Unit 11 同步讲义 2023-2024学年牛津上海版英语七年级下册

七年级春季 七年级春季（学生版） 教师 修改日期 年月日 学生 课程编号 11 课型 新课 课题 U11课文词汇+专题阅读(说明文) 教学目标 1） U11课文挖空练习 2） 词汇知识点 3） 阅读练习 教学重点 1） U11课文词汇学习 2） 巩固阅读 教学安排 版块 时长 1 U11课文 2 词汇知识点 3 阅读巩固 4 5 6 U11课文知识点 知识梳理 I. 课文 7B Unit11 Electricity around us On a dark night, when lightning (1) f__________. On a dark night, when thunder (2) c__________. What do you see? Electricity! When Benjamin Franklin (3) f__________ a kite, Something in the wire gave him a (4) f__________. What could it be? Electricity! But we cannot use the lightning. Doing that would be too (5) f__________. What do we need? Electricity! Boil some water, make some steam, It can drive a big (6) m__________. What does it make? Electricity! See the pylons (7) c__________ wires, On the arms of their tall spires. What do they bring? Electricity! Then it comes into our homes, To plugs and lights in every room. What do they use? (8) E__________! II. 词汇 I. 7B Unit 11 Vocabulary 序号 英文 音标 词性 中文 1 [ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti] n. 电；电能 2 [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] n. 闪电 3 [ˈpaɪlən] n. 电缆塔 4 [flæʃ] v. （使）闪耀；闪光 5 [ˈθʌndə(r)] n. 雷；雷声 6 [kræʃ] v. （使）发出巨响 7 [ˈwaɪə(r)] n. 电线；导线 8 [fraɪt] n. 惊吓；恐怖 9 [ˈfraɪtnɪŋ] adj. 引起恐惧的；使惊恐的；骇人的 10  [ˈkæri] v. 支撑；承载 11 [ɑ:m] n. 臂状物 12 [ˈspaɪə(r)]  n. 尖顶 13  [plʌg] n. （电源）插座；插头 14 [ɪmˈpɔ:tns] n. 重要性 15 [ˈmaɪkrəweɪv] n. 微波炉 16 n. 真空吸尘器 17 ˈprɪntə(r)] n. 打印机 18 [ɪˈlektrɪkl] adj. 电的；用电的 19 [əˈplaɪəns] n. （家用）电器；器具 20 n. 空调机；空调设备 21 [ɪˈlektrɪk] adj. 电的；用电的；电动的；发电的 22  [ 'ket(ə)l] n. （烧水用的）壶；水壶 23 [ˈhi:tə(r)] n. 加热炉；炉子；热水器 24  [ˈkʊkə(r)] n. 厨灶；炉具 25  [ˈaɪən] n. 熨斗 26 [ɪ'fɪʃntlɪ] adv. 效率高地 2. 词性转换 序号 单词 词性 释义 1 n. 电；电能 adj. 电的；用电的（通常接具体的电器） adj. 与电有关的 2 v. 点燃；照亮 n. 光；灯 adj. 轻的；浅色的 n. 闪电 3 n. 闪光 v. 使闪耀 4 n. 电线；导线 adj. 无线的 5 n. 惊恐 v. 使害怕 adj. 感到害怕的 adj. 吓人的 6 v. 打印 n. 打印机 7 v. 烹饪 n. 厨师 n. 炊具 n. 烹饪术 8 adj. 有效率的 adv. 效率高地 9 n. 交通工具 n. 运输 10 v. 表达 n. 特快列车；快递服务 n. 表达；感情 3.重点短语 1. electricity around us 我们周围的电 2. on a dark night 在一个黑暗的晚上 3. lightning flash 闪电 4. fly a kite 放风筝 5. in the wire 在电线上 6. boil some water 烧一些水 7. make some steam 产生蒸汽 8. drive a big machine 驱动一台大机器 9. see the pylons carrying wires 看见电缆塔架着电线 10. on the arms of their tall spires 在高的尖顶的臂状物上 11. the importance of electricity 电的重要性 12. electric kettles 电水壶 13. rice cookers 电饭煲 14. the use of electrical appliances 电器的使用 15. use irons to iron clothes 用熨斗熨衣服 16. keep sb. cool and comfortable 让某人感到凉快和舒适 17. type letters 打印信 18. public transport 公共交通 19. the light rail 轻轨 20. the Air Express 机场快线 21. start operating 开始运转 22. use electricity to operate 使用电来工作 23. send sb. sth./ send sth. to sb. 给某人寄东西 24. make…adj… 让……处于……状态 25. cause air pollution 引起空气污染 26. run through tunnels 穿过隧道 27. run over bridges 穿过桥 28. on the ground 在地面上 29. above ground 在地面上 30. be different from 与……不同 词汇练习 I. Find out "electrical appliances" in the word square according to the pictures. II. Complete the sentences with the words in Exercise I. 1. We use a (an) __________________ to iron clothes. 2. We use a (an) __________________ to cook rice. 3. We use a (an) __________________ to keep food fresh. 4. We use a (an) __________________ to reheat (加热) food. 5. We use a (an) __________________ to keep us cool in summer. 6. We use a (an) __________________ to keep ours rooms bright. 7. We use a (an) __________________ to print pictures and documents (文件). 8. We use a (an) __________________ to keep us warm and comfortable in winter. 9. We use a (an) __________________ to type letters and store (存储) information. III. Complete the passage with the words or phrases from the box. A. convenient B. costs C. covers D. finish E. hours F. is famous for G. much faster Shanghai 1)_________ its Maglev Train. Many people who go to Shanghai will take it. The Maglev Train is 2)_________ than any other train. It took the Chinese and German scientists and workers two and a half years to 3)_________ the Maglev Train. The Maglev Train can run very fast, and it 4)_________ a 45-minute trip by car in eight minutes. However, the short trip usually 5)_________ 50 yuan. It is about l,400 kilometres from Shanghai to Beijing. If you take the Maglev Train to Beijing, the trip will only take a few 66)_________. Taking the Maglev Train is safe, quiet and7)_________. It can fly like a plane. You will have a good time if you take the Maglev Train. III. 语法 1. use的用法 use sth. to do sth. / use sth. for doing sth. 用......做...... 1) We use water to water flowers. 2) We use water for watering flowers. be used to do/ be used for doing sth.被用来......来做 1) Wood is used to make paper. 2) Wood is used for making paper. used to do sth. /be 过去常常做 1) He used to go to school by bus. 他过去常常坐公交车上学。 2) He used to be a student but now he is a doctor. 他过去是个学生，但是现在是个医生。 be/ get/ become used to sth. / doing sth./ 习惯于(做)…… 1) My parents are used to taking a walk after dinner. 我父母习惯于晚饭后散步。 2) He is getting used to the life in London. 他已经习惯于伦敦的生活。 2. make的用法 1) make sb. do -- What he said made me laugh. 2) make sb./ sth. +adj.-- What he said made me happy. 3) make sb./sth.+n.-- All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.（只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会变傻） 3. as well; too; also（也） 1） too 放句末（前面用逗号隔开） 2） as well 放句末（前面没有标点） 3） also 放实意动词前，放助动词，be动词后。 I am a student, too. I am a student as well. I am also a student. 知识小结 1．use的用法 (l)做动词，意思是“使用”，use sth. to do sth.意思是“用某物做某事”。如： The Airport Express uses electricity to operate.机场快线使用电能运行。 People use air-conditioners to keep cool in summer.人们在夏天使用空调保持凉爽。 (2)做名词，意思是“用途”，the use of意思是“……的用途”。如： The good thing about the Airport Express is that the use of electricity does not cause air pollution. 机场快线的优点是它使用电能，不造成空气污染。 2．make的用法 在本单元中有两个关于make的词组：make sth.+adj.意思是“使……怎么样”，make sb. do sth.意思是“让某人做某事”。如： make our lives more convenient 使我们的生活更加便捷 make us feel comfortable 让我们感到舒服 3．方位介词on，in，at (l) at意思是“在……地方”，用来表示空间位置上的某一点，如： at home茌家，at the airport在机场 (2) in意思是“在……里”，表示某一件东西被另一件东西所包围，如： in an office在办公室里，in the kitchen在厨房 (3) on意思是“在……上面”，表示某一事物与另一个事物的“表面”相接触，如： on Lucky Island在幸运岛上，on the desk在桌子上 4．特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句用来询问信息。特殊疑问句以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头，一般用倒装语序。如： What electrical appliances do people use at home? 人们在家使用哪些电器？ What do we use lights to do? 我们用灯来做什么？ How many seats are there in each carriage? 每节车厢有几个座位？ How long is the Airport Express line? 机场快线有多长？ 5．现在完成时的一般疑问句及其回答 现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。助动词have或has提前到主语前构成一般疑问句。现在完成时的一般疑问句常跟ever或yet连用。ever放在句中，yet放在句末。如： - Have you travelled on it yet? 你乘坐过机场快线吗？ - No，I haven't travelled on the Airport Express yet. 没有，我还没乘坐过机场快线。 - Have you ever been to Lucky Island?你曾经去过幸运岛吗？ - Yes，I have.是的，我去过。 或- No，I haven't been to Lucky Island yet.没有，我还未去过幸运岛。 例题分析 I. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 1. We use electricity ____________ machines. (run) 2. Heaters make us ____________ more comfortable in winter. (feel) 3. It's very important to make full ____________ of time. (useful) 4. The policemen's job is to make our city a ____________ place. (save) 5. We have a spring outing every year to make our school life ____________. (enjoy) 6. My father makes me ____________ playing the piano after supper each day. (practise) II. Complete the sentences with in, on and at. 1. My parents and I are watching an interesting film ____________ TV. 2. Mr and Mrs Smith have lived ____________ Shanghai for 10 years. 3. I saw the famous pop star when I was ____________ the airport. 4. My classmates did an experiment ____________ the laboratory yesterday. 5. Tom got off ____________ a wrong bus stop and was late for school that morning. 6. Dongping National Forest Park (东平国家森林公园) is ____________ Chongming Island. 7. Don't sit ____________ the grass. It's wet. 8. There are a few shops ____________ the end of the street. 9. You are not allowed to swim ____________ this river. It's dangerous. 10. I think I heard the doorbell. There is somebody ____________ the door. III. Write complete sentences according to the following expressions. Use the present perfect tense and yet or ever. The first one has been done for you. Bob, finish, dinner? Bob, have you finished your dinner yet? No, I haven't finished my dinner yet. 1. Tom buy magazine? — ____________________________________________________. — No, I haven't bought the magazine yet. 2. Maria eat Japanese food in the new Japanese restaurant? — ____________________________________________________. — No, I have never tried it there. 3. Linda post letter your penfriend? — ____________________________________________________. — Yes, I've just come back from the post office. 4. Sarah be to Shanghai Disney Land? — ____________________________________________________. — Yes, several times. It's a great place to visit. 5. Ben brush your teeth after dinner? — ____________________________________________________. — No, I haven't brushed my teeth yet. I'll do it at once. IV. Complete the dialogue by using the proper questions. M: May, have you heard about the Maglev? 1) _______________________ W: No, I have never been on it. But I know Shanghai Maglev is a high-speed railway combining (结合) the traffic, sightseeing an touring. M: I have been on the Maglev once with my parents. It's an amazing trip. W: 2) _______________________ M: The main line travels about 30 kilometres, starting from Longyang Road and ending at Pudong International Airport. M: It can travel at speed of about 430 kilometres per hour. W: Wow, so fast, like a bird. 4) _______________________ M: It takes about eight minutes to go from Longyang Road to Pudong International Airport. W: That's unbelievable. 5) _______________________ M: Each train can carry 959 passengers. It's the world's fastest and modernist passenger line. W: It sounds so great. I hope I can travel on it one day. 6) _______________________ M: A one way ticket costs 50 yuan, and a round trip ticket costs 80 yuan. W: OK. Thank you for telling me so much about the Maglev, Tom. M: It's my pleasure. V. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( ) 1.The story took place ______ a dark night. A. at B. in C. on D. from ( ) 2. It’s raining hard. ______ an umbrella to your father, Jack. A. Bring B. Take C. Send D. Carry ( ) 3.How can I make him ______ that? A. believe B. to believe C. believing D. believes ( ) 4. -- Do you forget ______ me three dollars? You gave it to me yesterday. -- Sorry. Don’t forget ______ your grandfather tomorrow. A. to give, to see B. to give, seeing C. giving, to see D. giving, seeing ( ) 5. I used to ______ up very late, but now I get up early. A. get B. getting C. gets D. got ( ) 6. This kind of machine is used to ______ bread. A .make B. making C. made D. makes ( ) 7. The Chinese family have been used to ______ Indian food. A. eat B. eating C. eats D. ate ( ) 8. ______ important information they have collected! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How ( ) 9. The teacher came into the classroom ______ some chalk ______ his hand. A. with, in B. in, with C. by, in D. with, by ( ) 10. I won’t believe you until I see it ______ my own eyes. A. with B. in C. on D. to ( ) 11. My parents were having supper when I ______ back home. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes ( ) 12. My sister ______ the Youth League last year. A. joined in B. joined C. took part in D. attended ( ) 3. Father ______ his coat and went out. A. put on B. puts on C. has put on D. will put on ( ) 14. The teacher ______ me a question just now. A. ask B. asked C. asking D. asks ( ) 15. This is my ninth birthday and I ______ eight years old last year. A. was B. were C. is D. are VI. Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形式填空） 1. We use __________ (electricity) kettle to boil water. 2. This story is __________ (main) about robbers and policemen. 3. In order to cook some delicious food, you’d better have a __________ (cooker) lesson. 4. I need to buy a __________ (print) for my office. 5. Something in the wire gave Benjamin Franklin a __________ (frightening) VII. Rewrite the sentence as required. (按要求改写句子) 1. I often went to school on foot when I was young. (保持句意基本不变) I __________ __________walk to school when I was young. 2. It takes me half an hour to go to school by bus. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ it take you to go to school by bus? 3. Computers sent information to the drivers. (改为一般疑问句) __________computers __________ information to the drivers? 4. He visits his grandparents three times a month. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ does he visit his grandparents? 5. What about having a barbecue this Sunday? (保持句意基本不变) __________ __________ have a barbecue this Sunday? 6. He is too young to go to school. (保持句意基本不变) He isn’t __________ __________ __________ go to school. 课后巩固 I. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( ) 1.The Airport Express runs ______ the tunnel for 15 kilometres. A. over B. across C. in D. through ( ) 2. My mother was cooking food ______ I went home yesterday. A. since B. because C. when D. while ( ) 3.Computers help make us work ______. A. efficient B. more efficient D. efficiently D. more efficiently ( ) 4. None of the news ______ bad news. A. are B. is C. be D. will ( ) 5. Not only Jack but also I ______ late for school this morning. A. is B. am C. was D. were ( ) 6. If you ______ hard now, you will make great progress. A. are working B. work C. will work D. have worked ( ) 7. Don’t go ______ the road now. The red light is on. A. over B. cross C. across D. through ( ) 8. As we all know, light ______ faster than sound. A. travelled B. will travel C. travels D. travel ( ) 9. ______ important electricity is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an ( ) 10. Anna has three sisters, one is a college student, ______ two are junior school students. A. the others B. the other C. others D. other ( ) 11. --______ does May look like? --She’s thin and tall. A. What B. How C. Which D. When ( ) 12. ______ has been done by the officials, has it? A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything D. Everything ( ) 13. It ______ five years since he left for Beijing. A. was B. is C. will be D. is going to be ( ) 14. Tom’s father seemed ______ with his progress. A. sad B. angrily C. happy D. happily ( ) 15. Could you please tell us ______? A. what was his trouble B. what his trouble was C. what was wrong with him D. what’s wrong with him ( ) 16.We have enough bread, so you don’t need ______ any. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought ( ) 17. We ______ each other since two years ago. A. won’t see B. didn’t see C. hadn’t seen D. haven’t seen ( ) 18.A guide will ______ the tourists around Shanghai. A. take B. lead C. show D. bring ( ) 19 You needn’t ______ it right now if you are busy. A. to finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished ( ) 20.The teacher with a lot of students ______ visiting a car factory at that time. A. are B. is C. was D. were II. Complete the sentences with the given words. （用所给单词的适当形式填空） 1. Electricity makes travelling fast, safe and __________. (convenience) 2. We use a __________ cleaner to clean the floor. (vacuum) 3. The Airport Railway __________ up City Centre with Garden City’s new airport. (link) 4. These __________ machines are very expensive. (wash) 5. We have an interesting and __________ school life. (enjoy) III. Rewrite the sentence as required. (按要求改写句子) 1. Electricity gives power to lights. (对划线部分提问） __________ does electricity give power __________? 2.--Have you ever travelled on the Airport Railway?（否定回答） -- __________ __________. 3. The trains are very comfortable because it is powered by electricity.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________the trains very comfortable? 4. Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? （保持句意不变） Could you tell me __________ __________ get to the railway station? 5. The new book cost Bob 10 yuan.（保持句意不变） Bob __________ 10 yuan __________ the new book. 阅读练习 识别文体特征——说明文Tips 初中阶段的说明文是对日常事物进行简单阐述、解释的一类文体，目的是帮助读者获得必要的信息。常见的说明方法有下定义、举例子、列数字、作比较等。恰当运用说明方法能使说明对象更具体、更清晰。 以本单元阅读部分（第77页）为例，本文介绍了机场快线( The Airport Express)。作者通过列数字的方式介绍了机场快线线路的长度。通过作比较的方式说明机场快线与地铁的不同。通过举例子的方式说明机场快线“modern”和“comfortable”两个特征。大家在阅读说明类文本时，要关注其说明方法，这样有利于我们更好地理解文章内容。 例题分析 Facts about Lightning In ancient times, people considered lightning to be one of the greatest mysteries (神秘的事物) of nature. Some ancient people believed that lightning and thunder were the weapons of the gods. In fact, lightning is a flow of electricity formed high above the earth. A single flash of lightning l.6 kilometres long has enough electricity to light one million light bulbs. The American scientist, Benjamin Franklin, was the first to show the connection between electricity and lightning in 1752. In the same year he also built the first lightning rod (避雷针). It protects buildings from being damaged (毁坏) by lightning. Modem science has discovered a flash of lightning between a cloud and the earth may be as long as 13 kilometres, and travels at a speed of 30 thousand kilometres per second. Scientists find that there are about 2,000 million flashes of lightning per year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building (帝国大厦) in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States alone it kills an average of one person every day. The safest place to be in case of an electrical storm is in a closed car. Outside, one should go to low ground and not get under trees. Also one should stay out of water and away from metal fences. Inside a house, people should avoid open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things. With lightning, it is better to be safe than sorry. A. Find out the supporting details in the passage for the following statements. 1. In ancient times, people didn't know what the lighting is. _______________________________________________________ 2. A single flash of lighting is very powerful. _______________________________________________________ 3. The lighting rod is very useful. _______________________________________________________ 4. A flash of lighting travels very fast. _______________________________________________________ 5. Lighting is very dangerous. _______________________________________________________ B. Answer the following questions. 1. How to stay safe when there is an electrical storm? (List at least two ways.) _______________________________________________________ 2. How do you understand the last sentence "With lightning, it is better to be safe than sorry." _______________________________________________________ 主题阅读 Earth Hour Every day, we use electricity to do different things, such as surfing the Internet, watching TV and playing video games. All of those activities need energy and this will harm our beloved (钟爱的) planet, Earth. In 2007, Earth Hour was held in Sydney, Australia at 7:30 p.m. local time. People turned off unnecessary lights for one hour to save energy. Now, Earth Hour is celebrated every year in more than 7,000 cities and towns in more than 150 countries around the world. This global event has raised people's awareness (意识) about the importance of protecting our planet by saving energy. This year, Earth Hour will be celebrated on Saturday, March 28 at 8:30 p.m. local time. Everyone can take part in it, including you! How to celebrate Earth Hour? Here are some tips for you. 1. Mark it on your calendar. Yes, this year it's on March 28, at 8:30 p.m. local time. That means it's at 8:30 p.m. wherever you are on that day. 2. At 8:30 p.m., turn off the lights. You only need to tum off unnecessary lights. For example, if there are three lights in your living room, you can tum off two and leave one on. Or even better, you can turn off all three and use a small LED light, which uses less energy. 3. At 8:30 p.m., turn off electrical devices (设备). This includes any TVs, computers, laptops, and some others. Instead of watching TV or playing video games, you can play games that do not require electricity, such as hide-and-seek, treasure hunt, and board games. You can also go out, meet friends and discuss other ways to save energy and live in an environmentally friendly way. 4. Go beyond (超越) one hour. This means even when it is not Earth Hour, you should always turn off lights whenever you leave home, and always turn off appliances when you are not using them. This will not only save energy, but will also save you money in the long run. Now, let's get ready to celebrate Earth Hour! Save energy — love our Earth! A. Answer the following questions. 1. What is Earth Hour? _______________________________________________________ 2. Why do people start to celebrate Earth Hour? _______________________________________________________ 3. People will celebrate Earth Hour at 7:30 p.m. on March 28 this year, won't they? _______________________________________________________ 4. How many tips about the way to celebrate Earth Hour are mentioned (提到) in this passage? _______________________________________________________ 5. What can you do when you turn off electrical devices? _______________________________________________________ 6. How will you celebrate Earth Hour? _______________________________________________________ topic 综合阅读练习课后巩固 I. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Winter is dangerous because it’s so difficult to know what is going to happen and accidents take place so easily. Fog can be waiting to meet you over the top of a hill. Ice might be hiding under the melting (融化) snow, waiting ahead (前面) to send you off the road. The car coming to you may suddenly slip(滑动) across the road. Rule Number One for driving on icy roads is to drive smoothly (平稳地). Sudden movements can make a car very difficult to control. So every time you either start or stop your car, increase or reduce your speed, you must be as gentle and slow as possible. Suppose you are driving with a full cup of hot coffee on the seat next to you. Drive so that you wouldn’t spill (溅) it. Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen. The more ice there is, the further down the road you have to look. Test how long it takes to gently stop your car. Remember that you may be driving more quickly than you think. Generally, allow twice of your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance(距离) on snow, and even more on ice. Try to stay in control of your car at all time and you will not get into trouble. 1. The writer tries to ______ in this passage. A. show his dislikes about bad winter weather B. give information about winter weather C. ask people not to drive in winter D. advise people about safe driving in winter 2. People can ______ after reading this passage. A. find out about the weather B. get some information on driving lessons C. learn about better driving D. decide which is the best season for traveling 3. According to the passage, the writer thinks that ______. A. people should not drive in the snow B. drivers should be more careful in winter driving C. drivers should drive too fast in winter D. winter drivers should stop their cars less 4. In the passage he writer talks about a cup of coffee ______. A. to show how important smooth movements are B. to ask the drivers to bring some soft drinks with them C. to tell the drivers to be more relaxed D. to show how it can be spilled 5. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Traffic accidents take place easily in winter. B. Fog and melting snow often cause car accidents. C. The stopping distance on ice is as long as the usual one. D. In winter you should drive your car with great care. II. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Last Tuesday I took my two daughters, aged five and seven, to town by car. It began to rain hard ___1___ I decided I would leave the children in the car before I went quickly into a shop. I ___2___ the girls not to touch anything and told them I would be back within a few minutes. Then I locked all the doors and left them happily looking out of the window. I returned to the car in less than five minutes but the girls had disappeared! I could hardly believe my eyes. The car doors were ___3___ locked, the windows were shut and on the back seat were only two coats. Being ___4___, I ran to the corner of the street where there was no sign of them. I rushed up to an old lady nearby and asked ___5___ she had seen two small girls but she said “No”. Feeling quick sick with fear, I sat on the driver’s seat, and tried to stop trembling. Suddenly, I heard a merry laugh behind me. I got out of the car, ran round to open the boot and there inside were two very red-faced and excited children. They had obviously pulled out the back seat, climbed ___6___ it and then been unable to push the seat forward again. With tears in my eyes, I leaned forward and pulled their ears. ( ) 1. A. because B. so C. although D. until ( ) 2. A. let B. warned C. allowed D. repeated ( ) 3. A. hardly B. again C. already D. still ( ) 4. A. excited B. proud C. frightened D. pleased ( ) 5. A. that B. when C. whether D. how ( ) 6. A. behind B. inside C. outside D. across III. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每格一词，首字母已给) Overhead bridges can be seen in many parts of Singapore, in the places where traffic is very h____1____ and crossing the road is not safe. These bridges can help people cross roads s____2____. Overhead bridges are used very much in the same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient, t____3____ less convenient because people have to climb up a lot of steps. This is inconvenient to the old. When people use an overhead bridge, they do not hold up traffic. But when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is held up. This is w____4____ the government has built many overhead bridges to help people and keep traffic moving at the same time. The government of Singapore has s____5____ a lot of money building these bridges. For their own safety, people should be advised to use them instead of rushing cross the road. Old people may find it a little d____6____ to climb up and down the steps, but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the moving traffic. Overhead bridges are very useful. To stop accidents from h____7____, people, both old and young, should always use them. IV. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题） Among the four skills in learning English, which one of these seems to be different from the others? The answer is speaking. The other three you can do alone on your own. But you can’t really speak alone! Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practice speaking when you are alone? At school If you pay to go to a language school, you should use the chance to speak. If your teacher asks you to speak in pairs or groups with other students, try to say as much as possible. Don’t worry about your mistakes. Just speak! Conversation Clubs Many cities around the world have conversation clubs where people can exchange(交换) one language for another. Look in your local newspaper to find a conversation club near you. They are usually free although some may charge a small entrance fee. Shopping Even if you don’t want to buy anything, you can ask questions about products that interest you in a shop. “How much does this cost?” “How can I use it properly?” Often you can start a real conversation and it costs you nothing! Café and Bars There are often American, British, Irish and Australian bars in many large cities. If you can find one, you’ll probably meet many people speaking English as a first or second language. Songs and Video Repeat(重复) the words of an English-language song singing with the music until it becomes automatic(自动的). It’s good practice for your memory and for the mouth muscles that you need for English. Signs Language is all around you. Wherever you go, you find language. Shop names, street names, advertisements, notices, and car numbers… When you walk down the street, you can practice reading the words and numbers you see. Say them to yourself. It’s not exactly a conversation, but it will help you to “think” in English. But don’t speak too loud! Above all, speak as much as possible! Make as many mistakes as possible! When you know that you have made a mistake, you know that you have made progress! 1. English learners can’t speak alone, can they? _________________________________________________________ 2. How many ways does the writer suggest to learn to speak English when you are alone? _______________________________________________________________ 3. What should the English learners do if they are asked to speak in pairs? _______________________________________________________________ 4. According to the passage, how do English learners find a conversation club near them? _______________________________________________________________ 5. According to the writer, how long should English learners Repeat(重复) the words of an English-language song? _______________________________________________________________ 6. What do you think is the best way to learn English well? Why? _______________________________________________________________ 19 / 19第11课：U11课文词汇知识点+专项阅读(说明文) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 七年级春季 七年级春季（教师版） 教师 修改日期 年月日 学生 课程编号 11 课型 新课 课题 U11课文词汇+专题阅读(说明文) 教学目标 1） U11课文挖空练习 2） 词汇知识点 3） 阅读练习 教学重点 1） U11课文词汇学习 2） 巩固阅读 教学安排 版块 时长 1 U11课文 2 词汇知识点 3 阅读巩固 4 5 6 U11课文知识点 知识梳理 I. 课文 7B Unit11 Electricity around us On a dark night, when lightning (1) f__________. On a dark night, when thunder (2) c__________. What do you see? Electricity! When Benjamin Franklin (3) f__________ a kite, Something in the wire gave him a (4) f__________. What could it be? Electricity! But we cannot use the lightning. Doing that would be too (5) f__________. What do we need? Electricity! Boil some water, make some steam, It can drive a big (6) m__________. What does it make? Electricity! See the pylons (7) c__________ wires, On the arms of their tall spires. What do they bring? Electricity! Then it comes into our homes, To plugs and lights in every room. What do they use? (8) E__________! II. 词汇 I. 7B Unit 11 Vocabulary 序号 英文 音标 词性 中文 1 electricity [ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti] n. 电；电能 2 lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] n. 闪电 3 *pylon [ˈpaɪlən] n. 电缆塔 4 flash [flæʃ] v. （使）闪耀；闪光 5 thunder [ˈθʌndə(r)] n. 雷；雷声 6 crash [kræʃ] v. （使）发出巨响 7 wire [ˈwaɪə(r)] n. 电线；导线 8 fright [fraɪt] n. 惊吓；恐怖 9 frightening [ˈfraɪtnɪŋ] adj. 引起恐惧的；使惊恐的；骇人的 10 carry  [ˈkæri] v. 支撑；承载 11 arm [ɑ:m] n. 臂状物 12 *spire [ˈspaɪə(r)]  n. 尖顶 13 plug  [plʌg] n. （电源）插座；插头 14 importance [ɪmˈpɔ:tns] n. 重要性 15 microware [ˈmaɪkrəweɪv] n. 微波炉 16 vacuum cleaner n. 真空吸尘器 17 printer ˈprɪntə(r)] n. 打印机 18 electrical [ɪˈlektrɪkl] adj. 电的；用电的 19 appliance [əˈplaɪəns] n. （家用）电器；器具 20 air conditioner n. 空调机；空调设备 21 electric [ɪˈlektrɪk] adj. 电的；用电的；电动的；发电的 22 kettle  [ 'ket(ə)l] n. （烧水用的）壶；水壶 23 heater [ˈhi:tə(r)] n. 加热炉；炉子；热水器 24 cooker  [ˈkʊkə(r)] n. 厨灶；炉具 25 iron  [ˈaɪən] n. 熨斗 26 efficiently [ɪ'fɪʃntlɪ] adv. 效率高地 2. 词性转换 序号 单词 词性 释义 1 electricity n. 电；电能 electric adj. 电的；用电的（通常接具体的电器） electrical adj. 与电有关的 2 light v. 点燃；照亮 n. 光；灯 adj. 轻的；浅色的 lightning n. 闪电 3 flash n. 闪光 v. 使闪耀 4 wire n. 电线；导线 wireless adj. 无线的 5 fright n. 惊恐 frighten v. 使害怕 frightened adj. 感到害怕的 frightening adj. 吓人的 6 print v. 打印 printer n. 打印机 7 cook v. 烹饪 n. 厨师 cooker n. 炊具 cookery n. 烹饪术 8 efficient adj. 有效率的 efficiently adv. 效率高地 9 transport n. 交通工具 transportation n. 运输 10 express v. 表达 n. 特快列车；快递服务 expression n. 表达；感情 3.重点短语 1. electricity around us 我们周围的电 2. on a dark night 在一个黑暗的晚上 3. lightning flash 闪电 4. fly a kite 放风筝 5. in the wire 在电线上 6. boil some water 烧一些水 7. make some steam 产生蒸汽 8. drive a big machine 驱动一台大机器 9. see the pylons carrying wires 看见电缆塔架着电线 10. on the arms of their tall spires 在高的尖顶的臂状物上 11. the importance of electricity 电的重要性 12. electric kettles 电水壶 13. rice cookers 电饭煲 14. the use of electrical appliances 电器的使用 15. use irons to iron clothes 用熨斗熨衣服 16. keep sb. cool and comfortable 让某人感到凉快和舒适 17. type letters 打印信 18. public transport 公共交通 19. the light rail 轻轨 20. the Air Express 机场快线 21. start operating 开始运转 22. use electricity to operate 使用电来工作 23. send sb. sth./ send sth. to sb. 给某人寄东西 24. make…adj… 让……处于……状态 25. cause air pollution 引起空气污染 26. run through tunnels 穿过隧道 27. run over bridges 穿过桥 28. on the ground 在地面上 29. above ground 在地面上 30. be different from 与……不同 词汇练习 I. Find out "electrical appliances" in the word square according to the pictures. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: II. Complete the sentences with the words in Exercise I. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. an iron 2. a rice cooker 3. a fridge 4. a microwave 5. a fan 6. a lamp 7. a printer 8. a heater 9. a computer 1. We use a (an) __________________ to iron clothes. 2. We use a (an) __________________ to cook rice. 3. We use a (an) __________________ to keep food fresh. 4. We use a (an) __________________ to reheat (加热) food. 5. We use a (an) __________________ to keep us cool in summer. 6. We use a (an) __________________ to keep ours rooms bright. 7. We use a (an) __________________ to print pictures and documents (文件). 8. We use a (an) __________________ to keep us warm and comfortable in winter. 9. We use a (an) __________________ to type letters and store (存储) information. III. Complete the passage with the words or phrases from the box. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. F 2. G 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. E 7. A A. convenient B. costs C. covers D. finish E. hours F. is famous for G. much faster Shanghai 1)_________ its Maglev Train. Many people who go to Shanghai will take it. The Maglev Train is 2)_________ than any other train. It took the Chinese and German scientists and workers two and a half years to 3)_________ the Maglev Train. The Maglev Train can run very fast, and it 4)_________ a 45-minute trip by car in eight minutes. However, the short trip usually 5)_________ 50 yuan. It is about l,400 kilometres from Shanghai to Beijing. If you take the Maglev Train to Beijing, the trip will only take a few 66)_________. Taking the Maglev Train is safe, quiet and7)_________. It can fly like a plane. You will have a good time if you take the Maglev Train. III. 语法 1. use的用法 use sth. to do sth. / use sth. for doing sth. 用......做...... 1) We use water to water flowers. 2) We use water for watering flowers. be used to do/ be used for doing sth.被用来......来做 1) Wood is used to make paper. 2) Wood is used for making paper. used to do sth. /be 过去常常做 1) He used to go to school by bus. 他过去常常坐公交车上学。 2) He used to be a student but now he is a doctor. 他过去是个学生，但是现在是个医生。 be/ get/ become used to sth. / doing sth./ 习惯于(做)…… 1) My parents are used to taking a walk after dinner. 我父母习惯于晚饭后散步。 2) He is getting used to the life in London. 他已经习惯于伦敦的生活。 2. make的用法 1) make sb. do -- What he said made me laugh. 2) make sb./ sth. +adj.-- What he said made me happy. 3) make sb./sth.+n.-- All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.（只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会变傻） 3. as well; too; also（也） 1） too 放句末（前面用逗号隔开） 2） as well 放句末（前面没有标点） 3） also 放实意动词前，放助动词，be动词后。 I am a student, too. I am a student as well. I am also a student. 知识小结 1．use的用法 (l)做动词，意思是“使用”，use sth. to do sth.意思是“用某物做某事”。如： The Airport Express uses electricity to operate.机场快线使用电能运行。 People use air-conditioners to keep cool in summer.人们在夏天使用空调保持凉爽。 (2)做名词，意思是“用途”，the use of意思是“……的用途”。如： The good thing about the Airport Express is that the use of electricity does not cause air pollution. 机场快线的优点是它使用电能，不造成空气污染。 2．make的用法 在本单元中有两个关于make的词组：make sth.+adj.意思是“使……怎么样”，make sb. do sth.意思是“让某人做某事”。如： make our lives more convenient 使我们的生活更加便捷 make us feel comfortable 让我们感到舒服 3．方位介词on，in，at (l) at意思是“在……地方”，用来表示空间位置上的某一点，如： at home茌家，at the airport在机场 (2) in意思是“在……里”，表示某一件东西被另一件东西所包围，如： in an office在办公室里，in the kitchen在厨房 (3) on意思是“在……上面”，表示某一事物与另一个事物的“表面”相接触，如： on Lucky Island在幸运岛上，on the desk在桌子上 4．特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句用来询问信息。特殊疑问句以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头，一般用倒装语序。如： What electrical appliances do people use at home? 人们在家使用哪些电器？ What do we use lights to do? 我们用灯来做什么？ How many seats are there in each carriage? 每节车厢有几个座位？ How long is the Airport Express line? 机场快线有多长？ 5．现在完成时的一般疑问句及其回答 现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。助动词have或has提前到主语前构成一般疑问句。现在完成时的一般疑问句常跟ever或yet连用。ever放在句中，yet放在句末。如： - Have you travelled on it yet? 你乘坐过机场快线吗？ - No，I haven't travelled on the Airport Express yet. 没有，我还没乘坐过机场快线。 - Have you ever been to Lucky Island?你曾经去过幸运岛吗？ - Yes，I have.是的，我去过。 或- No，I haven't been to Lucky Island yet.没有，我还未去过幸运岛。 例题分析 I. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. to run 2. feel 3. use 4. safe 5. enjoyable 6. practise 1. We use electricity ____________ machines. (run) 2. Heaters make us ____________ more comfortable in winter. (feel) 3. It's very important to make full ____________ of time. (useful) 4. The policemen's job is to make our city a ____________ place. (save) 5. We have a spring outing every year to make our school life ____________. (enjoy) 6. My father makes me ____________ playing the piano after supper each day. (practise) II. Complete the sentences with in, on and at. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. on 2. in 3. at 4. in 5. at 6. on 7. on 8. at 9. in 10. at 1. My parents and I are watching an interesting film ____________ TV. 2. Mr and Mrs Smith have lived ____________ Shanghai for 10 years. 3. I saw the famous pop star when I was ____________ the airport. 4. My classmates did an experiment ____________ the laboratory yesterday. 5. Tom got off ____________ a wrong bus stop and was late for school that morning. 6. Dongping National Forest Park (东平国家森林公园) is ____________ Chongming Island. 7. Don't sit ____________ the grass. It's wet. 8. There are a few shops ____________ the end of the street. 9. You are not allowed to swim ____________ this river. It's dangerous. 10. I think I heard the doorbell. There is somebody ____________ the door. III. Write complete sentences according to the following expressions. Use the present perfect tense and yet or ever. The first one has been done for you. Bob, finish, dinner? Bob, have you finished your dinner yet? No, I haven't finished my dinner yet. 1. Tom buy magazine? Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. Tom, have you bought the magazine yet? 2. Maria, have you ever eaten Japanese food in the new Japanese restaurant? 3. Linda, have you posted the letter to your penfriend yet? 4. Sarah, have you ever been to Shanghai Disney Land? 5. Ben, have you brushed your teeth after dinner yet? — ____________________________________________________. — No, I haven't bought the magazine yet. 2. Maria eat Japanese food in the new Japanese restaurant? — ____________________________________________________. — No, I have never tried it there. 3. Linda post letter your penfriend? — ____________________________________________________. — Yes, I've just come back from the post office. 4. Sarah be to Shanghai Disney Land? — ____________________________________________________. — Yes, several times. It's a great place to visit. 5. Ben brush your teeth after dinner? — ____________________________________________________. — No, I haven't brushed my teeth yet. I'll do it at once. IV. Complete the dialogue by using the proper questions. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. Have you ever been on it? 2. How long does the Maglev line travel? 3. How fast can the Maglev travel? 4. How long does it take to go from Longyang Road to Pudong International Airport? 5. How many passengers can each train carry? 6. How much does the ticket cost? M: May, have you heard about the Maglev? 1) _______________________ W: No, I have never been on it. But I know Shanghai Maglev is a high-speed railway combining (结合) the traffic, sightseeing an touring. M: I have been on the Maglev once with my parents. It's an amazing trip. W: 2) _______________________ M: The main line travels about 30 kilometres, starting from Longyang Road and ending at Pudong International Airport. M: It can travel at speed of about 430 kilometres per hour. W: Wow, so fast, like a bird. 4) _______________________ M: It takes about eight minutes to go from Longyang Road to Pudong International Airport. W: That's unbelievable. 5) _______________________ M: Each train can carry 959 passengers. It's the world's fastest and modernist passenger line. W: It sounds so great. I hope I can travel on it one day. 6) _______________________ M: A one way ticket costs 50 yuan, and a round trip ticket costs 80 yuan. W: OK. Thank you for telling me so much about the Maglev, Tom. M: It's my pleasure. V. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9.A 10.A 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A ( ) 1.The story took place ______ a dark night. A. at B. in C. on D. from ( ) 2. It’s raining hard. ______ an umbrella to your father, Jack. A. Bring B. Take C. Send D. Carry ( ) 3.How can I make him ______ that? A. believe B. to believe C. believing D. believes ( ) 4. -- Do you forget ______ me three dollars? You gave it to me yesterday. -- Sorry. Don’t forget ______ your grandfather tomorrow. A. to give, to see B. to give, seeing C. giving, to see D. giving, seeing ( ) 5. I used to ______ up very late, but now I get up early. A. get B. getting C. gets D. got ( ) 6. This kind of machine is used to ______ bread. A .make B. making C. made D. makes ( ) 7. The Chinese family have been used to ______ Indian food. A. eat B. eating C. eats D. ate ( ) 8. ______ important information they have collected! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How ( ) 9. The teacher came into the classroom ______ some chalk ______ his hand. A. with, in B. in, with C. by, in D. with, by ( ) 10. I won’t believe you until I see it ______ my own eyes. A. with B. in C. on D. to ( ) 11. My parents were having supper when I ______ back home. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes ( ) 12. My sister ______ the Youth League last year. A. joined in B. joined C. took part in D. attended ( ) 3. Father ______ his coat and went out. A. put on B. puts on C. has put on D. will put on ( ) 14. The teacher ______ me a question just now. A. ask B. asked C. asking D. asks ( ) 15. This is my ninth birthday and I ______ eight years old last year. A. was B. were C. is D. are VI. Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形式填空） 1. We use __________ (electricity) kettle to boil water. 2. This story is __________ (main) about robbers and policemen. 3. In order to cook some delicious food, you’d better have a __________ (cooker) lesson. 4. I need to buy a __________ (print) for my office. 5. Something in the wire gave Benjamin Franklin a __________ (frightening) VII. Rewrite the sentence as required. (按要求改写句子) Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. used to 2. How long does 3. Did send 4. How often 5. Why not 6. old enough to 1. I often went to school on foot when I was young. (保持句意基本不变) I __________ __________walk to school when I was young. 2. It takes me half an hour to go to school by bus. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ it take you to go to school by bus? 3. Computers sent information to the drivers. (改为一般疑问句) __________computers __________ information to the drivers? 4. He visits his grandparents three times a month. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ does he visit his grandparents? 5. What about having a barbecue this Sunday? (保持句意基本不变) __________ __________ have a barbecue this Sunday? 6. He is too young to go to school. (保持句意基本不变) He isn’t __________ __________ __________ go to school. 课后巩固 I. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. C 9.C 10.B 11. A 12. B 13. B . 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. C 19.B 20.C ( ) 1.The Airport Express runs ______ the tunnel for 15 kilometres. A. over B. across C. in D. through ( ) 2. My mother was cooking food ______ I went home yesterday. A. since B. because C. when D. while ( ) 3.Computers help make us work ______. A. efficient B. more efficient D. efficiently D. more efficiently ( ) 4. None of the news ______ bad news. A. are B. is C. be D. will ( ) 5. Not only Jack but also I ______ late for school this morning. A. is B. am C. was D. were ( ) 6. If you ______ hard now, you will make great progress. A. are working B. work C. will work D. have worked ( ) 7. Don’t go ______ the road now. The red light is on. A. over B. cross C. across D. through ( ) 8. As we all know, light ______ faster than sound. A. travelled B. will travel C. travels D. travel ( ) 9. ______ important electricity is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an ( ) 10. Anna has three sisters, one is a college student, ______ two are junior school students. A. the others B. the other C. others D. other ( ) 11. --______ does May look like? --She’s thin and tall. A. What B. How C. Which D. When ( ) 12. ______ has been done by the officials, has it? A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything D. Everything ( ) 13. It ______ five years since he left for Beijing. A. was B. is C. will be D. is going to be ( ) 14. Tom’s father seemed ______ with his progress. A. sad B. angrily C. happy D. happily ( ) 15. Could you please tell us ______? A. what was his trouble B. what his trouble was C. what was wrong with him D. what’s wrong with him ( ) 16.We have enough bread, so you don’t need ______ any. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought ( ) 17. We ______ each other since two years ago. A. won’t see B. didn’t see C. hadn’t seen D. haven’t seen ( ) 18.A guide will ______ the tourists around Shanghai. A. take B. lead C. show D. bring ( ) 19 You needn’t ______ it right now if you are busy. A. to finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished ( ) 20.The teacher with a lot of students ______ visiting a car factory at that time. A. are B. is C. was D. were II. Complete the sentences with the given words. （用所给单词的适当形式填空） Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. convenient 2. vacuum 3. links 4. washing 5. enjoyable 1. Electricity makes travelling fast, safe and __________. (convenience) 2. We use a __________ cleaner to clean the floor. (vacuum) 3. The Airport Railway __________ up City Centre with Garden City’s new airport. (link) 4. These __________ machines are very expensive. (wash) 5. We have an interesting and __________ school life. (enjoy) III. Rewrite the sentence as required. (按要求改写句子) Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. What to 2. not yet 3. Why are 4. how to 5. spent…on 1. Electricity gives power to lights. (对划线部分提问） __________ does electricity give power __________? 2.--Have you ever travelled on the Airport Railway?（否定回答） -- __________ __________. 3. The trains are very comfortable because it is powered by electricity.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________the trains very comfortable? 4. Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station? （保持句意不变） Could you tell me __________ __________ get to the railway station? 5. The new book cost Bob 10 yuan.（保持句意不变） Bob __________ 10 yuan __________ the new book. 阅读练习 识别文体特征——说明文Tips 初中阶段的说明文是对日常事物进行简单阐述、解释的一类文体，目的是帮助读者获得必要的信息。常见的说明方法有下定义、举例子、列数字、作比较等。恰当运用说明方法能使说明对象更具体、更清晰。 以本单元阅读部分（第77页）为例，本文介绍了机场快线( The Airport Express)。作者通过列数字的方式介绍了机场快线线路的长度。通过作比较的方式说明机场快线与地铁的不同。通过举例子的方式说明机场快线“modern”和“comfortable”两个特征。大家在阅读说明类文本时，要关注其说明方法，这样有利于我们更好地理解文章内容。 例题分析 Facts about Lightning In ancient times, people considered lightning to be one of the greatest mysteries (神秘的事物) of nature. Some ancient people believed that lightning and thunder were the weapons of the gods. In fact, lightning is a flow of electricity formed high above the earth. A single flash of lightning l.6 kilometres long has enough electricity to light one million light bulbs. The American scientist, Benjamin Franklin, was the first to show the connection between electricity and lightning in 1752. In the same year he also built the first lightning rod (避雷针). It protects buildings from being damaged (毁坏) by lightning. Modem science has discovered a flash of lightning between a cloud and the earth may be as long as 13 kilometres, and travels at a speed of 30 thousand kilometres per second. Scientists find that there are about 2,000 million flashes of lightning per year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building (帝国大厦) in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States alone it kills an average of one person every day. The safest place to be in case of an electrical storm is in a closed car. Outside, one should go to low ground and not get under trees. Also one should stay out of water and away from metal fences. Inside a house, people should avoid open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things. With lightning, it is better to be safe than sorry. A. Find out the supporting details in the passage for the following statements. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. In ancient times, people considered lightning to be one of the greatest mysteries of nature. 2. A single flash of lightning 1.6 kilometres long has enough electricity to light one million light bulbs. 3. It protects buildings from being damaged by lightning. 4. It travels at a speed of 30 thousand kilometres per second. 5. In the United States alone it kills an average of one person every day. 1. In ancient times, people didn't know what the lighting is. _______________________________________________________ 2. A single flash of lighting is very powerful. _______________________________________________________ 3. The lighting rod is very useful. _______________________________________________________ 4. A flash of lighting travels very fast. _______________________________________________________ 5. Lighting is very dangerous. _______________________________________________________ B. Answer the following questions. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. a. The safest place is in a closed car. b. Outside, one should go to low ground and not get under trees. c. One should stay out of water and away from metal fences. d. Inside a house, people should avoid open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things. 2. Lighting is very dangerous. We should be careful when there is lighting. (Any reasonable answers are accepted.) 1. How to stay safe when there is an electrical storm? (List at least two ways.) _______________________________________________________ 2. How do you understand the last sentence "With lightning, it is better to be safe than sorry." _______________________________________________________ 主题阅读 Earth Hour Every day, we use electricity to do different things, such as surfing the Internet, watching TV and playing video games. All of those activities need energy and this will harm our beloved (钟爱的) planet, Earth. In 2007, Earth Hour was held in Sydney, Australia at 7:30 p.m. local time. People turned off unnecessary lights for one hour to save energy. Now, Earth Hour is celebrated every year in more than 7,000 cities and towns in more than 150 countries around the world. This global event has raised people's awareness (意识) about the importance of protecting our planet by saving energy. This year, Earth Hour will be celebrated on Saturday, March 28 at 8:30 p.m. local time. Everyone can take part in it, including you! How to celebrate Earth Hour? Here are some tips for you. 1. Mark it on your calendar. Yes, this year it's on March 28, at 8:30 p.m. local time. That means it's at 8:30 p.m. wherever you are on that day. 2. At 8:30 p.m., turn off the lights. You only need to tum off unnecessary lights. For example, if there are three lights in your living room, you can tum off two and leave one on. Or even better, you can turn off all three and use a small LED light, which uses less energy. 3. At 8:30 p.m., turn off electrical devices (设备). This includes any TVs, computers, laptops, and some others. Instead of watching TV or playing video games, you can play games that do not require electricity, such as hide-and-seek, treasure hunt, and board games. You can also go out, meet friends and discuss other ways to save energy and live in an environmentally friendly way. 4. Go beyond (超越) one hour. This means even when it is not Earth Hour, you should always turn off lights whenever you leave home, and always turn off appliances when you are not using them. This will not only save energy, but will also save you money in the long run. Now, let's get ready to celebrate Earth Hour! Save energy — love our Earth! A. Answer the following questions. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. Earth Hour is to turn off unnecessary lights for one hour to save energy. 2. Because people have realized the importance of protecting our planet by saving energy. 3. No, they won’t. 4. Four. 5. I (We) can play games that do not require electricity, such as hide-and-seek, treasure hunt, and board games. And, we can also go out to meet friends. 6. I will turn off unnecessary lights and electrical appliances and also ask my family members and friends to join me.(Any reasonable answers are accepted.) 1. What is Earth Hour? _______________________________________________________ 2. Why do people start to celebrate Earth Hour? _______________________________________________________ 3. People will celebrate Earth Hour at 7:30 p.m. on March 28 this year, won't they? _______________________________________________________ 4. How many tips about the way to celebrate Earth Hour are mentioned (提到) in this passage? _______________________________________________________ 5. What can you do when you turn off electrical devices? _______________________________________________________ 6. How will you celebrate Earth Hour? _______________________________________________________ topic 综合阅读练习课后巩固 I. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Winter is dangerous because it’s so difficult to know what is going to happen and accidents take place so easily. Fog can be waiting to meet you over the top of a hill. Ice might be hiding under the melting (融化) snow, waiting ahead (前面) to send you off the road. The car coming to you may suddenly slip(滑动) across the road. Rule Number One for driving on icy roads is to drive smoothly (平稳地). Sudden movements can make a car very difficult to control. So every time you either start or stop your car, increase or reduce your speed, you must be as gentle and slow as possible. Suppose you are driving with a full cup of hot coffee on the seat next to you. Drive so that you wouldn’t spill (溅) it. Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen. The more ice there is, the further down the road you have to look. Test how long it takes to gently stop your car. Remember that you may be driving more quickly than you think. Generally, allow twice of your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance(距离) on snow, and even more on ice. Try to stay in control of your car at all time and you will not get into trouble. 1. The writer tries to ______ in this passage. Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C A. show his dislikes about bad winter weather B. give information about winter weather C. ask people not to drive in winter D. advise people about safe driving in winter 2. People can ______ after reading this passage. A. find out about the weather B. get some information on driving lessons C. learn about better driving D. decide which is the best season for traveling 3. According to the passage, the writer thinks that ______. A. people should not drive in the snow B. drivers should be more careful in winter driving C. drivers should drive too fast in winter D. winter drivers should stop their cars less 4. In the passage he writer talks about a cup of coffee ______. A. to show how important smooth movements are B. to ask the drivers to bring some soft drinks with them C. to tell the drivers to be more relaxed D. to show how it can be spilled 5. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Traffic accidents take place easily in winter. B. Fog and melting snow often cause car accidents. C. The stopping distance on ice is as long as the usual one. D. In winter you should drive your car with great care. II. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Last Tuesday I took my two daughters, aged five and seven, to town by car. It began to rain hard ___1___ I decided I would leave the children in the car before I went quickly into a shop. I ___2___ the girls not to touch anything and told them I would be back within a few minutes. Then I locked all the doors and left them happily looking out of the window. I returned to the car in less than five minutes but the girls had disappeared! I could hardly believe my eyes. The car doors were ___3___ locked, the windows were shut and on the back seat were only two coats. Being ___4___, I ran to the corner of the street where there was no sign of them. I rushed up to an old lady nearby and asked ___5___ she had seen two small girls but she said “No”. Feeling quick sick with fear, I sat on the driver’s seat, and tried to stop trembling. Suddenly, I heard a merry laugh behind me. I got out of the car, ran round to open the boot and there inside were two very red-faced and excited children. They had obviously pulled out the back seat, climbed ___6___ it and then been unable to push the seat forward again. With tears in my eyes, I leaned forward and pulled their ears. ( ) 1. A. because B. so C. although D. until Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A ( ) 2. A. let B. warned C. allowed D. repeated ( ) 3. A. hardly B. again C. already D. still ( ) 4. A. excited B. proud C. frightened D. pleased ( ) 5. A. that B. when C. whether D. how ( ) 6. A. behind B. inside C. outside D. across III. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每格一词，首字母已给) Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. heavy 2. safely 3. though 4. why 5. spent 6. difficult 7. happening Overhead bridges can be seen in many parts of Singapore, in the places where traffic is very h____1____ and crossing the road is not safe. These bridges can help people cross roads s____2____. Overhead bridges are used very much in the same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient, t____3____ less convenient because people have to climb up a lot of steps. This is inconvenient to the old. When people use an overhead bridge, they do not hold up traffic. But when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is held up. This is w____4____ the government has built many overhead bridges to help people and keep traffic moving at the same time. The government of Singapore has s____5____ a lot of money building these bridges. For their own safety, people should be advised to use them instead of rushing cross the road. Old people may find it a little d____6____ to climb up and down the steps, but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the moving traffic. Overhead bridges are very useful. To stop accidents from h____7____, people, both old and young, should always use them. IV. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题） Among the four skills in learning English, which one of these seems to be different from the others? The answer is speaking. The other three you can do alone on your own. But you can’t really speak alone! Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practice speaking when you are alone? At school If you pay to go to a language school, you should use the chance to speak. If your teacher asks you to speak in pairs or groups with other students, try to say as much as possible. Don’t worry about your mistakes. Just speak! Conversation Clubs Many cities around the world have conversation clubs where people can exchange(交换) one language for another. Look in your local newspaper to find a conversation club near you. They are usually free although some may charge a small entrance fee. Shopping Even if you don’t want to buy anything, you can ask questions about products that interest you in a shop. “How much does this cost?” “How can I use it properly?” Often you can start a real conversation and it costs you nothing! Café and Bars There are often American, British, Irish and Australian bars in many large cities. If you can find one, you’ll probably meet many people speaking English as a first or second language. Songs and Video Repeat(重复) the words of an English-language song singing with the music until it becomes automatic(自动的). It’s good practice for your memory and for the mouth muscles that you need for English. Signs Language is all around you. Wherever you go, you find language. Shop names, street names, advertisements, notices, and car numbers… When you walk down the street, you can practice reading the words and numbers you see. Say them to yourself. It’s not exactly a conversation, but it will help you to “think” in English. But don’t speak too loud! Above all, speak as much as possible! Make as many mistakes as possible! When you know that you have made a mistake, you know that you have made progress! 1. English learners can’t speak alone, can they? Comment by Microsoft 帐户: 1. No, they can’t. 2. Six. 3. They should try to say as much as possible. 4. By looking in your local newspaper. 5. They should repeat until it becomes automatic. 6. Any reasonable answer is acceptable. _________________________________________________________ 2. How many ways does the writer suggest to learn to speak English when you are alone? _______________________________________________________________ 3. What should the English learners do if they are asked to speak in pairs? _______________________________________________________________ 4. According to the passage, how do English learners find a conversation club near them? _______________________________________________________________ 5. According to the writer, how long should English learners Repeat(重复) the words of an English-language song? _______________________________________________________________ 6. What do you think is the best way to learn English well? Why? _______________________________________________________________ 19 / 19第11课：U11课文词汇知识点+专项阅读(说明文) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$