11 选择性必修四 Unit 2过去分词复习（语法精讲精练）-2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末复习高效突破（人教版2019）

11 选择性必修四 Unit 2语法：语法精讲精练 过去分词复习 一、过去分词概述 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。 I. 过去分词的构成和意义 1. 过去分词的构成 过去分词通常由“动词原形＋ed”构成。部分动词的过去分词有特殊形式变化。注意：过去分词无时态和语态的变化。 2. 过去分词的意义 及物动词的过去分词既表示被动，又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。 The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多中国人的喜爱。(表示被动和完成) She is sweeping up the fallen leaves on the ground. 她正在扫地上的落叶。 (只表示完成) II. 过去分词的句法功能 1. 过去分词(短语)作定语 及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。 (1)表示被动和完成 a polluted river　一条被污染的河流 the watered flowers 浇过水的花 (2)只表示完成，不表示被动 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳 【名师点津】过去分词作定语 单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 A watched pot never boils. [谚语]心急锅不开。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。 【即学即练1】单句语法填空 ①Some of the people __________ (invite) to the party can’t come. ②The trees __________ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. ③The police will come soon to take away the __________ (damage) car. 2. 过去分词(短语)作状语 表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 (1)作时间状语 过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个由when, while, after, once等引导的时间状语从句。 Once published (＝Once it is published), the dictionary will be very popular. 一旦出版，这部词典将大受欢迎。 (2)作原因状语 过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个由as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。 Absorbed in painting(＝Because he was absorbed in painting), John didn't notice evening approaching. 由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 (3)作条件状语 过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。 Given another hour (＝If I am given another hour), I can also work out this problem. 如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。 (4)作让步状语 过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个由though, although, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team (＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team), we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other. 虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心，而是相互鼓励。 (5)作方式或伴随状语 过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。 The old man got on the bus, supported by a girl (＝and he was supported by a girl). 在一个女孩的搀扶下，老人上了公共汽车。 【名师点津】过去分词作状语的注意事项 (1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless, until, once等，表示时间、让步、条件、方式等。 If (I am) invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。 (2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。 Caught, the thief will be punished by the police. (caught的逻辑主语为the thief) 小偷如果被抓，就会受到警方的处罚。 (3)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, disappointed, pleased等。 Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word. 因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。 【即学即练2】单句语法填空 ①__________ (leave) to himself, the baby began to cry. ②She accepted the gift, deeply __________ (move). ③We went to the cinema, __________ (fill) with excitement. ④Once __________ (pour), water cannot be taken back. 3. 过去分词(短语)作表语 位于系动词，如be, get, become, look, feel, seem等之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 She looks disappointed. 她看上去很失望。 We were encouraged by the news. 听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。 【名师点津】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 The cup is broken. 杯子破了。(系表结构) The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态) 【即学即练3】单句语法填空 ①I was too __________ (tire) to walk any further. ②When he heard the moving story, he was deeply __________ (move). ③Tom was more __________ (surprise) than __________ (disappoint) at this news. ④Both he and I are __________ (satisfy) with the result. 4. 过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语 (1)过去分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。 He watched the TV set carried out of the room. 他看着电视机被搬出了房间。 Last year they had the house rebuilt. 去年他们让人重建了房子。 (2)几类能接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语) ①表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see, watch, observe, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。 ②表示“致，使”意义的动词，如have, make, get, keep, leave等。 They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English. 他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。 Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 【名师点津】“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种含义 ①表示“让某人做某事” I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要去理发。 ②表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击” He had his wallet stolen. 他的钱包被偷了。 ③做某事(主语可能参与其中) I had my house repaired last week. 上周，我修补了房子。 (3)表示“希望，要求”等意义的动词，如like, want, wish, order等。 The teacher doesn’t wish such questions (to be) discussed in class. 老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。 The police, finding the film unhealthy, ordered it banned. 警察认为这部电影不健康，令其禁演。 【即学即练4】单句语法填空 ①You’d better have your shoes __________ (mend). ②The father wants his daughter __________ (teach) the piano. ③I saw an old man __________ (knock) down by a car. ④I’d like the job __________ (do) when I come back from the journey. 二、单句语法填空： 1. __________ (give) more time, we could do it much better. 2. The president of the company came to the factory, __________ (follow) by some workers. 3. They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 4. Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially __________ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 5. Earth Day, __________ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 6. Ordinary soap, __________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 7. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem __________ (call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep. 8. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __________ (challenge). 9. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph __________ (take). 10. The girl, __________ (bring) up by her uncle, has begun to work now. 11. __________ (see) from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful. 12. Deeply __________ (move) by the film, the children began to cry. 13. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain __________ (seat) as the plane was making a landing. 14. The lady __________ (dress) in red delivered a speech to us just now. 15. I was deeply __________ (convince) that he would accomplish his aim in time. 16. The police are looking for the man __________ (associate) with the terrible accident. 17. He was __________ (lose) in deep thought when I passed by him. 18. The door remained __________ (lock) this morning when I arrived home. 19. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect). 20. The car got __________ (stick) in the mud, but the farmer made no effort to get it out. 21. “Don’t travel during the holidays” is one golden rule __________ (follow) by some friends for years, especially during the Spring Festival as the traffic is heavy. 22. I felt hopeless and alone, and more __________ (depress) than I know. 23. ---What do you know made Susan so upset? --- __________ (charge) with giving away state secrets. 24. I’m calling to inquire about the position __________ (advertise) in yesterday’s China Daily. 25. A great number of students __________ (question) said they were forced to practice the piano. 26. The players __________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 27. The children were all __________ (inspire) after they heard the (inspire) news that they would be sent to Australia as international exchange students. 28. If you are not satisfied with the price __________ (offer), we can still discuss it. 29. The prize of the game show is $ 30,000 including all expenses __________ (pay) for the vacation to China. 30. Soldiers came to rescue those __________ (bury) under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes and shelters for the homeless. 31. Earth Day, __________ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 32. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time __________ (spend) with his students. 33. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __________ (challenge). 34. The moment she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the gift __________ (buy) by her father. 35. Most of the people __________ (invite) to the party were famous scientists from all over the world. 36. Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nursed __________ (appoint) to guard her. 37. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras __________ (return) to our shop for quality problems. 38. There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 39. The factory __________ (build) at present will produce many advanced computers. 40. The factory __________ (build) last summer has employed many locals to work in it. 41. It is said that listening to music makes a person feel __________ (relax) when he is tired. 42. You sound very __________ (interest) in the job, which makes me excited. 43. Because we had not eaten ice cream for a long time, we got very __________ (excite). 44. Though __________ (beat) by the other team, the players didn’t lose heart. 45. The woman liked the water so much that she had it __________ (deliver) to her home. 46. The man was __________ (absorb) in his work and didn’t notice me passing by him. 47. His __________ (confuse) face suggested that he didn’t make sense of the problem. 48. Her __________ (satisfy) smile showed that her son did well in the final exam. 49. Please keep an eye on the __________ (fall) stone on the road while driving. 50. With her gift __________ (buy), she went out of the shop with her best friend. 三、高考真题回顾： 1. (2023·全国I卷) Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 2. (2023·全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message __________ (intend) for everyone. 3. (2023·全国乙卷) From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully __________ (build) system of ring roads. 4. (2022·全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation __________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 5. (2022·全国乙卷) “...... It can help to build a community with a __________ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 6. (2021·全国I卷) Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us __________ (astonish). 7. (2021·全国乙卷) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas ...... 8. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ___________ (challenge). 9. (全国Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter __________ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 10. (全国Ⅰ)A study of travelers __________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 四、语篇语法填空： (1) Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, welcomed nearly 3.05 million visitors, 1 (gain) 5.91 billion yuan of tourism income during the three-day New Year holiday. The trend was then enlarged on social media where influencers (网红) highlighted that many “southerners”, who 2 (refer) to as “little potatoes from the south”, flooded into the city’s ski resorts and bathhouses. The phrase is associated with the 3 (remarkable) distinctive light-colored jackets and lovely hats that tourists from southern China typically wear when traveling to the north, as well as their relatively 4 (short) figure compared with local’s. Though 5 (criticize) online for being stereotypes, locals clarified that it reflected a genuine sense of goodwill and friendship. Apart 6 the iconic Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, tourist spots introduced varieties of new attractions, such as hot balloon rides and bonfire parties. On Central Street, 7 struck the tourists most was the organized parades featuring the Oroqen (鄂伦春族), 8 ethnic minority from the region. To facilitate the 9 (consume) of Harbin’s popular frozen pears, the city has even introduced frozen pear platters (摆盘), making it more convenient for tourists to taste the delicacy. “You can get the incomparable snow experience and service in Harbin, 10 the temperatures can drop to -35℃,” a tourist said. (2) Chinese disease expert Zhong Nanshan has extended 1 invitation to Zhang Guimei, 64, the founder and principal of the 2 (one) free high school for girls in China, to receive medical treatment for her serious illnesses in Guangzhou. Zhang, 3 is also a recipient (获得者) of the July 1 Medal—the Communist Party of China’s highest honour—established Huaping Girls High School in Lijiang, Yunnan Province, offering free education to girls from less­developed areas. She 4 (help) nearly 2,000 girls attend college over the years, though she herself suffers 5 respiratory illness. Zhong Weide, the son of respiratory expert Zhong, extended the invitation on behalf of his well­known father at the premiere of a dance drama in Guangzhou, earlier this month. The show 6 (base) on Zhang’s story. “From this performance, I get to know more about this role model. What impresses me most 7 (be) the fearless perseverance and enduring love of Ms Zhang Guimei, who has brought hope to 8 (child) in the mountainous region of Yunnan,” Zhong Weide said. “I 9 (sincere) invite Ms Zhang Guimei to receive treatment in Guangzhou. We would like to do our small part for the health of this role model, 10 (use) advanced respiratory treatment technologies.” (3) Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 1 (explore). This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that 2 (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 3 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 4 (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot. Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 5 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, 6 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤). Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo, 7 (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 8 traveled from cities far away. Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province, 9 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 10 (enjoy) the local delicacy. (4) The Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in France, and one of the most 1 (visit) monuments (纪念碑) in the world, but it wasn’t always so popular. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first proposed, many were strongly 2 it. At that time, it would have been the tallest building in the world, and many 3 (claim) it would destroy the skyline of Paris or perhaps even destroy some historic landmarks. 4 chief engineer, Gustave Eiffel replied, 5 (say) that such a large monument was necessary to symbolize the great efforts of the French people as well as the great advancements in modern engineering, industry, and science. The next year, Eiffel gained approval (批准) and the tower was built in time 6 (celebrate) the 1889 World Fair in Paris. If you look carefully at the tower, you can still see the 7 (name) of the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians 8 helped in its construction. 9 (original), the tower was planned to be taken down after 20 years, 10 it proved to be too useful as a communication tower, not to mention a giant advertisement board, before finally becomes the iconic attraction that we all know today. (5) The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, 1 (rise) from the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau, flows eastwards for 300 kilometres, eventually reaching Yuantuojiao, in Jiangsu Province in eastern China, 2 it flows into the sea. A large amount of sediment (沉积物) 3 (carry) by the Yangtze River has been deposited here due to the tides. Gradually, the sandbar is becoming a growing and extending beach plain. It has also become 4 popular stopover (中途停留地) for a large number of wild birds. From the Yangtze River Delta to the north of Yuantuojiao, abundant rivers carry huge 5 (amount) of sediment to the sea. They also bring nutrients, piling up 6 (form) fertile coastlines and unique sandy ridges and sandbars. Around the coastline of the Yellow Sea in China, hundreds of kilometres of coastal wetlands and zones have formed. Every spring and autumn, nearly 3 million wild birds around the world stop here to reproduce 7 (they). The Yangtze River Delta next to the Yellow Sea, is one of China’s most economically developed and densely populated regions. 8 the economy is developing rapidly, so far the environment has been protected well and a large number of coastal wetlands 9 (preserve). This creates 10 (value) habitats for millions of wild birds and endangered species that prefer not to be disturbed. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 11 选择性必修四 Unit 2语法：语法精讲精练 过去分词复习 一、过去分词概述 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。 I. 过去分词的构成和意义 1. 过去分词的构成 过去分词通常由“动词原形＋ed”构成。部分动词的过去分词有特殊形式变化。注意：过去分词无时态和语态的变化。 2. 过去分词的意义 及物动词的过去分词既表示被动，又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。 The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多中国人的喜爱。(表示被动和完成) She is sweeping up the fallen leaves on the ground. 她正在扫地上的落叶。 (只表示完成) II. 过去分词的句法功能 1. 过去分词(短语)作定语 及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。 (1)表示被动和完成 a polluted river　一条被污染的河流 the watered flowers 浇过水的花 (2)只表示完成，不表示被动 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳 【名师点津】过去分词作定语 单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 A watched pot never boils. [谚语]心急锅不开。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。 【即学即练1】单句语法填空 ①Some of the people invited(invite) to the party can’t come. ②The trees blown(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. ③The police will come soon to take away the damaged(damage) car. 2. 过去分词(短语)作状语 表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 (1)作时间状语 过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个由when, while, after, once等引导的时间状语从句。 Once published (＝Once it is published), the dictionary will be very popular. 一旦出版，这部词典将大受欢迎。 (2)作原因状语 过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个由as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。 Absorbed in painting(＝Because he was absorbed in painting), John didn't notice evening approaching. 由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 (3)作条件状语 过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。 Given another hour (＝If I am given another hour), I can also work out this problem. 如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。 (4)作让步状语 过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个由though, although, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team (＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team), we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other. 虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心，而是相互鼓励。 (5)作方式或伴随状语 过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。 The old man got on the bus, supported by a girl (＝and he was supported by a girl). 在一个女孩的搀扶下，老人上了公共汽车。 【名师点津】过去分词作状语的注意事项 (1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless, until, once等，表示时间、让步、条件、方式等。 If (I am) invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。 (2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。 Caught, the thief will be punished by the police. (caught的逻辑主语为the thief) 小偷如果被抓，就会受到警方的处罚。 (3)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, disappointed, pleased等。 Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word. 因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。 【即学即练2】单句语法填空 ①Left(leave) to himself, the baby began to cry. ②She accepted the gift, deeply moved(move). ③We went to the cinema, filled(fill) with excitement. ④Once poured(pour), water cannot be taken back. 3. 过去分词(短语)作表语 位于系动词，如be, get, become, look, feel, seem等之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 She looks disappointed. 她看上去很失望。 We were encouraged by the news. 听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。 【名师点津】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 The cup is broken. 杯子破了。(系表结构) The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态) 【即学即练3】单句语法填空 ①I was too tired(tire) to walk any further. ②When he heard the moving story, he was deeply moved(move). ③Tom was more surprised(surprise) than disappointed(disappoint) at this news. ④Both he and I are satisfied(satisfy) with the result. 4. 过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语 (1)过去分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。 He watched the TV set carried out of the room. 他看着电视机被搬出了房间。 Last year they had the house rebuilt. 去年他们让人重建了房子。 (2)几类能接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语) ①表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see, watch, observe, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。 ②表示“致，使”意义的动词，如have, make, get, keep, leave等。 They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English. 他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。 Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 【名师点津】“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种含义 ①表示“让某人做某事” I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要去理发。 ②表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击” He had his wallet stolen. 他的钱包被偷了。 ③做某事(主语可能参与其中) I had my house repaired last week. 上周，我修补了房子。 (3)表示“希望，要求”等意义的动词，如like, want, wish, order等。 The teacher doesn’t wish such questions (to be) discussed in class. 老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。 The police, finding the film unhealthy, ordered it banned. 警察认为这部电影不健康，令其禁演。 【即学即练4】单句语法填空 ①You’d better have your shoes mended(mend). ②The father wants his daughter taught(teach) the piano. ③I saw an old man knocked(knock) down by a car. ④I’d like the job done(do) when I come back from the journey. 二、单句语法填空： 1. __________ (give) more time, we could do it much better. 2. The president of the company came to the factory, __________ (follow) by some workers. 3. They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 4. Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially __________ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 5. Earth Day, __________ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 6. Ordinary soap, __________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 7. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem __________ (call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep. 8. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __________ (challenge). 9. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph __________ (take). 10. The girl, __________ (bring) up by her uncle, has begun to work now. 11. __________ (see) from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful. 12. Deeply __________ (move) by the film, the children began to cry. 13. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain __________ (seat) as the plane was making a landing. 14. The lady __________ (dress) in red delivered a speech to us just now. 15. I was deeply __________ (convince) that he would accomplish his aim in time. 16. The police are looking for the man __________ (associate) with the terrible accident. 17. He was __________ (lose) in deep thought when I passed by him. 18. The door remained __________ (lock) this morning when I arrived home. 19. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect). 20. The car got __________ (stick) in the mud, but the farmer made no effort to get it out. 21. “Don’t travel during the holidays” is one golden rule __________ (follow) by some friends for years, especially during the Spring Festival as the traffic is heavy. 22. I felt hopeless and alone, and more __________ (depress) than I know. 23. ---What do you know made Susan so upset? --- __________ (charge) with giving away state secrets. 24. I’m calling to inquire about the position __________ (advertise) in yesterday’s China Daily. 25. A great number of students __________ (question) said they were forced to practice the piano. 26. The players __________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 27. The children were all __________ (inspire) after they heard the (inspire) news that they would be sent to Australia as international exchange students. 28. If you are not satisfied with the price __________ (offer), we can still discuss it. 29. The prize of the game show is $ 30,000 including all expenses __________ (pay) for the vacation to China. 30. Soldiers came to rescue those __________ (bury) under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes and shelters for the homeless. 31. Earth Day, __________ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 32. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time __________ (spend) with his students. 33. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __________ (challenge). 34. The moment she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the gift __________ (buy) by her father. 35. Most of the people __________ (invite) to the party were famous scientists from all over the world. 36. Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nursed __________ (appoint) to guard her. 37. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras __________ (return) to our shop for quality problems. 38. There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 39. The factory __________ (build) at present will produce many advanced computers. 40. The factory __________ (build) last summer has employed many locals to work in it. 41. It is said that listening to music makes a person feel __________ (relax) when he is tired. 42. You sound very __________ (interest) in the job, which makes me excited. 43. Because we had not eaten ice cream for a long time, we got very __________ (excite). 44. Though __________ (beat) by the other team, the players didn’t lose heart. 45. The woman liked the water so much that she had it __________ (deliver) to her home. 46. The man was __________ (absorb) in his work and didn’t notice me passing by him. 47. His __________ (confuse) face suggested that he didn’t make sense of the problem. 48. Her __________ (satisfy) smile showed that her son did well in the final exam. 49. Please keep an eye on the __________ (fall) stone on the road while driving. 50. With her gift __________ (buy), she went out of the shop with her best friend. 【答案】 1. Given 2. followed 3. decorated 4. designed 5. marked 6. used 7. called 8. challenged 9. taken 10. brought 11. Seen 12. moved 13. seated 14. dressed 15. convinced 16. associated 17. lost 18. locked 19. connected 20. stuck 21. followed 22. depressed 23. Charged 24. advertised 25. questioned 26. selected 27. inspired 28. offered 29. paid 30. buried 31. marked 32. spent 33. challenged 34. bought 35. invited 36. appointed 37. returned 38. solved 39. being built 40. built 41. relaxed 42. interested 43. excited 44. beaten 45. delivered 46. absorbed 47. confused 48. satisfied 49. fallen 50. bought 三、高考真题回顾： 1. (2023·全国I卷) Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 2. (2023·全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message __________ (intend) for everyone. 3. (2023·全国乙卷) From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully __________ (build) system of ring roads. 4. (2022·全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation __________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 5. (2022·全国乙卷) “...... It can help to build a community with a __________ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 6. (2021·全国I卷) Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us __________ (astonish). 7. (2021·全国乙卷) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas ...... 8. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ___________ (challenge). 9. (全国Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter __________ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 10. (全国Ⅰ)A study of travelers __________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 【答案与解析】 1.【解析】考查非谓语动词。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”，也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 2.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 3.【解析】考查非谓语动词。此空前有its，这里和carefully一起构成一个短语做定语。和后面的system是逻辑上的被动关系。故填built。 4.【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填的词要用非谓语动词形式。hold和the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词-ed形式作定语。故填held。 5.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它将有助于建立人类命运共同体。此处需要用过去分词作定语，修饰future，表示“人类命运共同体”。故填shared。 6.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：很奇怪，不是吗? 但大自然就是这样ーー总是让我们感到惊讶。leave后面可接非谓语形式做宾补，此空中us和astonish是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词做宾补。故填astonished。 7.【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，所填的词做表语。由于educate和the traveler之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词-ed形式。故填educated。 8.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。 9.【解析】考查非谓语动词。因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填permitted。 10.【解析】句意：TripAdvisor网站进行的一项对于旅行者的调查把阳朔列为世界十佳旅游目的地之一。根据句意和句子结构可知，study与conduct构成逻辑上的被动关系，故此处应该使用过去分词作定语，修饰名词study。故填conducted。 四、语篇语法填空： (1) Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, welcomed nearly 3.05 million visitors, 1 (gain) 5.91 billion yuan of tourism income during the three-day New Year holiday. The trend was then enlarged on social media where influencers (网红) highlighted that many “southerners”, who 2 (refer) to as “little potatoes from the south”, flooded into the city’s ski resorts and bathhouses. The phrase is associated with the 3 (remarkable) distinctive light-colored jackets and lovely hats that tourists from southern China typically wear when traveling to the north, as well as their relatively 4 (short) figure compared with local’s. Though 5 (criticize) online for being stereotypes, locals clarified that it reflected a genuine sense of goodwill and friendship. Apart 6 the iconic Harbin Ice and Snow Festival, tourist spots introduced varieties of new attractions, such as hot balloon rides and bonfire parties. On Central Street, 7 struck the tourists most was the organized parades featuring the Oroqen (鄂伦春族), 8 ethnic minority from the region. To facilitate the 9 (consume) of Harbin’s popular frozen pears, the city has even introduced frozen pear platters (摆盘), making it more convenient for tourists to taste the delicacy. “You can get the incomparable snow experience and service in Harbin, 10 the temperatures can drop to -35℃,” a tourist said. 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。 本文主要介绍了今冬哈尔滨旅游爆火的现象和原因。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在为期三天的新年假期中，黑龙江省省会哈尔滨接待了近305万游客，获得了59.1亿元的旅游收入。句中已有谓语动词welcomed，空处应用非谓语动词，gain和逻辑主语Harbin为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填gaining。 2. 考查谓语动词。句意：这一趋势随后在社交媒体上被放大，网红们强调，许多“南方人”——被称为“来自南方的小土豆”——涌入了这座城市的滑雪场和澡堂。设空处在who引导的非限制性的定语从句中作谓语，who指代先行词southerners，refer主语who之间是被动关系，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态，结合主谓一致。故填were referred。 3. 考查副词。句意：这句话与中国南方游客到北方旅游时典型的浅色外套和可爱的帽子，以及与当地人相比他们相对较矮的身材有关。设空处应用副词的形式作状语修饰空后的形容词。故填remarkably。 4. 考查形容词的比较级。句意见上题解析。根据空后的“compared with local’s. (与当地人相比)”可知，设空处应用比较级的形式。故填shorter。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然网上批评是刻板印象，但当地人澄清说，这反映了一种真诚的善意和友谊。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式，故填criticized / criticised。 6. 考查介词。句意：除了标志性的哈尔滨冰雪节，旅游景点还推出了各种新景点，比如热气球和篝火晚会。apart from除了……之外。故填from。 7. 考查主语从句的引导词。句意：在中央大街上，最令游客印象深刻的是有组织的鄂伦春人游行，鄂伦春人是该地区的少数民族。设空处引导主语从句且在句中作指物的主语，应用what。故填what。 8. 考查冠词。句意见上题解析。设空处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后为元音音素开头的形容词，应用an。故填an。 9. 考查名词。句意：为了方便人们食用哈尔滨的冻梨，该市甚至推出了冻梨拼盘，让游客更方便地品尝到美味。设空处应用名词的形式作宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填consumption。 10. 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：一位游客说:“在哈尔滨，你可以获得无与伦比的雪地体验和服务，那里的气温可以降至零下35℃。”设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作地点状语，先行词为Harbin。故填where。 (2) Chinese disease expert Zhong Nanshan has extended 1 invitation to Zhang Guimei, 64, the founder and principal of the 2 (one) free high school for girls in China, to receive medical treatment for her serious illnesses in Guangzhou. Zhang, 3 is also a recipient (获得者) of the July 1 Medal—the Communist Party of China’s highest honour—established Huaping Girls High School in Lijiang, Yunnan Province, offering free education to girls from less­developed areas. She 4 (help) nearly 2,000 girls attend college over the years, though she herself suffers 5 respiratory illness. Zhong Weide, the son of respiratory expert Zhong, extended the invitation on behalf of his well­known father at the premiere of a dance drama in Guangzhou, earlier this month. The show 6 (base) on Zhang’s story. “From this performance, I get to know more about this role model. What impresses me most 7 (be) the fearless perseverance and enduring love of Ms Zhang Guimei, who has brought hope to 8 (child) in the mountainous region of Yunnan,” Zhong Weide said. “I 9 (sincere) invite Ms Zhang Guimei to receive treatment in Guangzhou. We would like to do our small part for the health of this role model, 10 (use) advanced respiratory treatment technologies.” 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了钟南山邀请道德模范张桂梅校长到广州接受治疗的事情。 1. an　考查冠词。invitation为可数名词，此处泛指“一份邀请”，应用不定冠词修饰，且invitation的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 2. first　考查序数词。此处表示“第一所”，应用序数词修饰名词短语free high school。故填first。 3. who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zhang，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 4. has helped　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the years和语境可知，本句应用现在完成时；主语She为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has helped。 5. from　考查介词。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“遭受；患……病”。故填from。 6. is based　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语show与谓语动词base之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为可数名词单数，be动词应用is。故填is based。 7. is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据从句谓语动词impresses可知，此处应该使用一般现在时；当从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词通常用单数。故填is。 8. children　考查名词的数。此处表示“山区的孩子们”，应用名词的复数形式。故填children。 9. sincerely　考查副词。设空处修饰动词invite，在句中作状语，应用副词形式。故填sincerely。 10. using　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，would like为句子谓语，设空处应为非谓语动词作方式状语。主语We和动词use之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式表主动。故填using。 (3) Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of 1 (explore). This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that 2 (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention 3 food enthusiasts and social media influencers online, 4 (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot. Known as Tianshui Malatang, which 5 (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, 6 hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤). Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo, 7 (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of 8 traveled from cities far away. Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province, 9 (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted 10 (enjoy) the local delicacy. 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫吸引了美食博主和远道而来的食客，展示了对当地特色美食的喜爱。 1. 考查名词。句意：继烧烤引发的淄博旅游热潮之后，中国社交媒体再次强调了下一个值得探索的网红城市。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“探索”，即exploration，它为不可数名词，故填exploration。 2. 考查时态。句意：这一次是天水，中国甘肃省一个低调的城市，最近引起了人们的关注。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据“recently”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语that指代先行词Tianshui，为单数意义，故填has taken。 3. 考查介词。句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝了这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。此处应该填入介词，表示“从某人或某物那里”，因此使用from，故填from。 4. 考查现在分词。句意：它吸引了美食爱好者和社交媒体网红的大量关注，庆祝这座城市的标志性菜肴——火锅。分析句子结构可知，celebrate在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“food enthusiasts and social media influencers”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填celebrating。 5. 考查副词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。使用副词作状语修饰动词means，需要的词义为“字面上”，故填literally。 6. 考查并列连词。句意：被称为“天水麻辣烫”，字面意思是辛辣和热的，这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。skewered meat和vegetables以及hand-made potato noodles为并列关系，应该使用并列连词and，故填and。 7. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：两位美食博主在中国流行的微博上拥有超过300万粉丝，他们是赞扬天水麻辣烫美味的网红之一。根据上下文可知，此处使用一般现在时，表示现在的情况，主语“Two food bloggers”为复数意义，故填are。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：他们的视频显示，热心的美食爱好者在街头排队，其中许多人从遥远的城市赶来。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，food enthusiasts是先行词，它在从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，因此使用whom，故填whom。 9. 考查过去分词。句意：29岁的董良燕（音译）来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。使用过去分词作定语修饰“Heilongjiang province”，表示“位于，坐落在”，故填located。 10. 考查动词不定式。句意：29岁的董良燕（音译）来自距离天水2000多公里的黑龙江大庆，她告诉新华社记者，她非常高兴能品尝到当地美食。be delighted to do：很高兴做某事，故填to enjoy。 (4) The Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in France, and one of the most 1 (visit) monuments (纪念碑) in the world, but it wasn’t always so popular. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first proposed, many were strongly 2 it. At that time, it would have been the tallest building in the world, and many 3 (claim) it would destroy the skyline of Paris or perhaps even destroy some historic landmarks. 4 chief engineer, Gustave Eiffel replied, 5 (say) that such a large monument was necessary to symbolize the great efforts of the French people as well as the great advancements in modern engineering, industry, and science. The next year, Eiffel gained approval (批准) and the tower was built in time 6 (celebrate) the 1889 World Fair in Paris. If you look carefully at the tower, you can still see the 7 (name) of the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians 8 helped in its construction. 9 (original), the tower was planned to be taken down after 20 years, 10 it proved to be too useful as a communication tower, not to mention a giant advertisement board, before finally becomes the iconic attraction that we all know today. 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃菲尔铁塔的历史，介绍了其设计师、建造原由以及其作用等。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：埃菲尔铁塔是法国最著名的地标，也是世界上被参观次数最多的纪念碑之一，但它并不总是那么受欢迎。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词monuments与visit之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填visited。 2. 考查介词。句意：事实上，在1886年，就在第一次提出建设它之后，许多人强烈反对它。短语：be against反对……。故填against。 3. 考查时态。句意：当时，它可能是世界上最高的建筑，许多人声称它会破坏巴黎的天际线，甚至可能会破坏一些历史地标。根据时间状语“At that time”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填claimed。 4. 考查冠词。句意：总工程师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔回答说，这样一个巨大的纪念碑是必要的，它象征着法国人民的巨大努力以及现代工程、工业和科学的巨大进步。名词chief engineer为特指，指的是埃菲尔铁塔的总工程师，用定冠词，出现在句首，首字母大写。故填The。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：总工程师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔回答说，这样一个巨大的纪念碑是必要的，它象征着法国人民的巨大努力以及现代工程、工业和科学的巨大进步。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。主语“Gustave Eiffel与say之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故填saying。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：第二年，埃菲尔获得批准，铁塔及时建成，以庆祝1889年的巴黎世界博览会。句中用不定式担当目的状语。故填to celebrate。 7. 考查名词。句意：如果你仔细观察这座塔，你仍然可以看到帮助建造它的72位科学家、工程师和数学家的名字。根据空后的“the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians”可知，这里指的是很多人的名字，用名词的复数形式。故填names。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：如果你仔细观察这座塔，你仍然可以看到帮助建造它的72位科学家、工程师和数学家的名字。句中先行词为the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词who或者that引导。故填who/that。 9. 考查副词。句意：最初，这座塔计划在20年后拆除，但事实证明，它作为一座通信塔太有用了，更不用说作为一个巨大的广告牌，最后才成为我们今天都知道的标志性景点。担当整个句子的状语用副词，出现在句首首字母需大写。故填Originally。 10. 考查连词。句意：最初，这座塔计划在20年后拆除，但事实证明，它作为一座通信塔太有用了，更不用说作为一个巨大的广告牌，最后才成为我们今天都知道的标志性景点。前一分句“最初，这座塔计划在20年后拆除”和后一分句“事实证明，它作为一座通信塔太有用了，更不用说作为一个巨大的广告牌”之间存在转折关系。故填but。 (5) The Yangtze River, China’s longest river, 1 (rise) from the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau, flows eastwards for 300 kilometres, eventually reaching Yuantuojiao, in Jiangsu Province in eastern China, 2 it flows into the sea. A large amount of sediment (沉积物) 3 (carry) by the Yangtze River has been deposited here due to the tides. Gradually, the sandbar is becoming a growing and extending beach plain. It has also become 4 popular stopover (中途停留地) for a large number of wild birds. From the Yangtze River Delta to the north of Yuantuojiao, abundant rivers carry huge 5 (amount) of sediment to the sea. They also bring nutrients, piling up 6 (form) fertile coastlines and unique sandy ridges and sandbars. Around the coastline of the Yellow Sea in China, hundreds of kilometres of coastal wetlands and zones have formed. Every spring and autumn, nearly 3 million wild birds around the world stop here to reproduce 7 (they). The Yangtze River Delta next to the Yellow Sea, is one of China’s most economically developed and densely populated regions. 8 the economy is developing rapidly, so far the environment has been protected well and a large number of coastal wetlands 9 (preserve). This creates 10 (value) habitats for millions of wild birds and endangered species that prefer not to be disturbed. 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最长的河流——长江的一些具体情况，以及长江的入海口圆陀角的地理特点等信息。 1. rising　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，rise在句中应用非谓语动词形式。rise与逻辑主语The Yangtze River构成主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填rising。 2. where　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Yuantuojiao，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3. carried　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，carry在句中应用非谓语动词形式。sediment 和carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填carried。 4. a　考查冠词。stopover为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且popular的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 5. amounts　考查名词的数。短语huge amounts of表示“大量的”。故填amounts。 6. to form　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，form在句中应用非谓语动词形式。此处应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to form。 7. themselves　考查代词。此处指上文的“nearly 3 million wild birds”。此处表示鸟类进行自我繁衍生息，应用反身代词。故填themselves。 8. Although/Though/While　考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，应用although/though/while。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。 9. have been preserved　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上文的“so far”可知，应用现在完成时；主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态；主语为a large number of coastal wetlands，助动词应用have。故填have been preserved。 10. valuable　考查形容词。空处修饰名词habitats，应用形容词valuable作定语。故填valuable。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$