Unit 3 I've Got a Headache. 语法课件-2023-2024学年高一下学期 中职英语外研版（2021）基础模块2

导学案习题： 1.填空。 1.I _____ ______ _______ the room. 我已经打扫完了房间。 2.I _____ ______ _______ lunch.我刚刚吃完了午饭。 3.He _____ ______ _______ such a mistake.他从未犯过这样的错误。 4.He _____ ______ here ______2012. 他自从2012年就住在这了。 5.We ______ ______ English ____ ___ ___.我们已经学习英语八年了。 6.以上句子时态为：_______ 动词结构为:________ +_________ 2.写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词。 work stop live come cost speak beat go run give cry get have already clean have just eaten has never made has lived since have learned for eight years 现在完成时 has/have done spoke spoken went went gave given got gotten worked worked stopped stopped lived lived came come cost cost beat beaten ran run cried cried Grammar 1: Present Perfect Tense现在完成时 Learning Objective学习目标: Master the meaning and usage of the present perfect tense. 掌握现在完成时的含义与用法。 Unit 3 I’ve Got a Headache Lead-in 请观察例句，判断其时态及含义。 1. He has finished his assignment. 2. We have learned English for eight years. past过去 now现在 future未来 一、时态基本构成：_________________________ 二、现在完成时的定义： ①过去发生的动作对现在产生的______________。 ②过去发生的动作___________到现在，可能还会_________。 影响或结果 一直持续 持续下去 -------------- has finished have learned has/have(助动词）+done（过去分词） 三、时间标志词： ①影响类： already已经（肯定句）；yet(否定：尚未） now现在；just刚刚; today今天 ②经验类： ever曾经；never从未； several times多次 ③持续类： for+时间段；since+过去的时间点/从句； so far; by now迄今为止； recently最近 既学既练：填写动词正确格式。 1._______you ever _______(see) this film? I ______never _______(see) it. 2.He _____________(work)here since 2020. Have seen have seen has worked 观察例句，查看对应的时间状语： 1.I have already cleaned the room. 2.I have just eaten lunch. 3.He has never made such a mistake. 4.I have lived here since 2012. 四、过去分词的变化规则： ①规则类（同过去式变化规则：___________________） worked 1.直+ed want______ live d 2.去e+ed (以不发音的e结尾） move____ hope___ stopped 3.双+ed(重读闭音节单词双写最后字母加ed) plan____ beg__ cryied 4.改y i+ed try____ study____ ②不规则(特殊记忆——背诵课本P125动词变化表） 1.AAA型 cost cost cost 2.AAB型 beat beat beaten 3.ABA型 run ran run 4.ABB型 sit sat sat 直去双改 现在完成时的句式结构 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 特殊疑问句 主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其他. 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词 + 其他. hasn’t/ haven’t Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? Yes, 主语 + have / has. No, 主语 + have / has + not. 1.He has lived in Beijing for 10 years. 他在北京住了10年了。 He hasn’t lived in Beijing for 10 years. 五、现在完成时的句式结构 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ How long has he lived in Beijing? Has he lived in Beijing for 10 years? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. 六、 现在完成时表持续时，谓语用延续性动词，不用短暂性动词。 例如：1.I bought this book last year. 2.He died last year. begin/start开始 be on leave离开 be away(from) close关闭 be closed open打开 be open die死亡 be dead I have had this book for a year. 短暂性V（动作） 延续性V.（状态） He has been dead for one year. 短暂性V. 延续性V. buy have borrow借 keep保留 七、现在完成时用法辨析 have/has 去了没回 (不可与for+一段时间连用) 去过某地(去过已回来) (不可与for+一段时间连用) 一直呆在某地呆了很久 （常与时间段搭配） (in+大地点;at+小地点) 3.Smiths have been in Beijing for five years. gone(to) been(to) been(in/at) 1.Where’s he? He has gone to Beijing. 2.He has been to Beijing. 他在哪？ --他去北京了。 他去过北京。 史密斯一家人已经在北京呆了五年了。 现在完成时小结： 一、现在完成时结构：______(助动词）+______ ①过去发生的动作对现在_____________________. 二、现在完成时定义: ②过去发生的动作_____到现在，可能____________. 对应时间标志词：影响类_____;经验类______;持续类______; 肯定句：主语+______+______+其他。 三、不同句式结构： 否定句：主语+____________+过去分词+其他。 一般疑问句：_______+主语______+其他？肯__ 否__ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+__________ 四、表持续时，延续性动词的转化：buy:_____ die:____ leave:___ borrow:______ 五、辨析：has/have gone(to)_______ has/have been(to)______ have/has been in/at_____ 课后练习： 一填空：1. John __________ (not be) to any parties since October. 2.-_____she_________(finish)his work today? -Not yet. 3. My father________________(just come)back from work. He is tired now. 4. How long _______ the students ____ (prepare) for the exam? 5. The old man__________(die) last year. He_______________(die) for a year. 二.单选 1.-Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -Sorry. He________the RenMin Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 2.The old man _______away from China since 1990. A. was B. is C. has been D. has 3.They___ to Xian. A. have never been B. never have been C. have been never D. never go 4.-_you ever__to the Shanghai? -Yes，twice. A. Have; gone B. Have; been C. Do; go D. were; going 5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I________her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet Has finished has just come died has been dead B has not been have prepared B C A B 1.Mr.Green isn’t at home. He has been to Renmin Park. A B C D 2.I have bought the bike for over four years. A B C D 3.Tom’s mother worked in the city for over 20 years. A B C D 4.He said that he have known her in China since ten years ago. A B C D Homework: 1.补充完善课上笔记，每个理论+2个例句. 2.完成现在完成时思维导图 （框架5点理论+每条理论自行造一个例句） 3.完成随堂练习册对应习题（查词与解析）。 $$