专题02 选择性必修第三册Unit3&Unit4复习-【暑假自学课】2024年高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题02 选择性必修第三册Unit3&Unit4复习 目录 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1、第三和第四单元的重要单词讲解（单词词义、词性变形、用法搭配、例句展示和题目运用） 2、第三和第四单元的短语汇总（多半考察短语中的介词搭配） 3、第三和第四单元的基础运用（词汇适当形式填空、单句语法填空、选词填空、课文内容填空） 高考考点聚焦 常考考点 真题举例 表语从句 2021年全国I卷 2023年新高考I卷 同位语从句 2023年北京卷 2022年浙江卷 一、第三单元的重要单词讲解 【单词讲解1】convince vt. 使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 【变形】adj.（物） convincing 令人信服的，有说服力的 adj.（人）convinced 确信的，坚信的 【用法】 说服某人做某事convince sb. to do sth. 使某人信服某事convince sb. of sth/ that… 令人信服的证据convincing evidence 确信某事sb. be convinced of sth/ that… 【例句】I convicted him of the story I told him yesterday. 我使得他相信了这个昨天我告诉他的故事。 【题目应用】 （1）I've been trying to convince him ___________(see) a doctor.我一直劝他去看病 【答案】to see （2）You'll need to convince them ________your enthusiasm for the job.你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。 【答案】of （3）There is__________ (convince) evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。 【答案】convincing 【单词讲解2】load vt. & vi. 装上，装入 n. 负载；承载量；大量 【用法】 装载有be loaded with 使某人放心take a load off sb’s mind 【辨析】 上传upload 下载download 卸下unload 【例句】The plane took off with a full load.飞机满载起飞。 In the first pass all the addresses are loaded into the database.第一步，所有地址均输入数据库。 【题目应用】 （1）She loaded the camera _________film.她在照相机里装了胶卷。 【答案】with （2）These backpacks are designed to carry a heavy________.这些背包是为携带重物设计的。 【答案】load 【单词讲解3】dismiss vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 【变形】n. dismissal 开除，解雇；不予考虑，摒弃；驳回 【用法】 下课dismiss the class 解雇一个雇员dismiss an employee 【例句】He dismissed her from his mind.他挥去了对她的思念。 At 12 o'clock the class was dismissed.12点下课了。 【题目应用】 （1）__________(dismiss) her fears, she climbed higher.她排除了恐惧，爬得更高了。 【答案】Dismissing He was threatened with ___________if he continued to turn up late for work.他受到警告，如果继续上班迟到，就被辞退。 【答案】dismissal 【单词讲解4】acknowledge v.承认、感谢 【变形】n. acknowledgement 承认；感谢 【用法】 承认事实acknowledge the fact 被认可为……be acknowledged as/to be …….. 【例句】He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。 I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.我没有承认他犯了什么错。 【题目应用】 （1）I gratefully a___________ financial support from several local businesses.我对本地几家企业的资助表示感谢。 【答案】acknowledge （2）He is also acknowledged ___________an excellent goalkeeper他也被公认为是一名出色的守门员。 【答案】as 【单词讲解5】regardless adv. 不顾，不加理会 【用法】不管不顾regardless of 【例句】Everyone has the right to good medical care regardless of their ability to pay. 无论支付能力如何，每个人都有权得到良好的医疗。 The club welcomes all new members regardless of age.俱乐部对所有新成员不分年龄一律欢迎。 【题目应用】 （1）All applicants will be considered regardless _________age, sex, religion or nationality.所有申请者，不论其年龄、性别、宗教信仰及国籍，都可考虑。 【答案】of （2）人不分贵贱。 _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】All should be treated equally regardless of social status. 【单词讲解6】allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把…计算在内 【用法】 考虑到潜在的危险allow for potential danger 考虑到/体谅 make allowances for 【例句】You have to allow for a certain amount of error...你必须将一定量的误差考虑在内。 When arranging our work, we should allow for unforeseen circumstances.我们安排工作时要留有余地。 【题目运用】 （1）We will need to allow__________ the travel time in the schedule.我们必须考虑到行程表中的旅游时间。 【答案】for （2）It is better to___________ shrinkage when buying cotton clothes.买棉衣时最好要考虑到它们的缩水率。 【答案】allow for 【单词讲解7】available adj. 可获得的，可找到的；有空的 【变形】n. availability 可获得性 【用法】 使某人能够得到某物 make sth available to sb. 可用于……be available for 【例句】We are doing our best with the limited resources available.我们利用可获得的有限资源，尽最大的努力。 There are various treatments available for this condition.对这种病情有各种疗法。 【题目应用】 （1）Mr Leach is on holiday and was not __________for comment.利奇先生休假了，不方便作出评论。 【答案】available （2）I want to make these books available _________the children in poor areas. 【答案】to 【单词讲解8】adopt vt. 采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi. 领养，收养 【变形】n. adoption 采用，领养 【辨析】 adopt采用；领养 adapt改编；适应 n. adaptation adjust调节；适应 n. adjustment 【用法】 收养孩子/孤儿 adopt a child/ orphan 采纳措施adopt measures 【例句】All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。 A social worker is appointed to interview the prospective adopters. 一名社工被任命对有意收养者进行面试。 【题目应用】 （1）She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and ___________children.她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。 【答案】adopted （2）The company has ___________a firm policy on shoplifting.那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。 【答案】adopted 【单词讲解9】freeze vi. & vt. (froze, frozen) 突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵 【变形】adj. freezing极冷的 adj. frozen 冰冻的 【用法】 冻僵 freeze with cold 吓呆/惊呆 freeze with horror/ surprise 笑容在脸上僵住了 the smile freeze on one’s face 被吓呆在原地 be frozen to the spot 【例句】The road is frozen in winter. 冬天的路是冻住的。 The girl was frozen to the spot when she saw the horror film. 当女孩看了这部恐怖的电影她被吓呆在原地。 【题目应用】 （1）It's so cold that even the river has___________.天气冷得河都封冻了。 【答案】frozen （2）Two men _______________________on the mountain.两个男子在山上冻死了。 【答案】were frozen to death 【单词讲解10】drag vt. (dragged-dragging)拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动 【用法】 拖着脚走drag one’s feet/ heels   在某事上迟迟不作决定drag one’s feet over sth  【例句】They dragged her from her bed.他们把她从床上拽了起来。 I managed to drag myself out of bed.我总算硬撑着从床上爬了起来。 He got up and dragged his chair towards the table.他站起来把他的椅子拖向桌子。 【题目应用】 （1）The vigilantes _____________the men out of the vehicles...治安人员硬把那些人拉下车。 【答案】dragged （2）He was ______________his coat in the mud.他的外套拖在泥里。 【答案】dragging 【单词讲解11】hatch vt. 密谋，策划；使孵出 vi. 孵化 【用法】 制定一个计划 hatch a plan 策划阴谋hatch a plot 【例句】 【单词讲解12】plot n. 阴谋；故事情节 vi. & vt. 密谋 【用法】暗中策划做某事plot to do sth 【例句】The female must find a warm place to hatch her eggs.母鸡必须找个温暖的地方孵蛋。 Have you been hatching up a deal with her?你是不是在和她密谋什么交易？ 【题目应用】 （1）Ten chicks__________ this morning.今早有十只小鸡出壳了 【答案】hatched （2）A plot ________________with secrecy.一个阴谋在暗中策划着。 【答案】was hatched 二、第三单元的短语汇总 1. set sail from 起航 2. have a far-reaching impact on 对……产生深远影响 3. expose…to… 使……接触到 4. as is the case with ……便是如此 5. inspire sb. to do 激励……做…… 6. receive financial support 获得经济资助 7. depart from 从……出发 8. a shortage of food 食物短缺 9. be in panic 陷入恐慌 10. a glorious era in Chinese history 中国历史上的繁荣时期 11. take charge of the task 接下了这个任务 12. establish relations with 与……建立关系 13. be accompanied by 由……陪同 14. be buried in 被埋葬在 15. facilitate access to 便于……接触到…… 16. carry on with 继续从事 17. in the form of 以……形式 18. rather than 而不是 19. with the rise of 随着……的崛起 20. seek to 寻求，试图做…… 21. with vivid descriptions 有着生动的描述 22. an approach to doing 做…的方法 23. come to oneself 苏醒，镇静下来 24. launch a surprise attack on 发起对……的突袭 25. declare war on 对……宣战 26. survive the attack 在袭击中幸存 27. deliver a speech 发表演讲 28. show respect to 对……致意 29. pray for world peace 祈祷世界和平 30. promote economic growth 促进经济增长 31. expand world trade 拓展世界贸易 32. urban working class城市工人阶级 三、第三单元的基础运用 1）单词填空 1.Shortly after the train ________ (离开), the conductor comes to collect tickets. 2.The new technology, if applied to rice growing, will help increase the grain ________ (产量). 3.There is no convincing ________ (证据) that children with good education can surely have career prospects. 4.This can be as simple as leaving a book open instead of putting it back on the ________ (架子). 5.I worried, remembering those moments decades ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would ________ (冻僵). 6.She volunteered to attend to the worst injured soldier because there was a serious ________ (短缺) of nurses. 7.Work should be done to ________ (促进) employment among key groups, including college graduates and rural migrant workers who have had difficulty finding jobs. 8.But whatever therapy we choose to ________ (采用), it seems any change to our lifestyle can help improve our body and mind. 9.The ________ (改革) of the family planning policy allows a family to have the third child 10.It's said that the Titanic ________ (沉没) to the bottom of the sea. 11.As is often the case, any economic ________(改革) faces twists and turns. 12.In order to maximize profit, the firm would seek to maximize ________(产量). 13.She has published more than 20 books including novels, poetry and _________(文学的) criticism. 14.At the age of five he showed _________(杰出的) talent as a musician. 15.The designs were created to better stand earthquakes which happened _________(强烈地). 16.Her voice ________(sink), so he moved closer to catch what she was saying. 【答案】 1-5 departed output proof shelf freeze 6-10 shortage facilitate adopt reform sank 11-16 reform output literary exceptional violently sank 2）单句填空 (1) The language experts I spoke with say you shouldn't allow the promises of a course or an app __________ (convince) you that learning a language is easy. (2) Be careful! There is a truck __________ (load) with supplies running downhill. (3) To save time, the group leader asked another three workers to _________(load) the goods off the truck． (4) A new approach to the traffic problem __________ (adopt)at the meeting the other day. (5) We are pleased to see the suggestion __________ (adopt) in many schools to help free students from the heavy schoolwork． (6) After five-hour delay, passengers were finally informed to __________ (aboard) the plane   (7) Today we canoed around the lake __________ had a very short swim. It was __________ (freeze). The weather has been sunny, but not like the weather at home. (8) We saw the figure of a large Canada goose, very still, its wings folded（合拢）tightly to its sides, its feet __________ (freeze) to the ice. (9) I __________ (drag) into the principal’s office the next day, sad and disappointed. (10) Henry couldn’t believe his ears, f__________ to the spot. 【答案】 to convince loaded unload was adopted adopted board and; freezing frozen dragged frozen 3）选词填空 on behalf of regardless of allow for sort out on the contrary a load of dive into in panic be packed with in chaos (1) A peasant then came along carrying ____________________ vegetables. (2) Now, ____________________ the people in need, I should say thanks to Willard, you are great (3) I felt they would not affect my appearance. ____________________, they would make me more attractive. (4) Wu reportedly said testing had begun on the satellite years ago and the technology had now evolved enough to _____________________ a launch in 2020. (5) People were hugging each other, anxiously trying to reach their loved ones or weeping ____________________. (6) With appreciation, you will find that over time, you will change your outlook and choose to be happy, ____________________ the events around you. (7) Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully __________ them __________, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. 【答案】a load of on behalf of On the contrary allow for in panic regardless of sorted; out 一、第四单元的重要单词讲解 【单词讲解1】awe vt. 使惊叹，使敬畏 n. 敬畏，惊叹 【变形1】awesome adj. 令人惊叹的 使人惊惧的；很好的 【变形2】awful adj. 可怕的 糟糕的 很坏的 【用法】 敬畏地，惊叹地in awe 对……惊叹不已be awed by… 【例句】While Diana was in awe of her grandfather, she adored her grandmother. 黛安娜敬畏她的祖父，但敬佩她的祖母。 She gazed in awe at the great stones...她惊叹地盯着那些巨石。 【题目应用】 （！）Caroline hardly dared talk in Alex's presence, she was so _______________him.卡罗琳在亚历克斯面前几乎不敢说话，她对他很是敬畏。 【答案】in awe of （2）It's magnificent,’ she whispered______________.“真是壮观。”她小声地惊叹道。 【答案】in awe 【单词讲解2】preserve vt. 维护，保护，保存；维持 【变形】preservation n. 保存，保留 preserved adj. 保藏的；腌制的；喝醉的 【用法】 保护……免遭preserve…from 被保存/保养得很好be well preserved 【例句】Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.维护和平的努力失败了。 The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。 【题目应用】 （1）Protective measures are necessary if the city's monuments are_____________.要保存城市古迹必须采取一些维护性措施。 【答案】to be preserved （2）People should preserve children ___________being hurt.人们应保护儿童免于受害。 【答案】from 【单词讲解3】urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 【变形】urge v. 敦促；主张 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望 urgency n. 紧急；急迫 【用法】 迫切需要……in urgent need of… 敦促某人做某事urge sb. to do sth. 某人竭力主张……做某事sb. urged that… (should) do sth. 有做某事的冲的have an / the urge to do sth. 紧急地with urgency 【例句】The attack added a new urgency to the peace talks.这次攻击事件使和平谈判愈加紧迫。 There is an urgent need for food and water...现在亟需食物和水。 【题目应用】 （1）She was called away from the meeting to take an________ phone call.她被叫出会场去接一个紧急电话。 【答案】urgent （2）It is urgent that food and clothing _________（send）to the famine victims.急需将食物和衣服送给饥民。 【答案】be sent/should be sent 【单词讲解4】incredible adj. 极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的 【变形】credible adj. 可信的；有可能成功的 credit n. 信誉，信用；赞扬，认可；学分 【用法】 信用卡credit card 可信的成绩a credible performance 【例句】It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already. 真让人难以置信，她已经在那里待了一个星期了。 The wildflowers will be incredible after this rain...这场雨过后,野花会变得美不胜收。 【题目应用】 （1）It seemed__________ that people would still want to play football during a war在战时人们仍然想踢足球，这似乎不可思议。 【答案】incredible （2）Mr Robertson would be a ____________candidate罗伯逊先生将是可能当选的候选人之一。 【答案】credible 【单词讲解5】ecology n. 生态，生态学 【变形】 ecological adj. 生态的；生态学的 ecologist n. 生态学家；生态保护者 ecosystem n. 生态系统 【用法】 脆弱的自然生态系统fragile natural ecosystem 破坏生态平衡upset the ecological balance 从生态学角度来看from an ecological point of view 【例句】Oil pollution could damage the fragile ecology of the coral reefs. 石油污染可能破坏珊瑚礁脆弱的生态环境。 【题目应用】 （1）He warned of the serious threat to global _______which is going unheeded.他警告说，全球生态正面临着严重的威胁，而这种威胁并没有得到重视。 【答案】ecology （2）He wants to be an__________ in the future.他将来想成为一名生态学家。 【答案】ecologist 【单词讲解6】consultation n. 咨询，商讨；就诊 【变形】consult v. 查阅；商量；请教 consultant n. 顾问；咨询者；会诊医生 【用法】 与某人商量某事consult with sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事consult sb. about sth. 【例句】A personal diet plan is devised after a consultation with a nutritionist. 咨询营养学家后，制订了个人饮食方案。 Have you consulted your lawyer about this? 你就此事咨询过你的律师吗？ 【题目应用】 （1）There have been extensive ________________between the two countries.两国之间进行了广泛磋商。 【答案】consultations （2）I need to consult ________my colleagues ________the proposals.我需要和我的同事商讨这些建议。 【答案】with; on 【单词讲解7】division n. 分歧；分开，分隔 【变形】divide v. 使分开；使分离；使产生分歧 divided adj. 分裂的 【用法】 A和B之间在某方面的分歧division in / within sth. between A and B 被分成……be divided into… 【例句】There are deep divisions in the party over the war.党内对于这场战争存在着严重的分歧。 The current division of labor between workers and management will alter. 当前工人与管理部门的分工将会改变。 【题目应用】 （1）I _____________the cake into six. 我把蛋糕分成了6份。 【答案】divided （2）The __________between you and Jack couldn’t be removed. 你和Jack之间的分歧不能被消除。 【答案】division 【单词讲解8】cooperation n. 合作，协作；协助，配合 【变形】 cooperate v. 合作；协力 cooperative adj. 合作的； n. 合作社 【用法】 与某人合作做某事 in cooperation with sb. in doing sth. 技术合作technical cooperation 与……合作cooperate with… 【例句】The cooperation between these two countries are very smooth.他们两个国家之间的合作非常顺利。 【题目应用】 （1）Her arrest was a triumph of international______________.她的被捕是国际合作的成果。 【答案】cooperation （2）The film was produced_______________ them.这部影片是和他们合作制作的。 【答案】in cooperation with 【单词讲解9】conservation n. 保护；保持 【变形】conserve v. 保存；使守恒 conservative adj. 守旧的；保守的；保守者 【用法】保护能源/野生动物 conserve energy / wild animals 【例句】We need to conserve our energy when we swim for a while.我们游泳游了一会儿后需要保存体力。 【题目应用】 （1）The c _______________of wild animals is very significant.保护野生动物是很重要的。 【答案】conservation （2）He is such a_________ person that we can’t persuade him.他是如此守旧的人以至于我们劝服不了他。 【答案】conservative 【单词讲解10】migration n. 迁徙，迁移，移居 【变形】migrate v. 迁徙，移动 migrant n. 迁移者，移民；候鸟 【辨析】 immigrate v. 移入 immigration n. 移居入境 immigrant n. 外来移民 emigrate v. 移居国外 emigration n. 移民出境 emigrant n. 移居国外的人 【例句】Selectivity of human migration long been the focus of demographers and economists. 人口迁移的选择性一直以来都是人口学家和经济学家关注的焦点 The scale of migration took a quantum leap in the early 1970s. 20世纪70年代初，移民的规模骤然扩大。 【题目应用】 （1）My grandparents __________to Canada to try their luck there.我的祖父母移民到加拿大去碰碰运气。 【答案】emigrated （2）He ____________from Ulster in 1848他1848年从阿尔斯特移民到这里。 【答案】immigrated 【单词讲解11】reserve n. 自然保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留 【变形】reservation n. 预约；保留 【用法】 自然保护区a nature reserve 给……预订某物/保留某物reserve sth. for… 进行预订make a reservation 【例句】I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。 【题目应用】 （！）These seats _____________(reserve) for special guests.这些座位是留给贵宾的。 【答案】are reserved （2）The ___________covers an area of some 1 140 square kilometres.保护区占地面积大约1140平方公里。 【答案】reserve 【单词讲解12】submit vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服 【变形】submission n. 投降；提交；服从 【用法】 听从……，遵从……，遵守……submit to... 提交，呈递（文件、建议等）submit sth. to sb. /sth. 顺从；屈服；投降submit oneself to sb. / sth. =give in to sb. / sth. 【例句】The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval.该计划将送交委员会正式批准。 She refused to submit to threats.她面对威胁，拒不低头。 【题目应用】 （1）You must s____________ your claim within a reasonable time.你必须在适当的时间内提出要求。 【答案】submit （2）Applications should___________（submit） as early as possible申请表应尽早提交。 【答案】be submitted 【单词讲解13】assign vt. 指定，指派；分配；确定 【变形】assignment n. 分配；任务；作业；功课 assigned adj. 指定的；已分配的 【用法】 分配某物给某人assign sb. sth / assign sth. to sb 指定；指派assign sb. to sth. / as sth. 阅读作业reading assignments 【例句】The two large classrooms have been assigned to us.这两间大教室分配给了我们。 The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.老师给每个儿童都布置了不同的作业。 【题目应用】 （1）British forces have been assigned _________（help）with peacekeeping.英国军队被派遣协助维持和平。 【答案】to help （2）When I taught, I would assign a topic _________children which they would write about我教课时会给孩子们布置一个题目，让他们就这个题目写点东西。 【答案】to 【单词讲解14】expansion n. 扩展，扩大，膨胀 【变形】expand v. 扩大；增加 expansive adj. 广阔的；扩张的 【用法】 进一步的扩张further expansion 增加词汇expand vocabulary 详细阐述……expand on… 【辨析】 expansion: （尺寸、数字或数量等）扩大，增加（活动量），扩大（活动范围）。 extension: 延伸，延长（建筑或道路、时间等）；扩大（控制、影响力等）；伸展（手臂、等）。 【例句】Despite the recession the company is confident of further expansion. 尽管经济衰退，公司对进一步扩展仍充满信心。 We've expanded the business by opening two more stores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。 【题目应用】 （1）The book is an_________ of a series of lectures given last year.本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。 【答案】expansion （2）The president used today's speech to expand________remarks he made last month.总统利用今天的演讲更充分地阐述了他上个月所讲的话。 【答案】on 【单词讲解15】ban vt. 明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事n. 禁令 【用法】 禁止某人做某事ban sb. from doing sth. 一个对某物的禁令a ban on sth. 解禁；取消禁令lift the ban 【例句】He was banned from the meeting.他被取消了出席会议的资格。 The General also lifted a ban on political parties.将军同时取消了对政党的禁令。 【题目应用】 （1）He was banned _________driving for six months.他被禁止驾驶六个月。 【答案】from （2）There is to be a total ban __________smoking in the office.办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。 【答案】on 二、第四单元的短语汇总 1. cultural and natural heritage sites文化和天然的遗产遗址 2. be awed by natural wonders为自然奇观所惊叹 3. be fascinated by human civilization 被人类文明深深吸引 4. cause a great deal of damage to...造成对……的严重损害 5. give rise to a series of problems 导致一系列的问题 6. boost tourism and fishing推动旅游业和渔业 7. at the top of the agenda首要议程；当务之急 8. for the benefit of...为……的利益 9. share a joint responsibility 分担共同的责任 10. participate in any way you can 以任何你力所能及的方式参与进来 11. (be) assigned by... (as...) 被……指派（作为……） 12. strengthen the relationships between the major powers of the time巩固了当时主要强国之间的关系 13. at the initial stage of... 在……的初始阶段 14. contribute to a great age of expansion促进了伟大的扩张时代 15. access to new goods, knowledge and ideas获取到新商品、新知识和新观念的途径 16. achieve a shared development实现共同发展 17. the Belt and Road Initiative 一带一路倡议 18. promote the exchanges of different civilizations推动不同文明的交流 三、第四单元的基础运用 There are _1_______ (curent) around 1,100 heritage sites in more than 160 countries worldwide. Unfortunately, they face various dangers and many of them are in _2_______ (urge) need of protection. Two main factors contribute to the risk of heritage sites. The long-term natural forces, like wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites _3_______ natural disasters can lead to the destruction of them. Another big danger is human activities. Wars can cause damage _4________ both natural and cultural heritage sites. Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems, one of _5_______ is the flood of tourists. Human population growth _6________ (increase) the demand for production and consumption of goods, _7_______ (put) heritage sites in danger. Many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever. Such dangers can have disastrous _8_________ (outcome) not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. Therefore, heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of human beings. The more we acknowledge the outstanding value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat 9________ (they) with respect. We all share a joint responsibility _10_______ (protect) and preserve them, not just for ourselves, but for future generations. 【答案】 1. currently 2. urgent 3. while 4. to 5. which 6. increases 7. putting 8. outcome 9. them 10. to protect The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. _1____ key section of the Silk Road network is the Changan-Tianshan Corridor stretching through ChinaKazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian travelled from Chang’an to Central Asia. Following Zhang Qian's efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships _2_____________ (strengthen) between the major powers of the time, with the routes network _3________ (reach) as far as the Roman Empire. Silk was not the only item _4_________ (transport) along the road. China and tea were also exported from China, while horses, wool, cotton and grapes were imported from the West. Apart from trade exchange, the network served _5_______ a bridge for cultural exchange, _6________ shaped the evolution of science，arttechnology and other areas in societies along the network _7________ (gradual),for example, the _8_________ (introduce) of astronomy and mathematics from India and Arabia and the spread of papermaking and printing to the West. The Silk Road connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a _9_______ (share) development, In the modern age, through the Belt and Road Initiative, the Silk Road is once again promoting the exchanges of different _10_____________ (civilization). 【答案】 1. A 2. were strengthened 3. reaching 4. to be transported 5. as 6. which 7. gradually 8. introduction 9. shared 10. civilizations In the summer of 1405,Zheng Heone of China’s greatest explorers, set out on his _1____ (one) voyage.From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He represented the Ming Dynasty and made seven voyages. His fleet,_2_______ (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers,visited more than 30 countries and regions. Zheng He's seven voyages had _3________ far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours. His efforts contributed to the development and _4___________ (strengthen) harmonious relations with the countries and regions where he set foot, _5_________(expose) foreigners to Chinese culture, and giving Chinese people a better _6________(understand) of overseas lands. Zheng He’s achievements are now widely acknowledged and he is considered _7________ (be) one of China's most influential explorers. Columbus insisted _8______ finding a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. Despite all the challenges, Columbus succeeded in keeping everyone out of danger with his knowledge and courage. Finally, the crew spotted land in the _9_______ (distant). His voyages marked the beginning of the Age of Exploration _10_________ witnessed many important geographical discoveries. The period also promoted an international exchange of ideas and cultures. 【答案】 1. first 2. loaded 3. a 4. strengthened 5. exposing 6. understanding 7. to be 8. on/upon 9. distance 10. that/which It was Sunday, December 7，1941.It looked like it was going to be a normal day _1_____ board. Just then there was a huge crashing sound from above.The ship shook _2_______ (violent) and the crew looked at each other in horror. Moments later, a bomb _3________ (hit) the USS Arizona. The surprise attack came as _4____ great shock to the whole nation. The next day, President Roosevelt made his famous Pearl Harbor Speech, _5_______ (ask)the US Congress to declare war on Japan. In response to the attack and the president's address, the US joined World War Ⅱ. Today,the USS Arizona lies _6_______ it sank: in the middle of the Pacific Ocean._7_______ (it) location is marked with a memorial shaped like a bridge, which crosses the ship's _8______ (sink) remains. Nearly 80 years has passed _9_______ the attack on Pearl Harbor,one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never _10____________ (forget). 【答案】 1. on 2. violently 3. hit 4. a 5. asking 6. where 7. Its 8. sunken 9. but 10. be forgotten 真题感知 1.（江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dressed in long robes， a crowd of young people wanders around pavilions(凉亭)and royalgardens．Their flowing sleeves and heavily embroidered(绣花的)skirts ____36____(gentle)sway(摇曳)in the breeze.They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set，____37____ Hanfu enthusiasts in a themed event. Benefiting from the growing ____38____ (popular) of social media and a craze for traditionalculture,Hanfu,____39____traditional style of clothing worn by the Han people, was brought back tothe forefront by a new wave of Chinese youth. A community called “Hua Yan Hui” was founded by Liu Xiang in 2011 following a movement ____40____ emerged from the desire____41____ (express) national identity and growing cultural confidence.Yang Kunning, born in the 1990s, opened an account on the video-sharing platform Bilibili andposted videos ____42____(feature) herself wearing Hanfu.Thousands of comments and likes pour in onher channel as viewers find her videos ____43____(attract) and creative-mixing traditional culture____44____modern dance movements. The Hanfu market in China _____45_____ (estimate) to reach 12.54 billion yuan in 2022 and willlikely rise to 19.11 billion yuan in 2025, according to research firm iMedia Research. 【答案】 36. gently 37. but 38. popularity 39. a 40. which##that 41. to express 42. featuring 43. attractive 44. with 45. was estimated 【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一种汉族的传统服装，被新一波中国年轻人重新带到了时尚前端。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：她们飘逸的袖子和绣花裙在微风中轻轻摇曳。副词gently修饰动词。故填gently。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们不是电影场景中的男女演员，而是主题活动中的汉服爱好者。not...but“不是……而是”为固定短语。故填but。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：得益于社交媒体的日益普及和对传统文化的狂热，汉服，一种汉族的传统服装，被新一波中国年轻人重新带到了时尚的前端。作宾语用名词popularity。 故填popularity。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：得益于社交媒体的日益普及和对传统文化的狂热，汉服，一种汉族的传统服装，被新一波中国年轻人重新带到了时尚的前端。Style为可数名词，表示一种汉族的传统服装，traditional首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2011年，刘翔发起了一场表达民族认同和文化自信的运动，成立了一个名为“华颜会”的社区。a movement为先行词，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。 故填which/that。 【41题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：2011年，刘翔发起了一场表达民族认同和文化自信的运动，成立了一个名为“华颜会”的社区。动词不定式作后置定语。故填to express。 【42题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：90后杨坤宁在视频分享平台哔哩哔哩上开了一个账号，并上传了自己穿着汉服的视频。videos与feature为主动关系，所用现在分词作定语。 故填featuring。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：成千上万的评论和点赞涌入了她的频道，观众们发现她的视频很有吸引力，而且很有创意，将传统文化与现代舞蹈动作融合在一起。形容词attractive作宾语补足语。故填attractive。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：成千上万的评论和点赞涌入了她的频道，观众们发现她的视频很有吸引力，而且很有创意，将传统文化与现代舞蹈动作融合在一起。表示“和”，用介词with。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：据研究公司艾媒咨询估计，到2022年，中国汉服市场规模将达到125.4亿元人民币，到2025年可能会增至191.1亿元人民币。根据“in 2022”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语与谓语为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态。故填was estimated。 请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母或中文的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致。 46. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely________(精神振作的).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】refreshed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神。根据汉语意思“精神振作的”可知，应用形容词refreshed作宾语补足语，故填refreshed。 47. UNESCO put together an international team of ________(建筑师)，engineers and heavyequipment operators to save the temples. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】architects 【解析】考查名词。句意：联合国教科文组织组建了一支由建筑师、工程师和重型设备操作员组成的国际团队来拯救这些寺庙。of 后接名词作宾语，建筑师为architect，表示建筑师们用其复数。故填architects。 48. Always regarded as a man of________(诚实正直)and honesty, the politician has won respectfrom the people nationwide. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】integrity 【解析】考查名词。句意：这位政治家一向被认为是正直诚实的人，赢得了全国人民的尊敬。of后接名词integrity作宾语，为不可数名词。故填integrity。 49. Though discouraged，I managed to force a weak smile,________(假装)to appreciate the results.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】pretending 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：尽管很沮丧，我还是勉强挤出一丝微笑，假装很欣赏这一结果。“假装”为pretend，与主语I在逻辑上为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填pretending。 50. A business person________(谈判)with a large enterprise about a deal should use formallanguage in a straightforward manner. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】negotiating 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个商务人士与一家大企业就一笔交易进行谈判时，应该以直截了当的方式使用正式语言。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。名词A business person与negotiate之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填negotiating。 51. He voted for the change and expected his colleagues to do l________（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】likewise##ikewise 【解析】考查副词。句意：他投票支持这项改革，并期望他的同事们也这样做。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“同样地”为副词likewise作状语，修饰动词do，故填likewise。 52. Production at the factory was i________for two hours because of power failure. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】interrupted##nterrupted 【解析】考查动词。句意：由于停电，工厂的生产中断了两个小时。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“中断”为动词interrupt，且主语Production和动词interrupt是被动关系，应用过去分词形式和was构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填interrupted。 53. To apply for UNESCO World Heritage status, the three countries jointly s________ a proposal containing detailed research. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】submitted##ubmitted 【解析】考查动词。句意：为了申请联合国教科文组织世界遗产，三国共同提交了包含详细研究的提案。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词submit，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填submitted。 54. The thief burst into tears, begging the owner for f________ and swearing to pay back everything he had stolen. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】forgiveness##orgiveness 【解析】考查名词。句意：小偷放声大哭，乞求主人的原谅，并发誓要偿还他所偷的一切。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“原谅”为名词forgiveness作宾语，为不可数名词，故填forgiveness。 55. Declaring that he was o________ to cloning humans, he ordered funds not be used for suchan experiment. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】opposed##pposed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他宣布反对克隆人类，并下令不得将资金用于此类实验。根据句意和首字母可知空处填形容词opposed作表语，构成：be opposed to“反对”。故填opposed。 2.（江苏省常熟中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During this year’s Spring Festival holiday, the county of Tangyin in Henan province welcomed an increased number of tourists, many of ____36____came to pay respects to Yue Fei, a Song Dynasty national hero. The tourist surge was attributed to the success of Full River Red, a domestic film released during the holiday. By Jan 27, the last day of the holiday, the film____37____(generate) a huge total box office income of about 2.6 billion yuan, ranking first in the holiday box office chart. The historical drama, eponymous (同名的) with a well-known lyrical poem by Yue Fei, was directed by famous Chinese director Zhang Yimou.____38____(it) plot centers around a series of events surrounding Yue’s death. Many viewers were moved to tears by the ending of the movie,____39____(feature) thousands of soldiers reciting the lyrical poem in concert ____40____(passionate). The film’s popularity aroused public admiration ____41____Yue, who bravely fought battles against the Jin Dynasty and was celebrated for his____42____(loyal) and courage. One of the film’s____43____(intention) is to illustrate and highlight Yue Fei’s spirit. In ____44____article posted on China’s leading film rating platform Douban, Chen Yu, the film’s screenwriter, wrote that Yue’s lyrical poem contains a kind of culture or emotion ____45____(share) by all Chinese people. 【答案】 36. whom 37. had generated 38. Its 39. featuring 40. passionately 41. for 42. loyalty 43. intentions 44. an 45. shared 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍张艺谋拍摄的电影——《满江红》。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在今年的春节假期里，河南省汤阴县迎来了越来越多的游客，其中许多人是来瞻仰宋代民族英雄岳飞的。分析句子可知，这里考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为tourists，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：截至1月27日，也就是假期的最后一天，这部电影已经创造了约26亿元的巨额总票房收入，位居假期票房排行榜第一。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，且主语the film和谓语动词generate为主动关系，再由By Jan 27可知，这里应用过去完成时。故填had generated。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：它的情节围绕着围绕岳飞之死的一系列事件展开。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词性物主代词its作定语修饰后面名词plot，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Its。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多观众被电影的结局感动得流下了眼泪，成千上万的士兵同心协力热情地朗诵着这首抒情诗。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，且逻辑主语the ending of the movie和非谓语动词feature为主动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填现在分词形式。故填featuring。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：许多观众被电影的结局感动得流下了眼泪，成千上万的士兵同心协力热情地朗诵着这首抒情诗。分析句子可知，此空应填副词passionately作状语修饰动词reciting。故填passionately。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这部电影的火爆引起了公众对岳的钦佩，他勇敢地与金朝作战，并以其忠诚和勇气而闻名。admiration for sb.表“对某人的钦佩”，为固定搭配。故填for。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：这部电影的火爆引起了公众对岳的钦佩，他勇敢地与金朝作战，并以其忠诚和勇气而闻名。由并列连词and后名词courage可知，此空也应填名词，且loyalty表“忠诚”，为不可数名词。故填loyalty。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这部电影的意图之一是为了说明和突出岳飞的精神。分析句子可知，one of后面应加可数名词intention的复数形式。故填intentions。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在中国领先的电影评分平台豆瓣上发布的一篇文章中，该片编剧陈瑜写道，岳飞的抒情诗包含了一种所有中国人都有的文化或情感。分析句子可知，此空应填不定冠词表泛指概念，且article为元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国领先的电影评分平台豆瓣上发布的一篇文章中，该片编剧陈瑜写道，岳飞的抒情诗包含了一种所有中国人都有的文化或情感。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词， 逻辑主语a kind of culture or emotion和非谓语动词share为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填过去分词作后置定语。故填shared。 请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母或中文的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，意保持语义和形式的一致，每空填一个单词。 46. The splendid transition of New Oriental (新东方) gives us an e________ lesson: Reading does broaden a person’s horizon.（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】excellent##xcellent 【解析】考查形容词。句意：新东方的辉煌转型给我们上了一堂很好的课：读书的确拓宽了一个人的视野。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，根据上文“The splendid transition of New Oriental (新东方的辉煌转型)”以及下文“Reading does broaden a person’s horizon (读书的确拓宽了一个人的视野)”可知此处上下文说的是对新东方转型的积极的评价，空白处应填表示“极好的”含义的形容词，根据首字母提示，以e开头且含义为“极好的”形容词为excellent，故填excellent。 47. As you know, the ________ (进化) of any species is largely influenced by its interactions with other species. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】evolution 【解析】考查名词。句意：如你所知，任何物种的进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种相互作用的影响。the +名词+ of+名词，意为“......的......”，所以此处应用名词evolution做主语，且为不可数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填evolution。 48. Pictures can ________ (捕捉) brief moments but they can also tell great stories. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】capture 【解析】考查动词。句意：图片可以捕捉短暂的瞬间，但也可以讲述精彩的故事。根据汉语提示“捕捉”可知，空格处涉及单词“capture”，意为“捕捉”，动词词性，情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填capture。 49. I believe that only by doing so can we better ourselves in every aspect of our life. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is a________ us because technology makes our life rich and colorful. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】awaiting##waiting 【解析】考查动词和时态。句意：我相信只有这样，我们才能在生活的方方面面都变得更好。因此，我相信光明的未来正在等待着我们，因为科技使我们的生活丰富多彩。根据单词首字母以及句意“等待”可知，空格处涉及单词“await”，意为“等待”，动词词性，根据句意和句中“is”可知，句中动作正在发生，应用现在进行时，空格处应用“await”的现在分词“awaiting”。故填awaiting。 50. China ________ (拥有) the world’s longest and most extensively used HSR network and is rightly considered the world leader in HSR construction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】boasts 【解析】考查动词和时态。句意：中国拥有世界上最长、使用最广泛的高铁网络，被公认为世界高铁建设的领导者。根据汉语提示“拥有”可知，空格处涉及单词“boast”，意为“拥有（值得自豪的东西）”，动词词性，根据句中“is”可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，“China”为单个专有名词，故空格处应用“boast”的三单形式“boasts”。故填boasts。 51. C________ a positive mental attitude towards yourself can reap tremendous benefits. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Cultivating##ultivating 【解析】考查动名词。句意：培养对自己积极的心态可以收获巨大的好处。由“a positive mental attitude towards yourself”可知，句子表示“培养对自己积极的心态可以收获巨大的好处”，空格处意为“培养”，由首字母提示C可知，是cultivate，空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Cultivating。 52. It takes strength to persist in the face of o________, when it would be much easier to simply give up. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】obstacles##bstacles 【解析】考查名词。句意：在困难面前坚持是需要力量的，而放弃其实要容易得多。根据介词“of”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语，表示“阻碍、困难”，根据首字母提示，应用可数名词obstacle的复数形式。故填obstacles。 53. C________ the fear and concentrating on what you are doing—that’s where the biggest joy comes from. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Conquering##onquering 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：克服恐惧，专注于你正在做的事情，这就是最大的快乐来源。根据单词首字母以及句意“克服”可知，空格处涉及单词“conquer”，意为“克服”，动词词性，根据句中“concentrating”可知，空格处应用“conquer”的动名词“conquering”作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Conquering。 54. We will promote high-quality ________ (合作) under the Belt and Road Initiative. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】cooperation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们将在“一带一路”倡议下促进高质量合作。根据汉语提示“合作”可知，空格处应用“cooperation”，意为“合作”，为不可数名词，在句中作宾语。故填cooperation。 55. ________(成熟) is learning to walk away from people and situation that threaten your peace of mind, self-respect, values, morals or self-worth. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Maturity 【解析】考查名词。句意：成熟就是学会远离那些威胁到你内心平静、自尊、价值观、道德或自我价值的人和事。根据汉语提示可知应填名词maturity，作主语，不可数。首字母要大写。故填Maturity。 3.（江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Book of Changes, or Zhouyi in Chinese, is one of the ancient Chinese classics with ___56___ (emphasize) on the essential nature of changes.It is believed that Zhouyi originated from Fuxi, and further sublimed by Confucius and his disciples (门徒). Legend goes that King Wen of Zhou was a very wise and able king,who attracted many like-minded people ___57___(join) him.So he was envied by the tyrannical king of the Shang Dynasty, who put him into prison. During this seven years of hard time,King Wen of Zhou___58___ (insist) on studying truth left by Fuxi and created Zhouyi ___59___ virtue of his persistent spirit. In ancient times, people ___60___(awe) by natural disasters or accidents for “unknown reasons.” So they always referred to Zhouyi to explain these complex phenomena. When divining, they also turned to the auguries (占卜)___61___ (describe) in Zhouyi for inspiration. The discovery of one of the earliest copies of Zhouyi in 1973 proved Confucius’s contribution to Zhouyi, ___62___the fact that Zhouyi is much more valuable than just ___63___ book for divination. According to traditions, Confucius and his disciples made great efforts to compile and interpret the book in commentaries known as the Ten Wings, ___64___made up the other part of Zhouyi. The Ten Wings made Zhouyi much ____65____(easy) for ordinary people at the time to understand and are still used today. 【答案】 56. emphasis 57. to join 58. insisted 59. by##in 60. were awed 61. described 62. and 63. a 64. which 65. easier 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著作《周易》的诞生以及其重要作用。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：《周易》是中国古代强调变化本质的经典著作之一。作介词的宾语，应用名词emphasis。故填emphasis。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：传说周文王是一位非常聪明和能干的国王，他吸引了许多志同道合的人加入他的行列。短语attract sb. to do sth.表示“吸引某人做某事”，故填to join。 【58题详解】 考查时态。句意：在这艰难的七年里，周文王坚持学习伏羲留下的真理，并以他坚持不懈的精神创作了《周易》。根据后文and created可知为一般过去时 。故填insisted。 【59题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这艰难的七年里，周文王坚持学习伏羲留下的真理，并以他坚持不懈的精神创作了《周易》。短语by/in virtue of表示“由于，凭借”。故填by/in。 【60题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：在古代，人们对“不明原因”的自然灾害或事故感到敬畏。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文In ancient times可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为people，谓语用复数。故填were awed。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在占卜的时候，他们也会从《周易》里的预言中寻找灵感。分析句子结构可知describe与逻辑主语auguries构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填described。 【62题详解】 考查连词。句意：1973年发现的最早的《周易》副本之一证明了孔子对《周易》的贡献，以及《周易》不仅仅是一本占卜书的价值。结合前后文可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【63题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1973年发现的最早的《周易》副本之一证明了孔子对《周易》的贡献，以及《周易》不仅仅是一本占卜书的价值。book为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：根据传统，孔子和他的弟子们花了很大的努力来编辑和解释这本书，被称为《十翼》，这构成了《周易》的另一部分。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Ten Wings，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 【65题详解】 考查比较级。句意：《十翼》使当时的普通人更容易理解周易，至今仍在使用。根据上文much以及句意“更容易”可知应填比较级easier。故填easier。 提升专练 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 假如你是高二学生李华，你校学生会近期要为即将参加高考的高三学子举行加油仪式(a pep rally)，现征集活动创意。请你给学生会写一封信表达对于活动的建议，内容包括： 1．写信目； 2．活动建议； 3．期待和祝福。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To whom it may concern, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 To whom it may concern, Delightedly informed that a pep rally for senior high school students is around the corner, I am writing to share my ideas. First of all, it is very meaningful to invite our headmaster to deliver an inspiring speech, which can definitely lift up students’ spirits. Besides, interactive activities such as signing up their names on a large board or taking a group photo can give them a sense of participation, strengthening their determination to face the coming challenge. I hope my suggestions can contribute to the successful launch of the rally. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是高二学生李华，你校学生会近期要为即将参加高考的高三学子举行加油仪式(a pep rally)，现征集活动创意。请你给学生会写一封信表达对于活动的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 演讲：speech→lecture 临近：be around the corner→approach 高兴的：delighted→glad 此外：besides→in addition 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I hope my suggestions can contribute to the successful launch of the rally. 拓展句：I would be honored if my suggestions can contribute to the successful launch of the rally. [高分句型1] Delightedly informed that a pep rally for senior high school students is around the corner, I am writing to share my ideas. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] First of all, it is very meaningful to invite our headmaster to deliver an inspiring speech, which can definitely lift up students’ spirits. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分20分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My lucky bamboo My wife Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. But after my diagnosis (诊断) with a brain cancer, I loved the idea of havingsomething new and green around. My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green container. We placed the plant in the living room window across from the sofa where I spent much of the day. I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself. When it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or lose all its leaves, I was pleasantly surprised. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time when I sometimes felt useless. The cancer limited my ability to walk, and the treatment left me worn out, making it hard for me to accomplish everyday tasks. As a family physician, I was used to being the one who provided care, not the one who received it. Since my diagnosis, it seemed that I had to rely on help from other people. The enormous change left me feeling unsettled. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver. Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and completed treatment afterwards. Even after I returned to work, I continued to care for the plant. Soon, it had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were shiny. Both the tree and I were thriving(茁壮成长). Then, surprisingly, it began to show signs of stress. I increased my watering. I fed it commercial plant food. No matter what I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping to the floor. I grew more and more discouraged and uneasy. “I can’t even care for a simple plant!” I yelled. “I’m failing!”Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before. She asked me why I was getting so worked up about this particular one. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “If my lucky bamboo dies,” I said, “I might die too!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________ As my anxiety decreased, I began to dig into online courses to help me figure out how to care for my ailing (状况不佳的) plant. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “If my lucky bamboo dies,” I said, “I might die too!” Unable to shake off the feeling that the plant had become a symbol of my own shaky health, I cried tears when I was alone. Now that the tree was struggling, increasing fear seized me, which in turn helped me regain calmness. Sunk into thought, I realized I had wrongly connected my care of the plant— something over which I had at least some control—with my own survival—something over which I had no control. As my anxiety decreased, I began to dig into online tutorials to help me figure out how to care for my ailing (状况不佳的) plant. Following the instructions, I transplanted the bamboo to a larger pot to give it room to grow. When it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive again. On seeing the tree in its new pot, I couldn’t help thinking of Mitch and the other people who have cared for and supported me. So blessed and grateful were I that nothing in this world could beat me, even the cancer. 【解析】本文以竹子为线索展开，讲述了作者在患癌症期间养了一棵幸运竹。在接下来的几个月里，作者从手术中恢复过来，并完成了治疗。即使在作者回到工作岗位后也继续照料这株植物，但是作者发现不管怎么做，竹子叶还是变黄掉到地上。作者越来越气馁，越来越不安。“我连一棵简单的植物都养不好!”他喊道。作者的妻子问作者为什么对这件事如此激动。 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘如果我的幸运竹子死了，’我说，‘我也可能会死!’”可知，第一段可描写作者将竹子的命运看成是自己的命运并进行了自我反思。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始钻研在线教程，以帮助我弄清楚如何照顾我生病的植物”可知，第二段可描写作者按照指示，把竹子移植到一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间使竹子茁壮成长以及竹子带给了作者信心。 2.续写线索：将竹子的命运看成是自己的命运——反思——把竹子移植到一个更大的花盆里——竹子成长——带给作者信心 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓住：seize/grasp ②意识到：realise/be aware of ③帮助help/assist 情绪类 ①感激：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful ②幸运的：blessed /fortunate [高分句型1]. On seeing the tree in its new pot, I couldn’t help thinking of Mitch and the other people who have cared for and supported me. （由who引导的定语从句） [高分句型2]. Now that the tree was struggling, increasing fear seized me, which in turn helped me regain calmness. （now that引导的原因状语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句） ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 选择性必修第三册Unit3&Unit4复习 目录 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1、第三和第四单元的重要单词讲解（单词词义、词性变形、用法搭配、例句展示和题目运用） 2、第三和第四单元的短语汇总（多半考察短语中的介词搭配） 3、第三和第四单元的基础运用（词汇适当形式填空、单句语法填空、选词填空、课文内容填空） 高考考点聚焦 常考考点 真题举例 表语从句 2021年全国I卷 2023年新高考I卷 同位语从句 2023年北京卷 2022年浙江卷 一、第三单元的重要单词讲解 【单词讲解1】convince vt. 使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 【变形】adj.（物） convincing 令人信服的，有说服力的 adj.（人）convinced 确信的，坚信的 【用法】 说服某人做某事convince sb. to do sth. 使某人信服某事convince sb. of sth/ that… 令人信服的证据convincing evidence 确信某事sb. be convinced of sth/ that… 【例句】I convicted him of the story I told him yesterday. 我使得他相信了这个昨天我告诉他的故事。 【题目应用】 （1）I've been trying to convince him ___________(see) a doctor.我一直劝他去看病 （2）You'll need to convince them ________your enthusiasm for the job.你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。 （3）There is__________ (convince) evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。 【单词讲解2】load vt. & vi. 装上，装入 n. 负载；承载量；大量 【用法】 装载有be loaded with 使某人放心take a load off sb’s mind 【辨析】 上传upload 下载download 卸下unload 【例句】The plane took off with a full load.飞机满载起飞。 In the first pass all the addresses are loaded into the database.第一步，所有地址均输入数据库。 【题目应用】 （1）She loaded the camera _________film.她在照相机里装了胶卷。 （2）These backpacks are designed to carry a heavy________.这些背包是为携带重物设计的。 【单词讲解3】dismiss vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 【变形】n. dismissal 开除，解雇；不予考虑，摒弃；驳回 【用法】 下课dismiss the class 解雇一个雇员dismiss an employee 【例句】He dismissed her from his mind.他挥去了对她的思念。 At 12 o'clock the class was dismissed.12点下课了。 【题目应用】 （1）__________(dismiss) her fears, she climbed higher.她排除了恐惧，爬得更高了。 He was threatened with ___________if he continued to turn up late for work.他受到警告，如果继续上班迟到，就被辞退。 【单词讲解4】acknowledge v.承认、感谢 【变形】n. acknowledgement 承认；感谢 【用法】 承认事实acknowledge the fact 被认可为……be acknowledged as/to be …….. 【例句】He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。 I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.我没有承认他犯了什么错。 【题目应用】 （1）I gratefully a___________ financial support from several local businesses.我对本地几家企业的资助表示感谢。 （2）He is also acknowledged ___________an excellent goalkeeper他也被公认为是一名出色的守门员。 【单词讲解5】regardless adv. 不顾，不加理会 【用法】不管不顾regardless of 【例句】Everyone has the right to good medical care regardless of their ability to pay. 无论支付能力如何，每个人都有权得到良好的医疗。 The club welcomes all new members regardless of age.俱乐部对所有新成员不分年龄一律欢迎。 【题目应用】 （1）All applicants will be considered regardless _________age, sex, religion or nationality.所有申请者，不论其年龄、性别、宗教信仰及国籍，都可考虑。 （2）人不分贵贱。 _________________________________________________________________ 【单词讲解6】allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把…计算在内 【用法】 考虑到潜在的危险allow for potential danger 考虑到/体谅 make allowances for 【例句】You have to allow for a certain amount of error...你必须将一定量的误差考虑在内。 When arranging our work, we should allow for unforeseen circumstances.我们安排工作时要留有余地。 【题目运用】 （1）We will need to allow__________ the travel time in the schedule.我们必须考虑到行程表中的旅游时间。 （2）It is better to___________ shrinkage when buying cotton clothes.买棉衣时最好要考虑到它们的缩水率。 【单词讲解7】available adj. 可获得的，可找到的；有空的 【变形】n. availability 可获得性 【用法】 使某人能够得到某物 make sth available to sb. 可用于……be available for 【例句】We are doing our best with the limited resources available.我们利用可获得的有限资源，尽最大的努力。 There are various treatments available for this condition.对这种病情有各种疗法。 【题目应用】 （1）Mr Leach is on holiday and was not __________for comment.利奇先生休假了，不方便作出评论。 （2）I want to make these books available _________the children in poor areas. 【单词讲解8】adopt vt. 采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi. 领养，收养 【变形】n. adoption 采用，领养 【辨析】 adopt采用；领养 adapt改编；适应 n. adaptation adjust调节；适应 n. adjustment 【用法】 收养孩子/孤儿 adopt a child/ orphan 采纳措施adopt measures 【例句】All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。 A social worker is appointed to interview the prospective adopters. 一名社工被任命对有意收养者进行面试。 【题目应用】 （1）She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and ___________children.她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。 （2）The company has ___________a firm policy on shoplifting.那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。 【单词讲解9】freeze vi. & vt. (froze, frozen) 突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵 【变形】adj. freezing极冷的 adj. frozen 冰冻的 【用法】 冻僵 freeze with cold 吓呆/惊呆 freeze with horror/ surprise 笑容在脸上僵住了 the smile freeze on one’s face 被吓呆在原地 be frozen to the spot 【例句】The road is frozen in winter. 冬天的路是冻住的。 The girl was frozen to the spot when she saw the horror film. 当女孩看了这部恐怖的电影她被吓呆在原地。 【题目应用】 （1）It's so cold that even the river has___________.天气冷得河都封冻了。 （2）Two men _______________________on the mountain.两个男子在山上冻死了。 【单词讲解10】drag vt. (dragged-dragging)拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动 【用法】 拖着脚走drag one’s feet/ heels   在某事上迟迟不作决定drag one’s feet over sth  【例句】They dragged her from her bed.他们把她从床上拽了起来。 I managed to drag myself out of bed.我总算硬撑着从床上爬了起来。 He got up and dragged his chair towards the table.他站起来把他的椅子拖向桌子。 【题目应用】 （1）The vigilantes _____________the men out of the vehicles...治安人员硬把那些人拉下车。 （2）He was ______________his coat in the mud.他的外套拖在泥里。 【单词讲解11】hatch vt. 密谋，策划；使孵出 vi. 孵化 【用法】 制定一个计划 hatch a plan 策划阴谋hatch a plot 【例句】 【单词讲解12】plot n. 阴谋；故事情节 vi. & vt. 密谋 【用法】暗中策划做某事plot to do sth 【例句】The female must find a warm place to hatch her eggs.母鸡必须找个温暖的地方孵蛋。 Have you been hatching up a deal with her?你是不是在和她密谋什么交易？ 【题目应用】 （1）Ten chicks__________ this morning.今早有十只小鸡出壳了 （2）A plot ________________with secrecy.一个阴谋在暗中策划着。 二、第三单元的短语汇总 1. set sail from 起航 2. have a far-reaching impact on 对……产生深远影响 3. expose…to… 使……接触到 4. as is the case with ……便是如此 5. inspire sb. to do 激励……做…… 6. receive financial support 获得经济资助 7. depart from 从……出发 8. a shortage of food 食物短缺 9. be in panic 陷入恐慌 10. a glorious era in Chinese history 中国历史上的繁荣时期 11. take charge of the task 接下了这个任务 12. establish relations with 与……建立关系 13. be accompanied by 由……陪同 14. be buried in 被埋葬在 15. facilitate access to 便于……接触到…… 16. carry on with 继续从事 17. in the form of 以……形式 18. rather than 而不是 19. with the rise of 随着……的崛起 20. seek to 寻求，试图做…… 21. with vivid descriptions 有着生动的描述 22. an approach to doing 做…的方法 23. come to oneself 苏醒，镇静下来 24. launch a surprise attack on 发起对……的突袭 25. declare war on 对……宣战 26. survive the attack 在袭击中幸存 27. deliver a speech 发表演讲 28. show respect to 对……致意 29. pray for world peace 祈祷世界和平 30. promote economic growth 促进经济增长 31. expand world trade 拓展世界贸易 32. urban working class城市工人阶级 三、第三单元的基础运用 1）单词填空 1.Shortly after the train ________ (离开), the conductor comes to collect tickets. 2.The new technology, if applied to rice growing, will help increase the grain ________ (产量). 3.There is no convincing ________ (证据) that children with good education can surely have career prospects. 4.This can be as simple as leaving a book open instead of putting it back on the ________ (架子). 5.I worried, remembering those moments decades ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would ________ (冻僵). 6.She volunteered to attend to the worst injured soldier because there was a serious ________ (短缺) of nurses. 7.Work should be done to ________ (促进) employment among key groups, including college graduates and rural migrant workers who have had difficulty finding jobs. 8.But whatever therapy we choose to ________ (采用), it seems any change to our lifestyle can help improve our body and mind. 9.The ________ (改革) of the family planning policy allows a family to have the third child 10.It's said that the Titanic ________ (沉没) to the bottom of the sea. 11.As is often the case, any economic ________(改革) faces twists and turns. 12.In order to maximize profit, the firm would seek to maximize ________(产量). 13.She has published more than 20 books including novels, poetry and _________(文学的) criticism. 14.At the age of five he showed _________(杰出的) talent as a musician. 15.The designs were created to better stand earthquakes which happened _________(强烈地). 16.Her voice ________(sink), so he moved closer to catch what she was saying. 2）单句填空 (1) The language experts I spoke with say you shouldn't allow the promises of a course or an app __________ (convince) you that learning a language is easy. (2) Be careful! There is a truck __________ (load) with supplies running downhill. (3) To save time, the group leader asked another three workers to _________(load) the goods off the truck． (4) A new approach to the traffic problem __________ (adopt)at the meeting the other day. (5) We are pleased to see the suggestion __________ (adopt) in many schools to help free students from the heavy schoolwork． (6) After five-hour delay, passengers were finally informed to __________ (aboard) the plane   (7) Today we canoed around the lake __________ had a very short swim. It was __________ (freeze). The weather has been sunny, but not like the weather at home. (8) We saw the figure of a large Canada goose, very still, its wings folded（合拢）tightly to its sides, its feet __________ (freeze) to the ice. (9) I __________ (drag) into the principal’s office the next day, sad and disappointed. (10) Henry couldn’t believe his ears, f__________ to the spot. 3）选词填空 on behalf of regardless of allow for sort out on the contrary a load of dive into in panic be packed with in chaos (1) A peasant then came along carrying ____________________ vegetables. (2) Now, ____________________ the people in need, I should say thanks to Willard, you are great (3) I felt they would not affect my appearance. ____________________, they would make me more attractive. (4) Wu reportedly said testing had begun on the satellite years ago and the technology had now evolved enough to _____________________ a launch in 2020. (5) People were hugging each other, anxiously trying to reach their loved ones or weeping ____________________. (6) With appreciation, you will find that over time, you will change your outlook and choose to be happy, ____________________ the events around you. (7) Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully __________ them __________, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. 一、第四单元的重要单词讲解 【单词讲解1】awe vt. 使惊叹，使敬畏 n. 敬畏，惊叹 【变形1】awesome adj. 令人惊叹的 使人惊惧的；很好的 【变形2】awful adj. 可怕的 糟糕的 很坏的 【用法】 敬畏地，惊叹地in awe 对……惊叹不已be awed by… 【例句】While Diana was in awe of her grandfather, she adored her grandmother. 黛安娜敬畏她的祖父，但敬佩她的祖母。 She gazed in awe at the great stones...她惊叹地盯着那些巨石。 【题目应用】 （！）Caroline hardly dared talk in Alex's presence, she was so _______________him.卡罗琳在亚历克斯面前几乎不敢说话，她对他很是敬畏。 （2）It's magnificent,’ she whispered______________.“真是壮观。”她小声地惊叹道。 【单词讲解2】preserve vt. 维护，保护，保存；维持 【变形】preservation n. 保存，保留 preserved adj. 保藏的；腌制的；喝醉的 【用法】 保护……免遭preserve…from 被保存/保养得很好be well preserved 【例句】Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.维护和平的努力失败了。 The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。 【题目应用】 （1）Protective measures are necessary if the city's monuments are_____________.要保存城市古迹必须采取一些维护性措施。 （2）People should preserve children ___________being hurt.人们应保护儿童免于受害。 【单词讲解3】urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 【变形】urge v. 敦促；主张 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望 urgency n. 紧急；急迫 【用法】 迫切需要……in urgent need of… 敦促某人做某事urge sb. to do sth. 某人竭力主张……做某事sb. urged that… (should) do sth. 有做某事的冲的have an / the urge to do sth. 紧急地with urgency 【例句】The attack added a new urgency to the peace talks.这次攻击事件使和平谈判愈加紧迫。 There is an urgent need for food and water...现在亟需食物和水。 【题目应用】 （1）She was called away from the meeting to take an________ phone call.她被叫出会场去接一个紧急电话。 （2）It is urgent that food and clothing _________（send）to the famine victims.急需将食物和衣服送给饥民。 【单词讲解4】incredible adj. 极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的 【变形】credible adj. 可信的；有可能成功的 credit n. 信誉，信用；赞扬，认可；学分 【用法】 信用卡credit card 可信的成绩a credible performance 【例句】It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already. 真让人难以置信，她已经在那里待了一个星期了。 The wildflowers will be incredible after this rain...这场雨过后,野花会变得美不胜收。 【题目应用】 （1）It seemed__________ that people would still want to play football during a war在战时人们仍然想踢足球，这似乎不可思议。 （2）Mr Robertson would be a ____________candidate罗伯逊先生将是可能当选的候选人之一。 【单词讲解5】ecology n. 生态，生态学 【变形】 ecological adj. 生态的；生态学的 ecologist n. 生态学家；生态保护者 ecosystem n. 生态系统 【用法】 脆弱的自然生态系统fragile natural ecosystem 破坏生态平衡upset the ecological balance 从生态学角度来看from an ecological point of view 【例句】Oil pollution could damage the fragile ecology of the coral reefs. 石油污染可能破坏珊瑚礁脆弱的生态环境。 【题目应用】 （1）He warned of the serious threat to global _______which is going unheeded.他警告说，全球生态正面临着严重的威胁，而这种威胁并没有得到重视。 （2）He wants to be an__________ in the future.他将来想成为一名生态学家。 【单词讲解6】consultation n. 咨询，商讨；就诊 【变形】consult v. 查阅；商量；请教 consultant n. 顾问；咨询者；会诊医生 【用法】 与某人商量某事consult with sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事consult sb. about sth. 【例句】A personal diet plan is devised after a consultation with a nutritionist. 咨询营养学家后，制订了个人饮食方案。 Have you consulted your lawyer about this? 你就此事咨询过你的律师吗？ 【题目应用】 （1）There have been extensive ________________between the two countries.两国之间进行了广泛磋商。 （2）I need to consult ________my colleagues ________the proposals.我需要和我的同事商讨这些建议。 【单词讲解7】division n. 分歧；分开，分隔 【变形】divide v. 使分开；使分离；使产生分歧 divided adj. 分裂的 【用法】 A和B之间在某方面的分歧division in / within sth. between A and B 被分成……be divided into… 【例句】There are deep divisions in the party over the war.党内对于这场战争存在着严重的分歧。 The current division of labor between workers and management will alter. 当前工人与管理部门的分工将会改变。 【题目应用】 （1）I _____________the cake into six. 我把蛋糕分成了6份。 （2）The __________between you and Jack couldn’t be removed. 你和Jack之间的分歧不能被消除。 【单词讲解8】cooperation n. 合作，协作；协助，配合 【变形】 cooperate v. 合作；协力 cooperative adj. 合作的； n. 合作社 【用法】 与某人合作做某事 in cooperation with sb. in doing sth. 技术合作technical cooperation 与……合作cooperate with… 【例句】The cooperation between these two countries are very smooth.他们两个国家之间的合作非常顺利。 【题目应用】 （1）Her arrest was a triumph of international______________.她的被捕是国际合作的成果。 （2）The film was produced_______________ them.这部影片是和他们合作制作的。 【单词讲解9】conservation n. 保护；保持 【变形】conserve v. 保存；使守恒 conservative adj. 守旧的；保守的；保守者 【用法】保护能源/野生动物 conserve energy / wild animals 【例句】We need to conserve our energy when we swim for a while.我们游泳游了一会儿后需要保存体力。 【题目应用】 （1）The c _______________of wild animals is very significant.保护野生动物是很重要的。 （2）He is such a_________ person that we can’t persuade him.他是如此守旧的人以至于我们劝服不了他。 【单词讲解10】migration n. 迁徙，迁移，移居 【变形】migrate v. 迁徙，移动 migrant n. 迁移者，移民；候鸟 【辨析】 immigrate v. 移入 immigration n. 移居入境 immigrant n. 外来移民 emigrate v. 移居国外 emigration n. 移民出境 emigrant n. 移居国外的人 【例句】Selectivity of human migration long been the focus of demographers and economists. 人口迁移的选择性一直以来都是人口学家和经济学家关注的焦点 The scale of migration took a quantum leap in the early 1970s. 20世纪70年代初，移民的规模骤然扩大。 【题目应用】 （1）My grandparents __________to Canada to try their luck there.我的祖父母移民到加拿大去碰碰运气。 （2）He ____________from Ulster in 1848他1848年从阿尔斯特移民到这里。 【单词讲解11】reserve n. 自然保护区；储备 vt. 预订；预留；保留 【变形】reservation n. 预约；保留 【用法】 自然保护区a nature reserve 给……预订某物/保留某物reserve sth. for… 进行预订make a reservation 【例句】I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。 【题目应用】 （！）These seats _____________(reserve) for special guests.这些座位是留给贵宾的。 （2）The ___________covers an area of some 1 140 square kilometres.保护区占地面积大约1140平方公里。 【单词讲解12】submit vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服 【变形】submission n. 投降；提交；服从 【用法】 听从……，遵从……，遵守……submit to... 提交，呈递（文件、建议等）submit sth. to sb. /sth. 顺从；屈服；投降submit oneself to sb. / sth. =give in to sb. / sth. 【例句】The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval.该计划将送交委员会正式批准。 She refused to submit to threats.她面对威胁，拒不低头。 【题目应用】 （1）You must s____________ your claim within a reasonable time.你必须在适当的时间内提出要求。 （2）Applications should___________（submit） as early as possible申请表应尽早提交。 【单词讲解13】assign vt. 指定，指派；分配；确定 【变形】assignment n. 分配；任务；作业；功课 assigned adj. 指定的；已分配的 【用法】 分配某物给某人assign sb. sth / assign sth. to sb 指定；指派assign sb. to sth. / as sth. 阅读作业reading assignments 【例句】The two large classrooms have been assigned to us.这两间大教室分配给了我们。 The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.老师给每个儿童都布置了不同的作业。 【题目应用】 （1）British forces have been assigned _________（help）with peacekeeping.英国军队被派遣协助维持和平。 （2）When I taught, I would assign a topic _________children which they would write about我教课时会给孩子们布置一个题目，让他们就这个题目写点东西。 【单词讲解14】expansion n. 扩展，扩大，膨胀 【变形】expand v. 扩大；增加 expansive adj. 广阔的；扩张的 【用法】 进一步的扩张further expansion 增加词汇expand vocabulary 详细阐述……expand on… 【辨析】 expansion: （尺寸、数字或数量等）扩大，增加（活动量），扩大（活动范围）。 extension: 延伸，延长（建筑或道路、时间等）；扩大（控制、影响力等）；伸展（手臂、等）。 【例句】Despite the recession the company is confident of further expansion. 尽管经济衰退，公司对进一步扩展仍充满信心。 We've expanded the business by opening two more stores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。 【题目应用】 （1）The book is an_________ of a series of lectures given last year.本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。 （2）The president used today's speech to expand________remarks he made last month.总统利用今天的演讲更充分地阐述了他上个月所讲的话。 【单词讲解15】ban vt. 明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事n. 禁令 【用法】 禁止某人做某事ban sb. from doing sth. 一个对某物的禁令a ban on sth. 解禁；取消禁令lift the ban 【例句】He was banned from the meeting.他被取消了出席会议的资格。 The General also lifted a ban on political parties.将军同时取消了对政党的禁令。 【题目应用】 （1）He was banned _________driving for six months.他被禁止驾驶六个月。 （2）There is to be a total ban __________smoking in the office.办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。 二、第四单元的短语汇总 1. cultural and natural heritage sites文化和天然的遗产遗址 2. be awed by natural wonders为自然奇观所惊叹 3. be fascinated by human civilization 被人类文明深深吸引 4. cause a great deal of damage to...造成对……的严重损害 5. give rise to a series of problems 导致一系列的问题 6. boost tourism and fishing推动旅游业和渔业 7. at the top of the agenda首要议程；当务之急 8. for the benefit of...为……的利益 9. share a joint responsibility 分担共同的责任 10. participate in any way you can 以任何你力所能及的方式参与进来 11. (be) assigned by... (as...) 被……指派（作为……） 12. strengthen the relationships between the major powers of the time巩固了当时主要强国之间的关系 13. at the initial stage of... 在……的初始阶段 14. contribute to a great age of expansion促进了伟大的扩张时代 15. access to new goods, knowledge and ideas获取到新商品、新知识和新观念的途径 16. achieve a shared development实现共同发展 17. the Belt and Road Initiative 一带一路倡议 18. promote the exchanges of different civilizations推动不同文明的交流 三、第四单元的基础运用 There are _1_______ (curent) around 1,100 heritage sites in more than 160 countries worldwide. Unfortunately, they face various dangers and many of them are in _2_______ (urge) need of protection. Two main factors contribute to the risk of heritage sites. The long-term natural forces, like wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites _3_______ natural disasters can lead to the destruction of them. Another big danger is human activities. Wars can cause damage _4________ both natural and cultural heritage sites. Meanwhile, World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems, one of _5_______ is the flood of tourists. Human population growth _6________ (increase) the demand for production and consumption of goods, _7_______ (put) heritage sites in danger. Many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever. Such dangers can have disastrous _8_________ (outcome) not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. Therefore, heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of human beings. The more we acknowledge the outstanding value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat 9________ (they) with respect. We all share a joint responsibility _10_______ (protect) and preserve them, not just for ourselves, but for future generations. The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. _1____ key section of the Silk Road network is the Changan-Tianshan Corridor stretching through ChinaKazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian travelled from Chang’an to Central Asia. Following Zhang Qian's efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships _2_____________ (strengthen) between the major powers of the time, with the routes network _3________ (reach) as far as the Roman Empire. Silk was not the only item _4_________ (transport) along the road. China and tea were also exported from China, while horses, wool, cotton and grapes were imported from the West. Apart from trade exchange, the network served _5_______ a bridge for cultural exchange, _6________ shaped the evolution of science，arttechnology and other areas in societies along the network _7________ (gradual),for example, the _8_________ (introduce) of astronomy and mathematics from India and Arabia and the spread of papermaking and printing to the West. The Silk Road connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a _9_______ (share) development, In the modern age, through the Belt and Road Initiative, the Silk Road is once again promoting the exchanges of different _10_____________ (civilization). In the summer of 1405,Zheng Heone of China’s greatest explorers, set out on his _1____ (one) voyage.From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He represented the Ming Dynasty and made seven voyages. His fleet,_2_______ (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers,visited more than 30 countries and regions. Zheng He's seven voyages had _3________ far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours. His efforts contributed to the development and _4___________ (strengthen) harmonious relations with the countries and regions where he set foot, _5_________(expose) foreigners to Chinese culture, and giving Chinese people a better _6________(understand) of overseas lands. Zheng He’s achievements are now widely acknowledged and he is considered _7________ (be) one of China's most influential explorers. Columbus insisted _8______ finding a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. Despite all the challenges, Columbus succeeded in keeping everyone out of danger with his knowledge and courage. Finally, the crew spotted land in the _9_______ (distant). His voyages marked the beginning of the Age of Exploration _10_________ witnessed many important geographical discoveries. The period also promoted an international exchange of ideas and cultures. It was Sunday, December 7，1941.It looked like it was going to be a normal day _1_____ board. Just then there was a huge crashing sound from above.The ship shook _2_______ (violent) and the crew looked at each other in horror. Moments later, a bomb _3________ (hit) the USS Arizona. The surprise attack came as _4____ great shock to the whole nation. The next day, President Roosevelt made his famous Pearl Harbor Speech, _5_______ (ask)the US Congress to declare war on Japan. In response to the attack and the president's address, the US joined World War Ⅱ. Today,the USS Arizona lies _6_______ it sank: in the middle of the Pacific Ocean._7_______ (it) location is marked with a memorial shaped like a bridge, which crosses the ship's _8______ (sink) remains. Nearly 80 years has passed _9_______ the attack on Pearl Harbor,one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never _10____________ (forget). 真题感知 1.（江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dressed in long robes， a crowd of young people wanders around pavilions(凉亭)and royalgardens．Their flowing sleeves and heavily embroidered(绣花的)skirts ____36____(gentle)sway(摇曳)in the breeze.They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set，____37____ Hanfu enthusiasts in a themed event. Benefiting from the growing ____38____ (popular) of social media and a craze for traditionalculture,Hanfu,____39____traditional style of clothing worn by the Han people, was brought back tothe forefront by a new wave of Chinese youth. A community called “Hua Yan Hui” was founded by Liu Xiang in 2011 following a movement ____40____ emerged from the desire____41____ (express) national identity and growing cultural confidence.Yang Kunning, born in the 1990s, opened an account on the video-sharing platform Bilibili andposted videos ____42____(feature) herself wearing Hanfu.Thousands of comments and likes pour in onher channel as viewers find her videos ____43____(attract) and creative-mixing traditional culture____44____modern dance movements. The Hanfu market in China _____45_____ (estimate) to reach 12.54 billion yuan in 2022 and willlikely rise to 19.11 billion yuan in 2025, according to research firm iMedia Research. 请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母或中文的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致。 46. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely________(精神振作的).（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 47. UNESCO put together an international team of ________(建筑师)，engineers and heavyequipment operators to save the temples. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 48. Always regarded as a man of________(诚实正直)and honesty, the politician has won respectfrom the people nationwide. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 49. Though discouraged，I managed to force a weak smile,________(假装)to appreciate the results.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 50. A business person________(谈判)with a large enterprise about a deal should use formallanguage in a straightforward manner. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 51. He voted for the change and expected his colleagues to do l________（根据首字母单词拼写） 52. Production at the factory was i________for two hours because of power failure. （根据首字母单词拼写） 53. To apply for UNESCO World Heritage status, the three countries jointly s________ a proposal containing detailed research. （根据首字母单词拼写） 54. The thief burst into tears, begging the owner for f________ and swearing to pay back everything he had stolen. （根据首字母单词拼写） 55. Declaring that he was o________ to cloning humans, he ordered funds not be used for suchan experiment. （根据首字母单词拼写） 2.（江苏省常熟中学2022-2023学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During this year’s Spring Festival holiday, the county of Tangyin in Henan province welcomed an increased number of tourists, many of ____36____came to pay respects to Yue Fei, a Song Dynasty national hero. The tourist surge was attributed to the success of Full River Red, a domestic film released during the holiday. By Jan 27, the last day of the holiday, the film____37____(generate) a huge total box office income of about 2.6 billion yuan, ranking first in the holiday box office chart. The historical drama, eponymous (同名的) with a well-known lyrical poem by Yue Fei, was directed by famous Chinese director Zhang Yimou.____38____(it) plot centers around a series of events surrounding Yue’s death. Many viewers were moved to tears by the ending of the movie,____39____(feature) thousands of soldiers reciting the lyrical poem in concert ____40____(passionate). The film’s popularity aroused public admiration ____41____Yue, who bravely fought battles against the Jin Dynasty and was celebrated for his____42____(loyal) and courage. One of the film’s____43____(intention) is to illustrate and highlight Yue Fei’s spirit. In ____44____article posted on China’s leading film rating platform Douban, Chen Yu, the film’s screenwriter, wrote that Yue’s lyrical poem contains a kind of culture or emotion ____45____(share) by all Chinese people. 请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母或中文的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，意保持语义和形式的一致，每空填一个单词。 46. The splendid transition of New Oriental (新东方) gives us an e________ lesson: Reading does broaden a person’s horizon.（根据首字母单词拼写） 47. As you know, the ________ (进化) of any species is largely influenced by its interactions with other species. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 48. Pictures can ________ (捕捉) brief moments but they can also tell great stories. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. I believe that only by doing so can we better ourselves in every aspect of our life. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is a________ us because technology makes our life rich and colorful. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. China ________ (拥有) the world’s longest and most extensively used HSR network, and is rightly considered the world leader in HSR construction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. C________ a positive mental attitude towards yourself can reap tremendous benefits. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. It takes strength to persist in the face of o________, when it would be much easier to simply give up. （根据首字母单词拼写） 53. C________ the fear and concentrating on what you are doing—that’s where the biggest joy comes from. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. We will promote high-quality ________ (合作) under the Belt and Road Initiative. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. ________(成熟) is learning to walk away from people and situation that threaten your peace of mind, self-respect, values, morals or self-worth. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 3.（江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Book of Changes, or Zhouyi in Chinese, is one of the ancient Chinese classics with ___56___ (emphasize) on the essential nature of changes.It is believed that Zhouyi originated from Fuxi, and further sublimed by Confucius and his disciples (门徒). Legend goes that King Wen of Zhou was a very wise and able king,who attracted many like-minded people ___57___(join) him.So he was envied by the tyrannical king of the Shang Dynasty, who put him into prison. During this seven years of hard time,King Wen of Zhou___58___ (insist) on studying truth left by Fuxi and created Zhouyi ___59___ virtue of his persistent spirit. In ancient times, people ___60___(awe) by natural disasters or accidents for “unknown reasons.” So they always referred to Zhouyi to explain these complex phenomena. When divining, they also turned to the auguries (占卜)___61___ (describe) in Zhouyi for inspiration. The discovery of one of the earliest copies of Zhouyi in 1973 proved Confucius’s contribution to Zhouyi, ___62___the fact that Zhouyi is much more valuable than just ___63___ book for divination. According to traditions, Confucius and his disciples made great efforts to compile and interpret the book in commentaries known as the Ten Wings, ___64___made up the other part of Zhouyi. The Ten Wings made Zhouyi much ____65____(easy) for ordinary people at the time to understand and are still used today. 提升专练 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 假如你是高二学生李华，你校学生会近期要为即将参加高考的高三学子举行加油仪式(a pep rally)，现征集活动创意。请你给学生会写一封信表达对于活动的建议，内容包括： 1．写信目； 2．活动建议； 3．期待和祝福。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To whom it may concern, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分20分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My lucky bamboo My wife Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. But after my diagnosis (诊断) with a brain cancer, I loved the idea of havingsomething new and green around. My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green container. We placed the plant in the living room window across from the sofa where I spent much of the day. I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself. When it didn’t immediately turn yellow or brown or lose all its leaves, I was pleasantly surprised. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time when I sometimes felt useless. The cancer limited my ability to walk, and the treatment left me worn out, making it hard for me to accomplish everyday tasks. As a family physician, I was used to being the one who provided care, not the one who received it. Since my diagnosis, it seemed that I had to rely on help from other people. The enormous change left me feeling unsettled. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver. Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and completed treatment afterwards. Even after I returned to work, I continued to care for the plant. Soon, it had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were shiny. Both the tree and I were thriving(茁壮成长). Then, surprisingly, it began to show signs of stress. I increased my watering. I fed it commercial plant food. No matter what I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping to the floor. I grew more and more discouraged and uneasy. “I can’t even care for a simple plant!” I yelled. “I’m failing!”Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before. She asked me why I was getting so worked up about this particular one. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “If my lucky bamboo dies,” I said, “I might die too!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________ As my anxiety decreased, I began to dig into online courses to help me figure out how to care for my ailing (状况不佳的) plant. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$