考点串讲 过去完成时-高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（外研版2019）

考点串讲03 过去完成时考点解析 一．过去完成时基本考点分析 现在 过去的过去 过去 （1）构成：had done 被动语态：had been done （2）用法 ①表示某一动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”。 When Jack got home, Mary had been away for almost an hour. 当杰克到家时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。（玛丽离开在杰克到家之前，所以是过去的过去） ②表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间，仍有继续下去的可能。 I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我已经在车站等了20分钟了。 ③过去完成时时间标志词：by+过去的时间点（截止到....）, by the end of+过去的时间点（到...末）, by the time, until, before等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句 By the end of last year, we had learn 3000 words. 到去年年底，我们已经学了3000个单词。 ④常见固定句型：“hardly/scarcely...when...”“no sooner...than...”，主句用过去完成时，且常用部分倒装，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”，以及句式 it was the +序数词+time that....某人在过去第几次做某事 No sooner had we gotten on than the bus started.　 我们刚上车，公共汽车就开动了。 Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 ⑤表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等（本希望，本打算，本以为，本期望）。 I had planned to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so.　 我本来打算寄给他一张圣诞卡片的，但我忘了寄了。 （3）过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 1.时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。 2.强调的动作不同：过去完成时表示过去的过去，不单独使用，多和一般过去时一起使用。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。 He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. 二．专项训练 I.单选 1. By the end of last month, Jane _______enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 2. Mum delicious food for me when I came back from school. A. has prepared B. would prepare C. is preparing D. had prepared 3.-Why was he late for school yesterday? - He overslept. By the time he got to the bus stop, the bus already__________ A. was; leaving B. has; left C. would; leave D. had; left 4. Chris_________ his seat belt before his father asked him to do so. A. fastened B. fastens C. had fastened D. will fasten 5. When I arrived at the cinema, the movie for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. had been on D. has been on 6. The Chinese farmers___________ how to grow rice by the end of 21st century B.C.. A. learned B. learn C. have learned D. had learned 7. The volunteers ___________a lot of waste bottles on the beach by the end of the tourism festival. A. will collect B. have collected C. was collecting D. had collected 8. By the end of last month, I_________ all the CDs of Justin Bieber. A. Collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected 9. Simon__________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 10. Detective Kim ___________on the case for 3 months before he finally got the clues and successfully solved it. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. had worked II.单句语法填空 1.On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. 2. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; her child (eat) everything. 3.We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody (break) into the office during the night. 4.Peter (intend) to take a job in business, but something unexpected happened. 5.More patients (treat) in hospital in time before further steps were taken. 6.Instead of getting down to a new test as I (expect), he examined the precious work again. 7.A few months after her had arrived in China, Mr Smith (fall) in love with people and culture there. 8.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it. 9.The bridge (build) by the end of last year. 10.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. 11.They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. 12.When I arrived at the station, he (leave). 13.If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 14.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (carry) out in the past two years. 15.It was the fourth time she (shop) online for hours. I had already reminded her to think twice before buying anything, but my wife ignored what I had said. III.语篇填空 (2024·新课标I卷)Heatherwick Studio recently unveiled a new project, a kinetic greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful unfolding structure is at the center of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 1. ______(engineer) techniques are used to create a protective 2. ________(function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel "sepals" made of glass and aluminum. These sepals open over four minutes to reveal a 1,517 square foot space shaped like a crown. The Glasshouse opens on warm days 3. _________(give) the inside plants sun and ventilation.Then in colder weather, the structure stays 4. _________(close) to protect plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5. _______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road. The trading routes between Asia and Europe brought silk and spices as well as many plant species to Britain for 6. ______first time. These plants included modern Western 7. _______(favorite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. Plant species span from Mediterranean evergreens to Gallica roses that came to Europe thanks to traders from Persia. This Heatherwick, Glasshouse represents the cutting edge of technical design and engineering but it's also a restoration of something that is part of Woolbeding's history,"Mark Woodruff of The Woolbeding Charity says."It stands 8. _______a crowning achievement in contemporary design, to house the flora of sub-tropical south-west China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route from temperate Europe and across mountains, arid lands and high pastures 9.______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10. _____(rich) and glory of gardening in England." Mark Woodruff adds. 参考答案 单选 1【答案】c 【解析】考查时态。句意:截止到上个月底，简已经为那个可怜的生病男孩筹到了足够的钱。根据时间状语“By the end of last month"可知用过去完成时，其结构是had done。故选C。 2【答案】D 【解析】考查过去完成时。在我回到家的时候妈妈已经给我备好了饭。在过去的一个时间之前己英语一居居分享经完成的动作要用过去完成时，故选D。 3【答案】D 【解析】本题主要考查过去完成时。结合句意可知，当他到了公交车站时，公交车已经离开。他到达车站是过去的动作，公交车离开是过去的过去，故应该用过去完成时，过去完成时的格式是had done。故had left符合题意。 故正确答案为D。 4【答案C 【解析】考查时态。句意:克里斯在父亲要求他系好安全带之前就系好了。fastened系牢，过去居居分享式；fastens系牢，动词第三人称单数；had fastened系牢，过去完成时；will fasten将系牢，-般将来时。根据句意理解可知，主句动作是发在从句动作之前的，而从句动作用的是一般过去时，所以主句动作应该用过去完成时，结构是"had+过去分词”。故选C。 5【答案】C 【解析】考查时态。根据句中的时间状语从句可知，"Whenl arrived at the cinema"用的是一般过去时，而“电影开始”发生在“到达”之前，所以要用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成:主语+ had +动词的过去分词。begin是瞬间动词，不能和时间段连用，要转化成表示状态的词be on, 故选C。 居居分 6【答案】D 【解析】本题主要考查过去完成时。 结合句意可知，到公元前21世纪末，中国的农民已经学会了如何种植水稻。“by the end of +过去的时问”，表示“到...为止”，一般和过去完成时连用。公元前21世纪末是过去的时间，农民已经学会植水稻是过去的过去，故应该用过去完成时，过去完成时的格式是had done。故had learned符合题意。故正确答案为D。 7【答案】D 【解析】考查过去完成时。由“by the end of the tourism festival”可知，句子时态为过去完成时，故选D。 8【答案】D 【解析】本题主要考查过去完成时。结合句意可知，到上个月月底为止，“我”已经收集了贾斯汀·比伯的所有CD。“by the end of +过去的时间”，表示“到...为止”，一般和过去完成时连用。上个月月底是过去的时间，收集齐所有的CD是过去的过去，故应该用过去完成时。 9【答案C 【解析】结合语境推测句意是:“西蒙在举办第一次音乐会之前已经弹钢琴好几年了。”根据时间状语“for ages when he gave his first concert”判断主句动作发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，构成是:had+动词的过去分词。故选C。 10【答案】D 【解析】本题考查时态。句意:基姆侦探在这个案子上花了3个月的时间，终丁找到线索，成功 居居分享地破解了这个案件。for 3months3个月，一段时间，故用完成时，且根据题干successfully solved it.(成功地解决了)，故可知这件事到现在为止已经结束了，用过去完成时，过去的过去， 故选D。 单句语法填空 1-5 had been invitted had eaten, had broken, had intended, had been treated, 6-10 had expected, fell, had hope, had been built, had been trapped, 11-15 had driven, had left, had caught, had been carried, had shopped 语篇填空 1. engineering 2. functional 3. to give 4. closed 5. walks 6. the 7. favorites 8. as 9. that/which 10. richness 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$