考点串讲 非限制性定语从句-高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（外研版2019）

考点串讲01 非限制性定语从句 一．知识梳理 1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与主句之间无逗号隔开 与主句之间用逗号隔开 位置 放在所修饰的先行词后 as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句中或句尾 先行词 名词或名词性短语 名词、名词性短语或整个句子 引导词 所有的关系代词和关系副词 除that和why之外的关系代词和关系副词 功能 对先行词进行限定或修饰，去掉定语从句，剩余部分的意义不完整 对先行词作附加说明解释，去掉定语从句后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整 翻译 常译成前置定语 常译成并列分句 例句感知 1）The boy, whose father is an engineer, was admitted to a top university. (去掉非限制性定语从句，句意依然完整) 那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了，他的爸爸是一位工程师。 The boy whose father is an engineer was admitted to a top university. （去掉限制性定语从句，不清楚男孩的身份） 爸爸是工程师的那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了。 2）He who laughs last laughs best. 笑到最后，笑得最好。 They rely on themselves, which is much better. 他们依靠自己，这样好多了。 2.引导非限制性定语从句时，关系代词as与关系代词which的异同 关系代词as 关系代词which 不同点 位置 位于句首，句中，句尾 位于主句后 翻译 “正如……” “这，那” 相同点 形式 需要用逗号 1）As we know, genuine knowledge comes from constant practice. 正如我们所知，真知来自于不断的实践。 2）He is such a generous person as we all admire. 他正如我们所钦佩的那样，是一位如此慷慨的人。 3）He was always careless, which made his parents anxious. 他总是粗心，这让他父母焦虑。 注意： as引导非限制性定语从句时，常用于下列一些固定结构中: a) as is expected 不出所料 b) as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 c) as is reported 正如所报道的 d) as is often the case 这是常有的事 e)as we all know/as is known to all 众所周知 专项练习 一．单句语法填空 1.She and her family bicycle to work, ___________helps them keep fit. 2. Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college, __________has gone to work in Australia. 3. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, __________the weather may be better. 4.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, __________it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长)through it. 5. A lot of language learning, ________has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. 6. Opposite is St.Paul's Church,____________you can hear some lovely music. 7. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,__________I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 8. Many young people, most of _____________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 9. Long, long ago, the King of the Skies had a lovely daughter, to ___________he made many careful plans for her future. 10.She created a charity in memory of her grandmother,___________passed away from Alzheimer's disease. 11. He hid himself behind the door, from ___________he saw the man take something on the desk. 12.All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found too, and there are Chinese tea shops, ________visitors can taste and buy a variety of Chinese tea. 13. This man,_________you know, is good for nothing. 14. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, ________the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. 15. Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,________ is quite unexpected. 16. The Crescent Spring,______beauty attracts tourists from home and abroad, has become a romantic paradise for visitors. 17. The most famous of these is the Great Red Spot, ________is so big that Earth could fit inside it. 18. There they met people from other parts of the country, __________had also volunteered to help. 19. Practising yoga or Tai Chi can help to keep our bodies supple,______in turn can lower joint pain and help to protect us from injury. 20. The rising number of wild birds in the reserve has brought a benefit for birdwatchers,________are able to spot oriental storks(东方白鹤)and other wild birds even outside the reserve 答案：1. which. 2 .who 3.when 4. where 5.which 6. where 7.when 8 whom 9.who 10.who 11.where 12. where 13.as /whom 14.when 15.which 16whose 17.which 18.who 19.which 20.who 二．选择题 1．The letter is from her fiance, ________ is fighting for their homeland at the front now. A．who B．which C．he D．whose 2．My neighbours used to give me a hand when I got into trouble, ________ was very kind of them. A．who B．which C．that D．it 3．John got beaten by his opponent in the game, ________ had been expected. A．as B．that C．what D．who 4．He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation, ________ he was likely to lose the control of his car. A．which B．as C．why D．where 5．Couples in China are allowed to have three children, ________, in my opinion, is helpful in dealing with the problem of the increasingly aging population. A．that B．who C．what D．which 6.The movie Troy, ______ is in part based on Homer’s The Iliad, was met with mixed reviews from the audience. A．when B．where C．that D．which 7．It is reported that two schools, ________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which 8．________ is often the case with him, he was fined for speeding. A．It B．Which C．What D．As 9．The old man, ________help we visited Tibet last year, was one of the first professional guides. A．who B．under whose C．with whose D．whose 10．________is often the case with old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about the good old days. A．Which B．That C．What D．As 11．My father, ________ has been working as a teacher for 35 years, is retiring next month. A．which B．who C．that D．as 12．______ is known to us all, things can easily go wrong when people are under ______. A．Which; control B．As; load C．It; strength D．As; stress 13．The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ________ he could see what was going on inside the house. A．through what B．through which C．through that D．through it 14．They asked for civil rights, ________ they had struggled for hundreds of years. A．for which B．for what C．for that D．for whom 15．A year is divided into four seasons, as we all know, _______ the first is spring. A．which B．of them C．when D．of which 答案：1．A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这封信是她的未婚夫写的，他现在正在前线为祖国而战。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词fiance，在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导从句。故选A。 2．B 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我的邻居过去常常在我遇到麻烦的时候帮助我，这是非常好的。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指代整个主句，为事，且在从句中充当主语。故选B。 3．A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，约翰在比赛中被对手打败了。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为主句所叙述的事情，从句缺少主语，且表示“正如”应用as引导从句。故选A。 4．D 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他开得太快，使自己陷入了危险的境地，很可能会失去对汽车的控制。分析句子成分可知，空处应为关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“situation”，为抽象地点名词，且在从句中充当地点状语。故选D。 5．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国允许一对夫妇生三个孩子，在我看来，这有助于解决日益老龄化的人口问题。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故选D项。 6．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：电影《特洛伊》部分改编自荷马的《伊利亚特》，观众对这部电影的评价褒贬不一。句中先行词为The movie Troy，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导从句。故选D。 7．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据报道，正在我家乡建的两所学校明年将投入使用。分析句子结构可知，这里为非限定性定语从句，句中先行词为two schools，从句中both of缺少宾语，应用关系代词which。故选D 8．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他因超速而被罚款，这是他常有的事。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对he was fined for speeding进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，结合is often the case可知，此处应用as构成固定句型as is often the case，意为“事情常常是这样的，常是如此”。故选D。 9．C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人是第一批专业导游之一，去年我们在他的帮助下参观了西藏。“在……的帮助下”表达为with one’s help；此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词The old man为人，在介词短语中作宾语help的所有格，表所属关系，作定语，应用关系代词whose，故选C项。 10．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：就像老年人经常遇到的情况一样，我祖父喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。此处考查固定句型as is often the case with...，意为“就像，正如……情况一样”，关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，且代指整个主句所表示的情况。故选D项。 11．B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我父亲当了35年的教师，下个月就要退休了。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词My father指人，关系词在从句中作主语成分，故用关系代词who引导，故选B项。 12．D 【详解】考查定语从句的连接词和名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，人们有压力的时候容易出错。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处引导定语从句，先行词为整个主句陈述的内容，从句缺少主语，且含“正如”之意，故应用as引导；空2：A. control控制；B. load负载；C. strength力气，力量；D. stress压力。此处意为“有压力”，表达为under stress。故选D。 13．B 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上打了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事情。分析句子成分可知，空处应为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“a hole”，为物，且在从句中充当词义为“通过”的介词through的宾语。选项B。 14．A 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们要求公民权利，为此他们奋斗了数百年。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词civil rights。struggle for“为……而奋斗”，可将该短语中的介词for提到关系代词的前面。先行词指物，在定语从句中作介词for的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A。 15．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一年分为四个季节，我们都知道，第一个季节是春天。分析句子可知，“A year is divided into four seasons”为主句，逗号后的内容为非限制性定语从句。结合意思可知，这里表示一年四季中的第一个为春季，因此非限制性定语从句的结构为“the first of which /of which the first”，关系代词which指代先行词“four seasons”，故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$