阅读理解与完形填空专题讲义-2024年人教版九年级中考英语

阅读理解和完型填空专题 知识梳理 阅读理解解题技巧 一、阅读理解考查题型 1.考查事实细节： 2.猜测生词含义： 3.推理判断： 4.归纳主旨大意： 5.推测作者的态度、意图和目的： （一）事实性细节题 对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找 对原因、结果、事实的正确理解 常用提问方式： 1. According to the passage, who (what, why, where, when，how many/much, how long)….? 2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is (not) true? 通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误 1.He / she should have an interest in making pizza. More importantly, he/ she should have work experience in a restaurant. The ad tells us that____ A. The assistant must be a man. B. The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant. C. Pucci pizza has branches all over China. 分析：划线句的意思是他应该有工作经验。故选B 事实理解题解题技巧： 事实细节题一般在: 1文中有原句； 2找相关信息进行比对; 3找近义词或同义句; 4进行简单数学计算; 在读文章时把这些信息划下来 （二）猜测词义 词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。 常见的提问方式有： 1) The word ….. refers to _____ 2) The underlined ….. probably means ____________ 1、根据定义、释义、举例或复述猜词 常用的：be, be called, mean，破折号或定语从句等来表示。 Well, I’ve relearned it. I hope I have time left to enjoy the successes of others and to take pleasure in the day. That’s the heart of the watermelon. “the heart of the watermelon” refers to__. A. the best part of the watermelon. B. the writer’s busy life C. the writer’s decision of making money. D. the writer’s hope of enjoying life. 分析：根据句意可知作者希望有剩余的时间享受成功和乐趣。故选D 2、 根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断 As they go around town, they help people. When they find lost children, they take the children home. If they see a fight, they put an end to it right away.They know all the streets and roads well.Often people ask them how to get to a place in town. In the text, “put an end to” means __ A. stop B. cut C. kill D. Fly 分析：短语的意思是使结束。故选A 3、 根据关联词来猜测 表示因果关系的：because, as, since, for, so, as a result… 表示同义关系的：and, like, just as…the same as…. 表示反义关系的：but, however, though, although, yet, instead (of) There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in New Zealand. What does the word “steam” mean in Chinese? _____ A. 自来水 B. 大气 C. 冰川 D. 蒸汽 分析：划线单词是学过的。故选D 1.I could see nothing because the light was so (faint.) 2.Tom is very rude, but his brother is quite (polite.) 3. She is beautiful, and her daughter is as (pretty )as her. 演练1 A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases . One is “to let the cat out of the bag.” It is the same as “to tell a secret” Now when someone lets out a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.” Q:John lets the cat out of the bag” means he A. makes everyone know a secret. B. the woman bout a cat. C. buys a cat in the bag. D. sells the cat in the bag.` 分析：划线句子意思是让猫从包里出来。故选A 实战演练2 If you want to be a musician, you usually have to move to an area that has a lot of jobs, such as New York City. The cost of living in these areas is usually very high. The third disadvantage is that you can’t have a stable family life. Different jobs will take a musician to different places, so most musicians are unable to have a regular family. What does the underlined word “stable” mean in Chinese? ________ A. 幸福的 B. 稳定的 C. 健康的 分析：根据段落可知不能有稳定的家庭生活。故选B （4） 根据生活经验及普通常识猜词 （5） 根据生活经验及普通常识猜词 1）China is our motherland. 2）Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies. 3）It's really cold outside, and my hands are both numb. Exercises: Guess the meaning of the new words quickly. a.Wealthy means having lots of money. b.Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health. c.My mother-in-law, my husband’s mother, was a teacher. The boy had a happy family before. However, after the war, he became homeless. d.You must stop dreaming and face reality. （三）推理判断 考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。 下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？ 1.We can infer(推断) from the story that____ 2.What’s the passage mainly about? 3.It can be inferred from the passage that 4.According to the story, what would happen next? 5.The first paragraph tells us that _______ 6.What can we learn from the passage? 1、事实推理：先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。 Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kinds of danger and seem to be “bad” news. According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? ____ a.You often play football with your friends after school. b.Your teacher has got a cold. c.A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught. d.The bike in front of your house is lost. 分析：段落表明大家不喜欢平常的新闻，喜欢奇闻。故选C When you cough or sneeze, please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this. What does the underlined word “this” mean?_ A.Don’t cough or sneeze in front of people B.Don’t stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes. C.Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train. D.Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry. 分析：段落表明当你咳嗽或打喷嚏时，应该捂住嘴巴并且说抱歉。故选D 解题技巧：推断题在文章无法直接找到答案，须在正确理解文章字面意思的基础上，运用逻辑推理的方法，综合主旨句、主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措辞，作出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意代词所指代的对象。 （四）归纳主旨大意:主要包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等 常见的提问方式有： (1）What is the main idea of the passage? (2) The first paragraph tells us that _____ (3) Which of the following expresses the main idea? (4) The passage is mainly about ______ (5) The best title for the story is _______ (6) Which of the following is the best title? Can you find the topic sentence? 1. All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind.Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain .Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears. 2. Reading is a good habit, but the problem is , there’s too much to read these days, and too little time to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you read more in less time. Here are two skills that I think are especially good. 解题技巧：此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主题句。主题句一般在段首或段尾，有时也在中间。 3. Do you know more and more Chinese artists have made regular donations to charity or put their efforts into charity work in China? Here let’s know some of them. What is the passage mainly about? ___ A. Chinese charity work. B. Charity work of some Chinese artists. C. Some famous Chinese artists. D. Organizations started by Chinese artists. 分析：本句说越来越多的中国艺术家为慈善事业做贡献。故选B 解题技巧： 找主题句。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述、后分述的叙事方法，因此主题句大都在段首或篇首。 用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。那么主题句往往就在段末或篇末。 （五）作者的意图、态度和目的题 1、作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会出来。 常见的提问方式有： (1) What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage? (2) The writer probably feels that ______ (3) What is the writer’s main point? (4) What is the writer’s attitude towards…? (5) In the passage the writer tries to tell us that _______ (6) The writer suggest(暗示) that __________ (7) The writer wants to prove that ___________ 注意：题目都是围绕作者的意图、目的和态度 解题技巧: 正确理解文章中反映作者态度和观点的关键词，同时通过选项中的关键词来推断正确答案，学会根据作者使用的词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度，要区别作者的态度和其他人的态度，不应把你自己的态度渗透其中。 Today I can iron pretty well. I know where to start on a shirt and the right way to do the trousers. Now when I think about it, I don’t think she is an old lady. I think she might have been about my age now. Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned. Now the writer _______ A. is still afraid of the lady B. hates the strict lady. C. admires the disabled lady. D. is very grateful to the lady. 分析：不管怎样，当我熨烫的时候，我就会想起她，感谢她为我做的所有事。故选D 二、阅读理解题目的设置方式： 逻辑推理型 1） 根据常识判断 One day we invited some friends to dinner. When it was about six o’clock, my wife found that we had little bread. So she asked our five-year-old daughter, Kathy, to buy some. One day, Kathy’s parents invited some friends to______. A.have breakfast B. have lunch C. have supper D. have a party. 逻辑推理型 2) 根据计算判断 If everyone sets their air conditioning (空调)at 26℃,Beijing will save 400 million kilowatt-hours(千瓦时) of electricity in one summer. That’s one-third of all the usage of the city in the season,” said a TV advertisement. Beijing will use_____ million kilowatt-hours electricity in one summer. A. 1200 B. 800 C. 400 分析：根据三分之一，可知选A 3)归纳主旨句 常用提问方式： 1.According to(根据) the passage, we know that____ 2.The title (标题) of the passage can be________. 3.The writer tells us_________. 4. From the story we can see/ learn / say_____ 5.The main idea of this passage is______. 6.What is this passage about? The ways of guessing the new words in context: 遇到生词要冷静 A. 利用构词法进行猜测 根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心) →careful(小心的) →carefully (小心地); write(写) → rewrite (改写)。 un- ; dis-;-less : 不无 ; mis-: 错误 ; re-: 再，重复，重新 ; -ern: 表方向 -er ,-or, -ist : 表示人 ; 2. 根据“合成词”猜测。 如：school + bag → schoolbag down+stairs → downstairs Exercises: Match the meaning with the new words. 1) Rebuild 不安全的 2) Modernize 误解 3) man-made 重建 4) unsafe 现代化 5) misunderstanding 人造的 Exercises: Choose the right answer. 1. A lot of the world’s natural resources like oil come from poor countries. A. 环境 B. 资源 C. 汽油 分析：划线单词是八年级下的单词。B 2. The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. A. 帽子 B. 雨鞋 C. 眼镜 分析：根据开始阅读可知选C 3. My mom was a little heavy. And I was almost as plump as my mom. A. 丰满 B. 苗条 C. 强壮 分析：根据我妈妈有点重可知选A 4. Children have schoolbags with two straps to carry them. A. 口袋 B. 肩带 C. 纽扣 分析：根据书包和携带他们可知选B 三、阅读理解解题方法 1.先看文章,再看试题. 2.先看试题,然后带着问题再看文章.(常用方法) 四、阅读理解解题步骤 1.扫读:即快速阅读,通览全文.发现关键句(特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句. 2.细读:集中精力研读课文,分清文章体裁,把握文章中心和主要内容,进而掌握文章细节信息(五个W,who,what,when,where,why) 3.查读:认真检查,尽量减少答题错误. Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very forgetful. For example, Mr.Bell sometimes goes to his office for work on Sunday morning, for he thinks it is Monday. And Mrs.Bell some- times forget to cook supper for the family. One summer they planned to fly to New York for their holidays. They got to the airport only ten minutes before the plane took off. So time was short. But suddenly Mrs. Bell said she must tell Alice,their daughter, not to forget to lock the front door when she went to school. As Alice was then at school,they couldn’t tell her about it by telephone. So they hurried to the post office. Mrs.Bell wrote a short note to Alice while Mr.Bell bought a stamp and an envelo- pe. Soon the note was ready. They put the stamp on the envelope in a hurry and dropped it in the letter box. But suddenly Mrs.Bell began to cry. The short note was still in her hand. She had put the plane tickets in the envelope. 1.Read the article for 2 minutes, and find the key sentence of the article. ( )(1). The word “forgetful ” means______. A.忘记 B.健忘的 C.难忘的 ( )(2).How did they plan to go to New York one summer? A.by plane B.by train C.by bus ( )(3). Because Alice was then at school , they had to ________to Alice. A. phone B.write a note C.send a E-mail ( )(4). What did they drop ____in the letter box? A. a note B. the tickets C. the money ( )(5). The main idea of this passage is______. A. Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very forgetful. B. Mr.and Mrs.Bell planned to fly to New York. C. Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very old. 英语完形填空解题技巧 【知识梳理1】 通常做题者从总体上把握文章主旨，接受作者所传达的信息与情感，针对完形填空，提出了各种多层次、全方位的理解技法，其中以总体把握法、词语搭配法、语法判定法、语境联想法、举例对比法最为重要。 这里首先讲解以下四种宏观的解题法： 1.总体把握 要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。 2.弄清体裁 文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。 3.重视主题句 完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。 4.语境联想 利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。 【知识梳理2】 接下来介绍以下三种具体的解题技法： 1.词语搭配 (1)从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。 (2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film (3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with(奋力前行)。 (4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a lot. It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take off有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。 2.语法判定 (1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面： a.名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致。 b.动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。 c.选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。 d.选择代词，要注意性、数、格是否准确。 e.选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。 f.选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形变化。 (2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装 a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。 b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。 c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。 (3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法 a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。 b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。 3. 例举对比。 在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。 【知识梳理3】 一般的解题过程是： 1.通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。 2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。 3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。 4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点： (1)文章是否顺畅； (2)所填单词是否是最佳单词； (3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。 【知识梳理4】 完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的80%以上。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。完形填空解题步骤:通览------试填-----复核 做完形填空的过程可以分三步走： 第一步: 着眼大局，速度全文。用3~4分钟，以略读方式快速浏览全文，从语篇整体上了解文章的主题、文体特点，找出作者的观点、态度、思路，结合段首句、段尾句和含有连贯意义的词语，找到文章的句与句以及段与段之间的逻辑关系。 第二步：逐句通读全文，各个击破，做到通读与猜测并行。对含义明显的词汇、固定搭配或习惯用法、常用句式等纯知识问题，可以边读边猜测答案。针对在通读过程中未能轻易猜出答案的题目，利用上下文及字里行间的线索来猜测答案。 第三步: 检查核实，通读选定答案后的全文。此时的文章是一个语法结构正确，用词准确，上下文逻辑关系严密，主题突出，内容充实，意思连贯的整体。从以下几方面对所选答案进行核查： 1.所选的单词或短语是否符合本句内容，是否使上下文连贯和谐，是否与全文意思一致。充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。 1) Many old people don’t have good ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio . A hearing B health C eyesight D time 2) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very______. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous 2.所选的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配。包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。 3）Washington was named ___ George Washington, the first president of the United States. （D） A. by B. for C. as D. after 3.所选的单词或短语是否符合某种句型、时态、语态的特殊要求。 4.所选词本身或附近词有无特殊要求，如有些动词后面只接动名词而不能接不定式等。 【知识梳理4】 “完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。 “完形填空”题要求填入的词主要有： 1. 语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。 2. 具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。 3. 固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。 4. 同义词、近义词等易混淆词。 5. 根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。 可见，完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。它的突出特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。 完形填空题的考查目的： 1. 考查同学们阅读理解能力。 2. 考查同学们语法知识。 3. 考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。 【知识梳理5】 一、完形填空题的命题特点 完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识 综合运用能力的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。 完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。可以说它是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和词语搭配的考查，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容： 1、词汇： 此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区别，词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。 2、语法： 此类题目考查的是：各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。 3、结构： 此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。 从设空的类型看可分为三个层次： 1、句子层次 2、句组层次 3、全篇层次 设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。 分析近几年无锡市的完形填空题，我们可以看出无锡市完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。因此总体难度较低。 二、题型特点 （1）完形填空是一种测试学生的外语语言知识以及运用这种语言的综合能力的试题。 （2）完形填空所选的短文长度在250个词以内，难度并不大，但涉及的范围很广。文体多以记叙文为主，考查内容集中在考生对名词、动词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。 （3）考点层次从小到大分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次。 （4）选项中的干扰项设置与语法结构错误无关，重在文意的干扰。 三、试题要求 （1）巩固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英语知识。 （2）文章阅读能力和技巧，特别是快速阅读理解能力，甚至是跳过一些词语的能力。 （3）扎实的英语词组、短语，惯用法等固定搭配的知识，词语意义和词法的辨析能力。特别是以动词为中心的词组。 （4）逻辑思维能力，特别是理解文章整体内容、主题思想的能力和推理判断的能力。 （5）根据试题捕捉相关信息能力。 四、应试技巧 1.快速通读全文，掌握主旨大意。答题时不要急于看选项、找答案，应通篇浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件。短文开头的第一、二句通常是主题句，或是告诉我们文章所讲的主要内容是什么。完形填空首句一般不预留空白，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于准确地预测和推断短文的主旨。 2.抓住结构、语义及逻辑三条线索，推断和预测选项完形填空是人为地切断短文的思路，再让学生依据自己对文章的理解恢复短文思路的题型。我们在答题时，首先要注意所选的答案填入空白处后，整个句子语法结构(词性、语态、语气、时态)是否合理；其次，看语义是否通顺，上下文是否连贯、呼应；第三，如果几个选项填入空白处，结构和语义没有问题，那么就要在逻辑上看哪个选项填入最为合理。 3.要特别注意词组、习语和句型的积累、同义词的辨析以及生活常识的运用完形填空是考查学生熟练地掌握词组、习语和句型的有效题型，因此我们平时要注意词组、习语和句型的积累，特别是《教学大纲》和《考试说明》中要求掌握的那一部分词组、习语和句型；在答题过程中，我们如能迅速地判断词组、习语和句型，不仅提高了答题的准确率，而且可以节省答题时间；辨别同义词的不同含义是考查学生对词汇掌握的重要途径，很多词语在不同的上下文中会有不同的意思，因此我们一定要在认真读懂短文的基础上作答；运用生活常识也是正确答题的有效手段。 4.选项填完后，通读短文，仔细检查连词、副词的使用。我们在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，我们选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态、避免出现逻辑混乱。 5.解答试题的时候，可利用直接法、排除法和比较法等选择正确答案。 【例题精讲】 Mr Bean who is silly, awkward (笨拙的)，   1    always funny and enjoyable is a world-famous comedy character on TV and in movies. He makes people    2   through a series of simple and funny acts   3   body languages. Rowan Atkinson is the   4   who plays Mr Bean. Mr Atkinson is quite    5    for playing Mr Bean.  Rowan was born on January 6, 455, and   6   his early years working on the family farm with his mother, three older brothers and his strict father, who did not believe  7   the value of television. For a time, he attended the same school as Tony Blair, who was two years older than him. At the age of 13, he    8    at Newcastle University where he had the highest marks in his year. At Oxford he got his Master’s degree (硕士学位) in electrical engineering(电气工程). He was particularly   9   fast cars, and he has a large collection. Rowan’s career change from an electrical engineer to a famous comedian was partly    10   some speaking problems he had in his childhood. While he was still at primary school, Rowan had already shown great talent in   11   . Although his teachers predicted (预言) his career in acting, Rowan was not confident    12    he met a group of talented people at university, and he realized this could be a career for him. Another important event    13   . One day in 476, he was playing around and making faces   14   . He realized something. “I discovered my face,” he said later. John Lloyd, who worked for the BBC, says, “When I watched Mr Atkinson act for the first time, I was    15   that he would be more famous than Chaplin.” 1. A. and             B. or                C. but                      D. while 2. A. laugh          B. sing               C. cry                      D. dance 3. A. use             B. with               C. to use                  D. to using 4. A. doctor         B. writer             C. actor                  D. farmer 5. A. honest       B. friendly         C. helpful                D. famous 6. A. cost           B. took               C. paid                D. spent 7. A. in              B. on               C. at                      D. / 8. A. worked        B. studied            C. played             D. helped 9. A. good at        B. amazed at C. interested in        D. worried about 10. A. because       B. because of       C. so                    D. since 11. A. swimming   B. driving             C. acting              D. singing 12. A. until            B. but               C. after               D. before 13. A. caused      B. missed       C. caught             D. happened 14. A. in the mirror B. in class          C. on the wall          D. in the playground 15. A. afraid        B. sure              C. worried            D. surprised CABCD  DABCB  CADAB 【课堂练习】 1 Today, I felt unhappy with my head full of problems, so I decided to take a walk even though I didn’t know where I would go. The most    1    thing happened when I was walking along the street. I saw an old man, over seventy years old, sitting on a chair. He was a seller of secondhand shoes. He seemed so helpless and nobody was    2     his shoes. Then, a little girl came towards him. I heard the girl say in a/an    3     voice, “Grandfather, may I clean your shoes?” That old man    4     and passed her a shoe. The girl said, “I do this    5    I want to earn some money to buy my brother a new school    6    .” I heard this and tears came to my eyes. To my    7   , the old man said,” Oh, little girl, just stop doing this. Come with me and I will buy one     8    you.” To see what would happen, I    9   . They walked to a    10     and there the old man    11     gave her a uniform, which must have cost him a lot. The girl was    12     and said, “Thank you so much for doing this. May God bless you.” Then she left, leaving the old man    13    . As the old man decided to leave, I stopped him and whispered in his ear, “You are really a great hero! Thank you for your    14    !” My own sadness had disappeared. It had been    15     by the light of this moving act. I began to realize that a little act can brighten up someone’s day. 1. A. strange               B. unlucky             C. amazing            D. interesting 2. A. cleaning              B. buying               C. finding             D. taking 3. A. polite                  B. angry                C. high                  D. funny 4. A. agreed                B. sold                  C. began                D. sat 5. A. if                        B. unless               C. though              D. because 6. A. shoe                   B. bag                   C. uniform             D. shirt 7. A. sadness               B. surprise             C. happiness          D. excitement 8. A. for                       B. to                      C. with                  D. at 9. A. left                     B. stayed               C. guessed             D. followed 10. A. restaurant            B. shop                 C. museum            D. sitting-room 11. A. really                  B. suddenly            C. slowly               D. nearly 12. A. relaxed                B. humorous          C. tired                  D. excited 13. A. crying                 B. shouting            C. smiling              D. walking 14. A. money                B. kindness            C. support             D. suggestion 15. A. driven away        B. turned down      C. talked about       D. used up 1—5 CBAAD           6—10 CBADB       11—15 ADCBA 2 As a teenager, I am often asked what I am going to be in the future. A lawyer? A doctor? Or a scientist? No, my ideal career is to be a teacher. One of the   1   for that is I want to be a teacher like Mr. Chen. “Look! Do you know what it is? A-ha, it’s the   2  ! And it will always move around the sun.” Mr. Chen said and pointed to his head. He then touched the nose and   3  , “Can you tell me the name of this mountain? It is the highest mountain on Earth! What’s the  4  of it? Yes, it’s 8844.43 metres…” I’ll never forget my first geography lesson. He was 5  humorous that we all  6 in love with his lessons  7  . It’s Mr. Chen who opened the door of geography for us. Generally speaking, most of the teachers are strict with students and sometimes a little bit demanding（苛求的）, not so with Mr. Chen. He is a lighthouse, showing us the way to the treasure of knowledge. He is a friend and easy to get 8  with, always encouraging us to speak out loud without  9  our shyness and other disadvantages. He is an example, volunteering his time to students and other teachers.  One day I happened to meet him in the hospital. Seeing the cut on his arm, I realized he was donating his 10 I was moved and was 11   another lesson, a lesson of love and devotion. Every time I see my globe（地球仪）, it would  12  me of Mr. Chen. He is the most unforgettable teacher I have 13  met and he will always be. Someday I hope I am  14  to be a teacher like him. Thank you, Mr Chen, thank you for making learning not a job but a joy. Thank you for helping me to discover what I do best and to do it even 15   . Thank you for understanding all of us and giving us the time and care each of us needs. (    ) 1. A. replies    B. reasons        C. rewards      D. Results (    ) 2. A. moon     B. earth          C. star           D. sun (    ) 3. A. advised   B. announced    C. added         D. answered (    ) 4. A. distance   B. weight        C. size         D. height (    ) 5. A. very      B. too           C. really         D. so (    ) 6. A. fall      B. fell         C. feel          D.felt (    ) 7. A. at present  B. at once      C. at times       D. at first  (    ) 8. A. away     B. together      C. angry          D. along (    ) 9. A. thinking     B. caring       C. considering    D. supposing (    ) 10. A. money     B.blood        C. clothes       D. time (    ) 11. A. taught     B. given        C. taken        D. had (    ) 12. A. remembers   B. represents   C. warns        D. reminds (    ) 13. A. just       B. never        C. ever           D. yet (    ) 14. A. able       B. about        C. allowed       D. Available (    ) 15. A. well      B. good         C. better         D. Best 1B 2B 3C 4D 5D 6B 7B 8D 9C 10B 11A 12D 13C 14A 15C 3 On a cold afternoon in winter, Robert was walking on the bridge. He looked down at the river below. There was hardly any   1   on the river. Near the bridge, however,   2   was a small canoe(独木舟), with a boy in it. He was not   3   many clothes. He was going to walk when he heard a cry, “Help!” He looked down and saw the boy was   4   water and his canoe was far away. Robert was a good   5  . Taking off his clothes, he jumped into the river. The   6  water made him tremble （颤抖）all over. Soon he   7   the boy and started to swim towards the river bank. Just then he saw a motor boat under the bridge. There were some people on it, all  8   in his direction(朝着他的方向). Robert   9   to swim towards the boat. “Help ___10____,” he shouted as he got near the boat. _11____ hurried up into a row of paces(步). “Why?” he thought, “They look so   12  .” Quietly they helped the boy into the boat. But they did not do more to   13   Robert. “Aren’t you going to pull me   14  , too?” Robert asked. “You!” said one of the men, who was standing next to a large camera, “Why, we were making a film and you spoiled(破坏) the whole afternoon’s work! You can   15   in the water.” 1. A. boat           B. fish          C. sounds     D. water 2. A. it               B. there         C. that          D. here 3. A. putting       B. wearing    C. dressing    D. taking 4. A. on              B. under               C. within      D. in 5. A. swimmer    B. soldier      C. worker     D. sportsman 6. A. deep           B. dirty         C. cold                D. warm 7. A. arrived       B. reached     C. swam       D. caught 8. A. seeing        B. shouting    C. smiling     D. looking 9. A. decided      B. hoped       C. agreed      D. thought 10. A. me           B. you          C. I               D. them 11. A. She      B. He         C. We        D. You 12. A. afraid       B. excited      C. pleased     D. angry 13. A. talk         B. help          C. say           D. speak  14. A. on            B. out           C. away        D. off 15. A. dive      B. play          C. leave        D. stay 1--5 ABBDA   6--10 CDBAA    11--15 BDBBD A A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a hat by his feet. He held up a sign which said: “I am blind, please help.” There were only a few coins in the hat. A man was walking by. He took a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words. He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by would see the new words. Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked: “Were you the one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write?” The man said: “I only wrote the truth. I said what you said but in a different way.” What he had written was: “Today is a beautiful day but I cannot see it.” Do you think the first sign and the second sign were saying the same thing? Of course both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign only told people to help by putting some money in the hat. The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the day, but the boy could not enjoy it because he was blind. The first sign only said the boy was blind. The second sign told people they were lucky that they were not blind. There are at least two lessons we can learn from this story. The first is: Be thankful for what you have. Someone else has less. Help when you can. The second is: Be clever. Think differently. There is always a better way! 1.What did the boy do on the street? A. He sold his old hat. B. He asked for money. C. He was busy collecting coins. D. He showed his good handwriting. 2. How did the man help the blind boy? A. He took the boy’s sign away. B. He gave the boy a lot of money. C. He changed the words on the sign. D. He asked other people to help the blind boy. 3. What does the underlined word "recognized" mean? A. 承认 B. 意识到 C. 辨认出 D. 注意到 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The man gave the boy some coins and changed the words on the sign. B. Before the man changed the words, the hat had been full. C. Without the man’s help, the blind man couldn’t get any money. D. The kind man was very thankful to the blind man. 5. What does the writer want to tell us? A. One can make money by selling hats. B. A blind boy in the street isn’t clever. C. Let’s help the disabled people. D. Different words make a difference. 1-5 BCCAD B Yang Mi, born in Beijing on September 12, 486, is a Chinese mainland actress.At the age of 4, she got her first TV drama role; at 1, she became a model for a fashion magazine; at 3, she went to her dream college—Beijing Film Academy (北京电影学院).__1__ believe that life has smiled on her.           Last year, the 9yearold __2__ played the girl Luo Qingchuan in the timetraveling TV drama, Palace (《宫锁心玉》).The drama became a big success and made Yang very __3__.The number of her micro blog followers __4__ from several thousand to more than three million overnight.        Could she be any __5__？Yang doesn't think luck had anything to __6__ with her success.She makes her way all by herself.“Every __7__ is from the efforts I've made，” said Yang.People now think she's very hardworking.        She still recalls the time when people gave her the cold shoulder.Some treated her with little respect.They didn't want to help her in her time of need.“I have to __8__ them because they make me believe myself，” She said.        That's __9__ she always helps others when they are in need. In May, Yang became the ambassador (大使) __10__ the Climate Group.She calls on people to join the MillionMiracle Project and plant trees on China's dry land. 1.A.Many         B.Some          C.Nobody          D.Few 2.A.student        B.actress         C.player           D.model 3.A.great          B.rich           C.lucky            D.famous 4.A.were           B.became        C.increased      D.turned 5.A.happier         B.luckier         C.healthier        D.busier 6.A.do             B.play            C.stay           D.talk 7.A.play           B.role             C.drama          D.chance 8.A.help           B.ask              C.thank          D.follow 9.A.because         B.why             C.what           D.how 10.A.in            B.at                 C.with          D.for 1－5　ABDCB　6－10　ADCBD A A 7-magnitude(震级）earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan at 8:02 on April 20, 2013，and it killed at least 196 people and injured more than 11,000. Together with other students, Yang Xuelan ran out to the playground. She was safe. But all her textbooks and exercise books were buried(埋）in the teaching building. What can we do when an earthquake happens? In fact, there’s a little we can do to stop natural disasters(自然灾害）such as earthquakes happening. But, some methods can reduce the harm they cause. The American Red Cross introduced the “Drop, Cover &Hold on”method. ♦ Drop down onto your hands and knees. This way can protect you from failing. ♦ Cover your head under a strong table or desk. You can also stay along a wall, and cover your head with your arms and hands. ♦ Hold on to(守住，抓牢）your shelter(遮蔽物）until the shaking stops. Be prepared to move with your shelter if the snaking continues. Schools can normally take the earthquake drills（演练）to help student stay alive. ( )1. How many people lost their lives in the earthquake in Ya’an ? A. At least 196. B. More than 11,000 C. Less than 196. D. About 11,196. ( )2. When the earthquake happened in Ya’an, Yang Xuelan was ______. A. at home B. at school C. on her way to school D. playing on the playground ( )3. What does the underlined word “reduce” mean in Chinese? A.提高 B.阻止 C.增加 D.减少 ( )4. According to the writer, we can ______ to reduce the harm natural disasters cause. A. do nothing B. stay at home C. take some methods D. run out of the house ( )5. Which of the following can help you stay alive in an earthquake? A. Dropping down onto your hands and knees. B. Covering your head under a strong table or desk. C. Holding on to your shelter until the shaking stops. D. A, B and C ABDC D 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$