暑假作业09 阅读理解七选五-【暑假分层作业】2024年八年级英语暑假培优练（牛津译林版）

完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业09 阅读理解七选五 阅读七选五文中设五个空，依据挖空位置，可将5个题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题；依据句子在文中的作用，可分为“主旨概括句(涉及文章整体内容)”“语段过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节注释句(反映上下文的逻辑关系)”三个类型。 1.语境线索 1)词汇重现（以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。或者以同义词、近义词甚至反义词等形式出现） 2)指称（用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等，如he, she, they，them） 3)逻辑关系词 ★并列与递进关系： and, or, also, neither…nor…,either…or…,,as well as, the same …as, besides, what is more等。 ★转折让步关系： but, however, yet, on the other hand, while, , instead of, , even though等。 ★因果关系： because, for, since, as, so, so…that, thanks to, as a result, because of等。　 ★顺序关系： afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with 等。 2.根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果空格在段首或为段落标题，通常是段落主题句。 2)如果空格在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word。 3)如果空格是一整个自然段，通常是承上启下的句子。 七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入小题横线上的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year. ____1____ ·Make a detailed（详细的）plan. If your New Year’s plan is to exercise five days each week, a plan like “I’ll exercise on weekdays” would not be clear. A detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break” would be better. ____2____ ·Make it fun If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily. ____3____ If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours, you’ll look forward to studying. ·____4____ Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through. ·Give yourself more chances. You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late. ____5____ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results. A. Make more friends. B. Get a little help from your friends. C. Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting. D. Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals. E. After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan. F. But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer. G. All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. F 4. B 5. E 【解析】本文介绍了几个可以帮助你实现你的目标的建议。 1.根据“Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year.”以及下文的介绍可知，此处应该是总起指出有一些建议，选项D“这里有一些建议可以帮助你实现你的目标。”符合，故选D。 2.根据“If your New Year’s plan is to exercise five days each week, a plan like ‘I’ll exercise on weekdays’ would not be clear. A detailed plan like ‘I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break’ would be better.”可知，此处应该是说与计划有关的情况，即计划应该是具体详细的，选项G“总而言之，你应该在你的计划中提供所有的事实或信息。”符合，故选G。 3.根据“If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily.”可知，此处应该是说运动中要有乐趣才能坚持下去，选项F“但如果你从锻炼或学习中获得乐趣，你就会坚持得更久。”符合，故选F。 4.根据“Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through.”可知，此处应该是说需要朋友的帮助，选项B“让你的朋友帮点忙。”符合，故选B。 5.根据“You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late.”可知，此处应是说与早睡计划有关的情况，选项E“在那之后，你可能会想要放弃早睡的计划。”符合，故选E。 二 Everyone needs friends, and if you fail to make friends, ___1___ Maybe you have social faults such as talkativeness(多嘴) and improper behaviour, which drive away your new friends. Whatever your social faults may be, ___2___ A friendly person does his best to make a stranger feel comfortable, wherever he happens to be. Put yourself in the other person’s place and make him feel welcome. ___3___ It makes your new friends feel happy. And it gives them the feeling that they have made an impression(印象) on you because you remember them. If you do not agree with other people on a certain matter, ___4___ or you will lose friends easily. Finally a friendly person thinks of not only himself, but also others. ___5___ A. Smile at someone and you may surely get a smile in return. B. do not argue, but discuss C. you should think if there’s something wrong with your personality(性格). D. Treat different people in different ways. E. Try to remember names. F. People who refuse to consider others have few friends. G. look at them honestly, and try to correct them. 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. E 4. B 5. F 【解析】本文主要介绍了和朋友相处的一些方式。 1.根据“if you fail to make friends”可知空前是条件，空后应该是条件下的结果，选项C“你应该想想自己的性格是否有问题”符合语境，故选C。 2.根据“Whatever your social faults may be”可推知接下来应该要说应该怎么去做，选项G“诚实地看待它们，试着纠正它们”符合语境，故选G。 3.根据“It makes your new friends feel happy. And it gives them the feeling that they have made an impression(印象) on you because you remember them.”可知，记住他们，这让他们觉得他们给你留下了深刻的印象，从而使他们感到高兴。选项E“试着记住名字”符合语境，故选E。 4.根据“If you do not agree with other people on a certain matter,”可知，此处是指如果你在某件事上不同意别人的意见应该怎么做，选项B“不要争论，要讨论”符合语境，故选B。 5.根据“Finally a friendly person thinks of not only himself, but also others”可知，人不仅要为自己着想，也要为朋友着想，结合选项可知，选项F“不为别人着想的人几乎没有朋友”符合语境，故选F。 三 When you have a cold, your friends can’t visit you because they don’t want to get a cold. When you are part of a family, if one of you gets a cold, often all of you get it. ____1____. Below are four ways to help stop a cold spreading and to feel better again. ●Wash your hands. Washing your hands is the most important way to stop the spread of colds. Cold germs (病菌) are spread by touch. The germs get onto your hands and from there into your eyes, nose and mouth. Wash your hands carefully using soap and hot water. ___2___, they will be much less likely to get the cold. ●Cover your nose and mouth. There is a saying that “coughs and sneezes spread illness”. ___3___ when coughing and your nose if sneezing. That way, the cold germs won’t get onto your hands and spread to things you touch such as doorknobs, tap handles or cups and plates. ●____4____. Cold germs are spread very easily. You can use a disinfectant (消毒的) cleaner to clean doorknobs, taps, toilet handles. Be sure to use only your own towel, toothbrush and cup. ●Take care of yourself. ____5____. Eat healthy simple foods such as soup or rice. Get enough rest and sleep. Stay in bed, read a book. Do your schoolwork and practice your English! Remember that a common cold only lasts a few days. You will feel better soon. A. Some cold medicines can help stop aches and fever B. Cold germs can be spread by coughing and sneezing C. If all the members of your family wash their hands too D. Always use a piece of soft paper to cover your mouth E. When you wash your hands every half an hour F. Clean your house G. There is no good method of treating the common cold 【答案】1. G 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. A 【解析】本文介绍了四种防止感冒传染的方法。 1.根据“Below are four ways to help stop a cold spreading and to feel better again.”可知没有治疗感冒的方法却有防止感冒传播、让人感觉好一些的方法。G项“治疗普通感冒没有好的方法”符合语境。故选G。 2.根据“Wash your hands.”可知本段主要讲洗手相关内容，再由“they”可知句中主语是复数。C项“如果你家人也都洗手的话”符合语境。故选C。 3.根据“Cover your nose and mouth.”可知咳嗽和打喷嚏时要捂住口鼻。D项“总是用一张软纸盖住你的嘴”符合语境。故选D。 4.根据“You can use a disinfectant cleaner to clean doorknobs, taps, toilet handles.”可知此处讲打扫卫生。F项“打扫你的房子”符合语境。故选F。 5.根据“Take care of yourself.”可知此处讲照顾自己的相关内容。A项“一些感冒药可以帮助止疼和退烧”符合语境。故选A。 一 How do people find their inner talent? British author and speaker Sir Kenneth Robinson talked about this at TED. He told the story of Gillian Lynne, a dancer and a choreographer(编舞者)who has worked on famous musicals like Cats and Phantom of the Opera(《歌剧魅影》). ____1____She couldn't think carefully about she's learning and often found herself unable to keep still because she was bored. Her mother was quite worried about her. She took Lynne to a doctor. For 20 minutes, she talked about the problems Lynne was having in school.____2____As they left the room, the doctor turned on the radio. He then said to Lynne's mother, "Just stand and watch her."____3____The doctor then turned to Lynne's mother and said, "Mrs. Lynne, your daughter isn't sick. She's a dancer. Take her to a dance school." So she did.____4____Lynne later went to the Royal Ballet School, one of the world's greatest dance schools, and became a great dancer. After leaving the school, she worked on some of the most successful musicals in history.____5____. Those who never did well in school needn't worry. Find your inner talent like Lyme, you can also succeed. A. The doctor played the music to calm her daughter down. B. Gillian Lynne never did well in school as a child. C. The minute they left the room, Lyme was on her feet, dancing to the music on the radio. D. It is hard to believe that years ago, somebody else would just put her on medication(药物治疗)and tell her to calm down. E. Then, the doctor said to Lynne, "I need to talk to your mother first. Wait here. " F. Lynne just stood here and watched her mother. G. Lynne's new dance school was full of people just like her—people who had to move in order to think. 【答案】1. B 2. E 3. C 4. G 5. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述舞蹈家吉莉安·林恩小时候学业不好，母亲很担心，带她去看医生，而医生发现了她的舞蹈才能，后来林恩去了舞蹈学校并成为伟大的舞蹈家。由此启发读者学业不好不用担心，试着找到自己潜在的才能，总有一天会成功。 1.句意：吉莉安·林恩是小孩子的时候，她的学业从没好过。 根据“She couldn't think carefully about she's learning”可知此处与她的学业有关，B选项“Gillian Lynne never did well in school as a child”符合。故选B。 2.句意：然后医生和林恩说：“我需要和你的母亲聊一聊，在这里等着” 根据“As they left the room, the doctor turned on the radio. He then said to Lynne's mother”可知此处讲述医生要和母亲谈话，E选项“Then, the doctor said to Lynne, ‘need to talk to your mother first. Wait here. ’”符合。故选E。 3.句意：他们一离开房间，林恩就站起来，随着收音机的音乐跳舞。 根据“the doctor turned on the radio”及“She's a dancer. Take her to a dance school”可知此处讲述林恩跳舞。C选项“The minute they left the room, Lynne was on her feet, dancing to the music on the radio”符合。故选C。 4.句意：林恩的新舞蹈学校有很多像她这样的人，那些人不得不为了思考而运动。 根据“Take her to a dance school”及“So she did”可知此处讲述林恩去的舞蹈学校，G选项“Lyme's new dance school was full of people just like her—people who had to move in order to think”符合。故选G。 5.句意：很难相信，很多年之前，某个人会让她进行药物治疗告诉她要镇定下来。 根据“she worked on some of the most successful musicals in history”可知此处是她以前和现在的比较，以前母亲担心她的学业，带她去看医生，而现在她成了成功的舞蹈家。D选项 “It is hard to believe that years ago, somebody else would just put her on medication and tell her to calm down”符合。故选D。 二 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all love spending time by the sea. Some lucky ones might live on the coast and enjoy the benefits (益处) all around the year. ____1____ Most of us would say we feel healthier by the ocean. In the past, doctors would actually suggest spending time by the sea to their patients. And research has shown that people who live on the coast are more likely to believe their health is good compared to those living in a city. So how do we benefit, exactly? Well, to start with, it’s great for our mental (心理) health. Scientists have discovered that we have something called a blue mind. They have shown that watching, listening to the waves (海浪) or being in the ocean helps our brains slow down. ____2____ This is why people who have trouble sleeping are often told to listen to recordings of the sound of waves hitting the beach to help them relax at bedtime. ____3____ We go out a lot more when we’re on holiday by the sea. We often become more active on holidays and people who live on the coast are usually more active too. ____4____ Walking on sand requires more effort than on the pavement. And the sea air is good for people with breathing problems too. There is less pollution in the air near the ocean and in autumn and winter the air is fresher. This is healthier than the dry air in homes with central heating. It has even been found that the chemicals in sea water may help us have healthy skin. ____5____ We look forward so much to having our next one! A. Breathing the air in the city makes you more active. B. Others usually have to wait for the next vacation. C. Being by the sea is also good for our physical health. D. Kids especially like to have fun by the sea in summer. E. Naturally we often feel so great at the end of a seaside holiday. F. The sound of them can help us relax and feel free from stress. G. And if you take your walks on the beach, this is a lot better. 【答案】1. B 2. F 3. C 4. G 5. E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何从海边受益。 1.根据“Some lucky ones might live on the coast and enjoy the benefits (益处) all around the year.”可知，一些幸运的人可能住在海边，一年四季都能享受到好处。结合选项，此处是some...others...结构，选项B“其他人通常要等到下一个假期。”符合语境，故选B。 2.根据“They have shown that watching, listening to the waves (海浪) or being in the ocean helps our brains slow down.”可知，他们已经证明，观察、倾听海浪或在海洋中可以帮助我们的大脑慢下来。此处提到帮助我们慢下来的大海的声音，选项F“它们的声音可以帮助我们放松，摆脱压力。”符合语境，故选F。 3.根据“We go out a lot more when we’re on holiday by the sea. We often become more active on holidays and people who live on the coast are usually more active too.”可知，当我们在海边度假时，我们外出的次数要多得多。我们经常在假期变得更活跃，住在海边的人通常也更活跃。此处提到在海边对人们的好处，选项C“在海边对我们的身体健康也有好处。”符合语境，故选C。 4.根据“Walking on sand requires more effort than on the pavement.”可知，在沙滩上行走比在人行道上行走更费力气。此处提到在沙滩上行走，选项G“如果你在沙滩上散步，这就好多了。”符合语境，故选G。 5.根据“We look forward so much to having our next one!”可知，我们非常期待我们的下一次，因为度假的经历很棒，所以期待下一次在海边度假。选项E“在海边度假结束时，我们自然会感觉很棒。”符合语境，故选E。 三 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Leading young people to take up physical exercise is really important. ____1____ But a report recently shows that only half of girls who were questioned by researchers enjoy doing sports. ____2____ What are the reasons? Because of their dislike of the clothes they are asked to wear and the lack（缺乏）of facilities（设备）to do their hair afterwards. As more girls than boys fail to take part in physical activities, this is seen as a problem that needs dealing with. Many of the girls questioned said they disliked wearing the skirts that are often part of PE clothes and that the clothes should be more comfortable to wear. The girls wanted to have the chance to say what the PE clothes should look like. They suggested clothing should cover more of their bodies, such as leggings and high-necked shirts. ____3____ Another key problem the girls reported was not having the facilities available to do their hair after they had taken part in exercise. The girls being interviewed wanted private space where they could get changed. They felt schools should supply hairdryers so that they could style their hair. ____4____ They could use this time to do their hair and make sure they looked the same as they did before the class. The researchers argue that since girls worry a great deal about how they look during their teenage years, it is important that schools take these problems seriously. ____5____ Some teachers feel sports should keep youngers’ minds off how they look. It should help them see the value of keeping physically fit, enjoying team spirit and achieving their success and not worrying about what their hair looks like. A. Girls had the following problems with PE classes. B. Even a quarter of them actually avoid taking part. C. However, not everyone agrees with the suggestions. D. They also required 15 minutes at the end of the PE class. E. Surprisingly, most girls don’t agree with this suggestion. F. PE classes are one way of getting young people to do this. G. They also thought the materials used were not good enough. 【答案】1. F 2. B 3. G 4. D 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了女生们不喜欢上体育课的原因以及学生们对此问题提出的相关建议。 1.根据上一句“Leading young people to take up physical exercise is really important.”可知，让年轻人进行体育锻炼是真的很重要。因此此处应是说明如何让年轻人做这件事。选项F“体育课是让年轻人做这件事的一种方法。”符合语境。故选F。 2.根据上一句“But a report recently shows that only half of girls who were questioned by researchers enjoy doing sports.”可知，最近的一份报告显示，在接受问卷调查的女生中，只有一半的女生喜欢做运动。由此可知，此处应是说明女生参加运动的其他情况。选项B“甚至她们中有四分之一实际上还逃避运动。”符合语境。故选B。 3.根据上文“Many of the girls questioned said they disliked wearing the skirts that are often part of PE clothes and that the clothes should be more comfortable to wear.”可知，此处讲女生们不喜欢体育课上所要穿的衣服。选项G“他们还认为所用的材料不够好。”符合语境。故选G。 4.根据下一句“They could use this time to do their hair and make sure they looked the same as they did before the class.”可知，他们可以利用这个时间去整理她们的头发，确保她们看起来和去上体育课前一样。说明此处应是建议要有一个特殊的时间段。选项D“她们也要求体育课结束的时候要有15分钟的休息时间。”符合语境。故选D。 5.根据上一句“The researchers argue that since girls worry a great deal about how they look during their teenage years, it is important that schools take these problems seriously.”可知，有些研究人员认为学校应该认真对待这些问题。结合下一句“Some teachers feel sports should keep youngers’ minds off how they look.”可知，有些老师认为应该让年轻人摒弃和外貌有关的想法。此处应是说明有些人的看法不一致。选项C“然而，并不是每个人都同意这些建议。”符合语境。故选C。 一 (2021江苏省苏州市) 请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It was a very hot day. As I was sitting on the bench, waiting for class to begin, I saw Timothy waving a brown paper bag at Jenna. Happily, the two of them walked away to somewhere. ___1___ They stopped at a quieter area behind the library. “Strange,” I thought. “They must be up to something!” I watched them from behind a large tree and saw Jenna pass some money to Timothy. Timothy then passed the paper bag to Jenna. Both of them were smiling and seemed very happy. ___2___ Timothy must be selling answers to the holiday worksheets to Jenna! It made sense to me as Timothy was an excellent student and Jenna always needed help in her homework. I could not stop myself and jumped out from behind the tree. I cried, “___3___” Timothy and Jenna were surprised. “What is happening?” Jenna asked. After I told them what I had thought, they laughed. I turned out that in the bag was a special comic book bought by Timothy’s brother. ___4___ Once I heard the explanation, I turned red. I wished the ground would swallow（吞下） me then to save me from the shame. I said sorry for my mistake and quickly ran away. ___5___ A. I will never trust them again. B. A thought suddenly came into my mind. C. Out of curiosity, I followed Timothy and Jenna. D. Timothy was only collecting money from Jenna for the comic book. E. I will never jump to conclusions again. F. I saw what the two of you had done. G. Luckily, they invited me to join them. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. F 4. D 5. E 【解析】文章讲述了作者通过跟踪蒂莫西和珍娜，以为他们在做坏事，结果事实却不是作者看到的那样，作者从那件事情中吸取了教训：再也不妄下结论了。 1.根据“Happily, the two of them walked away to somewhere.”以及“They stopped at a quieter area behind the library. “Strange,” I thought. “They must be up to something!” I watched them from behind a large tree”可知，他们换了一个地方，而我还能看到他们在做什么，说明我跟着他们，选项C“出于好奇，我跟着蒂莫西和珍娜。”符合语境，故选C。 2.根据“Timothy must be selling answers to the holiday worksheets to Jenna...I cried”可知，这里是说自己看见他们之间的事情之后的想法，选项B“我突然想到一个主意。”符合语境，故选B。 3.根据“I watched them from behind a large tree and saw Jenna pass some money to Timothy. Timothy then passed the paper bag to Jenna. Both of them were smiling and seemed very happy.”可知，这里应该是作者喊道自己看到的情景，选项F“我看见你们两个做了什么。”符合语境，故选F。 4.根据“I turned out that in the bag was a special comic book bought by Timothy’s brother.”以及“Once I heard the explanation, I turned red.”可知，这里应该是说他们向我解释真实的情况，选项D“蒂莫西只是从珍娜那里收钱买漫画书。”符合语境，故选D。 5.根据“Once I heard the explanation, I turned red. I wished the ground would swallow（吞下） me then to save me from the shame. I said sorry for my mistake and quickly ran away.”可知，这里应该是说经过这件事情之后，自己吸取了教训，选项E“我再也不妄下结论了。”符合语境，故选E。 二 (2021江苏省宿迁市) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers. ____1____ In some cities, the air is filled with pollution. ____2____ If it is not cleaned up, more people will be hurt. ____3____ Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution. ____4____ We should separate rubbish into different groups. In this way, it can be recycled and reused. We had better plant more trees. ____5____ What’s more, we shouldn’t put the waste into lakes or rivers. If we can do these, we will make the world a better place to live in. A. This makes some old people and children ill. B. As well as people, animals are also harmed by pollution. C. We can make our lakes and rivers cleaner and cleaner. D. It’s time for all of us to take action right away! E. Because of this, these places have already been polluted. F. Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean. G. A few of us should take action to protect the environment. 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. F 【解析】本文介绍了环境污染造成的后果以及应对污染的措施。 1.根据上文“Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers.”可知，此处与垃圾倾倒等造成的后果有关；故“正因为如此，这些地方已经被污染了。”符合语境。故选E。 2.根据上下文“In some cities, the air is filled with pollution…If it is not cleaned up, more people will be hurt.”可知，此处介绍城市的空气污染使人们生病；故“这使一些老人和儿童生病。”符合语境。故选A。 3.根据下文“Land and water pollution kills many animals every year.”可知，此处介绍污染对动物造成的影响；故“动物和人一样，也受到污染的伤害。”符合语境。故选B。 4.根据上下文“If we do not act…We should separate rubbish into different groups…”可知，此处介绍我们要采取措施应对污染；故“现在是我们所有人立即采取行动的时候了！”符合语境。故选D。 5.根据上文“We had better plant more trees.”可知，此处介绍树木对减少污染的作用；故“树木减少灰尘，有助于保持空气清洁。”符合语境。故选F。 三 (2021江苏省连云港市) 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。 There are not many nations that can say their national dish has become international. ___1___ Both are famous all over the world, and both have made the history of Italian food. People have been eating pizza, in one form or another, for centuries. They eat it everywhere-at home, in restaurants, or on street corners. ___2___ Long ago, pieces of flatbread, topped with mushrooms and herbs （香料）, were a simple and tasty meal. They were mostly for those who didn’t have enough money to buy plates, or who were on the go. In the 18th century, Naples, in southern Italy, had become one of the largest cities in Europe, and it was growing fast. Lots of city people were poor and they were always rushing around to look for work. ___3___ Pizzas were cut to meet the customers needs. They were inexpensive, used easy-to-find ingredients （原料）, and could be made with plenty of flavor. It was in America that pizza found its second home. ___4___ Soon, pizza spread across the country with the rapid development of the city. It was increasingly considered as a fast food. People might like New York-style thin pizza, or Chicago deep-dish thick pizza. Some want extra cheese on their pizzas while others only like vegetables. ___5___ For a lot of people in western countries, when they cannot decide what to eat, they order pizzas. A. Nobody knows where pizza came from. B. The secret is, almost everyone likes pizzas. C. Italy has two such dishes, spaghetti and pizza. D. A number of people refused to eat pizzas in Italy. E. They needed food that was cheap and easy to eat. F. In 1905, the first pizzeria, Lombardi’s, was opened in New York City. G. The word “pizza” came from the Latin word “pinsa” meaning flatbread. 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. E 4. F 5. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了披萨的历史。 1.根据“Both are famous all over the world, and both have made the history of Italian food.”可知，此处关于意大利的两种食物，选项C“意大利有两道这样的菜，意大利面和披萨。”符合语境。故选C。 2.根据“Long ago, pieces of flatbread, topped with mushrooms and herbs, were a simple and tasty meal.”可知，此处与面包片有关，选项G“ ‘披萨’这个词来自拉丁语‘pinsa’，意思是扁平面包。”符合语境。故选G。 3.根据“Lots of city people were poor and they were always rushing around to look for work.”以及“Pizzas were cut to meet the customers needs.”可知，披萨能够满足城市的穷人的需求，此处应该介绍他们需要什么样的食物，选项E“他们需要便宜易吃的食物。”符合语境。故选E。 4.根据“It was in America that pizza found its second home.”可知，此处与披萨在美国的发展历史有关，选项F“1905年，第一家披萨店伦巴第披萨店在纽约市开业。”符合语境。故选F。 5.根据“People might like New York-style thin pizza, or Chicago deep-dish thick pizza. Some want extra cheese...”可知，不同的人喜欢不同种类的披萨，说明大家都爱披萨，选项B“秘密是，几乎每个人都喜欢披萨。”符合语境。故选B。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业09 阅读理解七选五 阅读七选五文中设五个空，依据挖空位置，可将5个题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题；依据句子在文中的作用，可分为“主旨概括句(涉及文章整体内容)”“语段过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节注释句(反映上下文的逻辑关系)”三个类型。 1.语境线索 1)词汇重现（以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。或者以同义词、近义词甚至反义词等形式出现） 2)指称（用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等，如he, she, they，them） 3)逻辑关系词 ★并列与递进关系： and, or, also, neither…nor…,either…or…,,as well as, the same …as, besides, what is more等。 ★转折让步关系： but, however, yet, on the other hand, while, , instead of, , even though等。 ★因果关系： because, for, since, as, so, so…that, thanks to, as a result, because of等。　 ★顺序关系： afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with 等。 2.根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果空格在段首或为段落标题，通常是段落主题句。 2)如果空格在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word。 3)如果空格是一整个自然段，通常是承上启下的句子。 七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入小题横线上的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year. ____1____ ·Make a detailed（详细的）plan. If your New Year’s plan is to exercise five days each week, a plan like “I’ll exercise on weekdays” would not be clear. A detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break” would be better. ____2____ ·Make it fun If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily. ____3____ If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours, you’ll look forward to studying. ·____4____ Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through. ·Give yourself more chances. You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late. ____5____ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results. A. Make more friends. B. Get a little help from your friends. C. Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting. D. Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals. E. After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan. F. But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer. G. All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan. 二 Everyone needs friends, and if you fail to make friends, ___1___ Maybe you have social faults such as talkativeness(多嘴) and improper behaviour, which drive away your new friends. Whatever your social faults may be, ___2___ A friendly person does his best to make a stranger feel comfortable, wherever he happens to be. Put yourself in the other person’s place and make him feel welcome. ___3___ It makes your new friends feel happy. And it gives them the feeling that they have made an impression(印象) on you because you remember them. If you do not agree with other people on a certain matter, ___4___ or you will lose friends easily. Finally a friendly person thinks of not only himself, but also others. ___5___ A. Smile at someone and you may surely get a smile in return. B. do not argue, but discuss C. you should think if there’s something wrong with your personality(性格). D. Treat different people in different ways. E. Try to remember names. F. People who refuse to consider others have few friends. G. look at them honestly, and try to correct them. 三 When you have a cold, your friends can’t visit you because they don’t want to get a cold. When you are part of a family, if one of you gets a cold, often all of you get it. ____1____. Below are four ways to help stop a cold spreading and to feel better again. ●Wash your hands. Washing your hands is the most important way to stop the spread of colds. Cold germs (病菌) are spread by touch. The germs get onto your hands and from there into your eyes, nose and mouth. Wash your hands carefully using soap and hot water. ___2___, they will be much less likely to get the cold. ●Cover your nose and mouth. There is a saying that “coughs and sneezes spread illness”. ___3___ when coughing and your nose if sneezing. That way, the cold germs won’t get onto your hands and spread to things you touch such as doorknobs, tap handles or cups and plates. ●____4____. Cold germs are spread very easily. You can use a disinfectant (消毒的) cleaner to clean doorknobs, taps, toilet handles. Be sure to use only your own towel, toothbrush and cup. ●Take care of yourself. ____5____. Eat healthy simple foods such as soup or rice. Get enough rest and sleep. Stay in bed, read a book. Do your schoolwork and practice your English! Remember that a common cold only lasts a few days. You will feel better soon. A. Some cold medicines can help stop aches and fever B. Cold germs can be spread by coughing and sneezing C. If all the members of your family wash their hands too D. Always use a piece of soft paper to cover your mouth E. When you wash your hands every half an hour F. Clean your house G. There is no good method of treating the common cold 一 How do people find their inner talent? British author and speaker Sir Kenneth Robinson talked about this at TED. He told the story of Gillian Lynne, a dancer and a choreographer(编舞者)who has worked on famous musicals like Cats and Phantom of the Opera(《歌剧魅影》). ____1____She couldn't think carefully about she's learning and often found herself unable to keep still because she was bored. Her mother was quite worried about her. She took Lynne to a doctor. For 20 minutes, she talked about the problems Lynne was having in school.____2____As they left the room, the doctor turned on the radio. He then said to Lynne's mother, "Just stand and watch her."____3____The doctor then turned to Lynne's mother and said, "Mrs. Lynne, your daughter isn't sick. She's a dancer. Take her to a dance school." So she did.____4____Lynne later went to the Royal Ballet School, one of the world's greatest dance schools, and became a great dancer. After leaving the school, she worked on some of the most successful musicals in history.____5____. Those who never did well in school needn't worry. Find your inner talent like Lyme, you can also succeed. A. The doctor played the music to calm her daughter down. B. Gillian Lynne never did well in school as a child. C. The minute they left the room, Lyme was on her feet, dancing to the music on the radio. D. It is hard to believe that years ago, somebody else would just put her on medication(药物治疗)and tell her to calm down. E. Then, the doctor said to Lynne, "I need to talk to your mother first. Wait here. " F. Lynne just stood here and watched her mother. G. Lynne's new dance school was full of people just like her—people who had to move in order to think. 二 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all love spending time by the sea. Some lucky ones might live on the coast and enjoy the benefits (益处) all around the year. ____1____ Most of us would say we feel healthier by the ocean. In the past, doctors would actually suggest spending time by the sea to their patients. And research has shown that people who live on the coast are more likely to believe their health is good compared to those living in a city. So how do we benefit, exactly? Well, to start with, it’s great for our mental (心理) health. Scientists have discovered that we have something called a blue mind. They have shown that watching, listening to the waves (海浪) or being in the ocean helps our brains slow down. ____2____ This is why people who have trouble sleeping are often told to listen to recordings of the sound of waves hitting the beach to help them relax at bedtime. ____3____ We go out a lot more when we’re on holiday by the sea. We often become more active on holidays and people who live on the coast are usually more active too. ____4____ Walking on sand requires more effort than on the pavement. And the sea air is good for people with breathing problems too. There is less pollution in the air near the ocean and in autumn and winter the air is fresher. This is healthier than the dry air in homes with central heating. It has even been found that the chemicals in sea water may help us have healthy skin. ____5____ We look forward so much to having our next one! A. Breathing the air in the city makes you more active. B. Others usually have to wait for the next vacation. C. Being by the sea is also good for our physical health. D. Kids especially like to have fun by the sea in summer. E. Naturally we often feel so great at the end of a seaside holiday. F. The sound of them can help us relax and feel free from stress. G. And if you take your walks on the beach, this is a lot better. 三 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Leading young people to take up physical exercise is really important. ____1____ But a report recently shows that only half of girls who were questioned by researchers enjoy doing sports. ____2____ What are the reasons? Because of their dislike of the clothes they are asked to wear and the lack（缺乏）of facilities（设备）to do their hair afterwards. As more girls than boys fail to take part in physical activities, this is seen as a problem that needs dealing with. Many of the girls questioned said they disliked wearing the skirts that are often part of PE clothes and that the clothes should be more comfortable to wear. The girls wanted to have the chance to say what the PE clothes should look like. They suggested clothing should cover more of their bodies, such as leggings and high-necked shirts. ____3____ Another key problem the girls reported was not having the facilities available to do their hair after they had taken part in exercise. The girls being interviewed wanted private space where they could get changed. They felt schools should supply hairdryers so that they could style their hair. ____4____ They could use this time to do their hair and make sure they looked the same as they did before the class. The researchers argue that since girls worry a great deal about how they look during their teenage years, it is important that schools take these problems seriously. ____5____ Some teachers feel sports should keep youngers’ minds off how they look. It should help them see the value of keeping physically fit, enjoying team spirit and achieving their success and not worrying about what their hair looks like. A. Girls had the following problems with PE classes. B. Even a quarter of them actually avoid taking part. C. However, not everyone agrees with the suggestions. D. They also required 15 minutes at the end of the PE class. E. Surprisingly, most girls don’t agree with this suggestion. F. PE classes are one way of getting young people to do this. G. They also thought the materials used were not good enough. 一 (2021江苏省苏州市) 请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It was a very hot day. As I was sitting on the bench, waiting for class to begin, I saw Timothy waving a brown paper bag at Jenna. Happily, the two of them walked away to somewhere. ___1___ They stopped at a quieter area behind the library. “Strange,” I thought. “They must be up to something!” I watched them from behind a large tree and saw Jenna pass some money to Timothy. Timothy then passed the paper bag to Jenna. Both of them were smiling and seemed very happy. ___2___ Timothy must be selling answers to the holiday worksheets to Jenna! It made sense to me as Timothy was an excellent student and Jenna always needed help in her homework. I could not stop myself and jumped out from behind the tree. I cried, “___3___” Timothy and Jenna were surprised. “What is happening?” Jenna asked. After I told them what I had thought, they laughed. I turned out that in the bag was a special comic book bought by Timothy’s brother. ___4___ Once I heard the explanation, I turned red. I wished the ground would swallow（吞下） me then to save me from the shame. I said sorry for my mistake and quickly ran away. ___5___ A. I will never trust them again. B. A thought suddenly came into my mind. C. Out of curiosity, I followed Timothy and Jenna. D. Timothy was only collecting money from Jenna for the comic book. E. I will never jump to conclusions again. F. I saw what the two of you had done. G. Luckily, they invited me to join them. 二 (2021江苏省宿迁市) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers. ____1____ In some cities, the air is filled with pollution. ____2____ If it is not cleaned up, more people will be hurt. ____3____ Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution. ____4____ We should separate rubbish into different groups. In this way, it can be recycled and reused. We had better plant more trees. ____5____ What’s more, we shouldn’t put the waste into lakes or rivers. If we can do these, we will make the world a better place to live in. A. This makes some old people and children ill. B. As well as people, animals are also harmed by pollution. C. We can make our lakes and rivers cleaner and cleaner. D. It’s time for all of us to take action right away! E. Because of this, these places have already been polluted. F. Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean. G. A few of us should take action to protect the environment. 三 (2021江苏省连云港市) 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。 There are not many nations that can say their national dish has become international. ___1___ Both are famous all over the world, and both have made the history of Italian food. People have been eating pizza, in one form or another, for centuries. They eat it everywhere-at home, in restaurants, or on street corners. ___2___ Long ago, pieces of flatbread, topped with mushrooms and herbs （香料）, were a simple and tasty meal. They were mostly for those who didn’t have enough money to buy plates, or who were on the go. In the 18th century, Naples, in southern Italy, had become one of the largest cities in Europe, and it was growing fast. Lots of city people were poor and they were always rushing around to look for work. ___3___ Pizzas were cut to meet the customers needs. They were inexpensive, used easy-to-find ingredients （原料）, and could be made with plenty of flavor. It was in America that pizza found its second home. ___4___ Soon, pizza spread across the country with the rapid development of the city. It was increasingly considered as a fast food. People might like New York-style thin pizza, or Chicago deep-dish thick pizza. Some want extra cheese on their pizzas while others only like vegetables. ___5___ For a lot of people in western countries, when they cannot decide what to eat, they order pizzas. A. Nobody knows where pizza came from. B. The secret is, almost everyone likes pizzas. C. Italy has two such dishes, spaghetti and pizza. D. A number of people refused to eat pizzas in Italy. E. They needed food that was cheap and easy to eat. F. In 1905, the first pizzeria, Lombardi’s, was opened in New York City. G. The word “pizza” came from the Latin word “pinsa” meaning flatbread. ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$