精品解析：2024届山东省菏泽市高考冲刺押题卷(六)英语试题

2024年全国高考·冲刺押题卷(六) 英语 注意事项： 1．本试卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上，在规定的位置贴好条形码。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer in South Africa with Plan My Gap Year (PMGY), which is an award-winning, international volunteer abroad organization with programs in Africa, Asia and South America. PMGY provides safe, trusted and affordable programs, with a wide range of projects, including Childcare, English Teaching, Wildlife opportunities. PMGY South Africa has projects located in the picturesque city of Cape Town and the Eastern Cape Town of Port Elizabeth. Our projects in South Africa run across the year and students can join us from 1 — 24 weeks. Volunteers in South Africa are provided with an extensive pre-departure support service, airport pick-up, training, meals, accommodation and local support. Program Highlights ★Most Affordable — PMGY’s programs are accessible to every student who wants to make a difference through low fees and high-impact projects. ★Best Support — Our international and local teams provide extensive around-the-clock services to assist you at every step of your PMGY adventure. ★Safety Prioritized — Since safety is PMGY’s number one priority, we have taken all necessary precautions to ensure our programs are as safe and structured as possible. ★Extraordinary Experiences — With PMGY, you have the opportunity to truly immerse yourself in amazing cultural and travel experiences, ensuring you leave with unforgettable memories. ★Friendships for Life — Your PMGY experience not only opens up a doorway for new experiences and exciting memories, but also for life-long friendships when meeting new people from around the world. 1. Whom is the text written for probably? A. Educators. B. College students. C. Wildlife protectors. D. Retired people. 2. What is the condition for participants to participate in the program? A. Paying a small sum of money for their project. B. Getting to the airport at their own expense. C. Affording their own accommodation during the program. D. Being patient and skilled in communicating with others. 3. What’s the purpose of the part “Program Highlights”? A. To describe possible dangers in Africa. B. To encourage donations to Africans. C. To show the benefits of the program. D. To introduce PMGY’s history. B Where does the inspiration come from? Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden. He recently bought a microscope for his son. For fun, they placed a beetle under the lens. “It blew me away,” Biss recalls. “It was beautiful.” He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph. Until then, Biss had made a career as a commercial photographer. Insects gave his work a new goal. Around the world, insect populations are in decline because of pesticides (杀虫剂), habitat loss, and climate change. Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope, they would care more about protecting insects. “I’ve got a photographic technique and a skill,” he says. “If I can do this, I should use it for a better purpose.” Biss turned to a type of photography that involves taking close-up pictures of small things, like flowers or bugs. His pictures show the insects in all their wonderful, microscopic detail. What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions. Some are eight feet tall. In 2016 Biss exhibited his first insect project, Microsculpture. That’s a scientific term. For his latest exhibition, Extinct and Endangered, Biss photographed bugs from the collection at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. With the help of the museum’s scientists, he selected bugs that were either extinct or endangered. “It’s a humbling experience, when you’re holding an insect that’s extinct,” Biss says. “The human species is responsible for the current insect crisis. It’s sad to know this insect will never be on this planet again.” Biss hopes his photographs will get people thinking the same way. “The way I work is through pictures. I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words,” he says. “Hopefully, these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.” 4. What inspired Biss to take pictures of insects? A. His job as a photographer. B. The insect’s beauty he found. C. The microscope he had bought. D. His dream to hold an exhibition. 5. What does the underlined phrase “a better purpose” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Taking close-up pictures. B. Practicing his relevant skills. C. Encouraging people to protect insects. D. Passing on knowledge about endangered insects. 6. What can we infer about Biss’ latest exhibition? A. It’s held in the American Museum of Natural History. B. Its theme was microsculpture. C. It was organized by Biss alone. D. Its pictures were much larger than normal insects. 7. What is the best title for the text? A A New Way to Take Pictures B. Appreciate Insects in Detail C. Achievements Biss Has Made D. Learn More about Insects’ Present Situation C The five passengers on board the Titan submersible (潜水器) traveling to the Titanic wreckage (残骸) are believed to be dead, the vessel’s operator and the US Coast Guard said. They reached the conclusion after a days-long search for the wreckage from the submersible on the ocean floor, indicating a failure of the vessel’s body that would be impossible to survive. “The wreckage, found not far from the remains of the Titanic, was consistent with the catastrophic loss of the pressure chamber and there was a catastrophic implosion (内爆),”said US Coast Guard Rear Admiral John Mauger. OceanGate Expeditions, which operated the submersible, gave a statement of its own confirming the deaths. Five men were on board: the British billionaire Hamish Harding, Shahzada Dawood and his 19-year-old son Suleman, former French navy diver Paul-Henri Nargeolet, and OceanGate CEO Stockton Rush. The Titan submersible, a 21-foot-long vessel, set off Sunday to explore the remains of the Titanic located nearly 13,000 feet underwater, hundreds of miles off the coast of North America. But after an hour and 45 minutes into the expedition, the Titan lost communications with its mothership at the surface. Eight hours passed before OceanGate contacted the Coast Guard, which launched a wide-ranging rescue effort that lasted until Thursday. Hoping the vessel was still intact, Coast Guard officials estimated the submersible had 96 hours of breathable oxygen when it first left for its destination. That deadline passed without resolution on Thursday morning, though the wreckage was located later that day. Evidence shows that the implosion took place within hours of the submersible setting off, meaning the passengers would have been dead before anybody really started looking for them. Hopes were raised on Wednesday after searchers said they detected a big sound in the general search area. But it was a false lead. The Coast Guard said on Thursday there didn’t seem to be any connection between the noise and the location on the sea floor. 8. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The impact of the disaster. B. The reasons of the disaster. C. The structure of the submersible. D. The victims on the submersible. 9. What can be learnt about the Titan submersible? A. Its wreckage was located on Thursday morning. B. It dived as deep as 13,000 feet underwater. C. Only one passenger survived. D. It lost touch an hour and 45 minutes after its journey began. 10. What does the underlined word “intact” in paragraph 9 probably mean? A. At risk. B. On the road. C. Beyond control. D. In good condition. 11. Why were searchers hopeful of finding the passengers on the Titan submersible? A. They found a big noise in the search area. B. They received some wireless signals. C. They got governments’ support wholly. D. They made advanced tools to detect the vessel. D The Arctic (北极) is heating up at a breakneck speed compared with the rest of Earth. And new analyses show that the region is warming even faster than scientists thought. Over the last four decades, the average Arctic temperature increased nearly four times as fast as the global average, researchers report in Communications Earth & Environment. And that’s just on average. Some parts of the Arctic Ocean, such as the Barents Sea between Russia and Norway’s Svalbard Archipelago, are warming as much as seven times as fast, meteorologist Mika Rantanen of the Finnish Meteorological Institute in Helsinki and colleagues found. Previous studies have tended to say that the Arctic’s average temperature is. increasing two to three times as fast as elsewhere, as humans continue causing the climate to change. To calculate the true pace of the accelerated warming, a phenomenon called Arctic amplification (放大), the researchers analyzed observational data from 1979 to 2021. Globally, the average temperature increasing over that time was about 0.2℃ per decade. But the Aretic was warming by about 0.75℃ per decade. “Even the best climate models are not doing a great job of reproducing that warming,” Rantanen said. The inability of the models to realistically simulate past Arctic amplification calls into question how well the models can project future changes there. It’s not clear where the problem lies. One issue may be that the models are struggling with correctly reproducing the sensitivity of Arctic temperatures to the loss of sea ice. Disappearing snow and ice, particularly sea ice, is one big reason why the Arctic is warming at this speed. The bright white snow and ice create a reflective barrier that bounces incoming radiation from the sun back into space. But open ocean waters or bare rocks absorb that heat, raising the temperature. 12. Which of the following can best describe the Arctic temperature? A. It has come to its peak. B. It has stopped increasing. C. It is becoming as high as the global average. D. It is increasing faster than other regions. 13. How did the researchers find out the true speed of Arctic warming? A. By referring to a theory. B. By concluding different views. C. By analyzing previous data. D. By monitoring the temperature change. 14. What can we know from the last two paragraphs? A. The climate models are out of date. B. Snow and ice absorb more heat than sea water. C. It’s hard for the climate models to correctly predict the future Arctic temperature. D. It’s clear how Arctic temperatures reacted to the loss of sea ice. 15. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A travel brochure. C. A geography textbook. D. A computer magazine. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? ____16____ Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute looked at why mental effort makes us tired. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these performed challenging tasks, which included looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but easier task. Both teams worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute breaks. ____17____ And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. ____18____ It affects people’s sleep, mood and brain activities. Meanwhile, it means the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. And, given a choice between an immediate cash reward and a larger reward that would come months later, people were more likely to choose the smaller, short-term reward than they were at the start of the day. Study author Antonius Wiehler now hopes to use this system to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion. ____19____ Studies of cognitive fatigue (认知疲倦) could also be key to understanding how workers react to and recover from high-risk mental work such as air-traffic control, in which even a brief loss of focus can cost lives. The challenging part of this research is that glutamate levels can be experimentally changed. ____20____ By doing so, it causes the molecule to accumulate during difficult mental work. A. Too much glutamate upsets the brain’s functions. B. The researchers scanned the brains of the participants. C. A new study has found out some answers to this question. D. That is to say, we could break down the molecular mechanisms (分子机制). E. Glutamate is a chemical messenger in the brain that plays a role in learning. F. Healthy levels of glutamate provide energy for brain cells and promote a sleep health. G. He thinks it would be great to find out more about how glutamate levels are restored. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During the past years, my first teacher — my mother — has been suffering from dementia (痴呆). Of course, I wish my mother still could make full use of her ____21____ and that life were easier for her. But given the ____22____, I am also grateful for the opportunity to ____23____ new lessons that my mother’s aging and illnesses present. Living in another city, I have ____24____ flown from New York to Florida every two weeks or so, ____25____ to help ensure her safety, health and happiness. Even so, she has never ____26____ being my teacher — in some ways, perhaps now more than ever before. These ____27____ test my courage, sometimes on a daily basis. They teach me when to guide and when to take a deep breath, when to give my mother a big hug and when to quietly weather the storm. They constantly ____28____ me to act patiently and wisely so her ____29____ are properly met, and yet still step back so I don’t rob her of her independence. My mother has always been _____30_____ and still insists on doing what she can for herself. She makes _____31_____ by herself when she gets up in the morning and bends to pick up whatever _____32_____ on the floor. When it’s time to bring her empty tea cup into the kitchen, she will _____33_____ her walker with one hand and the cup in another. Even as my mother _____34_____ her ability to speak, to remember and to reason, she still _____35_____ me how to live and love. 21. A. memory B. talent C. knowledge D. freedom 22. A. thoughts B. realities C. arrangements D. intentions 23. A. look for B. refer to C. pick out D. learn about 24. A. gradually B. silently C. willingly D. curiously 25. A. trying B. risking C. agreeing D. hating 26. A. practiced B. stopped C. suggested D. imagined 27. A. schedules B. skills C. lessons D. efforts 28. A. allow B. order C. force D. require 29. A. dreams B. needs C. goals D. results 30. A. active B. generous C. humorous D. honest 31. A. noise B. money C. breakfast D. change 32. A. depends B. acts C. moves D. falls 33. A. raise B. hold C. examine D. draw 34. A. loses B. finds C. keeps D. offers 35. A. commands B. blames C. persuades D. teaches 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Acupuncture (针灸), an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the treatment method for ____36____ (count) patients for thousands of years. In ancient times, people used stone tools ____37____ (ease) pain. Over time, this practice evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped ____38____ root of acupuncture. Acupuncture is a treatment, ____39____ aims to promote the body’s self-regulating functions. Its treatment ____40____ (principle) are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine that ____41____ (stress) overall treatment, meridian adjustment, balance of bodily functions and so on. Looking ____42____ China acupuncture has become a global treatment. Up to now, much progress ____43____ (make) in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now a mainstream alternative and complementary treatment for various diseases. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, ____44____ (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application. As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich history and deep cultural ____45____ (significant) acupuncture is a reflection of profound cultural heritage and a holistic path to healing. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将邀请优秀毕业生宋宇航返回母校开展一次讲座。请你代表学生会用英语写一则通知。内容包括： 1.讲座的时间和地点； 2.讲座的内容； 3.其他注意事项。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the community of Belfast, Maine lived an old lady, Marina Delune, 67, who had a cute dog named Ruth. The bright-eyed West Highland White Terrier (梗犬) jumped out of her owner’s car on Tuesday and ran off from her Belfast home. As a person with multiple disabilities, Marina couldn’t do much searching herself. So she posted a piece of information on a Belfast Facebook page that she needed help looking for her lost dog. She expected only a few people would respond. However, the response that she got was beyond her expectation. “It was extraordinary. I couldn’t even keep up with all the responses. I’m not very good at using Facebook, so I couldn’t respond to all the comments,” said Marina. What actually happened was that half of Belfast were out looking for her dog in the woods. The people in the community knew what Ruth meant to Marina. Ruth was her best companion. Always, they saw Marina walking and shopping with Ruth following behind. For two days, the people in the community of Belfast together searched yards and woods for the lost dog, put up posters around the town and monitored social media for tips and sightings. As the hours and then days went by with no sight of Ruth, Marina grew more and more fearful that her dog would never come home. But the searchers didn’t give up, not even during Thursday’s icy rain. Kimberly Mitchell, 53, is an animal lover, who also has disabilities. She walks with a cane (拐杖) and has her own challenges. Such a situation made her acutely aware of how Marina could be feeling. She got in touch with Marina and headed to her home late Thursday afternoon to help. When she pulled into the drive, she had a strong feeling that the dog was nearby. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Despite the cold rain, Kimberly checked the yard. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The dog was looking at Kimberly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年全国高考·冲刺押题卷(六) 英语 注意事项： 1．本试卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上，在规定的位置贴好条形码。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer in South Africa with Plan My Gap Year (PMGY), which is an award-winning, international volunteer abroad organization with programs in Africa, Asia and South America. PMGY provides safe, trusted and affordable programs, with a wide range of projects, including Childcare, English Teaching, Wildlife opportunities. PMGY South Africa has projects located in the picturesque city of Cape Town and the Eastern Cape Town of Port Elizabeth. Our projects in South Africa run across the year and students can join us from 1 — 24 weeks. Volunteers in South Africa are provided with an extensive pre-departure support service, airport pick-up, training, meals, accommodation and local support. Program Highlights ★Most Affordable — PMGY’s programs are accessible to every student who wants to make a difference, through low fees and high-impact projects. ★Best Support — Our international and local teams provide extensive around-the-clock services to assist you at every step of your PMGY adventure. ★Safety Prioritized — Since safety is PMGY’s number one priority, we have taken all necessary precautions to ensure our programs are as safe and structured as possible. ★Extraordinary Experiences — With PMGY, you have the opportunity to truly immerse yourself in amazing cultural and travel experiences, ensuring you leave with unforgettable memories. ★Friendships for Life — Your PMGY experience not only opens up a doorway for new experiences and exciting memories, but also for life-long friendships when meeting new people from around the world. 1. Whom is the text written for probably? A. Educators. B. College students. C. Wildlife protectors. D. Retired people. 2. What is the condition for participants to participate in the program? A. Paying a small sum of money for their project. B. Getting to the airport at their own expense. C. Affording their own accommodation during the program. D. Being patient and skilled in communicating with others. 3. What’s the purpose of the part “Program Highlights”? A. To describe possible dangers in Africa. B. To encourage donations to Africans. C. To show the benefits of the program. D. To introduce PMGY’s history. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文是关于主要介绍了志愿者项目PMGY South Africa，包括项目亮点、参与条件、目的地和服务内容等，以吸引并告知潜在参与者。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Volunteer in South Africa with Plan My Gap Year (PMGY), which is an award-winning, international volunteer abroad organization with programs in Africa, Asia and South America. (参与Plan My Gap Year (PMGY)在南非做志愿者，这是一个屡获殊荣的国际海外志愿者组织，在非洲、亚洲和南美洲都有项目)”、第二段中的“Our projects in South Africa run across the year and students can join us from 1—24 weeks. (我们在南非的项目贯穿全年，学生可以在1-24周内加入我们。)”以及“Program Highlights”下文中“★Most Affordable — PMGY’s programs are accessible to every student who wants to make a difference, through low fees and high-impact projects.(★最实惠——通过低费用和高影响力的项目，每个想要有所作为的学生都可以参与PMGY的项目。)”可知，这个项目主要是针对利用空缺年（Gap Year）参与国际志愿活动的学生；由此推断，这篇文章最有可能是针对大学生。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Program Highlights”部分中的“Most Affordable — PMGY’s programs are accessible to every student who wants to make a difference, through low fees and high-impact projects. (★最实惠——通过低费用和高影响力的项目，每个想要有所作为的学生都可以访问PMGY的项目。)”可知，参与者需要支付一小部分钱来参与项目。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Program Highlights”部分中的“Most Affordable (最实惠)”、“Best Support (最佳支持)”、“Safety Prioritized (安全优先)”、“Extraordinary Experiences (非凡的体验)”、“Friendships for Life (终身友谊)”可知，这部分详细列出了项目的几个优势，这些都是为了展示参与该项目所能获得的好处和正面影响。故选C项。 B Where does the inspiration come from? Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden. He recently bought a microscope for his son. For fun, they placed a beetle under the lens. “It blew me away,” Biss recalls. “It was beautiful.” He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph. Until then, Biss had made a career as a commercial photographer. Insects gave his work a new goal. Around the world, insect populations are in decline because of pesticides (杀虫剂), habitat loss, and climate change. Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope, they would care more about protecting insects. “I’ve got a photographic technique and a skill,” he says. “If I can do this, I should use it for a better purpose.” Biss turned to a type of photography that involves taking close-up pictures of small things, like flowers or bugs. His pictures show the insects in all their wonderful, microscopic detail. What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions. Some are eight feet tall. In 2016, Biss exhibited his first insect project, Microsculpture. That’s a scientific term. For his latest exhibition, Extinct and Endangered, Biss photographed bugs from the collection at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. With the help of the museum’s scientists, he selected bugs that were either extinct or endangered. “It’s a humbling experience, when you’re holding an insect that’s extinct,” Biss says. “The human species is responsible for the current insect crisis. It’s sad to know this insect will never be on this planet again.” Biss hopes his photographs will get people thinking the same way. “The way I work is through pictures. I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words,” he says. “Hopefully, these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.” 4. What inspired Biss to take pictures of insects? A. His job as a photographer. B. The insect’s beauty he found. C. The microscope he had bought. D. His dream to hold an exhibition. 5. What does the underlined phrase “a better purpose” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Taking close-up pictures. B. Practicing his relevant skills. C. Encouraging people to protect insects. D. Passing on knowledge about endangered insects. 6. What can we infer about Biss’ latest exhibition? A. It’s held in the American Museum of Natural History. B. Its theme was microsculpture. C. It was organized by Biss alone. D. Its pictures were much larger than normal insects. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A New Way to Take Pictures B. Appreciate Insects in Detail C. Achievements Biss Has Made D. Learn More about Insects’ Present Situation 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了摄影师Levon Biss如何通过微距摄影展现昆虫的微观美，以此唤起人们对昆虫保护的意识。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Where does the inspiration come from? Photographer Levon Biss got it when looking at beetles from his garden. He recently bought a microscope for his son. For fun, they placed a beetle under the lens. “It blew me away,” Biss recalls. “It was beautiful.” He wondered if he could capture that beauty in a photograph. (灵感从何而来？摄影师Levon Biss在花园里观察甲虫时拍下了这张照片。他最近给儿子买了一台显微镜。为了好玩，他们在镜头下放了一只甲虫。“这让我大吃一惊，”Biss回忆道。“太美了。”他想知道他是否能在照片中捕捉到这种美。)”可知，Biss拍摄昆虫的灵感来源于他发现的昆虫之美。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中“Insects gave his work a new goal. Around the world, insect populations are in decline because of pesticides (杀虫剂), habitat loss, and climate change. Biss thought that if people could see what he saw through his son’s microscope, they would care more about protecting insects. “I’ve got a photographic technique and a skill,” he says. “If I can do this, I should use it for a better purpose.” (昆虫给了他一个新的工作目标。在世界范围内，由于杀虫剂、栖息地丧失和气候变化，昆虫数量正在下降。比斯认为，如果人们能看到他通过儿子的显微镜看到的东西，他们就会更关心保护昆虫。“我有摄影技术和技能，”他说。“如果我能做到这一点，我应该把它用于更好的目的。”) ”可知，a better purpose指的是鼓励人们保护昆虫。A. Taking close-up pictures拍摄特写照片；B. Practicing his relevant skills练习他的相关技能；C. Encouraging people to protect insects鼓励人们保护昆虫；D. Passing on knowledge about endangered insects传播有关濒危昆虫的知识。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“What is more wonderful is that Biss blows them up into larger-than-life images to be displayed in his exhibitions. Some are eight feet tall.(更奇妙的是，比斯把它们放大成比真人更大的图像，在他的展览中展出。有些有八英尺高。)”可知，Biss的最新展览中的图片比普通昆虫要大很多。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段“Biss hopes his photographs will get people thinking the same way. “The way I work is through pictures. I communicate visually in the way a writer communicates through words,” he says. “Hopefully, these pictures can shake things up and get people to pay attention.” (Biss希望他的照片能让人们以同样的方式思考。“我的工作方式是通过照片。我用作家通过文字交流的方式进行视觉交流，”他说。“希望这些照片能改变现状，引起人们的关注。”)”可知，整篇文章主要讲述了摄影师Levon Biss如何通过微距摄影展现昆虫的微观美，以此唤起人们对昆虫保护的意识。因此，最合适的标题是 B. “Appreciate Insects in Detail (仔细欣赏昆虫)”。故选B项。 C The five passengers on board the Titan submersible (潜水器) traveling to the Titanic wreckage (残骸) are believed to be dead, the vessel’s operator and the US Coast Guard said. They reached the conclusion after a days-long search for the wreckage from the submersible on the ocean floor, indicating a failure of the vessel’s body that would be impossible to survive. “The wreckage, found not far from the remains of the Titanic, was consistent with the catastrophic loss of the pressure chamber and there was a catastrophic implosion (内爆),”said US Coast Guard Rear Admiral John Mauger. OceanGate Expeditions, which operated the submersible, gave a statement of its own confirming the deaths. Five men were on board: the British billionaire Hamish Harding, Shahzada Dawood and his 19-year-old son Suleman, former French navy diver Paul-Henri Nargeolet, and OceanGate CEO Stockton Rush. The Titan submersible, a 21-foot-long vessel, set off Sunday to explore the remains of the Titanic located nearly 13,000 feet underwater, hundreds of miles off the coast of North America. But after an hour and 45 minutes into the expedition, the Titan lost communications with its mothership at the surface. Eight hours passed before OceanGate contacted the Coast Guard, which launched a wide-ranging rescue effort that lasted until Thursday. Hoping the vessel was still intact, Coast Guard officials estimated the submersible had 96 hours of breathable oxygen when it first left for its destination. That deadline passed without resolution on Thursday morning, though the wreckage was located later that day. Evidence shows that the implosion took place within hours of the submersible setting off, meaning the passengers would have been dead before anybody really started looking for them. Hopes were raised on Wednesday after searchers said they detected a big sound in the general search area. But it was a false lead. The Coast Guard said on Thursday there didn’t seem to be any connection between the noise and the location on the sea floor. 8. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The impact of the disaster. B. The reasons of the disaster. C. The structure of the submersible. D. The victims on the submersible. 9. What can be learnt about the Titan submersible? A. Its wreckage was located on Thursday morning. B. It dived as deep as 13,000 feet underwater. C. Only one passenger survived. D. It lost touch an hour and 45 minutes after its journey began. 10. What does the underlined word “intact” in paragraph 9 probably mean? A. At risk. B. On the road. C. Beyond control. D. In good condition. 11. Why were searchers hopeful of finding the passengers on the Titan submersible? A. They found a big noise in the search area. B. They received some wireless signals. C. They got governments’ support wholly. D. They made advanced tools to detect the vessel. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了Titan潜水器在探索泰坦尼克号残骸时发生事故，船上的五名乘客被认为已经死亡的事件。内容涉及泰坦潜水器事故、人员伤亡情况、搜救行动及其进展，以及对事故原因的初步分析。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段““The wreckage, found not far from the remains of the Titanic, was consistent with the catastrophic loss of the pressure chamber and there was a catastrophic implosion (内爆),” said US Coast Guard Rear Admiral John Mauger. (美国海岸警卫队海军少将约翰·莫格说：‘在离泰坦尼克号残骸不远的地方发现的残骸，与压力舱的灾难性损失和灾难性的内爆一致。’)”可知，第三段主要引用美国海岸警卫队后约翰·莫格尔少将的话，说明了泰坦潜水器失事的原因。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The five passengers on board the Titan submersible (潜水器) traveling to the Titanic wreckage (残骸) are believed to be dead, the vessel’s operator and the US Coast Guard said. (泰坦号潜水器的操作员和美国海岸警卫队表示，乘坐泰坦号潜水器前往泰坦尼克号残骸的五名乘客据信已经死亡。)”、第六段“The Titan submersible, a 21-foot-long vessel, set off Sunday to explore the remains of the Titanic located nearly 13,000 feet underwater, hundreds of miles off the coast of North America. (泰坦号潜水器是一艘21英尺长的船，于周日出发，前往距离北美海岸数百英里、水下近1.3万英尺的地方探索泰坦尼克号的残骸。)”和第七段“But after an hour and 45 minutes into the expedition, the Titan lost communications with its mothership at the surface. (但在探险1小时45分钟后，泰坦失去了与地面上的母船的联系。)”、第九段“That deadline passed without resolution on Thursday morning, though the wreckage was located later that day.(周四上午，最后期限已过，但没有得到解决，不过当天晚些时候找到了飞机残骸。)”可知，泰坦潜水器在出发后1小时45分钟时与母船失去了联系，周四下午找到的残骸，五名乘客已经死亡，文章并未提及它实际到达的深度。故选D。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第九段中“Hoping the vessel was still (希望船仍然)”和“Coast Guard officials estimated the submersible had 96 hours of breathable oxygen when it first left for its destination. That deadline passed without resolution on Thursday morning, though the wreckage was located later that day. (海岸警卫队官员估计潜水器在第一次出发前往目的地时，有96小时的可呼吸氧气。周四上午，最后期限已过，但没有得到解决，不过当天晚些时候找到了飞机残骸。)”可知，海岸警卫队官员希望船仍然状况良好，intact应指的是潜水器如果未发生灾难，保持完好状态下的假设。A. At risk有风险；B. On the road在路上；C. Beyond control无法控制；D. In good condition状况良好。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hopes were raised on Wednesday after searchers said they detected a big sound in the general search area. (周三，搜救人员表示，他们在搜索区域发现了巨大的声音，这给人们带来了希望。)” 可知，搜索者们在搜索区域发现一大声响，这使他们对找到泰坦潜水器上的乘客抱有希望。故选A。 D The Arctic (北极) is heating up at a breakneck speed compared with the rest of Earth. And new analyses show that the region is warming even faster than scientists thought. Over the last four decades, the average Arctic temperature increased nearly four times as fast as the global average, researchers report in Communications Earth & Environment. And that’s just on average. Some parts of the Arctic Ocean, such as the Barents Sea between Russia and Norway’s Svalbard Archipelago, are warming as much as seven times as fast, meteorologist Mika Rantanen of the Finnish Meteorological Institute in Helsinki and colleagues found. Previous studies have tended to say that the Arctic’s average temperature is. increasing two to three times as fast as elsewhere, as humans continue causing the climate to change. To calculate the true pace of the accelerated warming, a phenomenon called Arctic amplification (放大), the researchers analyzed observational data from 1979 to 2021. Globally, the average temperature increasing over that time was about 0.2℃ per decade. But the Aretic was warming by about 0.75℃ per decade. “Even the best climate models are not doing a great job of reproducing that warming,” Rantanen said. The inability of the models to realistically simulate past Arctic amplification calls into question how well the models can project future changes there. It’s not clear where the problem lies. One issue may be that the models are struggling with correctly reproducing the sensitivity of Arctic temperatures to the loss of sea ice. Disappearing snow and ice, particularly sea ice, is one big reason why the Arctic is warming at this speed. The bright white snow and ice create a reflective barrier that bounces incoming radiation from the sun back into space. But open ocean waters or bare rocks absorb that heat, raising the temperature. 12. Which of the following can best describe the Arctic temperature? A. It has come to its peak. B. It has stopped increasing. C. It is becoming as high as the global average. D. It is increasing faster than other regions. 13. How did the researchers find out the true speed of Arctic warming? A. By referring to a theory. B. By concluding different views. C. By analyzing previous data. D. By monitoring the temperature change. 14. What can we know from the last two paragraphs? A. The climate models are out of date. B. Snow and ice absorb more heat than sea water. C. It’s hard for the climate models to correctly predict the future Arctic temperature. D. It’s clear how Arctic temperatures reacted to the loss of sea ice. 15. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A research paper. B. A travel brochure. C. A geography textbook. D. A computer magazine. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北极加速变暖速度远超全球平均水平，部分海域变暖速率高达全球平均的七倍，气候模型难以准确模拟这一放大效应，海冰减少加剧升温，未来预测面临挑战。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“The Arctic (北极) is heating up at a breakneck speed compared with the rest of Earth. And new analyses show that the region is warming even faster than scientists thought. Over the last four decades, the average Arctic temperature increased nearly four times as fast as the global average, researchers report in Communications Earth & Environment. (与地球其他地区相比，北极正在以惊人的速度升温。新的分析表明，该地区的变暖速度比科学家们想象的还要快。研究人员在《通信地球与环境》杂志上报告说，在过去的四十年里，北极平均温度的上升速度几乎是全球平均温度的四倍。)”可知，北极的温度的增长速度比其他地区快。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“To calculate the true pace of the accelerated warming, a phenomenon called Arctic amplification (放大), the researchers analyzed observational data from 1979 to 2021. (为了计算加速变暖的真实速度，一种被称为北极放大的现象，研究人员分析了1979年至2021年的观测数据。)”可知，研究人员通过分析以前的数据来发现北极变暖的真实速度。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Even the best climate models are not doing a great job of reproducing that warming,” Rantanen said. The inability of the models to realistically simulate past Arctic amplification calls into question how well the models can project future changes there. (“即使是最好的气候模型也不能很好地再现这种变暖，”Rantanen说。这些模式无法真实地模拟过去的北极放大，这让人质疑这些模式能否很好地预测未来的变化。)”可知，气候模型很难正确预测未来北极的温度。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The Arctic (北极) is heating up at a breakneck speed compared with the rest of Earth. And new analyses show that the region is warming even faster than scientists thought. Over the last four decades, the average Arctic temperature increased nearly four times as fast as the global average, researchers report in Communications Earth & Environment. (与地球其他地区相比，北极正在以惊人的速度升温。新的分析表明，该地区的变暖速度比科学家们想象的还要快。研究人员在《通信地球与环境》杂志上报告说，在过去的四十年里，北极平均温度的上升速度几乎是全球平均温度的四倍。)”可知，本文内容涉及北极地区的气候变化，是科研性质的主题，因此最可能出自一篇研究论文。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? ____16____ Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute looked at why mental effort makes us tired. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these performed challenging tasks, which included looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but easier task. Both teams worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute breaks. ____17____ And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. ____18____ It affects people’s sleep, mood and brain activities. Meanwhile, it means the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. And, given a choice between an immediate cash reward and a larger reward that would come months later, people were more likely to choose the smaller, short-term reward than they were at the start of the day. Study author Antonius Wiehler now hopes to use this system to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion. ____19____ Studies of cognitive fatigue (认知疲倦) could also be key to understanding how workers react to and recover from high-risk mental work such as air-traffic control, in which even a brief loss of focus can cost lives. The challenging part of this research is that glutamate levels can be experimentally changed. ____20____ By doing so, it causes the molecule to accumulate during difficult mental work. A. Too much glutamate upsets the brain’s functions. B. The researchers scanned the brains of the participants. C. A new study has found out some answers to this question. D. That is to say, we could break down the molecular mechanisms (分子机制). E. Glutamate is a chemical messenger in the brain that plays a role in learning. F. Healthy levels of glutamate provide energy for brain cells and promote a sleep health. G. He thinks it would be great to find out more about how glutamate levels are restored. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现思考过多致累原因：大脑释放的谷氨酸过多影响睡眠、情绪及脑活动，引发认知疲劳。研究者期望借此了解恢复方法，对高风险脑力工作者如空中交通管制员等尤为重要。 【16题详解】 由上文“Have you ever wondered why thinking too much makes you tired? (你有没有想过为什么想太多会让你疲惫？)”可知，这个问题提出关于思考过度导致疲劳的原因，下文应是对该问题的回应或解答。因此，C选项“A new study has found out some answers to this question. (一项新研究已经找到了一些答案。)”符合逻辑，既回答了上文的问题，也引出了下文的研究内容。故选C。 【17题详解】 由上文“Researchers from the Paris Brain Institute looked at why mental effort makes us tired. The research team looked at the behavior of 40 participants in their research. Twenty-four of these performed challenging tasks, which included looking at a computer screen and matching different letters that appeared. The other 16 participants did a similar, but easier task. Both teams worked for six hours, and had two ten-minute breaks. (黎大脑研究所的研究人员研究了为什么脑力劳动会让我们感到疲倦。研究小组在他们的研究中观察了40名参与者的行为。其中24人执行具有挑战性的任务，包括看着电脑屏幕，匹配出现的不同字母。另外16名参与者做了类似但更简单的任务。)”可知，两组参与者进行了不同难度的任务，下文“And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. (他们发现，任务更困难的那一组大脑中的谷氨酸水平更高。谷氨酸是大脑释放的一种化学物质。)”紧接着说他们的发现，说明此处需要一个过渡句来引出研究者们的发现是通过何种方式得到的。因此，B选项“The researchers scanned the brains of the participants. (研究人员扫描了参与者的大脑。)”表明研究者们是通过扫描大脑来获取数据的，能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 【18题详解】 由上文“And they found that the group who had the more difficult task had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in their brains. Glutamate is a chemical the brain releases. (他们发现，任务更困难的那一组大脑中的谷氨酸水平更高。谷氨酸是大脑释放的一种化学物质。)”和下文“It affects people’s sleep, mood and brain activities. Meanwhile, it means the brain tells the body it is tired and that it must rest. And, given a choice between an immediate cash reward and a larger reward that would come months later, people were more likely to choose the smaller, short-term reward than they were at the start of the day. (它会影响人们的睡眠、情绪和大脑活动。同时，这意味着大脑告诉身体它累了，它必须休息。而且，如果让人们在立即获得现金奖励和几个月后获得的更大奖励之间做出选择，与一天开始时相比，人们更有可能选择较小的短期奖励。)”可知，空后的It指代一种对人有广泛影响的物质或因素。而上文提到了glutamate“谷氨酸”，所以这里应该继续讨论谷氨酸的影响。因此，A选项“Too much glutamate upsets the brain’s functions. (过多的谷氨酸会扰乱大脑的功能。)”符合上下文语境，解释了谷氨酸过量的负面影响。故选A。 【19题详解】 由上文“Study author Antonius Wiehler now hopes to use this system to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion. (该研究的作者Antonius Wiehler现在希望利用这一系统来更多地了解如何从精神疲惫中恢复过来。)”可知，接下来的内容应该延续这一研究目的或方向。因此，G选项“He thinks it would be great to find out more about how glutamate levels are restored. (他认为，了解更多关于谷氨酸水平如何恢复的信息将非常有用。)”与上文紧密相连，进一步阐述了研究者对于探究谷氨酸恢复机制的兴趣和重要性。故选G。 【20题详解】 由上文“The challenging part of this research is that glutamate levels can be experimentally changed."(这项研究的挑战在于谷氨酸水平可以在实验中改变。)”可知，接下来应该讲述如何改变或这一改变带来的具体影响。因此，D选项“That is to say, we could break down the molecular mechanisms (分子机制). (也就是说，我们能够分解这些分子机制。)”逻辑上连接紧密，意味着通过实验改变谷氨酸水平可以揭示其背后的分子机制。故选D。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During the past years, my first teacher — my mother — has been suffering from dementia (痴呆). Of course, I wish my mother still could make full use of her ____21____ and that life were easier for her. But given the ____22____, I am also grateful for the opportunity to ____23____ new lessons that my mother’s aging and illnesses present. Living in another city, I have ____24____ flown from New York to Florida every two weeks or so, ____25____ to help ensure her safety, health and happiness. Even so, she has never ____26____ being my teacher — in some ways, perhaps now more than ever before. These ____27____ test my courage, sometimes on a daily basis. They teach me when to guide and when to take a deep breath, when to give my mother a big hug and when to quietly weather the storm. They constantly ____28____ me to act patiently and wisely so her ____29____ are properly met, and yet still step back so I don’t rob her of her independence. My mother has always been _____30_____ and still insists on doing what she can for herself. She makes _____31_____ by herself when she gets up in the morning and bends to pick up whatever _____32_____ on the floor. When it’s time to bring her empty tea cup into the kitchen she will _____33_____ her walker with one hand and the cup in another. Even as my mother _____34_____ her ability to speak, to remember and to reason, she still _____35_____ me how to live and love. 21. A. memory B. talent C. knowledge D. freedom 22. A. thoughts B. realities C. arrangements D. intentions 23. A. look for B. refer to C. pick out D. learn about 24. A. gradually B. silently C. willingly D. curiously 25. A. trying B. risking C. agreeing D. hating 26 A. practiced B. stopped C. suggested D. imagined 27. A. schedules B. skills C. lessons D. efforts 28. A. allow B. order C. force D. require 29. A. dreams B. needs C. goals D. results 30. A. active B. generous C. humorous D. honest 31. A. noise B. money C. breakfast D. change 32. A. depends B. acts C. moves D. falls 33. A. raise B. hold C. examine D. draw 34. A. loses B. finds C. keeps D. offers 35. A. commands B. blames C. persuades D. teaches 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。文章讲述了作者与患有痴呆症的母亲之间的深厚情感以及母亲对作者人生教诲的持续影响。尽管母亲的身体状况日益衰退，但作者依然感激母亲在生命中带给自己的新教训，并尽自己所能确保母亲的安全、健康和幸福。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，我希望我的母亲仍然可以充分利用她的记忆，并且她的生活可以轻松一些。A. memory记忆；B. talent才能；C. knowledge知识；D. freedom自由。根据前文“has been suffering from dementia (痴呆).(一直遭受着痴呆的痛苦)”可知，作者的母亲患有痴呆症，可推理出作者希望母亲可以充分利用她的记忆。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是考虑到现实情况，我也很感激有机会了解到我母亲衰老和疾病所带来的新的教训。A. thoughts想法；B. realities现实；C. arrangements安排；D. intentions意图。根据前文“Of course, I wish my mother still could make full use of her …and that life were easier for her(当然，我希望我的母亲仍然可以充分利用她的……，并且她的生活可以轻松一些)”以及转折词But可知，作者虽然希望母亲的生活可以轻松一些，但是现实情况却并非如此。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同2题。A. look for寻找；B. refer to涉及，提到；C. pick out挑选；D. learn about了解。根据后文“new lessons that my mother’s aging and illnesses present(母亲衰老和疾病所带来的新的教训)”可知，下文说的是母亲衰老和疾病所带来的新的教训，可推理出此处说的是母亲生病使作者了解到母亲衰老和疾病所带来的新的教训。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：住在另一个城市，我每两周左右就会主动从纽约飞到佛罗里达，试图帮助确保她的安全、健康和幸福。A. gradually逐渐地；B. silently默默地；C. willingly愿意地；D. curiously好奇地。根据后文“to help ensure her safety, health and happiness(帮助确保她的安全、健康和幸福)”可知，作者从纽约飞到佛罗里达去照顾母亲，是愿意这么做的。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同4题。A. trying尝试，想要；B. risking冒险；C. agreeing同意；D. hating讨厌。根据后文“to help ensure her safety, health and happiness(帮助确保她安全、健康和幸福)”可知，作者从纽约飞到佛罗里达是为了想要确保母亲的安全、健康和幸福，try to do意为“试图做某事”，符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，她从未停止过做我的老师——在某些方面，也许现在比以往任何时候都更像。A. practiced练习；B. stopped停止；C. suggested建议；D. imagined想象。根据后文“in some ways, perhaps now more than ever before(在某些方面，也许现在比以往任何时候都更像)”可知，作者的母亲现在比以往任何时候都更像一位老师，说明她从未停止过做作者的老师。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些课程考验着我的勇气，有时甚至是每天。A. schedules时间表；B. skills技能；C. lessons课程；D. efforts努力。根据上文“in some ways, perhaps now more than ever before(在某些方面，也许现在比以往任何时候都更像)”可知，作者的母亲在某些方面比以往任何时候都更像一位老师，所以作者把母亲对自己的教育看作是一些课程。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们不断地要求我要有耐心和智慧地行动，以便她需求能得到恰当满足，同时也要退一步，以免剥夺她的独立性。A. allow允许；B. order命令；C. force强迫；D. require要求。根据上文“They teach me when to guide and when to take a deep breath, when to give my mother a big hug and when to quietly weather the storm.”以及后文“me to act patiently and wisely(……我要有耐心和智慧地行动)”可知，这些事情要求作者要有耐心和智慧地行动。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同8题。A. dreams梦想；B. needs需求；C. goals目标；D. results结果。根据上文“They teach me when to guide and when to take a deep breath, when to give my mother a big hug and when to quietly weather the storm.”以及后文“are properly met(……能得到恰当满足)”可知，此处指的是母亲的需求能得到恰当满足。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲一直很活跃，现在仍然坚持自己能做的事情。A. active忙碌的，活跃的；B. generous慷慨的；C. humorous幽默的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“and still insists on doing what she can for herself(仍然坚持自己能做的事情)”可知，作者的母亲仍然坚持自己能做的事情，这说明她一直很爱活动。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她早上起床后自己做早餐，弯腰捡起掉在地上的东西。A. noise噪音；B. money金钱；C. breakfast早餐；D. change零钱。根据前文“She makes(她做……)”以及后文“by herself when she gets up in the morning(她早上起床后自己……)”可知，此处指的是母亲早上起床后自己做事，分析选项，C项“breakfast早餐”表达的含义为：做早餐，符合语境。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同11题。A. depends依靠；B. acts行动；C. moves移动；D. falls掉落。根据前文“bends to pick up(弯腰捡起……)”可知，此处指的是捡起掉在地上的东西。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当把空茶杯送到厨房的时候，她会一只手拿着助行器，另一只手拿着茶杯。A. raise举起；B. hold拿着，抓住；C. examine检查；D. draw画。根据后文“her walker with one hand and the cup in another(……助行器，另一只手拿着茶杯)”可知，此处指的是母亲一只手拿着助行器，另一只手拿着茶杯。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在我母亲失去了说话、记忆和推理的能力时，她仍然教我如何生活和爱。A. loses失去；B. finds发现；C. keeps保持；D. offers提供。根据前文“has been suffering from dementia(痴呆).(一直遭受着痴呆的痛苦)”可知，作者的母亲患有痴呆症，所以她失去了说话、记忆和推理的能力。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同14题。A. commands命令；B. blames责备；C. persuades说服；D. teaches教。根据前文“she has never stopped being my teacher(她从未停止做我的老师)”可知，作者的母亲从未停止过做作者的老师，所以即使在她失去了说话、记忆和推理的能力时，她仍然教作者如何生活和爱。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Acupuncture (针灸), an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the treatment method for ____36____ (count) patients for thousands of years. In ancient times, people used stone tools ____37____ (ease) pain. Over time, this practice evolved into a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped ____38____ root of acupuncture. Acupuncture is a treatment, ____39____ aims to promote the body’s self-regulating functions. Its treatment ____40____ (principle) are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine that ____41____ (stress) overall treatment, meridian adjustment, balance of bodily functions and so on. Looking ____42____ China, acupuncture has become a global treatment. Up to now, much progress ____43____ (make) in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now a mainstream alternative and complementary treatment for various diseases. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, ____44____ (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application. As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich history and deep cultural ____45____ (significant), acupuncture is a reflection of profound cultural heritage and a holistic path to healing. 【答案】36. countless 37. to ease 38 the 39. which 40. principles 41. stresses 42. beyond 43. has been made 44. illustrating 45. significance 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了针灸的治疗方法以及它在现代医学中的地位。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：几千年来，针灸作为一种古老的中医实践，一直是无数患者的治疗方法。本空用形容词countless“无数的”，作定语，修饰patients。故填countless。 【37题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：在古代，人们使用石器来缓解疼痛。本句谓语为used，此处为非谓语动词，本空用不定式to ease“缓解”作目的状语。故填to ease。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，这种实践演变成了一种全面而深刻的医学体系，并形成了针灸的基础。本空用定冠词the，特指针灸的基础。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：针灸是一种旨在促进身体自我调节功能的治疗方法。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a treatment，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：其治疗原则与强调整体治疗、经络调理、身体机能平衡等的中医哲学概念相一致。因be动词为are，主语应为复数，本空用名词principle的复数形式principles“原则”，作主语。故填principles。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：其治疗原则与强调整体治疗、经络调理、身体机能平衡等的中医哲学概念相一致。stress“强调”。that引导定语从句，that代替先行词 traditional Chinese medicine在从句中作主语，且从句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，谓语用动词第三人称单数。故填stresses。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：放眼中国之外，针灸已经成为一种全球性的治疗方法。本空用介词beyond“超出”，构成短语looking beyond，表示“超越……看”。故填beyond。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，科学研究和现代医学已经取得了很大进展。make progress“取得进展”。根据Up to now可知，句子时态用现在完成时，且make与主语progress为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，因主语progress为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been made。 【44题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：根据2019年世界卫生组织的一份报告，其120个成员国中有113个国家使用针灸，说明了针灸的广泛认可和应用。本句谓语为is used，此处为非谓语动词，本空用现在分词illustrating“说明，表明”，作状语。故填illustrating。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为有着丰富历史和深厚文化底蕴的古老中医实践，针灸是深厚文化遗产的反映，也是整体治疗的路径。本空用名词significance“重要性，意义”，作with的宾语。故填significance。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将邀请优秀毕业生宋宇航返回母校开展一次讲座。请你代表学生会用英语写一则通知。内容包括： 1.讲座的时间和地点； 2.讲座的内容； 3.其他注意事项。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Notice Dear fellow students, We are delighted to announce that our esteemed alumnus, Song Yuhang, will be returning to our school to deliver a lecture. The event will be held this Friday, from 2:00 pm. to 4:00 p.m., in the Auditorium of the Main Building. During the lecture, Mr. Song will share his insights on personal growth and career development, drawing from his own experiences as a successful graduate. This is a rare opportunity for us to learn from his wisdom and inspire our future path. Please be punctual and maintain a respectful atmosphere during the lecture. We encourage all students to actively participate and engage in the discussion. Look forward to seeing you there! Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将邀请优秀毕业生宋宇航返回母校开展一次讲座，要求考生按照要求代表学生会用英语写一则通知。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→ glad 宣布：announce→ declare 机会：opportunity→ chance 智慧：wisdom→ intelligence 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：We are delighted to announce that our esteemed alumnus, Song Yuhang, will be returning to our school to deliver a lecture. 拓展句：We are delighted to announce that our esteemed alumnus, whose name is Song Yuhang, will be returning to our school to deliver a lecture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We are delighted to announce that our esteemed alumnus, Song Yuhang, will be returning to our school to deliver a lecture.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】This is a rare opportunity for us to learn from his wisdom and inspire our future path.（运用了不定式to learn作定语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the community of Belfast, Maine lived an old lady, Marina Delune, 67, who had a cute dog named Ruth. The bright-eyed West Highland White Terrier (梗犬) jumped out of her owner’s car on Tuesday and ran off from her Belfast home. As a person with multiple disabilities, Marina couldn’t do much searching herself. So she posted a piece of information on a Belfast Facebook page that she needed help looking for her lost dog. She expected only a few people would respond. However, the response that she got was beyond her expectation. “It was extraordinary. I couldn’t even keep up with all the responses. I’m not very good at using Facebook, so I couldn’t respond to all the comments,” said Marina. What actually happened was that half of Belfast were out looking for her dog in the woods. The people in the community knew what Ruth meant to Marina. Ruth was her best companion. Always, they saw Marina walking and shopping with Ruth following behind. For two days, the people in the community of Belfast together searched yards and woods for the lost dog, put up posters around the town and monitored social media for tips and sightings. As the hours and then days went by with no sight of Ruth, Marina grew more and more fearful that her dog would never come home. But the searchers didn’t give up, not even during Thursday’s icy rain. Kimberly Mitchell, 53, is an animal lover, who also has disabilities. She walks with a cane (拐杖) and has her own challenges. Such a situation made her acutely aware of how Marina could be feeling. She got in touch with Marina and headed to her home late Thursday afternoon to help. When she pulled into the drive, she had a strong feeling that the dog was nearby. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Despite the cold rain, Kimberly checked the yard. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The dog was looking at Kimberly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Despite the cold rain, Kimberly checked the yard. He determined not to let the adverse weather deter her from the mission. With her heart filled with hope and her eyes scanning every corner, she called out Ruth’s name, the sound echoing through the damp air. As she carefully navigated the slippery terrain, her cane tapping rhythmically against the ground, a sudden movement caught her attention. There, amidst the shrubs, partially hidden under a bush, were two bright eyes glistening in the dim light – it was Ruth. The dog was looking at Kimberly. Kimberly softly called, her voice brimming with relief and joy. Ruth, detecting kindness, shyly appeared, tail timidly wagging. Kimberly, aware of her limitations, knelt down cautiously, offering a gentle hand. Sensing security, Ruth drew near, accepting Kimberly’s protective hug. Emotional, Kimberly lifted Ruth, phoning Marina to share the happy news: Ruth was safe and and she was coming home. This sparked jubilation throughout Belfast, highlighting the community’s solidarity and compassion in overcoming adversity. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。67岁的老人玛丽娜·德尔努拥有一只叫露丝的可爱狗狗。周二，露丝跑丢了。身患多种残疾的玛丽娜无法亲自寻找，便在当地的脸书群里求助。社区居民纷纷出动。随着日子一天天过去，玛丽娜越来越担心露丝回不来了，但搜寻者们即使在冰冷的雨中也未曾放弃。53岁的金伯利·米切尔也是一位行动不便的动物爱好者，她理解玛丽娜的感受，前往玛丽娜家帮忙。刚到玛丽娜家，她就强烈感觉到露丝就在附近。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“尽管下着凉雨，金伯利还是检查了院子。”可知，第一段可以描写金伯利寻找露丝的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“那条狗正看着金伯利。”可知，第二段可以描写金伯利找到露丝后的行动。 2.续写线索：检查院子——发现狗狗——狗正看着——抱着狗狗——给玛丽娜打电话——带回 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①决定：determine/decide ②阻止：deter/prevent ③引起某人的注意：catch one’s attention/attract one’s attention 情绪类 ①希望：hope/expectation ②快乐：joy/delight 【点睛】【高分句型1】As she carefully navigated the slippery terrain, her cane tapping rhythmically against the ground, a sudden movement caught her attention. ( 运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型3】Sensing security, Ruth drew near, accepting Kimberly’s protective hug. (运用了现在分词sensing和accepting作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$