10.2023年沂源县学业水平第一次模拟试题-【3年真题·2年模拟·1年预测】2024年山东省淄博市中考英语

— 55 — — 56 — — 57 — 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　一、听力选择。 (共 20 小题,满分 20 分) 　 　 略 二、完形填空。 (共 10 小题,满分 15 分) 　 　 阅读下面的短文,从各题 A、B、C、D 中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 　 　 Becky Schroeder was only ten when she came up with the idea of the glow-paper. Two years later,in 1974,she became the 　 21　 female(女性) to receive a patent(专利) in the US. 　 　 The 　 22　 came to her when she tried to do her homework in the family car,while her mother was going shopping. It was getting dark,and she couldn􀆳t 　 23　 the words on her notebook clearly. She didn􀆳t have a flashlight and thought how nice it would be to have a piece of paper that could glow(发光) and allow her to write 　 24　 light. 　 　 Most kids would just 　 25　 ,but Becky took this idea a step further. She decided to invent a product that would do just that. 　 　 She remembered those toys which glow in the dark. After researching how they worked,she 　 26　 they all used special paint. The paint can store energy when a light shines on it and then glow in the dark. 　 　 Becky bought the 　 27　 home the next day. In the darkest room in her house,she spent the evening carrying out research 　 28　 she got it. 　 　 Her invention,the glow-paper,includes a board coated with the paint. Once a piece of paper is placed on it,it glows and you can see your writing or read 　 29　 . 　 　 The invention was a huge 　 30　 . It has been used by photographers at their dark rooms,by doctors to read patients􀆳 reports at night and even by NASA when their electrical systems are turned down. ( 　 　 )21. A. smartest B. prettiest C. youngest D. shortest ( 　 　 )22. A. trick B. idea C. message D. report ( 　 　 )23. A. touch B. see C. notice D. realize ( 　 　 )24. A. under B. below C. without D. beside ( 　 　 )25. A. discuss B. practice C. expect D. imagine ( 　 　 )26. A. found out B. listened to C. pointed at D. worried about ( 　 　 )27. A. paper B. notebook C. toy D. paint ( 　 　 )28. A. if B. though C. until D. because ( 　 　 )29. A. easily B. patiently C. quietly D. comfortably ( 　 　 )30. A. project B. business C. progress D. success 三、阅读理解。 (共 16 小题,满分 32 分) 　 　 阅读短文 A、B 并做每篇后面的题目,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中选出能回答所提问题或完成所 给句子的最佳答案。 A 　 　 The chances of being hit by a falling helicopter ( 直升机) are low, but never zero! Two days before Logan Schneider􀆳s 19th birthday,an accident happened to him. While Logan was helping his brother on the farm in Wenatchee, Washington,a helicopter fell from the sky and landed directly on him. 　 　 Logan was wearing noise canceling head-phones(降噪耳机) just before the crash(坠落). He said he heard a couple of thumps(重击声) and looked up just in time to see the helicopter falling straight to him. He hardly had time to think before a fire broke out. As he tried to make his way out,he heard the pilot Cori Johnson shouting for help. 　 　 “I heard him shouting,” Logan said. “ I looked around and saw him upside down hanging. Fire was everywhere. When I was in the moment,I really wasn􀆳t thinking. I was just doing. ” Logan reached Cori through the fire and brought him away from the fire. Once Cori was on his feet,Logan helped him get away just seconds before flames burst(爆炸) 30 feet into the air. 　 　 Firefighters arrived and put out the fire. Both Cori and Logan were taken to the hospital. Logan suffered second- degree burns on his arms and got hurt in his back,while Cori had a broken arm and several burns. 　 　 “I don􀆳t know how we both got out. I􀆳m lucky to be alive,” Logan said. “The craziest thing about the whole situation is that the pilot and I share the same birthday!” 　 　 Sounds like it was meant to be,right? Well,this story gets even more coincidental(巧合的). Logan has always planned to enter college to learn about planes so he can become a pilot. The crash has not stopped him,and he still plans to take to the skies at college. ( 　 　 )31. What is Para. 2 mainly talking about? A. The result of the accident. B. The cause of the accident. C. What the accident was like. D. What Logan thinks of the accident. ( 　 　 )32. What can we learn from Para. 3? A. The crash caused a small fire. B. Logan was brave enough to save the pilot. C. Logan and the pilot didn􀆳t run away in time. D. The pilot was hurt more seriously than Logan. ( 　 　 )33. Which of the following is the amazing part of the story? ①Logan and the pilot were both alive. 　 ②Logan plans to be a pilot in the future. 　 ③The pilot will be Logan􀆳s teacher at college. 　 ④Logan and the pilot share the same birthday. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ B 　 　 Online art classes have opened up a convenient space for people to get a start in the world of art. Tang Yingshan,a professor from The Open University of China in Beijing,started an online fine art education program. He believes that everyone can create a masterpiece painting. 　 　 Shan Lin,a woman from Guilin,has been learning fine art online for 17 months. She watches guide videos during lunch breaks and practices during her off-work hours. “ There is a flexible(灵活的) learning timetable and the guide videos can be played repeatedly for us to have a better understanding,” Shan said. “ The courses here don􀆳t cost much and teachers from art schools are invited to give classes. ” 　 　 Bai Li,who had worked for more than 20 years,became a student of Tang􀆳s class. She used to think it difficult to learn oil painting. After learning basic drawing for one year,Bai planned to attend an advanced class. “Happiness is my biggest gain from learning oil painting,” said Bai,adding that painting gives her a chance to forget about her age and feel full of energy once again. 　 　 By January 2022,more than 36,000 people from all walks of life had taken the online fine art education program. Although they have different jobs,they all find a way to express themselves in the world of art. Students at the beginner level are introduced into the world of art by copying world-famous paintings so that they can understand more about the artists􀆳 styles and skills. “I think everybody is a talented painter. What we do is help them learn to express themselves like painters do,” said Xiao Fei,an art teacher of the program. (　 　 )34. What do we know about Bai Li? A. Oil painting makes her feel young. B. She has learned oil painting for 20 years. C. She is full of energy all the time. D. It􀆳s difficult for her to learn oil painting. ( 　 　 )35. What does the underlined phrase “all walks of life” mean in Chinese? A. 世界各地 B. 不同年龄 C. 各行各业 D. 专业领域 (　 　 )36. What can we infer from the passage? A. Shan Lin has a lot of time to learn painting. 　 B. Bal Li will continue learning oil painting. 　 C. Tang Yingshan gets along well with his students. D. Xiao Fei used to be one of Tang Yingshan􀆳s students. ( 　 　 )37. What is the best title for the passage? A. Everybody Has a Talent for Painting B. Online Courses Are Becoming Popular C. More and More People Are Showing Interest in Painting D. Online Art Education Allows Everyone to Express Themselves C 　 　 阅读短文 C,根据短文内容,从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有一项为多余 选项。 　 　 The news right now seems to be filled with really hard stories. There are stories about floods and war. There are stories about people being hurt and houses being destroyed. 38. 　 　 　 　 　 　 But what you need to understand is that your reaction is natural. You won􀆳t be the only teenager to have this kind of thought or feeling. There are others around you who have the same reaction as you. It is also certain that adults are worried about these things too. So what can you do? 　 　 ● Talk about what is on your mind with adults you trust. Talk about how you are feeling with your parents, grandparents,teachers or someone else in your family. 39. 　 　 　 　 They will probably answer your questions and help you better understand what􀆳s going on. 　 　 ●40. 　 　 　 　 In Queensland,Australia,where the floods are, there are police,ambulance officers, soldiers, emergency workers and lots of volunteers who are rescuing people and animals. These are also the people who will help with the clean-up after the water goes away. 　 　 ●Big problems will finally be solved. It might take some time. It might take a lot of effort. But we will all be safe again. 　 　 ●Remind yourself that the people who love you still love you. You are still important to them. They want you to have fun and have friends. They will take care of you. 　 　 The one thing that you should always remember is that what you feel and think is important. 41. 　 　 　 　 The news can be hard to understand,but there are people around you who can help you make sense of it all. 10 2023 年沂源县学业水平第一次模拟试题 (时间:120 分钟　 总分:120 分) — 58 — — 59 — — 60 — A. Know that there are people out there who are trying to make things better. B. Many governments have come together to make the world a better place. C. It is OK to react(反应) in the way that you are. D. Tell them a little about what you􀆳re worried about. E. This kind of news can make you feel like the world is a hard place to live. D 　 　 阅读 D 部分的材料,将 42-46 小题中五个人在生活中犯的错误与安全常识 A-E 进行匹配。 　 　 42. 　 　 　 　 I always sit in the back seat when I take my mom􀆳s car. If I sit in the front,I have to wear the seat belt (安全带). I don􀆳t like it. 　 　 43. 　 　 　 　 There was a thunderstorm(雷雨) yesterday. I didn􀆳t want my mom to get wet on the way home,so I held up an umbrella to pick her up at the bus stop. 　 　 44. 　 　 　 　 The basketball game was over. I was so thirsty that I drank two bottles of water at a time. 　 　 45. 　 　 　 　 I often have a nosebleed,especially in winter. My grandma always asks me to tilt(倾斜) my head back to stop it. 　 　 46. 　 　 　 　 There is a river not far from my home. In summer,I like to swim in it with my friends. A. Don􀆳t hold an umbrella while there is thunder in the sky. The metal at the top of the umbrella can act as a conductor (导体) and the person carrying it will get an electric shock. The best way to keep safe in a thunderstorm is to stay at home. If you have to go out,wear a raincoat. B. Swimming is fun,but it can also be dangerous. Never ever go near a river or a lake without an adult who can swim. And don􀆳t play in the water you don􀆳t know well. Something in the river,like a rock or a tree branch,can hurt you. C. It may reduce the amount of blood that comes out of your nose. But tilting your head back allows the blood to run down your throat,which will cause you to cough. Just sit upright and lean your head slightly forward. And pinch(捏) the soft part of your nose continuously for at least 5 minutes. D. It􀆳s important to wear a seat belt,even in the back seat. It can protect the driver and passengers in the car against harmful movements that may result during an accident. It also reduces the possibility of death or serious injury by preventing people being ejected(将……猛扔出) from the car. E. Drinking water after exercise is the right thing to do,but you should consider whether you are drinking enough or too much water. Ideally,you must take around 250 ml of water within 30 minutes after exercise. If you drink too much water,your blood sodium(钠) level will become dangerously low. Sometimes deaths can even happen. 四、选词填空。 (共 10 小题,满分 15 分) 　 　 根据短文内容,选择适当的单词填空,使短文意思完整。 每个选项只用一次,有两项剩余。 training　 learn　 to　 wishes　 but　 other　 take　 younger　 country􀆳s　 activities　 once　 finally 　 　 How long can a person work for his or her dream? The following person can give you the answer. 　 　 After being a backup crew member(备份乘组成员) for about 25 years,Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming has 47. 　 　 　 　 achieved his space dream. He carried out his first space mission(任务) with two 48. 　 　 　 　 astronauts on the Shenzhou 15 spaceship. 　 　 The name of Deng,56 years old,was not known 49. 　 　 　 　 many people until China sent the Shenzhou 13 spaceship in October last year. His story — he was a backup for many years,50. 　 　 　 　 he still followed his space dream — touched many people. 　 　 Deng was born in a farming family in East China􀆳s Jiangxi Province. He has four 51. 　 　 　 　 brothers and sisters. As a hard-working student,he joined the People􀆳s Liberation Army Air Force(中国人民解放军空军) in June 1984. Then he got into a fighter jet regiment ( 战斗机团) in Jilin Province in November 1987. He became one of our 52. 　 　 　 　 first group of 14 astronauts in 1998. 　 　 In the following years,Deng spent almost all of his time 53. 　 　 　 　 ,and he tried very hard to 54. 　 　 　 　 every chance to fly into space. No matter how difficult road to space was,Deng never 55. 　 　 　 　 thought of giving up. 　 　 “ Be it a crew member or a backup, it is the job. And the success of the mission comes before my personal 56. 　 　 　 　 ,” Deng once said. 五、语法填空。 (共 10 题,满分 10 分) 　 　 阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 　 　 Japan started promoting(推动) “ no conversation” or “ less conversation” policies(政策) in schools,shops and supermarkets. 57. 　 　 　 　 ( little) talking means fewer risks of spreading the virus. But those policies seemed unfriendly to 58. 　 　 　 　 (business) like hair salons(美发厅),where conversation is part of the service. 　 　 But 59. 　 　 　 　 people􀆳s surprise,a Tokyo salon decided to offer a “silent cut” service. It became so popular that others 60. 　 　 　 　 (quick) followed suit(效仿). 　 　 “61. 　 　 　 　 wonderful it is! I􀆳ve been waiting for this service for 20 years. To avoid talking with the hairdresser (理发师),I only get a haircut every 3 years,” one person wrote about the “silent cut􀆳” service. 　 　 “I􀆳m saved because the conversation with the hairdresser often 62. 　 　 　 　 (make) me feel uncomfortable,” said another. 　 　 A recent study showed that over 70 percent of people preferred the silent experience. They found it more relaxing,as they were able 63. 　 　 　 　 (rest) instead of spending time 64. 　 　 　 　 ( listen) to unwanted information and making small talk. 　 　 As it turned out,hairdressers preferred the “silent cut” as well. Many hairdressers said that they were taught to chat with guests in 65. 　 　 　 　 ( they) apprenticeship(学徒期). 　 　 “ I started chatting because I was taught in my early days to ‘ talk to guests and get information about their preferences’,66. 　 　 　 　 it􀆳s too difficult for me to focus on topics that I don􀆳t like. So I prefer this service,” one hairdresser said. 六、阅读表达。 (共 5 小题,满分 10 分) 　 　 阅读短文,根据要求回答问题。 　 　 Have you ever thought how you􀆳ll get drinkable water in the wild? I often advise my students to collect dew(露水). It􀆳s probably the simplest and safest way in a survival situation. 　 　 The only things needed to collect dew are a piece of cloth and a glass. Just wipe(擦) the tiny drops of water on the grass and wring(拧出) the water into the glass. Collect the small drops from grass,rocks and leaves. Do not,of course, collect drops near a highway or in a polluted area. 　 　 You have to get up early and work hard because dew doesn􀆳t stay around very long. Some of you might think it􀆳s hard to collect enough water using this method. You􀆳re wrong. Some of my students have collected more than a quart a day in some of the hottest southwest deserts. On my farm in New Jersey,two students once used this skill to fill a 20-gallon glass with water in less than two hours. 　 　 By the way,although dew is an excellent water source,the same cannot be said for snow. 　 　 Now whenever I tell my students to avoid eating snow,they look at me in surprise as if I was crazy. However,the fact is that it takes a lot of body energy to melt(融化) snow,and in cold weather a person can􀆳t afford anything that uses up his / her energy. It􀆳s best to melt snow or ice and warm the water before you drink it. You can do so by building a fire or dropping a heated rock into a glass of snow. 67. What do people need to use to collect dew? 　 68. Why does the writer give two examples of his students collecting dew? 　 69. How do the writer􀆳s students feel when they are told not to eat snow? 　 70. How can people melt snow and warm the water? Please list two ways. 　 71. What􀆳s the writer􀆳s purpose in writing the passage? 　 七、书面表达。 (共 1 题,满分 18 分) 　 　 眼睛是心灵的窗户。 我们必须呵护它们。 请你根据以下要点写一篇关于保护眼睛的倡议书: 　 　 1. 阐述保护眼睛的重要性; 　 　 2. 给出如何保护眼睛的建议。 　 　 注意:1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 世界中产生影响。 make an influence 意为“产生影 响”,为固定搭配。 故填 influence。 46. to learn　 【解析】句意:这会让学习知识变得更有 趣。 此空应填动词不定式作名词 knowledge 的定 语,表示“要学的知识”。 故填 to learn。 五、阅读表达。 【文章大意】本文讲述了教育部提出的一项新的学校 劳动教育标准,新标准包括三种类型的劳动任务,同 时说明了劳动教育对于学生的重要性。 47. Students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least once a week. 【解析】 根据第二段“students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least once a week”可知,根据学校的劳动教育标准,中小 学生必须每周至少参加一次劳动技能课程。 48. Everyday chores,productive labor and service work. 【解析】 根 据 第 四 段 “ The first is for things like everyday chores... Next is productive labor... The third type is service work”可知,新标准包括三种类型的 劳动任务:日常杂务、生产劳动和服务工作。 49. Labor education must be built up to help students cultivate social values and develop an interest in labor. 【解析】 根据第五段 “But according to the MOE, labor education... an interest in labor. ”可知,加强劳 动教育,能帮助学生培养社会价值观和培养对劳 动的兴趣。 50. She strongly supports labor education. 【解析】根据倒数第三段“Liu Fang,a mother of 6 years old twins in Beijing, strongly supports labor education. ”可知,刘芳非常支持劳动教育。 51. The labor education can bring students fun and independence. 【解析】本题为开放性试题,答案言之有理且表达 无误即可。 六、书面表达。 【审题指导】本文是一篇材料作文。 要求以所取得的 进步为主题写一篇短文,谈谈你在生活和学习方面取 得的进步,以及对未来的展望。 注意不要遗漏材料中 给出的要点,注意标点符号及大小写等问题,不要犯 语法错误。 注意上下文之间的逻辑关系,语意连贯。 【写作指导】本文时态为现在完成时为主,使用第一人 称。 第一步:承接短文开头;第二步:直入主题,谈谈 自己在生活和学习方面取得的进步;第三步:具体谈 论自己对未来的展望。 One possible version: The Progress I􀆳ve Made 　 　 Looking back on the past four years, I have made great progress. 　 　 First of all,I have made many friends. We share our feelings with each other. I am not shy any longer and become active and confident. With the help of my parents,I have learned to do some housework, such as cleaning my room,cooking and so on. I can take care of myself well now. Thanks to my kind and patient teachers, I have developed good learning habits and done better in study as well. 　 　 I will make greater efforts to achieve greater success in the future. 10 2023 年沂源县学业水平第一次模拟试题 答案速查 21-25 26-30 31-33 34-37 38-41 42-46 CBBCD ADCAD CBD ACBD EDAC DAECB 一、听力选择。 略 二、完形填空。 【文章大意】本文介绍了 Becky 的发明过程,她因为自 身的经历发明了一种可以在黑暗中读写的纸张,从而 成为在美国获得专利的最年轻的女性。 21. C　 【解析】考查形容词最高级辨析。 句意:两年 后,在 1974 年,她成为在美国获得专利的最年轻的 女性。 smartest 最 聪 明 的; prettiest 最 漂 亮 的; youngest 最年轻的;shortest 最矮的。 根据前后文中 “was only ten” 和 “ Two years later, in 1974, she became... in the US. ”可知,Becky 获得专利的时候 只有 12 岁,可推断出她当时在美国是获得专利最 年轻的女性。 故选 C。 22. B　 【解析】考查名词辨析。 句意:当她的妈妈要去 购物,她试着在家里的车上写作业时,她想到了这 个主意。 trick 诡计;idea 主意;message 信息;report 报告。 根据下文“ thought how nice it would be to have a piece of paper that could glow(发光)”以及 “ took this idea a step further”可知,此处指有想要发 明一种可以发光的纸的想法。 The idea came to her 意为“她有了个主意 / 想法”。 故选 B。 23. B　 【解析】考查动词辨析。 句意:天渐渐黑了,她 不能清楚地看到笔记上的单词。 touch 触摸;see 看 到;notice 注意到; realize 认识到。 根 据 “ It was getting dark”并结合常识可知,天黑后容易看不清 东西。 故选 B。 24. C　 【解析】考查介词辨析。 句意:她没有手电筒, 她想象着如果有一张纸能在黑暗中闪闪发光,让 她可以在没有光线的情况下写作业那该有多好。 under 在 …… 下面 (一般表示垂直的正下方); below(数量等)低于,在……下面(可在正下方或 非正下方);without 没有;beside 在……旁边。 根 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —82— 据前文可知,天色黑暗以及没有光线影响了 Becky 写作业,因此她萌生出了制作发光纸的点子,让她 在没有光线的情况下也可以写东西。 故选 C。 25. D　 【解析】考查动词辨析。 句意:大多数孩子仅仅 想一想就算了,但是 Becky 采取了进一步的行动。 discuss 讨论;practice 练习;expect 期待;imagine 想 象。 根据后文中 “ She decided to invent a product that would do just that. ”可知,Becky 不只是想象, 而是要付诸进一步的行动。 故选 D。 26. A　 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。 句意:研究了它们 如何工作之后,她发现它们全都使用了一种特别 的涂料。 found out 发现; listened to 听;pointed at 指;worried about 担心,关心。 根据上下文语境可 知,Becky 在做了研究后,发现了在黑暗中亮光的 玩具都用了一种特殊的涂料。 故选 A。 27. D 　 【解析】考查名词辨析。 句意:第二天,Becky 把这种涂料买回家了。 paper 纸张;notebook 笔记 本;toy 玩具;paint 涂料。 根据上下文语境可知, Becky 发现了一种特殊的涂料,这种涂料可以使得 玩具在黑暗中发光,她想研究这种涂料用于研制 自己的发光纸,因此应是去买这种涂料回家研究。 故选 D。 28. C　 【解析】考查连词辨析。 句意:在她家中最黑暗 的房间里,她花了一晚上的时间进行研究,直到她 发明出了发光纸。 if 如果;though 即使,尽管;until 直到;because 因为。 根据后文中“she got it”可知, Becky 已经成功发明出了发光纸,此处指她整晚都 在做研究直到她成功。 故选 C。 29. A　 【解析】考查副词辨析。 句意:一旦把一张纸放 在它(发光纸)上面,它就会发光,你就可以很容易 看到你的书写或者阅读。 easily 容易地;patiently 有耐心地;quietly 安静地;comfortably 舒适地。 根 据前文可知,在没有光线的情况下在黑暗中写作 很困难,由此可推断出当发光纸发明出来后,这样 的情况会变得容易得多。 故选 A。 30. D　 【解析】考查名词辨析。 句意:这项发明是一个 巨大的成功。 project 项目;business 商业;progress 进步;success 成功。 根据前后文可知,这项发明被 摄影师、医生甚至美国国家航天局所使用,还获得 了专利,因此它是一个巨大的成功。 故选 D。 三、阅读理解。 A　 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了洛根·施耐德在农 场帮助他的哥哥时遇到直升机坠机,他在直升机爆炸 前成功地救出飞行员的故事。 31. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段内容可知,本 段主要讲述了坠机事故发生的全过程,因此选项 C “这次事故是什么样子的”符合题意。 故选 C。 32. B　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据“Logan reached Cori through the fire... into the air. ”可知,洛根不顾自身 安全,穿过大火并在飞机爆炸前几秒把飞行员带 了出来,因此洛根是非常勇敢的。 故选 B。 33. D　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据文章最后两段可知, ①②④在文中都有提及,而③“这个飞行员会成为 洛根在大学的老师。”表述不正确,文中最后一段 是说洛根想在大学学习飞机知识,他以后也想做 一名飞行员,并没有提到这个被救的飞行员。 故 选 D。 B　 【文章大意】本文介绍了国家开放大学唐应山教 授的一个在线美术教育课程,这个课程为人们提供了 新的方式,让人们可以更好地表达自己。 34. A 　 【 解 析 】 推 理 判 断 题。 根 据 第 三 段 中 “Happiness is my biggest gain from learning... full of energy once again. ”可知,油画使她忘记年龄,再次 感到活力充沛,说明就像回到年轻的时候一样。 故选 A。 35. C　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据第四段中“Although they have different jobs(尽管他们有不同的工作)” 可知,all walks of life 意为“各行各业”,符合语境。 故选 C。 36. B 　 【解析】 推 理 判 断 题。 根 据 第 三 段 中 “ Bai planned to attend an advanced class(白打算参加一 个高级学习班)”以及“painting gives her a chance to forget about her age and feel full of energy once again(绘画让她有机会忘记自己的年龄,重新充满 活力)”可推知,白莉喜欢油画,她会继续学习油 画。 故选 B。 37. D　 【解析】标题归纳题。 本文介绍了国家开放大 学唐应山教授的一个在线美术教育课程,这个课 程为人们提供了新的方式,让人们可以更好地表 达自己。 因此选项 D“在线艺术教育让每个人都 能表达自己。”最合适作标题。 故选 D。 C　 【文章大意】本文讲述了当听到不好的新闻时,出 现担忧的自然反应是正常的,但你可以和你信任的成 年人谈谈你的感受,他们会帮助你理解这一切。 38. E　 【解析】根据前文中“The news right now seems to be filled with really hard stories... and houses being destroyed. ”可知,此处应与不幸的故事或新闻有 关,选项 E“这种新闻会让你觉得在这个世界生活 很艰难”符合语境。 故选 E。 39. D　 【解析】根据前文中“Talk about what is on your mind with adults you trust. ”可知,本段大意围绕着 要与身边的成年人交流展开,因此选项 D“告诉他 们一些你所担心的事情”符合语境。 故选 D。 40. A　 【解析】根据后文中“ In Queensland,Australia, 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —92— where the floods are... after the water goes away. ”可 知,在澳大利亚昆士兰各行各业的人和志愿者都 加入到了营救人和动物的行列,这些人也在帮忙 清理洪水褪去后的水上通道,因此选项 A“要知 道,有些人正在努力让事情变得更好”符合语境。 故选 A。 41. C 　 【解析】 根据前文中 “ The one thing that you should always remember is that what you feel and think is important. ”可知,此处应与个人感受和想 法有关,选项 C“你可以以你现在的样子作出反 应”符合语境。 故选 C。 D　 【文章大意】本文主要讲述的五个人在生活中所 犯的错误以及对应的安全常识。 42. D　 【解析】根据“ If I sit in the front,I have to wear the seat belt(安全带) . I don􀆳t like it. ”可知,此人不 喜欢在车后座上系安全带,因此选项 D“即使是在 后座上,系安全带也很重要。 它可以保护车内的 驾驶员和乘客免受事故中可能导致的有害动作的 伤害。 它还通过防止人们从车上甩下来而降低死 亡或严重受伤的可能性”与之匹配。 故选 D。 43. A　 【解析】根据“There was a thunderstorm(雷雨) yesterday... pick her up at the bus stop. ”可知,此人 在雷雨天气中撑着把伞在公共汽车站等妈妈,因 此选项 A“天上打雷的时候不要打伞。 伞顶的金 属可以充当导体,携带它的人会触电。 在雷雨天 气中保持安全的最好方法是待在家里。 如果你必 须出去,穿件雨衣”与之匹配。 故选 A。 44. E 　 【解析】根据“The basketball game was over. I was so thirsty that I drank two bottles of water at a time. ”可知,此人在篮球赛结束后立马喝了两瓶 水,因此选项 E“运动后喝水是正确的做法,但你 应该考虑你喝的水是足够还是太多。 理想情况 下,你必须在运动后 30 分钟内摄入约 250 毫升的 水。 如果你喝太多水,你的血钠水平会低到非常 危险。 有时甚至会发生死亡”与之匹配。 故选 E。 45. C　 【解析】根据“My grandma always asks me to tilt (倾斜)my head back to stop it. ”可知,此人流鼻血 的处理方法是把头往后仰,因此选项 C“它可以减 少从鼻子流出的血液量。 但是把头向后仰会让血 液顺着喉咙流下来,这会导致你咳嗽。 坐直,头稍 微向前倾。 还有捏鼻子的柔软部分持续至少五分 钟”与之匹配。 故选 C。 46. B 　 【解析】根据“There is a river not far from my home. In summer, I like to swim in it with my friends. ”可知,此人在夏天经常和朋友在河里游 泳,因此选项 B“游泳很有趣,但也可能很危险。 千 万不要在没有会游泳的成年人的情况下靠近河流 或湖泊。 不要在你不熟悉的水里玩。 河里的一些 东西,比如石头或树枝,可能会伤害你”与之匹配。 故选 B。 四、选词填空。 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了航天员邓清明。 47. finally　 【解析】句意:在成为备份乘组成员大约 25 年后,中国航天员邓清明最终实现了他的航天梦。 根据后文中“He carried out his first space mission (任务)”可知,他已经开始执行航天任务了,因此 他的航天梦最终实现。 选词中 finally“最后,最终” 符合语境。 故填 finally。 48. other　 【解析】句意:他和另外两名宇航员一起乘 坐神舟十五号宇宙飞船执行他的第一次太空任 务。 two other 意为“另外两个”,为固定用法,因此 选词中 other 符合语境。 故填 other。 49. to　 【解析】句意:今年 56 岁的邓清明的名字直到 去年 10 月中国发射了神舟十三号宇宙飞船才为 许多人所知。 be known to sb. 意为“为……所知”, 为固定搭配,因此选词中 to 符合语境。 故填 to。 50. but　 【解析】句意:他的故事———尽管多年来一直 是替补后备人员,但他仍然坚持不懈的追求着自 己的太空梦想———感动了很多人。 空前“he was a backup for many years”与空后“he still followed his space dream” 是转折关系,选词中 but 符合语境。 故填 but。 51. younger　 【解析】句意:他有四个弟弟妹妹。 根据 空后“brothers and sisters”可知,选词中 younger“更 年轻的”符合语境。 故填 younger。 52. country􀆳s　 【解析】句意:他于 1998 年成为了我国 首批 14 位宇航员团队中的一员。 根据空后“ first group”可知,前面应用形容词或者名词的所有格形 式,选词中 country􀆳s 符合语境。 故填 country􀆳s。 53. training　 【解析】句意:在接下来的几年里,邓清明 几乎把所有的时间都花在了训练上,并不遗余力 地争取每一个飞上太空的机会。 根据上下文语境 及空前“spent almost all of his time”可知,邓清明坚 持不懈追求自己的太空梦,因此他平时应是在刻 苦训练,spend time( in) doing sth. 意为“花费时间 做某事”,为固定用法,因此选词中 training 符合语 境。 故填 training。 54. take　 【解析】句意:在接下来的几年里,邓清明几 乎把所有的时间都花在了训练上,并不遗余力地 争取每一个飞上太空的机会。 take every chance to do sth. 意为“抓住每一个机会做某事”,为固定搭 配,因此选词中 take 符合语境。 故填 take。 55. once　 【解析】句意:无论太空之路多么艰难,邓清 明从未想过放弃。 根据句意可知,邓清明在飞上 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —03— 太空这件事上从来不曾放弃过,never once 意为 “从来不曾,从来没有一次”,为固定搭配,因此选 词中 once 符合语境。 故填 once。 56. wishes　 【解析】句意:无论是机组人员还是后备人 员,这都是工作。 任务的成功先于我个人的愿望。 根据上下文语境及句意可知,邓清明非常伟大,始 终把国家荣誉感放到个人愿望之前,因此选词中 wishes 符合语境。 故填 wishes。 五、语法填空。 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了为了阻止一种流行疾病 的传播,日本政府开始推行“禁止对话” 或“减少对 话”政策,而美发厅推出的“无声理发”服务正好满足 了理发师和客人都不想闲聊的需要。 57. Less　 【解析】句意:更少的交谈意味着传播病毒 的风险降低。 根据空前句意可知,日本推出了“禁 止对话”或“减少对话”政策,目的是为了减少人与 人之间的交流,使得交谈减少,降低病毒传播危 险。 此处应用比较级,单词放在句首首字母应大 写。 故填 Less。 58. business　 【解析】句意:但是那些政策似乎对像美 发厅这样的商业不友好,其中对话是他们服务的 一部分。 根据“ seemed unfriendly to” 和“ like hair salons(美发厅)”可知,此处应用名词形式,指像美 发厅这样的商业。 故填 business。 59. to　 【解析】句意:但是令人们吃惊的是,东京一家 美发厅决定提供一项“无声理发” 服务。 to one􀆳s surprise 意为“令某人吃惊的是”,为固定搭配。 故 填 to。 60. quickly　 【解析】句意:它(这项服务)是如此受欢 迎,以至于其他人也迅速跟随效仿。 此处修饰动 词“ followed”,应用副词形式,quick 的副词形式为 quickly,意为“快速地,迅速地”。 故填 quickly。 61. How　 【解析】句意:这太惊奇了! 此处考查感叹 句结构。 感叹句分别由 What 和 How 引导,具体结 构:What a / an +形容词+名词+主语+谓语! 或 How +形容词+主语+谓语! 根据“wonderful it is”可知, 此处是 how 引导的感叹句,单词放在句首首字母 要大写。 故填 How。 62. makes　 【解析】句意:我得救了,因为与理发师的 对话经常让我感到不舒服。 根据“often”可知这是 经常发生的动作,应用一般现在时态;根据“ the conversation with the hairdresser”可知,谓语应用第 三人称单数形式。 故填 makes。 63. to rest　 【解析】句意:他们发现这更令人放松,因 为他们能够休息,而不是花时间倾听不需要的信 息和闲聊。 be able to do sth. 意为“能够做某事”, 为固定用法。 故填 to rest。 64. listening　 【解析】句意:他们发现这更令人放松, 因为他们能够休息,而不是花时间倾听不需要的 信息和闲聊。 spend time ( in) doing sth. 意为“花费 时间做某事”,为固定用法。 故填 listening。 65. their　 【解析】句意:很多理发师说,他们在学徒期 就被教导要与客人闲谈。 根据 “ they” 和 “ in... apprenticeship(学徒期)”可知,此处应用形容词性 物主代词。 故填 their。 66. but　 【解析】句意:我开始聊天是因为我早期就被 教导“要与客人交谈并了解他们的喜好”,但我很 难专注于我不喜欢的话题。 所以我更喜欢这种服 务。 根据语境可知,前后句之间存在转折关系,应 用 but 连接。 故填 but。 六、阅读表达。 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了如何在野外获得可饮用 的水。 67. A piece of cloth and a glass. / They need ( to use) a piece of cloth and a glass. 【解析】根据第二段中“ The only things needed to collect dew are a piece of cloth and a glass. ”可知,收 集露水只需要一块布和一个玻璃杯。 68. To show the method is useful / effective. 【解析】根据第三段中“Some of you might think it􀆳s hard to collect enough water using this method. You􀆳re wrong. ”可知,作者举例是为了证明该方法是有用 的、有效的。 69. Surprised. / They feel / are surprised. 【解析】 根据第五段中 “ Now whenever I tell my students to avoid eating snow, they look at me in surprise as if I was crazy. ”可知,当作者告诉学生不 要吃雪时,学生是惊讶的。 70. ①By building a fire. ②By dropping a heated rock into a glass of snow. 【解析】根据第五段中“You can do so by building a fire or dropping a heated rock into a glass of snow. ” 可知,可以通过生火或将加热的岩石放入一杯雪 中来融化雪。 71. To tell people how to get drinkable water in the wild. 【解析】根据第一段中“Have you ever thought how you􀆳ll get drinkable water in the wild?”可知,作者主 要讲的是如何在野外获得可饮用的水,而且后文 也是围绕这个话题所展开的。 七、书面表达。 【审题指导】本文是一篇说明文,以“保护眼睛”为主 题,写作内容和要求已给出,需要结合个人的经历以 及感悟进行写作,学生不要遗漏题目中的要点,适当 添加细节,写作时保持主谓一致,注意字数要求。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —13— 【写作指导】时态为一般现在时,根据所给提示完成写 作,不能遗漏信息,以第一人称为主。 第一步,介绍学 生用眼现状;第二步,具体阐述保护眼睛的重要性;第 三步,给出如何保护眼睛的建议。 One possible version: 　 　 Nowadays,there are more and more students becoming short-sighted. Some students get short-sightedness when they are little. Being short-sighted is common among students, even in primary school. That is too serious. 　 　 Our eyes are very important. We can see many beautiful things with our eyes. Without eyes the life will get dark. So we must protect our eyes. 　 　 To protect our eyes,first we shouldn􀆳t read books or magazines too long. We can stop for a while to let our eyes have a rest. During these time, we can enjoy the hills, flowers and trees. Then we shouldn􀆳t read books under the strong lights or weak lights. It􀆳s bad for our eyes. At last, we should keep doing the eye exercise. Let􀆳s protect our eyes,and see more beautiful things. 11 2023 年张店区学业水平第二次模拟试题 答案速查 1-5 6-10 11-13 14-17 18-21 22-26 DCABC ABADC CDB DBAC CDEA BECDA 一、完形填空。 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了电动汽车的优势及其面 临的问题。 1. D　 【解析】考查介词辨析。 句意:但在过去的十年 里,它们确实受到了很多人的喜爱。 to 到;since 自 从;at 在,后接具体时刻;in 在,后接时间段。 根据 “ the past ten years” 可知,此处表示“在过去十年 里”,时间段前用介词 in。 故选 D。 2. C　 【解析】考查副词辨析。 句意:相反,强大的电池 驱动它们的电动引擎。 Although 尽管; So 因此; Instead 相反;Also 此外。 此空处前后句意出现转 折,用副词 instead 引出相反的事实。 故选 C。 3. A　 【解析】考查频率副词辨析。 句意:因此,电动汽 车几乎不会产生温室气体。 hardly 几乎不;often 经 常;usually 通 常; always 总 是。 根 据 “ Helping the Environment”可知,电动汽车对环境很友好,几乎不 会产生温室气体。 故选 A。 4. B　 【解析】考查定语从句。 句意:它们的电池通常 使用燃烧化石燃料产生的电力。 when 什么时候; that 引 导 从 句; where 在 哪 里; what 什 么。 根 据 “electricity... was made by burning fossil fuels”可知, 此处是定语从句,先行词“ electricity” 指物,用 that 引导定语从句。 故选 B。 5. C　 【解析】 考查形容词比较级辨析。 句意:但是电 动汽车比汽油车消耗更少的能源。 more 更多;fewer 更 少; less 更 少; worse 更 糟 糕。 根 据 “ Electric vehicles are better for the environment. ”可推断电动 汽车耗能更少,energy 是不可数名词,用 less 修饰。 故选 C。 6. A　 【解析】考查短语辨析。 句意:此外,一些电力来 自“绿色” 能源,如太阳能和风能。 such as 比如; more than 多于; close to 接近; full of 充满。 根据 “solar and wind power”可知,这是对“绿色”能源的 举例,用 such as 引出例子。 故选 A。 7. B　 【解析】考查名词辨析。 句意:他们计划用牛粪发 电。 food 食物;electricity 电;money 金钱;trouble 麻烦。 根据“An electric car company has worked together with a large farm. ”可知,电动汽车公司的人想要用牛粪发 电。 故选 B。 8. A　 【解析】考查疑问词词组辨析。 句意:这是它们 在电池需要再次充电之前能行驶的距离。 how far 多远;how much 多少钱; how often 多久一次; how many 多 少。 根 据 “ they can travel before their batteries need another charge(充电)”可知,此处指的 是能行驶多远。 故选 A。 9. D　 【解析】考查比较级辨析。 句意:一些新型电动 汽车的行驶距离几乎是老式汽车的三倍。 farther 更 远;far 远的;so far ( as)用于否定句;as far ( as)与 ……一样 远。 根 据 “ travel almost three times... as older ones did”可知,此处表示能行驶老式汽车的三 倍远,用 as far。 故选 D。 10. C　 【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。 句意:但充电站 的数量也在增加。 此处表示数量正在增加,用现 在进行时,主语是“The number”,谓语动词用单数 is。 故选 C。 二、阅读理解。 A　 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一本历史书的目录 和一些内容。 11. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据右栏中“Yongle,the third emperor of China􀆳s Ming Dynasty... had the Palace Museum there. ”可知,右栏的那一页主要讲述了永 乐,中国明朝第三任皇帝。 结合左栏目录可知,在 第九页至十五页能找到相关内容。 故选 C。 12. D　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据右栏中“Yongle,the third emperor of China􀆳s Ming Dynasty... stayed in power for 22 years. ”可知,永乐中国明朝第三任皇 帝,在位 22 年。 排除 A 与 B;根据第二句 “ He moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing and had the Palace Museum there. ”可知,永乐建造故宫不是为 了让游客参观,排除 C,并同时可知,明朝的的第一 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —23—