forest. 22. How much will a week’s film monitoring be charged? A. $1200. B. $200. C. $1400. D. $600. 23. Which of the following will be charged additional fees? A. Paying the bill in cash. B. Entry into the sensitive areas. C. Production with over 61 people. D. Filming in different sites. B Consciousness (意识) rises slowly, awakening with the dawn that brightens my room. Cool air clears my mind as I walk to the kitchen, where my husband is making his morning coffee. The fire he thoughtfully started is beginning to heat the living space. By my second cup, everyone is awake. After breakfast, we begin the busy work of a rural place. Chopping (砍) wood for the stove and clearing snow off steps and pathways. Our kids are big enough to be properly helpful and find joy in the work when everyone is doing it together. Then we take a walk through the fresh snow. We discover an amazing array of animals on display in the markings that they have left. After dinner, we play cards with a lot of energy and competitive interaction. Eventually, we’ll turn off the lights and with the fire crackling (噼啪作响), cuddle (拥抱) on the couch to watch the stars through the windows before heading off to bed. Weekends at the cabin (木屋) are magical. During the break, our family constantly balances the demands of work and school. I’m subject to my watch and alarm clock. But coming to the cabin on the weekend is like entering another world. Here, I don’t need to know what time it is-sunrise and sunset, hunger and chores set our schedule. The house and the woods around it are silent and dark, except for birdsong and the moon. Life seems less pressing, and it’s easier to live in the moment without distraction. When I get up the next morning, my son is already sitting in front of the fire, staring at the flames. I sit beside him, and he leans into me, sleepy and a bit sad. “What’s up?” I ask. “I just don’t want to go home yet. I like it better here.” I know what he means. I smile and put my arms around him. “Even when we’re home, this place is always here, where it’s quiet and safe, and everyone you love has time for you.” I don’t really mean the cabin, and I think he knows that. 24. What are paragraphs 1-3 mainly about? A. The reasons the family go to the cabin. B. The activities of the family at the cabin. C. The adventures of the family in the woods. D. The attitudes of the family to their cabin life. 25. Why does the author think weekends at the cabin are magical? A. She can reunite with her family. B. She enjoys the silence there most. C. She finds her life there more thrilling. D. She was not enslaved by tight schedules. 26. What does the cabin represent in the passage? A. A rural culture. B. An isolated life. C. A place of connection. D. An energetic interaction. 27. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Taking a Break B. A Weekend Picnic C. Embracing Our Life D. A Conscious Attempt C One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important people say. That’s what people who get promoted say. But working long hours doesn’t drive better results. Never taking a vacation won’t lead to a promotion. So why are we so proud to talk about how busy we are all the time? In 2016, researchers from Columbia, Harvard, and Georgetown conducted a study to figure it out. They found busy people are perceived to be of high status, and interestingly, the status is heavily influenced by our own beliefs about social mobility. In other words, the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who skip leisure and work all the time are of higher standing. That’s why we feel like we have to appear busy, and there’s a view that if someone is knee-deep in meetings, emails, and stress, then they’re probably a big deal. This culture of busyness is making it hard for employees to find work-life balance. According to a recent study, one in five highly engaged employees is at risk of burnout. Personally, I’m going to stop saying “busy” when people ask me how I am. It sounds self-righteous (自以为是的) and sets the wrong tone. Phrases like “I have limited access to email” and “I’ll respond as soon as I get back” sound like you’re being held against your will from working as opposed to making the most of your time off. That’s why we recently launched the Out of Office Email Generator, a free tool you can use before your next long weekend or trip. You can share loud and proud that you won’t be checking email until you’re back. Managers need to think twice about emailing their teams on the weekend and talking about how busy they are. Leaders should take time off themselves and encourage employees to do the same. 28. What is a reason for the author to be in the habit of saying “busy”? A He is actually proud to be fully occupied. B. He just follows successful people’s example. C. He thinks everyone should be devoted to work. D. He believes busyness ensures accomplishments. 29. Why do we tend to think that busy people are of high status? A. Our status can be down to our social mobility. B. Few people of high status have time for leisure. C. Our opportunity for success never comes easily. D. We hold the belief that hard work leads to success. 30. What does “I have limited access to email” sound like according to the author? A. I enjoy my time off work. B. I am forced to stop working. C. 1 am opposed to the work culture. D. I am too busy to check all emails. 31. Why was the Out of Office Email Generator launched? A. To stop managers talking about how busy they usually are. B. To allow for less time busy employees spend checking emails. C. To ensure employees as well as employers truly have time off. D. To encourage employers and employees to answer emails in time. D Hundreds or even thousands of jackdaws (寒鸦) are known to launch into the winter sky at once from the treetops at sunrise, and then split into smaller groups to feed throughout the day. Now, ecologists know that this synchronized (同步的) departure is timed with a complicated behavior called “consensus decision-making”, where the majority agree to take action. To figure it out, researchers in the United Kingdom recorded hundreds of hours of their bird calls in Cornwall over several months. They measured when the first jackdaws began their calls, how loud the birds were, and how quickly the swell (增强) of calls rose, and then compared these sounds to footage (镜头) of those birds’ departures. The team found that the jackdaw group left together once the chorus of calls reached a critical mass--the more rapidly the chorus swelled, the earlier the birds left. “They all leave together in a few seconds. The sky just fills with black birds forthwith. It is just like a black snowstorm,” Alex Thornton, an ecologist at the University of Exeter, UK, told New Scientist. Every call is a jackdaw casting its vote to leave. “At first you just get a few calls, then more and more birds join in and it builds and builds. And the steeper the increase, the earlier they leave,” Thornton added. On rare occasions, when the intensity of the chorus doesn’t build enough and the jackdaws don’t agree, the birds instead launch off in small numbers. The team also found that once jackdaws reached a consensus they departed almost immediately, with hundreds of individuals flying in less than five seconds. When scientists played past recordings of calls back to the jackdaws, getting in the way of the group’s natural crescendo (渐强的声音), they were able to push forward the birds’ launching by more than six minutes. The birds did not, however, change their launch times in response to other noises. “The gregarious (群居的) birds prefer to leave as a group, although each jackdaw will have a slightly different preference as to when they want to leave, based on factors like their size and hunger,” Alex Dibnah, a University of Exeter graduate student and lead author of the study, said in a statement. “Leaving the roost (栖息处) together has various benefits, including safety from predators and access to information such as where to find food.” This research shows the critical role vocalizations (发声) play in group decision-making for this species. One next step for this research, according to the authors, is to figure out how human-created noises might affect this process and the spread of information throughout these communities. “Imagine a big roost near a town or busy road,” Thornton said. “If the birds can’t hear each other and can’t form a consensus to leave together, it could have big impacts on their population.” 32. What is the purpose of the research in Cornwall? A. To understand how jackdaws reach an agreement. B. To study what makes jackdaws’ departure time unique. C. To make a comparison of jackdaws’ calls with other birds’. D. To assess the importance of jackdaws’ complicated behaviors. 33. What does the underlined “forthwith” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Frequently. B. Gradually. C. Traditionally. D. Immediately. 34. What can be inferred about the jackdaw group from Paragraph 4? A. It can reach an agreement within seconds. B. Its launch times vary little from season to season. C It can distinguish its natural calls from other noises. D. It makes no response to the past recordings of calls. 35. What do the researchers plan to study next? A. The impacts of human hunting on jackdaws’ population. B. The effects of noises on jackdaws’ group decision-making. C. The way jackdaws spread information in their communities. D. The role of jackdaws’ vocalizations in group decision-making. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In early October, Travis Gienger transported an enormous pumpkin (南瓜) from his home in Minnesota to the World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in California. His pumpkin set the record for the biggest one ever grown in North America. How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes? ___36___ Gienger, who teaches horticulture (园艺学) at Anoka Technical College, begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April, starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks, when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty. ___37___ They can absorb sunlight, nutrients from the soil, and water there. “At their peak, you’re watering them with at least 600 liters a day, ” he says. Depending on the variety, pumpkin plants can grow up to a dozen fruits on a single vine (藤曼) . But to maximize size, growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources. ___38___ But what exactly happens inside a pumpkin as it grows? Two factors drive natural growth: cell division and cell expansion. Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life. This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants. ___39___ Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination (授粉). ___40___ Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size. Still, there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety. This has led to competition for the best seeds. Following each harvest, many growers auction off (拍卖掉) the seeds from their biggest pumpkins, which will then be used for the following year’s plantings. A. Biology has the answers. B. Genetics also influences pumpkin growth. C. The following tips will give you a head start. D. Once it warms up, the plants are transferred outside. E. When it stops, cell expansion will then come into play. F. Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible. G. Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the beginning of my journey of learning Peking opera, I had____41____ that I could manage to perform it outstandingly. Later I found out I was____42____. The most difficult part is that a singer has to first understand the ____43____ of a character. Once, I acted as Lin Chong, the hero of Outlaws of the Marsh. It was hard for me to understand his emotions when he was ____44____ for Liangshan on a snowy night. I couldn’t sing or perform as if I ____45____ was Lin, and so I felt very frustrated. My teacher seemed to recognize my____46____.One day, she approached me, and said with great ____47____, “The future is like the sea full of chances. There will be a long way to go before you can ____48____. Wipe the tears away from your eyes and keep ____49____.!” After hearing my teacher's touching words, I suddenly felt _____50_____. I bought a copy of Outlaws of the Marsh and began to read it at once. While reading one part of the novel, I understood that Lin was recalling his life while he was on the way to Liangshan，_____51_____. in the cold moonlight. He had to leave his family, his job and so on. After I finished reading the novel, I spent a whole evening _____52_____ his life story. After that, I spent more time practicing, and I_____53_____won the award at the city competition. This experience has further strengthened my beliefs and _____54_____ the meaning and value of life for me. As long as we catch the _____55_____ and take full advantage of it, we will succeed. 41. A. evidence B. faith C. reason D. doubt 42. A. mistaken B. occupied C. hopeful D. anxious 43. A. mission B. influence C. emotions D. instructions 44. A. explaining B. heading C. allowing D. searching 45. A. truly B. secretly C. obviously D. suddenly 46. A. conflict B. violence C. plot D. problem 47. A. guilt B. concern C. gratitude D. curiosity 48. A. suspect B. respond C. tolerate D. succeed 49. A. repeating B. smiling C. practicing D. waiting 50. A. inspired B. panicked C. honored D. convinced 51. A. relaxed B. bathed C. abandoned D. separated 52. A. making up B. polishing up C. figuring out D. preparing for 53. A. eventually B. gradually C. particularly D. frequently 54. A. defended B. clarified C. recommended D. shared 55. A. breath B. moment C. passion D. chance 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people may throw away the pits (核) or nuts after eating fruits, but inheritors (传承人) of nut carving have instead collected them and turned them into artworks. “One nut,____56____ (range) from 0.8 to 6 centimetres, can be made into delicate fan pendants (扇坠), earrings, buttons, seals, ect,” said Tan Wanhai,____57____ inheritor of Weifang nut carving. Weifang nut carving ____58____ (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time, retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province. Craftsmen back then often used peach pits ____59____ (show) off their artistic skills. Due to the rigorous (严谨缜密的) carving skills____60____ its rich artistic content, Weifang nut carving____61____ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008. Tan couldn’t forget____62____ impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving. Yet, the 48-year-old craftsman also admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing. “Unlike some pits____63____a flat surface, each peach pit has its own unique texture (纹理),” Tan said, adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork. “Now, the number of inheritors is about 1,000. But I believe it could be ____64____ (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the _____65_____ (occupy) to anyone who is interested,” added Tan. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，你校将在毕业仪式活动中举办展览，邀请每位同学提供成长过程中具有纪念意义的物品参展，并撰写展品介绍供参观者阅读。你会提供什么物品？写一篇物品介绍，内容包括： 1. 对该物品的简要描述；2. 你选择该物品参展的原因。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 I choose to exhibit _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alvin Bamburg, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane, Louisiana, last December when something caught his eye. Among the fallen branches and leaves, it looked like litter. But Bamburg was attracted and picked it up. “God just told me,” he later recounted. As he drew closer, he saw that it was a broken balloon. Attached was a piece of paper decorated with sparkly star stickers. It was a child’s Christmas wish list. “Dear Santa,” the handwritten note read. “My name is Luna. I am four years old. I live in Liberal, Kansas. This year I have been nice. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, Frozen doll. With love, Luna.” Bamburg’s heart hammered in his chest. Ever since he was a child, he had dreamed of this very scenario. “Years ago,” he says, “classes at school released balloons with notes. I’ve always wanted to find one.” He believed this was his childhood wish coming true. And he knew he was going to make Luna’s wish come true too. However, the task seemed impossible, as Liberal, Kansas, is more than 650 miles from Grand Cane, Louisiana. But Bamburg’s wife, Lee Ann Bamburg, didn’t mind the distance. As an enthusiastic Facebook user, she had seen other people find all sorts of connections through the site and thought it might help her husband find Luna. The next day Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page, asking for help locating the sender. At first, he wasn’t confident the strategy would work. But as he saw the number of shares and comments on his post climbed into the hundreds, his hope grew into expectation. “I knew we were going to find Luna.” Alvin said. And indeed, they did. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day Luna’s mother came across the post. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When they arrived at Luna’s home, the entire family was surprised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$