2024年中考英语三轮复习冲刺专题九：首字母解题方法

首字母解题技巧 1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。 3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。 4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。 5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。 解题技巧详解 （一） 从词性考查角度分析： 1. 名词：单复数形式, 所有格的用法 September 10th is Teachers’ Day. In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves. 2. 动词：时态，语态的变化 We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest. When you laugh ,you will open your mouth and your teeth. 3. 形容词、副词：比较等级的用法 Last Sunday，we played happily in the park, though we were very tired. Summer is the hottest season of the year. 4. 代词：单复数 人称代词 反身代词 指示代词 关系代词 不定代词 等的用法 Help yourself to some fish，Jim. Mrs Green said to the twins .”Help yourselves to some fish please. ” This book belongs to Mary. It is hers. 5. 连词：并列与从属连词的用法 For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs. She didn’t go to school yesterday ,because she was ill. （二） 从句子成分角度分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即 主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语， 状语，表语、同位语等。 1.名词表示人和物，实词。句中主要作主语和宾语。 例 1：Tony’s family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil. The k was filled with many good smells. 解析：the 后接名词，充当主语。根据上文 cooking 等，这里填写 kitchen。 2.动词表示人或事物的动作、行为、发展、变化。句中作谓语和非谓语动词形式。 例 1：Tony is Chinese American. Hisfamily members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week. Last week Tony i his friend Amy for it. 解析：此空所填词在句中作谓语动词，后跟宾语从句，所以判断此处所填应为及物动词，根据上文中 meal 可知填 invited。 3.形 容 词 主 要 修 饰 名 词 ， 表 示 事 物 的 形 状 、 性 质 、 颜 色 、 状 态等。 例：Don't drive your car in London! Car parks are very e . You have to pay a special congestion charge (拥堵费) to drive your car into the city centre. 解析：所填成分在剧中修饰主语 car parks，，修饰名词用形容词，所以判断此空填写的词为形容词。根据下文 a special charge 意思可知填 expensive。 4.副词说明时间、地点、程度、方式等，修饰动词、形容词、整个句子； 例：Tickets at reducedprices are not available for first-class travels or for travels a ,such as to France or Germany.（上海中考英语真题） 解析：所填之空作状语修饰动词，判断此处词性应为副词，根据上下文得出此处填 abroad（adv. 更好的；更多的；较大程度地），修饰 travel。 5.连词用来连接词与词，词组与词组，句子与句子的虚词，主要表示逻辑关系。U we are careful, it’s easy to fail to recognized an opportunity when it is in hand. 解析：此句中有两个分句，而没有连词链接，所以判断空中填入的应为连词，而根据上下文意，这里应填入表示条件的连词 unless（“除非”） （三） 其他做题思路： （1） 依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词： 如:W           his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much. 从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”， with his help. （2）依据语法知识进行填词： 如:It was a l            earlier. 从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级,修饰形容词比较级有前面有a,那肯定就是little. （3） 依据常识的积累进行填词： 如:But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one word “S          .” Mr. White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S          .” 我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry. （4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词： 如： One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He wanted to p          his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together. 根据句意，Mr. White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick. As the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is around the corner, China has repeated its determination (决心) to host a “Green Olympics” and is preparing to k__21__ that promise. Beijing will r__22__ venues (场地) from the 2008 Olympics for the 2022 Winter Games. Among these, the National Aquatic Center or “Water Cube”—known as the “Ice Cube” for the upcoming Winter Games—will host curling (冰壶) events, and the National Indoor Stadium will host ice hockey. Opening and closing ceremonies will o__23__ again take place at the Beijing National Stadium, or Bird’s Nest. The 2022 Winter Olympics will be the first Games in history to totally power all venues with clean e__24__ from renewable sources. Solar and wind power will be produced in the Zhangbei area of Hebei province. For the first time in the history of the Olympic Games, Beijing will use carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) to make ice. It is an environmentally friendly w__25__ in ice-making. At the same time it will produce a lot of heat which can be used to warm up water. Sportspersons can use the h__26__ water to take a shower. The new ice-making t__27__ will also save electricity. All venues can be reached by green public transportation. Spectators (观众) at the 2022 Winter Olympics will be encouraged to t__28__ by public transport across the three competition areas—downtown Beijing, its suburban Yanqing district and co-host Zhangjiakou in Hebei province. The three areas are c__29__ by an electric-powered high-speed railway. The Beijing Winter Olympics Village is a green village. The b__30__ are mainly made of steel (钢), which makes it easy to rebuild them after the Games. After the Games, the village will be turned into public rental housing. 【答案】 21． (k)eep     22．(r)euse     23．(o)nce     24．(e)nergy     25．(w)ay     26．(h)ot     27．(t)echnology     28．(t)ravel     29．(c)onnected     30．(b)uildings 【分析】本文主要介绍了中国如何让北京冬奥会成为一次“绿色奥运”。 21．句意：中国重申了举办“绿色奥运”的决心，并准备兑现这一承诺。keep the promise“信守诺言，履行承诺”，固定短语，此处指履行举办“绿色奥运”的承诺；prepare to do sth.“准备做某事”，因此keep用原形。故填(k)eep。 22．句意：北京将把2008年奥运会的场馆重新用于2022年冬季奥运会。空处应填一动词，作谓语，根据“...venues from the 2008 Olympics for the 2022 Winter Games.”以及首字母可知，2008年的场地会被重新使用，reuse“重复利用”符合语境；助动词will后接动词原形。故填(r)euse。 23．句意：开幕式和闭幕式将再次在北京国家体育场“鸟巢”举行。once again“再一次”，固定短语，符合语境。故填(o)nce。 24．句意：2022年冬奥会将是历史上第一届完全利用可再生能源为所有场馆提供清洁能源的奥运会。形容词“clean干净的”后接名词，根据“Solar and wind power”以及首字母可知，太阳能和风能都属于清洁能源，energy表示“能源”，不可数名词。故填(e)nergy。 25．句意：这是一种环保的制冰方法。根据“Beijing will use carbon dioxide to make ice”可知，这是一种制冰的方法，结合所给首字母，way“方法”符合语境；不定冠词“an”修饰可数名词单数。故填(w)ay。 26．句意：运动员可以用这些热水洗澡。名词“water”前应填一形容词作定语，根据“...to warm up water.”可知，水被加热后成为热水，结合所给首字母，hot“热的”符合语境。故填(h)ot。 27．句意：这一新的制冰技术也将节约电力。空处缺少名词作主语，根据“Beijing will use carbon dioxide to make ice”以及首字母可知，这是一种新的制冰技术，technology表示“技术”，可数名词，由语境可知，用单数即可。故填(t)echnology。 28．句意：2022年冬奥会的观众将被鼓励乘坐公共交通工具穿越三个比赛区域。be encouraged to do sth.“被鼓励做某事”，因此空处应填一动词原形；根据“by public transport across the three competition areas”可知，此处表示在三个赛区穿行，结合所给首字母，travel“旅行，行进”符合语境。故填(t)ravel。 29．句意：这三个区域由一条电力高速铁路连接起来。根据“...by an electric-powered high-speed railway.”可知，高速铁路连接这三个区域，connect表示“连接”，作谓语；句子主语和谓语构成被动关系，are后用过去分词connected。故填(c)onnected。 30．句意：这些建筑主要由钢材制成，因此在奥运会结束后很容易重建。定冠词“The”后接名词，作主语，根据“easy to rebuild”以及首字母可知，空处指的是“building建筑物”；谓语是are，building变为复数buildings。故填(b)uildings。 How do we make traditional Chinese culture alive and popular again among young people? The livestream (网络直播) has m___61___ it. It is not only fun, but also a new stage for traditional culture a___62___ . On video websites and apps, many traditional culture artists are trying the livestream for the f___63___ time. Some of them sing Peking Opera, some show their handmade pieces of art, while o___64___ perform classical music. Li, 59 years old, is a laosheng performer in Peking Opera who started the livestream this year. U___65___ performing on a formal (正式的) stage, Li uses everyday places as his stage, including his backyard, his study, and even a sofa. Besides singing, Li also teaches v___66___ about Peking Operas in a funny way. People can ask him questions and get answers d___67___ . “The livestream has brought this great art to more people.” Li said, “It a___68___ young people to know this traditional art and learn more about it in an easy way.” Other artists also see the livestream as a new c___69___. A fashion show was once livestreamed on an app. Performers showed beautiful clothes in traditional Chinese style, including those from the Tang and Ming dynasties. During the show, viewers enjoyed the clothes and watched how performers used a___70___ styles of make-up. For example, one performer taught people how to draw the guiye eyebrows (眉), which was popular during the Tang Dynasty. There is no doubt that the livestream has created a new way through which traditional culture can be kept. 【答案】61. (m)ade 62. (a)rtists 63. (f)irst 64. (o)thers 65. (U)nlike 66. (v)iewers 67. (d)irectly 68. (a)llows 69. (c)hance 70. (a)ncient 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了网络直播让传统中国文化在年轻人中再次活跃和流行起来，为传统艺术家们提供了新的舞台。 【61题详解】 句意：直播成功了。make it “成功”，结合has可知，本句是现在完成时，动词用过去分词。故填(m)ade。 【62题详解】 句意：它不仅有趣，而且为传统文化艺术家提供了一个新的舞台。根据下文“many traditional culture artists”可知，是指传统文化艺术家，应用复数名词artists。故填(a)rtists。 【63题详解】 句意：在视频网站和应用程序上，许多传统文化艺术家都是第一次尝试直播。根据“trying the livestream”可知，是第一次直播，应用for the first time。故填(f)irst。 【64题详解】 句意：他们中的一些人唱京剧，一些人展示他们的手工艺术品，而其他人则表演古典音乐。根据“some”和首字母可知，此处应填others “其他人”。故填(o)thers。 【65题详解】 句意：不像在正式的舞台上表演，李把日常生活中的地方作为舞台，包括他的后院，他的书房，甚至沙发。根据“Li uses everyday places as his stage, including his backyard, his study, and even a sofa. ”可知，李把日常生活中的地方作为舞台，说明不像在正式的舞台上那样表演。unlike“不像”，介词，符合题意，故填(U)nlike。 【66题详解】 句意：除了唱歌之外，李还以一种有趣的方式向观众介绍京剧。根据“Li also teaches...about Peking Operas in a funny way.”可知，直播时候，教的是观众。viewer “观众”，应用名词复数，故填(v)iewers。 【67题详解】 句意：人们可以问他问题并直接得到答案。根据“People can ask him questions and get answers...”可知，人们可以直接得到问题的答案。directly“直接地”，副词修饰动词。故填(d)irectly。 【68题详解】 句意：它允许年轻人了解这门传统艺术，并以一种简单的方式学习更多。根据“young people to know this traditional art and learn more about it in an easy way”可知，直播允许年轻人以一种简单的方式学习传统艺术。allow “允许”，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(a)llows。 【69题详解】 句意：其他艺术家也认为直播是一个新的机会。根据“Other artists also see the livestream as a new ...”可知，此处是指新机会，由“a”可知，此处应用单数名词chance“机会”。故填(c)hance。 【70题详解】 句意：在演出期间，观众们欣赏着这些服装，并观看表演者如何使用古老的化妆风格。根据下文“which was popular during the Tang Dynasty.”和首字母可知，指的是古老的化妆风格，应用形容词ancient“古老的”。故填(a)ncient。 As part of Yangzhou culture, Yangzhou cuisine (美食) is the best known for its long history. Since the a____81____ times, Yangzhou has been the center of Huaiyang cuisine. The earliest known r____82____ can be found in The Book of History (尚书). Huaiyang cuisine appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, d____83____ in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and flourished (繁盛) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. For many years, Yangzhou snacks have been well known for their great variety with different fillings and beautiful s____84____. Some of them are like balls, stars and so on. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yangzhou city was praised as “a place whose pastry shops were the finest under heaven”. Yangzhou snacks won high praise from visitors b____85____ at home and abroad. Among the famous masters during the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Beauty Shaw in Yizheng was the b____86____ at making Yangzhou snacks. The snacks she made were said to be as v____87____ as gold because they are all small, cute and as white as snow and they are hard to buy. Beauty Shaw is also c____88____ as one of the top ten masters of ancient China. Fuchun Teahouse was built in Yangzhou in 1885. It has b____89____ a famous Chinese restaurant for its long history and high quality. It is also famous for i____90____ self-made tea Kuilongzhu. If you come to Yangzhou, don’t miss Yangzhou cuisine! 【答案】81. (a)ncient 82. (r)ecord 83. (d)eveloped 84. (s)hapes 85. (b)oth 86. (b)est 87. (v)aluable 88. (c)onsidered 89 (b)ecome##(b)een 90. (i)ts 【导语】本文主要介绍了美丽的扬州。特别介绍了扬州各种零食和饮料(茶点)。 【81题详解】 句意：自古以来，扬州就是淮扬菜的中心。根据“Yangzhou has been the center of Huaiyang cuisine.”结合首字母可知，此处表示古代，ancient“古代的”，形容词作定语。故填(a)ncient。 【82题详解】 句意：已知最早的记录可以在《尚书》中找到。根据“can be found in The Book of History”结合首字母可知此处表达最早的记载，record“记载”，名词作主语。故填(r)ecord。 【83题详解】 句意：淮扬菜出现于春秋时期，发展于汉唐时期，盛行于明清时期。根据“appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period,…and flourished (繁盛) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.”可知，此处表达了淮扬菜的从出现到发展再到鼎盛的时期，结合首字母提示，空处为develop“发展”，此处用一般过去时。故填(d)eveloped。 【84题详解】 句意：多年来，扬州小吃一直以其丰富多样的馅料和美丽的形状而闻名。根据“well known for their great variety with different fillings and beautiful s”可知此处表达以其丰富多样的馅料和美丽的形状而闻名，shape“形状”，此处应用复数形式。故填(s)hapes。 【85题详解】 句意：扬州小吃赢得了国内外游客的好评。both…and…“两者都”，固定短语。故填(b)oth。 【86题详解】 句意：在清代中期的著名大师中，仪征的肖美人是扬州小吃制作的佼佼者。根据“Among the famous masters during the middle of the Qing Dynasty”可知，此处表达制作扬州小吃最好的，best“最好的”，形容词最高级。故填(b)est。 【87题详解】 句意：据说她做的零食和金子一样贵重，因为它们都很小，很可爱，像雪一样白，很难买到。根据“they are all small, cute and as white as snow and they are hard to buy.”可知，此处表达它们像黄金一样珍贵，valuable“珍贵的”，as+ adj./adv. +as结构意为“和……一样”，空处为形容词原级。故填(v)aluable。 【88题详解】 句意：肖美人也被认为是中国古代十大大师之一。be considered as“被认为是”，固定短语。故填(c)onsidered。 【89题详解】 句意：它以其悠久的历史和高品质成为一家著名的中国餐馆。结合首字母提示，become/be“成为/是”符合，此处为现在完成时，空处用现在分词形式。故填(b)ecome/(b)een。 【90题详解】 句意：它还以自制的葵龙珠茶而闻名。分析句子，空处应为形容词性物主代词，its“它的”表示Fuchun Teahouse的。故填(i)ts。 资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$