山东省德州市第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第12周周测英语试题

2023-2024学年度第二学期 第12周 高二英语第12周周测试题 2024.05 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2024 Illustration Competition Enter the competition most respected and admired in the industry for creativity in illustration, the Communication Arts Illustration Competition. Selected by distinguished professionals, the winning entries will be distributed worldwide in the Communication Arts Illustration Annual and on commarts.com, ensuring important exposure of the creations. Each winner will receive a professionalized Award of Excellence, made from solid aluminum, and an award certificate. Communication Art’s Award of Excellence is one of the most desired awards. If chosen, winning places you in the highest ranks of your profession. What To Enter With Any illustration first published or produced from Jan. 2023 to Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may originate from any country. Descriptions in English are necessary for the judges to read. Entries Can Be Submitted In The Following Formats Digital Images: RGB images in JPG format with a maximum file size of 2 MB．GIF images may be livelier, but would be turned down, and so would the PNG ones. Motion Entries: In MOV, MP4 or MPG format, with a maximum file size of 500 MB． Illustration Competition Categories & Entry Fees Category Single illustration Series of illustrations Books (covers, jackets, etc.) $ 40 $ 80 (limit of 5) Motion (media for films, videos, etc.) $ 90 $ 180 (limit of 3) Student Work $ 20 (Image)$ 45 (Video) $ 40 (Images, limit of 5) $ 90 (Video, limit of 3) For more categories, please download the category PDF. Late Fees Entries must be registered no later than Jan. 13, 2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee of $10 each. No entries can be registered after Jan. 27, 2024. 1．What will the winner gain? A．A personalized award certificate. B．Wide recognition in the industry. C．Exposure to world-famous works. D．A bonus from Communication Arts. 2．Which of the following is unfit for the competition? A．A student work from Argentina. B．A newly produced motion entry. C．A PNG image with a file size of 1 MB． D．A series for covers of three illustrations. 3．How much should be paid for three cover illustrations submitted on Jan. 20, 2024? A．$ 80. B．$ 110. C．$ 150. D．$ 240. B Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13, and she is confident and loves learning. Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens, in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit. Every year, Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher-citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal, and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged (利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally: Being Human and the History of Humanity. We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080, what does it look like, who does it serve, and how does it transform our societies? 4．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A．There are different types of education. B．The present education needs improvements. C．Education and economy are closely associated. D．The goal of future education is fundamentally different. 5．What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to? A．It accepts students of all ages. B．It promotes competition. C．It discourages individualized learning. D．It is all about play-based learning. 6．What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Tough. B．Satisfactory. C．Optional. D．Required. 7．What is the suitable title for the text? A．An Example to All B．A Vision for Education C．A Challenge for Education D．A Journey into the Future C For decades linguists have argued over how children learn language. Some think that babies are born as “blank boards” who pick up language simply from experience — hearing, seeing and playing with the world. Others argue that experience is not enough and that babies’ brains must be hardwired to make acquiring language easy. AI models such as GPT-4 have done little to settle the debate. The way these models learn language — by collecting lots of text data from millions of web pages—is greatly different to the experiences of babies. A team of scientists at New York University examined the question by training an AI model on the experiences of a single baby. Between the ages of six and 25 months, a young child called Sam had a head-wearing camera for an hour a week-around one of his waking hours. The camera recorded everything he saw and heard while he played with toys, enjoyed days at the park and interacted with his pet cats. The recordings and audio were fed into an Al, which was set up to know that images and words that appeared at the same time were related, but was otherwise left to make sense of the mess of colors and speech that Sam experienced. Despite the limited training data, the AI was able to pick out objects and learn the matching words. The researchers tested the model by asking it to identify objects that Sam had seen before, such as a chair from his home or one of his toy balls. Given a list of four options the model picked the correct word 62 of the time, far above the chance level of 25%. To the researchers’ surprise, the model could also identify chairs and balls that Sam had never seen. The AI learned at least 40 different words, but it was far from matching Sam’s vocabulary and language abilities by the end of the experiment. The researchers recently argue in the journal Science that, to match words to objects, learning from experience may well be enough. Doubters, however, doubt that the AI would be able to learn abstract nouns or verbs, and question how similar the learning processes really are. The mystery of language acquisition lives on. 8．What does the underlined word “hardwired” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Organic. B．Average. C．Born. D．Reliable. 9．What are the findings of the research on AI models? A．AI models can understand babies’ speech. B．AI models can enrich their vocabulary by themselves. C．AI models can remember more objects but can’t pick them out. D．AI models can learn more words but can’t match babies’ abilities. 10．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Leaning from experience is far from enough. B．Language abilities of babies are born in nature. C．How the AI is developed proves easy for scientists. D．How the AI picks up the language remains unknown. 11．What is the author’s attitude towards the baby AI? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Subjective. D Animal and plant species are disappearing at frightening rates. The problem has led to efforts to “rewild” places where such life existed before human development, pollution and climate change forced it out. The American city of Detroit is an example of how human actions can increase rewilding, which generally means helping natural systems in damaged locations, removing dams or building tunnels to reconnect animal pathways cut by roads. Detroit’s population reached a high of 1.8 million in the 1950s. Then the population began dropping. By 2000, there were fewer than one million people living in the city. Thousands of houses and other buildings were left empty over the years. Some structures were destroyed, leaving empty areas that plants and animals regained as habitats. Nonprofit groups have also planted trees and community gardens in these areas. Anti-pollution laws and government-supported cleanups made nearby rivers better for fish and native plants. Now, Detroit is home to 300 bird species and is a busy visiting place for ducks and others during migration. Unlike most big cities, its population is decreasing but its streets and buildings remain in place. And there are many kinds of habitats, including large lakes, rivers and human neighborhoods. Detroit’s parklands are so quiet that people don’t even know they’re in the city. “It used to be that you had to go to some remote location to get exposure to nature,” said JohnHartig, a professor of University of Windsor. “Now that’s not the case. Like it or not, rewilding will occur. The question is how we can prepare communities and environments to embrace the presence of more and more wildlife. After all, many city people have lost their tolerance to live with wildlife. To really make a difference in dealing with the biodiversity crisis, you’re going to have to have people on board.” 12．What does the author want to tell us by the example of Detroit? A．It’s government-supported efforts that really matter. B．Humans’ efforts can make a difference in rewilding. C．Humans are to blame for the worsening environment. D．It’s hard for humans and wildlife to live in harmony. 13．What might have happened in Detroit at the beginning of 21st century? A．The city was overpopulated. B．More community gardens disappeared. C．Many buildings were abandoned. D．The environment was badly damaged. 14．What can we infer about current Detroit from the text? A．It is a big city crowded with tourists and bird species. B．Tourists don’t show any interest in its quiet surroundings. C．It’s become a center for those who study animals and plants. D．It’s turned into a place where people can get close to nature. 15．What does the underlined word “embrace” in the last paragraph mean? A．Accept. B．Delay. C．Imagine. D．Supervise. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Autonomy-supportive parenting is an approach that focuses on building a child’s sense of agency in the world as well as a strong sense of self. 16 We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults. Therefore, instead of pushing adults’ way of thinking on children, adults should let kids do their own critical thinking and solve problems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities. Guide kids to find their own solution As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently. 17 While one child may find it easy to start their homework independently, the other might not be a self-starter. So we push our kids to the next level by knowing their skill level and meeting them there. Let kids find their own fun 18 It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times. That’s a huge burden on us! Letting children find their own thing to do when boredom strikes allows them to become self-sufficient and use their imagination to find fun on their own. Being sympathetic doesn’t mean giving in Another characteristic of autonomy-supportive parenting is being open, curious, and flexible. Trusting children to be accountable to themselves (or acting like it) is the only way you will know if your child will be a responsible, independent adult. For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds. 19 Don’t forget to support yourself Once you grasp autonomy-supportive parenting, you’ll see opportunities to put it into practice. No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy. 20 If you get hard on yourself because you’re not measuring up, you’re more likely to return to the controlling practices. A．It may work. B．Our kids don’t know how to manage boredom. C．That can mean we have to support them in different ways. D．So forgive yourself if things don’t go right on a particular day. E．And they may not know yet, but it’s good for them to think about it. F．Some days are just going to be more autonomy-supportive than others. G．It’s trying to understand children’s experience of what’s going on right now. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A few years ago, I walked into Panera and placed my order. After I paid and filled my plastic cup with water, I walked further into the cafe. As I sat down, I 21 an older man eating his soup alone. The chair in his front was 22 : he wasn’t saving the seat. He was genuinely eating all alone. As this fact settled in, a feeling of sadness began to 23 me. Why was he eating alone? Was he lonely? This wasn’t the first time I’d felt 24 when spotting someone eating alone. I 25 assume they’re lonely and need someone to be there for them. For some reason, eating with others is the 26 . Modern society has evolved to the point 27 most people do almost every activity together. If we’re getting lunch after class, we’d rather 28 to see if someone will come with us. But is it possible we just don’t want to appear lonely? Many people are always 29 someone else, and that may make people think we always need someone with us to feel 30 about ourselves. But that’s not true. We can enjoy being alone— not everyone needs to be 31 surrounded by friends to be happy. And we shouldn’t be 32 to eat alone if that’s what we want to do. I don’t think I’ll ever not get sad if I see someone eating alone, but I’ll 33 in mind that maybe they just want a 34 from the world, or maybe they prefer it that way. It’s important to 35 seeing someone doing something alone doesn’t always mean they’re lonely. 21．A．recognized B．noticed C．examined D．disturbed 22．A．delicate B．unique C．valuable D．empty 23．A．respond to B．belong to C．reflect on D．wash over 24．A．sad B．desperate C．dizzy D．exited 25．A．precisely B．automatically C．cruelly D．selfishly 26．A．liberation B．misery C．norm D．solution 27．A．which B．where C．what D．when 28．A．break down B．leave behind C．get away D．ask around 29．A．against B．beyond C．around D．within 30．A．better B．prouder C．nobler D．gentler 31．A．constantly B．dynamically C．decently D．fortunately 32．A．blank B．determined C．delighted D．afraid 33．A．refresh B．keep C．absorb D．decide 34．A．guarantee B．reputation C．break D．reward 35．A．realize B．promote C．recall D．convey 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Lion Dance, a treasured art form in Guangdong province and among Southeast Asian Chinese communities, 36 (dominate) by men since it came into being in the Three Kingdoms Period, 37 an outstanding girls’ team, the Nanxing Hexingtang Women’s Lion Dance Team from Renhe town in Guangzhou, challenges this convention. This group of teenage girls has made their mark by creating unique elements such as special flags and banners 38 (label) “women’s team”, crafting pink and purple lion heads, and even designing 39 lion head inspired by a female general named Mu Guiying from Yue Opera. At the Maofeng Mountain competition before Spring Festival in Guangzhou, they amazed the audience 40 their performance “Tramping Over Mountains and Hills Step by Step”, 41 showed the lion leaping over benches, climbing ladders set up as mountains, falling, getting back up, and finally picking greens. This performance mirrored the personal growth journeys of the dancers 42 (they), as they too have faced and overcome numerous difficulties. Li Jiawen, 17, a team member acting the lion’s head, balanced her 43 (demand) schoolwork with training every Friday and Saturday evening. Immediately after the high school finals, she was the first to return to the team 44 (focus) on competition preparation. Her 45 (commit) and that of her teammates represent the spirit of perseverance (坚韧) and determination rooted in the Lion Dance tradition. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46．假如你是李华，你的外国好友Tom想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件向你征求意见。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由；2. 提出相关的学习建议；3. 你的祝愿 注意：1. 词数80左右2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We were driving across the big state of Texas on our way to California. Suddenly, our car coughed and then stopped. “Are we out of gas?” Mom asked. Dad nodded. Cotton fields lined both sides of the lonely highway as far as the eye could see. We hadn’t seen a car for a very long time, and we had passed the last town an hour before. “Don’t worry,” Dad said. “Someone will be along soon.” But he didn’t sound very sure about that. He got out and put the car’s hood (引擎盖) up, saying, “This will let them know we’re in trouble.” After an hour, we saw dust in the distance. A car was fast approaching going in the same direction as ours. Pleased, Dad jumped to his feet, waving his arms wildly. He smiled as the car got closer, yet the car just sounded its horn (喇叭) and rushed off. We were so upset and I felt scared. Dusk was approaching and we had been sitting for a couple of hours. Then we heard a small noise in the distance. It sounded like men singing at the top of their lungs. It got louder, and soon we saw a worn-out old truck driving slowly down the highway toward us. The whole truck seemed to float along surrounded by songs sung in Spanish. “Get in the car immediately,” Mom instructed me nervously. “Al, you’d better get in here, too. We can’t be too careful out here in the middle of nowhere.” Dad just stood by the car door, full of tension. The wooden-sided truck came to a stop right beside him. Mom and I held our breath. Would they hold us up? What would happen to us? We could be at their mercy. From their look, we knew they were farmers who often labored in the fields all day under the hot Texas sun. “Habla Español?” the driver stopped and called out his window at Dad. “What? I know little Spanish,” Dad shouted back, shaking his head. He wondered how to convey the message that we needed a ride to a gas station. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then Dad gestured and used some easy English words.________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The container soon got full, but how could we return to where our car stopped? ____________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高二英语试题 第8页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年度第二学期 第12周 高二英语第12周周测试题·参考答案及解析 1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年插画创意比赛的相关事宜。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each winner will receive a professionalized Award of Excellence, made from solid aluminum, and an award certificate. Communication Art’s Award of Excellence is one of the most desired awards. If chosen, winning places you in the highest ranks of your profession. (每位获奖者将获得由纯铝制成的专业优秀奖和获奖证书。传播艺术优秀奖是最令人向往的奖项之一。如果被选中，获胜将使你在你的职业中处于最高的地位。)”可知，比赛的获奖者可以在行业中处于最高级别，从而在行业中获得广泛认可。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Entries Can Be Submitted In The Following Formats”部分中的“Digital Images: RGB images in JPG format with a maximum file size of 2 MB. GIF images may be livelier, but would be turned down, and so would the PNG ones. (数字图像：JPG格式的RGB图像，文件最大为2 MB。GIF图片可能更生动，但会被拒绝，PNG图片也是如此)”可知，PNG图片格式的参赛作品是不符合比赛要求的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章Illustration Competition Categories & Entry Fees部分中的“Series of illustrations: Books (covers, jackets, etc.) : $ 80 (limit of 5) (系列插图：书籍（封面，护封等）：80美元（上限为5本）)”和最后一段“Entries must be registered no later than Jan. 13, 2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee of $10 each.(参赛作品必须在2024年1月13日前提交。在该日期之后提交的参赛作品将被收取费用：每件10元)”可知，在2024年1月20日提交的3本封面插图将收取费用：80美元+3×10美元=110美元。故选B。 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers.  In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.(直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages.(学校已经被不受年龄限制的“学习中心”所取代。)”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学生。故选A。 6．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Being Human and the History of Humanity(做人和人类历史)”可知，做人和人类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是“必修的”，和required意思相近，故选D。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举一个2080年儿童教育的例子。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是B选项“A Vision for Education(教育远景)”。故选B。 8．C 9．D 10．D 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项用AI研究婴儿语言习得的实验，发现AI能从婴儿经验中学习词汇，但无法与婴儿的能力相提并论。 8．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“For decades linguists have argued over how children learn language. Some think that babies are born as “blank boards” who pick up language simply from experience — hearing, seeing and playing with the world. Others argue that experience is not enough and that babies’ brains must be hardwired to make acquiring language easy.(几十年来，语言学家一直在争论儿童是如何学习语言的。有些人认为婴儿出生时就像一块“白板”，他们只是从经验中学习语言——听、看和与世界玩耍。另一些人则认为，经验是不够的，婴儿的大脑一定是……才能使学习语言变得容易。)”可知，根据“Some...Others”可知，这两种人的观点是不一致的，第一种人认为婴儿出生时就像一块“白板”，他们只是从经验中学习语言——听、看和与世界玩耍，即孩子学习语言是依靠外部环境的，则第二种人认为孩子学习语言是与生俱来的能力，则划线词意为“天生的”。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“To the researchers’ surprise, the model could also identify chairs and balls that Sam had never seen. The AI learned at least 40 different words, but it was far from matching Sam’s vocabulary and language abilities by the end of the experiment.(令研究人员惊讶的是，这个模型还能识别出山姆从未见过的椅子和球。人工智能学会了至少40个不同的单词，但在实验结束时，它的词汇量和语言能力还远远达不到山姆的水平。) ”可知，人工智能模型可以学习更多的单词，但无法与婴儿的能力相提并论。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The researchers recently argue in the journal Science that, to match words to objects, learning from experience may well be enough. Doubters, however, doubt that the AI would be able to learn abstract nouns or verbs, and question how similar the learning processes really are. The mystery of language acquisition lives on.(研究人员最近在《科学》杂志上提出，要将单词与物体匹配起来，从经验中学习可能就足够了。然而，怀疑者怀疑人工智能是否能够学习抽象的名词或动词，并质疑学习过程到底有多相似。语言习得的奥秘一直存在。)”可知，人工智能学习语言的过程仍然还有未知的东西需要去探索。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The researchers recently argue in the journal Science that, to match words to objects, learning from experience may well be enough. Doubters, however, doubt that the AI would be able to learn abstract nouns or verbs, and question how similar the learning processes really are. The mystery of language acquisition lives on.(研究人员最近在《科学》杂志上提出，要将单词与物体匹配起来，从经验中学习可能就足够了。然而，怀疑者怀疑人工智能是否能够学习抽象的名词或动词，并质疑学习过程到底有多相似。语言习得的奥秘一直存在。)”可知，人工智能学习语言的过程仍然还有未知的东西需要去探索，由此可知，作者客观地呈现了婴儿AI技术目前的现状，因此作者的态度是不明确的。故选C。 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了底特律市由过度开发造成环境破坏到再野生化的转变过程。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段“The American city of Detroit is an example of how human actions can increase rewilding,(美国城市底特律是人类活动如何促进野生化的一个例子)”以及第二段和第三段的内容可知，底特律城市由过度开发转变为再野生化，这表明人类的努力可以在野生化过程中发挥作用。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thousands of houses and other buildings were left empty over the years.(多年来，成千上万的房屋和其他建筑物空置)”可知，21世纪初的底特律许多建筑物都荒废了。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段““It used to be that you had to go to some remote location to get exposure to nature,” said John Hartig, a professor of University of Windsor. “Now that’s not the case. Like it or not, rewilding will occur.(“过去，你必须去一些偏远的地方才能接触大自然，”温莎大学（University of Windsor）教授John Hartig说。“现在情况就不一样了。不管你喜不喜欢，野化就在发生。)”可知，现在底特律已经成为了人们亲近大自然的地方。故选D。 15．词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“the presence of more and more wildlife.(越来越多的野生动物出现了)”以及“After all, many city people have lost their tolerance to live with wildlife.(毕竟，许多城里人已经失去了与野生动物共处的忍耐力。)”可知，之前的底特律市环境遭到破坏，人们看不到野生动物，而现在越来越多的野生动物出现了；“The question is how we can prepare communities and environments to embrace the presence of more and more wildlife.(问题是我们如何让社区和环境做好准备，embrace越来越多的野生动物。)”指的是，现在面临的问题是如何让社区和环境做好准备，来接受越来越多的野生动物的造访。划线单词“embrace”意为“接受”。故选A项。 16．G 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍使用自主支持型养育方法时需要注意的四个方面。 16．根据下文“We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults.”（ 我们应该认识到，儿童的观点和经历与成人不同。）可知，空处承接下文说的是要理解孩子。故G选项“图理解孩子们对正在发生的事情的体验”切题。故选G项。 17．根据上文“As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently.”（ 任何有不止一个孩子的父母都会告诉你，孩子们的发展是不同的）可知，空处与上文为因果关系。故C选项“这可能意味着我们必须以不同的方式支持他们”切题，说明了家长应该怎么做。故选C项。 18．根据下文“It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times.”（ 这对孩子来说是一种伤害，而且需要父母随时成为他们的巡航指挥）可知，孩子们不知道如何应对无聊，所以带来了伤害。故B选项“我们的孩子不知道如何应对无聊”切题。故选B项。 19．根据上文“For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds.”（ 如果你问你的孩子什么时候是做家庭作业的最佳时间，并且他们告诉你是在早上上学前，那你就支持他们，让他们试一试，无论这听起来多么奇怪）可知，空处说明产生的效果。故A选项“这可能会奏效”切题。故选A项。 20．根据“Don’t forget to support yourself”（ 别忘了支持自己）以及“No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy.”（ 管你的孩子多大，采用这种方式并不容易）可知，如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己。故D选项“如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己”切题。故选D项。 21．B 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者看到一个人老人独自吃饭感到悲伤，但作者也意识到我们可以享受独处——并不是每个人都需要经常被朋友包围才能快乐。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐下时，我注意到一个老人独自在喝汤。A. recognized识别；B. noticed注意到；C. examined检查；D. disturbed打扰。根据后文“an older man eating his soup alone”指作者注意到老人独自喝汤。故选B。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他前面的椅子是空的，他不是在占座位。A. delicate脆弱的；B. unique独特的；C. valuable宝贵的；D. empty空的。根据上文“an older man eating his soup alone”可知，老人是独自一个人，前面的椅子是空的。故选D。 23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我明白了这个事实，一种悲伤的感觉开始席卷我。A. respond to回应；B. belong to属于；C. reflect on反思；D. wash over席卷。根据后文“Why was he eating alone? Was he lonely?( 他为什么一个人吃饭？他孤独吗？)”指一种悲伤的感觉开始席卷作者。故选D。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这不是我第一次看到有人独自吃饭时感到难过。A. sad悲伤的；B. desperate绝望的；C. dizzy晕眩的；D. exited激动的。根据上文“a feeling of sadness began to”可知，作者看到有人独自吃饭感到难过。故选A。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自然而然地认为他们很孤独，需要有人在他们身边。A. precisely精确地；B. automatically自动地；C. cruelly残酷地；D. selfishly自私地。根据后文“assume they’re lonely and need someone to be there for them”可知，看到有人独自吃然就自然而然地认为他们很孤独，需要有人在他们身边。故选B。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于某种原因，和别人一起吃饭是一种常态。A. liberation解放；B. misery痛苦；C. norm社会准则，常态；D. solution解决方案。根据上文看到有人独自吃饭就自然而然地认为他们很孤独，需要有人在他们身边，说明和别人一起吃饭才是常态。故选C。 27．考查从属连词词义辨析。句意：现代社会已经发展到大多数人几乎每件事都在一起做的地步。A. which哪一个；B. where在哪里；C. what什么；D. when当……时候。此处为定语从句修饰先行词point，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故选B。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们下课后吃午饭，我们宁愿问问周围是否有人会和我们一起去。A. break down出故障；B. leave behind遗留；C. get away离开；D. ask around打听。根据后文“to see if someone will come with us”指询问周围是否有人会一起去吃饭。故选D。 29．考查介词词义辨析。句意：许多人总是和别人在一起，这可能会让人们认为我们总是需要有人和我们在一起来感觉更好。A. against反对；B. beyond超过；C. around围绕；D. within在……内。根据后文“someone else, and that may make people think we always need someone with us to feel”可知，许多人总是和别人在一起，这可能会让人们认为我们总是需要有人和我们在一起来感觉更好。故选C。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人总是和别人在一起，这可能会让人们认为我们总是需要有人和我们在一起来感觉更好。A. better更好的；B. prouder更骄傲的；C. nobler更高贵的；D. gentler更温和的。结合上文看到有人独自吃饭感到悲伤，可知和别人在一起会感觉更好。故选A。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们可以享受独处——并不是每个人都需要经常被朋友包围才能快乐。A. constantly持续地；B. dynamically动态地；C. decently合适地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据上文“We can enjoy being alone”以及后文“surrounded by friends to be happy”指并不是每个人都需要经常被朋友包围才能快乐，可以享受独处。故选A。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我们想一个人吃饭，我们不应该害怕。A. blank空白的；B. determined坚定的；C. delighted高兴的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“to eat alone if that’s what we want to do”以及上文提到享受独处，可知如果我们想一个人吃饭，我们不应该害怕。故选D。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想如果我看到有人一个人吃饭，我是不会不难过的，但是我会记住，也许他们只是想暂时离开这个世界，或者他们更喜欢这样。A. refresh使恢复精神；B. keep保持；C. absorb吸收；D. decide决定。根据后文“in mind that maybe they just want a”可知为短语keep in mind表示“记住”。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想如果我看到有人一个人吃饭，我是不会不难过的，但是我会记住，也许他们只是想暂时离开这个世界，或者他们更喜欢这样。A. guarantee保证；B. reputation名誉；C. break暂时离开；D. reward奖励。根据上文“I see someone eating alone”可知，有人一个人吃饭，是想暂时离开这个世界一会儿，自己静一静，故选C。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要意识到看到某人独自做某事并不总是意味着他们孤独。A. realize意识到；B. promote促进；C. recall回忆起；D. convey表达。根据后文“seeing someone doing something alone doesn’t always mean they’re lonely”可知，作者认为要意识到看到某人独自做某事并不总是意味着他们孤独。故选A。 36．has been dominated 37．but/yet 38．labeled/labelled 39．a 40．with/by 41．which 42．themselves 43．demanding 44．to focus 45．commitment 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了舞狮的起源以及习俗活动。 36．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：舞狮是广东省和东南亚华人社区的一种珍贵艺术形式，自三国时期诞生以来，一直以男性为主，但来自广州人和镇的南兴合兴堂女子舞狮队却挑战了这一传统。主语The Lion Dance与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文“since it came into being in the Three Kingdoms Period”可知，为现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been dominated。 37．考查连词。句意：舞狮是广东省和东南亚华人社区的一种珍贵艺术形式，自三国时期诞生以来，一直以男性为主，但来自广州人和镇的南兴合兴堂女子舞狮队却挑战了这一传统。结合前后文语境可知，为转折关系，应用连词but或yet。故填but/yet。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：这群十几岁的女孩创造了一些独特的元素，比如标记为“女队”的特殊旗帜和横幅，制作粉红色和紫色的狮头，甚至设计了一个狮头，灵感来自越剧中的女将军穆桂英。分析句子结构可知，label与逻辑主语flags and banners构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填labeled/labelled。 39．考查冠词。句意：这群十几岁的女孩创造了一些独特的元素，比如标记为“女队”的特殊旗帜和横幅，制作粉红色和紫色的狮头，甚至设计了一个狮头，灵感来自越剧中的女将军穆桂英。此处head为泛指，且lion是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 40．考查介词。句意：在广州春节前的帽峰山比赛中，她们表演了“翻山越岭”，让观众惊叹不已。在表演中，狮子跳过长凳，爬上山梯，摔倒，爬起来，最后采摘绿叶。短语amaze sb. with/by表示“通过……惊叹某人”。故填with/by。 41．考查定语从句。句意：在广州春节前的帽峰山比赛中，她们表演了“翻山越岭”，让观众惊叹不已。在表演中，狮子跳过长凳，爬上山梯，摔倒，爬起来，最后采摘绿叶。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词performance，先行词在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 42．考查代词。句意：这场表演反映了舞者们自己的成长历程，因为她们也面临并克服了无数的困难。此处指dancer“他们自己”，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 43．考查形容词。句意：17岁的李嘉雯是扮演狮子头的队员，每周五和周六晚上，她都要在繁重的课业和训练之间取得平衡。修饰名词schoolwork应用形容词demanding，意为“繁重的”。故填demanding。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：高中期末考试一结束，她就第一个回到队里，集中精力备战比赛。此处focus在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to focus。 45．考查名词。句意：她和她的队友的承诺代表了根植于舞狮传统的毅力和决心。作主语，应用名词commitment，意为“承诺”。故填commitment。 46．Dear Tom, Knowing that you have a great passion for learning a traditional Chinese art, I’m overjoyed to recommend that you explore Chinese calligraphy. As we know, Chinese calligraphy is more than a form of visual art, which integrates beauty and strength with technique perfectly. Exposure to it is an effective approach to cultivating your patience and deepening your insight into Chinese traditional culture. To learn it well, it’s essential to get all the stationery needed ready and then imitate the strokes of noted calligraphers attentively. Furthermore, enrolling in an online course is a sensible option to study it systematically. Hopefully, you will find joy and make steady progress in this journey of learning Chinese calligraphy. Best regards. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你的外国好友Tom想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件向你征求意见，要求考生他回一封邮件推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由，提出相关的学习建议和你的祝愿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：overjoyed→delighted 方法：approach→way 重要的：essential→important 另外：furthermore→in addition 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Exposure to it is an effective approach to cultivating your patience and deepening your insight into Chinese traditional culture. 拓展句：Exposure to Chinese calligraphy, which integrates beauty and strength with technique perfectly, is an effective approach to cultivating your patience and deepening your insight into Chinese traditional culture. 【点睛】[高分句型1]As we know, Chinese calligraphy is more than a form of visual art, which integrates beauty and strength with technique perfectly.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Knowing that you have a great passion for learning a traditional Chinese art, I’m overjoyed to recommend that you explore Chinese calligraphy.(that引导的宾语从句) 47．One possible version: Then Dad gestured and used some easy English words. The farmers seemed to understand and Dad took a container out of our car. The next thing I knew was that Mom and I were sitting inside the truck next to the driver, and Dad was in the back with another two men. They sang us songs all the way to the nearest town and pulled into a gas station. We got off. Dad thanked them and offered to give them some money, but they all laughed and refused without hesitation. Dad then followed a worker to fill the container. The container soon got full, but how could we return to where our car stopped? It was at that moment that Dad heard the truck driver say something to him. Dad showed a puzzled look. Soon, the worker who knew Spanish laughed, “It’s dark. They want to make sure you get back to your car safely, so they offer to drive you back.” When we arrived, we expressed our gratitude for their kindness and waved goodbye to them. Then, they drove away into the night, singing merrily. This was really a memorable trip for my family, from which we learned a valuable lesson — there are good souls everywhere, even if they come disguised in a worn-out truck. 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。作者一家在驾车的路上发现汽油用光了，他们只能停在路边等待路过的人能够帮忙，漫长的等待后一辆破旧的卡车驶来，里面男人们扯着嗓子在唱歌，这让作者一家心生警惕，但是卡车里人们非常热心地帮忙，带他们去加油站买到了汽油并主动把他们送回到停车的地方，这次经历让作者一家明白到处都会有好心人。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后爸爸做了个手势，用了一些简单的英语单词。”可知，第一段可描写农民们愉快地将作者一家带去了加油站，爸爸成功买到了汽油。 ②由第二段首句内容“天快黑了，我们想陪他回家。”可知，第二段可描写农民们主动提出载作者一家回到他们停车的地方，这让他们非常感动。 2.续写线索：搭载——到加油站——感谢——提出帮忙——再次感谢——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.表达：express/convey/voice ②.拒绝：refuse/turn down/decline ③.确保：make sure/make certain/ensure 情绪类 ①.感谢：gratitude/appreciation ②.愉快地：merrily/agreeably/agreeably 【点睛】[高分句型1] This was really a memorable trip for my family, from which we learned a valuable lesson — there are good souls everywhere, even if they come disguised in a worn-out truck. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It was at that moment that Dad heard the truck driver say something to him. (运用了强调句) 高二英语试题 第3页（共6页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$