Unit 8 知识清单 2023-2024学年人教版七年级英语下册

Unit 8 Is there a post office near here? 知识清单 1、 核心单词 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. _ n. 邮局 2. _ n. 警局 3. _ n. 酒店 4. _ n. 餐馆 5. _ n. 银行 6. _ n. 医院 7. _ n. 大街 8. _ v. 付费 9. _ prep. 在...附近 10. _ prep. 在....对面 11. _ prep. 在....后面 12. _ n. 镇 13. _ prep./adv.在...周围;大约 14. _ n. 北方 15. _ prep. 沿着 16. _ 向左转 17. _ v. 花(时间、金钱) 18. _ v. 爬 19. _ n. 路 20. _ n. 空气 21. _ n. 猴子 22. _ n. 钱 2、 单词用法集萃 1. cross v. 穿过 1 _ cross the red traffic light _n. 十字路口 2 _adv./prep. 穿过 _ across from 2. spend v. 花费,度过 1 sb. spend some time/money _ sth./ _ sth. 2 It takes some time/money _ sth. 3 Sb. _ some money _ sth. 4 Sth. _ sb. some money/time 3. enjoy v. 享受,喜爱 1 _ 喜欢做某事 _ 玩得愉快 4. police n. 警察 1 police 作名词,属集体名词,复数含义,不能与a连用,作主语时谓语动词要用_ 形式。 2 _女警察 _ 男警察 5. turn v. 转向;变成 n. 转弯,轮流 1 _turn left _ turn yellow 2 _ it’s one’s turn to do sth. 6. free adj. 免费的;自由的;空闲的 1 _ 随意做某事 _ in one’s free time 7. watch v. 看 1 _ 观看某人正在做某事 _ 观看某人做过某事 3、 语法集萃 介词 介词用在名词或名词性短语前面,用于说明时间、地点、原因、方式、方法等的词类。介词短语可在句中作定语,状语,表语和宾语补足。它是一种虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。 例如: 1、 表时间的介词 1. at, in, on (1) 表示时间点用at。例如:at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。 (2) 表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及早晨,上午,下午,晚上时,用in。例如:in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。 (3) 表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午,下午,晚上时,用on。例如:on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。 2. during 在……期间 before 在……之前 after 在……之后 2、 表方位的介词 1. in, on, to (1) in表示在某一地区的某方位(在该范围以内)。 Guizhou is in the south of China. (2) on表示两地接壤 Hubei is on the north of Hunan. (3) to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围) 表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围) 2. on, above, below, over, under (1) on 表示在……上,与表面接触 (2) above 在……上方,不接触表面,不一定是正上方,反义词 below。 (3) over 在……正上方,垂直的上方,不接触表面,与 under 相对。 3. across,through,over 与 past (1) across 穿过;横过, 和 go,walk,swim等动词连用。表示从某一物体的表面经过。 The boy swam across the river. (2) through 穿过,强调从空间内部穿过 They walked through the forest (3) over 翻越;越过,指从物体上方(尤指障碍物)跨过 jump over the hurdle(跨栏) (4) past经过,指从旁边经过、路过。 walk past the desk 4. in front of,in the front of (1) in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某个范围以外。 There are some tall trees in front of the building. (2) in the front of 表示“在……的前部”,在某个范围以内。 The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom 5. between,among (1) between 在......之间,指在两者之间 The library is between the post office and the market. (2) among 在......之间指,在三者或三者以上的人或者物之间。 The teacher is among the students. 6. 其他方位介词 (1) in the middle of 在……中间 behind在……后面 near在……附近(紧靠着) (2) beside在……旁边 next to在……旁边 across from在……对面 (3) along沿着 around在……周围 3、 其他介词 1. by 以......方式;在...旁边 with 用......工具;和;带有 about 关于 2. from 从 of .....的 for 为了,对于 3. to 去,到,向 as 作为 like 像 4、 介词的固定搭配 介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系,才能正确使用介词。 1. 介词与名词的搭配 (1) (2) in bed (3) in the hospital (4) in hospital (5) in time (6) in English (7) in danger (8) on foot (9) on sale (10) on show (11) on business (12) on time (13) at first (14) at home (15) at last (16) at the moment (17) at the same time 2. 介词与形容词的搭配 (1) (2) be good at (3) be good with (4) be good/nice/kind/friendly to sb. (5) be good for (6) be late for (7) be popular with (8) be worried about (9) be helpful to (10) be afraid of (11) be angry with (12) be strict with sb. (13) be strict in sth. (14) be interested in (15) be excited about (16) be sorry for 3. 介词与动词的搭配 (1) (2) ask sb.for (3) do well in (4) help sb.with sth. (5) talk about (6) wait for (7) arrive at/in (8) look for (9) look at (10) look after (11) think of (12) dream of (13) get off (14) get on (15) thank sb. for (16) learn from (17) listen to (18) put up (19) put out $$