精品解析：2024年江苏省南通市通州区等2地中考二模英语试题

2024年中考网上阅卷第二次适应性考试 英 语 注 意 事 项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项： 1. 本试卷共12页, 满分为120分, 考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题 卡一并交回。 2. 答题前, 请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在试卷及答题 卡上指定的位置。 3. 答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上, 在试卷、草稿纸上答题一律无效。 第I卷(选择题 共60分) 第I卷共45小题, 请将答案按要求填涂在答题卡上。 一、单项选择(本题共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) 从A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. —Sandy, I can’t wait to read the book The Classic of Mountains and Seas. —It’s really interesting. I can lend _________ to you. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself 2. China’s new TV show To the Wonder has made Altay (阿勒泰) in Xinjiang a new popular tourist attraction _________ young people. A. around B. except C. between D. among 3. _________ more true friends, remember that love and communication between people is a two-way street. A. Made B. Making C. Make D. To make 4. —My job interview starts at 8 tomorrow morning. —So you’d better get up early and take a shower to be _______ for the interview. A. patient B. fresh C. polite D. active 5. —Shall we stop and wait for others? —Sounds good. I think they will ________ in a few minutes. A. stay up B. take up C. put up D. catch up 6. —Dad, I have lost the singing competition. I can’t feel worse now. —Dear, cheer up! I know _______ how you feel. But I believe you can make it next time. A. exactly B. properly C. highly D. closely 7. —________ made you decide to open a guest house? —We have green mountains and clear waters here and every year many tourists come to visit. A. What B. How C. When D. Who 8. —How was the volleyball match yesterday, Peter? —Much _________. Neither of the teams was willing to say “Giving up” to the other. A. experience B. competition C. knowledge D. development 9. —We’ve got everything ready for the picnic. —Do you mean I _________ bring anything with me? A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 10. It says that in the Yuan dynasty the king’s servants ________ to wear masks whenever they served food. A. require B. required C. are required D. were required 11. Scientists say that there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050, ________ something is done to stop plastic pollution. A. after B. though C. unless D. because 12. _______ fine furniture you have! Everything in your flat is in good taste. A. How B. What a C. What an D. What 13. —The painting Zhubaoping’an means “I wish you a safe and healthy life”. —The bamboo seems to be alive and the leaves look like they __________. A. are dancing B. were dancing C. will dance D. dance 14. —The novel Gulliver’ Travels is so interesting to read. —Really? Could you tell me _________? A. where did you buy the book B. what the book is about C. who the characters are D. that I can borrow the book 15. —Sir, would you please spare me a few minutes? I have some questions about tomorrow’s camping trip. —__________. A. Never mind B. Sure, go ahead C. Not at all D. Help yourself 二、完形填空(本题共15小题：每小题1分, 涧分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个逃项中, 选出最佳违凝、并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Huan Gong, king of the State of Qi and the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period. He wanted to enlist (招募) ___16___ men from different places. In order to show his sincerity, he had a bright torch (火炬) lit in front of his ___17___ day and night. But the torch had been burning for one whole year, and ___18___ nobody came. One day, a villager from the eastern suburb of the capital wished to ___19___ Huan Gong, saying that he had the ability to recite the multiplication (乘法) table. When Huan Gong heard of this, he thought it was ___20___. And he sent an officer to tell the villager, “How could you hope to see the king just ___21___ you can recite the multiplication table?” The villager ___22___, “I hear that the torch before the palace has been burning for one year, and yet nobody came. This is because His Majesty (陛下) is a king of great talent. All the ___23___ men near and far couldn’t be sure that His Majesty would have a high opinion of them. So they didn’t dare to come to see ___24___. My ability of reciting the multiplication table is truly of ___25___ importance, but if His Majesty could ___26___ me politely, then he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come.” He then continued, “Mount Tai is huge because it ___27___ refuses any single small stone; the sea is ___28___ because it gathers together every small stream. The Book of Song says, ‘The wise kings of ancient times often went to ___29___ who cut firewood and grass to ask for their advice. Only in this way can you pool the wisdom of the people.’” Hearing this, Huan Gong ___30___ nodded, and gave this villager a great reception (接待). As expected, within one month, many able men from all places came one after another to see Huan Gong. 16. A. kind B. true C. brave D. able 17. A. home B. palace C. country D. square 18. A. already B. still C. yet D. just 19. A. warn B. meet C. join D. control 20. A. wise B. funny C. great D. useful 21. A. though B. until C. while D. because 22. A. jumped B. left C. replied D. suggested 23. A. talented B. popular C. famous D. confident 24. A. him B. you C. us D. them 25. A. some B. much C. such D. little 26. A. praise B. invite C. receive D. serve 27. A. always B. already C. nearly D. never 28. A. deep B. fresh C. blue D. clear 29. A. fishermen B. farmers C. gardeners D. teachers 30. A. repeatedly B. rapidly C. politely D. properly 三、阅读理解(本愿共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分) 请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 送出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂量。 A Pornpawee Sangchalin, a fan of traditional Chinese hanfu with more than 210,000 followers on social media, is among thousands of young people in Thailand who have learned Mandarin (普通话) and love Chinese culture. Unlike others, she has been teaching Mandarin in a different way, making learning more enjoyable. “I use both traditional and modern learning ways such as computer word games in my teaching,” she said. On TikTok and Instagram, Pornpawee posts short videos on different topics about Mandarin learning, Chinese culture and fashion trends. Her videos, which show her dressed up in traditional Chinese hanfu, make them stand out compared with many others online. “Mandarin is like a key, helping me to open the door to understand China. The more I learn about China, the deeper my love grows for the country, including its food, history, culture and people,” she said. Having studied Chinese language and culture at the Huachiew Chalermprakiet University in Thailand, 35-year-old Pornpawee has been teaching Mandarin for more than 10 years. However, she developed a liking for the language at the age of 13. When she was in senior high school, Pornpawee made an important decision: she decided to pursue Mandarin instead of science. In recent years, she said more young people in Thailand are trying to learn more about China through social media, movies and TV dramas. “My followers on social media have kept increasing and some local schools have invited me to hold special Mandarin classes for students. In the class, I was inspired (启发) by students whose questions drove me to learn more about China,” she said. 31. How does Pornpawee Sangchalin make her teaching different? A. By posting short videos on social media. B. By wearing traditional Chinese hanfu. C. By using traditional and modern learning ways. D. By having much more followers on social media. 32. Why does Pornpawee Sangchalin believe learning Mandarin is important? A. It makes her popular on social media. B. It makes her understand China more deeply. C. It makes her love traditional Chinese hanfu. D. It makes her interested in Chinese food. 33. Where can we probably read the passage? A. In a newspaper. B. In a fashion magazine. C. In a travel guide. D. In a science report. B Scientists have come up with a new way of identifying (识别) animals in an area—by testing DNA in the air. The researchers believe their new method could help scientists keep track of (跟踪) animals that are hard to spot, including endangered animals. Two teams of scientists—one in Denmark and one in the United Kingdom-came up with the same question at about the same time: Could they identify the animals in an area from DNA that was simply floating in the air? Every living thing has DNA that can be used to identify it. They leave bits of DNA behind them wherever they go. DNA left behind like this is called “environmental” DNA, or cDNA. Scientists can use it to tell what kinds of animals are in a certain place. ①________. But most of the time, scientists look for cDNA in water. Neither team knew that the other group was working on a similar experiment. One collected samples from different locations at Denmark’s Copenhagen Zoo, and the other at Hamerton Zoo Park in the UK. The scientists used slightly (稍微) different methods to collect their samples. But basically, both teams used vacuums (真空吸尘器) and fans to collect tiny bits of DNA. In the laboratory, by comparing their samples with examples of DNA from different animals, the scientists were able to identify many different animals at the zoos. The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had rare animals not naturally found in the area. Each team only discovered about the other experiment after they had written a paper about their own results. The two decided to combine (合并) their results and publish a paper together. Both teams are excited about the ways this new method could be used in the wild. The researchers believe the method could help scientists a lot. Scientists have been looking for better ways to tack endangered animals without interfering (干扰) with them. If researchers know where the animals live, they can do a better job of protecting them. The next step is to figure out how to take this method into nature. 34. What is the primary purpose of using cDNA according to the article? A. To prevent DNA of animals from floating in the air. B. To attract rare animals to zoos for better protection. C. To identify animals by testing DNA found in the air. D. To save endangered animals away from all the diseases. 35. Which of the following is TRUE about the two teams of scientists? A. They knew each other very well before. B. They found more rare animals for zoos. C. They worked together to publish a paper. D They used quite different methods to collect DNA. 36. Which sentence is suitable for _____①______ ? A. It happened at different countries B. Testing for cDNA isn’t a new idea C. Bits of DNA is too small to see in the air D. The scientists didn’t have high hope for the experiment 37. What is the article mainly about? A. Proper ways of studying rare animals. B. Differences between DNA and cDNA. C. Challenges of protecting endangered animals. D. The cDNA Testing for Animal Identification. C Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend received something you really wanted for your birthday, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are normal and can sometimes be helpful, focusing on your own progress is important for your happiness. Why does focusing on me matter? “We prefer to compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves,” says psychologist (心理学家) Nicola Abbott. “But comparing your achievements to your past self (where you started) and your future self (where you’d like to get to) can be more positive (积极的) .” This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Child psychologist Laverne Antrobus agrees and says that focusing on your own goals is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top. Do comparisons make you unhappy? Comparing yourself to those around you is natural and we often do it without realizing. It can help us to find our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests. However, it’s important to be realistic (务实的) and remember that nobody is perfect, especially online and on social media. Taking notes of how the comparison is making you feel matters, too. If you begin to feel quite low, Abbott suggests choosing a different role model or focusing on your own strengths and what you’re good at. Antrobus agrees. She says that asking yourself questions like “What am I good at?” “What do I feel proud of?” and “What improvements can I notice?” can help to improve your self-esteem (how positive you feel about yourself). “Jealousy (忌妒) is an ordinary feeling,” says Antrobus, “but focusing on improving your own performance can help you feel just as successful. Besides, learning to celebrate your friend’s achievements can help not only to improve your friend’s feeling but can also help you feel good.” “It will encourage you to build each other up.” 38. The underlined phrase “focusing on” means “_________”. A. paying attention to B. making use of C. playing a role in D. taking part in 39. According to Nicola Abbott, it is better to compare _________. A. yourselves to others who are doing worse B. your own past and future achievements C. yourselves to others who often laugh at you D. your failures with your past self and future self 40. What result can unrealistic comparisons have, as mentioned in the article? A. They always lead to greater success. B. They create long-time happiness and joy. C. They may result in feelings of unhappiness. D. They have little influence on your goals. 41. The purpose of the last paragraph is to suggest ________. A. not arguing with those successful people B. not minding the feeling of being jealous C. trying to do better than those around you D. learning to congratulate friends on the progress D Since I grew up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks! Mum has sweet memories of the food from her hometown in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Because of this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. He once told me he was surprised by what he saw on the table when he first visited my mother’s parents in China. He was even shocked (震惊的) at their wedding when he saw how the Chinese ate almost every part of an animal. Even today, he still does not easily take (忍受) to eating things like chicken feet. But I enjoy that sort of food myself. Last week, I went to the butcher’s and asked, “Do you have pigs’ ears?” “No,” the butcher (屠夫) said, pulling at his own cars, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking. Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter. Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast. We all love roast beef and vegetables, but Mum says we’d better not cat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine. I’ll never forget my visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a terrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn’t try it if you don’t want to,” Mum said, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t that bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I’ll fall in love with stinky tofu someday. People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with different food from both China and Britain. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! 42. What do you know about the writer’s taste for food? A. He prefers British food to Chinese food. B. He will never get used to Chinese oolong tea. C. He enjoys British food as well as Chinese food. D. He can deal with all Chinese food including stinky tofu. 43. What can we infer (推断) from the paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Almost no people in England eat pigs’ ears. B. The writer just wanted to play a trick on the butcher. C. The butcher was more interested in pigs’ ears than others. D. Pigs’ ears are popular in Britain, especially at their weddings. 44. What do you know about the writer’s father? A. He isn’t really interested in cooking. B. He likes easily prepared Chinese food. C. He always enjoys making meals with families. D. He likes all kinds of Chinese food especially hot pot. 45. What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 6? A. A good diet can build up one’s health. B Some food can be harmful to health. C. People ought to try different foods. D. People have different tastes for food. 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共60分) 第Ⅱ卷共36小题, 请将答案按要求写在答题卡上。 四 、词汇(本题共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) A. 请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意, 写出句中所缺单词, 使句子通顺。 46. With the help of the firemen, we learnt some fire ________ (安全) skills. 47. My friend Simon often offers me some ________ (建议) , which are really very useful. 48. DIY means that you make, ________ (fix, mend) or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. 49. This kind of plant grows _________ (close to, touching or hitting sb/sth) the side wall, so the wall looks like a giant beautiful painting. 50. —The new product sells for 15.8 yuan in the supermarket. —What? It is almost d________ the price. The old one is only 8 yuan. B. 选词填空 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词, 并用其适当形式填空, 使句子通顺, simple natural correct four succeed 51. Though you might make __________ decisions, don’t be sad. Learning from mistakes is a valuable part of growth. 52. Look, the lake takes up almost three _________ of the Summer Palace. 53. Details decide _________ or not. If we take everything seriously, we will achieve our goals. 54. The teacher explained the math problem in a much _________ way. 55. Can you imagine an AI actress can act as __________ as real ones in TV series? C. 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。 get come drive use translate 56. In ancient China, people ________ Twelve Dizhi to date the years, i.e. zi, chou, yin, mao, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. 57. Our English teacher _________ back from the USA already and is chatting with Mr. Smith there. 58. —Simon, I saw you in the reading room just now. —Amy and I _________ an article into English, so I didn’t see you. 59. —What’s that noise? —Oh, I forgot to tell you. The neighbours __________ ready for a party now. 60. —Who __________ us to Nanda Street this coming Sunday? —I'm not sure. Maybe Mrs. White will. 五 、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通展。 Falling on March 20 every year, the International Day of Happiness reminds people how important it is to stay happy. But, what is happiness and what can we do to be happy? Experts (专家) in different f____61____ hold different answers to the questions. In the field of psychology, positive psychology researcher Sonja Lyubominky describes happiness as the experience of joy and contentment (满足) t____62____ with a sense that one’s life is meaningful. People’s happiness is influenced by both how they think and feel inside, and by things happening around them, according to the w___63___ of the book Culture and Psychology. In some ways, some key factors are a person’s personality, their social relationships, and their ability to s____64____ their basic needs. More than that, experts in medical fields found that genes (基因) might i___65___ happiness. A study from Vrije University Amsterdam, the Netherlands, s___66___ that genetic factors account for 22 percent of the changes in happiness among men and 41 percent among women. In economics (经济学), Tejvan Pettinger, an independent economies researcher, said that income (收入), how you f____67____ about your job, the happiness of family members, and so on all influence happiness. Among them, income is an i___68___ factor. He believes that at low levels of income, increasing income b____69____ more happiness. While after certain income levels, rising income only helps a little to increase happiness. The truth is that happiness is different for everyone, so everyone sees it d____70____ and likes to achieve it in different ways. It’s a life lesson worth our lifetime to explore. 六、阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Do you have a goal you want to achieve before your next birthday? Or by the end of the next five years, perhaps? We often hear about the importance of setting goals. We may think of these goals as the key to our happiness—achieve them and everything will be perfect. But have you ever reached a goal and instead of feeling happy, you've thought, “Is that it?” Or, “Now what?” That feeling has a name. It’s called “arrival fallacy”—the illusion (错误的观念) that reaching our goals will bring us lasting happiness. Whether it’s a new job, owning your dream home or anything else—there might be some initial (最初的) joy, but if you’re experiencing arrival fallacy, that may be followed by emptiness (空虚) and under stress to achieve something new. So why does this happen? Surely achieving our goals is enough to make us happy? Not always. According to experts, we might be overestimating (高估) the happiness that such achievements will bring And social scientist Adam Dorr says we often make the mistake of imagining our goal as a fixed object, when really it’s just part of life. But Ben Shahar adds that arrival fallacy doesn’t mean we shouldn’t set goals—in fact, we need them to help give our lives focus. As well as large things, our goals should include many small things, like helping out more around the house or spending more time with family—small but important goals that don’t just “end”. If we really want to beat arrival fallacy, we also have to work out what makes us happy. And in surveys, spending quality time with people we care about is often number one for happiness. Even if we do have clear career goals, experts remind us to think about enjoying the journey too—and not just the destination (目的地). 71. What is “arrival fallacy”? ________________________________________________________ 72. How might someone feel after reaching a goal if they experience “arrival fallacy”? _______________________________________________________ 73. Why do we have the feeling “arrival fallacy”? _______________________________________________________ 74 What does social scientist Adam Dorr suggest about the nature of goals? _______________________________________________________ 75. What will you do to beat “arrival fallacy”? (请自拟一句话作答) _______________________________________________________ 七、书面表达(本题满分25分) 76. “千里之行，始于足下”，做好每一件事，成为更好的自己。假如你是李华，准备参加学校举办的英语活动，主题为“One Thing I Keep Doing”，根据以下图示，用英语写一篇演讲稿。 要求： 1. 可数90左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 2 可以适当发挥，使条理清晰，内容完整，意思连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实姓名与校名。 One Thing I Keep Doing I am very happy to be here to make a speech today. The topic is “One Thing I Keep Doing”.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年中考网上阅卷第二次适应性考试 英 语 注 意 事 项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项： 1. 本试卷共12页, 满分为120分, 考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题 卡一并交回。 2. 答题前, 请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在试卷及答题 卡上指定的位置。 3. 答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上, 在试卷、草稿纸上答题一律无效。 第I卷(选择题 共60分) 第I卷共45小题, 请将答案按要求填涂在答题卡上。 一、单项选择(本题共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) 从A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. —Sandy, I can’t wait to read the book The Classic of Mountains and Seas. —It’s really interesting. I can lend _________ to you. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——桑迪，我等不及要读《山海经》这本书了。——真的很有趣。我可以把我的借给你。 考查代词辨析。me我；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己。空处是指“我的书”，空后无名词，应用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。 2. China’s new TV show To the Wonder has made Altay (阿勒泰) in Xinjiang a new popular tourist attraction _________ young people. A. around B. except C. between D. among 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：中国新的电视剧《我的阿勒泰》让新疆的阿勒泰成为年轻人中一个新晋爆火的旅游胜地。 考查介词辨析。around在……周围；except除了；between在……中间（一般指两者之间）；among在……当中（一般指三者或三者以上）。根据“young people”可知，此处是指在年轻人中受欢迎，应用among，故选D。 3. _________ more true friends, remember that love and communication between people is a two-way street. A. Made B. Making C. Make D. To make 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：要想交到更多真正的朋友，请记住人与人之间的爱和交流是相互的。 考查非谓语动词。分析题干可知，为了交到更多真正的朋友，需要记住人与人之间的爱和交流是双向的，应用动词不定式表目的，故选D。 4. —My job interview starts at 8 tomorrow morning. —So you’d better get up early and take a shower to be _______ for the interview. A. patient B. fresh C. polite D. active 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我的面试明天早上8点开始。——所以你最好早点起床，冲个澡，好让面试时状态更加精神。 考查形容词辨析。patient有耐心；fresh精力充沛的；polite礼貌的；active积极的。根据“take a shower”可知，早上面试前洗个澡可以让自己精力充沛，故选B。 5. —Shall we stop and wait for others? —Sounds good. I think they will ________ in a few minutes. A. stay up B. take up C. put up D. catch up 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们停下来等其他人好吗？——听上去不错。我想他们几分钟后就会赶上来。 考查动词短语。stay up熬夜；take up占据；put up张贴；catch up赶上。根据“Shall we stop and wait for others?”可知，停下来等别人，别人一会就会赶上来，故选D。 6. —Dad, I have lost the singing competition. I can’t feel worse now. —Dear, cheer up! I know _______ how you feel. But I believe you can make it next time. A. exactly B. properly C. highly D. closely 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我唱歌比赛输了。我现在感觉糟透了。——亲爱的，振作起来！我完全了解你的感受。但我相信你下次能行。 考查副词辨析。exactly确切地；properly恰当地；highly高度地；closely紧密地。根据“Dear, cheer up! I know...how you feel”可知，爸爸能够完全了解孩子现在的糟糕感受，用exactly表示感同身受，故选A。 7. —________ made you decide to open a guest house? —We have green mountains and clear waters here, and every year many tourists come to visit. A. What B. How C. When D. Who 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——是什么让你决定开一家招待所的？——我们这里山绿水清，每年都有许多游客来参观。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么；How如何；When什么时候；Who谁。根据“We have green mountains and clear waters here, and every year many tourists come to visit.”可知，因为这里山清水秀的自然条件，让受访者决定开一家招待所，应用what，故选A。 8. —How was the volleyball match yesterday, Peter? —Much _________. Neither of the teams was willing to say “Giving up” to the other. A. experience B. competition C. knowledge D. development 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——昨天的排球比赛怎么样，彼得？ ——竞争非常激烈。两队都不愿意向对方示弱。 考查名词辨析。experience经验；competition竞争；knowledge知识；development发展。根据“Neither of the teams was willing to say ‘Giving up’ to the other.”可知，此处是指比赛竞争非常激烈，两支队伍不愿意放弃比赛。故选B。 9. —We’ve got everything ready for the picnic. —Do you mean I _________ bring anything with me? A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们已经为野餐准备好了一切。 ——你的意思是我不需要带任何东西？ 考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据“We’ve got everything ready for the picnic.”可知，此处表示野餐的一切都准备好了，对方不必带任何东西。故选D。 10. It says that in the Yuan dynasty the king’s servants ________ to wear masks whenever they served food. A. require B. required C. are required D. were required 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：据说在元朝，皇帝的仆人被要求在上菜时戴上面具。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。require要求，动词原形；required要求，过去式或过去分词；are required一般现在时的被动语态；were required一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语servants与动词require为被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A和B；又根据“whenever they served food”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，因此这里是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语servants为第三人称复数，be动词用were，require的过去分词为required，排除C。故选D。 11. Scientists say that there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050, ________ something is done to stop plastic pollution. A. after B. though C. unless D. because 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：科学家表示，除非采取措施阻止塑料污染，否则到2050年海洋中的塑料将比鱼还多。 考查连词辨析。after在……之后；though尽管；unless除非；because因为。根据“something is done to stop plastic pollution.”可知，此处表示“除非采取行动阻止塑料污染，否则海洋中的塑料将超过鱼”，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 12. _______ fine furniture you have! Everything in your flat is in good taste. A. How B. What a C. What an D. What 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：你的家具多好啊！你公寓里的每样东西都很有品位。 考查感叹句。分析题干可知，本句强调的中心词是不可数名词furniture“家具”，符合结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选D。 13. —The painting Zhubaoping’an means “I wish you a safe and healthy life”. —The bamboo seems to be alive and the leaves look like they __________. A. are dancing B. were dancing C. will dance D. dance 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——画作《竹报平安》的意思是“祝你一生平安、健康”。——竹子栩栩如生，叶子仿佛在舞动。 考查动词时态。根据“seems to be alive and the leaves look like they”可知，此处是描述画作中竹叶的动态，应用现在进行时，故选A。 14. —The novel Gulliver’ Travels is so interesting to read. —Really? Could you tell me _________? A. where did you buy the book B. what the book is about C. who the characters are D. that I can borrow the book 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——小说《格列佛游记》读起来很有趣。——真的吗？你能告诉我这本书是关于什么的吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除选项A；根据“Could you tell me...”可知，此处应接疑问句，选项D是陈述句，应排除；根据“The novel Gulliver’s Travels is so interesting to read.”可知，对方说这个小说读起来很有趣，此处应提问和小说内容有关的问题。故选B。 15. —Sir, would you please spare me a few minutes? I have some questions about tomorrow’s camping trip. —__________. A. Never mind B. Sure, go ahead C. Not at all D. Help yourself 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——先生，能给我几分钟时间吗？我对明天的露营旅行有一些问题。——当然，说吧。 考查情景交际。Never mind没关系；Sure, go ahead当然，说吧；Not at all一点也不；Help yourself请自便。根据“Sir, would you please spare me a few minutes? I have some questions about tomorrow’s camping trip.”并结合选项可知，说话人想请教问题，对方答应了请求，应用“Sure, go ahead”。故选B。 二、完形填空(本题共15小题：每小题1分, 涧分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个逃项中, 选出最佳违凝、并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Huan Gong, king of the State of Qi and the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period. He wanted to enlist (招募) ___16___ men from different places. In order to show his sincerity, he had a bright torch (火炬) lit in front of his ___17___ day and night. But the torch had been burning for one whole year, and ___18___ nobody came. One day, a villager from the eastern suburb of the capital wished to ___19___ Huan Gong, saying that he had the ability to recite the multiplication (乘法) table. When Huan Gong heard of this, he thought it was ___20___. And he sent an officer to tell the villager, “How could you hope to see the king just ___21___ you can recite the multiplication table?” The villager ___22___, “I hear that the torch before the palace has been burning for one year, and yet nobody came. This is because His Majesty (陛下) is a king of great talent. All the ___23___ men near and far couldn’t be sure that His Majesty would have a high opinion of them. So they didn’t dare to come to see ___24___. My ability of reciting the multiplication table is truly of ___25___ importance, but if His Majesty could ___26___ me politely, then he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come.” He then continued, “Mount Tai is huge because it ___27___ refuses any single small stone; the sea is ___28___ because it gathers together every small stream. The Book of Song says, ‘The wise kings of ancient times often went to ___29___ who cut firewood and grass to ask for their advice. Only in this way can you pool the wisdom of the people.’” Hearing this, Huan Gong ___30___ nodded, and gave this villager a great reception (接待). As expected, within one month, many able men from all places came one after another to see Huan Gong. 16. A. kind B. true C. brave D. able 17. A. home B. palace C. country D. square 18. A. already B. still C. yet D. just 19. A. warn B. meet C. join D. control 20. A. wise B. funny C. great D. useful 21. A. though B. until C. while D. because 22. A. jumped B. left C. replied D. suggested 23. A. talented B. popular C. famous D. confident 24. A. him B. you C. us D. them 25. A. some B. much C. such D. little 26. A. praise B. invite C. receive D. serve 27. A. always B. already C. nearly D. never 28. A. deep B. fresh C. blue D. clear 29. A. fishermen B. farmers C. gardeners D. teachers 30. A. repeatedly B. rapidly C. politely D. properly 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了齐桓公招贤，点燃火炬一年无人应，一村民自荐诵乘法表进见，劝桓公礼贤下士，纳贤聚才。 【16题详解】 句意：他想从不同的地方招募能干的人。为了显示他的诚意，他在宫殿前日夜点燃了一把明亮的火炬。 kind善良的；true真的；brave勇敢的；able有能力的。根据文章结尾“As expected, within one month, many able men from all places came one after another to see Huan Gong.”可知，齐桓公想从各地招募贤士。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：他想从不同的地方招募能干的人。为了显示他的诚意，他在宫殿前日夜点燃了一把明亮的火炬。 home家；palace宫殿；country国家；square广场。 根据下文“I hear that the torch before the palace”可知，是在宫殿前，故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：但是火炬已经燃烧了整整一年，却没有人来。 already已经；still还；yet然而；just刚。根据“nobody came”可知，此处表转折，所以填yet。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：有一天，京城东郊的一位村民想见桓公，说他有背乘法表的能力。 warn警告；meet见；join加入；control控制。 根据“How could you hope to see the king”可知，此处指“见桓公”，故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：桓公一听，觉得好笑。 wise明智；funny滑稽的；great好的；useful有用的。根据“saying that he had the ability to recite the multiplication (乘法) table”可知，齐桓公是要招募贤士，而会背乘法表是微不足道的技能，由此可推知他觉得很可笑。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：他派了一个官员去告诉村民：“你怎么能因为会乘法表就希望见到国王呢？” though虽然；until直到……为止；while当……的时候；because因为。根据“How could you hope to see the king just...you can recite the multiplication table?”可知，前后是因果关系，前果后因，所以填because。故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：村民回答说：“我听说宫殿前的火炬已经燃烧了一年，但没有人来……” jumped跳跃；left离开；replied回答；suggested建议。根据上文“How could you hope to see the king just...”及“I hear that...”可知，此处回答问题，故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：远近的人才，都不敢肯定陛下会不会对他们有很高的评价。 talented有才能的；popular受欢迎的；famous出名的；confident自信的。根据“then he need not worry that those with real ability and learning would not come”可知，此处指“有才能的人”。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：所以他们不敢来见他。 him他；you你；us我们；them他们。根据“So they didn’t dare to come to see ...”可知，此处指“拜见齐桓公”，所以填him。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：我背诵乘法表的能力确实不重要，但如果陛下能客气接见我，那么他就不用担心那些有真本事、有学问的人不会来。 some一些；much许多；such如此；little少量。根据“My ability of reciting the multiplication table is truly of...importance”可知，会背诵乘法表确实是微不足道的，be of little importance意为“无关紧要，无足轻重”。故选D。 【26题详解】 句意：我背诵乘法表的能力确实不重要，但如果陛下能礼貌接待我，那么他就不用担心那些有真本事、有学问的人不会来。 praise赞扬；invite邀请；receive接待；serve服务。根据“but if His Majesty could...me politely”及“gave this villager a great reception”可知，此处指“礼貌地接待”，其他选项不符合句意，故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：泰山之所以巨大，是因为它从不拒绝任何一块小石头；大海之所以深，是因为它汇集了每一条小溪。 always总是；already已经；nearly几乎；never从不。根据“Mount Tai is huge because it...refuses any single small stone”可知，此处指“从不拒绝任何一块小石头”。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：泰山之所以巨大，是因为它从不拒绝任何一块小石头；大海之所以深，是因为它汇集了每一条小溪。 deep深；fresh新鲜；blue蓝色的；clear清楚的。根据“because it gathers together every small stream”可知，汇聚小溪会让海变深。故选A。 【29题详解】 句意：《诗经》说：“古代英明的君王，常到砍柴割草的农民那里去请教。” fishermen渔民；farmers农民；gardeners园丁；teachers教师。根据“who cut firewood and grass”可知，此处说的是农民。故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：闻言，桓公连连点头，对这位村民进行了盛大的接待。 repeatedly重复地；rapidly迅速地；politely有礼貌地；properly恰当地。根据“nodded”可知，齐桓公听了连连点头，他认可了村民说的话。故选A。 三、阅读理解(本愿共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分) 请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 送出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂量。 A Pornpawee Sangchalin, a fan of traditional Chinese hanfu with more than 210,000 followers on social media, is among thousands of young people in Thailand who have learned Mandarin (普通话) and love Chinese culture. Unlike others, she has been teaching Mandarin in a different way, making learning more enjoyable. “I use both traditional and modern learning ways such as computer word games in my teaching,” she said. On TikTok and Instagram, Pornpawee posts short videos on different topics about Mandarin learning, Chinese culture and fashion trends. Her videos, which show her dressed up in traditional Chinese hanfu, make them stand out compared with many others online. “Mandarin is like a key, helping me to open the door to understand China. The more I learn about China, the deeper my love grows for the country, including its food, history, culture and people,” she said. Having studied Chinese language and culture at the Huachiew Chalermprakiet University in Thailand, 35-year-old Pornpawee has been teaching Mandarin for more than 10 years. However, she developed a liking for the language at the age of 13. When she was in senior high school, Pornpawee made an important decision: she decided to pursue Mandarin instead of science. In recent years, she said more young people in Thailand are trying to learn more about China through social media, movies and TV dramas. “My followers on social media have kept increasing and some local schools have invited me to hold special Mandarin classes for students. In the class, I was inspired (启发) by students whose questions drove me to learn more about China,” she said. 31. How does Pornpawee Sangchalin make her teaching different? A. By posting short videos on social media. B. By wearing traditional Chinese hanfu. C. By using traditional and modern learning ways. D. By having much more followers on social media. 32. Why does Pornpawee Sangchalin believe learning Mandarin is important? A. It makes her popular on social media. B. It makes her understand China more deeply. C. It makes her love traditional Chinese hanfu. D. It makes her interested in Chinese food. 33. Where can we probably read the passage? A. In a newspaper. B. In a fashion magazine. C. In a travel guide. D. In a science report. 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Pornpawee Sangchalin在社交媒体上发布短视频，通过不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike others, she has been teaching Mandarin in a different way, making learning more enjoyable. ‘I use both traditional and modern learning ways such as computer word games in my teaching,’ she said.”可知，Pornpawee Sangchalin是通过传统和现代的学习方法让她的教学与众不同的。故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Mandarin is like a key, helping me to open the door to understand China.”可知，普通话让Pornpawee Sangchalin更加深入地了解中国，所以她认为学习普通话很重要。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了Pornpawee Sangchalin在社交媒体上发布短视频，用不同的方式教授普通话并传播中国文化的故事；据此可以推断，本文最有可能出现在报纸上。故选A。 B Scientists have come up with a new way of identifying (识别) animals in an area—by testing DNA in the air. The researchers believe their new method could help scientists keep track of (跟踪) animals that are hard to spot, including endangered animals. Two teams of scientists—one in Denmark and one in the United Kingdom-came up with the same question at about the same time: Could they identify the animals in an area from DNA that was simply floating in the air? Every living thing has DNA that can be used to identify it. They leave bits of DNA behind them wherever they go. DNA left behind like this is called “environmental” DNA, or cDNA. Scientists can use it to tell what kinds of animals are in a certain place. ①________. But most of the time, scientists look for cDNA in water. Neither team knew that the other group was working on a similar experiment. One collected samples from different locations at Denmark’s Copenhagen Zoo, and the other at Hamerton Zoo Park in the UK. The scientists used slightly (稍微) different methods to collect their samples. But basically, both teams used vacuums (真空吸尘器) and fans to collect tiny bits of DNA. In the laboratory, by comparing their samples with examples of DNA from different animals, the scientists were able to identify many different animals at the zoos. The scientists chose to test in zoos because they had rare animals not naturally found in the area. Each team only discovered about the other experiment after they had written a paper about their own results. The two decided to combine (合并) their results and publish a paper together. Both teams are excited about the ways this new method could be used in the wild. The researchers believe the method could help scientists a lot. Scientists have been looking for better ways to tack endangered animals without interfering (干扰) with them. If researchers know where the animals live, they can do a better job of protecting them. The next step is to figure out how to take this method into nature. 34. What is the primary purpose of using cDNA according to the article? A. To prevent DNA of animals from floating in the air. B. To attract rare animals to zoos for better protection. C. To identify animals by testing DNA found in the air. D. To save endangered animals away from all the diseases. 35. Which of the following is TRUE about the two teams of scientists? A. They knew each other very well before. B. They found more rare animals for zoos. C. They worked together to publish a paper. D. They used quite different methods to collect DNA. 36. Which sentence is suitable for _____①______ ? A. It happened at different countries B. Testing for cDNA isn’t a new idea C. Bits of DNA is too small to see in the air D. The scientists didn’t have high hope for the experiment 37. What is the article mainly about? A. Proper ways of studying rare animals. B. Differences between DNA and cDNA. C. Challenges of protecting endangered animals. D. The cDNA Testing for Animal Identification. 【答案】34. C 35. C 36. B 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了丹麦和美国的科学家都找到了收集cDNA的方法来识别动物。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Could they identify the animals in an area from DNA that was simply floating in the air?”可知，科学家希望能够通过漂浮在空中的DNA来识别一个区域的动物，C选项“通过测试空气中发现的DNA来识别动物”符合文意，故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The two decided to combine their results and publish a paper together.”可知，他们决定把研究结果合并并且一起发表论文，C选项“他们一起合作发表了一篇论文”符合文意，故选C。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据“But most of the time, scientists look for cDNA in water.”可知，大部分时间科学家是在水里寻找cDNA，B选项“检测cDNA并不是个新的想法”符合逻辑，故选B。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Scientists have come up with a new way of identifying animals in an area—by testing DNA in the air.”可知，文章介绍的是科学家找到检测空气中的DNA这种新的识别动物的方法，D选项“用于动物识别的cDNA检测”符合文意，故选D。 C Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend received something you really wanted for your birthday, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are normal and can sometimes be helpful, focusing on your own progress is important for your happiness. Why does focusing on me matter? “We prefer to compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves,” says psychologist (心理学家) Nicola Abbott. “But comparing your achievements to your past self (where you started) and your future self (where you’d like to get to) can be more positive (积极的) .” This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Child psychologist Laverne Antrobus agrees and says that focusing on your own goals is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top. Do comparisons make you unhappy? Comparing yourself to those around you is natural and we often do it without realizing. It can help us to find our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests. However, it’s important to be realistic (务实的) and remember that nobody is perfect, especially online and on social media. Taking notes of how the comparison is making you feel matters, too. If you begin to feel quite low, Abbott suggests choosing a different role model or focusing on your own strengths and what you’re good at. Antrobus agrees. She says that asking yourself questions like “What am I good at?” “What do I feel proud of?” and “What improvements can I notice?” can help to improve your self-esteem (how positive you feel about yourself). “Jealousy (忌妒) is an ordinary feeling,” says Antrobus, “but focusing on improving your own performance can help you feel just as successful. Besides, learning to celebrate your friend’s achievements can help not only to improve your friend’s feeling but can also help you feel good.” “It will encourage you to build each other up.” 38. The underlined phrase “focusing on” means “_________”. A. paying attention to B. making use of C. playing a role in D. taking part in 39. According to Nicola Abbott, it is better to compare _________. A. yourselves to others who are doing worse B. your own past and future achievements C. yourselves to others who often laugh at you D. your failures with your past self and future self 40. What result can unrealistic comparisons have, as mentioned in the article? A. They always lead to greater success. B. They create long-time happiness and joy. C They may result in feelings of unhappiness. D. They have little influence on your goals. 41. The purpose of the last paragraph is to suggest ________. A. not arguing with those successful people B. not minding the feeling of being jealous C. trying to do better than those around you D. learning to congratulate friends on the progress 【答案】38. A 39. B 40. C 41. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要说明比较的意义，作者强调关注自己的进步对自身的幸福很重要。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Even though comparisons are normal and can sometimes be helpful, focusing on  your own progress is important for your happiness.”可知，尽管这种比较很正常，有时也有帮助，但关注你自己的进步对你的幸福很重要，因此focusing on指的是“关注”，与paying attention to同义，故选A。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But comparing your achievements to your past self (where you started) and your future self (where you’d like to get to) can be more positive.”可知，Nicola Abbott认为把你的成就与过去的自己和未来的自己进行比较是积极的，即最好对现在的自己，过去的自己，未来的自己进行比较，故选B。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Do comparisons make you unhappy? ”及“However, it’s important to be realistic (务实的) and remember that nobody is perfect, especially online and on social media.”可以推断，比较要务实，如果不切实际的去比较，会给人带来不愉快的感受，故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Besides, learning to celebrate your friend’s achievements can help not only to improve your friend’s feeling but can also help you feel good.”可推断，这段的写作目的是学会祝贺朋友的成就，故选D。 D Since I grew up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks! Mum has sweet memories of the food from her hometown in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Because of this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. He once told me he was surprised by what he saw on the table when he first visited my mother’s parents in China. He was even shocked (震惊的) at their wedding when he saw how the Chinese ate almost every part of an animal. Even today, he still does not easily take (忍受) to eating things like chicken feet. But I enjoy that sort of food myself. Last week I went to the butcher’s and asked, “Do you have pigs’ ears?” “No,” the butcher (屠夫) said, pulling at his own cars, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking. Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter. Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast. We all love roast beef and vegetables, but Mum says we’d better not cat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine. I’ll never forget my visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a terrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn’t try it if you don’t want to,” Mum said, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t that bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I’ll fall in love with stinky tofu someday. People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with different food from both China and Britain. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! 42. What do you know about the writer’s taste for food? A. He prefers British food to Chinese food. B. He will never get used to Chinese oolong tea. C. He enjoys British food as well as Chinese food. D. He can deal with all Chinese food including stinky tofu. 43. What can we infer (推断) from the paragraphs 2 and 3? A. Almost no people in England eat pigs’ ears. B. The writer just wanted to play a trick on the butcher. C. The butcher was more interested in pigs’ ears than others. D. Pigs’ ears are popular in Britain, especially at their weddings. 44. What do you know about the writer’s father? A. He isn’t really interested in cooking. B. He likes easily prepared Chinese food. C. He always enjoys making meals with families. D. He likes all kinds of Chinese food especially hot pot. 45. What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 6? A. A good diet can build up one’s health. B. Some food can be harmful to health. C. People ought to try different foods. D. People have different tastes for food. 【答案】42. C 43. A 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者作为一个中英混血儿，经历着两种不同的文化，在饮食上也是妙趣横生。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Since I grew up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks!”可知，作者从小就喜欢两个国家的食物。故选C。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Last week, I went to the butcher’s and asked, ‘Do you have pigs’ ears?’ ‘No,’ the butcher (屠夫) said, pulling at his own cars, ‘just these ordinary ones.’ He must have thought I was joking.”可知，作者去买猪耳朵，屠夫以为他在开玩笑，可推测出，在英国几乎没有人吃猪耳朵。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen!”可知，作者的父亲对做饭不感兴趣。故选A。 【45题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with different food from both China and Britain.”可知，作者认为每个人的口味都不一样，但是他可以接受中英两个国家不同的食物。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共60分) 第Ⅱ卷共36小题, 请将答案按要求写在答题卡上。 四 、词汇(本题共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分) A. 请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意, 写出句中所缺单词, 使句子通顺。 46. With the help of the firemen, we learnt some fire ________ (安全) skills. 【答案】safety 【解析】 【详解】句意：在消防员的帮助下，我们学习了一些消防安全技能。safety“安全”，是不可数名词，修饰名词“skills”，作定语。 故填safety。 47. My friend Simon often offers me some ________ (建议) , which are really very useful. 【答案】suggestions 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的朋友Simon经常给我一些建议，这些建议真的很有用。根据“offers me some；which are”可知，答题空内需要填名词作宾语，且该名词应该是可数名词复数；suggestion“建议”，可数名词，其复数为suggestions。故填suggestions。 48. DIY means that you make, ________ (fix, mend) or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. 【答案】repair 【解析】 【详解】句意：DIY意味着你自己制作、修理或装饰东西，而不是付钱让别人去做。fix和mend都是动词，表示“修理”，与之同义的词是repair，根据“you make...or decorate things”可知，“or”连接并列谓语，形式一致，因此空处用动词原形。故填repair。 49. This kind of plant grows _________ (close to, touching or hitting sb/sth) the side wall, so the wall looks like a giant beautiful painting. 【答案】against 【解析】 【详解】句意：这种植物靠墙生长，所以墙看起来像一幅巨大的美丽的画。close to, touching or hitting sb/sth表示“接近、触摸或打某人/某物”，也就是介词against，表示“紧靠；倚；碰；撞”。故填against。 50. —The new product sells for 15.8 yuan in the supermarket. —What? It is almost d________ the price. The old one is only 8 yuan. 【答案】(d)ouble 【解析】 【详解】句意：——新产品在超市售价15.8元。——什么？几乎是价钱的两倍。旧的只要8元。根据“The new product sells for 15.8 yuan in the supermarket.”和“The old one is only 8 yuan.”可知，新产品价格几乎是旧产品价格的两倍，double“两倍”符合句意，故填(d)ouble。 B. 选词填空 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词, 并用其适当形式填空, 使句子通顺, simple natural correct four succeed 51. Though you might make __________ decisions, don’t be sad. Learning from mistakes is a valuable part of growth. 52. Look, the lake takes up almost three _________ of the Summer Palace. 53. Details decide _________ or not. If we take everything seriously, we will achieve our goals. 54. The teacher explained the math problem in a much _________ way. 55. Can you imagine an AI actress can act as __________ as real ones in TV series? 【答案】51. incorrect 52. fourths 53. success 54. simpler 55. naturally 【解析】 【51题详解】 句意：虽然你可能做出不正确的决定，但不要悲伤。从错误中学习是成长的重要组成部分。correct正确的，incorrect不正确的，make incorrect decisions做了不正确的决定。根据“Don’t be sad.”可知，做了不正确的决定。故填incorrect。 【52题详解】 句意：看，这个湖几乎占颐和园的四分之三。根据题干，考查分数表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母加s。结合句意可知，three fourths 四分之三，符合题意。故填fourths。 【53题详解】 句意：细节决定成败。如果我们认真对待每件事情，我们就会实现我们的目标。succeed动词“成功”，success名词“成功”，名词符合题意。故填success。 【54题详解】 句意：老师用一种更简单的方式解释了这道数学题。simple简单的，符合句意，much+比较级，表示更……, simple比较级是simpler。故填simpler。 【55题详解】 句意：你能想象一个人工智能演员在电视剧中表现得和真人一样自然吗？natural自然的，符合题意，act是动词，此处应该用副词naturally修饰动词，而as+形容词/副词原级+as。故填naturally。 C. 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。 get come drive use translate 56. In ancient China, people ________ Twelve Dizhi to date the years, i.e. zi, chou, yin, mao, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. 57. Our English teacher _________ back from the USA already and is chatting with Mr. Smith there. 58. —Simon, I saw you in the reading room just now. —Amy and I _________ an article into English, so I didn’t see you. 59. —What’s that noise? —Oh, I forgot to tell you. The neighbours __________ ready for a party now. 60. —Who __________ us to Nanda Street this coming Sunday? —I'm not sure. Maybe Mrs. White will. 【答案】56. used 57. has come 58. were translating 59. are getting 60. will drive 【解析】 【56题详解】 句意：在中国古代，人们用十二地支纪年，即子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥。根据“Twelve Dizhi to date the years”可知，古人用十二地支纪年。use“使用”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填used。 【57题详解】 句意：我们的英语老师已经从美国回来了，正在那里和史密斯先生聊天。根据“back from the USA”可知，此处是短语come back“返回”。根据“already”可知，本句是现在完成时，主语是三单，助动词用has。故填has come。 【58题详解】 句意：——西蒙，我刚才在阅览室看到你了。——艾米和我正在把一篇文章翻译成英语，所以我没看到你。根据“an article into English”可知，正在把文章翻译成英文。translate“翻译”，此处用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were translating。 【59题详解】 句意：——那是什么声音？——噢，我忘了告诉你。邻居们正在为聚会做准备。根据“The neighbours...ready for a party now.”结合选词可知，邻居们正在为聚会做准备。get ready“做好准备”，此处是现在进行时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are getting。 【60题详解】 句意：——这个星期天谁开车送我们去南大街？——我不确定。也许怀特太太会。空处应填谓语动词，结合选词可知，drive“开车”符合语境，结合“this coming Sunday?”可知，本句用一般将来时。故填will drive。 五 、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通展。 Falling on March 20 every year, the International Day of Happiness reminds people how important it is to stay happy. But, what is happiness and what can we do to be happy? Experts (专家) in different f____61____ hold different answers to the questions. In the field of psychology, positive psychology researcher Sonja Lyubominky describes happiness as the experience of joy and contentment (满足) t____62____ with a sense that one’s life is meaningful. People’s happiness is influenced by both how they think and feel inside, and by things happening around them, according to the w___63___ of the book Culture and Psychology. In some ways, some key factors are a person’s personality, their social relationships, and their ability to s____64____ their basic needs. More than that, experts in medical fields found that genes (基因) might i___65___ happiness. A study from Vrije University Amsterdam, the Netherlands, s___66___ that genetic factors account for 22 percent of the changes in happiness among men and 41 percent among women. In economics (经济学), Tejvan Pettinger, an independent economies researcher, said that income (收入), how you f____67____ about your job, the happiness of family members, and so on all influence happiness. Among them, income is an i___68___ factor. He believes that at low levels of income, increasing income b____69____ more happiness. While after certain income levels, rising income only helps a little to increase happiness. The truth is that happiness is different for everyone, so everyone sees it d____70____ and likes to achieve it in different ways. It’s a life lesson worth our lifetime to explore. 【答案】61. (f)ields 62. (t)ogether 63. (w)riter 64. (s)atisfy 65. (i)nfluence 66. (s)hows##(s)howed 67. (f)eel 68. (i)mportant 69. (b)rings 70. (d)ifferently 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍什么是幸福以及我们能做些什么来获得幸福。 【61题详解】 句意：不同领域的专家对这些问题有不同的答案。根据“Experts (专家) in different...hold different answers to the questions.”及结合首字母可知，此处指不同领域的专家，field“领域”，可数名词，空前有different，所以此处用复数形式。故填(f)ields。 【62题详解】 句意：在心理学领域，积极心理学研究人员Sonja Lyubominky将幸福描述为快乐和满足的体验，以及一种生活是有意义的感觉。together with表示“和……一起”，为固定短语。故填(t)ogether。 【63题详解】 句意：《文化心理学》一书的作者表示，人们的幸福感受到他们内心想法和感受的影响，也受到周围发生的事情的影响。根据“according to the...of the book Culture and Psychology”及结合首字母可知，此处指《文化心理学》这本书的作者，writer“作者”，符合题意。故填(w)riter。 【64题详解】 句意：在某些方面，一些关键因素是一个人的个性、他们的社会关系以及他们满足基本需求的能力。satisfy one’s needs表示“满足某人的需求”，为固定短语，空前有不定式to，空处用动词原形。故填(s)atisfy。 【65题详解】 句意：除此之外，医学领域的专家发现，基因可能会影响幸福感。根据“People’s happiness is influenced by...”可知，此处提到了基因也可能影响幸福，influence“影响”，符合题意，空前有情态动词might，空处用动词原形。故填(i)nfluence。 【66题详解】 句意：荷兰阿姆斯特丹自由大学的一项研究表明，遗传因素在男性和女性幸福感的变化中分别占22%和41%。根据“A study from Vrije University Amsterdam, the Netherlands...that”及结合首字母可知，此处是一项研究展示的结果，show“展示”，符合题意，此处可以用一般现在时，也可以用一般过去时。故填(s)hows/(s)howed。 【67题详解】 句意：在经济学方面，独立经济研究人员Tejvan Pettinger表示，收入、你对工作的感受、家庭成员的幸福感等都会影响幸福感。feel about“感觉”，为固定短语。根据“all influence happiness”可知，空处为一般现在时，主语为you，谓语动词用原形。故填(f)eel。 【68题详解】 句意：其中，收入是一个重要因素。根据“He believes that at low levels of income, increasing income...more happiness.”可知，收入是一项重要的因素，important“重要的”，形容词作定语，修饰factor。故填(i)mportant。 【69题详解】 句意：他认为，在低收入水平下，增加收入会带来更多的幸福感。根据“increasing income...more happiness”及结合首字母可知，增加收入能带来更多的幸福感，bring“带来”，符合题意。句子的时态为一般现在时，主语increasing income表示单数，空处用动词三单。故填(b)rings。 【70题详解】 句意：事实是，幸福对每个人来说都是不同的，所以每个人对它的看法都不同，喜欢用不同的方式来实现它。根据“The truth is that happiness is different for everyone”可知，每个人对幸福的看法不同，空处需填一个副词，修饰动词see，differently“不同地”，符合题意。故填(d)ifferently。 六、阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Do you have a goal you want to achieve before your next birthday? Or by the end of the next five years, perhaps? We often hear about the importance of setting goals. We may think of these goals as the key to our happiness—achieve them and everything will be perfect. But have you ever reached a goal and instead of feeling happy, you've thought, “Is that it?” Or, “Now what?” That feeling has a name. It’s called “arrival fallacy”—the illusion (错误的观念) that reaching our goals will bring us lasting happiness. Whether it’s a new job, owning your dream home or anything else—there might be some initial (最初的) joy, but if you’re experiencing arrival fallacy, that may be followed by emptiness (空虚) and under stress to achieve something new. So why does this happen? Surely achieving our goals is enough to make us happy? Not always. According to experts, we might be overestimating (高估) the happiness that such achievements will bring And social scientist Adam Dorr says we often make the mistake of imagining our goal as a fixed object, when really it’s just part of life. But Ben Shahar adds that arrival fallacy doesn’t mean we shouldn’t set goals—in fact, we need them to help give our lives focus. As well as large things, our goals should include many small things, like helping out more around the house or spending more time with family—small but important goals that don’t just “end”. If we really want to beat arrival fallacy, we also have to work out what makes us happy. And in surveys, spending quality time with people we care about is often number one for happiness. Even if we do have clear career goals, experts remind us to think about enjoying the journey too—and not just the destination (目的地). 71. What is “arrival fallacy”? ________________________________________________________ 72. How might someone feel after reaching a goal if they experience “arrival fallacy”? _______________________________________________________ 73. Why do we have the feeling “arrival fallacy”? _______________________________________________________ 74. What does social scientist Adam Dorr suggest about the nature of goals? _______________________________________________________ 75. What will you do to beat “arrival fallacy”? (请自拟一句话作答) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】71. (It is) the illusion that reaching our goals will bring us lasting happiness. 72. (He/She might feel) empty and stressed (to achieve something new). 73. We might be overestimating the happiness that such achievements will bring. 74. It’s just part of life. 75. We can set small but important goals that don’t just “end”./We should enjoy the journey too—and not just the destination. (Any reasonable answer can be accepted)） 【解析】 【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了“arrival fallacy”，这是一种错误的观念，认为达到目标就会给我们带来持久幸福的错觉。文章介绍了为什么有这种感觉以及如何解决。 【71题详解】 根据“the illusion (错误的观念) that reaching our goals will bring us lasting happiness.”可知，这是一个错误观念，以为达到目标就能给我们带来持久的幸福。故填(It is) the illusion that reaching our goals will bring us lasting happiness. 【72题详解】 根据“Whether it’s a new job, owning your dream home or anything else—there might be some initial (最初的) joy, but if you’re experiencing arrival fallacy, that may be followed by emptiness (空虚) and under stress to achieve something new.”可知，如果人们经历了这种错误的观念，他们在达到目标后会感觉空虚和压力，以实现新的东西。故填(He/She might feel) empty and stressed (to achieve something new). 【73题详解】 根据“According to experts, we might be overestimating (高估) the happiness that such achievements will bring”可知，是因为我们可能高估了这些成就将带来的快乐。故填We might be overestimating the happiness that such achievements will bring. 【74题详解】 根据“And social scientist Adam Dorr says we often make the mistake of imagining our goal as a fixed object, when really it’s just part of life.”可知，他指出目标的本质只是生活的一部分。故填It’s just part of life. 【75题详解】 开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为We can set small but important goals that don’t just “end”./We should enjoy the journey too—and not just the destination. (Any reasonable answer can be accepted)） 七、书面表达(本题满分25分) 76. “千里之行，始于足下”，做好每一件事，成为更好的自己。假如你是李华，准备参加学校举办的英语活动，主题为“One Thing I Keep Doing”，根据以下图示，用英语写一篇演讲稿。 要求： 1. 可数90左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 2 可以适当发挥，使条理清晰，内容完整，意思连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名与校名。 One Thing I Keep Doing I am very happy to be here to make a speech today. The topic is “One Thing I Keep Doing”.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening. 【答案】例文 One Thing I Keep Doing I am very happy to be here to make a speech today. The topic is “One Thing I Keep Doing”. I love running and I have kept running for six years. When I was nine years old, I was often ill. So I made up my mind to run to keep healthy. At first, I was not good at sports and running was always my weakness. But my father encouraged me all the time. Sometimes I was so tired that I really wanted to give up. But I kept telling myself that I could make it. No matter what kind of difficulty I faced, I tried my best to keep running. Now I do much better in running. I’m very healthy. I’m very proud of myself and I’m ready for any challenge in the future. That’s all. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿； ②时态：时态主要“一般过去时”； ③提示：文章应该包括三个问题要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第一人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。 ［写作步骤］ 第一步，介绍演讲的主题； 第二步，具体介绍在坚持做的某件事以及坚持做这件事的理由； 第三步，介绍自己如何坚持做这件事； 第四步，说明坚持做这件事情给自己带的影响并书写结语。 ［亮点词汇］ ① make up one’s mind 下定决心 ② be good at 擅长 ［高分句型］ ① When I was nine years old, I was often ill. (when引导的时间状语从句) ② Sometimes I was so tired that I really wanted to give up. (so…that引导的结果状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$