专题07 一般现在时和现在进行时-【暑假自学课】2024年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(人教版)

2024-06-07
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专题07 一般现在时和现在进行时 目录 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 学以致用:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1. 一般现在时态的基本结构和用法 2. 现在进行时的基本结构和用法 一般现在时 考向一:一般现在时的用法 ①表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与频度副词连用。 I often take a walk in the park. 我经常在公园散步。 ②表示客观事实、真理。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 ③在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go bike riding in the open air. 如果明天不下雨,我将在户外骑自行车。 I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back. 当她回来的时候,我将把这个好消息告诉她。 ④表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 考向二:一般现在时的构成 在一般情况下用动词原形,若主语为第三人称单数,一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s read→reads love→loves 以s,o,x,ch,sh结尾 加-es pass→passes box→boxes teach→teaches wash→washes 以辅音字母 + y结尾 将y变为i,再加-es carry→carries study→studies 不规则变化 have→has be→am/is/are 现在进行时 一、现在进行时的定义 现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。 The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。 The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。 二、现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由"be+现在分词(v-ing)"构成。be应为助动词,一定不要漏掉!它应与主语的人称和数保持一致,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are。 1. 现在分词变化规则如下: a. 动词后直接+- ing(例:sleep+-ing→sleeping) b. 去掉不发音的e+-ing(例:bite-e+-ing→biting) c. 重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+-ing(例:sitting,beginning,getting,putting,running,stopping,cutting) d. 特殊变化:die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying 2. 句式构成如下: 肯定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其他。 They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。 否定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not +现在分词+其他。 They aren’t having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。 一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他? Are they having an English class? 他们在上英语课吗? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他? What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么? 助动词变化口诀:变疑问,往前提,句后问号莫丢弃;变否定,更容易,be后not 莫忘记。 三、现在进行时的应用 A表示现在( 指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。 I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了) 在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况: (1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。 They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。 (2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。 Listen! She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。 We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。 Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别 (1) 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作,而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如: I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情) I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为) (2) 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作,而一般现在时只表动作的重复,而不表示动作的持续。 What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么? They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。 They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。 They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。 (3) 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时,表示动作的重复。 The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。 His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。 (5) 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。 I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一个忙。 I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。 四类动词不用进行时 英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时) 1. 表心理状态、情感的动词,如love, hate, like, care, respect, please, prefer, know等,若用进行时则词义改变。 2. 表存在、状态的动词,如appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem等 3. 表感觉的动词,如see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste等 4. 表一时性的动词,如accept, allow, admit, decide, end, refuse, permit, promise等。 五、现在进行时的特殊用法 1. 现在进行时表暂时 现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的状况。 —What’s your daughter doing these days? 你女儿现在在干什么? —She’s studying English at Durham University. 她在达勒姆大学学习英语。 这种情况不一定在说话时发生: Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it . 别把梯子拿走,你父亲在用呢。(即不一定现在在用。) She’s at her best when she’s making big decisions. 当做出最大决定时,她处于最佳状态。 暂时发生的事情也可以是在说话时正在进行着: The river is flowing very fast after last night’s rain. 昨夜下过雨后,河水流速很快。 现在进行时也用来表示当前的动向: People are becoming less tolerant of smoking these days. 如今人们对吸烟较为难以忍受了。 2. 现在进行时表将来 意为:意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。 I’m leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week? 现在进行时巧记口诀 look, listen是标志,现在进行正发生; 有时now在句中现,"be+v-ing"时态成。 若问be用何形式,须看主语数、人称。 he/she is, I am,we, you, they后are紧跟。 v-ing形式更好记,三种构成要分清。 一般问句be提前,be后加not否定成! 真题感知 一、单项选择 1.It often ______ in South China. A.snow B.snows C.rainy D.rains 2.You usually ________ these books under the desk. Why don’t you ________ these books into the box? A.put; putting B.put; put C.putting; put D.putting; putting 3.—________ you ________ English every morning? —Yes, but now I am reading Chinese. A.Do; read B.Are; read C.Are; reading D.Does; read 4.One of his best friends ________ the US. A.come from B.is from C.are from D.are coming from 5.The library is ________ every day. It ________ at 9: 00 in the morning. A.open; open B.opened; opens C.open; opens 6.My uncle usually ________ water after dinner, but now he ________ tea. A.drinks; drinks B.drinks; is drinking C.is drinking; drinks D.is drinking; is drinking 7.—Does Ella like ________? —Yes. She often ________ things from the stores. A.shop; buys B.shop; is buying C.shopping; buys D.shopping; is buying 8.—What does your father usually do in the afternoon? —He usually ________ a newspaper, but now he ________ TV. A.looks;sees B.looks at;watches C.reads;is watching D.reads;is seeing 9.Jim usually _________ his homework in the evening, but he _______ computer games now. A.does; plays B.does; is playing C.is doing; plays D.is doing; is playing 10.I at the picture now. I some koalas in it. A.am looking; see B.look; seeing C.am looking; am seeing D.look; see 11.—What’s Li Hua doing? —He ________ the guitar now. And he ________ the guitar every evening. A.is playing; playing B.plays; plays C.plays; is playing D.is playing; plays 12.Bob ________ basketball and he looks ________ his father. A.likes, like B.like, likes C.likes, likes D.like, like 13.—What club does he join? —He can _________ pictures, so he ________ the art club. A.draw; join B.draws; joins C.draws; join D.draw; joins 14.—Where is your grandmother? —She ________ in the park now. She usually ________ there after dinner. A.walks; walks B.walk; walking C.is walking; walks D.is walking; is walking 15.He often ________ in the park. But now he ________ on the school playground. A.runs, running B.run, running C.runs, is running D.running, running 16.—Who is that girl? —She’s Tina. She’s playing volleyball with her friends. She often ________ sports after school. A.play B.plays C.is playing D.are playing 17.—Where ________ your father usually eat breakfast? —At home. But I usually ________ breakfast at school. A.do; have B.does; has C.do; has D.does; have 18.The earth is a planet (行星) and it ________ around the sun. A.goes B.go C.will go D.went 19.Joe ________ in No.6 Middle School. He thinks it’s a good ________. A.works; work B.work; job C.works; job D.work; work 20.Listen! Dave _______ now. He always _______ in the morning. A.is singing; is singing B.is singing; sings C.sings; is singing D.sings; sings 21.Bill likes reading. He ________ picture books with his dad every evening. A.read B.reads C.is reading D.to read 22.It often _________ here in winter. Look! It’s _________ again. A.snows; snowing B.snowy; snowing C.snows; snows D.snowing; snows 23.—Look at that kid. He ________ the tree in the garden. —We must tell him it’s dangerous to do it. A.climb B.climbs C.climbed D.is climbing 24.—Kate, can you help me? —Just a minute, Mum. I my homework. A.do B.did C.does D.am doing 25.Listen! Ann and Kate ________ in the next room. A.is sing B.are sing C.is singing D.are singing 26.—______Lucy and Lily watching TV now? —No, they ______. A.Is; isn’t B.Do; don’t C.Are; aren’t D.Can; can’t 27.—________? —She’s reading. A. What’s she doing B.How’s it going C.How is she going D.What’s she do 28.—Where is Joe? —He ________ the drums in the music club now. A.is playing B.playing C.plays D.play 29.—I am thirsty. Can you buy some ________ for me? —Your brother is ________ Coke and you can ask some from him. A.drink; drink B.drinks; drinks C.drinks; drinking D.drinking; drink 30.Now my friend and I ______ photos. A.am taking B.are taking C.take D.are take 31.Be quiet, please. The students ______ a class now. A.have B.had C.are having D.having 32.Look! Some children ______ in the pool. Let’s go and join them. A.swim B.are swimming C.will swim D.swims 33.Listen! They ______ in the classroom. A.sing B.sings C.are sing D.are singing 34.—What’s the girl doing? —________. A.He is cooking B.She is cooking C.He likes cooking D.She likes to cook 35.Mike is watching TV and Paul ________. A.is listening a CD B.listens a CD C.is listening to a CD D.listens to a CD 36.—Where is Lucy? — Oh, she _____ the classroom. She is on duty today. A.cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning 37.—What is Rick doing? —He ________ for a test. A.study B.is studying C.studies D.to study 38.— The radio says it is a ________ day today. — Yes. It’s ________ heavily now. A.rain; raining B.rainy; raining C.rainy; rainy D.rain; rainy 39.—The party is beginning. Where is Peter now? —Oh, he can’t come. He ________ for a test at home. A.studies B.study C.studied D.is studying 40.Look! Henry ________ lots of photos on the Great Wall. A.are taking B.take C.is taking D.takes 41.Don’t talk! Because my parents ________ A.sleeping B.are sleep C.are sleeping 42.Look! The men ________ in the river. A.swim B.are swimming C.is swimming D.swims 43.—Is Jessica playing tennis? —________. She is listening to a CD. A.Yes, she is B.No, she isn’t C.Yes, she does D.No, she doesn’t 44.It’s 9:00 p.m. now. Amy and her mother ________ TV. A.watch B.is watching C.are watching D.watches 45.—May I use your dictionary? —Sorry, I ________ it now. A.am using B.use C.used D.using 参考答案: 1.D 【详解】句意:中国南方经常下雨。 考查动词辨析和常识。snow下雪,动词原形;snows下雪,动词三单形式;rainy多雨的,形容词;rains下雨,动词三单形式。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语动词;根据“often”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为It,谓语动词应用三单形式,排除A和C;根据生活常识可知,在中国,南方多雨,北方多雪,排除B。故选D。 2.B 【详解】句意:你通常把这些书放在桌子下面。你为什么不把这些书放进盒子里?  考查时态及特殊疑问句。分析第一个空所在句的句子结构可知,空处为句子的谓语,根据空前的“usually”可知,时态为一般现在时,主语为“You”,所以此处应用动词原形;根据第二个空空前的“don’t”可知,此处应用动词原形。故选B。 3.A 【详解】句意:——你每天早上都读英语吗?——是的,但是现在我在读中文。 考查一般现在时和一般疑问句。根据“every morning”可知,问句应用一般现在时,故排除选项C(现在进行时);选项B的结构有误,are应与动词-ing连用,也可排除B;问句的主语是“you”,此时助动词应用do。故选A。 4.B 【详解】句意:他最好的朋友之一来自美国。 考查主谓一致和动词时态。come from=be from表示“来自”,此句描述事实,是一般现在时, “one of+名词复数”表示“……之一”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,即用comes from或is from,故选B。 5.C 【详解】句意:图书馆每天都开着。它在早上九点开门。 考查open用法。open“开着的”,形容词;也可作动词,意为“开门营业”。第一空,根据“The library is … every day.”可知,此处表示图书馆每天门开着的状态,应用形容词open作表语;第二空,根据“It … at 9:00 in the morning.”可知,表示每天上午9点开门营业的动作,应用动词open,且时态为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,谓语用三单形式opens。故选C。 6.B 【详解】句意:我叔叔通常晚饭后喝水,但现在他正在喝茶。 考查动词时态。根据“usually”可知,空一所在句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单三形式。再根据“now”可知,空二所在句子是现在进行时,结构是be doing。故选B。 7.C 【详解】句意:——埃拉喜欢购物吗?——是的。她经常从商店里买东西。 考查非谓语动词和时态。根据often可知,第二空所在句子为一般现在时,主语为She,谓语动词用单三形式;再根据“She often...things from the stores.”可知,第一空是问埃拉是否喜欢购物,like doing意为“喜欢做某事”,故选C。 8.C 【详解】句意:——你父亲下午通常做什么?——他通常看报纸,但现在正在看电视。 考查动词辨析。look看,强调动作,后接宾语与at连用;see看,强调结果;watch观看,通常指电视、比赛等;read阅读,通常指看书、报纸等。根据“He usually…a newspaper, but now he…TV.”可知,看报纸应该用read,排除AB选项;看电视应用watch。故选C。 9.B 【详解】句意:吉姆通常在晚上做作业,但现在他在玩电脑游戏。 考查动词时态。do one’s homework“做作业”,根据“Jim usually”以及语境,第一空为一般现在时,动词填does;结合“now”可知,第二空指的是现在正在玩电脑游戏,为现在进行时。故选B。 10.A 【详解】句意:我现在正在看这张图片。我看到一些考拉在里面。 考查动词辨析及时态。look看,不及物动词,后面加介词at后再加宾语,表示看的过程,不侧重结果;see看到,及物动词,直接加宾语,表示看的结果。根据“I…at the picture now. I…some koalas in it.”可知,第一句应用look的现在进行时态,排除B、D;第二句应表示看到的结果,应用see,时态为一般现在时,排除C。故选A。 11.D 【详解】句意:——李华正在做什么?——他现在正在弹吉他。并且他每天晚上都弹吉他。 考查动词的时态。根据“What’s Li Hua doing?”和“now”可知,表示现在正在发生的事,应用现在进行时,即“be+现在分词”的结构,故排除选项B和C;根据“every evening”可知,表示现在经常发生的动作,应用一般现在时,此处主语he为三单,故谓语动词应用三单形式plays。故选D。 12.A 【详解】句意:鲍勃喜欢篮球,他看起来像他的父亲。 考查like的用法。like作动词时,意为“喜欢”;like作介词时,意为“像”。分析“Bob...basketball”可知,第一空是谓语动词,根据第二空前的“looks”可知,时态是一般现在时,主语Bob表示单数,所以动词like要用第三人称单数形式likes;根据第二空前的“looks”可知,此处考查短语look like“看起来像”,其中like作介词。故选A。 13.D 【详解】句意:——他加入了什么俱乐部?——他会画画,所以他加入了艺术俱乐部。 考查动词用法和一般现在时。draw画画;join加入。情态动词can后面要用动词原形,所以第一空填draw;根据语境可知,时态为一般现在时,后一分句中he作主语,谓语动词join需要用第三人称单数形式joins。故选D。 14.C 【详解】句意:——你奶奶在哪里?——她现在在公园散步。她通常在晚饭后步行去那里。 考查动词时态。根据“now”可知,第一空所在句用现在进行时(be doing);根据“usually”可知,第二空所在句用一般现在时,主语是she,所以谓语动词用三单形式,故选C。 15.C 【详解】句意:他经常在公园里跑步。但是现在他正在学校操场上跑步。 考查时态。根据“often”可知,第一句时态为一般现在时,主语为He,动词用三单;再根据“now”可知,第二空时态为现在进行时,结构为be doing,主语为he,be动词用is,故选C。 16.B 【详解】句意:——那个女孩是谁?——她是蒂娜。她正在和朋友们打排球。放学后她经常做运动。 考查动词的时态。结合语境和“often”可知,空格处句子为一般现在时,由于主语She是第三人称单数形式,故谓语动词应用三单形式plays。故选B。 17.D 【详解】句意:——你爸爸通常在哪里吃早饭?——在家。不过我通常在学校吃早饭。 考查主谓一致。根据“Where ... your father usually eat breakfast?”可知,空一处主语是三单your father,eat是实义动词,因此疑问句借助助动词does;根据“I usually ... breakfast”可知,空二处主语是I,谓语动词用原形have。故选D。 18.A 【详解】句意:地球是一个行星并且它绕着太阳转。 考查一般现在时。根据“The earth is a planet”和“and”可知句子时态为一般现在时,主语it为第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单,故选A。 19.C 【详解】句意:乔在第六中学工作。他认为这是一份好工作。 考查一般现在时和名词辨析。work工作,动词或不可数名词;job工作,可数名词。根据“in No.6 Middle School”可知,句子时态是一般现在时,句子缺少谓语,主语是Joe,works符合句意;根据“a good”可知,需要名词单数,故选C。 20.B 【详解】句意:听!戴夫正在唱歌。他总是在早上唱歌。 考查现在进行时和一般现在时。根据“Listen!”可知,此处表示正在进行的动作,所以第一空应用现在进行时,应填is singing;根据第二空前的“always”可知,此处表示经常性动作,所以第二空应用一般现在时,应填sings。故选B。 21.B 【详解】句意:比尔喜欢读书。他每天晚上和他爸爸一起看图画书。 考查时态。此处在句中作谓语,根据“every evening”可知,是一般现在时,主语是He,动词用三单。故选B。 22.A 【详解】句意:这里冬天经常下雪。看!又下雪了。 考查时态。根据“often”可知句子用一般现在时,主语是It,谓语动词用单三snows;根据“Look”可知此处表示正在下雪,用现在进行时,故此处用现在分词snowing。故选A。 23.D 【详解】句意:——看那个小孩。他在花园里爬树。 ——我们必须告诉他那样做很危险。 考查现在进行时。根据“Look at that kid.”可知,此处是指他正在花园里爬树,句子时态用现在进行时,其结构为be doing,主语为He,be动词用is,动词climb的现在分词为climbing。故选D。 24.D 【详解】句意:——凯特,你能帮我吗?——等一下,妈妈。我正在做作业。 考查动词时态。根据“Just a minute, Mum. I ... my homework.”可知,此处表示正在发生的动作,时态用现在进行时am/is/are doing,主语是I,be用am。故选D。 25.D 【详解】句意:听!安和凯特在隔壁房间唱歌。 考查时态。根据“Listen”可知表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时be doing,主语是Ann and Kate,be动词用are。故选D。 26.C 【详解】句意:——露西和莉莉正在看电视吗?——不,她们没有看。 考查一般疑问句。问句是现在进行时,空处应填be动词,主语是复数,be动词用are,排除ABD,故选C。 27.A 【详解】句意:——她在做什么?——她在读书。 考查特殊疑问句。根据答语“She’s reading.”可知,此处询问她在做什么,应用what引导特殊疑问句,时态为现在进行时。故选A。 28.A 【详解】句意:——Joe在哪里?——现在,他在音乐俱乐部打鼓。 考查时态。根据“Where is Joe?”及“now”可知,此处表示现在正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时。故选A。 29.C 【详解】句意:——我很渴。你能买一些饮料给我吗?——你哥哥正在喝可乐,你可以问他要一些。 考查名词和现在进行时。根据“Can you buy some... for me?”可知,此处指买一些饮料,drink作名词,若表示种类或一杯/份饮料时,是可数名词,故应用其复数形式。根据第二空前的“is”可知,本句是现在进行时,结构为be doing,故第二空用drink的现在分词drinking。故选C。 30.B 【详解】句意:现在我朋友和我在拍照。 考查时态。根据“Now”可知此处表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时be doing,主语是my friend and I,be动词用are。故选B。 31.C 【详解】句意:请安静。学生们正在上课。 考查动词时态。根据“now”可知,学生们现在正在上课,应用现在进行时,主语是复数,be动词用are,故选C。 32.B 【详解】句意:看!一些小孩正在池子里游泳。我们去加入他们吧。 考查动词的时态。根据提示词“Look”可知,此句应用现在进行时。故选B。 33.D 【详解】句意:听!他们在教室里唱歌。 考查动词时态。根据“Listen!”可知,本句是现在进行时(be doing),排除AB选项;sing的现在分词为singing。故选D。 34.B 【详解】句意:——那个女孩正在做什么?——她正在做饭。 考查动词时态。根据问句“What’s the girl doing?”可知,其答句应是描述“正在做什么事情”,需用现在进行时,且主语为she“她”。故选B。 35.C 【详解】句意:迈克在看电视,保罗在听CD。 考查现在进行时和动词短语。listen to“听”,是固定短语,故排除选项A和B;and表并列,前后时态应一致,结合“is watching TV and”,空处也应用现在进行时,“is listening to a CD”符合语境。故选C。 36.B 【详解】句意:——露西在哪儿?——哦,她正在打扫教室。她今天值日。 考查动词时态。根据“Where is Lucy?”可知,打扫教室的动作正在发生,应用现在进行时,主语是三单,be动词用is。故选B。 37.B 【详解】句意:——Rick正在做什么?——他正在为考试而学习。 考查现在进行时。根据问句“What is Rick doing?”可知,时态为现在进行时“am/is/are doing”,故选B。 38.B 【详解】句意:——收音机上说今天是一个雨天。——是的,看!现在雨下大了。 考查形容词及动词现在分词。rain下雨,动词;rainy下雨的,有雨的,形容词;raining是现在分词形式。第一个空后day是名词,这里应填形容词作定语,故用rainy;第二个空表示正在发生的事情,用现在进行时,空前是It is的缩写,这里应用现在分词。故选B。 39.D 【详解】句意:——晚会即将开始。彼得现在在哪里呢?——哦,他不能来了,他正在家里为考试学习。 考查时态。根据“Oh, he can’t come”可知,此句是说他正在家为考试而学习,应用现在进行时,其构成为“am/is/are doing”。故选D。 40.C 【详解】句意:看! 亨利正在长城上拍很多照片。 考查动词时态。根据“Look!”可知,时态用现在进行时am/is/are doing,主语是Henry,be用is。故选C。 41.C 【详解】句意:不要说话!因为我的父母正在睡觉。 考查现在进行时。根据“Don’t talk.”可知父母正在睡觉,不要说话。现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,结构是am/is/are doing;主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。 42.B 【详解】句意:看!男人们在河里游泳。 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“Look!”可知,时态是现在进行时,主语“The men”是复数,be动词用are。故选B。 43.B 【详解】句意:——Jessica正在打网球吗?——不,她不是。她正在听CD。 考查一般疑问句。根据“Is Jessica playing tennis?”可知,该问句为is引导的一般疑问句,回答时谓语应用is,排除C和D;根据“She is listening to a CD.”可知,她没在打网球,应作否定回答。故选B。 44.C 【详解】句意:现在是晚上9点整。Amy和她的妈妈正在看电视。 考查时态。根据“It’s 9:00 p.m. now.”可知句子应用现在进行时,主语为“Amy and her mother”,be动词应用are,watch的现在分词为watching。故选C。 45.A 【详解】句意:——我可以用你的字典吗?——抱歉,我现在正在使用它。 考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知句子应用现在进行时,主语为I,be动词用am,动词use的现在分词为using。故选A。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 一般现在时和现在进行时 目录 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 学以致用:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1. 一般现在时态的基本结构和用法 2. 现在进行时的基本结构和用法 一般现在时 考向一:一般现在时的用法 ①表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与频度副词连用。 I often take a walk in the park. 我经常在公园散步。 ②表示客观事实、真理。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 ③在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go bike riding in the open air. 如果明天不下雨,我将在户外骑自行车。 I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back. 当她回来的时候,我将把这个好消息告诉她。 ④表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 考向二:一般现在时的构成 在一般情况下用动词原形,若主语为第三人称单数,一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s read→reads love→loves 以s,o,x,ch,sh结尾 加-es pass→passes box→boxes teach→teaches wash→washes 以辅音字母 + y结尾 将y变为i,再加-es carry→carries study→studies 不规则变化 have→has be→am/is/are 现在进行时 一、现在进行时的定义 现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。 The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。 The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。 二、现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由"be+现在分词(v-ing)"构成。be应为助动词,一定不要漏掉!它应与主语的人称和数保持一致,即:I am/he/she/it 包括单数名词和不可数名词用is,you/we/they 包括复数名词用are。 1. 现在分词变化规则如下: a. 动词后直接+- ing(例:sleep+-ing→sleeping) b. 去掉不发音的e+-ing(例:bite-e+-ing→biting) c. 重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+-ing(例:sitting,beginning,getting,putting,running,stopping,cutting) d. 特殊变化:die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying 2. 句式构成如下: 肯定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其他。 They are having an English class. 他们在上英语课。 否定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not +现在分词+其他。 They aren’t having an English class. 他们不在上英语课。 一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他? Are they having an English class? 他们在上英语课吗? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其他? What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么? 助动词变化口诀:变疑问,往前提,句后问号莫丢弃;变否定,更容易,be后not 莫忘记。 三、现在进行时的应用 A表示现在( 指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. C. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动。 I’m leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了) We’re flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了) 在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况: (1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。 They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。 (2)以look,listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。 Listen! She is singing an English song. 听,她正在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week,these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。 We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。 Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 四、现在进行时与一般现在时的区别 (1) 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作,而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如: I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情) I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为) (2) 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作,而一般现在时只表动作的重复,而不表示动作的持续。 What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么? They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。 They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。 They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。 (3) 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时,表示动作的重复。 The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。 His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。 (5) 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。 I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一个忙。 I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。 四类动词不用进行时 英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时) 1. 表心理状态、情感的动词,如love, hate, like, care, respect, please, prefer, know等,若用进行时则词义改变。 2. 表存在、状态的动词,如appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem等 3. 表感觉的动词,如see, hear, feel, smell, sound, taste等 4. 表一时性的动词,如accept, allow, admit, decide, end, refuse, permit, promise等。 五、现在进行时的特殊用法 1. 现在进行时表暂时 现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的状况。 —What’s your daughter doing these days? 你女儿现在在干什么? —She’s studying English at Durham University. 她在达勒姆大学学习英语。 这种情况不一定在说话时发生: Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it . 别把梯子拿走,你父亲在用呢。(即不一定现在在用。) She’s at her best when she’s making big decisions. 当做出最大决定时,她处于最佳状态。 暂时发生的事情也可以是在说话时正在进行着: The river is flowing very fast after last night’s rain. 昨夜下过雨后,河水流速很快。 现在进行时也用来表示当前的动向: People are becoming less tolerant of smoking these days. 如今人们对吸烟较为难以忍受了。 2. 现在进行时表将来 意为:意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。 I’m leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week? 现在进行时巧记口诀 look, listen是标志,现在进行正发生; 有时now在句中现,"be+v-ing"时态成。 若问be用何形式,须看主语数、人称。 he/she is, I am,we, you, they后are紧跟。 v-ing形式更好记,三种构成要分清。 一般问句be提前,be后加not否定成! 真题感知 一、单项选择 1.It often ______ in South China. A.snow B.snows C.rainy D.rains 2.You usually ________ these books under the desk. Why don’t you ________ these books into the box? A.put; putting B.put; put C.putting; put D.putting; putting 3.—________ you ________ English every morning? —Yes, but now I am reading Chinese. A.Do; read B.Are; read C.Are; reading D.Does; read 4.One of his best friends ________ the US. A.come from B.is from C.are from D.are coming from 5.The library is ________ every day. It ________ at 9: 00 in the morning. A.open; open B.opened; opens C.open; opens 6.My uncle usually ________ water after dinner, but now he ________ tea. A.drinks; drinks B.drinks; is drinking C.is drinking; drinks D.is drinking; is drinking 7.—Does Ella like ________? —Yes. She often ________ things from the stores. A.shop; buys B.shop; is buying C.shopping; buys D.shopping; is buying 8.—What does your father usually do in the afternoon? —He usually ________ a newspaper, but now he ________ TV. A.looks;sees B.looks at;watches C.reads;is watching D.reads;is seeing 9.Jim usually _________ his homework in the evening, but he _______ computer games now. A.does; plays B.does; is playing C.is doing; plays D.is doing; is playing 10.I at the picture now. I some koalas in it. A.am looking; see B.look; seeing C.am looking; am seeing D.look; see 11.—What’s Li Hua doing? —He ________ the guitar now. And he ________ the guitar every evening. A.is playing; playing B.plays; plays C.plays; is playing D.is playing; plays 12.Bob ________ basketball and he looks ________ his father. A.likes, like B.like, likes C.likes, likes D.like, like 13.—What club does he join? —He can _________ pictures, so he ________ the art club. A.draw; join B.draws; joins C.draws; join D.draw; joins 14.—Where is your grandmother? —She ________ in the park now. She usually ________ there after dinner. A.walks; walks B.walk; walking C.is walking; walks D.is walking; is walking 15.He often ________ in the park. But now he ________ on the school playground. A.runs, running B.run, running C.runs, is running D.running, running 16.—Who is that girl? —She’s Tina. She’s playing volleyball with her friends. She often ________ sports after school. A.play B.plays C.is playing D.are playing 17.—Where ________ your father usually eat breakfast? —At home. But I usually ________ breakfast at school. A.do; have B.does; has C.do; has D.does; have 18.The earth is a planet (行星) and it ________ around the sun. A.goes B.go C.will go D.went 19.Joe ________ in No.6 Middle School. He thinks it’s a good ________. A.works; work B.work; job C.works; job D.work; work 20.Listen! Dave _______ now. He always _______ in the morning. A.is singing; is singing B.is singing; sings C.sings; is singing D.sings; sings 21.Bill likes reading. He ________ picture books with his dad every evening. A.read B.reads C.is reading D.to read 22.It often _________ here in winter. Look! It’s _________ again. A.snows; snowing B.snowy; snowing C.snows; snows D.snowing; snows 23.—Look at that kid. He ________ the tree in the garden. —We must tell him it’s dangerous to do it. A.climb B.climbs C.climbed D.is climbing 24.—Kate, can you help me? —Just a minute, Mum. I my homework. A.do B.did C.does D.am doing 25.Listen! Ann and Kate ________ in the next room. A.is sing B.are sing C.is singing D.are singing 26.—______Lucy and Lily watching TV now? —No, they ______. A.Is; isn’t B.Do; don’t C.Are; aren’t D.Can; can’t 27.—________? —She’s reading. A. What’s she doing B.How’s it going C.How is she going D.What’s she do 28.—Where is Joe? —He ________ the drums in the music club now. A.is playing B.playing C.plays D.play 29.—I am thirsty. Can you buy some ________ for me? —Your brother is ________ Coke and you can ask some from him. A.drink; drink B.drinks; drinks C.drinks; drinking D.drinking; drink 30.Now my friend and I ______ photos. A.am taking B.are taking C.take D.are take 31.Be quiet, please. The students ______ a class now. A.have B.had C.are having D.having 32.Look! Some children ______ in the pool. Let’s go and join them. A.swim B.are swimming C.will swim D.swims 33.Listen! They ______ in the classroom. A.sing B.sings C.are sing D.are singing 34.—What’s the girl doing? —________. A.He is cooking B.She is cooking C.He likes cooking D.She likes to cook 35.Mike is watching TV and Paul ________. A.is listening a CD B.listens a CD C.is listening to a CD D.listens to a CD 36.—Where is Lucy? — Oh, she _____ the classroom. She is on duty today. A.cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning 37.—What is Rick doing? —He ________ for a test. A.study B.is studying C.studies D.to study 38.— The radio says it is a ________ day today. — Yes. It’s ________ heavily now. A.rain; raining B.rainy; raining C.rainy; rainy D.rain; rainy 39.—The party is beginning. Where is Peter now? —Oh, he can’t come. He ________ for a test at home. A.studies B.study C.studied D.is studying 40.Look! Henry ________ lots of photos on the Great Wall. A.are taking B.take C.is taking D.takes 41.Don’t talk! Because my parents ________ A.sleeping B.are sleep C.are sleeping 42.Look! The men ________ in the river. A.swim B.are swimming C.is swimming D.swims 43.—Is Jessica playing tennis? —________. She is listening to a CD. A.Yes, she is B.No, she isn’t C.Yes, she does D.No, she doesn’t 44.It’s 9:00 p.m. now. Amy and her mother ________ TV. A.watch B.is watching C.are watching D.watches 45.—May I use your dictionary? —Sorry, I ________ it now. A.am using B.use C.used D.using ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题07 一般现在时和现在进行时-【暑假自学课】2024年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(人教版)
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