精品解析：北京市西城区第三十一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中测试英语试卷

北京市第三十一中学2023—2024学年度第二学期 高二英语期中考试试题 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分140分） 第一部分（共80分） I. 听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节：（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分） 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1 What will the weather be like on Saturday? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 2. How will the man exercise? A. Walk. B. Play football. C. Jog. 3. What will the speakers do on Sunday afternoon? A. Make a new pizza. B. Do some gardening. C. Attend a book-launch event. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A kind of food. B. A close relative. C. A new restaurant. 第二节:（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分） 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What will the woman buy for her daughter? A. A hat. B. A school bag. C. A set of dishes. 6. Which floor will the woman go to first? A. The second floor. B. The third floor. C. The sixth floor. 听第6段材料 ，回答第7至第8小题。 7. Where are the speakers? A. In the mountains. B. At the airport. C. On a plane. 8. How does the man feel about his trip? A. Sad. B. Nervous. C. Interested. 听第7段材料 ，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What is the man? A. A travel agent. B. A TV host. C. A marketing manager. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The woman’s volunteer experiences. B The woman’s career plans. C. The woman’s travel stories. 第三节：（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 请将本题答案填写在答题纸相应位置！ How to Improve Communication with Your Parents Make time to have 11 conversations. ●Talk to your parents about your everyday life. ● 12 them to share how their day went or what they are working on. ●Call them at least three times a week or video chat frequently. Be open and 13 . ● If an issue is important to you, bring it up. ●Avoid getting trapped in the blame game. ●Allow time for them to respond and share how they feel. Use some techniques to facilitate difficult conversations. ●Take a 14 ●Listen to your parents’ needs or wants. ●Express your 15 II. 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，共10分） After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even ____1____ things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, ____2____, all that changed when I was given the ____3____ to test a new robotic hand. Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs(四肢) has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and ____4____ very small things, like pens and pencils. More ____5____, my robotic hand is capable of____6____varying degrees of pressure, just like a ____7____ hand. Over the past three months I have been testing out the ____8____ of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more ____9____ when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so _____10_____ for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up. 1. A. strange B. simple C. interesting D. important 2. A. however B. instead C. thus D. moreover 3. A. space B. power C. chance D. method 4. A. grasp B. draw C. balance D. afford 5. A. casually B. amazingly C. obviously D. seriously 6. A. examining B. touching C. reaching D. feeling 7. A. new B. real C. special D. strong 8. A. limits B. ways C. rules D. behaviors 9. A. curious B. energetic C. confident D. anxious 10. A. suitable B. regretful C. responsible D. grateful Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Since 1993, Chicken Soup for the Soul has been a company that combines storytelling with making the world a better place. We tell the stories of all people through our efforts, always with an eye to furthering unity and understanding, and an appreciation for our differences. Our Products Books: At Chicken Soup for the Soul, we receive thousands of stories every year for our books. These stories are the foundation of everything we do. They have inspired our other products and established the values we run our company by. With these stories, our publisher puts out about a dozen new titles every year. Click here to see our over 250 books. Pet Food: We’re also inspired by the thousands of stories we receive about the love between pets and people. These stories show that every moment matters between an owner and a pet. Our great pet foods are meant to help you turn your own moments into stories. To learn more about our pet foods, click here. TV and Movies: Stories can be told in a variety of ways and today we’re branching out to what we call “visual storytelling.” Our first regular TV show aired weekly beginning October 2015 and our first Chicken Soup for the Soul feature film came out in 2016. Apps: Chicken Soup for the Soul stories have inspired us and we’re sure they will inspire you, too. Our apps allow you to bring stories with you on the go and share them with friends and family. Facts & Figures • The Chicken Soup for the Soul book series of over 250 titles has sold more than 110 million copies nationwide. Our books have been translated into 43 languages, have been published in over 100 countries, and have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide. • In 2004, Chicken Soup for the Soul launched Pet Food, Chicken Soup for the Pet Lover’s Soul, which today can be found in over 5,000 independent pet specialty stores. • In 2008, Chicken Soup for the Soul became the best-selling trade paperback series of all time. • In 2013 Kerner Entertainment agreed to produce a film based on Chicken Soup for the Soul. 11. From the passage we can know that Pet Food is ________ . A. a kind of food sold in pet specialty stores B. a set of recipe books for pet owners C. a series of stories between pets and people D. a sort of value delivered by the pet lovers 12. The “facts & figures” shows that Chicken Soup for the Soul________. A. has achieved worldwide success B. has experienced ups and downs C. has developed into a film company D. has made the world a better place 13. We probably find this passage________. A. on the Internet B. on a poster C. in a travelling guide D. in a science report B Open water swimming I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge. Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners — which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race. I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through a preparation area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake. We’d been warned that the first 100 meters would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. Finally, I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there — still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter — the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m attracted and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim. 14. How did the author feel before the race? A. Scared of the most challenging race. B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions. C. Determined to be as tough as the people around her. D. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race. 15. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2? A. To stress the importance of the race. B. To praise the experienced swimmers. C. To introduce the various events of the race. D. To show the wide range of the participants. 16. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ________. A. the race would cause breathing problems B. the race became harder than she had expected C. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice D. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims 17. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph? A. Her confidence in her own ability. B. Her pride in having swum so quickly. C. Her surprise at having managed to finish. D. Her eagerness to repeat the experience. C Every year migratory(迁徙的) bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago. In a study, scientists at Rothamsted Research, an agricultural laboratory in England, used radar data from 160 U.S. weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017. They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner. They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering(过冬) at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico. Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats’ annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says. A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana, published last year, found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times—likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change. Joy O’Keefe, a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats(栖息地) could expose these bats to cold snaps(寒流), and they could freeze to death. Joy O’Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns. Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles. If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups(幼崽) or skip reproduction altogether, O’Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. “Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success,” she says, adding that bats also “control significant disease vectors, such as mosquitoes.” However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier. They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration, but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction. And there are other complications. “Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track,” Stepanian says. “We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step.” 18. Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that _________. A. bats prefer colder weather B. bats delay their reproduction C. warming affects bat migration D. radar can be used to observe bats 19. Joy O’Keefe discovered that _________. A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasons B. bats’ earlier migration might harm farming C. insects’ reproduction helps to spread disease D. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier 20. What does the last paragraph want to tell us? A. Wind speed and direction affect bats. B. It is difficult to observe and track bats. C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier. D. Further research on the cause is necessary. 21. What is the best title for the passage? A. Bats’ habitats B. Endangered bats C. Bats’ schedule D. Bats, our good friends D Don’t put it off, do it now! Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else. “We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people can’t see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is obvious when you look at the couples who don’t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people who simply go for a run instead of endlessly rescheduling it in their heads. Of course, there are the rest of us, who feel the small jobs piling up around us daily. “We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are not set up to appreciate long-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit of a four-year degree, doing exercise or dieting. We usually feel the cost now and the reward comes much later.” According to Dr. Steel, we have two decision-making systems. They are the limbic, which is responsible for the short term, and the prefrontal cortex, which deals with the future. We bounce between long-term goals and short-term temptations, so we need goals that will translate our plans for the limbic system. Let’s take the example of students’ writing essays. They should set themselves targets and word counts per day. These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do — telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so. Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward. 22 What does the author say about procrastination in Paragraph 1? A. It is caused by the technology in people’s life. B. It is more common when people have small jobs to do. C. It is something many people can’t avoid. D. It is an excuse people often use in public. 23. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that people who procrastinate should________. A. be aware that their problem is relatively small B. find out more about the way they make decisions C. attempt to overcome their natural tendencies D. take the advice of others in the same situation 24. Why does Dr. Steel recommend making “pre-commitments” in Paragraph 4? A. They are an effective way of impressing others. B. They allow people to achieve their aims sooner. C. They are an alternative to impossible goals. D. They make challenges feel more manageable. 25. The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph intends to________. A. Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized. B. Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task. C. Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively. D. Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Online courses are an excellent way for busy people. ____26____ You might have a full time job with a busy schedule and need to study at irregular times. You might want to benefit from the quality of education in another country. In this article you will learn about what it takes to succeed in online courses. ____27____ Time management is an important skill to develop. First, calculate how much time you will need to study every day. Then, allot (分配) a specific time in your schedule for studying. If you are busy during the day, then separate a few hours at night for studies. If you do not arrange study time, chances are you will not get any. Then the good place to study can be different from student to student. Some prefer to study in complete silence. Others need some kind of soft music around them to concentrate. ____28____ It can be easy to get distracted when it is time to study. One of the most common mistakes students of online courses make is leaving their chat and email accounts open while studying. ____29____ If you leave the door open for distraction it will come in and make itself at home. In conclusion, it takes hard work and concentration to succeed in online courses. ____30____ The more effort you put into learning the course material, the better equipped you will be to succeed in your professional career. A. Online courses may not be a good choice for you. B. There are many reasons you might want to take online courses. C. In order to succeed in online learning, you have to have some specific skills. D. Remember online courses are designed to give you the knowledge to succeed. E. The secret to succeeding in online courses is learning how to manage your time. F. This may seem like a small distraction, but it can end up wasting a lot of your time. G. For the most part, a quiet room away from your busy and noisy home or office is recommended. 第二部分 （共60分） 请将本部分答案填写在答题纸相应位置 I. 语法填空（共14小题；每小题1分，共14分） A 31. ________ by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. (frighten) (所给词适当形式填空) 32. Their flight ________ due to bad weather yesterday afternoon.(delay) (所给词的适当形式填空) 33. Over the past few decades, using chemical fertilizers ________ very common in farming. (become) (所给词的适当形式填空) 34. Not ________ what to do, he went to his parents for help. (know) (所给词的适当形式填空) 35. The new school year in China usually ____ (begin) on the first day of September. 36. It was dark at that moment but some children ________ around instead of going home. (wander) (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. When Anna got downstairs, she realized that she _______(leave) her car keys in her office. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. Your idea sounds ________, so most of us will agree with you. (reason) (所给词的适当形式填空) B 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Joe is a digital native ____39____ has been using the internet since he was a child. ____40____ (surf) the internet is definitely a big part of his life. He thinks online shopping is so convenient ____41____ he can save much time and energy in daily life. But his parents hold different ideas. They keep telling me to go out with school friends, not just on social media. C 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Li Ying is a go-getter, who likes setting goals for ____42____ (she). She always says, “When I set out to do something, I do my best ____43____ (achieve) it.” Biology is her favourite subject, and her target is to prepare herself for her degree at university. She is always attentive in classes and thinks ____44____ (active). Ⅱ. 选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分） 用方框中单词或短语的适当形式完成下列句子 ，每个单词或短语只能用一次。 locate, remain, amaze, qualify, impress, desperate, capable. 45. We were ________, shocked, shaking our heads in disbelief. 46. The reader should seek the services of a________ professional for such advice. 47. He didn’t eat anything for the whole day so he stole the money in ________ 48. The film’s special effects are particularly ________ 49. The company has the ________ to change to meet market needs. 50. It’s not clear who controls the ________ 10% of the money. 51. The rescue team eventually ________ the missing boy in the forest. Ⅲ. 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第67、68题各2分，第69题3分，第70题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are. According to Dr. Crabtree, human intelligence may have actually mounted to the top more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then it has been going downhill. Dr. Crabtree states that genetic mutations (基因变异) during the past several thousands of years are causing a decrease in overall human intellectual and emotional fitness. At the heart of Crabtree’s thinking is a simple idea. Our bodies choose what genes we decide to keep and pass on what will most likely benefit our children. The study explains how our body decides to keep those traits that make us most healthy and most immune, not the ones that make us most intelligent. So since we need to be healthy but possibly not as smart, we start to lose the genes that make us smart. There are other scientists that seem to agree with Dr. Crabtree. Ray Williams, from MIT, carried out a survey of general knowledge among public school students in his study. The data showed that 77% of the students didn’t know who was the first president of America and 18% of the Americans still believed that the sun goes around the earth. So Dr. Crabtree’s idea that people could be getting stupider could be factual. However, not everyone believes in Crabtree’s theory. James Flynn, the author of Are We Getting Smarter, argues that human mental abilities have grown, because we are learning what possibilities are open to us and have developed a wider variety of intelligence. “You wouldn’t get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago,” Thomas Hills, another opponent from the University of Warwick, says, “But now we have people of his intelligent level doing things and making insights that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation.” 52. What does Dr. Crabtree believe about human intelligence? 53. How did Ray Williams prove Dr. Crabtree’s theory to be true? 54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. People who question Dr. Crabtree’s theory believe that people today have similar intelligence to people in ancient times. 55. Are you for or against Dr. Crabtree’s belief on human intelligence? Explain your reasons. In about 40 words) 第二节（20分） 56. 假定你是李华，你所在的社区图书馆正在招聘暑期志愿者。请写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 能做的事情。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市第三十一中学2023—2024学年度第二学期 高二英语期中考试试题 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分140分） 第一部分（共80分） I. 听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节：（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分） 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the weather be like on Saturday? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 2. How will the man exercise? A. Walk. B. Play football. C. Jog. 3. What will the speakers do on Sunday afternoon? A. Make a new pizza. B. Do some gardening. C. Attend a book-launch event. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A kind of food. B. A close relative. C. A new restaurant. 第二节:（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分） 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What will the woman buy for her daughter? A. A hat. B. A school bag. C. A set of dishes. 6. Which floor will the woman go to first? A. The second floor. B. The third floor. C. The sixth floor. 听第6段材料 ，回答第7至第8小题。 7. Where are the speakers? A. In the mountains. B. At the airport. C. On a plane. 8. How does the man feel about his trip? A. Sad. B. Nervous. C. Interested. 听第7段材料 ，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What is the man? A. A travel agent. B. A TV host. C. A marketing manager. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The woman’s volunteer experiences. B. The woman’s career plans. C. The woman’s travel stories. 第三节：（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 请将本题答案填写在答题纸相应位置！ How to Improve Communication with Your Parents Make time to have 11 conversations. ●Talk to your parents about your everyday life. ● 12 them to share how their day went or what they are working on. ●Call them at least three times a week or video chat frequently. Be open and 13 . ● If an issue is important to you, bring it up. ●Avoid getting trapped in the blame game. ●Allow time for them to respond and share how they feel. Use some techniques to facilitate difficult conversations. ●Take a 14 ●Listen to your parents’ needs or wants. ●Express your 15 II. 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，共10分） After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even ____1____ things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, ____2____, all that changed when I was given the ____3____ to test a new robotic hand. Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs(四肢) has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and ____4____ very small things, like pens and pencils. More ____5____, my robotic hand is capable of____6____varying degrees of pressure, just like a ____7____ hand. Over the past three months I have been testing out the ____8____ of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more ____9____ when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so _____10_____ for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up. 1. A. strange B. simple C. interesting D. important 2. A. however B. instead C. thus D. moreover 3. A. space B. power C. chance D. method 4. A. grasp B. draw C. balance D. afford 5. A. casually B. amazingly C. obviously D. seriously 6. A. examining B. touching C. reaching D. feeling 7 A. new B. real C. special D. strong 8. A. limits B. ways C. rules D. behaviors 9. A. curious B. energetic C. confident D. anxious 10. A. suitable B. regretful C. responsible D. grateful 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次车祸中失去了右手，刚开始装备的假手不是很好用，后来，作者有机会测试一种新的机械手，他感觉就像是用真手一样，增加了自信，并且感激机械手为自己打开了所有新的可能性。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：甚至像穿衣服这样简单的事情都难以置信的困难。A. strange奇怪的；B. simple简单的；C. interesting有趣的；D. important重要的。根据“like getting dressed”可知，穿衣服是很简单的事。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，三个月前，当我有机会测试一种新的机械手时，一切都改变了。A. however然而；B. instead代替，反而；C. thus因此；D. moreover此外。根据上文“Even ____1____ things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult.”可知，甚至像穿衣服这样简单的事情都难以置信的困难，而下文中又提到“一切都改变了”，由此可知，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. space空间；B. power权力，力量；C. chance机会；D. method方法。根据“to test a new robotic hand.”可知，作者得到了一个测试机械手的机会。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这只新手，我可以移动我的手指，抓住非常小的东西，比如钢笔和铅笔。A. grasp理解，抓住；B. draw画画；C. balance平衡；D. afford付得起。根据“like pens and pencils”可知，这只机械手可以帮助作者抓住像钢笔和铅笔这种小东西。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像一只真正的手一样。A. casually随意地；B. amazingly令人惊讶地；C. obviously明显地；D. seriously严重地。根据“it constantly surprises me”可知，这只机械手的功能让作者感到惊讶。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. examining检查；B. touching接触；C. reaching到达；D. feeling感觉。根据“varying degrees of pressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力。故选D。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. new新的；B. real真正的；C. special特别的；D. strong强壮的。根据“More ____5____, my robotic hand is capable of____6____varying degrees of pressure”可知，机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力，就像真正的手一样。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，我一直在测试我的新手的极限，它不断地让我惊讶。A. limits限制；B. ways方法；C. rules规则；D. behaviors行为。根据“I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand.”可知，作者一直在测试新手的极限，最后重获了以前的爱好。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅可以做得更多，而且当我和朋友出去玩的时候，我也会感到更自信。A. curious好奇的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. confident自信的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据“just like a ____7____ hand.”可知，感觉自己的机械手像真的手一样，作者恢复了自信。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我很感激我的机械手为我打开了所有新的可能性。A. suitable合适的；B. regretful后悔的；C. responsible负责任的；D. grateful感激的。根据“all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up”可知，作者为机械手给自己生活带来的新的可能性表示感谢。故选D。 Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Since 1993, Chicken Soup for the Soul has been a company that combines storytelling with making the world a better place. We tell the stories of all people through our efforts, always with an eye to furthering unity and understanding, and an appreciation for our differences. Our Products Books: At Chicken Soup for the Soul, we receive thousands of stories every year for our books. These stories are the foundation of everything we do. They have inspired our other products and established the values we run our company by. With these stories, our publisher puts out about a dozen new titles every year. Click here to see our over 250 books. Pet Food: We’re also inspired by the thousands of stories we receive about the love between pets and people. These stories show that every moment matters between an owner and a pet. Our great pet foods are meant to help you turn your own moments into stories. To learn more about our pet foods, click here. TV and Movies: Stories can be told in a variety of ways and today we’re branching out to what we call “visual storytelling.” Our first regular TV show aired weekly beginning October 2015 and our first Chicken Soup for the Soul feature film came out in 2016. Apps: Chicken Soup for the Soul stories have inspired us and we’re sure they will inspire you, too. Our apps allow you to bring stories with you on the go and share them with friends and family. Facts & Figures • The Chicken Soup for the Soul book series of over 250 titles has sold more than 110 million copies nationwide. Our books have been translated into 43 languages, have been published in over 100 countries, and have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide. • In 2004, Chicken Soup for the Soul launched Pet Food, Chicken Soup for the Pet Lover’s Soul, which today can be found in over 5,000 independent pet specialty stores. • In 2008, Chicken Soup for the Soul became the best-selling trade paperback series of all time. • In 2013 Kerner Entertainment agreed to produce a film based on Chicken Soup for the Soul. 11. From the passage we can know that Pet Food is ________ . A. a kind of food sold in pet specialty stores B. a set of recipe books for pet owners C. a series of stories between pets and people D. a sort of value delivered by the pet lovers 12. The “facts & figures” shows that Chicken Soup for the Soul________. A. has achieved worldwide success B. has experienced ups and downs C. has developed into a film company D. has made the world a better place 13. We probably find this passage________. A. on the Internet B. on a poster C. in a travelling guide D. in a science report 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“心灵鸡汤”的产品以及所取得的成就。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pet Food中的“We’re also inspired by the thousands of stories we receive about the love between pets and people.(我们也从我们收到的关于宠物和人之间的爱的成千上万的故事中得到了启发)”可知，Pet Food是一系列的宠物和人之间的故事。故选C项。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据Facts & Figures中的“The Chicken Soup for the Soul book series of over 250 titles has sold more than 110 million copies nationwide. Our books have been translated into 43 languages, have been published in over 100 countries, and have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide.(《心灵鸡汤》系列丛书超过250种，在全国售出超过1.1亿册。我们的书已被翻译成43种语言，在100多个国家出版，在全球售出超过5亿册)”以及后面一系列数据和所获得的成就可推知，“心灵鸡汤”已经在世界范围内取得了成功。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中“Click here to see our over 250 books.(点击这里查看我们超过250本书)”和“To learn more about our pet foods, click here. (要了解更多关于我们的宠物食品，请点击这里)”等信息可推知，我们可能在网上找到该文章。故选A项。 B Open water swimming I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge. Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners — which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race. I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through a preparation area, a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake. We’d been warned that the first 100 meters would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. Finally, I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there — still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter — the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m attracted and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim. 14. How did the author feel before the race? A. Scared of the most challenging race. B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions. C. Determined to be as tough as the people around her. D. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race. 15. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2? A. To stress the importance of the race. B. To praise the experienced swimmers. C. To introduce the various events of the race. D. To show the wide range of the participants. 16. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ________. A. the race would cause breathing problems B. the race became harder than she had expected C. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice D. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims 17. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph? A. Her confidence in her own ability. B. Her pride in having swum so quickly. C. Her surprise at having managed to finish. D. Her eagerness to repeat the experience. 【答案】14. C 15. D 16. B 17. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线的故事。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.(但我和其他10000人即将完成挑战)”可推知，作者和其他人一样坚定地要完成这项运动。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners — which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.(似乎有一群开放水域爱好者和完全的初学者，这正是游泳的目的，让尽可能多的人完成自己的挑战。参加比赛的年龄最大的女性是77岁，她参加了两英里的比赛，而去年一名男子参加了每一英里的比赛)”可推知，作者提及两人是为了说明该比赛参与者范围很广。故选D项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful.(我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛)”可推知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难。故选B项。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’m attracted and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.(我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名)”可知，作者在最后一段谈到了她渴望重复这段经历。故选D项。 C Every year migratory(迁徙的) bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago. In a study, scientists at Rothamsted Research, an agricultural laboratory in England, used radar data from 160 U.S. weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017. They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner. They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering(过冬) at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico. Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats’ annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says. A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana, published last year, found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times—likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change. Joy O’Keefe, a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats(栖息地) could expose these bats to cold snaps(寒流), and they could freeze to death. Joy O’Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns. Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles. If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups(幼崽) or skip reproduction altogether, O’Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. “Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success,” she says, adding that bats also “control significant disease vectors, such as mosquitoes.” However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier. They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration, but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction. And there are other complications. “Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track,” Stepanian says. “We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step.” 18. Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that _________. A. bats prefer colder weather B bats delay their reproduction C. warming affects bat migration D. radar can be used to observe bats 19. Joy O’Keefe discovered that _________. A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasons B. bats’ earlier migration might harm farming C. insects’ reproduction helps to spread disease D. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier 20. What does the last paragraph want to tell us? A. Wind speed and direction affect bats. B. It is difficult to observe and track bats. C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier. D. Further research on the cause is necessary. 21. What is the best title for the passage? A. Bats’ habitats B. Endangered bats C. Bats’ schedule D. Bats, our good friends 【答案】18. C 19. B 20. D 21. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章先提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats’ annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says.（罗斯泰德的生物学家菲利普·斯捷潘尼安说，越冬是气温升高改变蝙蝠年度节律的一个标志）可知，蝙蝠越冬的方式是一个迹象，这表明了气温上升改变了它们每年的迁徙规律。故选C。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups(幼崽) or skip reproduction altogether, O’Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. “Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success,” she says（奥基夫说，如果蝙蝠来得太早，无法从夏季降雨和由此产生的大量昆虫中获益，它们可能难以喂养幼崽，或者完全跳过繁殖。她担心这种转变可能会导致中西部蝙蝠走向灭绝，这对人类来说是个坏消息。“蝙蝠数量的减少可能对作物的成功产生严重影响，”她说）可知，蝙蝠过早地迁徙会因为缺少食物，导致喂养幼仔的困难，或者跳过繁殖期，这将导致蝙蝠数量减少，害虫增加，从而对农作物产生影响。由此可知，乔伊·奥基夫发现，蝙蝠过早的迁徙可能会危害农业。故选B。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier.（然而，科学家们还不能确定仅仅是气候变化就导致了蕨类洞穴蝙蝠群落更早的迁徙）及“Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track,” Stepanian says. “We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step.”（斯捷潘尼安说：“蝙蝠是神秘的小动物，大多在夜间活动，很难观察和追踪。”。“我们对可能发生的事情有一个概念性的描述，但真正将其与原因联系起来还需要进一步的研究。”）可推知，对蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因还需要进一步的研究。故选D。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。作者通过第一段中的But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago.（但是蝙蝠出现的时间比20年前要早得多）提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因。由此可知，本文主要围绕蝙蝠的迁徙时间变化展开介绍分析。由此可知，C项Bats’ schedule（蝙蝠迁移时间表）适合做本文最佳标题。故选C． D Don’t put it off, do it now! Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else. “We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people can’t see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is obvious when you look at the couples who don’t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people who simply go for a run instead of endlessly rescheduling it in their heads. Of course, there are the rest of us, who feel the small jobs piling up around us daily. “We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are not set up to appreciate long-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit of a four-year degree, doing exercise or dieting. We usually feel the cost now and the reward comes much later.” According to Dr. Steel, we have two decision-making systems. They are the limbic, which is responsible for the short term, and the prefrontal cortex, which deals with the future. We bounce between long-term goals and short-term temptations, so we need goals that will translate our plans for the limbic system. Let’s take the example of students’ writing essays. They should set themselves targets and word counts per day. These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do — telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so. Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward. 22. What does the author say about procrastination in Paragraph 1? A. It is caused by the technology in people’s life. B. It is more common when people have small jobs to do. C. It is something many people can’t avoid. D. It is an excuse people often use in public. 23. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that people who procrastinate should________. A. be aware that their problem is relatively small B. find out more about the way they make decisions C. attempt to overcome their natural tendencies D. take the advice of others in the same situation 24. Why does Dr. Steel recommend making “pre-commitments” in Paragraph 4? A. They are an effective way of impressing others. B. They allow people to achieve their aims sooner. C. They are an alternative to impossible goals. D. They make challenges feel more manageable. 25. The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph intends to________. A. Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized. B. Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task. C. Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively. D. Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly. 【答案】22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了拖延时间的人应该努力克服自己这个毛病。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else.(拖延，也就是所谓的将事情往后拖，是我们与生俱来的天性，我们会避免枯燥或者困难的工作，直到做其他事情都为时已晚。)”可知，拖延是我们与生俱来的天性，是很多人无法避免的。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. (斯蒂尔博士补充说:“我们已经进化到能够对当下做出反应，在一个不确定的世界里，我们不会把目光放得太远。”)”可知，Steel博士认为，我们已经进化到能够对当下做出反应，而不是把目光放得长远，这说明拖延是人们的天性，由此可以推断出，Steel博士认为那些拖延的人应该试图克服他们的天性，故选C。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do — telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so.(斯蒂尔博士推荐这样的技巧，或者说是“预先承诺”，他补充说，在“最后期限”前留出一个月会让你更有可能完成一项任务。这样做的好处是，你可以避免因为没有跟进别人期望你做的事情而感到尴尬——比如说，告诉别人你要去慢跑，你会更有可能去慢跑。)”可推知，Steel博士在第四段提到“预先承诺”，是因为这让你留出时间来完成任务，即让你的挑战更加易于管理，故选D。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句子“Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself(克服拖延症最终归结为计划，如果你不小心，它本身就变成了拖延症。)”可知，克服拖延症就是要制定计划，下文“But it is worth making sure you have everything in place...Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward.(但是确保一切就绪是值得的......相反，为拖延制定计划: 通过减少那些阻止你集中注意力的因素，让你的工作环境成为生产力的殿堂，这样你才能真正集中精力向前迈进。)”提到制定计划是值得的，但是在制定计划时，要克服一些分散你注意力的事情，由此可推知，划线句子“克服拖延症最终归结为计划，如果你不小心，它本身就变成了拖延症。”指的是虽然制定计划是值得的，但是在制定计划时要小心，克服那些分散你注意力的事，不要花太长时间去做计划，所以划线句子意在警告读者不要花太长时间去做计划，故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Online courses are an excellent way for busy people. ____26____ You might have a full time job with a busy schedule and need to study at irregular times. You might want to benefit from the quality of education in another country. In this article you will learn about what it takes to succeed in online courses. ____27____ Time management is an important skill to develop. First, calculate how much time you will need to study every day. Then, allot (分配) a specific time in your schedule for studying. If you are busy during the day, then separate a few hours at night for studies. If you do not arrange study time, chances are you will not get any. Then, the good place to study can be different from student to student. Some prefer to study in complete silence. Others need some kind of soft music around them to concentrate. ____28____ It can be easy to get distracted when it is time to study. One of the most common mistakes students of online courses make is leaving their chat and email accounts open while studying. ____29____ If you leave the door open for distraction it will come in and make itself at home. In conclusion, it takes hard work and concentration to succeed in online courses. ____30____ The more effort you put into learning the course material, the better equipped you will be to succeed in your professional career. A. Online courses may not be a good choice for you. B. There are many reasons you might want to take online courses. C. In order to succeed in online learning, you have to have some specific skills. D. Remember online courses are designed to give you the knowledge to succeed. E. The secret to succeeding in online courses is learning how to manage your time. F. This may seem like a small distraction, but it can end up wasting a lot of your time. G. For the most part, a quiet room away from your busy and noisy home or office is recommended. 【答案】26. B 27. E 28. G 29. F 30. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了上网课的理由以及如何能更有效率地上网课。 【26题详解】 根据空后“You might have a full time job with a busy schedule and need to study at irregular times. You might want to benefit from the quality of education in another country（你可能有较忙的全职工作，需要在不定期的时候学习；你也许想要从其他国家的素质教育中收获一些东西）”可知，空后都在讲你进行网上学习的理由，故此空B项“有很多原因导致你想要上网课”符合，故选B项。 【27题详解】 根据空后“Time management is an important skill to develop（时间管理是要培养的一项重要的技能）”可知，此空是本段的主旨句，主要介绍有效学习网上课程的其中一个技巧——时间管理，故E项“上网课成功的秘诀在于学会如何管理时间”符合，故选E项。 【28题详解】 根据空前“Some prefer to study in complete silence. Others need some kind of soft music around them to concentrate（一些人喜欢在完全安静的氛围下学习，另一些需要播放一些轻音乐来让自己集中注意力）”可知，G项“一般来讲，远离你繁忙、吵闹的家或者办公室的一间安静的房间是比较合理的”是前文的顺义承接，故选G项。 【29题详解】 根据空前“One of the most common mistakes students of online courses make is leaving their chat and email accounts open while studying（上网课最常见的错误就是，在学习的时候，将聊天窗口和电子邮件账户打开）”可知，这会导致你的注意力不集中，从而造成浪费时间，故F项“这也许看起来是不太能让你分心的事，但它最终却会浪费你很多时间”符合，说明空前将聊天窗口和电子邮件账户打开带来的后果，故选F项。 【30题详解】 根据空后“The more effort you put into learning the course material, the better equipped you will be to succeed in your professional career（你投入到学习课程的精力越多，你就为专业课的成功准备得越好）”可知，此处表示网课是让你学习专业课的知识，学到的知识也多，专业课也就越能成功，故D项“记住，上网课是为了提供你成功的知识”解释上网课是为了学到知识，承接后文投入越多，学得越好，故选D项。 第二部分 （共60分） 请将本部分答案填写在答题纸相应位置 I. 语法填空（共14小题；每小题1分，共14分） A 31. ________ by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. (frighten) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Frightened 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个女孩被夜里噪音吓坏了，不敢在房间里睡觉。此空为非谓语动词作状语，frighten与逻辑主语the girl之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式frightened，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Frightened。 32. Their flight ________ due to bad weather yesterday afternoon.(delay) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was delayed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们的航班昨天下午因为天气不好而延误了。空处为谓语，结合yesterday afternoon可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，flight与delay构成被动关系，主语为单数，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was delayed。 33. Over the past few decades, using chemical fertilizers ________ very common in farming. (become) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has become 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，使用化肥在农业中已经变得非常普遍。由Over the past few decades可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语是动名词短语using chemical fertilizers，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是has become。故填has become。 34. Not ________ what to do, he went to his parents for help. (know) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】knowing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于不知如何是好，他向父母求助。空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语he与know构成主动关系，用现在分词。故填knowing。 35. The new school year in China usually ____ (begin) on the first day of September. 【答案】begins 【解析】 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：中国的新学年通常在九月的第一天开始。由“usually”可知，本句为一般现在时，所以谓语动词为begins。故填begins 。 36. It was dark at that moment but some children ________ around instead of going home. (wander) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were wandering 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：那时天已经黑了，但是一些孩子没有回家，而是在四处游荡。表示转折意义的but连接两个句子，所以此空为谓语动词，根据时间状语at that moment可知，此处应使用过去进行时，主语some children与wander之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were wandering。 37. When Anna got downstairs, she realized that she _______(leave) her car keys in her office. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had left 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当安娜下楼时，她意识到她把车钥匙忘在办公室了。根据句意，设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，“留”这个动作动作发生在主句动作realized之前，应用过去完成时，故填had left。 38. Your idea sounds ________, so most of us will agree with you. (reason) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reasonable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你的想法听起来很合理，所以我们大多数人都会同意你的看法。此空位于系动词sounds之后，所以应为形容词作表语，reason的形容词为reasonable意为“合理的”符合句意。故填reasonable。 B 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Joe is a digital native ____39____ has been using the internet since he was a child. ____40____ (surf) the internet is definitely a big part of his life. He thinks online shopping is so convenient ____41____ he can save much time and energy in daily life. But his parents hold different ideas. They keep telling me to go out with school friends, not just on social media. 【答案】39. who##that 40. Surfing 41. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Joe及其父母对于互联网和社交活动的不同看法。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Joe是个数字原住民，他从小就开始使用互联网。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词native是人，因此空格处用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。 【40题详解】 考查动名词。句意：上网绝对是他生活中很重要的一部分。空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Surfing。 【41题详解】 考查结果状语从句。句意：他认为网上购物很方便，可以节省很多日常生活中的时间和精力。根据语境可知，句子表示“他认为网上购物如此方便，以至于可以节省很多日常生活中的时间和精力”，so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，因此空格处用that，故填that。 C 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Li Ying is a go-getter, who likes setting goals for ____42____ (she). She always says, “When I set out to do something, I do my best ____43____ (achieve) it.” Biology is her favourite subject, and her target is to prepare herself for her degree at university. She is always attentive in classes and thinks ____44____ (active). 【答案】42. herself 43. to achieve 44. actively 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Li Ying的积极进取的性格和她在学业上的专注与热情。 【42题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：Li Ying是一个积极进取的人，她喜欢为自己设定目标。主语Li Ying和宾语she一致，空格处用反身代词作宾语，she的反身代词是herself，意为“她自己”，故填herself。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意：当我开始做某事时，我会尽我最大的努力去实现它。do one’s best to do是固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to achieve，故填to achieve。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：她上课总是很专心，思维活跃。空格处用副词actively修饰动词thinks，actively意为“活跃地”。故填actively。 Ⅱ. 选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分） 用方框中单词或短语的适当形式完成下列句子 ，每个单词或短语只能用一次。 locate, remain, amaze, qualify, impress, desperate, capable. 45. We were ________, shocked, shaking our heads in disbelief. 46. The reader should seek the services of a________ professional for such advice. 47. He didn’t eat anything for the whole day so he stole the money in ________ 48. The film’s special effects are particularly ________ 49. The company has the ________ to change to meet market needs. 50. It’s not clear who controls the ________ 10% of the money. 51. The rescue team eventually ________ the missing boy in the forest. 【答案】45. amazed 46. qualified 47. desperation 48. impressive 49 capability 50. remaining 51. located 【解析】 【导语】 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们惊讶、震惊，难以置信地摇头。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作表语， amaze表“使惊愕”，其形容词形式amazed表“吃惊的”，符合句意。故填amazed。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：读者应向合格的专业人士寻求此类建议。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语，qualify表“使合格”，为动词，其形容词形式qualified表“有资格的”，符合句意。故填qualified。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：他一整天都没吃东西，所以他绝望地偷了钱。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作介词后宾语，desperate表“绝望的”，为形容词，其名词形式desperation表“绝望”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填desperation。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这部电影的特效特别令人印象深刻。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语， impress表“给…留下深刻印象”，为动词，其形容词形式impressive，表“给人印象深刻的”，符合句意。故填impressive。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：公司有能力改变以满足市场需求。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，capable表“有能力的”，为形容词，其名词形式capability，且the capability to 表“...的能力” ，为固定搭配，符合句意。故填capability。 【50题详解】 考查形容词。句意：目前还不清楚谁控制着剩余10%的资金。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，remain表“仍然”，为动词，其形容词形式为remaining表“剩下的”，符合句意。故填remaining。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：救援队最终在森林中找到了失踪的男孩。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，locate表“定位”，为动词，且这里时态可用一般过去时，表过去发生的动作。故填located。 Ⅲ. 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第67、68题各2分，第69题3分，第70题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are. According to Dr. Crabtree, human intelligence may have actually mounted to the top more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then it has been going downhill. Dr. Crabtree states that genetic mutations (基因变异) during the past several thousands of years are causing a decrease in overall human intellectual and emotional fitness. At the heart of Crabtree’s thinking is a simple idea. Our bodies choose what genes we decide to keep and pass on what will most likely benefit our children. The study explains how our body decides to keep those traits that make us most healthy and most immune, not the ones that make us most intelligent. So since we need to be healthy but possibly not as smart, we start to lose the genes that make us smart. There are other scientists that seem to agree with Dr. Crabtree. Ray Williams, from MIT, carried out a survey of general knowledge among public school students in his study. The data showed that 77% of the students didn’t know who was the first president of America and 18% of the Americans still believed that the sun goes around the earth. So Dr. Crabtree’s idea that people could be getting stupider could be factual. However, not everyone believes in Crabtree’s theory. James Flynn, the author of Are We Getting Smarter, argues that human mental abilities have grown, because we are learning what possibilities are open to us and have developed a wider variety of intelligence. “You wouldn’t get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago,” Thomas Hills, another opponent from the University of Warwick, says, “But now we have people of his intelligent level doing things and making insights that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation.” 52. What does Dr. Crabtree believe about human intelligence? 53. How did Ray Williams prove Dr. Crabtree’s theory to be true? 54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. People who question Dr. Crabtree’s theory believe that people today have similar intelligence to people in ancient times. 55. Are you for or against Dr. Crabtree’s belief on human intelligence? Explain your reasons. In about 40 words) 【答案】52. Human intelligence has been going downhill since 2000 years ago. 53. By carrying out a survey and providing data. 54. People who question Dr. Crabtree’s theory believe that people today have similar intelligence to people in ancient times. According to the author, people who question Dr. Crabtree’s theory believe that people today have a wider variety of intelligence than people in ancient times. 55. (1) I don’t agree with Dr. Crabtree’s belief. Since 2,000 years ago, the society has developed from the primitive to advanced. If human intelligence had gone downhill, there would be no inventions which promote the social and technological development. (2) I support Dr. Crabtree’s theory. Our ancient ancestors created fabulous inventions, like Chinese four great inventions, and these inventions greatly promote the world civilization. People continue to evolve on the achievements of our ancestors. Now people increasingly rely on technology and it hurts our intelligence by decreasing our memory. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论人的智力的发展问题及各个研究者的不同观点。 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“According to Dr. Crabtree, human intelligence may have actually mounted to the top more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then it has been going downhill.（根据Crabtree博士的说法，人类的智力实际上可能在2000多年前就已经上升到顶峰，从那时起，它一直在走下坡路。）”可知，人类的智力从2000多年前就开始走下坡路了。故答案为Human intelligence has been going downhill since 2000 years ago. 【53题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“Ray Williams, from MIT, carried out a survey of general knowledge among public school students in his study. The data showed that 77% of the students didn’t know who was the first president of America and 18% of the Americans still believed that the sun goes around the earth. So Dr. Crabtree’s idea that people could be getting stupider could be factual.（麻省理工学院的Ray Williams在他的研究中对公立学校学生的一般知识进行了调查。数据显示，77%的学生不知道谁是美国第一任总统，18%的美国人仍然相信太阳绕着地球转。因此，Crabtree博士认为人们可能会变得更愚蠢的想法可能是事实。）”可知，Ray Williams通过调查研究并提供数据支持论点，以此证明Crabtree博士的理论正确。故答案为By carrying out a survey and providing data. 【54题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第五段“However, not everyone believes in Crabtree’s theory. James Flynn, the author of Are We Getting Smarter, argues that human mental abilities have grown, because we are learning what possibilities are open to us and have developed a wider variety of intelligence.（然而，并不是每个人都相信Crabtree博士的理论。《我们变得更聪明吗》一书的作者James Flynn认为，人类的心理能力已经增长，因为我们正在学习哪些可能性是开放的，并且已经发展出更广泛的智力。）”可知，质疑Crabtree博士的人认为：人类的心理能力已经增长，并且已经发展出更广泛的智力。推知他们认为今天的人比古代的人拥有更广泛的智力，而不是拥有一样的智力。故答案为People who question Dr. Crabtree’s theory believe that people today have similar intelligence to people in ancient times. According to the author, people who question Dr. Crabtree’s theory believe that people today have a wider variety of intelligence than people in ancient times. 【55题详解】 考查开放试题。答案为(1) I don’t agree with Dr. Crabtree’s belief. Since 2,000 years ago, the society has developed from the primitive to advanced. If human intelligence had gone downhill, there would be no inventions which promote the social and technological development. (2) I support Dr. Crabtree’s theory. Our ancient ancestors created fabulous inventions, like Chinese four great inventions, and these inventions greatly promote the world civilization. People continue to evolve on the achievements of our ancestors. Now people increasingly rely on technology and it hurts our intelligence by decreasing our memory. 第二节（20分） 56. 假定你是李华，你所在的社区图书馆正在招聘暑期志愿者。请写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 能做的事情。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply for a volunteer position in our community library during the summer break. As a graduating high school student who has a passion for volunteering, I will have enough time and energy to invest in my community. Besides, I am an enthusiastic, reliable and responsible person. Not only can I shelve and organize books, but also I can assist library users in finding what they want. I am sure that I can deliver excellent library service to our customers. I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，申请所在社区图书馆的暑期志愿者。内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事情。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 暑期：summer break→summer vacation 热情：passion→enthusiasm 帮助：assist→help 优秀的：excellent→superb 2. 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：As a graduating high school student who has a passion for volunteering, I will have enough time and energy to invest in my community. 拓展句：As a graduating high school student who has a passion for volunteering, I will have enough time and energy which can be invested in my community. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As a graduating high school student who has a passion for volunteering, I will have enough time and energy to invest in my community.(运用了who引导限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you could offer me the opportunity.(运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$