2024年【夏日FUN学】专题5：代词 讲义——2024年暑假英语小升初衔接教案（新初一专用）

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语小升初衔接教案 专题5：代词（原卷版） 【课前小测】 单项选择 1．—Whose (谁的) is the ruler? —It’s not________. It’s ________. A．my; his B．mine; your C．my; hers D．his; hers 2．Is this your bag? Please call ________ at 123. A．me B．I C．my 3．—Are ________ your notebooks? —Yes, they are. A．this B．these C．that D．it 4．—Is this _________ card? —No, _________ is in my bag. Maybe it is Mike’s. A．you; my B．your; mine C．hers; your 5．There is ________ water in the glass. Can you buy some for us? A．a little B．little C．few 6．—Would you like________ milk? —No, thanks. A．a B．some C．any 7．This is ______ cousin. ______ name is Peter. A．your; Her B．our; His C．my; He’s D．hers; His 8．________ is Jack. ________ cup is white. A．He; He B．He; His C．His; His 9．—Are ________ your cousins? —Yes. I play with ________ every Sunday. A．they; they B．they; them C．them; they 10．—I need a red pen now, mom. —Oh, I’m busy now. Let your dad ________ for you. A．to buy it B．buy one C．buys one 11．________ dog is big, but ________ is small. A．Their; you B．Theirs; his C．Their; ours 12．—Who’s ________ speaking? —________ is David. A．this; That B．that; This C．this; This 13．I have so _________ friends in the new school and I live a happy life. A．many B．much C．more 14．Miss Yang is a kind teacher and she teaches _________ English. We all like her. A．we B．our C．us 15．Miss Han teaches ______ Chinese and we like ______ very much. A．us; her B．our; she C．us; she 【知识对接】 接点1. 人称代词 1. 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 The cat is small. It（此处代指第三人称单数 The dog）is Mary’ s. 2. 分类：人称代词主格和人称代词宾格 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 3. 用法 （1）通常主格作主语（在句首，动词前）。 ► He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 （2）宾格作宾语（在动词或介词后）或作表语（在be动词后）。 ► Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗？（作宾语） ► —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门？ —It’s me. 是我。（作表语） （3）人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 ► Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。 （4）单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。 ► —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。 —Me too. 我也喜欢。 （5）人称代词并列时的排列顺序。 ①人称代词单数并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称，即you, he/she/it and I（若是承担错误责任，第一人称应当先）。 ► It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。 ②复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称，即we, you and they。 接点2. 物主代词 1. 定义：物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。 2. 分类： 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his/her/ its ours yours theirs 含义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他（她，它）们的 3. 用法 （1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能放在名词前作定语，后面一定要跟一个名词。 my book，your name，their hobbies ①放在被拥有的物体名词前，指明事物的归属者。 ►My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。 ②放在被拥有的事物名词前，表示事物与某人有某种联系。 ►He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。 ③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。 ►She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。 ④放在表示动作的名词之前，指明动作的施行者。 ► not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久 ⑤放在表示动作的名词之前，指明动作的承受者。 ► Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们 ⑥用于头衔 ► Your Majesty（陛下） ► Would Your Highness like a cup of tea? 阁下想要一杯茶吗？ 【注意】 a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的＂人称＂（第一、二、三人称）和＂数＂（单、复数）来确定。 b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物，如 ＂the door＂或＂the door of the room＂比＂its door＂更常见。 c. 表示某物属于某人或某物，或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或＂of +介词短语＂表示。 （2）名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能加名词，可单独使用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于＂形容词性物主代词+名词＂。 ①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同，但属于其他人。 Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。 ②常用于＂of＂引出的介词短语，表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友（表示许多朋友中的一个） 接点3. 指示代词 1. 定义：表示＂这个＂＂那个＂＂这些＂＂那些＂等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。 指示代词 用法 例句 this（these） 用于指时间或空间上较近的事物 Is this your pen? These are my books. that（those） 用于指时间或空间上较远的事物 That dictionary is Mary’ s. Are those your books? 2. 用法 指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 （1）that 和those代替前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词。 My seat is next to that of the mayor.（that=mayor’ s seat）我的座位在市长座位旁边。 （2）this 或 that用来回指上文提到的事情，但若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this。 —She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。 —Who said that? 那是谁说的？ I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点：她美吗? （3）在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用that指对方： Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗？ （4）指示代词this，that和these在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。 接点4. 不定代词 不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词，表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。 1. 不定代词的句法功能 不定代词 成分 all，both，each，neither，either，much，little，many，few，other，some，any，one 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语 everyone，everybody，everything，someone， somebody，something，anyone，anybody，anything，no one，nobody，nothing，none 在句中可作主语、宾语和表语 every，no 在句中只能作定语 1. 不定代词的基本语法 （1）some、any的用法 用法 例句 some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词) Do you have any brothers or sisters? 你有兄弟姐妹吗？(修饰可数名词) some多用于肯定句；在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。 Will you give me some water? 请给我一些水好吗? any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中；用于肯定句中，表示＂任何＂ If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题，可以问我。 Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。 some和any可以用来修饰单数名词，some表示＂某一＂；any表示＂任何的＂ Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。 （2）few，a few，little，a little的用法 用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词 表示肯定概念 a few虽少，但有几个 a little虽少，但有一点 表示否定概念 few不多，几乎没有 little不多，没有什么 【知识拓展】 1. 这四个词或词组在句中都可作主语、宾语和定语。 Few of us have been to Beijing. 我们中几乎没有人去过北京。(主语) I know little about the book. 我几乎不知道这本书的内容。(宾语) There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。(定语) He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。(定语) 2. a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示＂有点，稍微＂，little表示＂很少＂。 I’ m a little hungry. 我有点俄。(修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. 让他睡一会儿。(修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. 玛丽，请走快一点儿。(修饰副词比较级) ※（3）other，the other，others，the others，another的用法 用法 例句 other 某一个，另一些，其他的。不能单独使用，后面要跟单数名词或复数名词，泛指别的 Where are his other books? 他的另一些书在哪里? others 其他。必须单独使用，泛指别人或别的东西，常用于＂some... others＂结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的，另一些是黑的。 the other 两个中的另一个，剩下的一个。特指，常用于＂one... the other...＂结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐，一个是护士，另一个是老师。 the others 其他全部，其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外，其他都是中国人。 another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个)，可单独用，也可接单数名词或名词复数，表示＂另几个，再几个＂ You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 你能看见另一艘船在海里，不是吗? （4）all，both，none，either，neither的用法 用法 例句 all ①侧重指三者或三者以上＂都，全部，一切＂，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语； all于否定句时，表示部分否定；表示全部否定使用none。 All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。 Not all books are good.(= All books are not good. 不是所有的书都是好书。 【知识拓展】all作主语，指代人时，谓语动词使用复数形式，指代事情时，谓语动词一般使用单数；作同位语时，all在句中的位置与both相同。 All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。 both ①表示＂两者都＂，可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语； ②用于否定句表示部分否定，全部否定使用neither； ③both... and＂两者都，既……又……＂。 They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。 Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球 【知识拓展】both作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式；作主语的同位语时，位于be动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。 Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。 They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。 none ①意为＂没有人，没有一个，一点儿也没有，作主语和宾语，不作定语； ②none指代可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可，而指代不可数名词时，谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。 None of the rubbish has been removed. 垃圾一点也没运走。 【易错警示】none与no one的区别：none既可指人，又可指物，而no one意为＂没有人＂，只能用于指人。作主语时，谓语用单数；none可以与of搭配，而no one无此用法；none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句，而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。 —How many students are there in the classroom now? 现在教室里有多少学生？ —None. 没有一个人。 —Who is in the classroom now? 现在谁在教室呢？ —No one. 没人。 either ①表示＂两者中任何一个＂，可作主语、宾语和定语； ②either作主语时，谓语动词应使用单数形式；作定语时，修饰单数名词。 You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。 The two guests have arrived and either is welcome. 两个客人都到了，而且都受欢迎。 【知识拓展】 （1）either可用于搭配＂either... or...＂，意为＂或者……或者……；要么……要么……＂。 Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。 （2）either可作为副词，意为＂也＂，用于否定句的句末。 He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去，我也不去。 neither ①意为＂两者都不＂，可作主语、宾语和定语； ②neither... nor...＂既不……也不……＂。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。 Neither he nor I am a doctor. 他和我都不是医生。 【易错警示】neither作主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式；作定语时，修饰单数名词。 【达标训练】 一、单项选择 1．—Would you like to drink ______ juice, Alice? —Yes, I’d love to. But I can’t find ______ in the glass. It’s empty. A．some; some B．some; any C．any; some D．any; any 2．You’d better spend more time practising ________ spoken English. A．you B．your C．we D．our 3．This is an old song, so _________ young people know about it. But I get new feelings every time I listen to it. A．many B．few C．little D．much 4．—Is that blue jacket Tom’s? —No, it isn’t. ________ is purple. A．Mine B．Yours C．Hers D．His 5．The red jacket on the chair isn’t Lucy’s. ______ is yellow. A．She’s B．Her C．Hers D．She 6．Sorry, sir. We don’t have ________ apple juice. Would you like _______ orange juice? A．some; any B．any; some C．some; some D．any; any 7．________ hat is black, and ________ is black, too. A．He; mine B．His; my C．He; my D．His; mine 8．The cake tastes ________. I’d like to have ________ one. A．well; another B．good; other C．good; another D．well; other 9．—Would you like ________ chocolate? —No, thanks. A．any B．some C．many 10．—Are these green pens yours? —________. My pens are red. A．No, it isn’t B．No, they aren’t C．Yes, it is D．Yes, they are 11．—Mike, is the blue eraser your sister’s? —No, it isn’t. ________ is white. A．Mine B．His C．Her D．Hers 12．— What’s ________ favorite subject? — ________ favorite subject is math. A．you, My B．her, Her C．her, She 13．This is ________ sister. ________ name is Alice. A．my; Her B．my; She C．I; Her 14．—Bob, is this your dictionary? —No, it isn’t. It may be Linda’s. ______ is in my schoolbag. A．Hers B．His C．Mine D．Its 15．—Cindy, is this ________ dictionary? —No, it isn’t. ________ is in my schoolbag. A．your; Mine B．you; My C．your; My D．yours; Mine 二、选词填空 16．My brother wants to have a chocolate cake on (her/his) birthday. 17．The dinosaur is taller than both of (we; us) together. 18．Who is (you, your) favourite teacher? 19．Anna likes (her/hers) brother’s T-shirt, but she doesn’t like (her/hers). 20．It’s my parents’ desk, and my desk is next to (their/theirs). 21．Look at Bob. (His/Her) cap is red. 22．Tina and I are in the same school, and we like (our/ours) school very much. 23．This is (my/mine) ruler, not (your/yours). 24．Mary has (some/any) great toys. They are from her aunt. 25．Lily, do you have (something/anything) to drink? 26．These are (he, him, his) planes. 27．We can’t find our bikes. Can you help (we, us, our, ours)? 28．Tom can’t get down from the tree. Can you help (he, him, his)? 29．(I, Me, My, Mine) can’t get my kite. Could you help (I, me, my, mine)? 30． (He/His) bike is so old that it often doesn’t work. 三、单词拼写 31．box n. 箱；盒→ （复数） 32．dictionary n. 词典；字典→ （复数） 33．mine pron. 我的→ （形容词性物主代词）我的→ （主格）我→ （宾格）我 34．his pron. 他的→ （形容词性物主代词）他的→ （主格）他→ （宾格）他 35．hers pron. 她的→ （形容词性物主代词）她的→ （主格）她→ （宾格）她 36．yours pron. 你的→ （形容词性物主代词）你的→ （主格）你→ （宾格）你 37．watch n. 手表→ （复数） 38．library n. 图书馆→ （复数） 39．find v. 找到；发现→ （过去式） 40．lose v. 遗失；丢失→ （过去式） 【能力提升】 一、阅读理解 A I’m Li Fang. I’m a Chinese girl. I like English best because it’s very interesting and useful (有用的). I like speaking English with my classmates. I join the school English club. I go to the club on Saturdays. Our English teacher is Miss Gao. She loves us very much. But she is very strict with us. And we love her too. She often tells us some funny English stories. She likes sports very much. After class, she often plays volleyball with us. She also plays the piano very well. She often plays the piano and we sing and dance. Miss Gao is really good with us. My favourite sports are volleyball and swimming. I usually go swimming on Sundays with my friend, Han Mei. My favourite animal is a dog. I often play with it after school. It’s my friend too. 阅读短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。正确选A，错误选B。 1．Li Fang’s favourite subject is English. 2．Miss Gao is not strict with her students. 3．Miss. Gao doesn’t like sports or music. 4．Miss Gao often plays volleyball after class. 5．Li Fang usually goes swimming on Sundays. B Do you like to play sports outside? In fact, some people don’t like to play sports. They don’t want to be tired (累的). But I like playing sports. It is an important thing in my life. Playing sports has many advantages (优势). ◆It can make us very happy and excited (兴奋的). ◆It can make us sleep better at night. ◆It can help us grow (生长) tall and strong. For example (例如), playing basketball helps us grow tall. ◆It can help us make more friends. When we play sports, we have more chances (机会) to meet other people. If you also like to play sports, we can be friends easily. 6．Why don’t some people like to play sports? A．Because they think it makes them tall. B．Because they think it makes them tired. C．Because they think it makes them ill (生病的). D．Because they think it makes them strong. 7．According to the text, which sport can help us grow tall? A． B． C． D． 8．How many advantages of playing sports in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 9．Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到) in the text? A．Playing sports can make us sleep better at night. B．Playing sports can help us grow tall and strong. C．Playing sports can make us happy and excited. D．Playing sports can make us study well. 10．What’s the text mainly about? A．Advantages of playing sports. B．Making more friends. C．How to sleep well. D．Different hobbies. C Hello! My name is Li Yumei and I’m 13 years old. I am from Beijing. Here is a photo of some boys and girls. They are from the same place. Their families are very poor, so they don’t have much money to buy school things. I have five friends and they see the photo, too. We want to help them. These things are for them——six pencil boxes, six pencils, six rulers, six erasers, eight schoolbags and nine picture books. Our teachers help them, too. They give them two computers, five dictionaries and nine maps. Do you want to help the boys and girls? Call me at 468-3399. Thanks! 11．Who is Li Yumei? A．A girl from Shanghai. B．A boy from the poor place. C．A teacher from Beijing. D．A student from Beijing. 12．The underlined word “poor” means “________  ” in Chinese. A．拥挤的 B．富裕的 C．贫困的 D．慷慨的 13．How many students help the poor boys and girls? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 14．What do the teachers give to the poor boys and girls? A．Dictionaries. B．Schoolbags. C．Picture books. D．Rulers. 15．If you want to help the poor boys and girls, you can ________. A．call the teacher at 468-3399 B．call me at 486-3939 C．call the poor boys and girls at 468-3399 D．call Li Yumei at 468-3399 二、补全对话 读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 (选项中有一项为多余选项)。 ( A．How do Chinese like the festival? B．Which is your favourite festival? C．What do you usually do at the festival? D．Is there a Chinese festival in June, too? E．How do you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival? F．Is the Spring Festival the most important one in China? )An American student Joseph is talking with a Chinese student Li Hua to learn about the festivals in China on the Internet. Joseph: I hear there are many traditional (传统的) festivals in China. Americans celebrate Father’s Day in June. 16 Li Hua: Yes, it’s on the fifth day of the fifth lunar (阴历) month. We call it the Dragon Boat Festival. Joseph: 17 Li Hua: We make and eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races. We do the activities to remember a hero called Quyuan. Joseph: Oh, I see. 18 Li Hua: We Chinese usually enjoy the full moon and have moon cakes on that day. Joseph: It sounds great. 19 Li Hua: That’s right. Usually all the family members go back home and get together during the festival. We give our best wishes for the new year. Joseph: So you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival in different ways. 20 Li Hua: I like the Spring Festival best. I am looking forward to it. Joseph: Wish you a happy new year. Thank you for telling me about the festivals. Li Hua: You are welcome. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语小升初衔接教案 专题5:代词(解析版) 【课前小测】 单项选择 1.—Whose (谁的) is the ruler? —It’s not_. It’s _. A.my; his B.mine; your C.my; hers D.his; hers 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——这是谁的尺子?——它不是他的尺子。它是她的。 考查名词性物主代词。my我的,形容词性物主代词;his他的,形容词性和名词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词。两个空格处后都没有名词,所以此处均用名词性物主代词。故选D。 2.Is this your bag? Please call _ at 123. A.me B.I C.my 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这是你的包吗?请打电话123给我。 考查人称代词。me我,宾格;I我,主格;my我的。call sb at“给某人打电话”,动词call后接宾格,故选A。 3.—Are _ your notebooks? —Yes, they are. A.this B.these C.that D.it 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这些是你的笔记本吗?——是的,它们是。 考查代词辨析。this这个;these这些;that那个;it它。根据答语可知,空处应是复数,故选B。 4.—Is this _ card? —No, _ is in my bag. Maybe it is Mike’s. A.you; my B.your; mine C.hers; your 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这是你的卡片吗?——不,我的在我的包里。可能它是迈克的。 考查代词辨析。you你;your你的;hers她的,名词性物主代词;my我的;mine我的,名词性物主代词。第一空修饰名词card,应用形容词性物主代词,排除AC。故选B。 5.There is _ water in the glass. Can you buy some for us? A.a little B.little C.few 【答案】B 【详解】句意:杯子里几乎没有水了。你能给我们买一些吗? 考查代词。a little一点,修饰不可数名词,表示肯定含义;little很少,修饰不可数名词,表示否定含义;few很少,修饰可数名词,表示否定含义。空处修饰不可数名词water,排除C;根据“Can you buy some for us”可知,杯子里没水了,表示否定含义,故选B。 6.—Would you like_ milk? —No, thanks. A.a B.some C.any 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你想要一些牛奶吗?——不,谢谢。 考查some/any用法。milk是不可数名词,不能用a修饰;some一些,一般用于肯定句或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中;any一些,一般用于否定句或疑问句。根据题干可知,这里希望得到肯定回答,应用some。故选B。 7.This is _ cousin. _ name is Peter. A.your; Her B.our; His C.my; He’s D.hers; His 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这是我们的表弟。他的名字叫彼得。 考查形容词性物主代词。根据“cousin”可知,第一空应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词;根据“name is Peter”可知,第二空也应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,且彼得是男孩。故选B。 8._ is Jack. _ cup is white. A.He; He B.He; His C.His; His 【答案】B 【详解】句意:他是杰克。他的杯子是白色的。 考查代词辨析。he他,人称代词主格;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。第一空是句子主语,应用主格he作主语;第二空是修饰名词cup,用形容词性物主代词his修饰。故选B。 9.—Are _ your cousins? —Yes. I play with _ every Sunday. A.they; they B.they; them C.them; they 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——他们是你的堂兄弟吗?——是的。我每个星期天都和他们一起玩。 考查代词辨析。they他们,主格;them他们,宾格。空一处缺少主语,应用人称代词主格they作主语;空二处位于介词with后,用人称代词宾格作宾语。故选B。 10.—I need a red pen now, mom. —Oh, I’m busy now. Let your dad _ for you. A.to buy it B.buy one C.buys one 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——妈妈,我现在需要一支红色钢笔。——哦,我现在很忙。让你爸爸给你买一支。 考查动词搭配及代词用法。let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”,是固定搭配,it指代上文提到的某物,而one指同一类物品。根据“I need a red pen now, mom.”可知,指买一个新的,需用one。故选B。 11._ dog is big, but _ is small. A.Their; you B.Theirs; his C.Their; ours 【答案】C 【详解】句意:他们的狗很大,但我们的狗很小。 考查代词辨析。Their他们的,形容词性物主代词;Theirs他们的,名词性物主代词;you你;his他的;ours我们的。第一处作定语修饰dog,用形容词性物主代词,排除B;第二处作主语,用名词性物主代词。故选C。 12.—Who’s _ speaking? —_ is David. A.this; That B.that; This C.this; This 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——是谁在说话?——我是David。 考查代词辨析。根据“Who’s...speaking”可知此处是打电话用语,that指代“你”,this指代“我”,故第一个空询问“你是谁”,第二个空回答“我是David”。故选B。 13.I have so _ friends in the new school and I live a happy life. A.many B.much C.more 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我有如此多的朋友在新的学校并且我过着快乐的生活。 考查形容词。many许多,修饰可数名词复数;much许多,修饰不可数名词;more比较级。根据“so”可知,后加原级,由于横线后的friends,所以是many。故选A。 14.Miss Yang is a kind teacher and she teaches _ English. We all like her. A.we B.our C.us 【答案】C 【详解】句意:杨老师是一位善良的老师,她教我们英语。我们都喜欢她。 考查人称代词。we我们,人称代词主格;our我们的,物主代词;us我们,人称代词宾格。teach sb. sth.“教某人某事”,因此此空使用人称代词;动词teaches后接人称代词宾格us,故选C。 15.Miss Han teaches _ Chinese and we like _ very much. A.us; her B.our; she C.us; she 【答案】A 【详解】句意:韩老师教我们中文,我们非常喜欢她。 考查代词辨析。us我们;her她;our我们的;she她。teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”,第一个空作宾语用宾格us;第二个空作like的宾语用宾格her。故选A。 【知识对接】 接点1. 人称代词 1. 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。 The cat is small. It(此处代指第三人称单数 The dog)is Mary’ s. 2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 3. 用法 (1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。 He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 (2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。 Can you understand me? 你能理解我吗?(作宾语) —Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门? —It’s me. 是我。(作表语) (3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。 Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。 (4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。 —I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。 —Me too. 我也喜欢。 (5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。 ①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称 第三人称 第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。 It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。 ②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称 第二人称 第三人称,即we, you and they。 接点2. 物主代词 1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。 2. 分类: 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his/her/ its ours yours theirs 含义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他(她,它)们的 3. 用法 (1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能放在名词前作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词。 my book,your name,their hobbies ①放在被拥有的物体名词前,指明事物的归属者。 My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。 ②放在被拥有的事物名词前,表示事物与某人有某种联系。 He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。 ③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。 She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。 ④放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的施行者。 not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久 ⑤放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的承受者。 Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们 ⑥用于头衔 Your Majesty(陛下) Would Your Highness like a cup of tea? 阁下想要一杯茶吗? 【注意】 a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的"人称"(第一、二、三人称)和"数"(单、复数)来确定。 b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物,如 "the door"或"the door of the room"比"its door"更常见。 c. 表示某物属于某人或某物,或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或"of +介词短语"表示。 (2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不能加名词,可单独使用,可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"。 ①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同,但属于其他人。 Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。 ②常用于"of"引出的介词短语,表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(表示许多朋友中的一个) 接点3. 指示代词 1. 定义:表示"这个""那个""这些""那些"等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。 指示代词 用法 例句 this(these) 用于指时间或空间上较近的事物 Is this your pen? These are my books. that(those) 用于指时间或空间上较远的事物 That dictionary is Mary’ s. Are those your books? 2. 用法 指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 (1)that 和those代替前面提到的东西,以避免重复这个名词。 My seat is next to that of the mayor.(that=mayor’ s seat)我的座位在市长座位旁边。 (2)this 或 that用来回指上文提到的事情,但若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this。 —She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。 —Who said that? 那是谁说的? I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点:她美吗? (3)在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方: Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗? (4)指示代词this,that和these在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。 接点4. 不定代词 不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。 1. 不定代词的句法功能 不定代词 成分 all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,some,any,one 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语 everyone,everybody,everything,someone, somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,none 在句中可作主语、宾语和表语 every,no 在句中只能作定语 1. 不定代词的基本语法 (1)some、any的用法 用法 例句 some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词) Do you have any brothers or sisters? 你有兄弟姐妹吗?(修饰可数名词) some多用于肯定句;在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。 Will you give me some water? 请给我一些水好吗? any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,表示"任何" If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题,可以问我。 Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。 some和any可以用来修饰单数名词,some表示"某一";any表示"任何的" Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。 Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。 (2)few,a few,little,a little的用法 用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词 表示肯定概念 a few虽少,但有几个 a little虽少,但有一点 表示否定概念 few不多,几乎没有 little不多,没有什么 【知识拓展】 1. 这四个词或词组在句中都可作主语、宾语和定语。 Few of us have been to Beijing. 我们中几乎没有人去过北京。(主语) I know little about the book. 我几乎不知道这本书的内容。(宾语) There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。(定语) He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。(定语) 2. a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示"有点,稍微",little表示"很少"。 I’ m a little hungry. 我有点俄。(修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. 让他睡一会儿。(修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. 玛丽,请走快一点儿。(修饰副词比较级) ※(3)other,the other,others,the others,another的用法 用法 例句 other 某一个,另一些,其他的。不能单独使用,后面要跟单数名词或复数名词,泛指别的 Where are his other books? 他的另一些书在哪里? others 其他。必须单独使用,泛指别人或别的东西,常用于"some... others"结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的,另一些是黑的。 the other 两个中的另一个,剩下的一个。特指,常用于"one... the other..."结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐,一个是护士,另一个是老师。 the others 其他全部,其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外,其他都是中国人。 another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个),可单独用,也可接单数名词或名词复数,表示"另几个,再几个" You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 你能看见另一艘船在海里,不是吗? (4)all,both,none,either,neither的用法 用法 例句 all ①侧重指三者或三者以上"都,全部,一切",在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语; all于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定使用none。 All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。 Not all books are good.(= All books are not good. 不是所有的书都是好书。 【知识拓展】all作主语,指代人时,谓语动词使用复数形式,指代事情时,谓语动词一般使用单数;作同位语时,all在句中的位置与both相同。 All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。 both ①表示"两者都",可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语; ②用于否定句表示部分否定,全部否定使用neither; ③both... and"两者都,既……又……"。 They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。 Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球 【知识拓展】both作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式;作主语的同位语时,位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。 Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。 They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。 none ①意为"没有人,没有一个,一点儿也没有,作主语和宾语,不作定语; ②none指代可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可,而指代不可数名词时,谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。 None of the rubbish has been removed. 垃圾一点也没运走。 【易错警示】none与no one的区别:none既可指人,又可指物,而no one意为"没有人",只能用于指人。作主语时,谓语用单数;none可以与of搭配,而no one无此用法;none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句,而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。 —How many students are there in the classroom now? 现在教室里有多少学生? —None. 没有一个人。 —Who is in the classroom now? 现在谁在教室呢? —No one. 没人。 either ①表示"两者中任何一个",可作主语、宾语和定语; ②either作主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。 You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。 The two guests have arrived and either is welcome. 两个客人都到了,而且都受欢迎。 【知识拓展】 (1)either可用于搭配"either... or...",意为"或者……或者……;要么……要么……"。 Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。 (2)either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。 He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。 neither ①意为"两者都不",可作主语、宾语和定语; ②neither... nor..."既不……也不……"。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。 Neither he nor I am a doctor. 他和我都不是医生。 【易错警示】neither作主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。 【达标训练】 一、单项选择 1.—Would you like to drink _ juice, Alice? —Yes, I’d love to. But I can’t find _ in the glass. It’s empty. A.some; some B.some; any C.any; some D.any; any 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——Alice,你想喝些果汁吗?——是的,我想。但我在杯子里找不到,它是空的。 考查some与any。some用于肯定句和表示建议、希望得到肯定回答的疑问句;any用于否定句和不表示建议、希望得到肯定回答的疑问句。根据“Would you like to drink ... juice”可知,此处是表示建议的疑问句,故用some;根据“But I can’t find ... in the glass.”可知,此处是否定句,故用any。故选B。 2.You’d better spend more time practising _ spoken English. A.you B.your C.we D.our 【答案】B 【详解】句意:你最好多花点时间练习英语口语。 考查代词辨析。you你,主格或宾格;your你的,形容词性物主代词;we我们,主格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。根据“You’d better spend more time practising...”可知,这里指练习你的英语口语,排除选项C和D,此处修饰名词应用形容词性物主代词,故选B。 3.This is an old song, so _ young people know about it. But I get new feelings every time I listen to it. A.many B.few C.little D.much 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这是一首老歌,所以很少有年轻人知道。但我每次听都有新的感觉。 考查代词辨析。many许多,修饰可数名词复数;few很少,几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;much许多,修饰不可数名词。根据“This is an old song,”可知,此处是指很少的年轻人知道这首歌曲,排除A和D;结合空后“young people”可知,people是可数名词,应用few来修饰。故选B。 4.—Is that blue jacket Tom’s? —No, it isn’t. _ is purple. A.Mine B.Yours C.Hers D.His 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——那件蓝色夹克是汤姆的吗?——不,不是。他的是紫色的。 考查代词辨析。Mine我的;Yours你的;Hers她的;His他的。根据“Is that blue jacket Tom’s”可知,这里指汤姆的夹克是紫色的,所以用his。故选D。 5.The red jacket on the chair isn’t Lucy’s. _ is yellow. A.She’s B.Her C.Hers D.She 【答案】C 【详解】句意:椅子上的红色夹克不是露西的。她的是黄色的。 考查代词辨析。She’s她是;Her她/她的,人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词;Hers她的,名词性物主代词;She她,人称代词主格。根据“is yellow”可知,此处指的是“露西的夹克衫”,设空处后面没有名词,因此应用名词性物主代词Hers。 故选C。 6.Sorry, sir. We don’t have _ apple juice. Would you like _ orange juice? A.some; any B.any; some C.some; some D.any; any 【答案】B 【详解】句意:对不起,先生,我们没有苹果汁了。你想喝点橙汁吗? 考查代词辨析。some一些,用在肯定句或表示请求、建议以及希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中;any任何,用在否定句或疑问句中。根据“We don’t have…”可知,第一空所在句是否定句,所以用any;第二空是表示建议的句型,希望得到对方的肯定回答,所以用some。故选B。 7._ hat is black, and _ is black, too. A.He; mine B.His; my C.He; my D.His; mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意:他的帽子是黑色的,我的也是黑色的。 考查代词辨析。he他,主格;his他的,物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。第一处作定语修饰hat,用形容词性物主代词,排除AC;第二处作主语,用名词性物主代词mine代替my hat。故选D。 8.The cake tastes _. I’d like to have _ one. A.well; another B.good; other C.good; another D.well; other 【答案】C 【详解】句意:蛋糕尝起来味道很好。我想再吃一个。 考查形容词的用法及代词辨析。well好地(副词),健康的;good好的(形容词);another再一个;other其他的。根据“The cake tastes...”可知,此处表示蛋糕的味道很好,tastes是系动词,后接形容词good作表语;因为味道很好,所以想再吃一个,another one“再一个”符合语境。故选C。 9.—Would you like _ chocolate? —No, thanks. A.any B.some C.many 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你想要一些巧克力吗?——不,谢谢。 考查限定词。any一些/任何,用于否定句以及普通疑问句中;some一些,用于肯定句以及希望得到对方肯定回复的疑问句中;many许多,后面跟可数名词复数形式。空后的chocolate为不可数名词,故排除C项。在would you like的问句中,希望得到对方肯定回复,要用some。故选B。 10.—Are these green pens yours? —_. My pens are red. A.No, it isn’t B.No, they aren’t C.Yes, it is D.Yes, they are 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这些绿色钢笔是你的吗?——不,它们不是。我的钢笔是红色的。 考查一般疑问句。No, it isn’t不,它不是;No, they aren’t不,它们不是;Yes, it is是的,它是;Yes, they are是的,它们是。根据“Are these green pens yours?”和“My pens are red.”可知,此处应为否定回答;疑问句“Are these…”的否定回答为“No, they aren’t”,故选B。 11.—Mike, is the blue eraser your sister’s? —No, it isn’t. _ is white. A.Mine B.His C.Her D.Hers 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——迈克,那块蓝色橡皮是你妹妹的吗?——不,它不是。她的是白色的。 考查代词辨析。Mine我的;His他的;Her她的(形容词性物主代词);Hers她的(名词性物主代词)。根据“is the blue eraser your sister’s”可知,空处指代my sister’s eraser,用名词性物主代词hers。故选D。 12.— What’s _ favorite subject? — _ favorite subject is math. A.you, My B.her, Her C.her, She 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——她最喜欢的学科是什么?——她最喜欢的学科是数学。 考查代词辨析。you你;My我的;her她的;She她。根据“favorite subject”可知,第一空和第二空应用形容词性物主代词修饰,选项B符合语法规则。故选B。 13.This is _ sister. _ name is Alice. A.my; Her B.my; She C.I; Her 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这是我的妹妹。她的名字叫Alice。 考查代词辨析。my我的,形容词性物主代词;Her她的,形容词性物主代词;She她,主格;I我,主格。根据“sister”可知,第一空应用形容词性物主代词my来修饰,排除选项C;根据“... name is Alice.”可知,第二空应用形容词性物主代词her来修饰。故选A。 14.—Bob, is this your dictionary? —No, it isn’t. It may be Linda’s. _ is in my schoolbag. A.Hers B.His C.Mine D.Its 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——Bob,这是你的词典吗?——不,它不是。它可能是Linda的。我的(词典)在我的书包里。 考查代词辨析。Hers她的;His他的;Mine我的;Its它的。根据“is in my schoolbag.”可知,此处指的是我的词典在我的书包里,用mine指代my dictionary。故选C。 15.—Cindy, is this _ dictionary? —No, it isn’t. _ is in my schoolbag. A.your; Mine B.you; My C.your; My D.yours; Mine 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——Cindy,这是你的字典吗?——不,它不是。我的在我书包里。 考查代词辨析。your你的,形容词性物主代词;you你,主格;yours你的,名词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。第一空后是名词,应用形容词性物主代词修饰,排除BD;第二空是作主语,空后无名词,应用名词性物主代词。故选A。 二、选词填空 16.My brother wants to have a chocolate cake on (her/his) birthday. 【答案】his 【详解】句意:我哥哥想在他生日那天吃一块巧克力蛋糕。根据“My brother”可知,男性应填his,故填his。 17.The dinosaur is taller than both of (we; us) together. 【答案】us 【详解】句意:这只恐龙比我们两个人加起来还高。of是介词,介词后面应用人称代词宾格。we我们(主格);us我们(宾格)。故填us。 18.Who is (you, your) favourite teacher? 【答案】your 【详解】句意:谁是你最喜欢的老师。you“你”;your“你的”。此处是指你的最喜欢的老师,修饰名词,应用形容词性物主代词your。故填your。 19.Anna likes (her/hers) brother’s T-shirt, but she doesn’t like (her/hers). 【答案】 her hers 【详解】句意:Anna喜欢她哥哥的T恤衫,但是她不喜欢她的。第一个空后是名词,故此处用形容词性物主代词her“她的”;第二个空指“她的T恤衫”,空格后无名词,此处用名词性物主代词hers“她的”。故填her;hers。 20.It’s my parents’ desk, and my desk is next to (their/theirs). 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意:这是我父母的桌子,我的桌子就在他们的旁边。根据“It’s my parents’ desk, and my desk is next to”可知此处指我的桌子在父母的桌子旁边,空格后无名词,此处用名词性物主代词theirs“他们的”。故填theirs。 21.Look at Bob. (His/Her) cap is red. 【答案】His 【详解】句意:看Bob。他的帽子是红色的。Bob是男子名,此处应用其对应的形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填His。 22.Tina and I are in the same school, and we like (our/ours) school very much. 【答案】our 【详解】句意:蒂娜和我在同一所学校,我们非常喜欢我们的学校。空格后有名词school,应用形容词性物主代词our,作定语修饰。故填our。 23.This is (my/mine) ruler, not (your/yours). 【答案】 my yours 【详解】句意:这是我的尺子,不是你的。第一个空格后有名词ruler,因此应用形容词性物主代词my“我的”来修饰;第二个空格后没有名词,因此应用名词性物主代词yours“你的”。故填my;yours。 24.Mary has (some/any) great toys. They are from her aunt. 【答案】some 【详解】句意:玛丽有一些很棒的玩具。是她阿姨送的。some常用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句。此句是肯定句,应填some,故填some。 25.Lily, do you have (something/anything) to drink? 【答案】something 【详解】句意:Lily,你有喝的吗?something用于肯定句和表示请求的疑问句,anything用于否定句和疑问句。此句是一般疑问句,且是表示请求的,希望得到对方的肯定回答,所以应填something,故填something。 26.These are (he, him, his) planes. 【答案】his 【详解】句意:这些是他的飞机。空后有名词planes,故此空应该用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 27.We can’t find our bikes. Can you help (we, us, our, ours)? 【答案】us 【详解】句意:我们找不到我们的自行车了。你能帮助我们吗?“help”为动词,后接代词作宾语要用宾格形式。故填us。 28.Tom can’t get down from the tree. Can you help (he, him, his)? 【答案】him 【详解】句意:汤姆不能从树上下来。你能帮他吗?he他,主格代词;him他,宾格代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词。空处作help的宾语,需用宾格代词him。故填him。 29.(I, Me, My, Mine) can’t get my kite. Could you help (I, me, my, mine)? 【答案】 I me 【详解】句意:我拿不到我的风筝。你能帮帮我吗?第一空作主语,应用主格形式,第二空作宾语,应用宾格形式,故填I;me。 30. (He/His) bike is so old that it often doesn’t work. 【答案】His 【详解】句意:他的自行车太旧了,经常不能用。空处修饰其后的名词,应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填His。 三、单词拼写 31.box n. 箱;盒 (复数) 32.dictionary n. 词典;字典 (复数) 33.mine pron. 我的 (形容词性物主代词)我的 (主格)我 (宾格)我 34.his pron. 他的 (形容词性物主代词)他的 (主格)他 (宾格)他 35.hers pron. 她的 (形容词性物主代词)她的 (主格)她 (宾格)她 36.yours pron. 你的 (形容词性物主代词)你的 (主格)你 (宾格)你 37.watch n. 手表 (复数) 38.library n. 图书馆 (复数) 39.find v. 找到;发现 (过去式) 40.lose v. 遗失;丢失 (过去式) 【答案】31.boxes 32.dictionaries 33. my I me 34. his he him 35. her she her 36. your you you 37.watches 38.libraries 39.found 40.lost 【解析】31.box“盒子”,复数是boxes,故填boxes。 32.dictionary“字典”,其复数是dictionaries,故填dictionaries。 33.mine“我的”,是名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词是my,主格是I,宾格是me,故填my;I;me。 34.his“他的”,形容词性物主代词是his,主格是he,宾格是him,故填his;he;him。 35.hers“她的”,名词性物主代词,其形容词性物主代词是her,主格是she,宾格是her,故填her;she;her。 36.yours“你的”,名词性物主代词,其形容词性物主代词是your,主格是you,宾格是you,故填your;you;you。 37.watch“手表”,其复数是watches,故填watches。 38.library“图书馆”,其复数是libraries,故填libraries。 39.find“找到”,过去式是found,故填found。 40.lose“丢失”,过去式是lost,故填lost。 【能力提升】 一、阅读理解 A I’m Li Fang. I’m a Chinese girl. I like English best because it’s very interesting and useful (有用的). I like speaking English with my classmates. I join the school English club. I go to the club on Saturdays. Our English teacher is Miss Gao. She loves us very much. But she is very strict with us. And we love her too. She often tells us some funny English stories. She likes sports very much. After class, she often plays volleyball with us. She also plays the piano very well. She often plays the piano and we sing and dance. Miss Gao is really good with us. My favourite sports are volleyball and swimming. I usually go swimming on Sundays with my friend, Han Mei. My favourite animal is a dog. I often play with it after school. It’s my friend too. 阅读短文,根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。正确选A,错误选B。 1.Li Fang’s favourite subject is English. 2.Miss Gao is not strict with her students. 3.Miss. Gao doesn’t like sports or music. 4.Miss Gao often plays volleyball after class. 5.Li Fang usually goes swimming on Sundays. 【答案】1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.A 【导语】本文讲述了作者最喜欢的科目是英语,最喜欢的运动是排球和游泳,最喜欢的动物是狗,文中还介绍了作者的英语老师。 1.细节理解题。根据“I like English best because it’s very interesting and useful (有用的).”可知,李芳最喜欢的科目是英语。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据“Our English teacher is Miss Gao. She loves us very much. But she is very strict with us.”可知,高老师对学生很严格。故选B。 3.细节理解题。根据“Our English teacher is Miss Gao...She likes sports very much. After class, she often plays volleyball with us. She also plays the piano very well. She often plays the piano and we sing and dance.”可知,高老师很喜欢运动。故选B。 4.细节理解题。根据“Our English teacher is Miss Gao...She likes sports very much. After class, she often plays volleyball with us.”可知,高老师在课后经常打排球。故选A。 5.细节理解题。根据“I usually go swimming on Sundays with my friend,”可知,李芳经常在周日时去游泳。故选A。 B Do you like to play sports outside? In fact, some people don’t like to play sports. They don’t want to be tired (累的). But I like playing sports. It is an important thing in my life. Playing sports has many advantages (优势). It can make us very happy and excited (兴奋的). It can make us sleep better at night. It can help us grow (生长) tall and strong. For example (例如), playing basketball helps us grow tall. It can help us make more friends. When we play sports, we have more chances (机会) to meet other people. If you also like to play sports, we can be friends easily. 6.Why don’t some people like to play sports? A.Because they think it makes them tall. B.Because they think it makes them tired. C.Because they think it makes them ill (生病的). D.Because they think it makes them strong. 7.According to the text, which sport can help us grow tall? A. B. C. D. 8.How many advantages of playing sports in the text? A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five. 9.Which of the following is NOT mentioned (提到) in the text? A.Playing sports can make us sleep better at night. B.Playing sports can help us grow tall and strong. C.Playing sports can make us happy and excited. D.Playing sports can make us study well. 10.What’s the text mainly about? A.Advantages of playing sports. B.Making more friends. C.How to sleep well. D.Different hobbies. 【答案】6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍运动的几点好处。 6.细节理解题。根据“In fact, some people don’t like to play sports. They don’t want to be tired. ”可知有些人不喜欢运动,因为他们认为这会使他们累,故选B。 7.细节理解题。根据“ It can help us grow tall and strong. For example, playing basketball helps us grow tall.”可知打篮球可以帮助我们长高,故选A。 8.细节理解题。根据“ It can make us very happy and excited. It can make us sleep better at night. It can help us grow tall and strong. For example, playing basketball helps us grow tall. It can help us make more friends. ”可知文章介绍了四种做运动的好处,故选C。 9.细节理解题。根据“ It can make us very happy and excited. It can make us sleep better at night. It can help us grow tall and strong. For example, playing basketball helps us grow tall.”可知ABC选项都提到了,D选项“运动可以使我们学习好。”没有提及,故选D。 10.主旨大意题。根据“Playing sports has many advantages (优势).”以及文章可知本文主要介绍了运动的好处,故选A。 C Hello! My name is Li Yumei and I’m 13 years old. I am from Beijing. Here is a photo of some boys and girls. They are from the same place. Their families are very poor, so they don’t have much money to buy school things. I have five friends and they see the photo, too. We want to help them. These things are for them——six pencil boxes, six pencils, six rulers, six erasers, eight schoolbags and nine picture books. Our teachers help them, too. They give them two computers, five dictionaries and nine maps. Do you want to help the boys and girls? Call me at 468-3399. Thanks! 11.Who is Li Yumei? A.A girl from Shanghai. B.A boy from the poor place. C.A teacher from Beijing. D.A student from Beijing. 12.The underlined word “poor” means “_ ” in Chinese. A.拥挤的 B.富裕的 C.贫困的 D.慷慨的 13.How many students help the poor boys and girls? A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Eight. 14.What do the teachers give to the poor boys and girls? A.Dictionaries. B.Schoolbags. C.Picture books. D.Rulers. 15.If you want to help the poor boys and girls, you can _. A.call the teacher at 468-3399 B.call me at 486-3939 C.call the poor boys and girls at 468-3399 D.call Li Yumei at 468-3399 【答案】11.D 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.D 【导语】本文主要介绍了李玉梅和她的朋友们帮助贫困学生,给他们捐赠学习用具的事情。 11.细节理解题。根据“My name is Li Yumei and I’m 13 years old. I am from Beijing.”可知,李玉梅是一个来自北京的学生。故选D。 12.词义猜测题。根据“so they don’t have much money to buy school things.”可知,这些学生没有钱买很多学习用品,说明他们是贫穷的。故选C。 13.细节理解题。根据“I have five friends and they see the photos, too.”可知,有6名学生帮助贫困地区的孩子们。故选B。 14.细节理解题。根据“They give them two computers, five dictionaries and nine maps.”可知,老师捐赠的是字典。故选A。 15.细节理解题。根据“Do you want to help the boys and girls? Call me at 468-3399.”可知,可以通过拨打电话468-3399给李玉梅帮助学生。故选D。 二、补全对话 读下面短文,从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 (选项中有一项为多余选项)。 ( A.How do Chinese like the festival? B.Which is your favourite festival? C.What do you usually do at the festival? D.Is there a Chinese festival in June, too? E.How do you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival? F.Is the Spring Festival the most important one in China? )An American student Joseph is talking with a Chinese student Li Hua to learn about the festivals in China on the Internet. Joseph: I hear there are many traditional (传统的) festivals in China. Americans celebrate Father’s Day in June. 16 Li Hua: Yes, it’s on the fifth day of the fifth lunar (阴历) month. We call it the Dragon Boat Festival. Joseph: 17 Li Hua: We make and eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races. We do the activities to remember a hero called Quyuan. Joseph: Oh, I see. 18 Li Hua: We Chinese usually enjoy the full moon and have moon cakes on that day. Joseph: It sounds great. 19 Li Hua: That’s right. Usually all the family members go back home and get together during the festival. We give our best wishes for the new year. Joseph: So you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival in different ways. 20 Li Hua: I like the Spring Festival best. I am looking forward to it. Joseph: Wish you a happy new year. Thank you for telling me about the festivals. Li Hua: You are welcome. 【答案】16.D 17.C 18.E 19.F 20.B 【导语】本对话是约瑟夫与李华谈论中国节日。 16.根据“I hear there are many traditional (传统的) festivals in China. Americans celebrate Father’s Day in June.”可知,此处在谈论六月的节日,D选项“六月也有中国的节日吗”符合情景。故选D。 17.根据“We make and eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races. We do the activities to remember a hero called Quyuan.”可知,此处在谈论端午节的活动,C选项“你们通常在节日里做什么”符合情景。故选C。 18.根据“We Chinese usually enjoy the full moon and have moon cakes on that day.”可知,此处在谈论中秋节的活动,E选项“你们怎样庆祝中秋节”符合情景。故选E。 19.根据“Usually all the family members go back home and get together during the festival. We give our best wishes for the new year.”可知,此处在谈论春节的活动,F选项“春节是中国最重要的节日吗”符合情景。故选F。 20.根据“I like the Spring Festival best.”可知,此处在谈论最喜欢的节日,B选项“你最喜欢哪个节日”符合情景。故选B。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$