【夏日FUN学】专题5：连词和状语从句 讲义-2024-2025学年新高一暑假初升高衔接英语

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语初升高衔接教案 专题5：连词和状语从句（解析版） 【课前小测】 单项选择 1．________ you are a Chinese or an Indian, you can find the food you like here. A．Either B．Whether C．Neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不管你是中国人还是印度人，你都可以在这里找到你喜欢的食物。 考查固定搭配。Either两者中的任何一个；Whether是否，不管；Neither两者都不。Whether...or...表示“不管……还是……”，为固定搭配。故选B。 2．Love from parents is like the wind —you can’t see it, ________ you can feel it. A．and B．or C．but 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父母的爱就像风——你看不见它，但却能感受得到。 考查连词辨析。and并且，和；or或者，否则；but但是。根据“you can’t see it”和“you can feel it”可知，此处应用表示转折的连词，意为“但是”，符合语境。故选C。 3．Ms. Chen didn’t tell the woman’s name, but we all knew ________ she was talking about. A．which B．whose C．whom D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：陈女士没有说出那个女人的名字，但我们都知道她说的是谁。 考查宾语从句引导词。which哪个，作主语或宾语；whose谁的，作定语；whom谁，作宾语；what什么，作主语或宾语。根据“Ms. Chen didn’t tell the woman’s name”以及“she was talking about.”可知，设空处指的前文中的那个女人，作talking about的宾语。故选C。 4．David said nothing, ________ simply nodded, as if understanding well. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫什么也没说，只是点点头，好像很理解。 考查并列连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。由“David said nothing,…simply nodded”可知，什么都没有说，但是点头了，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 5．—What do you think of the comedy movies? —______ interesting ______ exciting. No one wants to see it again. A．Not only; but also B．Neither; nor C．Either; or D．Whether; or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为喜剧电影怎么样？ ——既不有趣也不刺激。没有人想再看它。 考查连词。Not only; but also不仅……而且；Neither; nor既不……也不；Either; or要么……要么……；Whether; or无论是……还是……。根据“No one wants to see it again.” 没有人想再看它。可知是既不有趣也不刺激。选项B符合语境。故选B。 6．We can try that, ________ whether it’ll work is another matter. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们可以试试，但是否有效是另一回事。 考查连词辨析。and和，又；but但是；or或者；so所以。分析句子结构可知，两句存在转折关系，应用but来连接句子。故选B。 7．Taxi Apps (打车软件) can help us travel around more easily, _______ more and more people like using them. A．or B．so C．for D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：打车软件能帮助我们更容易地去旅行，所以越来越多的人喜欢使用它们。 考查连词辨析。or或者；so所以；for为了；but但是。根据“Taxi Apps can help us travel around more easily”和“more and more people like using them”可知，句子前后是因果关系。故选B。 8．—Do you prefer grapes ________ bananas? —I prefer grapes ________ bananas. A．to; or B．or; to C．than; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你更喜欢葡萄还是香蕉？——比起香蕉，我更喜欢葡萄。 考查连词和动词短语。or或者，还是；根据“Do you prefer grapes…bananas?”可知，此处表示选择关系，用or；根据“I prefer grapes...bananas”可知，此处是prefer A to B“我喜欢A胜过喜欢B”。故选B。 9．I don’t like milk, ________ I know it’s good for my health. A．though B．because C．if D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不喜欢牛奶，尽管我知道它对我的健康有益。 考查连词辨析。though虽然；because因为；if如果；since自从。前后两句是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 10．—We can’t be successful ________ we keep working hard. —I agree with you. A．if B．when C．because D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——除非我们一直努力，否则我们不可能成功。  ——我同意你的看法。 考查连词辨析。if如果；when当……时；because因为；unless除非。根据“We can’t be successful...we keep working hard.”可知，此处表示我们不能成功，除非我们一直努力。故选D。 11．You will be punished ________ you follow the traffic rules when driving on roads. A．until B．whether C．unless D．though 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你在路上开车不遵守交通规则，你就会受到处罚。 考查连词辨析。until直到；whether是否；unless如果不；though虽然。根据“you follow the traffic rules when driving on roads.”可知，如果不遵守交通规则，会被惩罚。故选C。 12．I didn’t understand my mom’s love ________ we had a long talk. A．until B．if C．since D．be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：直到我们长谈，我才明白妈妈的爱。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；since自从；be是。根据“I didn’t understand my mom’s love...we had a long talk”可知是直到长谈之后才明白妈妈的爱，not...until“直到……才”。故选A。 13．Swimming can be fun and relaxing. However, remember not to swim in a river you don’t know, ________ you are a good swimmer. A．ever since B．at least C．as if D．even though 【答案】D 【详解】句意：游泳既有趣又放松。然而，记住不要在你不了解的河里游泳，即使你是游泳好手。 考查从属连词短语辨析。ever since自从，引导时间状语从句；at least至少，副词短语；as if好像……一样，引导方式状语从句；even though即使，引导让步状语从句。根据语境可知，在不了解情况的河里游泳很危险，可推测此处是不要在你不了解的河里游泳，即使你是游泳好手，句子为让步状语从句，even though“即使”符合语境。故选D。 14．—Jim, let’s go out to play basketball. —Oh, I won’t do that ________ I finish my homework. A．if B．until C．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——吉姆，我们出去打篮球吧。 ——噢，我要做完作业才会去打篮球。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；because因为。根据“I won’t do that … I finish my homework”可知，此处考查not…until“直到……才”，引导时间状语从句。故选B。 15．You can’t feel the beauty of the poems ________ you read them aloud. A．since B．if C．unless D．though 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非你大声朗读否则你无法感受到这些诗的美。 考查连词。since自从；if如果，引导条件状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；though尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据“You can’t feel the beauty of the poems...you read them aloud.”可知，后句是前句的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 16．No matter ________ work we do, we should try our best to do it well. A．how B．where C．what D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：无论我们做什么工作，我们都应该尽力把它做好。 考查让步状语从句。how怎么样；where哪里；what什么；when什么时候。分析可知，此处考查“no matter + 疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，结合空后“work”可知，疑问词应用what。故选C。 17．I will never forget that terrible accident ________ it happened so long ago. A．as if B．even though C．so that D．ever since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记那场可怕的事故，虽然它发生在很久以前。 考查从属连词短语辨析。as if好像……一样，引导方式状语从句；even though虽然，引导条件状语从句；so that以致，引导结果状语从句；ever since自从，引导时间状语从句。根据语境可知，虽然事故发生很久了，但我永远不会忘记，句子为条件状语从句，even though“虽然”符合语境。故选B。 18．—I must go home. —It’s raining heavily outside. You must wait ________ it stops. A．since B．as C．when D．till 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我必须要回家。——外面下着大雨。你必须等到它停下来。 考查连词辨析。since自从；as当……时；when当……时；till直到。根据“You must wait...it stops”可知要等到雨停，用till引导时间状语从句。故选D。 19．—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do? —Be more active in class ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself. A．unless B．so that C．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办？——在课堂上更加活跃，这样你就可以提高自己的表达能力。 考查连词。unless除非；so that以便；although虽然。根据“Be more active in class…you can improve your ability to express yourself.”可知在课堂上更加活跃的目的是提高自己的表达能力，用so that引导目的状语从句，故选B。 20．During the earthquake, some teachers had succeeded in leading some students to the playground ________ the building fell down. A．but B．because C．though D．before 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在地震中，一些老师在建筑物倒塌之前成功地把一些学生带到操场上。 考查连词辨析。but但是；because因为；though尽管；before在……以前。根据“some teachers had succeeded in leading some students to the playground...the building fell down.”可知，是指在建筑物倒塌之前成功地把一些学生带到操场上。故选D。 【知识对接】 1.连词的功能 连词是用来连接词与词，短语与短语或句与句的词。它是一种虚词，在句中不能单独作成分。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。 2.并列连词 并列连词连接属于同一层次并且有相同句法功能的词、短语或分句。常见的并列连词： (1)表并列关系：and、both...and...、not only...but also...、neither... nor...、as well as等。 (2)表选择关系的：or、either...or...等。 (3)表转折关系：but、yet等。 (4)表因果关系：for、so等。 3.从属连词 从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词： (1)引导时间状语从句：after、before、when、while、as、until、till、since、as soon as等。 (2)引导条件状语从句：if、unless等。 (3)引导原因状语从句：because、as、since等。 (4)引导目的状语从句：so that、in order that等。 (5)引导让步状语从句：though、although、even if/though等。 (6)引导结果状语从句：so that、so...that...、such...that...等。 (7)引导比较状语从句：than、as...as...等。 (8)引导名词性从句：that、if、whether等。 种类 连接词 注意点 时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as, hardly...when...,no sooner...than...,the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly 主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；while引导的从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词；until 用在肯定句中，谓语动词是延续性动词，而在否定句中谓语动词通常是短暂性动词 地点状语从句 where, wherever 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that because 表示直接原因，语气最强；since较 弱，表示大家都明了的原因；as又次之 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that 从句中动词时态常用一般现在时代替一般将来时 目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case so that 和 in order that 后常接 may、should、could, would等情态动词 结果状语从句 so...that...,such...that...,so that, so 比较状语从句 than, as... as..., not so/as...as... 方式状语从句 as if, as though, as as if 和 as though 引导的从句中的时态取决于说话者所谈内容的真实性 让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, as, no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever as在让步状语从句中常以部分倒装的形式出现；although 和though用正常语序，可与still和yet连用，但不可与but连用 【难点突破】 突破1并列句的分类 1.表示顺承关系或递进关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词 and、not only...but also...等连接前后简单句。 (1)and常译为“和；并且”，也可不译。 He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。 Last year I met Kate and we became friends.去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。 (2)“not only...but also...”意为“不但······而切……. Not only have the students missed the school bus, but also the teacher has missed the school bus.不仅学生错过了校车，而且他们的老师也错过了校车。 2.表示转折关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词but、yet等连接前后简单句。but常译为“但是；可是”，切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用。 His mother won't be there, but his father might.他母亲不会在那，但他父亲也许会。 School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了，可是所有老师仍然在工作。 3.表示选择关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词or、either...or...等连接前后简单句。 (1)or有两重含义： ①译为“或者”，表示选择。 Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息或者去看电影。 ②译为“否则；要不然”，表示条件。 You must tell the truth, or you will be punished.你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩罚。 (2)“either...or...”结构表示“不是······就是······;或者······或者·····”。 Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it.我叔叔可以做这件事，我婶婶也可以做。 习惯上将两个句子合并成“Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.”。 4.表示因果关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词for、so等连接前后简单句。 (1)for在意义上与从属连词because、since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两个简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构：简单句(结果)，for+简单句(原因)。 He has many good friends, for he is an honest man.他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的人。 (2)so意为“因此；所以”，不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词，而so是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构：简单句(原因)，so+简单句(结果)。 Mr Li went to his hometown, so Mr Wang took his class instead.李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替他上课。 5.其他形式的并列句 (1)“祈使句＋and+简单句”。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语动词常用一般将来时。 Use your head, and you will find a way.动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。 (2)“祈使句＋or+简单句”。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果，谓语动词常用一般将来时。 Study hard, or you will fall behind the others.努力学习，否则你会落后于别人。 巧学助记 使用并列句要注意的几种情况： (1)并列句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。 We fished all day; we didn't catch a fish.我们钓了一天的鱼，但一条也没钓到。 (2)并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句 有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。 My father works in a factory and my mother in a school.我父亲在工厂工作，母亲在学校工作。 (3)由so、nor、neither连接的并列句，后一简单句为避免重复，其成分常倒装并省略一些。 He is not a student, nor am I.他不是学生，我也不是。 Beibei can swim, so can I,贝贝会游泳，我也会。 突破2 常用连词的用法辨析 1.while,when,as 这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同： (1)当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。while, when、as都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。 As/When/While I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car.当我沿着街道走时，我注意到了一辆警车。 (2)当两个延续性动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while. While my mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.当母亲做午饭时，我正在做作业。 (3)当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as. As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.随着孩子们渐渐长大，他们对周围的事情越来越感兴趣。 (4)当两个短暂性的动作同时发生时，或表示“一边······一边······”时，最常用as. She looked behind from time to time as she went ahead.她边向前走边不时地朝后看。 (5)当从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，通常用when. When he finished his work, he took a short rest.当他完成工作后，他休息了一会儿。 (6)当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when. When John arrived I was cooking lunch.约翰到达时，我正在做午饭。 2.as,because,since,for 这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别： (1)如果原因是构成句子最主要的部分，一般用because.因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。另外，回答why的问句常用be cause引导的句子。 I stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨，所以我待在家里。 -Why aren't you going?为什么你不走？ -Because I don't want to(go).因为我不想走。 (2)如果原因已被人们所知或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as或since. since比as稍微正式一点。as和since引导的从句可以放在句首也可以放在句末。 As he wasn't ready, we left without him.由于他没有准备好，我们就没有带他一起。 Since I have no money, I can't buy any food.因为我没有钱，所以我不能买任何食物。 I will ask Kelly to go with me since you are very busy.既然你很忙，我会叫凯莉和我一起去。 (3)for用来补充说明理由。因此for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。for引导的句子不放在句子的开头。 I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.我决定停下来吃午饭，因为我感觉很饿。 We must be off now, for the match starts at 7:00.我们必须得走了，因为比赛7点开始。 3,if,whether if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句时一般可互换。 I wonder whether/if you still study in that school.我想知道你是否还在那所学校学习。 I don't know whether/if he likes that film,我不知道他是否喜欢那部电影。 在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if. (1)引导主语从句时。 Whether he will come to the party is unknown.不知道他是否会来参加聚会。 (2)引导表语从句时。 The question is whether 1 can pass the exam.问题是我能否通过考试。 (3)用于不定式前时。 I haven't made up my mind whether to go there or not.我还没有决定是否去那儿。 4.so.,.that...,such...that... (1)so.,, that...中的so是个副词，其后只能接形容词或副词；而 such...that...中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词性短语。 I'm so tired that I can't walk any further.我很累，所以不想再走了。 It was such a hot day that he went swimming.天气太热了，所以他去游泳了。 (2)如果名词之前有many、much、little、few修饰时，用so,不用such. He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.他受的教育很少以至于他找不到工作。 5.either...or...,neither...nor..., not only...but also... 这三个结构都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻主语的变化而变化。 Either you or he is wrong.不是你就是他错了。 Neither he nor his children like fish.他和他的孩子们都不喜欢鱼。 Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book,不仅老师想买这本书，学生们也想买这本书。 6.although,but 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”，这个句子应改为“Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.”或“He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”。虽然他已六十多岁，但他和其他人一样努力工作。 7.till/until,not...till/until... 前者表示一个延续性的动作，后者表示一个才开始的动作。 I will stay here until you return.我会待在这里直到你回来。(stay这个动作一直持续到you return) They won't go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.他们只有获得了他们认为合理的东西之后才会继续干下去。 另外till与until基本可以互换，但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till. Until the last minute of the match we kept playing.我们坚持到比赛的最后一分钟。 Not until he had finished his work did he go home.直到做完工作他才回家。(倒装句) 8.though,although,even though 两个词都表示“虽然”，均不可与but同时使用，但在句中可与still或yet连用。although“尽管；虽然”，仅作连词，比较正式，一般可与though互换。though“虽然；尽管；即使”，还可以与even连用(＝even if),表示“即使；纵然”；though作副词时意思是“然而；不过”，一般放在句中或句末。 He passed the exam although/though illness prevented him from going to class,虽然疾病使他无法上课，但他还是通过了考试。 She won't leave the TV set, even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper.她不愿离开电视机，尽管她丈夫在等她吃晚饭。 It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.这是个不热闹的聚会，尽管如此我还是玩得很开心。 突破3主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列两种情况： 1.若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词，或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。 Be careful when you cross the road.你过马路时要小心。 Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。 Cars must stop when the traffic lights turn red.交通灯的红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。 You will succeed if you work hard.如果你努力工作，你就会成功。 2.若主句和从句的谓语动词都是陈述过去的情况，那么主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。 She could sing when she was four years old.她四岁的时候就会唱歌。 【达标训练】 一、单项选择 1．No one is allowed to enter the building ______ he gets a permit. A．if B．as C．because D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词。句意：除非得到许可，否则任何人不得进入大楼。A. if如果；B. as正如；当……时候；虽然；因为；C. because因为；D. unless除非。根据前后文语义，此处是指“除非”之意。故选D项。 2．The dress is really beautiful, ______ it is too small for me. A．or B．but C．so D．and 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词。句意：这件衣服很漂亮，但是对我来说太小了。前文“The dress is really beautiful”和后文“it is too small for me”构成转折关系，所以此处应用转折词but。故选B。 3．________ many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some people are happy to sit and enjoy the beauty around them. A．If B．While C．Unless D．Until 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然许多英国人最喜欢在周日修剪草坪，但也有一些人很乐意坐下来欣赏周围的美景。A. If如果；B. While虽然；C. Unless除非；D. Until直到。分析句子，设空处引导的是状语从句，根据句意此处构成让步关系即构成让步状语从句，故使用while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。故选B。 4．________ Reid failed to score himself, he helped Jones to score two goals. A．Although B．When C．If D．Until 【答案】A 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然里德自己没有进球，但他帮助琼斯进了两个球。A. Although虽然；B. When当……的时候；C. If如果；D. Until直到……时。根据句意及所给句子可知，前后存在让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从。故选A。 5．That girl in the movie is always full of hope for the future she gets into difficulties many times. A．if B．but C．because D．although 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词。句意：电影中的那个女孩虽然多次陷入困境，但她总是对未来充满希望。根据句意可知，空格前后的内容是让步转折关系，所以，空格处应该用although引导让步状语从句。故选D项。 6．We should ______ spend too much time playing nor don’t relax at all. A．either B．neither C．both D．seldom E．hardly 【答案】B 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：我们既不应该花太多时间玩，也不应该不放松。A. either或者，要么；B. neither两者都不；C. both两者都；D. seldom不常，很少；E. hardly几乎不。分析句子结构可知，此处为并列连词“neither...nor...”意为“既不……，也不……”符合句意。故选B项。 7．I used to get high marks in English, now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening. A．so B．but C．and D．though 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我过去英语成绩很好，但现在我的听力有很大的问题。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. and和；D. though然而。空前句子和空后句子是转折关系，应用并列连词but表示转折，though虽然也表示转折让步，但是用于引导状语从句，此处前后是两个并列句子，并非主从复合句。故选B。 8．I didn’t realize he was a famous singer________ he took off his sunglasses. A．until B．while C．what D．because 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：直到他摘下墨镜，我才知道到他是个著名的歌手。A. until直到；B. while在……期间；C. what所……的事；D. because因为。not…until“直到……才……”是固定句型。故选A项。 9．—May I go and play with Dickson this afternoon, Mum? —No, you can’t go out __________ a lot of work is to be done. A．before B．until C．as D．so 【答案】C 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：——今天下午我可以去和迪克森玩吗，妈妈？——不，你不能出去，因为有许多工作要做。A. before在……之前；B. until直到；C. as因为；D. so因此。由“you can’t go out”和“a lot of work is to be done”可知，句子表示“你不能出去，因为有许多工作要做”，空格处意为“因为”。故选C。 10．She liked the dictionary so much that she would like to take it __________ it cost. A．however B．whatever C．no matter how D．how much 【答案】B 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：她非常喜欢这本字典，所以不管花多少钱她都愿意把它买走。分析句子结构，这是一个包含结果状语从句的复合句，结果状语从句中包含让步状语从句，因空白处在让步状语从句中作宾语指内容，使用whatever连接从句，however无论如何；no matter how无论怎样；how much多少。根据句意，故选B项。 11．Mrs Green was cooking breakfast in the kitchen________she heard a loud knock at the door. A．before B．since C．while D．when 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：格林夫人正在厨房里做早餐，这时她听到很响的敲门声。A. before在……之前；B. since自从；C. while在……期间；D. when当……时候。固定句型be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，这时……”。故选D。 12．___________animals___________ plants can live without water. A．Neither, nor B．Both, and C．Either, or D．Not, but 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：动物和植物没有水都不能生存。A. Neither, nor既不，也不；B. Both, and两者都；C. Either, or要么，要么；D. Not, but不是，而是。由“can live without water”可知，句子表示“动物和植物没有水都不能生存”，因此空格处是Neither, nor。故选A。 13．The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate ______ the guests arrived. A．since B．when C．unless D．after 【答案】B 【详解】考查词义辨析。句意：客人到达时，旅馆经理正在门口等着。A. since自从；B. when当……时候；C. unless除非；D. after之后。结合句意可知，此处应用when引导时间状语从句，表示当客人到达时经理正在门口等着。故选B。 14．I run along the road every morning ______ the weather is bad. A．while B．after C．if D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非天气不好，否则我每天早上都沿着这条路跑步。A. while当……时候；B. after在……之后；C. if如果；D. unless除非，如果不。本空引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”的含义，应用unless引导。故选D。 15．They went on working_________ it was late at night. A．even if B．as if C．however D．as though 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：即使很晚了，他们也继续工作。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. however无论如何；D. as though好像。引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even if。故选A。 16．Speak to him slowly ________ he may understand you better. A．since B．so that C．so as to D．for 【答案】B 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：慢慢地跟他说，以便他能更好地理解你。A. since因为，自从；B. so that以便；C. so as to为了；D. for因为，由于。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句，慢点说，目的是他能更好的理解你。故选B项。 17．It is 10 years ________ these important environmental problems were addressed, which benefited the entire world. A．since B．after C．before D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这些重要的环境问题得到解决已经有10年了，这使整个世界受益。A. since自从；B. after在……之后；C. before在……之前；D. when当……时候。此处为句型“it is+一段时间+since”，表示“自从……时间是多久了”。故选A。 18．I’ll stay around ________ you need me. A．so that B．even if C．as if D．in case 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我就待在这儿，万一你用得着我。A. so that以便；B. even if即使；C. as if好像；D. in case以防。so that后面接的是希望得到的结果；in case后面接的是假想的情况、防止的情况，引导目的状语从句，表示“以防、万一”应用in case。故选D。 19．It was_________ that she couldn’t finish it by herself. A．so difficult a work B．such a difficult work C．so difficult work D．such difficult work 【答案】D 【详解】考查so…that或such…that引导的结果状语从句。句意：这是一项如此困难的工作，她无法独自完成。分析句子结构，so…that或such…that都能引导结果状语从句，用法为：“so+形容词+a+单数可数名词”或“such a+形容词+单数可数名词”或“such +形容词+不可数名词或复数名词”，因名词work为不可数名词，排除A项、B项、C项，故选D项。 20．It’s unnecessary for you to call Tom back ______ he will come in two minutes. A．unless B．although C．after D．because 【答案】D 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：你没有必要给汤姆回电话，因为他会在两分钟后到。A.because因为；B.although尽管；C. until直到……时；D. after在……之后。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导状语从句，结合句意，空前与空后的句子表示因果关系，所以使用because。故选D项。 二、语法填空 用适当的词填空 21．I don’t think I can afford them I like the color. 【答案】although/though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然我喜欢这种颜色，但我觉得我买不起。根据句意可知，空处应填连词although/though“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填although/though。 22．By the way, difficulty you meet with, I’m always here waiting for you to turn to. 【答案】whatever 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：顺便说一下，无论你遇到什么困难，我都随时准备帮助你。分析句子可知，后半句句意完整，前半句主干成分完整，meet with的宾语difficulty提前，因此空处需引导让步状语从句，表示“无论你遇到什么困难”，应用whatever修饰名词difficulty。故填whatever。 23．—It's a long time I saw you last time. —Yes, and what a pity it is since it will be a long time we see each other again. 【答案】 since before 【详解】考查时间状语从句连接词。句意：——自从我上次见到你已经有很长时间了。 ——是的，很遗憾，我们要过很长时间才能再见面。第一空需要从属连词引导时间状语从句，从句时态为一般过去时，主语为现在时态，应使用since表示“自从过去……至今”；第二空需要一个连接词引导时间状语从句，it will be a long time before表示“还要过好久才……”，应填before。故填since；before。 24．Many students lost marks in the exam simply they didn’t read the questions carefully. 【答案】because 【详解】考查连词。句意：许多学生在考试中简单地丢了分，因为他们没有仔细阅读问题。分析句子结构和意思可知，两个句子之间是因果关系，第二句是原因，故用连词because。故填because。 25．A change, no matter badly it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. 【答案】how 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论多么迫切需要改变，它都不会自动发生。需要像我们这样的人来使之成为可能。“how”表示“多么”，修饰形容词或副词，此处修饰副词“badly”。no matter how不管怎样，引导让步状语从句。故填 how。 26．I’ll find a way to improve on my own so I can make the team the next year. 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我会想办法自我提高，这样我明年就能进入球队。分析句子结构并结合句意，我想办法自我提高是为了进入球队，表示目的，so that意为“这样，以便”，可引导目的状语从句。故填that。 27．No matter you say, I won’t believe you anymore. 【答案】what 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你说什么，我都不会再相信你。根据句意可知，空格处应该填入连接代词what，no matter what引导让步状语从句，what作从句宾语。故填what。 28．I like the clock I made so much I still use it as my alarm! 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：我非常喜欢我做的那个钟，以致于我现在还把它当闹钟用!分析句子结构可知，此处为“so...that...”句型结构，意为“如此……以致于……”，其中that引导的结果状语从句，且符合句意。故填that。 29．Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：无论是去上学、做作业还是周末出去玩，我们几乎都离不开彼此。分析句子结构可知，此处应为whether…or…意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。 30．John thought it wouldn’t be long he was ready for his new job. 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：约翰认为他很快就能胜任他的新工作。固定句型It won’t /wouldn’t be long before…表示“用不了多久就会……”，故填before。 31．Mike needs to go to Japanese classes in the evenings he works for a famous Japanese company. 【答案】because 【详解】考查连词。句意：迈克晚上需要去上日语课，因为他在一家著名的日本公司工作。分析句子可知，空处应用连词，引导状语从句；根据句意，空处前后两句之间为因果关系，后者是前者的原因，故应用连词because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。 32．It is bad weather that I can’t go to walk in the park. 【答案】such 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：天气太坏了，我不能去公园散步。此处为固定句型：such+形容词+名词+that从句，that引导结果状语从句。故填such。 33．She was walking down the road she heard someone shouting for help. 【答案】when 【详解】考查连词。句意：她正走在路上突然听到有人喊救命。sb. be doing sth. when...为固定句式，表示“某人正在做某事突然发生……”，句子中when表示“在那时，突然”，所以空格处应填when。故填when。 34．I will not lose courage even I should fail ten times. 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查连词。句意：即使失败十次，我也不会失去勇气。even though/if为复合连词，意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句，根据句意，故填though/if。 35．My parents are never satisfied I do better than all my friends – in schoolwork, in hobbies, in everything! 【答案】unless 【详解】考查连词。句意：除非我做得比我所有的朋友都好，否则我的父母永远不会满意——在功课上，在爱好上，在任何事情上！分析句子，设空处引导的是条件状语从句，表示“除非”用unless。故填unless。 【能力提升】 阅读理解 A THE BOB BAKER MARIONETTES COME TO YOU! Book a marionette (牵线木偶) show to come to your backyard, neighborhood park, school, or simply anywhere there’s fun to be had! For over 55 years, the Bob Baker Marionettes (BBMT) have been taking their show on the road, and they can’t wait to come to YOU! We have several choices to suit any size celebration or event. One-Man Show ($350) ·25-minute performance ·A single performer and 12 marionettes perform a set variety show of endless joy! ·Space Required: 10 ft × 15 ft Two-Man Show ($650) ·25-minute performance ·Two performers and 25 marionettes help you create amazing memories! ·Several theme options (主题选项): Something to Crow About, The CIRCUS, and Hallowe’en SpOoKtAcUlAr! ·Space Required: 15 ft ×20 ft Notes: ·Please make your show request at least 3 weeks in advance. ·For all show options, the travel fee is included for the first 25 miles! Distances over 25 miles from our Highland Park location will incur (带来) an additional travel fee of $50 flat. All shows are self-contained. The show is done to a pre-recorded tape. We’ll bring the speaker system; we just ask for a power outlet (电源插座). After the show, we pride ourselves on showing off the historic and beautiful marionettes, and answering questions from our audience! For Birthday Celebrations, our marionettes will bring a gift to celebrate the birthday person, and sing “Happy Birthday” along with the audience! READY TO BOOK A BOB BAKER TRAVELING SHOW? Please send us a message! 1．How much should people pay for a two-man show performed 30 miles from BBMT? A．$350. B．$400. C．$650. D．$700. 2．What should people prepare to enjoy a Bob Baker traveling show? A．A square room. B．A power outlet. C．A tape recorder. D．A speaker system. 3．What can a birthday person do at his birthday celebrations? A．Try out the marionettes. B．Sing with the marionettes. C．Get a present from the marionettes. D．Choose his favorite marionettes to perform. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍预定木偶表演需要知道的信息。 1．细节理解题。根据Two-Man Show($650)部分“Two-Man Show($650) (双人表演（650美元）)”和Notes部分“For all show options, the travel fee is included for the first 25 miles! Distances over 25 miles from our Highland Park location will incur(带来) an additional travel fee of $50 flat. (对于所有表演选项，前25英里的旅行费都包含在内！距离我们的高地公园位置超过25英里将产生50美元的额外旅行费。)”可知，双人表演需要650美元，但是距离超过25英里需要产生50美元的额外旅行费，所以人们应该为距离BBMT 30英里的双人表演支付700美元。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Notes部分“we just ask for a power outlet (我们只是要一个电源插座)”可知，鲍勃的表演只是要一个电源插座。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For Birthday Celebrations, our marionettes will bring a gift to celebrate the birthday person, and sing “Happy Birthday” along with the audience!(在生日庆祝活动中，我们的提线木偶将带上礼物给生日的人庆祝，并与观众一起唱“生日快乐”！)”可知，过生日的人可以从提线木偶那里得到一份礼物。故选C。 B Ann, 15, Lakeside High School　USA My name is Ann Wells and I’m a Grade 10 student at Lakeside High School. I’m an active person and I love sports. I’m curious about everything. I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. My favourite subject is physics. Dancing and skating are my hobbies, and I also like to read short stories. I plan to become an engineer in the future. Thando, 16, South Hill High School　South Africa I’m Thando Gowon. I’m 16 this year. I come from South Africa. I’m a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School. I look good, think fast, and play hard. You’ll never see me without a book or a pen. If I’m not in class, I’m either in the library or in the computer lab. At the weekends, I play computer games if I’m not busy studying. My dream is to start my own IT company! 4．What subject does Ann like best? A．English. B．Chinese. C．Chemistry. D．Physics. 5．Which is NOT Ann’s hobby? A．Skating. B．Reading short stories. C．Dancing. D．Chatting with others. 6．What’s Thando’s dream? A．Playing computer games. B．Running a company. C．Buying a new computer. D．Becoming an engineer. 【答案】4．D 5．D 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了两名高中生的高中生活。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第五句“My favourite subject is physics.（我最喜欢的科目是物理。）”可知，Ann最喜欢的科目是物理。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第六句“Dancing and skating are my hobbies, and I also like to read short stories.（跳舞和滑冰是我的爱好，我也喜欢读短篇小说。）”可知，跳舞、滑冰和读短篇小说都是Ann的爱好，和别人聊天不是Ann的爱好，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“My dream is to start my own IT company!（我的梦想是创办自己的IT公司!）”可知，Thando的梦想是创办自己的IT公司，故选B。 C While computers are incredibly useful tools, they can also be addictive. Many kids have the problem of spending too much time on the computer. Help your child overcome their own computer addiction by using the following methods. 7 If you are not at home, you can change the password (密码) daily and send it to your child remotely once you’re ready to give them access (机会). 8 Limit your child to using the computer for a maximum of two hours per day if they are over two years old. Children under two should not have access to any screen time. Talk with your child about their excessive computer use. Find out if there are any specific reasons why they spend so much time on the computer. 9 If your child is facing problems that are causing a desire to escape, address those with them through discussions, providing advice, or getting them help when necessary. Be a good role model. 10 Instead, be present when you are with them and work on spending more time together. Encourage them to join clubs or organizations. Find out from them what clubs or organizations are offered at their school. 11 A．Set a time limit on computer use. B．Encourage your child to read books. C．Set a password for the computer that only you know. D．Don’t spend a lot of time using the computer around your child. E．Sometimes, the computer can function as an escape from reality. F．Some children may stay up late into the night in order to use the computer. G．This will provide them with another way of meeting others and developing new hobbies and interests. 【答案】7．C 8．A 9．E 10．D 11．G 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了帮助孩子克服电脑成瘾的方法。 7．前文“Help your child overcome their own computer addiction by using the following methods. (用以下方法帮助你的孩子克服自己的电脑瘾。)”引出下文克服电脑成瘾的方法，后文“If you are not at home, you can change the password daily and send it to your child remotely once you’re ready to give them access. (如果你不在家，你可以每天更改密码，并在你准备好让孩子访问时远程发送给他们。)”可知，此段描述给计算机设置密码，C选项“为计算机设置一个只有你知道的密码。”符合主旨。故选C。 8．后文“Limit your child to using the computer for a maximum of two hours per day if they are over two years old. (如果你的孩子超过两岁，限制他们每天使用电脑的时间不超过两个小时。)”表示此段的建议是设定使用电脑的时间限制，A选项“设定使用电脑的时间限制。”符合主旨。故选A。 9．前文表示应找孩子谈一谈关于过度使用电脑的问题，后文“If your child is facing problems that are causing a desire to escape, address those with them through discussions, providing advice, or getting them help when necessary. (如果你的孩子正面临着导致他们想要逃避的问题，通过讨论、提供建议或在必要时寻求帮助来解决这些问题。)”可知，E选项“有时，电脑可以作为逃避现实的工具。”与后文语境相符，引起下文。故选E。 10．前文表示应成为一个好的榜样，即，自己也不应该太多使用电脑，D选项“不要花太多时间在孩子身边使用电脑。”符合语境且下文Instead进行转折提出家长应该如何做。故选D。 11．前文“Find out from them what clubs or organizations are offered at their school. (从他们那里了解他们学校有哪些俱乐部或组织。)”可知，应让孩子多参与俱乐部和组织，G选项“这将为他们提供另一种结识他人和发展新的爱好和兴趣的方式。”为这样做的好处，符合语境。故选G。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语初升高衔接教案 专题5：连词和状语从句（原卷版） 【课前小测】 单项选择 1．________ you are a Chinese or an Indian, you can find the food you like here. A．Either B．Whether C．Neither 2．Love from parents is like the wind —you can’t see it, ________ you can feel it. A．and B．or C．but 3．Ms. Chen didn’t tell the woman’s name, but we all knew ________ she was talking about. A．which B．whose C．whom D．what 4．David said nothing, ________ simply nodded, as if understanding well. A．and B．but C．or D．so 5．—What do you think of the comedy movies? —______ interesting ______ exciting. No one wants to see it again. A．Not only; but also B．Neither; nor C．Either; or D．Whether; or 6．We can try that, ________ whether it’ll work is another matter. A．and B．but C．or D．so 7．Taxi Apps (打车软件) can help us travel around more easily, _______ more and more people like using them. A．or B．so C．for D．but 8．—Do you prefer grapes ________ bananas? —I prefer grapes ________ bananas. A．to; or B．or; to C．than; to 9．I don’t like milk, ________ I know it’s good for my health. A．though B．because C．if D．since 10．—We can’t be successful ________ we keep working hard. —I agree with you. A．if B．when C．because D．unless 11．You will be punished ________ you follow the traffic rules when driving on roads. A．until B．whether C．unless D．though 12．I didn’t understand my mom’s love ________ we had a long talk. A．until B．if C．since D．be 13．Swimming can be fun and relaxing. However, remember not to swim in a river you don’t know, ________ you are a good swimmer. A．ever since B．at least C．as if D．even though 14．—Jim, let’s go out to play basketball. —Oh, I won’t do that ________ I finish my homework. A．if B．until C．because 15．You can’t feel the beauty of the poems ________ you read them aloud. A．since B．if C．unless D．though 16．No matter ________ work we do, we should try our best to do it well. A．how B．where C．what D．when 17．I will never forget that terrible accident ________ it happened so long ago. A．as if B．even though C．so that D．ever since 18．—I must go home. —It’s raining heavily outside. You must wait ________ it stops. A．since B．as C．when D．till 19．—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do? —Be more active in class ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself. A．unless B．so that C．although 20．During the earthquake, some teachers had succeeded in leading some students to the playground ________ the building fell down. A．but B．because C．though D．before 【知识对接】 1.连词的功能 连词是用来连接词与词，短语与短语或句与句的词。它是一种虚词，在句中不能单独作成分。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。 2.并列连词 并列连词连接属于同一层次并且有相同句法功能的词、短语或分句。常见的并列连词： (1)表并列关系：and、both...and...、not only...but also...、neither... nor...、as well as等。 (2)表选择关系的：or、either...or...等。 (3)表转折关系：but、yet等。 (4)表因果关系：for、so等。 3.从属连词 从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词： (1)引导时间状语从句：after、before、when、while、as、until、till、since、as soon as等。 (2)引导条件状语从句：if、unless等。 (3)引导原因状语从句：because、as、since等。 (4)引导目的状语从句：so that、in order that等。 (5)引导让步状语从句：though、although、even if/though等。 (6)引导结果状语从句：so that、so...that...、such...that...等。 (7)引导比较状语从句：than、as...as...等。 (8)引导名词性从句：that、if、whether等。 种类 连接词 注意点 时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as, hardly...when...,no sooner...than...,the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly 主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；while引导的从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词；until 用在肯定句中，谓语动词是延续性动词，而在否定句中谓语动词通常是短暂性动词 地点状语从句 where, wherever 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that because 表示直接原因，语气最强；since较 弱，表示大家都明了的原因；as又次之 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that 从句中动词时态常用一般现在时代替一般将来时 目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case so that 和 in order that 后常接 may、should、could, would等情态动词 结果状语从句 so...that...,such...that...,so that, so 比较状语从句 than, as... as..., not so/as...as... 方式状语从句 as if, as though, as as if 和 as though 引导的从句中的时态取决于说话者所谈内容的真实性 让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, as, no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever as在让步状语从句中常以部分倒装的形式出现；although 和though用正常语序，可与still和yet连用，但不可与but连用 【难点突破】 突破1并列句的分类 1.表示顺承关系或递进关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词 and、not only...but also...等连接前后简单句。 (1)and常译为“和；并且”，也可不译。 He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。 Last year I met Kate and we became friends.去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。 (2)“not only...but also...”意为“不但······而切……. Not only have the students missed the school bus, but also the teacher has missed the school bus.不仅学生错过了校车，而且他们的老师也错过了校车。 2.表示转折关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词but、yet等连接前后简单句。but常译为“但是；可是”，切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用。 His mother won't be there, but his father might.他母亲不会在那，但他父亲也许会。 School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了，可是所有老师仍然在工作。 3.表示选择关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词or、either...or...等连接前后简单句。 (1)or有两重含义： ①译为“或者”，表示选择。 Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息或者去看电影。 ②译为“否则；要不然”，表示条件。 You must tell the truth, or you will be punished.你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩罚。 (2)“either...or...”结构表示“不是······就是······;或者······或者·····”。 Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it.我叔叔可以做这件事，我婶婶也可以做。 习惯上将两个句子合并成“Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.”。 4.表示因果关系的并列句 这类并列句常用并列连词for、so等连接前后简单句。 (1)for在意义上与从属连词because、since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两个简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构：简单句(结果)，for+简单句(原因)。 He has many good friends, for he is an honest man.他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的人。 (2)so意为“因此；所以”，不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词，而so是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构：简单句(原因)，so+简单句(结果)。 Mr Li went to his hometown, so Mr Wang took his class instead.李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替他上课。 5.其他形式的并列句 (1)“祈使句＋and+简单句”。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语动词常用一般将来时。 Use your head, and you will find a way.动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。 (2)“祈使句＋or+简单句”。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果，谓语动词常用一般将来时。 Study hard, or you will fall behind the others.努力学习，否则你会落后于别人。 巧学助记 使用并列句要注意的几种情况： (1)并列句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。 We fished all day; we didn't catch a fish.我们钓了一天的鱼，但一条也没钓到。 (2)并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句 有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。 My father works in a factory and my mother in a school.我父亲在工厂工作，母亲在学校工作。 (3)由so、nor、neither连接的并列句，后一简单句为避免重复，其成分常倒装并省略一些。 He is not a student, nor am I.他不是学生，我也不是。 Beibei can swim, so can I,贝贝会游泳，我也会。 突破2 常用连词的用法辨析 1.while,when,as 这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同： (1)当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。while, when、as都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。 As/When/While I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car.当我沿着街道走时，我注意到了一辆警车。 (2)当两个延续性动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while. While my mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.当母亲做午饭时，我正在做作业。 (3)当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as. As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.随着孩子们渐渐长大，他们对周围的事情越来越感兴趣。 (4)当两个短暂性的动作同时发生时，或表示“一边······一边······”时，最常用as. She looked behind from time to time as she went ahead.她边向前走边不时地朝后看。 (5)当从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，通常用when. When he finished his work, he took a short rest.当他完成工作后，他休息了一会儿。 (6)当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when. When John arrived I was cooking lunch.约翰到达时，我正在做午饭。 2.as,because,since,for 这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别： (1)如果原因是构成句子最主要的部分，一般用because.因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。另外，回答why的问句常用be cause引导的句子。 I stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨，所以我待在家里。 -Why aren't you going?为什么你不走？ -Because I don't want to(go).因为我不想走。 (2)如果原因已被人们所知或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as或since. since比as稍微正式一点。as和since引导的从句可以放在句首也可以放在句末。 As he wasn't ready, we left without him.由于他没有准备好，我们就没有带他一起。 Since I have no money, I can't buy any food.因为我没有钱，所以我不能买任何食物。 I will ask Kelly to go with me since you are very busy.既然你很忙，我会叫凯莉和我一起去。 (3)for用来补充说明理由。因此for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。for引导的句子不放在句子的开头。 I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.我决定停下来吃午饭，因为我感觉很饿。 We must be off now, for the match starts at 7:00.我们必须得走了，因为比赛7点开始。 3,if,whether if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句时一般可互换。 I wonder whether/if you still study in that school.我想知道你是否还在那所学校学习。 I don't know whether/if he likes that film,我不知道他是否喜欢那部电影。 在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if. (1)引导主语从句时。 Whether he will come to the party is unknown.不知道他是否会来参加聚会。 (2)引导表语从句时。 The question is whether 1 can pass the exam.问题是我能否通过考试。 (3)用于不定式前时。 I haven't made up my mind whether to go there or not.我还没有决定是否去那儿。 4.so.,.that...,such...that... (1)so.,, that...中的so是个副词，其后只能接形容词或副词；而 such...that...中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词性短语。 I'm so tired that I can't walk any further.我很累，所以不想再走了。 It was such a hot day that he went swimming.天气太热了，所以他去游泳了。 (2)如果名词之前有many、much、little、few修饰时，用so,不用such. He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.他受的教育很少以至于他找不到工作。 5.either...or...,neither...nor..., not only...but also... 这三个结构都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要随相邻主语的变化而变化。 Either you or he is wrong.不是你就是他错了。 Neither he nor his children like fish.他和他的孩子们都不喜欢鱼。 Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book,不仅老师想买这本书，学生们也想买这本书。 6.although,but 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”，这个句子应改为“Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.”或“He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”。虽然他已六十多岁，但他和其他人一样努力工作。 7.till/until,not...till/until... 前者表示一个延续性的动作，后者表示一个才开始的动作。 I will stay here until you return.我会待在这里直到你回来。(stay这个动作一直持续到you return) They won't go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.他们只有获得了他们认为合理的东西之后才会继续干下去。 另外till与until基本可以互换，但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till. Until the last minute of the match we kept playing.我们坚持到比赛的最后一分钟。 Not until he had finished his work did he go home.直到做完工作他才回家。(倒装句) 8.though,although,even though 两个词都表示“虽然”，均不可与but同时使用，但在句中可与still或yet连用。although“尽管；虽然”，仅作连词，比较正式，一般可与though互换。though“虽然；尽管；即使”，还可以与even连用(＝even if),表示“即使；纵然”；though作副词时意思是“然而；不过”，一般放在句中或句末。 He passed the exam although/though illness prevented him from going to class,虽然疾病使他无法上课，但他还是通过了考试。 She won't leave the TV set, even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper.她不愿离开电视机，尽管她丈夫在等她吃晚饭。 It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.这是个不热闹的聚会，尽管如此我还是玩得很开心。 突破3主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列两种情况： 1.若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情态动词，或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。 Be careful when you cross the road.你过马路时要小心。 Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。 Cars must stop when the traffic lights turn red.交通灯的红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。 You will succeed if you work hard.如果你努力工作，你就会成功。 2.若主句和从句的谓语动词都是陈述过去的情况，那么主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。 She could sing when she was four years old.她四岁的时候就会唱歌。 【达标训练】 一、单项选择 1．No one is allowed to enter the building ______ he gets a permit. A．if B．as C．because D．unless 2．The dress is really beautiful, ______ it is too small for me. A．or B．but C．so D．and 3．________ many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some people are happy to sit and enjoy the beauty around them. A．If B．While C．Unless D．Until 4．________ Reid failed to score himself, he helped Jones to score two goals. A．Although B．When C．If D．Until 5．That girl in the movie is always full of hope for the future she gets into difficulties many times. A．if B．but C．because D．although 6．We should ______ spend too much time playing nor don’t relax at all. A．either B．neither C．both D．seldom E．hardly 7．I used to get high marks in English, now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening. A．so B．but C．and D．though 8．I didn’t realize he was a famous singer________ he took off his sunglasses. A．until B．while C．what D．because 9．—May I go and play with Dickson this afternoon, Mum? —No, you can’t go out __________ a lot of work is to be done. A．before B．until C．as D．so 10．She liked the dictionary so much that she would like to take it __________ it cost. A．however B．whatever C．no matter how D．how much 11．Mrs Green was cooking breakfast in the kitchen________she heard a loud knock at the door. A．before B．since C．while D．when 12．___________animals___________ plants can live without water. A．Neither, nor B．Both, and C．Either, or D．Not, but 13．The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate ______ the guests arrived. A．since B．when C．unless D．after 14．I run along the road every morning ______ the weather is bad. A．while B．after C．if D．unless 15．They went on working_________ it was late at night. A．even if B．as if C．however D．as though 16．Speak to him slowly ________ he may understand you better. A．since B．so that C．so as to D．for 17．It is 10 years ________ these important environmental problems were addressed, which benefited the entire world. A．since B．after C．before D．when 18．I’ll stay around ________ you need me. A．so that B．even if C．as if D．in case 19．It was_________ that she couldn’t finish it by herself. A．so difficult a work B．such a difficult work C．so difficult work D．such difficult work 20．It’s unnecessary for you to call Tom back ______ he will come in two minutes. A．unless B．although C．after D．because 二、语法填空 用适当的词填空 21．I don’t think I can afford them I like the color. 22．By the way, difficulty you meet with, I’m always here waiting for you to turn to. 23．—It's a long time I saw you last time. —Yes, and what a pity it is since it will be a long time we see each other again. 24．Many students lost marks in the exam simply they didn’t read the questions carefully. 25．A change, no matter badly it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. 26．I’ll find a way to improve on my own so I can make the team the next year. 27．No matter you say, I won’t believe you anymore. 28．I like the clock I made so much I still use it as my alarm! 29．Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. 30．John thought it wouldn’t be long he was ready for his new job. 31．Mike needs to go to Japanese classes in the evenings he works for a famous Japanese company. 32．It is bad weather that I can’t go to walk in the park. 33．She was walking down the road she heard someone shouting for help. 34．I will not lose courage even I should fail ten times. 35．My parents are never satisfied I do better than all my friends – in schoolwork, in hobbies, in everything! 【能力提升】 阅读理解 A THE BOB BAKER MARIONETTES COME TO YOU! Book a marionette (牵线木偶) show to come to your backyard, neighborhood park, school, or simply anywhere there’s fun to be had! For over 55 years, the Bob Baker Marionettes (BBMT) have been taking their show on the road, and they can’t wait to come to YOU! We have several choices to suit any size celebration or event. One-Man Show ($350) ·25-minute performance ·A single performer and 12 marionettes perform a set variety show of endless joy! ·Space Required: 10 ft × 15 ft Two-Man Show ($650) ·25-minute performance ·Two performers and 25 marionettes help you create amazing memories! ·Several theme options (主题选项): Something to Crow About, The CIRCUS, and Hallowe’en SpOoKtAcUlAr! ·Space Required: 15 ft ×20 ft Notes: ·Please make your show request at least 3 weeks in advance. ·For all show options, the travel fee is included for the first 25 miles! Distances over 25 miles from our Highland Park location will incur (带来) an additional travel fee of $50 flat. All shows are self-contained. The show is done to a pre-recorded tape. We’ll bring the speaker system; we just ask for a power outlet (电源插座). After the show, we pride ourselves on showing off the historic and beautiful marionettes, and answering questions from our audience! For Birthday Celebrations, our marionettes will bring a gift to celebrate the birthday person, and sing “Happy Birthday” along with the audience! READY TO BOOK A BOB BAKER TRAVELING SHOW? Please send us a message! 1．How much should people pay for a two-man show performed 30 miles from BBMT? A．$350. B．$400. C．$650. D．$700. 2．What should people prepare to enjoy a Bob Baker traveling show? A．A square room. B．A power outlet. C．A tape recorder. D．A speaker system. 3．What can a birthday person do at his birthday celebrations? A．Try out the marionettes. B．Sing with the marionettes. C．Get a present from the marionettes. D．Choose his favorite marionettes to perform. B Ann, 15, Lakeside High School　USA My name is Ann Wells and I’m a Grade 10 student at Lakeside High School. I’m an active person and I love sports. I’m curious about everything. I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. My favourite subject is physics. Dancing and skating are my hobbies, and I also like to read short stories. I plan to become an engineer in the future. Thando, 16, South Hill High School　South Africa I’m Thando Gowon. I’m 16 this year. I come from South Africa. I’m a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School. I look good, think fast, and play hard. You’ll never see me without a book or a pen. If I’m not in class, I’m either in the library or in the computer lab. At the weekends, I play computer games if I’m not busy studying. My dream is to start my own IT company! 4．What subject does Ann like best? A．English. B．Chinese. C．Chemistry. D．Physics. 5．Which is NOT Ann’s hobby? A．Skating. B．Reading short stories. C．Dancing. D．Chatting with others. 6．What’s Thando’s dream? A．Playing computer games. B．Running a company. C．Buying a new computer. D．Becoming an engineer. C While computers are incredibly useful tools, they can also be addictive. Many kids have the problem of spending too much time on the computer. Help your child overcome their own computer addiction by using the following methods. 7 If you are not at home, you can change the password (密码) daily and send it to your child remotely once you’re ready to give them access (机会). 8 Limit your child to using the computer for a maximum of two hours per day if they are over two years old. Children under two should not have access to any screen time. Talk with your child about their excessive computer use. Find out if there are any specific reasons why they spend so much time on the computer. 9 If your child is facing problems that are causing a desire to escape, address those with them through discussions, providing advice, or getting them help when necessary. Be a good role model. 10 Instead, be present when you are with them and work on spending more time together. Encourage them to join clubs or organizations. Find out from them what clubs or organizations are offered at their school. 11 A．Set a time limit on computer use. B．Encourage your child to read books. C．Set a password for the computer that only you know. D．Don’t spend a lot of time using the computer around your child. E．Sometimes, the computer can function as an escape from reality. F．Some children may stay up late into the night in order to use the computer. G．This will provide them with another way of meeting others and developing new hobbies and interests. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$