Unit 8 关于现在完成时 讲义 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

人教版英语八年级下册第八单元关于现在完成时 1、 区别两个对比组句子。 I brushed my teeth just now. \ I needn't brush them now. I did my homework just now. \ I have already done my homework. 得出结论：一般过去时只指过去，现在完成时要强调对现在的影响。 现在完成时：我们把表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果的时态称为现在完成时。 2、 现在完成时的结构： have/has +动词的过去分词（done） 注意： have或has是助动词，无实意。has 用于第三人称单数，其他人称一律用have。 3、 规则动词的变化规则 1、一般直接在词尾加上ed。 look — looked—looked 2、以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接加d。 move—moved—moved 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i,再加ed。 carry—carried—carried 4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。 stop—stopped—stopped 4、 不规则变化，没有规律，需要记忆 AAA型 cut—cut—cut ABB型 bring—brought—brought ABA型 come—came—come AAB型 beat—beat—beaten ABC型 do—did—done 5、 现在完成时的否定句 观察：现在完成时的肯定句如何变成否定句？ I have already brushed my teeth. （肯定句） I have not brushed my teeth yet. （否定句） She has had breakfast already. （肯定句） She has not had breakfast yet. （否定句） 总结：在have/has后+not，缩写为haven't /hasn't 6、 现在完成时的一般疑问句如何构成？ 1、I have already brushed my teeth. （肯定句） Have you brushed your teeth ? （一般疑问句） Yes, I have./No, I haven't. （回答） 2、She has had breakfast already. （肯定句） Has she already had breakfast ? （否定句） Yes, she has./No, she hasn't. （回答） 总结：把助动词have/has提到句首，其后照搬，句末“？” 回答用Yes,...have/has. No,...haven't/hasn't. 练习巩固——根据要求完成句子，一空一词 一.根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词(含缩写)。 1、My parents have come back already. (改为否定句) My parents ___________ __________ back __________. 2、 The boys have read the book lots of times. (改为一般疑问句) _______ the boys _______ the book lots of times? 3、I've already had dinner.(改为一般疑问句) __________ you _________ dinner __________? 4、She's cooked the lunch.(改为否定句) She _________ _______ __________ the lunch. 5、 Has the boy finished his homework? （分别作肯定和否定回答） 肯定回答：_________ , _________ _________. 否定回答：__________ , ________ _________. 参考答案： 1、 haven’t ; come ; yet 2、Have ; read 3、Have ; cooked ; yet 4、has ; not ; cooked 5、肯定回答：Yes ; he ; has . \ 否定回答：No , he hasn’t. 练习巩固——用所给词的适当形式填空。 1、 _______ you ever _______ (watch) that movie before ? 2、 ________ you ever ________ (try) to change her ? 3、 No one ____________ (arrive) here yet . 4、_________ the bus _________ (leave) yet ? 5、I _____________ (not talk) to him yet . 参考答案： 1、 Have ; watched 2、Have ; tried 3、has ; arrived 4、has ; left 5、haven’t talked 练习巩固——单项选择题 1、--Would you like to go to see the film with me? ---Thank you very much. But I ___ it already. A. saw B. have seen C. see D. have saw 2、My aunt ____already___ ten books. A. has ;written B. / ;writes C. /; wrote D. have ;wrote 3、--Why are you still here? ---I _____ my work yet. A.haven’t finished B. finished C. finish D.finishes 4、In the past few years, people ___ many buildings. A. built B. has built C. have built D.has builded 参考答案： 1、 B 2、A 3、A 4、C 现在完成时用法小结： 现在完成时的意义：表示过去发生的某一动作对___________造成的影响或结果。即到_______为止，动作已经完成。常和_______（曾经）、_______（已经）、______（还没有）等词连用。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达) 现在完成时与一般过去时区别： 现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同： 现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于动作发生在过去某个时候. 练习巩固——根据提示完成句子 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1、I ________ ( join) the book club last month and I __________ (read) five books already. 2、I only _______ (start) to learn English last week and I ____________ (learn) 50 English words already. 3、— When ________ she _______ (leave)? —Two hours ago. 4、Tony __________ (buy) a pop music CD yesterday, but he _______________ (not listen) to it yet. 5、My father _______ just _______ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 6、 She ______ (see) the newspaper on the table this morning, but she __________ (not read) it yet. 参考答案： 1、 joined ;have read 2、started ; have learned 3、did ; leave 4、bought ; hasn't listened 5、has ; come 6、saw ; hasn't read 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$