山东省德州市第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第11周周测英语试题

2023-2024学年度第二学期 第11周 高二英语第11周周测 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Picking a smartwatch isn’t as simple as buying the best-looking or most feature- packed one you can find. To make things easier for you, I tested nearly every flagship smartwatch available over the course of four months to make sure I wasn’t leaving any stone unturned. Here are some of my best picks. Apple Watch Series 9 GPS The Series 9 came out in September. I’ve been using it for several months, and the experience is nearly identical to last year's Series 8, but it has some minor improvements that’ll help it stand the test of time a bit longer. It has double brightness of Series 8, new gesture- based controls that don’ t require you to touch the screen, and Siri commands are now processed right on the device rather than sent to the cloud. Garmin Venu 2 Plus If you’re not sure whether you can commit to Android or iOS for more than a year or two, or you like to lean heavily into the fitness aspect of wearables, get Garmin’s Venu 2 Plus. Its fitness tracking is hard to beat, with options for cardio, HIIT, yoga, Pilates, golfing, cycling, and swimming, plus all the basics for health tracking. Apple Watch Ultra 2 Compared with the Series 9, the Ultra 2 has bigger screen, longer battery life, more durable design, and additional Action Button for quickly triggering workouts. However, I don’t think the price point merits a best-in-class designation. The Ultra 2 has an Action Button on the left side of the display. You can program it to quickly start a workout, timer, the watch’s flashlight mode, or run a custom Shortcut automation. The Series 9 is still an excellent option for most smartwatch users, but the Ultra 2’s additional adjustments make it worthwhile for anyone who truly swears by getting things done on their wrist. 1．What advantage does the Apple Watch Series 9 have over the Series 8? A．Lower Price. B．Brighter display. C．Longer battery life. D．Larger cloud storage. 2．Which smartwatch model is praised for its fitness tracking capabilities? A．Garmin Venu 2 Plus. B．Apple Watch Ultra 2. C．Apple Watch Series 8. D．Apple Watch Series 9 GPS. 3．What function can be triggered by the Action Button on the Ultra 2? A．Checking heart rate. B．Adjusting weather settings. C．Changing watch faces. D．Starting flashlight mode. B It was July 15, 2021, and my friends had helped me celebrate my 31st birthday in the basement apartment of my sister’s home, where I lived. Earlier in the day I had prepared for the unlikely event of a flood. We are about a third of a mile from the banks of the Ahr River. It had been raining that week, and authorities had issued a flood warning, though not for where I was. Still, I’d placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door and piled clothing on tables. Before my friends left, they laughed at me for doing that, but I thought, “Why take a chance?” As I went to sleep, I was awakened by the sound of rushing water. When I swung my legs off the bed, I was shocked by the sensation of cold-water lapping against my knees and rising fast. The Ahr River had violently burst its banks. And I had to get out fast! The water was now up to my waist. I started to wade to my only escape: the door that leads upstairs to the rest of the house. Finally, I made it to the door. I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough to squeeze through and make it into the hallway. I leaped onto the stairs and ran to the third floor. The river had drowned the neighborhood. What was once a lovely, cozy street was now a waterscape. More than 180 people died, and parts of villages were entirely washed away. Many of the houses around us were destroyed. Not everyone got out. I came close to drowning that day. But rather than dwell on that, I prefer to recall what my mother told me afterward, “Christian, don’t remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day you survived.” 4．What does the underlined word “that” refer to? A．Celebrating a birthday. B．Managing the garden. C．Warning friends of a flood. D．Preparing for the flood. 5．Why did the author try to open the door? A．To let the water out. B．To keep things being swept away. C．To reduce the flow of water. D．To escape to the upstairs. 6．What is the main idea of the fifth paragraph about the flood? A．Its cause. B．Its damage. C．Its scale. D．Its process. 7．Why did the author quote his mother’s words? A．To show his hope for the future. B．To indicate the loss of everything. C．To highlight the power of flooding. D．To stress the role of good luck. C In June a massive “heat dome” baked the famously temperate Pacific Northwest, subjecting parts of Washington State, Oregon and western Canada to extreme temperatures. It is virtually impossible that heat waves like this would have occurred without climate change. Scientists estimate it was a one-in-1,000-year event. “And that’s an ‘at least,’ ” says Kristie. L. Ebi. “It could be more rare than that.” If warming reaches two degrees Cabove preindustrial levels — the threshold (阈值) that most national governments have agreed to try to avoid in hopes of reducing climate change impacts, “that event could occur every five to 10 years,” Ebi says. “In an average year in the U.S., heat kills more people than any other type of extreme weather,” says Kristina Dahl, a climate scientist. Hundreds of people died in the recent Pacific Northwest heat wave, according to estimates: there were at least 486 deaths in British Columbia, 116 in Oregon and 78 in Washington. A recent U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report found there were more than 3,500 emergency department visits for heat-related illness this past May and June in a region that includes Oregon and Washington State. The human body functions best at 98.6 degrees F (37 degrees C). The body has mechanisms to rid itself of excess heat, most notably sweating. But at a certain point, that fails to work, causing loss of consciousness. People can eventually acclimatize to some level of heat. If you live in a hot climate or work in hot conditions for a period of weeks or months, your body becomes more efficient at sweating and cooling itself down. This process takes time, however. As the planet warms, heat waves like these this year are becoming frighteningly common and catching climate scientists off guard. “Even a lot of our climate models that project out how frequent extreme heat will be in the future wouldn’t have necessarily predicted this level of heat for that part of the country,” Kristina Dahl says. “But then to realize that I am seeing it in my lifetime, and living it right now, is really terrifying.” 8．What does Ebi’s saying imply in Paragraph 1? A．Heat dome has affected at least three regions. B．Temperature reaches the threshold immediately. C．Heat waves affect the Pacific Northwest greatly. D．Severe weather could become frighteningly common. 9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Many areas are badly affected by heat waves. B．Heat waves pose a major risk to public health. C．More people died of illnesses in this summer. D．Latest news on heat waves are widely reported. 10．What does the underlined word “acclimatize” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Adapt. B．Settle. C．Respond. D．Object. 11．According to Kristina Dahl, the extreme heat ________. A．ruins his normal daily life. B．gets scientists prepared to it. C．fails to be accurately forecast. D．should be examined frequently. D In today’s digital age, where a vast ocean of information is just a click away, the question arises: can one learn too much? Given that no individual can grasp the entirety of human knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information. Consider a situation where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding weakens. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. The comparison with a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually mastered. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions. 12．What stops people from achieving the goal? A．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. B．The inability to find relevant information. C．The confusion caused by the information. D．The desire to learn basic concept or strategy. 13．What does the author try to advocate in paragraph 3&4? A．Sticking to continuous learning B．Taking practical action without delay. C．Gaining as much knowledge as possible. D．Prioritizing theoretical knowledge in study. 14．Why is the example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．To compare different learning styles. B．To show the importance of making mistakes. C．To emphasize the need for parental guidance. D．To illustrate learning through action and experience. 15．What makes the best title for the passage? A．The Harmony of Learning and Doing. B．The Process of Accessing Information. C．The Pursuit of Advanced Knowledge. D．The significance of Hands-on Experience. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Maximalism, as a design aesthetic (审美), is rooted in cultural shifts throughout history. In the mid-20th century, minimalism dominated social aesthetic, which laid great emphasis on the idea of less was more. In the late 1960s, postmodernism challenged the ideas of minimalism and embraced a more playful approach to design. 16 During the 1980s, maximalism reached its peak and continued to evolve in the following decades. Today, maximalism has become a noticeable design style characterized by celebrating individuality, embracing the unexpected, and creating stunning and expressive spaces. 17 They hold that maximalism can make homes blossom into spaces that radiate with warmth and joy, and reflect the personalities and tastes of everyone in the house. 18 Even hallways can be turned into gallery-like spaces with unique art collections, vibrant wall coverings that enhance visual impact. Mirrors, if strategically placed, can add to the pleasant feel of a space that could otherwise be a boring passage. The living room unfolds with patterns and decor items, creating a dynamic and cozy atmosphere which is all about individuality and comfort. 19 A combination of decoration items such as sculptures, vases, and books are also on display. Breaking free from regular kitchen aesthetics, maximalism transforms kitchens into exciting and inspiring environments. Using unexpected kitchen lighting options can add some home atmosphere. 20 As an interior (室内的) stylist, I encourage you to get the best from your home and the possessions you already have by displaying what you love most. This will spark joy everywhere you look, and this concept is at the heart of maximalism. A．Delicate table lamps may work well. B．Your home should be a celebration of all you are. C．Many interior designers are advocates of maximalism. D．Maximalism breathes life into often-overlooked corners. E．You can find a variety of ways to bring it into your home, too. F．Maximalism emerged as a reaction against the idea of simplicity. G．There is a mix of different patterns through throw pillows and curtains. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As the saying goes, “Interest is the seed of everything”. Since childhood, Cantero had been living with football that had a 21 effect on her. She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to 22 the two things. Lili Cantero prepared a new colorful show of her works to take to the World Cup in Qatar. The 29-year-old artist was famous for 23 soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs. Many of them were 24 by the Middle Eastern nation, Qatar, and especially its capital Doha brought her lots of 25 ideas. The city welcomed national teams from the world to 26 in the World Cup. Cantero 27 sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with black and white image of the 28 and his family. She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But 29 , she received a photo of Messi holding them. That marked a turning point in her 30 . Then her colorful designs 31 other stars. She even met a famous former Brazilian star and gave him a pair of 32 and a football showing a kiss his mother had given him after winning an award in 2005. In Qatar, Cantero planned to show eight footballs with designs that showed her 33 for eight countries winning the World Cup, thinking that they were 34 of the admiration of all. Finally, the footballs were the centerpiece of the World Cup exhibition, while the boots were presented within three-dimensional 35 looking like the stadiums that Qatar built for the World Cup. 21．A．slight B．limited C．significant D．temporary 22．A．compare B．explain C．investigate D．connect 23．A．making B．painting C．purchasing D．donating 24．A．inspired B．checked C．sponsored D．arranged 25．A．narrow B．conventional C．novel D．literary 26．A．turn B．compete C．speak D．explore 27．A．still B．never C．often D．ever 28．A．artist B．judge C．player D．photographer 29．A．in surprise B．in vain C．on time D．on hand 30．A．plan B．career C．team D．stadium 31．A．confused B．hurt C．changed D．drew 32．A．sweaters B．glasses C．boots D．socks 33．A．respect B．insurance C．debt D．cost 34．A．aware B．worthy C．ignorant D．suspicious 35．A．maps B．rocks C．movements D．structures 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ancient Chinese paintings can be traced back to as early as 5, 000 to 6, 000 years ago, 36 people began to use minerals to draw simple pictures, such as animals, plants, and even human beings, on rocks. They also produced drawings of 37 (amaze) designs and decorations on the surface of containers. However, only a few of the works 38 (survive) so far. The earliest drawings that have been preserved till today were produced on paper and silk, which were burial articles with 39 history of over 2, 000 years. Chinese paintings fall into several categories, such as figure paintings, landscapes, and flower-and-bird paintings. European paintings, 40 (introduce) into China in 17th century, were called “Western paintings”, and the 41 (tradition) local works, “the Chinese paintings”. As the representative of Eastern paintings, Chinese paintings 42 (great) differ from the Western paintings in terms 43   contents, forms, and styles. Chinese paintings can be divided into two styles: colored paintings and water-ink paintings. Colored paintings pay close attention to 44 (detail) and fine brushwork. On the contrary, water-ink paintings are supposed to pursue spiritual likeness, instead of 45 (attach) much importance to the realistic subjects. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华，上周六你校组织高二年级学生参加了8公里远足活动。请你给校英文报写一篇报道， 内容包括： 1.活动介绍； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯； 3.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 An eight-kilometer hike ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 People think being a delivery person is easy, but it’s more complex than anyone can imagine. Although Harry always did his best, he was not able to afford a car. He used his motorbike to deliver orders and usually it was convenient except for severe weather conditions. One day, he was trying to get off the highway when he saw an old beggar trying to cross the road. He was weak and looked cold in his dirty jacket. The honks (鸣笛) of cars echoed as they passed him, and the man backed away with fear. If that kept going, someone would run over the man, so Harry stopped to help him cross. Harry grabbed the man’s arm to guide him and started leading him through it. Luckily, they reached the other side after a few minutes, and the old beggar smiled brightly at him. “Thank you so much, young man. I can’t believe I finally crossed. Can you tell me your address? I want to send a thank-you gift.” the older man said, reaching for Harry. “Oh, that’s not necessary.” Harry said and straightened his motorbike to get back on it. “Please. I couldn’t live with myself if I didn’t repay this kind gesture,” he insisted, and Harry nodded, telling him his address. Still, he didn’t expect anything from this poor older man. “Thank you again!” the senior beggar waved as Harry rolled away to continue working. Harry lived in a nice neighborhood but because the pandemic cost him his job, and now food delivery was his entire livelihood. Some days he had to work 18 hours to make ends meet. He was his children’s only parent because his wife had abandoned them long ago, and Harry was determined to build a promising future for them, even if he didn’t have a car to make those deliveries properly. He was saving for that. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, he found a brand new car in his garage the following day.______________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ The sincerity in the old man’s face couldn’t be denied._________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【高二英语试题 共8页】第6页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2023-2024学年度第二学期 第11周 高二英语第11周周测·参考答案及解析 1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了市面上的三种智能手表。 1．细节理解题。根据文章Apple Watch Series 9 GPS部分“It has double brightness of Series 8(它的亮度是 Series 8 的两倍)”可知，Apple Watch Series 9 相较于 Series 8 具有更明亮的显示屏。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Garmin Venu 2 Plus部分“Its fitness tracking is hard to beat, with options for cardio, HIIT, yoga, Pilates, golfing, cycling, and swimming, plus all the basics for health tracking.(其健身追踪功能难以匹敌，提供了有氧运动、HIIT、瑜伽、普拉提、高尔夫、骑行、游泳等多种运动选项，以及所有基本的健康监测功能)”可知，Garmin Venu 2 Plus 因其出色的健身追踪功能而受到好评。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章Apple Watch Ultra 2部分“The Ultra 2 has an Action Button on the left side of the display. You can program it to quickly start a workout, timer, the watch’s flashlight mode, or run a custom Shortcut automation.(Ultra 2 在显示屏的左侧配备了一个行动按钮。您可以将其设置为快速启动锻炼、计时器、手表的手电筒模式或运行自定义快捷自动化)”可知，可以通过Ultra上的行动按钮开启手电筒模式。故选D。 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次脱险经历。由于连下大雨，使得河流决堤，爆发了洪水，殃及到作者所居住的区域。尽管作者提前做好了“抗洪”准备，但是，洪水的破坏力还是使得作者的家，以及该区域一片狼藉。幸运的是，作者逃生并幸存了下来。 4．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Earlier in the day I had prepared for the unlikely event of a flood.(那天早些时候，我已经为不太可能发生的洪水做了准备)”和“Still, I’d placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door and piled clothing on tables. Before my friends left, they laughed at me for doing that, but I thought, “Why take a chance?”(尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，把衣服堆在桌子上。在我的朋友们离开之前，他们嘲笑我这么做，但我想，“为什么要冒这个险？”)”可知，that指代上文提到的作者为洪水做准备。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段的“I started to wade to my only escape: the door that leads upstairs to the rest of the house. Finally, I made it to the door. I managed to make a gap of about a foot, just wide enough to squeeze through and make it into the hallway. I leaped onto the stairs and ran to the third floor.(我开始涉水走向唯一的逃生之路：通往楼上房间的那扇门。最后，我走到门口。我设法弄出一个大约一英尺的缺口，刚好能挤进去，进入走廊。我跳上楼梯，跑到三楼)”可知，作者努力开门是为逃出去上楼。故选D。 6．主旨大意题。根据第五段内容“The river had drowned the neighborhood. What was once a lovely, cozy street was now a waterscape. More than 180 people died, and parts of villages were entirely washed away. Many of the houses around us were destroyed. Not everyone got out.(河水淹没了附近的居民。这曾经是一条可爱、舒适的街道，现在成了一道水景。超过180人死亡，部分村庄被完全冲走。我们周围的许多房屋都被摧毁了。并不是所有人都逃了出来)”可知，本段讲述了洪水造成的损失。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I came close to drowning that day. But rather than dwell on that, I prefer to recall what my mother told me afterward, “Christian, don’t remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day you survived.”(那天我差点就淹死了。但与其纠结于此，我更愿意回忆母亲后来对我说的话：“克里斯蒂安，不要记得你失去一切的那一天。记住你活下来的那一天。”)”可推知，作者差点被淹死，但是想起妈妈说的话，对未来又充满了希望。故选A。 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了气候变化导致了致命的极端高温，出乎科学家意料，威胁公众健康。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“If warming reaches two degrees Cabove preindustrial levels — the threshold (阈值) that most national governments have agreed to try to avoid in hopes of reducing climate change impacts, “that event could occur every five to 10 years,” Ebi says.(Ebi说，如果变暖达到工业化前的2摄氏度——大多数国家政府都同意尽量避免这一阈值，以期减少气候变化的影响，“这一事件可能每5到10年发生一次。”)”可知，由Ebi的话可推知，这种恶劣的天气可能每5到10年发生一次，会变得非常普遍。故选D。 9．主旨大意题。根据第二段““In an average year in the U.S., heat kills more people than any other type of extreme weather,” says Kristina Dahl, a climate scientist. Hundreds of people died in the recent Pacific Northwest heat wave, according to estimates: there were at least 486 deaths in British Columbia, 116 in Oregon and 78 in Washington. A recent U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report found there were more than 3,500 emergency department visits for heat-related illness this past May and June in a region that includes Oregon and Washington State.(气候科学家Kristina Dahl说：“在美国，平均每年，高温导致的死亡人数比任何其他类型的极端天气都多。”。据估计，最近太平洋西北部的热浪导致数百人死亡：不列颠哥伦比亚省至少有486人死亡，俄勒冈州116人死亡，华盛顿州78人死亡。美国疾病控制和预防中心最近的一份报告发现，今年5月和6月，包括俄勒冈州和华盛顿州在内的一个地区有3500多人因高温相关疾病前往急诊科就诊)”可知，本段主要介绍了高温天气导致人们死亡，对公众健康造成重大威胁。故选B。 10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“People can eventually acclimatize to some level of heat. If you live in a hot climate or work in hot conditions for a period of weeks or months, your body becomes more efficient at sweating and cooling itself down.(人们最终可以acclimatize一定程度的高温。如果你在炎热的气候中生活或在炎热的条件下工作数周或数月，你的身体会更有效地出汗和降温)”可知，工作一段时间后，人们的身体可以更有效地出汗和降温，即人们最终可以适应一定程度的高温，划线单词表示“适应”，与adapt意义相近。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段““Even a lot of our climate models that project out how frequent extreme heat will be in the future wouldn’t have necessarily predicted this level of heat for that part of the country,” Kristina Dahl says.(Kristina Dahl说：“即使我们的许多气候模型预测了未来极端高温的频率，也不一定能预测出该地区的高温水平。”)”可知，根据Kristina Dahl的说法，极端高温还不能准确预测。故选C。 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。在数字时代，过量的信息会造成学习停滞的问题，因此，在学习过程中，实践经验能帮助我们更全面的理解学习的知识，从而实现目标。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, there exists a phenomenon where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information.(然而，有一种现象是，过度学习可能导致无所作为，一种被太多信息淹没的状态。)”可知，数字时代给学习提供太多的信息，这些信息给人们带来困惑，由此可知，是这些信息带来的困惑阻止了人们达到学习的目标。故选C项。 13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs practical application. (这种情况是一个常见的陷阱:无休止地追求更多的信息。虽然获得全面的知识是有价值的，也就是说，学习很多知识并没有错，但当这种追求阻碍了实际应用时，问题就出现了。)”可知，作者认为学习很多知识并没有错，但当这种追求阻碍了实际应用时，就出现了问题，结合第四段中的“An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing.(实现目标的另一种更有效的方法是在学习和实践之间取得平衡。)”可知，在学习与实践之间要寻求一种平衡，由此可推断，作者是建议人们要立刻采取实际行动。故选B项。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot.(这通常是最好的学习方式，因为实践经验提供了理论知识无法提供的见解。)”可知，学习的最好方法是通过实践去积累经验，结合第五段“A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually mastered. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals.(婴儿不是通过坐着和分析走路的过程来学习走路的。相反，它通过尝试走路和摔倒来学习，然后从每次跌倒中了解什么有用，什么没用。通过反复的努力，最终学会了走路。这种方法也适用于目标实现。通过参与行动，从结果中学习，并做出相应的调整，你会逐渐接近你的目标)”可知，婴儿是通过不断的实践学习走路，在行动中不断地积累经验，由此可知，第五段通过“婴儿学习走路”的例子来解释通过行动和经验来学习这个观点。故选D项。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章全文，尤其是最后一段“In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations.(总之，虽然追求知识是有价值的，但重要的是不要让它成为行动的障碍。学习应该是行动的垫脚石，而不是目的本身。只有通过收集知识和应用知识的相互作用，我们才能真正朝着我们的愿望前进。)”可知，在追求知识价值时，不能将其称为行动的障碍，由此可知，本文介绍在学习过程中，应将信息和实践相结合，这样能更好地实现目标，所以题目“学与做的和谐”与本文主旨相符。故选A项。 16．F 17．C 18．D 19．G 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了极繁主义的概念以及如何应用。 16．根据上文“Maximalism, as a design aesthetic (审美), is rooted in cultural shifts throughout history. In the mid-20th century, minimalism dominated social aesthetic, which laid great emphasis on the idea of less was more. In the late 1960s, postmodernism challenged the ideas of minimalism and embraced a more playful approach to design.(极繁主义作为一种设计美学，植根于历史上的文化变迁。20世纪中期，极简主义主导了社会美学，强调“少即是多”。在20世纪60年代后期，后现代主义挑战了极简主义的思想，并采用了一种更有趣的设计方法)”以及后文“During the 1980s, maximalism reached its peak and continued to evolve in the following decades.(在20世纪80年代，极繁主义达到了顶峰，并在接下来的几十年里继续发展)”可知，后文提到了极繁主义达到顶峰，可知本句是在说明极繁主义的出现，故F选项“极繁主义的出现是对简约思想的一种反抗”符合语境，故选F。 17．根据上文“Today, maximalism has become a noticeable design style characterized by celebrating individuality, embracing the unexpected, and creating stunning and expressive spaces.(如今，极繁主义已经成为一种引人注目的设计风格，其特点是崇尚个性，拥抱意外，创造令人惊叹和富有表现力的空间)”以及后文“They hold that maximalism can make homes blossom into spaces that radiate with warmth and joy, and reflect the personalities and tastes of everyone in the house.(他们认为，极繁主义可以使家庭绽放出温暖和喜悦的空间，并反映出房子里每个人的个性和品味)”可知，后文提到了一些人对极繁主义的看法，可知本句是在说明后文They指代的对象，故C选项“许多室内设计师是极繁主义的倡导者”符合语境，故选C。 18．根据本段内容“Even hallways can be turned into gallery-like spaces with unique art collections, vibrant wall coverings that enhance visual impact. Mirrors, if strategically placed, can add to the pleasant feel of a space that could otherwise be a boring passage.(甚至走廊也可以变成画廊般的空间，拥有独特的艺术收藏品，充满活力的墙壁覆盖物可以增强视觉冲击力。镜子，如果有策略地放置，可以增加一个空间的愉悦感，否则可能是一个无聊的通道)”可知，后文提到了可能会让人感到无聊的走廊和墙壁，讲的是房间的角落布置，故D选项“极繁主义为经常被忽视的角落注入生命”符合语境，故选D。 19．根据上文“The living room unfolds with patterns and decor items, creating a dynamic and cozy atmosphere which is all about individuality and comfort.(客厅以图案和装饰项目展开，创造了一个充满活力和舒适的氛围，这一切都是关于个性和舒适)”以及后文“A combination of decoration items such as sculptures, vases, and books are also on display.(雕塑、花瓶、书籍等装饰品也在展览中)”可知，本段主要说明了客厅以图案和装饰项目展开，G选项中patterns对应上文patterns。故G选项“通过抱枕和窗帘可以看到不同的图案”符合语境，故选G。 20．根据上文“Breaking free from regular kitchen aesthetics, maximalism transforms kitchens into exciting and inspiring environments. Using unexpected kitchen lighting options can add some home atmosphere.(打破常规的厨房美学，极繁主义将厨房变成令人兴奋和鼓舞人心的环境。使用意想不到的厨房照明可以增加一些家庭氛围)”可知，上文提到了厨房照明，本句为本段最后一句，A选项中table lamps对应上文lighting。故A选项“精致的台灯可能效果很好”符合语境，故选A。 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了艺术家坎特罗把足球和美术联系了起来，她为明星在足球鞋上作画。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从童年起，足球就一直伴随着坎特罗的生活，对她产生了重大影响。A. slight轻微的；B. limited有限的；C. significant重要的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to 　2　 the two things.”可知，坎特罗热爱足球，说明足球对她产生了很大影响。故选C项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直热爱足球和美术，幸运的是，她找到了一种将两者联系起来的方法。A. compare比较；B. explain解释；C. investigate调查；D. connect连接。根据句中“She had always loved football as well as art”和下文“The 29-year-old artist was famous for 　3　 soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs.”可知，坎特罗把足球和美术联系了起来，在球鞋和足球上作画。故选D项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位29岁的艺术家以为明星在足球鞋上作画而闻名。A. making制作；B. painting画；C. purchasing购买；D. donating捐赠。根据下文“Cantero 　7　sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with black and white image of the 　8　and his family.”可知，坎特罗为明星在足球鞋上作画。故选B项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中许多作品都受到了中东国家卡塔尔的启发，尤其是卡塔尔首都多哈给她带来了许多新奇的想法。A. inspired赋予灵感，启发；B. checked检查；C. sponsored赞助；D. arranged安排。主语“Many of them”指代上文“Her new artworks”，结合常识和句中“especially its capital Doha brought her lots of 　5　ideas.”可推知，坎特罗的艺术作品受到中东国家卡塔尔的启发。故选A项。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中许多作品都受到了中东国家卡塔尔的启发，尤其是卡塔尔首都多哈给她带来了许多新奇的想法。A. narrow狭窄的；B. conventional依照惯例的；C. novel新颖的；D. literary文学的。结合句中“ideas”和下文“The city welcomed national teams from the world to 　6 　in the World Cup.”可推知，举办世界杯的多哈给坎特罗带来新奇的想法。故选C项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这座城市欢迎来自世界各地的国家队参加世界杯。A. turn使转动；B. compete参加比赛；C. speak谈话；D. explore探讨。根据句中“national teams from the world”和“the World Cup”可知，世界各地的国家队参加世界杯球赛。故选B项。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：坎特罗曾给阿根廷球星梅西送过一双鞋。A. still仍然；B. never决不；C. often常常；D. ever曾经。根据下文“She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But 　9 　, she received a photo of Messi holding them.”可知，坎特罗给球星梅西送球鞋是已经发生的了的事情。故选D项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这双鞋的细节很别致，上面有球员和他家人的黑白照片。A. artist艺术家；B. judge法官；C. player运动员；D. photographer摄影师。根据上文“Cantero 　7 sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi.”和句中“image of the 　8 and his family”可知，球鞋上画的是梅西和他的家人。故选C项。 29．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但令她惊讶的是，她收到了一张梅西拿着它们的照片。A. in surprise惊讶的；B. in vain徒劳 ；C. on time准时；D. on hand在手边。根据上文“She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes.”和句中“she received a photo of Messi holding them.”可知，坎特罗最初不确定梅西是否能收到球鞋，但最后她收到梅西发来的照片，这令她感到惊讶。故选A项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那标志着她事业的转折点。A. plan计划；B. career事业；C. team队，小组；D. stadium体育场。结合上文和下文“Then her colorful designs 　8 other stars.”可知，在得到球星梅西的肯定后，坎特罗开始给更多的球星画球鞋，这是她的事业的转折点。故选B项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她多彩的设计吸引了其他球星。A. confused使糊涂；B. hurt使受伤；C. changed改变；D. drew吸引。根据句中“colorful designs”可知，她多彩的设计吸引了其他球星。故选D项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她甚至遇到了一位著名的前巴西明星，并送给他一双球鞋和一个足球，上面有他母亲在2005年获奖后给他的一个吻。A. sweaters毛衣；B. glasses眼镜；C. boots靴子；D. socks袜子。根据上文可知，坎特罗为球星在足球鞋上作画，所以她送的是“一双球鞋”。故选C项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在卡塔尔，坎特罗计划展示八个足球，这些足球的设计表达了她对八个赢得世界杯的国家的敬意，她认为这些国家值得所有人钦佩。A. respect尊重，敬意；B. insurance保险；C. debt欠款；D. cost价钱。根据句中“eight countries winning the World Cup”可知，这八个国家赢得世界杯，所以要展示的是对它们的敬意。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在卡塔尔，坎特罗计划展示八个足球，这些足球的设计表达了她对八个赢得世界杯的国家的敬意，她认为这些国家值得所有人尊敬。A. aware知道的；B. worthy值得……的；C. ignorant无知的；D. suspicious怀疑的。根据句中“eight countries winning the World Cup”可知，这八个国家赢得世界杯，所以它们值得尊敬。故选B项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，足球是世界杯展览的中心，而球鞋则在三维结构中展示，看起来像卡塔尔为世界杯建造的体育场。A. maps地图；B. rocks岩石；C. movements运动；D. structures结构。根据句中“looking like the stadiums”可知，这是一个三维的结构。故选D项。 36．when 37．amazing 38．have survived 39．a 40．introduced 41．traditional 42．greatly 43．of 44．details 45．attaching 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了中国绘画相关知识。 36．考查定语从句。句意：中国古代绘画可以追溯到早在5000到6000年前，当时人们开始用矿物在岩石上画简单的图画，比如动物、植物，甚至人类。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非限制性定语从句，先行词5, 000 to 6, 000 years ago表时间，作从句中时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 37．考查形容词。句意：他们还在容器表面绘制出令人惊叹的图案和装饰。此处需要形容词修饰后面的名词designs and decorations，表示“惊人的，了不起的”用amazing。故填amazing。 38．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，到目前为止，只有少数作品幸存下来。根据后面的时间状语so far可知，本句谓语要用现在完成时，主语a few of the works为复数。故填have survived。 39．考查冠词。句意：至今保存下来的最早的图画是用纸和丝绸制作的，是有2000多年历史的随葬品。表示泛指两千多年的历史，用不定冠词，history以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：17世纪传入中国的欧洲绘画被称为“西洋绘画”，而当地的传统作品被称为“中国画”。空处作后置定语，修饰European paintings，introduce与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填introduced。 41．考查形容词。句意同上。此处应用形容词作前置定语修饰后面的名词短语local works。traditional意思为：传统的。故填traditional。 42．考查副词。句意：中国画作为东方绘画的代表，在内容、形式和风格上都与西方绘画有很大的不同。此处需要副词作状语，修饰后面的动词differ。故填greatly。 43．考查短语。句意同上。in terms of...“从……的角度/就……而言”为短语。故填of。 44．考查名词复数。句意：彩色绘画注重细节和精细的笔法。此处应用复数名词泛指很多细节，作介词to的宾语。故填details。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，水墨画应该追求精神上的相似，而不是过分注重现实题材。根据前面的介词of 可知，此处需要用动名词形式作宾语。故填attaching。 46．An eight-kilometer hike In order to build up students’ body and enrich our school life, the Students’ Union organized an eight-kilometer hike for all Senior Two students last Saturday. We gathered at the school gate and set off at 2 p. m. that day. Half an hour’s walk later, we began to climb the Longquan Mountain standing in the east of the city, covering about eight kilometers in total. To our amazement, none of the students failed to complete the whole journey despite the distance and heat. It was the breathtaking scenery accompanying us along the road that relieved our fatigue. Not only has the activity helped us improve our physical condition, but it has strengthened the friendship among us. All the students consider it meaningful and look forward to such an activity again. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为学校上周组织的高二年级学生远足活动写一篇英文报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 出发：set off → set out 惊人的：breathtaking→striking 尽管：despite→ in spite of 惊讶：amazement→astonishment 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Half an hour’s walk later, we began to climb the Longquan Mountain standing in the east of the city, covering about eight kilometers in total. 拓展句：Half an hour’s walk later, we began to climb the Longquan Mountain which stands in the east of the city, covering about eight kilometers in total. 【点睛】【高分句式1】It was the breathtaking scenery accompanying us along the road that relieved our fatigue.(运用了It is/was...that...强调句式) 【高分句式2】Not only has the activity helped us improve our physical condition, but it has strengthened the friendship among us.(运用了not only位于句首的部分倒装句式) 47．Paragraph 1: However, he found a brand new car in his garage the following day. “What’s going on?” he wondered wide-eyed, throwing his motorbike on the grass. Then he noticed the old beggar he had helped cross the road standing by the garage. “Sir! What are you doing here? Is that your car? How? What? Why?” Harry stumbled through questions as he approached the old man. The old man explained that his wife had left him with their only son when his company went bankrupt. And this car bought years ago had been for his grandson as a birthday gift, who, however, had died of a severe disease. “I could tell from your work uniform that you deliver food, and thought that you could really use the vehicle. Please, accept it!”, the old man insisted. Paragraph 2: The sincerity in the old man’s face couldn’t be denied. Harry swallowed thickly at the moisture gathering in the old man’s eyes and finally nodded. “Thank you,” he said gratefully and hugged the old beggar. “How about some dinner?”, Harry offered, brightening the mood. They had dinner and a wonderful time. The next day, Harry delivered everything in the new car and got home early to spend more time with his kids and actually enjoyed himself. He invited the old man to come every Friday for a special dinner, and he became like a member of their family — a family who valued each other after anything money could buy. So be nice to others, and you’ll get repaid in unusual ways. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Harry一次帮助了一个老乞丐过了马路，次日，这位老乞丐送给了Harry一辆崭新的汽车。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然而，第二天他在车库里发现了一辆崭新的汽车。”以及第二段首句“老人脸上的真诚是不可否认的。”可知，第一段可描写老人坚持要把这辆车送给Harry，并解释了原因。 ②由第二段首句“老人脸上的真诚是不可否认的。”可知，第二段可描写Harry最终接受了老人的善意。 2.续写线索：Harry帮助老人过马路——老人索要Harry的地址，说要回报Harry的善意——Harry由于没有汽车，一直在努力工作——次日，Harry在车库里发现了一辆崭新的汽车——老人坚持要Harry收下汽车，并解释了原因——Harry收下了汽车，老人也成了他的家人 3.词汇激活 行为类 1 注意到：notice/observe/spot ②珍视：value/treasure 2 玩得很开心：enjoy oneself/ have fun/have a good/great/wonderful time 情绪类 1 感激地：gratefully/thankfully ②极好的：wonderful/excellent/fantastic 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Then he noticed the old beggar he had helped cross the road standing by the garage.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句） 【高分句型2】The old man explained that his wife had left him with their only son when his company went bankrupt.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句） 【高二英语试题2451 共6页】第2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$