专题06 Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister. Section B-【暑假自学课】2024年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（人教版）

专题06 Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister. Section B 1、熟记本单元的词汇、短语及句型。 2、能用比较级说出自己和朋友间的相似和不同。 重点单词 talented adj.有才能的；有才干的 hand n.手 truly adv.真正；确实 touch v.感动；触摸 care v.在意；担忧；关心 heart n.内心；心脏 laugh v. 笑；发笑 n.笑声 fact n.现实；事实 serious adj.严肃的；稳重的 break v.(使）破；裂；碎；损坏 mirror n.镜子 arm n.手臂；上肢 kid n.小孩；年轻人 share v.分享；共享；共用；分摊 necessary adj.必需的；必要的 loud adj.(比较级louder)响亮的；大声的 grade n.成绩等级；评分等级 should modal v.应该；应当；可以 similar adj.相像的；类似的 saying n. 谚语；格言；警句 primary adj.最初的；最早的 reach v.伸手；到达；抵达 information n.信息；消息 重点短语 be talented in在······上有天赋 bring out使显现；使表现出 the same as和······相同；和······一致 get better grades 取得更好成绩 the same...as和······相同的······ touch one's heart 感动某人 be good at=do well in 擅长······ reach for one's hand 伸手帮某人一把 make friends 交朋友 in fact 确切地说；事实上；实际上 be different from与······不同；与······有差异 be similar to与······相像的、类似的 be good with善于应付······ be like a mirror 像一面镜子 have good grades 拥有好的成绩 as long as 只要；既然 call...at...拨打······找······ 知识点梳理 1. ...is talented in music. (P. 20) talented作形容词，表示“有才能的、有天赋的”，be talented in表示“在……方面有天赋”。 He is talented in swimming. 2. ...truly cares about me. (P. 20) care about意为“关心、在意”。 They cared about their uncle a lot. 3. ...makes me laugh. (P. 20) (1) make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”；make sb./sth.+形容词 “使某人/某物怎么样” His parents made him stay at home. The news made us excited. (2)laugh表示“笑、发笑”，laugh at表示“嘲笑”。 Don’t laugh at others. 4. serious (P. 20) 此处serious表示“严肃的、稳重的”，另外serious还可以表示“严重的、认真的”，be serious about意为“对……认真”。 Is she serious about giving up her job? 5. That’s why I like reading books and I study harder in class. (P. 21) That’s why...意为“那是为什么……”，强调结果；that’s because表示“那是因为……”，强调原因。 That’s why I didn’t want to leave here. That’s because he is not old enough. 6. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P. 21) (1)本句结构为“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如easy, important, dangerous, necessary等。 It is important for you to study hard. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 【拓展】It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.意为“某人做某事是……的”，此结构中的形容词多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish,polite等描述行为者性格、品质的词。 It is very kind of you to lend me so much money. (2)make friends表示“交朋友”，后常接介词with，表示“和某人交朋友”。 He likes making friends with others. 7. ...you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. (P. 21) as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。 You will get good grades as long as you work hard. 8. My best friend Larry is quite different from me. (P. 21) be different from意为“与……不同”，反义词是the same as“和……相同”。 The car is different from that one. This bag is the same as that one. 9. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. (P. 21) bring out意为“使显现、使表现出”。 I want to bring out the meaning of the poem. 10. Larry is much less hard-working, though. (P. 21) less用于形容词或者副词比较级之前，意为“不如、赶不上”，相当于not as/so...as...。 Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two. =Lesson One is not as interesting as Lesson Two. 11. I always get better grades than he does, so maybe I should help him more. (P. 21) get better grades意为“取得好成绩”，grade作名词，可以表示“成绩、等级”。 If you study hard, you will get good grades. 12. I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. (P. 21) (1)if此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，相当于whether。 I wonder if he can help us with the problem. (2)the same as 表示“与……相同”，反义词为be different from“与……不同”。 My answer is the same as yours. 13. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.(P. 21) (1) reach for one’s hand意为“伸手帮某人一把”，reach这里是不及物动词，意为“伸出（手臂、胳膊）”。 Can you reach for my hand? (2)touch one’s hand意为“打动某人的心、令某人感动的”。 The story touches my heart. 14. In fact, she is funnier than anyone I know. (P. 21) in fact意为“事实上、实际上”，相当于as a matter of fact或者actually。 In fact, she is talented in music. 15. We can talk about and share everything.(P. 21) (1)talk是不及物动词，后接宾语时，需要加上介词，talk about sth.“谈论某事”；talk with sb.“同某人谈话”。 They are talking about their hobbies. (2) share表示“分享、合用”时，常用的结构为share sth. (with sb.)“（同某人）分享某物”。 The boy doesn’t want to share toys with other children. 16. I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids in my class. (P. 22) other, the other, another, others和the others辨析 other: 意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。 the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。 another: 表示“三者及以上中另一个”。 others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”，是复数概念。 the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。 We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects. There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys. You should think of others. There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys. 17. My best friend is similar to Larry. (P. 22) be similar to意为“与……类似”。 Your handwriting is similar to his. 18. Callthe English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information. (P. 24) (1)call...at...意为“拨打……找……”。 Please call Mr. Green at 473-8989. (2)information是不可数名词，表示“一条消息”用a piece of information。 You can get more information through the Internet. 形容词和副词的比较级 一、定义 比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。 二、用法 1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。 This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。 New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。 2. 表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。 Who is taller, Lily or Lucy? 莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？ 三、形容词比较级的变化 1. 形容词或副词的比较级的规则变化： 构成方式 例词 规则变化 单音节和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er，-est small→smaller→smallest hard→harder→hardest 以不发音的字母e结尾的词，加-r，-st large→larger→largest wide→wider→widest 以两个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big→bigger→biggest thin→thinner→thinnest 以＂辅音字母+y＂结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er，-est ugly→uglier→ugliest early→earlier→earliest 少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词，词尾加-er，-est narrow→narrower→narrowest clever→cleverer→cleverest 多音节 其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词，在词前加more，most important→more important→most important easily→more easily→most easily 【记忆口诀】 比较级规则变化口诀 两者之间做比较，尾巴-er少不了； 一般词尾加-er，有e词尾只加-r； 单一辅音单音节，双写词尾加-er； 辅音加y很重要，去y变i加-er； 双多音节字太长，前加more比它强。 2. 不规则变化 不规则变化 bad/badly→worse→worst；much/many→more→most；good/well→better→best； far→farther/further→farthest/furthest；old→older/elder→oldest /eldest；little→less→least 【易错警示】 1. farther/farthest和further/furthest的区别：二者表示距离时，往往可互换，但是用于引申义，表示程度时，只能使用后者。 He can throw much farther/further than you. 他可以比你扔得远得多。 His suggestion is that Kate should be sent abroad for further education. 他的建议是凯特被派往国外进修。 2. older/oldest和elder/eldest的区别：前者用于人或者物，可作定语和表语，可与than连用，而后者主要用于家人之间，表明长幼关系，往往用于人，不用于物，而且只作定语不作表语，也不与than连用。 I’m two years older than him. 我比他大两岁。 His elder brother works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。 【记忆口诀】 不规则名词变化记忆口诀 合二为一共三对，坏病两多和两好； 一分为二有两个，一是远来二是老； 还有一词含双义，只记少来不记小。 （对应的词为：bad/ill，many/much，good/well，far，old，little） 三、形容词比较级前的修饰词 比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。 Believe me, you really look much better than before. 相信我，你看起来真的比以前好多了。 He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。 They went there a little later than others. 他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。 It’s even bigger than an island. 它甚至比一座岛屿都大。 He is far stronger than his brother. 他比他哥哥强壮得多。 四、形容词、副词比较级的用法 1. 最基本句型＂主语 + be(is/am/are) + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象＂。than后接人称代词时可以是主格或宾格。than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。 She is a little more outgoing than me. 她比我性格外向一点。 2. 比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。 It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow. 今天很冷，但明天会更冷。 3. 在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 Who do you think is more beautiful, Lucy or Lily? 你认为谁更漂亮，露茜还是莉莉？ 4. 当两者比较只出现一方，含有of the two/of the twins结构时，比较级前要加the，意为＂两个中比较……的一个＂。 He is the taller of the two boys. 他是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。 5. ＂get/become + 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级＂是＂变得越来越……＂的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。当表示＂越来越……＂时，形容词为多音节词或一些双音节词，用＂more and more+原级＂结构。 It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。 6. ＂the + 形容词比较级…, the + 形容词比较级…＂意为＂越……就越……＂。两个＂比较级＂不要求一定词性相同，它们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定。 The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have. 你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。 7. 表示＂比……大(长、多、宽……)几倍＂，用＂…times + 形容词比较级 + than…＂结构。 Our classroom is twice larger than yours. 我们的教室比你们的大两倍。 8. 表示＂重几斤＂、＂高几厘米＂、＂大几岁＂等，可用＂表示数量的词 + 形容词比较级 + than…＂。 Tom is six years older than you. 汤姆比你大六岁。 9. 当表达＂……之一＂、＂第几大/小/高/矮……＂时，往往用最高级，而不用比较级。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 10. ＂形容词比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词＂表示＂……比其他的任何……都……＂，此句型可以换成最高级。 Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class. =Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class. 李磊是班上最聪明的学生。 11. ＂more+形容词＂与＂less +形容词＂及not so(as)…as的互换。要注意前后比较对象要倒换位置。 Chinese is more important than English. =English is less important than Chinese. =English is not so important as Chinese. 汉语比英语重要。 一、单项选择 1．—Helen, do you know how to add TED to my Huawei Mate 60? —It’s easy. Just follow the ________. A．instructions B．messages C．advertisements D．information 2．—Could you tell me when you ________ Nanjing? —I’m not sure. When I ________, I will call you. A．arrive; reach B．reach; get to C．get to; arrive D．reach; arrive at 3．There are tall trees on ________ sides of the road. A．all B．both C．either D．neither 4．—Alice often ________ her experience of learning English with us. —That’s great, she is so helpful! A．provides B．gives C．shares D．keeps 5．There’s still some bread in the kitchen. It’s not ________ to go to the store today. A．funny B．similar C．necessary D．enough 6．As good friends, we should really ________ our friends especially when they are in trouble. A．take care B．depend on C．care about D．look like 7．The twins are different. Lily does better in piano, but Luna always ________ Lily in dance. A．helps B．wins C．beats D．reaches 8．I don’t really care if my friends are the same ________ me or different ________ me. A．to; for B．in; as C．with; for D．as; from 9．— I believe “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.” —________ you don’t give up, you will make progress (进步) little by little. A．As long as B．As soon as C．As much as D．As well as 10．Mrs. Zhang taught English in a poor mountain village. And she said she would never forget some wonderful ________ there. A．experiences B．differences C．examples D．information 二、单词拼写 11．Yesterday he couldn’t r (到达) there on time because of the bad weather. 12．My best friend Linda t (真正) cares about me. 13．The Internet can carry (信息) all over the world. It makes us be able to talk to people everywhere. 14．When we are sad, we can s (分享) our sadness with good friends. 15．Look! The window is by someone. Let’s go and see what is happening. 16．Tom is in drawing. We often see him drawing in the art classroom. And he won many art awards. 17．We shouldn’t talk l (大声地) in public places. 18．For her, books are as n (必需的) to life as bread. 19． you have your health, nothing else matters. (只要) 20．Helen her mother. They’re both outgoing. (与……相像的) 三、完型填空 Yesterday afternoon, my little sister Misty and I played soccer in the park. After a few minutes, we saw an old man walking with his eyes looking around. He told people he was lost, 21 they didn’t help him. I walked over to him and asked, “Where do you come from?” he said he didn’t know. I asked him his 22 . He said he was Ray. I asked him how long he was lost. He said he was lost almost two hours. I then asked, “Would you like 23 to eat?” He said he was a little 24 . And then I walked over to Misty and told her what happened. Then we 25 to help him and bring him some food. We asked the old to 26 us in the park so that he could sit down and have a rest 27 . Then we ran to the shop nearby to buy some food 28 him. After eating some food, the old man felt much better. Misty and I waited with him until his family arrived. After three hours, his daughter found him and she 29 us. I was 30 that life gave us the chance (机会) to do just the right thing: the loving thing. To give is better than to get. 21．A．and B．because C．if D．but 22．A．age B．name C．job D．time 23．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 24．A．full B．fantastic C．hungry D．serious 25．A．decided B．wondered C．broke D．knew 26．A．wake up B．think of C．wait for D．talk to 27．A．friendly B．quietly C．lovely D．loudly 28．A．for B．from C．with D．to 29．A．showed B．disliked C．missed D．thanked 30．A．happy B．bored C．useful D．popular 四、阅读理解 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Chen Shi. He was a kind man. He always treated others kindly. His friends and neighbors all said that Chen Shi was kinder than any other person in the world. One year, there was a serious famine (饥荒) in Henan Province. Many people had nothing to eat. One night, a man went into Chen Shi’s room quietly. He hid himself on the beam (梁木) and waited for Chen Shi to fall asleep. He thought he could steal (偷) something while Chen Shi was sleeping. Chen Shi found the man on the beam. He asked his family to go into his room and said to them seriously, “Nobody is born bad. It is only because nobody tells them what they shouldn’t do and they are not strict with themselves. Then they have bad habits and turn bad. If someone usually does bad things, it will be hard for him to be a good man. The gentleman on the beam is such a man.” The man heard Chen Shi’s words. He knew that he was wrong. He jumped down from the beam and knelt (下跪) in front of Chen Shi and said sorry. This is the story about liangshangjunzi(梁上君子). Today we still use it to describe a thief (小偷). 31．The thief wanted to steal something ________. A．while Chen Shi was eating B．while Chen Shi was talking C．while Chen Shi was sleeping D．while Chen Shi was away 32．The man knelt in front of Chen Shi because ________. A．he knew he was wrong B．Chen Shi wanted to drive him out C．he wanted Chen Shi to give him some money D．he wanted to thank Chen Shi for giving him something 33．What can we infer from the passage? A．Chen Shi’s family caught the man. B．Chen Shi never treated others kindly. C．Chen Shi’s neighbors didn’t like him at all. D．Chen Shi wanted the man to be a good person. 34．Chen Shi is ________ according to the passage. A．kind and hard-working B．kind and smart C．friendly but cool D．friendly but lazy 35．What does the story want to tell us? A．We should learn from others. B．We should always say sorry to others. C．We should have good habits. D．We should give someone a chance to turn good. 五、短文选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。 ask, least, need, should, maybe, reach, unhappy, idea, from, he A student came to his teacher and asked, “Mr. Wu, how many friends 36 a person have—one or a lot?” “The question is very easy,” the teacher answered. “Pick that red apple for me 37 the highest branch (树枝).”The student looked up and said, “But it’s too high. It’s really difficult for me 38 it.” “Ask a friend. 39 he will help you,” said the teacher. So the student called another student and stood on 40 shoulders (肩膀). “I still can’t get it, Mr. Wu,” said the student 41 . “Don’t you have more friends?” the teacher smiled. The student 42 more friends, but they still could not pick the apple. “So, do you know how many friends a person 43 ?” the teacher asked. “I do, Mr. Wu,” the student said. “More friends together could solve a big problem.” “Yes,” the teacher answered, nodding (点头) his head in agreement. “Of course you need a lot of friends. But among all of them there should be at 44 one smart person. The person can come up with a better 45 , like bringing a ladder (梯子)!” ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister. Section B 1、熟记本单元的词汇、短语及句型。 2、能用比较级说出自己和朋友间的相似和不同。 重点单词 talented adj.有才能的；有才干的 hand n.手 truly adv.真正；确实 touch v.感动；触摸 care v.在意；担忧；关心 heart n.内心；心脏 laugh v. 笑；发笑 n.笑声 fact n.现实；事实 serious adj.严肃的；稳重的 break v.(使）破；裂；碎；损坏 mirror n.镜子 arm n.手臂；上肢 kid n.小孩；年轻人 share v.分享；共享；共用；分摊 necessary adj.必需的；必要的 loud adj.(比较级louder)响亮的；大声的 grade n.成绩等级；评分等级 should modal v.应该；应当；可以 similar adj.相像的；类似的 saying n. 谚语；格言；警句 primary adj.最初的；最早的 reach v.伸手；到达；抵达 information n.信息；消息 重点短语 be talented in在······上有天赋 bring out使显现；使表现出 the same as和······相同；和······一致 get better grades 取得更好成绩 the same...as和······相同的······ touch one's heart 感动某人 be good at=do well in 擅长······ reach for one's hand 伸手帮某人一把 make friends 交朋友 in fact 确切地说；事实上；实际上 be different from与······不同；与······有差异 be similar to与······相像的、类似的 be good with善于应付······ be like a mirror 像一面镜子 have good grades 拥有好的成绩 as long as 只要；既然 call...at...拨打······找······ 知识点梳理 1. ...is talented in music. (P. 20) talented作形容词，表示“有才能的、有天赋的”，be talented in表示“在……方面有天赋”。 He is talented in swimming. 2. ...truly cares about me. (P. 20) care about意为“关心、在意”。 They cared about their uncle a lot. 3. ...makes me laugh. (P. 20) (1) make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”；make sb./sth.+形容词 “使某人/某物怎么样” His parents made him stay at home. The news made us excited. (2)laugh表示“笑、发笑”，laugh at表示“嘲笑”。 Don’t laugh at others. 4. serious (P. 20) 此处serious表示“严肃的、稳重的”，另外serious还可以表示“严重的、认真的”，be serious about意为“对……认真”。 Is she serious about giving up her job? 5. That’s why I like reading books and I study harder in class. (P. 21) That’s why...意为“那是为什么……”，强调结果；that’s because表示“那是因为……”，强调原因。 That’s why I didn’t want to leave here. That’s because he is not old enough. 6. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P. 21) (1)本句结构为“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如easy, important, dangerous, necessary等。 It is important for you to study hard. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 【拓展】It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.意为“某人做某事是……的”，此结构中的形容词多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish,polite等描述行为者性格、品质的词。 It is very kind of you to lend me so much money. (2)make friends表示“交朋友”，后常接介词with，表示“和某人交朋友”。 He likes making friends with others. 7. ...you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. (P. 21) as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。 You will get good grades as long as you work hard. 8. My best friend Larry is quite different from me. (P. 21) be different from意为“与……不同”，反义词是the same as“和……相同”。 The car is different from that one. This bag is the same as that one. 9. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. (P. 21) bring out意为“使显现、使表现出”。 I want to bring out the meaning of the poem. 10. Larry is much less hard-working, though. (P. 21) less用于形容词或者副词比较级之前，意为“不如、赶不上”，相当于not as/so...as...。 Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two. =Lesson One is not as interesting as Lesson Two. 11. I always get better grades than he does, so maybe I should help him more. (P. 21) get better grades意为“取得好成绩”，grade作名词，可以表示“成绩、等级”。 If you study hard, you will get good grades. 12. I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. (P. 21) (1)if此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，相当于whether。 I wonder if he can help us with the problem. (2)the same as 表示“与……相同”，反义词为be different from“与……不同”。 My answer is the same as yours. 13. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.(P. 21) (1) reach for one’s hand意为“伸手帮某人一把”，reach这里是不及物动词，意为“伸出（手臂、胳膊）”。 Can you reach for my hand? (2)touch one’s hand意为“打动某人的心、令某人感动的”。 The story touches my heart. 14. In fact, she is funnier than anyone I know. (P. 21) in fact意为“事实上、实际上”，相当于as a matter of fact或者actually。 In fact, she is talented in music. 15. We can talk about and share everything.(P. 21) (1)talk是不及物动词，后接宾语时，需要加上介词，talk about sth.“谈论某事”；talk with sb.“同某人谈话”。 They are talking about their hobbies. (2) share表示“分享、合用”时，常用的结构为share sth. (with sb.)“（同某人）分享某物”。 The boy doesn’t want to share toys with other children. 16. I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids in my class. (P. 22) other, the other, another, others和the others辨析 other: 意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。 the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。 another: 表示“三者及以上中另一个”。 others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”，是复数概念。 the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。 We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects. There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys. You should think of others. There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys. 17. My best friend is similar to Larry. (P. 22) be similar to意为“与……类似”。 Your handwriting is similar to his. 18. Callthe English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information. (P. 24) (1)call...at...意为“拨打……找……”。 Please call Mr. Green at 473-8989. (2)information是不可数名词，表示“一条消息”用a piece of information。 You can get more information through the Internet. 形容词和副词的比较级 一、定义 比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。 二、用法 1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。 This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。 New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。 2. 表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。 Who is taller, Lily or Lucy? 莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？ 三、形容词比较级的变化 1. 形容词或副词的比较级的规则变化： 构成方式 例词 规则变化 单音节和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er，-est small→smaller→smallest hard→harder→hardest 以不发音的字母e结尾的词，加-r，-st large→larger→largest wide→wider→widest 以两个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big→bigger→biggest thin→thinner→thinnest 以＂辅音字母+y＂结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er，-est ugly→uglier→ugliest early→earlier→earliest 少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词，词尾加-er，-est narrow→narrower→narrowest clever→cleverer→cleverest 多音节 其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词，在词前加more，most important→more important→most important easily→more easily→most easily 【记忆口诀】 比较级规则变化口诀 两者之间做比较，尾巴-er少不了； 一般词尾加-er，有e词尾只加-r； 单一辅音单音节，双写词尾加-er； 辅音加y很重要，去y变i加-er； 双多音节字太长，前加more比它强。 2. 不规则变化 不规则变化 bad/badly→worse→worst；much/many→more→most；good/well→better→best； far→farther/further→farthest/furthest；old→older/elder→oldest /eldest；little→less→least 【易错警示】 1. farther/farthest和further/furthest的区别：二者表示距离时，往往可互换，但是用于引申义，表示程度时，只能使用后者。 He can throw much farther/further than you. 他可以比你扔得远得多。 His suggestion is that Kate should be sent abroad for further education. 他的建议是凯特被派往国外进修。 2. older/oldest和elder/eldest的区别：前者用于人或者物，可作定语和表语，可与than连用，而后者主要用于家人之间，表明长幼关系，往往用于人，不用于物，而且只作定语不作表语，也不与than连用。 I’m two years older than him. 我比他大两岁。 His elder brother works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。 【记忆口诀】 不规则名词变化记忆口诀 合二为一共三对，坏病两多和两好； 一分为二有两个，一是远来二是老； 还有一词含双义，只记少来不记小。 （对应的词为：bad/ill，many/much，good/well，far，old，little） 三、形容词比较级前的修饰词 比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。 Believe me, you really look much better than before. 相信我，你看起来真的比以前好多了。 He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。 They went there a little later than others. 他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。 It’s even bigger than an island. 它甚至比一座岛屿都大。 He is far stronger than his brother. 他比他哥哥强壮得多。 四、形容词、副词比较级的用法 1. 最基本句型＂主语 + be(is/am/are) + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象＂。than后接人称代词时可以是主格或宾格。than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。 She is a little more outgoing than me. 她比我性格外向一点。 2. 比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。 It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow. 今天很冷，但明天会更冷。 3. 在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 Who do you think is more beautiful, Lucy or Lily? 你认为谁更漂亮，露茜还是莉莉？ 4. 当两者比较只出现一方，含有of the two/of the twins结构时，比较级前要加the，意为＂两个中比较……的一个＂。 He is the taller of the two boys. 他是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。 5. ＂get/become + 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级＂是＂变得越来越……＂的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。当表示＂越来越……＂时，形容词为多音节词或一些双音节词，用＂more and more+原级＂结构。 It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。 6. ＂the + 形容词比较级…, the + 形容词比较级…＂意为＂越……就越……＂。两个＂比较级＂不要求一定词性相同，它们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定。 The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have. 你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。 7. 表示＂比……大(长、多、宽……)几倍＂，用＂…times + 形容词比较级 + than…＂结构。 Our classroom is twice larger than yours. 我们的教室比你们的大两倍。 8. 表示＂重几斤＂、＂高几厘米＂、＂大几岁＂等，可用＂表示数量的词 + 形容词比较级 + than…＂。 Tom is six years older than you. 汤姆比你大六岁。 9. 当表达＂……之一＂、＂第几大/小/高/矮……＂时，往往用最高级，而不用比较级。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 10. ＂形容词比较级 + than any other + 单数可数名词＂表示＂……比其他的任何……都……＂，此句型可以换成最高级。 Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class. =Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class. 李磊是班上最聪明的学生。 11. ＂more+形容词＂与＂less +形容词＂及not so(as)…as的互换。要注意前后比较对象要倒换位置。 Chinese is more important than English. =English is less important than Chinese. =English is not so important as Chinese. 汉语比英语重要。 一、单项选择 1．—Helen, do you know how to add TED to my Huawei Mate 60? —It’s easy. Just follow the ________. A．instructions B．messages C．advertisements D．information 2．—Could you tell me when you ________ Nanjing? —I’m not sure. When I ________, I will call you. A．arrive; reach B．reach; get to C．get to; arrive D．reach; arrive at 3．There are tall trees on ________ sides of the road. A．all B．both C．either D．neither 4．—Alice often ________ her experience of learning English with us. —That’s great, she is so helpful! A．provides B．gives C．shares D．keeps 5．There’s still some bread in the kitchen. It’s not ________ to go to the store today. A．funny B．similar C．necessary D．enough 6．As good friends, we should really ________ our friends especially when they are in trouble. A．take care B．depend on C．care about D．look like 7．The twins are different. Lily does better in piano, but Luna always ________ Lily in dance. A．helps B．wins C．beats D．reaches 8．I don’t really care if my friends are the same ________ me or different ________ me. A．to; for B．in; as C．with; for D．as; from 9．— I believe “Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.” —________ you don’t give up, you will make progress (进步) little by little. A．As long as B．As soon as C．As much as D．As well as 10．Mrs. Zhang taught English in a poor mountain village. And she said she would never forget some wonderful ________ there. A．experiences B．differences C．examples D．information 二、单词拼写 11．Yesterday he couldn’t r (到达) there on time because of the bad weather. 12．My best friend Linda t (真正) cares about me. 13．The Internet can carry (信息) all over the world. It makes us be able to talk to people everywhere. 14．When we are sad, we can s (分享) our sadness with good friends. 15．Look! The window is by someone. Let’s go and see what is happening. 16．Tom is in drawing. We often see him drawing in the art classroom. And he won many art awards. 17．We shouldn’t talk l (大声地) in public places. 18．For her, books are as n (必需的) to life as bread. 19． you have your health, nothing else matters. (只要) 20．Helen her mother. They’re both outgoing. (与……相像的) 三、完型填空 Yesterday afternoon, my little sister Misty and I played soccer in the park. After a few minutes, we saw an old man walking with his eyes looking around. He told people he was lost, 21 they didn’t help him. I walked over to him and asked, “Where do you come from?” he said he didn’t know. I asked him his 22 . He said he was Ray. I asked him how long he was lost. He said he was lost almost two hours. I then asked, “Would you like 23 to eat?” He said he was a little 24 . And then I walked over to Misty and told her what happened. Then we 25 to help him and bring him some food. We asked the old to 26 us in the park so that he could sit down and have a rest 27 . Then we ran to the shop nearby to buy some food 28 him. After eating some food, the old man felt much better. Misty and I waited with him until his family arrived. After three hours, his daughter found him and she 29 us. I was 30 that life gave us the chance (机会) to do just the right thing: the loving thing. To give is better than to get. 21．A．and B．because C．if D．but 22．A．age B．name C．job D．time 23．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 24．A．full B．fantastic C．hungry D．serious 25．A．decided B．wondered C．broke D．knew 26．A．wake up B．think of C．wait for D．talk to 27．A．friendly B．quietly C．lovely D．loudly 28．A．for B．from C．with D．to 29．A．showed B．disliked C．missed D．thanked 30．A．happy B．bored C．useful D．popular 四、阅读理解 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Chen Shi. He was a kind man. He always treated others kindly. His friends and neighbors all said that Chen Shi was kinder than any other person in the world. One year, there was a serious famine (饥荒) in Henan Province. Many people had nothing to eat. One night, a man went into Chen Shi’s room quietly. He hid himself on the beam (梁木) and waited for Chen Shi to fall asleep. He thought he could steal (偷) something while Chen Shi was sleeping. Chen Shi found the man on the beam. He asked his family to go into his room and said to them seriously, “Nobody is born bad. It is only because nobody tells them what they shouldn’t do and they are not strict with themselves. Then they have bad habits and turn bad. If someone usually does bad things, it will be hard for him to be a good man. The gentleman on the beam is such a man.” The man heard Chen Shi’s words. He knew that he was wrong. He jumped down from the beam and knelt (下跪) in front of Chen Shi and said sorry. This is the story about liangshangjunzi(梁上君子). Today we still use it to describe a thief (小偷). 31．The thief wanted to steal something ________. A．while Chen Shi was eating B．while Chen Shi was talking C．while Chen Shi was sleeping D．while Chen Shi was away 32．The man knelt in front of Chen Shi because ________. A．he knew he was wrong B．Chen Shi wanted to drive him out C．he wanted Chen Shi to give him some money D．he wanted to thank Chen Shi for giving him something 33．What can we infer from the passage? A．Chen Shi’s family caught the man. B．Chen Shi never treated others kindly. C．Chen Shi’s neighbors didn’t like him at all. D．Chen Shi wanted the man to be a good person. 34．Chen Shi is ________ according to the passage. A．kind and hard-working B．kind and smart C．friendly but cool D．friendly but lazy 35．What does the story want to tell us? A．We should learn from others. B．We should always say sorry to others. C．We should have good habits. D．We should give someone a chance to turn good. 五、短文选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。 ask, least, need, should, maybe, reach, unhappy, idea, from, he A student came to his teacher and asked, “Mr. Wu, how many friends 36 a person have—one or a lot?” “The question is very easy,” the teacher answered. “Pick that red apple for me 37 the highest branch (树枝).”The student looked up and said, “But it’s too high. It’s really difficult for me 38 it.” “Ask a friend. 39 he will help you,” said the teacher. So the student called another student and stood on 40 shoulders (肩膀). “I still can’t get it, Mr. Wu,” said the student 41 . “Don’t you have more friends?” the teacher smiled. The student 42 more friends, but they still could not pick the apple. “So, do you know how many friends a person 43 ?” the teacher asked. “I do, Mr. Wu,” the student said. “More friends together could solve a big problem.” “Yes,” the teacher answered, nodding (点头) his head in agreement. “Of course you need a lot of friends. But among all of them there should be at 44 one smart person. The person can come up with a better 45 , like bringing a ladder (梯子)!” 参考答案： 1．A 【详解】句意：——海伦，你知道怎么把TED添加到我的华为Mate 60上吗？——很容易。按照说明去做就行了。 考查名词辨析。instructions操作指南； messages信息；advertisements广告；information消息。根据“how to add TED to my Huawei Mate 60”和“It’s easy. Just follow the...”可知，是关于手机操作的，所以应是按照操作说明来，故选A。 2．C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候到南京吗？——我不确定。当我到达时，我会给你打电话。 考查动词辨析和动词短语。reach到达，及物动词；arrive到达，不及物动词；get to到达，及物动词短语；arrive at到达，及物动词短语。第一个空后有宾语，应用及物动词或及物动词短语，排除A；第二个空后无宾语，用不及物动词，排除BD。故选C。 3．B 【详解】句意：路的两边都是高大的树。 考查代词。all全部（三者及以上）；both两者都；either两者中的一个；neither两者都不。路有两边，排除A；结合复数名词sides可知，应用both。故选B。 4．C 【详解】句意：——Alice经常和我们一起分享学习英语的经验。——那还不错，她太乐于助人了！ 考查动词辨析。provides提供；gives给；shares分享；keeps保持。根据“...her experience of learning English with us.”可知，空处是指与我们分享学习英语的经验。share sth. with sb.是固定搭配，表示“与某人分享某物”。故选C。 5．C 【详解】句意：厨房里还有一些面包。今天没有必要去商店。 考查形容词辨析。funny有趣的；similar相似的；necessary有必要的；enough足够。根据“There’s still some bread in the kitchen.”可知还有面包，所以没有必要去商店。故选C。 6．C 【详解】句意：作为好朋友，我们应该真正关心我们的朋友，尤其是当他们遇到麻烦的时候。 考查动词短语。take care当心；depend on依靠；care about关心；look like看起来像。根据“our friends especially when they are in trouble.”可知，当朋友遇到麻烦的时候，我们应该要表示关心，故选C。 7．C 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎不一样。莉莉钢琴弹得比较好，但卢娜跳舞总是胜过莉莉。 考查动词辨析。helps帮助；wins赢得；beats胜过；reaches达到。根据“Lily does better in piano”可知，此处说的是卢娜跳舞比莉莉好。故选C。 8．D 【详解】句意：我真的不在乎我的朋友是和我一样还是不同。 考查形容词短语。根据“I don’t really care if my friends are the same…me or different…me.”可知，此处指的是“我真的不在乎我的朋友是和我一样还是不同”，the same as“和……一样”，be different from“和……不同”，为固定短语，第一个空应填介词as，第二个空应填介词from。故选D。 9．A 【详解】句意：——我相信“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”。——只要你不放弃，你就会一点一点地进步。 考查条件状语从句。as long as只要；as soon as一……就；as much as差不多；as well as和。分析两个句子可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。 10．A 【详解】句意：张太太在一个贫穷的山村教英语。她说她永远不会忘记在那里的一些美妙经历。 考查名词辨析。experiences经历；differences不同；examples例子；information信息。根据“Mrs. Zhang taught English in a poor mountain village. And she said she would never forget some wonderful”可知是不会忘记在山村教英语的经历。故选A。 11．(r)each 【详解】句意：昨天因为天气不好，他没能准时到达那里。根据中文提示以及首字母可知，reach表示“到达”，couldn’t后接动词原形，故填(r)each。 12．(t)ruly 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友琳达真的很关心我。根据首字母提示及汉语提示可知，此处是truly“真正地”，是副词，修饰空后的动词短语cares about。故填(t)ruly。 13．information 【详解】句意：因特网可以把信息传送到世界各地。它使我们能够与世界各地的人交谈。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词information“信息”作宾语。故填information。 14．(s)hare 【详解】句意：当我们悲伤的时候，我们可以和好朋友分享我们的悲伤。share“分享”，动词，can是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填(s)hare。 15．broken 【详解】句意：看啊！窗户被人打破了。让我们去看看发生了什么事。分析题干可知，此处表示窗户被人打破了，动词break意为“打破，破碎”，主语window和动词break之间是被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态，动词break应用过去分词。故填broken。 16．talented 【详解】句意：汤姆在绘画方面很有天赋。我们经常看到他在美术教室里画画。他还获得了许多艺术奖项。根据“We often see him drawing in the art classroom. And he won many art awards.”可知，汤姆在绘画方面很有天赋，此处应填入单词talent，意为“天赋”，名词，此处应用形容词形式，be talented in：在……方面有天赋，固定短语。故填talented。 17．(l)oudly 【详解】句意：我们不应该在公共场合大声讲话。loudly“大声地”，副词修饰动词talk。故填(l)oudly。 18．(n)ecessary 【详解】句意：对她来说，书就像面包一样，是生活必需品。necessary“必需的”，as...as“像……一样”，中间用形容词原级。故填(n)ecessary。 19．As long as 【详解】句意：只要你健康，其他都不重要。根据汉语提示可知，“只要”对应的英文是As long as，引导条件状语从句。故填As long as。 20．is similar to 【详解】句意：海伦和她妈妈长得很像。她们都很外向。根据中文提示，可知是be similar to“与……相似”，该句描述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语是“Helen”，be动词填is。故填is similar to。 21．D 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和妹妹在公园玩时，陪伴一个迷路的老人等了三个小时，直至老人的女儿找到他的事，作者做了对的事很开心。 21．句意：他告诉人们他迷路了，但是他们没有帮助他。 and和；because因为；if如果；but但是。根据“He told people he was lost,”和“they didn’t help him”可知是转折关系，故选D。 22．句意：我问他他的名字。 age年龄；name名字；job工作；time时间。根据“He said he was Ray”可知应是问他的名字。故选B。 23．句意：你想要吃一些东西吗？ anything任何东西；nothing没有什么事；everything一切；something一些东西。根据“Would you like”可知应用something，故选D。 24．句意：他说他有一点饿。 full满的；fantastic极好的；hungry饿的；serious严肃的。根据上题可知应是老人感觉有点饿。故选C。 25．句意：然后我们决定帮助他并且带给他一些食物。 decided决定；wondered想知道；broke损坏；knew知道。根据“then I walked over to Misty and told her what happened”可知是商量后决定。故选A。 26．句意：我们让老人在公园里等我们以至于他能坐下安静地休息一下。 wake up醒来；think of想起；wait for等待；talk to交谈。根据“he could sit down”可知应是等待我们，故选C。 27．句意：我们让老人在公园里等我们以至于他能坐下安静地休息一下。 friendly友好地；quietly安静地；lovely可爱的；loudly喧闹的。根据“have a rest”可知应是安静地休息，故选B。 28．句意：然后我们跑到附近的商店为他买了一些食物。 for为了；from从；with和；to到。buy sth. for sb.“为某人买某物”符合语境，故选A。 29．句意：三个小时后，他的女儿找到他并且她感谢我们。 showed展示；disliked不喜欢；missed想念；thanked感谢。根据文章可知作者陪着迷路的老人直至他的女儿找到他，所以应是他的女儿感谢作者。故选D。 30．句意：生活给我们做正确事情的机会，我是高兴的。 happy高兴的；bored厌倦的；useful有用的；popular受欢迎的。根据“life gave us the chance to do just the right thing”可知应是高兴的，故选A。 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文介绍东汉时期的大善人陈寔及“梁上君子”成语的由来。 31．细节理解题。根据“He thought he could steal（偷）something while Chen Shi was sleeping.”可知，他认为他可以趁陈寔睡觉的时候偷点东西。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“The man heard Chen Shi’s words. He knew that he was wrong. He jumped down from the beam and knelt（下跪）in front of Chen Shi and said sorry.”可知，那人听到了陈寔的话。他知道自己错了。他从横梁上跳下来，跪在陈寔面前，说了声对不起。故选A。 33．推理判断题。根据“Nobody is born bad. It is only because nobody tells them what they shouldn’t do and they are not strict with themselves. Then they have bad habits and turn bad. If someone usually does bad things, it will be hard for him to be a good man. The gentleman on the beam is such a man.”可知，陈寔说这番话的目的是希望这个人成为一个好人。故选D。 34． 推理判断题。根据文章可知，陈寔发现小偷以后，巧用言语教育了小偷。小愉最后从梁上下来，跪在陈寔面前请求原谅。所以陈寔是善良和聪明的。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据文章可知，陈寔发现小偷以后，巧用言语教育了小偷。小愉最后从梁上下来，跪在陈寔面前请求原谅。所以我们应该给别人一个改过自新的机会。故选D。 36．should 37．from 38．to reach 39．Maybe 40．his 41．unhappily 42．asked 43．needs 44．least 45．idea 【导语】本文通过老师让学生摘苹果的故事告诉我们：朋友多固然好，但是能有一个聪明的人做朋友很重要。 36．句意：一个人应该有几个朋友——一个还是很多？根据“how many friend...a person have”可知是应该有多少朋友，should“应该”。故填should。 37．句意：从最高的树枝上给我摘红苹果。根据“Pick that red apple for me...the highest branch”可知是从最高的树枝上摘苹果，from“从”。故填from。 38．句意：我很难够到它。根据“But it’s too high”可知树枝太高了，所以够不到，reach“够得到”，it is adj. for sb. to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故填to reach。 39．句意：也许他会帮你的。根据“he will help you”可知也许朋友会提供帮助，maybe“可能”，在句首首字母大写。故填Maybe。 40．句意：于是这个学生叫了另一个学生，站在他的肩膀上。根据“the student called another student and stood on...shoulders”可知是站在那个学生的肩膀上，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填his。 41．句意：学生不高兴地说。根据“I still can’t get it”可知仍然够不到，所以不开心，修饰动词用副词unhappily。故填unhappily。 42．句意：这个学生叫了更多的朋友，但他们还是摘不到苹果。根据“more friends”可知是叫了更多朋友，ask“请求，要求”，句子是一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填asked。 43．句意：你知道一个人需要多少朋友吗？根据“how many friends a person”可知是需要多少朋友，need“需要”，句子用一般现在时，主语是a person，谓语动词用单三。故填needs。 44．句意：但在所有朋友中，至少应该有一个聪明的人。根据“there should be at...one smart person”可知是至少要有一个聪明的人，at least“至少”。故填least。 45．句意：这个人可以想出更好的主意，比如带一个梯子！根据“The person can come up with a better”以及所给词可知这个聪明的人能想出更好的主意，a后加名词单数idea。故填idea。 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$