内容正文:
专题01 重点词汇归纳(Units 1-11)【考点清单】
·模块一 Unit1: Writing a travel guide 词汇梳理
·模块二 Unit2: Going to See a Film 词汇梳理
·模块三 Unit3: A Visit to Garden City 词汇梳理
·模块四 Unit4: Let’s go shopping 词汇梳理
·模块五 Unit5: What can we learn from others 词汇梳理
·模块六 Unit6: Hard work for a better life 词汇梳理
·模块七 Unit7: In the future 词汇梳理
·模块八 Unit8: A more enjoyable school life 词汇梳理
·模块九 Unit9: The wind is blowing 词汇梳理
·模块十 Unit10: Water Festival 词汇梳理
·模块十一 Unit11 Electricity 词汇梳理
·模块十二 词汇综合专练100题
版块一
知识梳理
·模块一 Unit1: Writing a travel guide 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. guide n.&v.
(1) guide作名词时,可以表示:
①导游:The guide took us around the Palace Museum. 导游带我们参观了故宫。
②导游手册(相当于guidebook):Do you need a guide? It tells you a lot about the Forbidden City. 你需要一本导游手册吗?它会告诉你很多关于紫禁城的信息。
③指南:A Guide to English Grammar 《英语语法指南》
(2) guide作动词时,可以表示“为……领路,带领”的意思。如:
Martin guided him to the reception room. 马丁把他领到接待室。
2. tour n. 旅行,旅游
Last summer, we had a tour of the oldest museum in the country. 去年夏天,我们参观了这个国家最古老的博物馆。
【拓展】 tourist n. 游客,旅游者
tour v. 旅游,旅行,参观:She spent her vacation touring Italy. 她去了意大利旅行度假。
3. reason n. 原因,理由
The reason why she was late was that she forgot to set the clock. 她迟到的原因是因为忘记了定闹钟。
【近义词】 cause n. 原因,起因,缘故;理由
【拓展】 reasonable adj. 合理的,明智的
4. grand adj. (用于大建筑物等的名称)大的,宏伟的,宏大的
the Grand Canyon大峡谷
【拓展】 grand还有很多其他的含义,如:
(1)壮丽的,富丽堂皇的,重大的:It's not a very grand house. 这房子并非富丽堂皇。
(2)宏大的,宏伟的,有气派的:The people in Tokyo built their city on a grand scale. 东京人大力兴建自己的城市。
5. theatre n. 剧院
There are two theatres in the city. 这个城市有两个剧院。
【记忆链接】 go to the theatre去看戏
6. oriental adj. 东方的
oriental一词常常用来表示“东方的”或“亚洲的”文明或事物。
oriental countries/languages/customs东方国家/语言/风俗 oriental beauty东方美人
oriental civilization/art东方文明/艺术
【拓展】Orient n. 东方
7. century n. 世纪
It was built in the 19th century. 它建于19世纪。
【拓展】 century n. 百年:This book was written centuries ago. 这本书是好几百年前写的。
8. technology n. 科技;工艺;工程技术
The scientists today have put forward more and more technology theories. 当今的科学家提出了越来越多的科技理论。
【拓展】 technologist n. 技术员;工艺师,(工程技术)专家
9. sightseeing n. 观光,游览
Some people like to climb the mountains, but I prefer sightseeing. 一些人喜欢爬山,但我更喜欢去观光。
a sightseeing bus旅游车 a sightseeing tour观光旅游
【记忆链接】 go sightseeing去观光
10. view n. 景色,风景
The view from the top of the tower is fantastic. 从塔顶远眺景色颇为奇妙。
【拓展】 view作动词时,有如下含义。
(1)认为,以……看待: She viewed holidays as a waste of time. 她认为度假是浪费时间。
(2)看,望:Viewed from this angle, the building looks much taller than it really is.
从这个角度看,这幢大厦显得比它的实际高度要高很多。
view还可作名词时,有如下含义:
(1)(可数名词) 意见;观点:In my view, she has done nothing wrong. 依我看,她没做错什么。
(2)(不可数名词)视野:The garden was hidden from view behind a high wall. 那个花园因被一堵高墙挡住而看不见了。
【拓展】 viewer n. 电视观众
11. therefore adv. 因此,所以
I was ill, and therefore could not attend the conference. 我病了,所以不能参加会议。
He has broken his leg and therefore he can't walk. 他摔坏了腿,因此走不了路。
指点迷津:therefore 与 so
两词同义,但词性不同:前者是副词,而后者是连词。在用法上举例如下:
It rained. Therefore, we didn't have the match. 下雨了。因此我们没有举行比赛。
=It rained, so we didn't have the match.
12. surprising adj. 令人惊奇的
It is surprising that he made friend with the stranger immediately. 令人惊讶的是,他马上就与那个陌生人成了朋友。
【拓展】 surprise v.使吃惊;使感到意外
The news surprised us all. 这消息使我们大吃一惊。
surprise n. 吃惊:To my surprise, the plan succeeded. 令我感到惊奇的是,那个计划居然成功了。
surprised adj. 感到惊讶的
He was surprised that his father had sold the farm. 他对父亲已卖掉农场一事感到惊讶。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
(1)写一个旅游向导write a travel guide
(2)决定参加比赛decide to take part in the competition
(3)在大百货里in the department store
(4)人民广场People’s Square
(5)上海植物园Shanghai Botanical Gardens
(6)东方明珠Oriental Pearl TV Tower
(7)上海科技馆Shanghai Science and Technology Museum
(8)在中国东部in the east of China
(9)想要做某事would like to do sth
(10)最大的城市之一one of the largest cities
(11)一个国际化的都市an international city
(12)以夜景著名be famous for its night view
(13)…就不令人吃惊了It is not surprising that …
(14)上海中心the center of Shanghai
(15)上海西南30公里 30 km southwest of the city
(16)港汇广场the Grand Gateway Plaza
(17)水上餐厅the floating restaurant
(18)浦江游览Huangpu River cruises
(19)上海野生动物园Shanghai Wild Animal Park
·模块二 Unit2: Going to See a Film 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. stupid adj. 愚蠢的,笨的
Why are you so stupid at this matter?为什么在这件事情上你那么愚蠢呢?
【近义词】 foolish adj. 愚蠢的,鲁莽的 silly adj. 傻的,愚蠢的
2. action n. 动作
It's time for action. 是行动的时候了。
Actions speak louder than words.行动比言语更重要。
【拓展】 act v.行动
3. robber n. 盗贼
They kept a close eye on the robber. 他们密切监视着那个强盗。
【拓展】 rob v. 抢劫 robbery n. 抢劫案
【近义词】 thief n. 贼,小偷
4. hate v. 讨厌,不喜欢
I hate to talk with mouthful food. 我讨厌嘴里塞得满满时讲话。
I hate having to tell you, but you've failed in the driving test. 我真不愿告诉你,你没通过这次驾照考试。
【拓展】 hate to do something=hate doing something讨厌做某事
【近义词】 dislike v. 不喜欢
【反义词】 like v.喜欢 love v. 爱,喜欢
5.* adventure n. 冒险,奇遇
All the children listened to his adventures with full attention. 所有的孩子都聚精会神地听他讲冒险经历。
【链接】 What an adventure!啊呀,真险!
6. princess n. 公主
Princess Anne is the daughter of Queen Elizabeth. 安妮公主是伊丽莎白女王的女儿。
7. prince n. 王子
The prince lived in a large and beautiful castle. 王子住在一个美丽的大城堡里。
8. duration n. 持续时间
We hope the war will be of short duration. 我们希望战争是短期的。
9. laughter n. 笑,笑声
I can hear his laughter even in the next room. 我在隔壁房间都能听到他的笑声。
【拓展】 laugh v.大笑,发笑
10. cowboy n. 牛仔
One evening the school showed a cowboy film. 有个晚上,学校放映了一部西部牛仔片。
11. diary n.(工作日程)记事簿
I notice you keep a diary all the time. 我发现你一直记日记。
12. pay v.付费
He didn't pay me anything. 他没有付给我任何报酬。
【拓展】 pay n. 工资,报酬:The workers ask for higher pay. 工人们要求提高工资。
13. altogether adv.总共,一共
Altogether there were 18 people in the bus. 公共汽车上一共有18个人。
【近义词】 in all总共,全部
14. price n. 价格
What is the price of this pair of trousers? 这条裤子多少钱?
= How much is this pair of trousers?或How much does this pair of trousers cost?
【拓展】 precious adj. 高价的,昂贵的,贵重的,宝贵的
15.*avenue n. 大街
Fifth Avenue is a good place for shopping.(纽约市)第五大街是个逛街的好去处。
指点迷津: avenue, street, road, lane 和way
avenue指“宽敞的大路或街道,通常是城镇两边有树的、通往较大建筑的大街”,street指“城镇里较窄、短的重要的街道,两旁多有建筑物”;road指“较长、宽的路,通常是行驶车辆,且穿过城镇或连接其他城镇的道路”;lane指“乡间的小路或城镇里狭窄的胡同、街道”;way指“通向某一处的道路”。
16. bookshop n. 书店
I found this book in a second-hand bookshop in Edinburgh. 我在爱丁堡的一个旧书店里找到这本书。
【近义词】 bookstore n. 书店
17. route n. 路线 与route搭配的形容词多用long或short,而不用far或close。
We came by a longer route than usual. 我们走了一条比平时更长的路线来的。
Which is the shortest route to the supermarket? 去超市的最短路线是哪一条?
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
(1)一张电影指南a film guide
(2)看一看take a look/have a look
(3)滑稽电影funny films
(4)功夫片action films
(5)在太空中in space
(6)一个爱情故事a love story
(7)几个宇航员的太空冒险the adventures of some astronauts
(8)警匪片police story
(9)天鹅公主和天鹅王子a swan princess and prince
(10)在马戏团里in the circus
(11)充满be full of =be filled with
(12)充满动作的电影 a film full of action/ a film filled with a lot of action
(13)总共24元 twenty-four yuan altogether
(14)牛仔电影a film about cowboys
(15)一个遥远的小镇a small town far away
(16)一篇日记a diary
(17)去看电影的最佳时间the best time to see the film
(18)沿着格林路走walk along Green Road
(19)去电影院的路the way to the cinema
(20)向左转进入turn left into…
(21)在你右边on your right
(22)帮助某人做某事help sb do sth
(23)告诉某人不要做某事tell sb not to do sth
·模块三 Unit3: A Visit to Garden City 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. since prep. 从……以来;自从
I haven’t seen him since August, 19th, 2007. 自从2007年8月19日我就没有再见过他。
指点迷津: since 与 for
(1) since用来指时间点,意指“从那时起到所指的时刻”。它常常和现在完成时连用。
He has been here since Monday. 从星期一开始,他一直在这里。(从星期一到现在)
since也可以是时间连词,后接一个表示时间点的时间状语从句。
He has worked for us ever since he left school. 他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。
It has been two years since I last saw Tom. 从我最后一次见汤姆到现在,已经有两年了。
相当于:I last saw Tom two years ago. 我最后一次见汤姆是在两年前。
I haven't seen Tom for two years. 我已经有两年没见过汤姆了。
(2) for用来表示一段时间。如:for six years六年之久,for two months有两个月。
for十一段时间也可以与现在完成时连用,表示动作延续到说话的那一时刻。
He has worked here for a year. 他在这里工作已经有一年了。(一年前他就开始在这里工作并仍在这里工作。)
此时的“for十一段时间”也可以用“since+行动开始的那一刻”来代替。
He has worked here since this time last year.他从去年的这个时候起就在这里工作了。
2. quite adv. 相当;十分
Ann is quite pretty.安长得很漂亮。
I quite like watching volleyball games. 我很喜欢看排球比赛。
指点迷津: fairly, quite, rather, pretty 与very
(1)这几个副词都可表示程度,fairly语气最轻,尽管经常与褒义词连用,但由于语气较弱,往往不带明显的恭维或赞赏,通常译为“还算;相当”。比如说某部电影fairly good,指的可能是勉强过得去。
(2) quite语气稍重,意为“颇;相当”。比如说某部电影quite good,指的是这部电影相当不错,虽不是最好,但至少值得看。
(3) rather或pretty在语气上又稍重一点,意为“十分,相当”,但pretty不如rather正式。比如说某部电影rather/pretty good,指的是这部电影相当不错,语气比较重,意指要高出一般水平或出乎意料的好。两者均可与褒义或贬义形容词连用。与褒义词连用,表示一种愉快的心情;与贬义或中性词连用,表示一种不赞成或不满意的心情。
(4) very语气最强,意为“很;非常”。比如说某部电影very good,指的是这部电影很不错,算得上是精品之作。
以上几个副词按语气的轻重排序是:fairly→quite→rather/pretty→very。
She looked rather/quite nervous. 她显得相当紧张。
It's a very interesting book. 它是一本很有趣的书。
She looked rather/quite disappointed about it. 她对此显得相当失望。
3. machine n. 机器;机器装置
They bought a new washing machine last Sunday. 他们上周日买了一台新洗衣机。
【拓展】 machinery n.(集合名词)机器:机械:机件 mechanic n. 机工,技工,机械师
4. waiter n. 服务员;侍者
The waiter came to take their order. 服务员过来给他们点菜。
【拓展】 wait v. 等待:等候 waitress n. 女侍者;女服务员
5. coach n.(体育运动的)教练
Our football team has got a very experienced coach. 我们的足球队有一个很有经验的教练。
【拓展】 coach v. 训练;指导
He coaches people for BEC examinations. 他给准备参加剑桥商务英语考试的人进行辅导。
6. train v. 训练,培训
Mother trained us to be honest. 母亲教育我们为人要诚实。
They are training for the relay race. 他们正在为接力比赛接受训练。
【拓展】 trainer n. 训练员;教员,教练员 trainee n. 受训练的人
7. charge n. 主管,掌管
She is in charge of the day-to-day running of the business. 她负责掌管日常业务。
8. field n. 田地
They are working in the cotton fields. 他们正在棉田里干活。
【友情提示】 field还有“场地”的意思。如:sports field运动场。
9. key n. 钥匙
He put the key in the lock and turned it. 他把钥匙插入锁里,然后转动钥匙。
【拓展】 key是一个多义词,作名词时还有如下含义:
(1)关键;要诀:The key to the whole thing was his jealousy. 整个事情的症结是因为他的妒忌心。
(2)答案:Do you know the key to the problem? 你知道这道题的答案吗?
(3)(计算机或打字机的)键:Press the key to enter the information. 按这个键输入信息。
key还可作形容词,意为“主要的;关键的”。如:He is a key witness in this case. 在这个案件中,他是一个主要的证人。
10. ring n. 小环;小圈
She wears a wedding ring to show that she's married. 她戴着结婚戒指,表示她已婚。
Mary has got a new pair of ear rings. 玛丽有一副新耳环。
【拓展】 wedding ring结婚戒指 ear ring耳环
11. cable n. 缆绳
The truck used a cable to tow the car. 卡车用缆绳拖拽汽车。
【拓展】 cable n. 电报
12. * fantastic adj. 极好的
We watched a fantastic play yesterday evening. 昨天晚上我们看了一场非常精彩的戏剧。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. quite a few相当多;不少
I have been in Shanghai for quite a few years. 我在上海已经待了很多年了。
quite a few是“相当多,不少”,与many意思相近,用于修饰可数名词的复数形式。
Quite a few people came to the lecture. 有相当多的人来听演讲。
He has quite a few friends. 他有不少朋友。
修饰不可数名词时,应用quite a little(相当多;不少)。
There is quite a little rice left in the bag. 米袋里还剩下不少大米。
quite a little与much意思相近。
2. in charge of负责掌管
The chief engineer was in charge of directing the building of the underground. 总工程师负责指挥地铁的建造。
I am in charge of my sister. 我在照看妹妹。
【拓展】 take charge of负责;照管;监理,担任
He took charge of the farm after his father's death. 父亲去世后,他接管了农场。
3. tell the time报时
What do you use to tell the time?你用什么报时呢?
4. have a good time过得愉快
have a good time与enjoy oneself(greatly)“过得愉快,玩得高兴”意思相近。
Did you have a good time at the party last night?昨晚的聚会你玩得开心吗?
=Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?
也常用have a great/nice time等表示“玩得很高兴,过得很愉快”的意思。
·模块四 Unit4: Let’s go shopping 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. anything pron. 任何东西
I don’ t have anything but will. 除了意志我一无所有。
Do you have anything to say? 你有什么话要说吗?
【友情提示】 anything表示“某事;某物”,修饰anything的形容词应置于其后。anything多用于否定句、疑问句;也可表示“任何事;任何东西”,主要用于肯定句(有时也可用于其他句型)。
Has anything interesting happened? 发生了什么有趣的事吗?
We can’t believe anything he says. 无论他说什么,我们都不能相信。
I want something to eat, and anything will do. 我想弄点吃的,什么都行。
Did you hear anything interesting there? 你在那儿有没有听说什么趣事?
2. * jeans n. 牛仔裤
Lots of young people wear jeans nowadays. 现在,很多年轻人穿牛仔裤。
【友情提示】 在英语中,表示“裤子”的词通常都使用复数。如:trousers(长裤),pants(裤子),shorts(短裤)等。
3. myself pron. 我自己
I learn French by myself. 我自学法语。
I finished the crossword (all)by myself. 我自己(一个人)猜出了纵横填字字谜。
4. kid n. 小孩
Our kids are playing football. 我们的孩子们正在踢足球。
【友情提示】 kid为口语,书面语中应使用child。
【拓展】 kid v. 开玩笑;欺骗:I'm not kidding. 我没开玩笑。
5. fashion n. 时尚;流行
Long skirts have come into fashion again. Jeans are still in fashion too. 又开始流行长裙了。牛仔裤也还很时髦。
【拓展】 fashion n. 时装:This shop always sells the latest fashions. 这家店总是卖最流行的时装。
fashionable adj. 时髦的;流行的;时兴的
She often wears a fashionable hat. 她常戴一顶时髦的帽子。
6. super adj. 超级的
That was a super meal. 那顿饭好极了。
His new car is super! 他的新车真棒!
【拓展】 supermarket n. 超级市场 superman n. 超人
【友情提示】 super没有比较级和最高级。
7. spot n. 斑点;点
She had spots on her forehead when she was ill. 生病的时候,她额头上有一些斑点。
Some spots appear on his legs. 他腿上出现了一些斑点。
【拓展】 spotless adj. 纯洁的;没有污点的;无瑕疵的
She wore a spotless white skirt. 她穿着一条洁白的短裙。
8. neck n. 衣领;领子
指点迷津: neck 与 collar
这两个词在中文中虽然都有“衣领”的意思,但collar指的是有领服装的衣领,而neck指的是无领服装的领圈。此外,neck还可以指“脖子”,但collar无此意。
9. check n. 方格图案;格子;方格
Do you like these curtains with checks? 你喜欢这些有格子图案的窗帘吗?
【拓展】 check v. 核对,检查
Passengers should check in for Flight BA 125 to Berlin now. 乘英航125航班去柏林的旅客现在请办理登机手续。
check n. 支票 Do you want to pay by check?你要付支票吗?
10. excuse v.原谅
Please excuse my bad handwriting. 请原谅我的字写得不好。
【拓展】 excuse n. 理由;借口
His excuse for being late was that he had missed the train. 他迟到的理由是没有赶上那班火车。
11. certainly adv.当然;行
This certainly is his excuse. 这一定是他的借口。
-Will you lend me some money? 你能借一点钱给我吗?
-Certainly!行!
【近义词】 surely adv. 无疑;必定
【反义词】 doubtfully adv. 怀疑地;含糊地
【拓展】 certain adj. 确定的;无疑的;必然的
12. loose adj. 宽松的
She wore a loose dress yesterday. 昨天她穿了一条宽松的连衣裙。
I have got a loose tooth. 我有一颗牙齿松动了。
【反义词】 tight adj. 紧身的;紧的
【拓展】 loosen v. 放松;使松弛
13. tight adj. 紧身的;紧的
The shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋子我穿太紧了。
He made sure that the rope was tight. 他确信绳子拉紧了。
【拓展】 tighten v. 收紧;拉紧
14. medium adj. 中等的;中号的
He is of medium height. 他是中等身高。
【友情提示】 服装的尺寸大小依次是:extra-small(特小号,XS),small(小号,S),medium(中号,M),large(大号,L),extra-large(特大号,XL)。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
一条牛仔裤: a pair of jeans
让某人做某事: let sb. do sth.
为今天的晚餐买些食物: buy some food for dinner tonight
鞋店: a shoe shop
服装店: a clothes shop
玩具店: a toy shop
家具店: a furniture shop
电脑城: computer world
购物中心: shopping centre
儿童玩具: toys for kids
长袖衬衫: a shirt with long sleeves
圆领/心领毛衣: a sweater with round neck / V-neck
有红色圆点的连衣服: a dress with red spots
一条有条纹裤子: a pair of trousers with stripes
一条有格子的裤子: a pair of trousers with checks
试穿: try on clothes
更衣室: changing rooms
有某人的尺寸: in sb’s size
·模块五 Unit5: What can we learn from others 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. wife n. 妻子
复数形式为wives。His wife is very beautiful. 他的妻子很漂亮。
【对应词】 husband n. 丈夫
【拓展】 housewife n. 家庭主妇(pl. housewives)
2. * hut n. 小屋
The poor old man lived in a little wooden hut. 那个贫穷的老头住在一间小木屋里。
【拓展】 Pizza Hut必胜客
3. * fairy n. 仙子;小精灵
The fairy waved her magic wand. 仙女挥动她的魔杖。
【拓展】 fairy adj. 幻想中的;虚构的 fairy tale童话故事
4. hard-working adj. 工作努力的;辛勤的
He is always hard-working and passes all the exams easily. 他一直很用功,所以很容易就通过了各科考试。
Mary is as hard-working as she can be. 玛丽已经是最用功的了。
5. although conj. 虽然;尽管;即使
Although we haven’t got many clothes, we've got enough. 尽管我们没有很多衣服,但也够穿了。
【拓展】 though conj. 虽然;尽管;即使
指点迷津:although 与though
是一个“关联词”,相当于汉语中的“虽然……,但是……”,用来引导让步状语从句。although比though更为正式。如:
Although/Though the sun was shining, I took an umbrella in case. 虽然太阳普照大地,我还是带了把雨伞以防万一。
We lost the game although/though we tried our best. 尽管已经尽了最大的努力,但我们还是输了比赛。
Although与though所引导的从句均可使用省略句。
Though very intelligent, she is still rather modest. 尽管天资聪慧,她还是很谦虚。(though后省略了she is)
Although in pain, she didn't cry. 虽然被疼痛折磨,她却没有哭。(although后省略了she was)
【友情提示】 although和though均不能与连词but出现于同一个句子中。如:虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那儿。
Though/Although it was raining, we went there.(√)
It was raining, but we went there.(√)
Though/Although it was raining,.but we went there.(X)
但有时为了强调, although和though均可与still, yet等副词连用。
Though she said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 她说她会迟到,但后来却准时到了。
Although he was very tired, he still kept on working. 虽然很疲倦了,但他仍在继续工作。
6. earn v.挣得;挣钱
She earns a high salary, but she still has none left every month. 她挣高工资,但每月还是能花完。
He has earned a lot of money by working overtime. 他靠加班挣了好多钱。
7. comfortable adj. 舒服的
My house is not big, but it is very comfortable. 我的房子不大,但很舒服。
【拓展】 comfortably adv. 舒服地
Jon was sitting comfortably in the armchair. 乔恩舒服地坐在扶手椅里。
【反义词】 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的;不安的;不自在的
He feels uncomfortable with strangers. 与陌生人在一起他会感到不自在。
8. reply v. 回答
They did not reply to our new suggestion. 他们对我们的新建议没有作出答复。
【拓展】 reply n. 回答;答复:I had no reply to my letter. 我没收到回信。
指点迷津:answer 与reply
answer和reply都表示“回答”,均可作名词和动词。answer为一般用语;reply的用法较正式,多用于对问题作出解释、辩论或陈述性回答。两者作名词时都可与to连用,指“……的答案或答复”。
Answer this question. 回答这个问题。
I asked her the reason, but she didn't reply. 我问她原因,她却没有回答。
I received no reply/answer to my request. 我的要求没有得到任何答复。
answer后面可直接跟宾语,而reply后跟宾语时须与to连用;answer可表示对电话、敲门等作出应答,而reply则没有这个用法。
You must reply to/answer this letter right away. 你必须马上回复这封信。
Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话?
如果是指练习题的“答案”,一般用answer。
The answer to 6×10 is 60. 6乘以10的答案是60。
9. * greedy adj. 贪婪的
She is too greedy for money. 她对钱太贪婪了。
【拓展】 greed n. 贪婪;贪欲
His greed for money was his ruin. 对金钱的贪婪导致了他的毁灭。
greedily adv.贪食地;贪婪地
She gazed at the diamond ring greedily. 她贪婪地注视着那枚钻石戒指。
10. happiness n. 幸福
After they got married, they had many years of happiness. 婚后他们过了多年的幸福生活。
【拓展】 happy adj. 快乐的,幸福的 happily adv. 快乐地,愉快地
【反义词】 unhappiness n. 忧愁;苦恼
He caused his parents much unhappiness. 他弄得父母很不开心。
11. *forever adv. 永远
No one can live forever. 没有谁能够长生不老。
I shall remember that happy day forever. 我将永远记住那快乐的一天。
12. disappear v. 消失
The boy disappeared around the corner. 男孩消失在拐弯处。
The sun disappeared behind the cloud. 太阳在云层后面消失了。
【反义词】appear v. 出现:The famous singer is appearing at the Music Festival. 这位著名的歌手将在音乐节上亮相。
13. vote v. 投票,表决;选举
Let's vote for John. 让我们投票给约翰吧。
【拓展】 voter n. 投票人;选举人
14. pocket n. 口袋
The policeman made the thief turn out his pockets. 警察叫小偷把身上的口袋都翻出来。
【拓展】 pocket adj. 微型的;袖珍的
He always carries a pocket dictionary with him. 他总是随身携带一本袖珍字典。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. learn from向……学习
We should learn from Lei Feng. 我们应该向雷锋学习。
2. vote for表决(支持);投票(赞成)
Who did you vote for in the last general election?在刚刚过去的大选中,你投了谁的票?
3. give up放弃
“放弃某事”可以说give up something,但如果something的地方用代词it或them时,则须用give it/them up。
Smoking is bad for health. My father gave it up at forty. 吸烟有害身体健康。我父亲40岁时戒了烟。
4.短语速背
很久以前:long ago
零花钱;零用钱:pocket money
·模块六 Unit6: Hard work for a better life 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. poem n. 诗;韵文
He wrote a poem about spring. 他写了一首关于春天的诗。
【拓展】 poet n. 诗人
Li Bai was a great poet in Chinese history. 李白是中国历史上一位伟大的诗人。
poetess n. 女诗人
2. end v. 结束
They ended the party with a song. 他们以一首歌结束了聚会。
【拓展】 end n. 结束;结局:The battle finally brought the war to an end. 这一仗使这场战争宣告结束。
at the end of在……的末端;在……的结束:
At the end of the film, the hero cried sadly. 在影片的结尾,主人公伤心地哭了。
3. temperature n. 气温;温度
【友情提示】 temperature这个单词中,画线的字母e不发音。
The nurse took the temperatures of all the patients. 那位护士给所有的病人量了体温。
【拓展】 temper n. 脾气;情绪:His father is in a temper today. 他父亲今天情绪不好。
4. drop v. 降低;减少
The temperature has dropped since last week. 从上周起就已经降温了。
【拓展】 drop v. (使)落下;(使)掉下:I dropped the letter into the mail-box. 我把信投入信箱。
drop n.滴;水滴;液滴
The rain was leaking in large drops through the roof. 雨正大滴大滴地从屋顶漏下来。
5. * shiver v.发抖
She shivered at the thought of going into the dark house alone.
她想到要独自一人去那所黑暗的房子就不寒而栗。
【拓展】 shiver n. 颤抖;哆嗦:A shiver ran down her spine. 她浑身哆嗦了一下。
6. blackboard n. 黑板
The teacher wrote down the new words on the blackboard. 老师在黑板上写下新单词。
【友情提示】 blackboard是一个合成词:black(黑色的)+board(板)=blackboard(黑板)。
7. awful adj. 糟糕的;极讨厌的
We had an awful earthquake here last year. 去年我们这里发生了一次可怕的地震。
【近义词】terrible adj. 可怕的;糟糕的
【拓展】awfully adv. 可怕地:That man acted awfully. 那个男子演技很差。
8. silly adj. 愚蠢的;傻的
He told a silly story. 他讲了一个很傻的故事。
It was silly of me to say such a thing. 我说这话真傻。
【拓展】 silly n. 呆子;傻子:Well, silly, why not stay?喂,傻瓜,为什么不留下呢?
指点迷津: silly, stupid, foolish
(1) silly指“头脑简单;不懂事的;傻头傻脑的”。
Stop asking such silly questions!别再问这么傻的问题了!
silly有时带感情色彩,表示嗔怪。
You silly child. 你这个傻孩子。(此句并无太多的贬义)
(2) stupid指“智力差的;反应迟钝的”。
He is very stupid in learning Maths. 他学数学很笨。
(3) foolish指“无头脑的;缺乏常识的;缺乏判断能力的”。
It was a foolish thing to ask for the moon. 想摘月亮是一件蠢事。
概括起来,silly指“傻”,stupid指“笨”,foolish多指“愚蠢”。
9. everywhere adv. 到处;处处
Cocos are everywhere in Hainan Island. 海南岛上到处都是椰子树。
指点迷津: everywhere, anywhere
everywhere是指“所有地点;每一处”;anywhere是指“任意一个地方”。试比较:
-Where did you visit when you were staying in that city?待在那座城市的时候,你都参观哪些地方了?
-Everywhere. 哪儿都去了。(表示任何地方)
-Where do you want to go after class?放学后你想去哪儿?
-Anywhere. 哪儿都行。(表示任意一处)
10. nothing pron. 没有什么;没有东西
There is nothing interesting in the newspaper. 报纸上没有什么有趣的新闻。
指点迷津: nothing, none, no one(nobody)
nothing只能指物,表示“没有什么(东西)”。它们不可与of短语连用,作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。
Nothing is impossible. 没有什么(事情)是不可能的。
none既可指人又可指物,意为“没有任何人或物;一个人也没有”,其后可与of短语连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数均可。它通常用来强调数量之少,因而常用来回答how many或how much引导的问句。
None of these pens works/work. 这些钢笔一支都不能用。
-How many books are there in the bag?这个书包里有多少书?
-None. 一本也没有。
no one= nobody意为“没有人”,常用于指人而不能用于指物,因而常用来回答who的提问。它不能与of连用。
-Who is in the room?谁在房间里?
-No one/Nobody. 没有人。
11. disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的
We are disappointed that you will not be able to come. 你不能前来,我们很失望。
We were disappointed at the results. 我们对结果感到失望。
【近义词】sad adj. 沮丧的;悲伤的
【拓展】 disappoint v.使失望,使沮丧:I’m sorry to disappoint you. 我很抱歉,让你失望了。
disappointing adj. 令人失望的;令人扫兴的:
The film was built up to be a masterpiece, but I found it very disappointing. 这部影片被吹捧为杰作,可是我看了之后却觉得很失望。
12. sadly adv.伤心地
He shook his head sadly. 他伤心地摇了摇头。
【拓展】 sad adj. 悲哀的;悲伤的:
She is still very sad over the death of her aunt. 姑妈的去世至今还令她悲伤不已。
sadness n. 悲哀;悲伤;忧愁:There was some sadness in her voice. 她的声音中带有几分伤感。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. We start having fun. 我们开始玩乐。
have fun是“玩得开心”的意思,其中fun作名词,表示“有趣的事;有意思的事”。
You'll sure have fun at the party tonight. 今晚的聚会上你一定会玩得很开心。
Have fun while you can. The hard times is just around the corner. 趁可以玩的时候多玩玩吧。马上就是辛苦的时候了。
2. think of意为“想起;考虑”。
What does this photograph make you think of?这张照片让你想起了什么?
指点迷津: think of, think about, think over
(1) think of和think about表示“考虑;对……有某种看法”时,可以互换。
They're thinking of/about buying a new car. 他们正在考虑买一辆新车。
What do you think of/about the TV play? 你认为那部电视剧怎么样?
(2) think of意为“打算;想出;关心”时,一般不与think about互换。
Helen, are you thinking of marrying Tom? 海伦,你打算嫁给汤姆吗?
Who thought of the idea? 谁想出的这个主意?
Lei Feng was always thinking of others. 雷锋总是为别人着想。
(3) think about意为“思考;研究”时,一般不能和think of换用。
I often thought about what you said. 我常常回想你说过的话。
I'Il think about your suggestion, and give you an answer tomorrow. 我会考虑你的建议,明天给你答复。
(4) think over意为“仔细考虑”。
Think over, and you'll find a way. 仔细考虑一下,你就会有办法的。
We need several days to think over this matter. 我们需要几天的时间仔细考虑这件事情。
3. all the time意为“一直,总是”。
I've kept on thinking about that all the time. 我一直惦记着这件事。
【近义词】 always adv. 一直;总是
4. plenty of意为“许多;大量的”。
与a lot of、lots of等意思相同,用于修饰可数或不可数名词。
There's plenty of room for everyone inside. 里面有的是地方,大家都可以进来。(修饰不可数名词room)
If a lawyer has plenty of clients, he will become rich. 一名律师如果有许多诉讼委托人,他就会发财。(修饰可数名词clients)
5. at last意为‘‘终于;最终”。
He finished his paper at last. 他终于完成了论文。
【近义词】 finally adv.最终;最后 in the end最后;终于
6. come out of是“从……出来”的意思。其中介词短语out“表示“出来”。
I saw him come out of the supermarket with a lady yesterday. Maybe it was his old sister.
昨天我看到他和一位女土从超市里出来。可能那就是他姐姐。
【友情提示】 介词短语out of表示的意思很多,其用法也颇为复杂,现归纳如下:
(1)表示地点(从里向外):
Fish can not live out of water. 离开了水,鱼就不能活。
(2)表示动作或运动的方向:
They walked out of the supermarket. 他们走出了超市。
(3)表示部分关系:
This will happen in nine cases out of ten. 这种情况十之八九会发生。
(4)表示“在……范围以外;越出……界限”:
The ship is out of sight. 船已驶出了视野范围。
(5)表示“出于……动机;由于……原因”:
The traffic accident was out of carelessness in driving. 这起交通事故是由于粗心驾驶所致。
(6)表示竭尽或缺乏:
We are out of tea. 我们的茶叶用完了。
(7)表示材料或来源:
This paragraph is out of Marx's works. 这一段引自马克思著作。
(8)与某些动词连用,表示“放弃;丧失”:
He talked his wife out of buying a new bicycle. 他说服妻子不买新自行车了。
另外,out of与其他词可以构成许多实用、常见的固定词组,这些词组有:
out of action (失去作用;停止运动),out of breath(上气不接下气),out of control(失去控制),out of date(过时),out of doubt(确定无疑),out of fashion(过时了),out of kindness(出于好意),out of order(不整齐;次序颠倒),out of one’s power(力所不及),out of place(不适当,不相称),out of question(毫无疑问),out of the question(不可能;成问题),out of shape(变形),out of work(失业)等。
·模块七 Unit7: In the future 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. able adj. 有能力的
She is an able secretary. 她是一位能干的秘书。
2. planet n. 行星
The planets move around the sun. 行星绕着太阳转。
指点迷津: star, planet与satellite
star指恒星,planet指行星,satellite指卫星。太阳、地球和月亮就分别属于这三种。
3. pill n. 药丸;药片
She had to take sleeping pills every night. 她每天夜里都得服安眠药。
4. meal n. 餐;一顿饭
They cooked their own meals.他们自己做饭吃。
指点迷津:dinner 与meal
(1) dinner指“正餐(午饭或晚饭)”或“宴会”。
Come to dinner with us tonight. 今晚和我们共进晚餐吧。
(2) meal指“一餐(一顿饭)”而言。
We have three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。
5. hope n. 希望;期望
v. 希望,期望(某事发生)
【友情提示】 hope既可作名词用也可作动词用,使用时应注意区分。
Do you have any hope that he'll come?你觉得他有可能过来吗?(hope作名词)
I hope that he will succeed. 我希望他会成功。(hope作动词,后接宾语从句)
I hope to see you and your family soon. 我期待不久就能见到你和你的家人。(hope作动词,后接动词不定式)
6. secret adj. 秘密的;保密的
We discovered a secret passage behind the wall. 我们在墙后发现了一条秘密通道。
【拓展】 secret n. 秘密:What’s the secret of baking good bread? 烘烤出好面包的秘诀是什么?
7. sign v. 签(名);签字
He signed his name on the contract. 他在合同上签了名。
【拓展】 sign n. 标志:The sign says“No parking”. 告示牌上写着“禁止停车”。
8. * seal v. 密封
The envelope was firmly sealed. 这个信封封得很严实。
【拓展】 seal n. 海豹
9. everyone pron. 每人;人人
I'm sure everybody else will agree with me. 我敢说其他人都会同意我的想法。
【近义词】 everybody pron. 每人;人人
指点迷津:everyone 与every one
everyone相当于everybody,是代词,意为“每个人;人人;大家”,不具体指哪一个人。它作主语时,谓语用第三人称单数形式。
Everyone is here except Tom. 除汤姆外,大家都到了。
everyone只能指人,不能指物;every one既可指人,也可指物。
Every one/Everyone in our class likes playing football.我们班人人都喜欢踢足球。
There is something wrong with every one of the bikes.这些自行车每辆都有毛病。
every one可以和of连用构成短语,而everyone则不能。
Every one of us is getting ready for the exam. 我们每个人都在为考试做准备。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. talk about讨论;谈论;商谈
The author likes to talk about his work. 这位作者喜欢谈论自己的作品。
We can talk about this matter at the meeting. 我们可以在会上讨论这件事情。
【近义词】 discuss v. 讨论
2. (be) able to意为“能够;有能力”,与can意思相近。
You'll be able to come, won't you?你能来的,对吗?
指点迷津:can 与 be able to
(1) can表示“能力”时,在很多场合都可以和be able to换用。但要表示过去经过一番努力才能完成的事情时,只能用be able to。
【正】 Can you speak any foreign languages?你会说外语吗?
【正】 Are you able to speak any foreign languages?你会说外语吗?
【正】 The fire spread to the whole building quickly but everybody was able to escape. 大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼,但大家都逃了出来。
【误】 The fire spread to the whole building quickly but everybody could escape.
(2) be able to 比 can有更多的变化形式。
When he grows up, he will be able to support his family. 长大后他就能养家了。
Frank is ill. He hasn't been able to go to school for a week. 弗兰克病了,他已经有一个星期没去上学了。
I'm sorry for not being able to help you in time. 对不起,我未能及时帮你的忙。
(3) could经常和see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand等动词连用。
When we went into the house, we could smell something burning.
进屋时,我们闻到什么东西烧焦了。(不用was able to)
She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what she said.
虽然她讲话的声音很低,但我还是明白了她说的话。
(4) 在谈论和说话时发生的动作,一般用can而不用be able to。
【正】 Look!I can swim.看!我会游泳了!
【误】 Look! I'm able to swim.
3. travel to是“去(某地)”的意思。与go to相比,travel to往往指路上花费的时间相对较长、距离较远。
She travels to Europe this summer. 这个夏天她去欧洲旅行了。
4. write down意为“将……写下¨。
I want to write down the words. 我想把这些单词写下来。
·模块八 Unit8: A more enjoyable school life 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的;令人愉快的
The trip was much more enjoyable than we had expected. 这次旅行比我们所预期的更愉快。
【拓展】 enjoy v. 享受……的乐趣 enjoyably adv. 愉快地;有趣地
【近义词】 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
2. * ideal adj. 理想的,完美的,最合适的
It is an ideal day for a picnic. 这是一个外出野餐的好日子。
【拓展】 ideal n. 理想
I am looking for a house in the country but haven't found my ideal yet.
我正在乡下找一栋房子,但还没有找到理想的(房子)。
3. conduct v. 组织;安排
The guide conducted us on a tour of the oldest museum in the country. 导游带我们游览了这个国家最古老的博物馆。
My aunt conducts her business very successfully. 我婶婶把她的企业经营得很成功。
【拓展】 conductor n. 领导者;经理;售票员;列车长
4. modern adj. 现代化的
In the afternoon they went to an exhibition of modern art. 他们下午去参观了现代艺术展。
She wears a modern dress. 她穿着一件时髦的礼服。
【近义词】 up-to-date adj. 最新(式)的;现代化的
【反义词】 out-of-date adj. 落后的;过时的
5. experiment n. 实验,试验
Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experience. 一些人通过实验学习,另一些人则从经验中学习。
The teacher gave each of us a piece of paper before doing the experiment. 实验之前,老师给我们每人发了一张纸。
【拓展】 experiment n. 做实验;做试验:Some scientists experiment on animals. 有些科学家用动物做试验。
6. organize v. 组织;筹备
Jane organized the party. She asked people to come and bought the food and drinks.
简组织了这个聚会。 她请大家参加,并买了食品和饮料。
【拓展】 organization n. 组织;构成;编制:They have set up a student organization. 他们成立了一个学生组织。
7. impossible adj. 不可能存在(或做到)的;不可能的
I can't come today; it’ s impossible. 今天我不能来,实在是没有办法。
【反义词】 possible adj. 可能的
【拓展】 im-是一个常见的反义词前缀,通常用于以字母p开头的形容词前。又如:
polite(有礼貌的)→impolite(无礼的;粗鲁的)
8. necessary adj. 必需的;必要的
Sleeping is necessary to health. 睡眠对健康是必需的。
【反义词】unnecessary adj. 不必要的
9. unnecessary adj. 不需要的;不必要的;多余的
All those clothes are unnecessary on such a hot day. 在这样一个大热天,所有那些衣服都不需要了。
【反义词】 necessary adj. 必需的;必要的
【拓展】 un-也是一个反义词前缀。又如:comfortable(舒适的)→uncomfortable(不舒服的),like(像)→unlike(不像),able(有能力的)→unable(没有能力的)。
10. uninteresting adj. 不吸引人的;无趣的;无聊的
He was able to finish such an uninteresting task. 他终于完成了这项如此乏味的工作。
【近义词】 boring adj. 乏味的;无趣的
【反义词】 interesting adj. 有趣的
11. yourselves pron. 你们自己
Did you make these cakes yourselves? 这些蛋糕是你们亲手做的吗?
Help yourselves to sandwiches. 请你们随意吃三明治。
help oneself to something意为“随便吃,别客气”。
【拓展】 yourself pron. 你自己
12. ourselves pron. 我们自己
We have a bathroom to ourselves. 我们自己有一间浴室。
We have bought ourselves a new house. 我们给自己买了一栋新房子。
【拓展】 myself pron. 我自己
13. themselves pron. 他们自己;她们自己;它们自己
They went to see it for themselves. 他们自己亲自去看了。
The teacher told the children to behave themselves. 老师叫孩子们规矩一点。
【拓展】 himself pron. 他自己 herself pron. 她自己 itself pron. 它自己
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. find out意为“查明;弄清楚”。
指点迷津: find, find out 与 look for
(1) find意为“发现;找到”,指通过搜索找到、发现藏匿或遗失的人或物,强调找到的结果。
I can't find my pen. 我找不到我的钢笔了。
(2) find out意为“查明;弄清楚”,指经过探听、询问、调查之后,才发现某物。
Please find out the answer to the question. 请找出这个问题的答案。
Please find out whose key it is. 请查明这是谁的钥匙。
(3) look for意为“寻找”,强调找的过程或动作。
-What are you looking for? 你在找什么?
-I'm looking for my watch. 我在找我的手表。
2. put up意为“张贴;置……于明显处”。
They put up a poster high on the wall. 他们在墙壁的高处张贴了一张海报。
【拓展】 put up还有其他含义:
(1)提高:The workers asked their boss to put up their salaries. 工人们要求老板提高他们的工资。
(2)给某人提供住宿:We can put all of you up for the night. 我可以安排你们所有人过夜。
3. clean up是“打扫(或清除)干净”的意思。
You should always clean up the room. 你应该经常清理房间。
【拓展】 clean-up n.(口语)扫除;清扫
The clean-up began immediately in the street after the typhoon went away. 台风过后,清扫大街的工作马上就展开了。
·模块九 Unit9: The wind is blowing 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. paragraph n. 段,段落
Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. 将下列各段翻译成中文。
【拓展】 paragraph v. 将……分段
The teacher asked the students to paragraph an essay in class. 老师让学生们在课堂上给一篇文章分段。
2. correct adj. 准确无误的;精确的;正确的
Your answer to the question is correct. 你对这个问题的回答是正确的。
【拓展】 correct v. 改正;纠正:Would you help me correct my pronunciation?你能帮我纠正发音吗?
correction n. 修正;改正;校正
I’ve made a few small corrections to your report. 我对你的报告作了几处小的修改。
correctly adv. 正确地:He answered the teacher’s question correctly. 他正确地回答了老师的问题。
【近义词】 right adj. 正确的;对的
【反义词】 incorrect adj. 错误的;不正确的 wrong adj. 错误的;不正确的
3. order n. 顺序;次序
The names are in alphabetical order. 这些名字按字母顺序排列。
【拓展】 order作名词时,常见含义有:
(1)命令;指示:He gave orders that the job must be done in three days. 他指示三天内必须完成这项工作。
(2)秩序:The young teacher can't keep order in her class. 那位年轻教师无法维持课堂秩序。
(3)订单:The company received a large order for computers. 这家公司接到一份求购电脑的大订单。
(4)点菜:May I take your order now? 您可以点菜了吗?
【拓展】 order v. 命令;嘱咐;吩咐:The officer ordered them to fire. 军官命令他们开火。
4. strength n. 体力;力气;力量
He hasn't got enough strength to remove that stone. 他没有足够的力气搬走那块石头。
I haven't the strength to carry you. 我抱不动你。
【近义词】 power n. 力;力量;体力;精力
【拓展】 strong adj. 强壮的
指点迷津:power, force, energy 与 strength
(1) power主要指人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的能力、权力或功能。
We use wind power to proddce eleotricity. 我们用风能发电。
(2) force主要指自然界的力量和社会里的暴力、势力、说服力、压制力以及法律、道德或情感的力量。
The window was stuck, but father got it open by force. 窗户关得很死,爸爸用力才把它推开。
There is force in what he said. 他的话很有说服力。
(3) energy主要指人的精力、工作或活动的能力、自然界的能等。
Old as he is, he has such energy that he can work 14 hours a day.
尽管年事已高,他仍有足够的精力每天工作14个小时。
(4) strength主要指一人或一物所含的内在力量,能用以从事、忍受或抵抗许多事物。
Union is strength. 团结就是力量。
5. proud adj. 骄傲的;自豪的;得意的
She is proud that she is the cheerleader of the school.她因身为学校啦啦队队长而感到自豪。
I'm proud to be your friend. 做你的朋友我感到骄傲。
【拓展】 pride n. 自大;骄傲;傲慢;自豪:He looked at his painting with pride. 他得意地看着他的画。
6. brightly adv.阳光灿烂地;光线充足地;明亮地
The garden is full of brightly coloured flowers. 这个花园里满是色彩鲜艳的花朵。
Dewdrops shine brightly in the sunshine. 露珠在阳光下闪闪发光。
【拓展】 bright adj. 明亮的:The bright sun lit up the world. 灿烂的阳光照亮了世界。
brightness n. 亮度;光辉;光明:The light hurt my eyes with its brightness. 明亮的灯光刺痛了我的眼睛。
7. * sweat v. 出汗;流汗
He was sweating buckets. 他大汗淋漓。
【拓展】 sweat n. 汗:There was sweat on his forehead. 他的额头上冒出了汗。
sweater n.毛线衫:She wore a sweater and jeans. 她穿着毛衣及牛仔裤。
8. stick n. 棍;棒 v. 粘;贴( stuck, stuck)
【拓展】 stick是兼类词。请注意stick一词在下面句子中的词性和含义:
Grandpa still walks without a stick. 爷爷不拄拐杖仍能走路。(stick作名词,意为“拐杖”)
They stuck the notice on the wall. 他们把通知贴在墙上。(stick作动词,意为“粘贴”)
9. onto prep. 向;朝
on是表示静态的方位介词,意为“在……上”。 Your book is on the table.您的书在桌子上。
而onto是表示动态的方位介词,意为“到……上”。 The cat jumped onto the table:猫跳到桌子上去了。
10. tie v.系;绑
He tied the magazines with string. 他用绳子捆杂志。
【拓展】 tie n. 领带
11. rise v. 升起(rose, risen)
The river has risen several metres. 河水上升了好几米。
The sun has not risen yet. 太阳还没升起。
【拓展】 rise n. 上升;增加:There will be a rise in salary next year. 明年薪水会增加。
指点迷津: rise 与raise
(1) rise是“上升;上涨;起床;站立”的意思。该词含义较广,总的意思是指依次上升,如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升以及人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。该词为不及物动词。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 日出于东而落于西。
The chairman rose from his chair. 主席从椅子上站了起来。
(2) raise用作及物动词,其基本含义是“使升起来;举起”,它的过去分词和过去式都是raised。
Heavy rains raised the river. 暴雨使河水水位升高。
His speech raised my interest. 他的发言激起了我的兴趣。
12. * dive v. ①俯冲
The seagulls soared then dived. 海鸥翱翔着,然后俯冲下来。
②跳水
She dived beautifully. 她跳水姿势优美。
He dived into the river to save a drowning child. 他跳入河中救一个溺水的小孩。
【拓展】 dive n. 潜水;跳水,俯冲:What a beautiful dive!多么优美的跳水动作!
13. * flap v. (上下或左右)拍打
I flapped the flies away but soon they flew back. 我把苍蝇拍赶走,但一会儿它们又飞回来了。
14. sail v.(船)航行;(人)乘船航行
The dinghy sailed smoothly across the lake. 小艇平稳地驶过湖面。
He sailed the boat between the islands. 他驾船在两岛之间航行。
【拓展】 sail n. 帆;篷;乘船旅行
How many days' sail is it from Dalian to Guangzhou?从大连到广州有几天的航程?
sailor n. 水手:He was a sailor in the army. 他曾是部队里的一名水兵。
15. lean v. 倾斜;屈身(leant, leant或leaned, leaned)
The trees leant in the wind. 树在风中倾斜。
He leaned on the back of the sofa. 他斜靠在沙发背上。
【拓展】 lean adj. 肉少的;瘦且健康的:He was tall, lean and handsome. 他长得瘦高而英俊。
leaning n.倾向;偏向:a leaning towards comedy rather than tragedy偏爱喜剧而不是悲剧
16. speed v. 快速前行(sped, sped, speeded, speeded)
Tom was fined for speeding. 汤姆因超速行车而被罚款。
The ambulance sped to the hospital. 救护车急速驶向医院。
【拓展】 speed n. 速度:The train is travelling at a speed of sixty miles an hour.火车正以每小时60英里的速度行驶。
17. among prep. 在……中;周围是
指点迷津:among 与between
among一般用于三者或三者以上,意为“在……中间”,其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量以及具有复数(或集合)意义的名词或代词。
They hid themselves among the trees. 他们躲在树林中。
I found it among a pile of old books. 我在一堆旧书中找到了它。
此外,among还用于下列情况:
(1)用来引出最高级的比较范围。
The book is the best among the modern novels. 在现代小说中,这本是最好的。
(2)表示“是……当中的一个”(相当于one of)。
Paris is among the largest cities in the world. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
between 一般指两者之间,其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词,或者是由and连接的两个人或物。
There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个男孩打过一架。
I'm usually free between Tuesday and Thursday. 我通常在星期二与星期四之间有空。
18. slide v.(使)滑动;滑行(slid, slid)
The car slid into the river. 汽车滑进了小河里。
【拓展】 slide n. 滑梯;幻灯片
The children were taking turns on the slides on the playground. 孩子们在操场上轮流玩滑梯。
They are attracted by the slide show. 他们被幻灯片所吸引。
19. * dimple n. 酒窝
Mary has two dimples when she smiles. 玛丽一笑,脸上就露出两个酒窝。
【拓展】 dimple v. 使……现酒窝
Her cheeks dimpled as she smiled. 她一笑,脸上就露出了酒窝。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. show off 炫耀;卖弄
He is showing off his new mobile phone. 他正在炫耀他的新手机。
2. take off 意为“脱下(衣服等)”
You'd better take off your coat. It's very warm inside. 你还是把外套脱了吧,里面挺暖和的。
【反义词】 put on穿上;戴上
【拓展】 take off还有如下含义:
(1)起飞:The plane will take off in twenty minutes. 飞机将在20分钟后起飞。
(2)取消:The sports meet was taken off because of the bad weather. 运动会因为天气不好而被迫取消。
·模块十 Unit10: Water Festival 词汇梳理
Ⅰ. Words.
1. form n. 形态;形式
It is in the form of a cresscent. 它是新月形的。
After six months' training, the whole team is in great form. 经过六个月的训练;全队进入极佳的竞技状态。
【拓展】 form v. 形成,构成
He forms the habit of getting up early. 他养成了早起的习惯。
The boys formed a line. 男孩们排成了一行。
2. freeze v.(使)冻结,结冰(froze, frozen)
It froze hard last night. 昨夜有严重冰冻。
Water freezes at 0℃. 0℃时水会结冰。
【拓展】frozen adj. 冰冻的;冷冻的
These frozen foods are the most convenient of all. 这些冷冻食品最为方便。
freezing adj. 极冷的;严寒的:
It's very cold today; the temperature has dropped to the freezing point.今天很冷,温度降到了冰点。
3. * lid n.(容器的)盖;盖子
He banged the lid down. 砰的一声,他把盖子盖上了。
She lifted the lid of the pot to add some salt. 她掀起锅盖加了点儿盐。
4. second n. 秒
She can run 100 metres in just over 11 seconds. 她跑完100米只需11秒多一点点。
【拓展】 second作名词表示“秒”时,常见用法如下:
(1)for several seconds一连几秒钟:For several seconds, he did not reply. 一连几秒钟,他都没有回答。
(2)every... seconds每……秒钟:The light flashes every 5 seconds. 灯光每5秒钟闪烁一次。
(3) per second每秒:The water flows at about 1.5 metres per second. 水的流速约为每秒1.5米。
second num. 第二的;第二次的 adv.第二;其次
5. connect v.(使)连接
Will you connect this wire to the television? 你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗?
【拓展】 connection n. 连接;结合:
The connection of our telephones took several hours. 我们用了好几个小时才接通了电话。
6. allow v.允许;准许
She allowed us to watch TV for a while. 她允许我们看一会儿电视。
Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment. 老师给他们三天时间完成作业。
Swimming is not allowed at this beach. 这片海滩禁止游泳。(相当于You mustn't swim at this beach.)
7. safety n. 安全
The police are concerned for the safety of the 12-year-old boy who has been missing for three day.
那个12岁的男孩失踪3天了,警察对他的安全感到担忧。
【拓展】 safe adj. 安全的 safely adv.安全地 save v.挽救;节省
【反义词】 danger n. 危险
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
1. * ice cube n. 小冰块
Please bring me some ice cubes and water. 请给我带一些冰块和水,
【拓展】 cube是名词,意为“立方体;正六面体”,也可表示“立方;三次幂”的意思。
A square has four corners; a cube has eight. 正方形有四个角;立方体有八个角。
The cube of 2 is 8. 二的三次幂是八。
2. think about意为“思考;考虑”。
Now we should think about buying a new house. 现在我们应该想一想买新房的事了。
3. cool down意为“变凉;冷却下来”。
We cooled down with a swim in the lake. 在湖里游泳后,我们感到凉快了。
Drink plenty of cold water to cool yourself down. 多喝点凉水,凉快凉快。
【拓展】 cool down还有“冷静;平静”的意思。
I won’t talk to you until you cool down first. 我等你先冷静下来才会跟你谈。
It took her a long time to cool down after the argument. 争论过后好久,她才得以平静下来。
4. turn into意为“转变成”。
Caterpillars turn into butterflies. 毛毛虫可以变成蝴蝶。
A small campfire may turn into a terrible forest fire. 小小的营火可能会变成一场可怕的森林火灾。
5. play with是‘‘玩耍’’的意思,后接玩耍的对象。
Does it make sense to let children play with matches? 让小孩玩火柴有道理吗?
The little boy did not dare to play with dogs. 这个小男孩不敢和狗玩。
·模块十一 Unit11 Electricity 词汇梳理
考点1. electricity [ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti]
【词性】n.
【词义】电;电能
【易混淆点】electricity 电;电能
electric 导电的; 电动的
electrical 用电的
electronic 电子的; 电子操纵的;
【经典例句】
Electricity around us.
围绕在我们身边的电。
考点2. lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ]
【词性】n.
【词义】闪电
【易混淆点】lightning 闪电
lighten 点亮
【经典例句】
On a dark night,when lightning flashes.
在一个黑夜里,当闪电闪过。
考点3. pylon [ˈpaɪlən]
【词性】n.
【词义】电缆塔
【经典例句】
See the pylons carrying wires on the arms of their tall spires.
请看那电缆塔高高的尖端臂状物支撑着电线。
考点4.flash[flæʃ]
【词性】v.
【词义】使闪耀;闪光
【易混淆点】flash 使闪耀;闪光
crash 使发出巨响
【经典例句】
When lightning flashes,what do you see?
当闪电闪过,你看到了什么?
考点5.thunder [ˈθʌndə(r)]
【词性】n.
【词义】雷;雷声
【经典例句】
On a dark night,when thunder crashes.
在一个黑夜里,当雷声发出巨响。
考点6. crash [kræʃ]
【词性】v.
【词义】使发出巨响
【易混淆点】crash 使发出巨响
flash 使闪耀;闪光
【经典例句】
When thunder crashes, what do you see?
当雷声响起,你看到什么?
考点7.wire [ˈwaɪə(r)]
【词性】n.
【词义】电线;导线
【易混淆点】wire 电线;导线
fire 火
【经典例句】
See the pylons carrying wires on the arms of their tall spires.
请看那电缆塔高高的尖端臂状物支撑着电线。
考点8. fright [fraɪt]
【词性】n.
【词义】惊吓;恐怖
【易混淆点】fright 惊吓;恐怖
frighten 使惊吓
frightened 感到惊吓的
frightening 令人惊吓的,恐怖的
【经典例句】
Something in the wire gave him a fright.
电线里的某些东西吓他一跳。
考点9. 9)carry[həʊl]
【词性】v.
【词义】支撑;承载
【易混淆点】carry 支撑;承载
carriage 火车车厢
【经典例句】
See the pylons carrying wires on the arms of their tall spires.
请看那电缆塔高高的尖端臂状物支撑着电线。
考点10. spire [ˈspaɪə(r)]
【词性】n.
【词义】尖顶
【易混淆点】spire 尖顶
inspire 鼓舞
【经典例句】
See the pylons carrying wires on the arms of their tall spires.
请看那电缆塔高高的尖端臂状物支撑着电线。
考点11. plug [plʌg]
【词性】n.
【词义】插座
【易混淆点】plug插座
pug 哈巴狗
【经典例句】
Then it comes into our homes,to plugs and lights in every room.
然后它进入大家家里,进入到每个房间的插座和灯泡。
考点12. importance [ɪmˈpɔ:tns]
【词性】n.
【词义】重要性
【易混淆点】important重要的
importance重要性
【经典例句】
The importance of electricity.
电的重要性。
考点13. appliance [əˈplaɪəns]
【词性】n.
【词义】电器;器具
【易混淆点】appliance 电器
device 电子设备
equipment 大型装备
【经典例句】
What electrical appliances do people use at home?
人们在家使用什么电器?
考点14. efficiently [ɪ'fɪʃntlɪ]
【词性】adv.
【词义】效率高地
【易混淆点】efficient 高效的
efficiently 效率高地
【经典例句】
Computers help us work more efficiently.
电脑帮助我们的工作更高效。
考点15. transport [ˈtrænspɔ:t]
【词性】n.
【词义】交通工具
【易混淆点】transport 交通工具
transportation交通
【经典例句】
Some kinds of public transport in Garden City use electricity.
在花园城市,有许多种公共交通工具都需要电。
考点16. operate [ˈɒpəreɪt]
【词性】v.
【词义】运转;工作
【易混淆点】operate 运转;工作
operation 手术;操作
【经典例句】
It started operating in 1998.
它在1998年开始运行。
考点17. through [θru:]
【词性】prep.
【词义】穿过;贯穿
【易混淆点】through 穿过;贯穿
though 尽管
【经典例句】
It runs through tunnels for eight kilometres.
它通过隧道运行8千米。
考点18mainly [ˈmeɪnli]
【词性】adv.
【词义】主要地;大致
【易混淆点】mainly 穿过;贯穿
main 主要的
【经典例句】
The station buildings are mainly made of glass.
站建筑楼主要是玻璃造成的。
考点19. seat [si:t]
【词性1】n.
【词义1】座位;坐处
【词性2】v.
【词义2】使就坐
【易混淆点】seat 座位;使就坐
sit 坐,坐下
【经典例句】
How many seats are there in each carriage?
每节车厢有多少个座位?
版块二
实践专练
1.It isn’t always safe (pay) over the Internet.
2.These are your (key).
3.Jimmy is one of the most famous football in this city. (coach)
4.What activities would you like (take) part in after school?
5.These are pages from the children’s for Saturday. (diary)
6.Do you like films or cartoon films? (act)
7.He needn’t at home on weekends. (stay)
8.He lives on the (three) floor.
9.The thief was caught by two . (policeman)
10.Every friend always (have) a good time at the party.
11.Dick is reading a (fun) story.
12.Never go near the lions. They are the kings in the animal world and very (danger).
13.The weather was really (fantasy). Let’s go hiking.
14.There are many kinds of (luck) animals because people kill them for money.
15.All of our students must be (friend) to the old people.
16.Collecting is his hobby.(coin)
17.We wish each other and health during the Spring Festival. (happy)
18.Do you know who writes so many ? (poet)
19.Our teacher asked us to write a about spring. (poet)
20. (everyone)is cleaning the classroom. Why don’t you do it?
21.We went to the supermarket this morning and bought many different kinds of . (vegetable)
22. means adding dirty or harmful things to land, air, water and so on. (pollute)
23.We will have a picnic if it is this weekend. (sun)
24.My brother is good at writing and he dreams of being a . (write).
25.I’ll be a professor in Fudan University. (possible)
26.Betty can speak four different . (language)
27.People will understand each other if they use the same language. (well)
28.In three time, what will happen to our class? (month)
29.I saw him the library just now. (enter)
30.Do you think the earth (go) around the sun?
31.I (meet) my maths teacher when I was walking in the street.
32.The picture shows six of the eight (planet) in the solar system (太阳系).
33.We are teenagers now, so we should learn to take care of (we).
34.The children are old enough to look after (them).
35.Modern Chinese Art (it) needs new works to keep it alive and moving forward.
36.—Is everything ready for the meeting?
—Not yet, we also need some fruit. (many)
37.It’s a good habit to keep your room (tidy) every day.
38.China is one of (old) countries in the world.
39.Jimmy has (little) than 20 yuan. That’s not enough for a football.
40.I think she is the (good) singer in China.
41.Jenny’s mother is one of the greatest (music) in Europe.
42.Don’t (answer) the phone while driving on the road. It’s too dangerous.
43.I’m going to the supermarket to buy some this afternoon. (battery)
44. (ask) Cindy for the book.
45. (do) the work right now, Jim.
46.Please (tell) me the news.
47.—Bill, let’s ________ (go) to the book store.
—Good idea!
48.Do you want to join our club? Please (talk) to Tom after class.
49.Please (teach) me how to play the guitar.
50.After Jim, Jenny is the (two) student to finish the homework.
51.—Can you see in the classroom?
—No, I can’t. I think they’re having a meeting in the playground. (someone)
52.The bag looks heavy for the woman but her son can (carry) it for her.
53.Don’t worry. If it (rain), I will go with you.
54.Millions of come to Shanghai to shop every year. ( tour)
55.We haven’t which place to visit this weekend. (decision)
56.There was a about computers in our school yesterday. (compete)
57.Joy likes laughing and I can hear his even in the next room. (laugh)
58.Our history teacher often tells us jokes and our class is always full of . (laugh)
59.The police caught the with the help of AI a week ago. (rob)
60.All the guests in the meeting room for a long time. (wait)
61.Jenny the novel for three times. (read)
62.Everyone (have) a good time at the party.
63.When the bell (ring), I run to the playground with my best friends.
64.The thick wire is to the power station. (connect)
65.We are that the headmaster agreed to give us help at once. (surprise)
66.His pen friends often give him some advice. (use)
67.The sick man is getting . We’d better send him to the hospital at once. (ill)
68.It is not that Tom can pass the exam because he is always hardworking. (surprise)
69.The food in the restaurant is good, but the music is too (noise).
70.Don’t consider him to be a fool. He’s not (fool).
71.It is to walk there in ten minutes. It’s about 5 kilometres away. (possible)
72.Don’t waste time that. It’s useless. (do)
73. people ask for more things after they have got enough. (greed)
74.Tom will go to another country. We wish him and health forever. (happy)
75.It’s 5 o’clock in the afternoon. The sun will soon. (appear)
76.How it is for me to lie on the grass on a sunny day! (comfort)
77. are beautiful insects. (butterfly)
78.Thomas (return) her hometown next week.
79.He was so that he left the company. (disappoint)
80.Look! The snow . Let’s go outside. (stop)
81.The bridge suddenly down yesterday. (fall)
82.I feel sorry for what I have done. (awful)
83.Make some on how to design a travel guide. (suggest)
84.Kitty is going to buy some flowers for her mother’s birthday. (forty)
85.To our , the spring outing was cancelled because of the rain. (disappoint)
86.The talk he made yesterday makes us (happiness).
87.The weather is here. (change)
88.Some experts (test)for pollution in the water at the moment and the result will come out soon.
89.Are there computers on (everyone) desk?
90.Yesterday Alice tried paragliding and she enjoyed (her) very much.
91.You needn’t help the children with the math problem. They can work it out . (they)
92.I’m going to eat French fries and more fruit. (few)
93.—Eric, is this your bike?
—No, ________ is under the tree. (my)
94.My dream home is quite different from (she).
95.Look! My mom and dad are in the (two) photo.
96.Don’t (speak) loudly, please! You’re in the library.
97.To his , his team didn’t win the first prize in the game. (disappoint)
98.The Internet has us to study at home during the pandemic. (able)
99.After hours of walking, the student’s feet and legs became much (pain).
100.There is an at Sheshan. (observe)
参考答案:
1.to pay
【详解】句意:在网上支付不总是安全的。该句为it形式主语结构it is+形容词+to do,to do不定式是真正的主语。故填to pay。
2.keys
【详解】句意:这些是你的钥匙。key“钥匙”,可数名词,根据are可知,名词用复数形式。故填keys。
3.coaches
【详解】句意:吉米是这个城市里最著名的足球教练之一。根据空前的“one of the most famous football”可知,此处考查固定搭配“one of the+adj.最高级+可数名词复数”,表“最……之一”,所以,coach“教练”的复数形式coaches符合题意。故填coaches。
4.to take
【详解】句意:放学后你想参加什么活动?would you like to do sth“你想做……”,所以此处填不定式,故填to take。
5.diaries
【详解】句意:这些是来自周六的儿童日记的页面。diary“日记”,可数名词。根据“from the children’s”可知,此处应用名词复数形式。故填diaries。
6.action
【详解】句意:你喜欢动作电影还是卡通电影?固定短语action films“动作电影”,action“动作”。故填action。
7.stay
【详解】句意:他周末不必待在家里。此处need是情态动词,needn’t后接动词原形,故填stay。
8.third
【详解】句意:他住在三楼。three是基数词,此处是指楼层,应用序数词third,故填third。
9.policemen
【详解】句意:小偷被两个警察抓住了。根据“two”可知,此处用可数名词的复数。故填policemen。
10.has
【详解】句意: 每个朋友在聚会上总是玩得很开心。句子是一般现在时,此句的主语是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词应用单三形式。故填has。
11.funny
【详解】句意:迪克正在读一个有趣的故事。空处作定语修饰story,可以用funny“有趣的”。故填funny。
12.dangerous
【详解】句意:永远不要靠近狮子。它们是动物世界的王者,非常危险。根据“Never go near the lions.”以及所给词可知,应说狮子是危险的,dangerous“危险的”,作表语。故填dangerous。
13.fantastic
【详解】句意:天气真是太好了。我们去远足吧。结合提示词和空前的was可知,空格处应填形容词fantastic“极好的”,作表语。故填fantastic。
14.unlucky
【详解】句意:有很多种不幸的动物,因为人们为了钱而杀死它们。根据“because people kill them for money.”可知,有很多种不幸的动物。故填unlucky。
15.friendly
【详解】句意:我们所有的学生都必须对老年人很友好。be friendly to“对…… 友好”,固定短语,故填friendly。
16.coins
【详解】句意:收集硬币是他的爱好。本空缺名词,又因为coin“硬币”为可数名词,且空前无冠词,故此空应填可数名词单数作主语。故填coins。
17.happiness
【详解】句意:在春节期间,我们祝福彼此幸福和健康。happy“快乐的”,形容词。根据“and health”可知,and连接并列成分,health“健康”为不可数名词,故空格处也应用名词形式,即happiness“幸福”,不可数名词。故填happiness。
18.poems
【详解】句意:你知道谁写了这么多的诗吗?根据“ writes”可知此处指“写诗”;poet诗人,应改为poem “诗”,so many后接复数名词。故填poems。
19.poem
【详解】句意:我们老师要求我们写一首关于春天的诗歌。根据“...write a...about spring”可知此处应填名词单数poem“诗歌”,作宾语。故填poem。
20.Everyone
【详解】句意:每个人都在打扫教室。你为什么不去做呢?everyone“每个人”,复合不定代词作主语,首字母要大写,故填Everyone。
21.vegetables
【详解】句意:今天早上我们去了超市,买了许多不同种类的蔬菜。所给词vegetable为可数名词,由“many different kinds of”可知,填空处应用复数。故填vegetables。
22.Pollution
【详解】句意:污染意味着给土地、空气、水等添加脏的或有害的东西。分析句子及所给词可知,此处缺少主语,所给词pollute“污染”为动词,其名词为pollution,是不可数名词,位于句首开头字母大写。故填Pollution。
23.sunny
【详解】句意:如果这周末天气晴朗的话我们就去野餐。根据系动词“is”可推断,此处需要形容词作表语,所给词sun为名词,其形容词为sunny“晴朗的”。故填sunny。
24.writer
【详解】句意:我哥哥擅长写作,他梦想成为一名作家。分析句子及所给单词可知,此处表达“成为一名作家”,所给动词write“写作”的名词为writer“作家”。故填writer。
25.possibly
【详解】句意:我将来可能成为复旦大学的教授。空处修饰句中的动词,应用副词形式,故填possibly。
26.languages
【详解】句意:Betty会说四种不同的语言。根据“four different”可知此处用可数名词复数languages。故填languages。
27.better
【详解】句意:如果人们使用相同的语言,他们会更好地理解彼此。根据“if they use the same language”可知,此处隐含着比较,应用比较级,well的比较级是better,故填better。
28.months’
【详解】句意:三个月之后,我们班会发生什么?空处修饰其后的名词,指的是“三个月的时间”,应用所有格形式,空前有three修饰,此处名词应用复数形式,所有格直接加’即可,故填months’。
29.enter
【详解】句意:我刚才看到他进了图书馆。结合“just now”可知,此处用see sb do sth的结构,故填enter。
30.goes
【详解】句意:你知道地球绕着太阳转吗?从句陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语是单数名词,动词用三单形式,故填goes。
31.met
【详解】句意:我在街上走的时候遇到了我的数学老师。根据“when I was walking in the street.”可知,此处动词应用过去式,故填met。
32.planets
【详解】句意:这幅图展现了太阳系八大行星中的六个。数词eight后接可数名词复数,planet为可数名词,意思是“行星”。故填planets。
33.ourselves
【详解】句意:我们现在是青少年,所以我们应该学会照顾自己。we“我们”,人称代词主格。此处指“我们”应该学会照顾自己,故用其反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。
34.themselves
【详解】句意:孩子们足够大能自己照顾自己了。根据“The children are old enough to look after…”可知应是孩子们照顾他们自己,要用反身代词。所给词them“他们”,人称代词宾格,其反身代词为themselves“他们自己”,故填themselves。
35.itself
【详解】句意:《中国现代艺术》本身需要新的作品来保持它的生命力和前进。根据“Modern Chinese Art”可知此处指《中国现代艺术》本身,用反身代词itself“它自己”。故填itself。
36.more
【详解】句意:——会议的一切准备好了吗?——还没有,我们还需要更多的水果。根据“we also need some...fruit”可知,此处用比较级,即还需要更多的水果,故填more。
37.tidy
【详解】句意:每天保持房间整洁是一个好习惯。tidy“整洁的”,形容词,“keep sth.+形容词”,意为“使某物保持什么状态”,故填tidy。
38.the oldest
【详解】句意:中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。根据“in the world”可知此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”,old的最高级为oldest。故填oldest。
39.less
【详解】句意:吉米只有不到20元钱。这不够买一个足球。根据“than”可知,此处应用比较级。故填less。
40.best
【详解】句意:我认为她是中国最好的歌手。根据the以及in China可知,此处表示三者以上的比较,要用最高级,good的最高级是best,故填best。
41.musicians
【详解】句意:珍妮的母亲是欧洲最伟大的音乐家之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式表示“最……之一”,空白处填写名词的复数形式。由句意可知,此处表示“音乐家”。故填musicians。
42.answer
【详解】句意:当你在路上开车行驶时不要接听电话。太危险了。answer the phone“接听电话”,动词短语。根据“Don’t...the phone while driving on the road.”可知,该句为祈使句,助动词don’t后接动词原形。故填answer。
43.batteries
【详解】句意:今天下午,我要去超市买一些电池。battery“电池”,可数名词。“some”后接可数名词复数。故填batteries。
44.Ask
【详解】句意:向Cindy要这本书。句子是祈使句,以动词原形开头,ask“问”,句首字母大写。故填Ask。
45.Do
【详解】句意:吉姆,现在就做这项工作。根据“...(do) the work right now, Jim.”可知,是祈使句的肯定形式,用动词原形开头。故填Do。
46.tell
【详解】句意:请告诉我那个消息。根据“Please...(tell) me the news.”可知,句子是祈使句的肯定形式,空处应用动词原形,故填tell。
47.go
【详解】句意:——比尔,我们一起去书店吧。——好主意。根据所给单词和固定结构let’s do sth“让我们做某事”可知,此处用动词原形。故填go。
48.talk
【详解】句意:你想加入我们的俱乐部吗?下课后请和汤姆谈谈。talk“谈话”,动词,该句为祈使句,应用动词原型,故填talk。
49.teach
【详解】句意:请教我如何弹吉他。teach“教”,动词;此句为表示请求的肯定祈使句,谓语应用动词原形。故填teach。
50.second
【详解】句意:在Jim之后,Jenny是第二个完成作业的。空格前面的词语是冠词the,所以要用two的序数词second来填空。故填second。
51.anyone
【详解】句意:——你能看到教室里有人吗?——不,我不能。我想他们正在操场上开会。句子是疑问句,someone用于肯定句,疑问句中应用anyone,故填anyone。
52.carry
【详解】句意:这个包对那位妇女来说看起来很重,但她儿子可以替她拿。carry搬运,是动词,情态动词can后面跟动词原形。故填carry。
53.rains
【详解】句意:别担心。如果下雨,我会和你一起去。此句是if(如果)引导的条件状语从句,主句“I will go with you.”是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时表示将来时。从句主语it是第三人称单数,rain(下雨)的单三是“rains”。故填rains。
54.tourists
【详解】句意:每年有数以百万计的游客来上海购物。根据“Millions of...come to Shanghai to shop every year”可知此处指游客,tour“旅游”,tourist“游客”,再根据millions of修饰可数名词复数,因此用tourist的复数形式。故填tourists。
55.decided
【详解】句意:我们还没有决定这个周末去哪个地方。根据“haven’t”可知,空处应用过去分词decided“决定”与haven’t一起构成现在完成时结构。故填decided。
56.competition
【详解】句意:昨天我们学校举行了一场计算机竞赛。compete“竞争”,是动词,a后用单数名词competition。故填competition。
57.laughter
【详解】句意:乔伊喜欢笑,我甚至在隔壁房间都能听到他的笑声。空处应该用名词作动词hear的宾语,laugh的名词形式是laughter“笑声”,不可数名词。故填laughter。
58.laughter
【详解】句意:我们的历史老师经常给我们讲笑话,我们的课堂总是充满笑声。根据“...full of...”可知此处需要名词,laugh对应的名词形式为laughter。故填laughter。
59.robber
【详解】句意:一个星期前,警察在AI的帮助下抓住了抢劫犯。rob“盗窃,抢劫”,动词;定冠词the后填单数名词robber“抢劫犯”,作宾语。故填robber。
60.have waited
【详解】句意:所有的客人都在会议室等了很长时间。根据“for a long time”可知句子要用现在完成时。wait动词,“等待”,have waited现在完成时形式。故填have waited。
61.has read
【详解】句意:珍妮已经把这本小说读了三遍了。根据“for three times”可知句子要用现在完成时has/have done。主语Jenny是第三人称单数,助动词为has。故填has read。
62.has
【详解】句意:每个人在晚会上都玩得很开心。句子是说明一个事实情况,应用一般现在时,主语是不定代词,动词用三单形式。故填has。
63.rings
【详解】句意:当铃声响起时,我和我最好的朋友们跑向操场。根据“I run to...”可知句子用一般现在时,主语是the bell,谓语动词用单三rings“铃响”。故填rings。
64.connected
【详解】句意:粗电线连接到发电站。connect“连接”,be connected to“连接到……”,固定短语。故填connected。
65.surprised
【详解】句意:我们很惊讶校长同意立即给我们帮助。此处作be动词的表语用形容词,形容人用surprised“吃惊的”。故填surprised。
66.useful
【详解】句意:他的笔友们经常给他一些有用的建议。use“使用”,动词;根据“some…advice”可知,此处应用其形容词形式useful,作定语,表示“有用的建议”。故填useful。
67.worse
【详解】句意:病人的病情变得更严重了。我们最好马上送他去医院。根据“getting”可知,get“变得”后接形容词;根据“We’d better send him to the hospital at once.”可知,此处指“情况变得更严重”,所以要立刻送去医院,所以填ill的比较级worse。故填worse。
68.surprising
【详解】句意:汤姆可以通过考试一点都不令人吃惊,因为他总是很努力。surprise“吃惊”。根据“It is not...that Tom can pass the exam”可知,汤姆可以通过考试这件事不令人吃惊,空格处应用形容词作表语,且句子真正的主语为that引导的从句,故应用surprising“令人吃惊的”。故填surprising。
69.noisy
【详解】句意:餐厅的食物不错,但音乐太吵了。noise“噪音”,名词;is后跟形容词noisy“吵闹的”作表语。 故填noisy。
70.foolish
【详解】句意:不要以为他是个傻瓜。他并不愚蠢。根据“He’s not...”可知,is后面需要加一个形容词作表语,fool对应的形容词为foolish。故填foolish。
71.impossible
【详解】句意:在十分钟内步行到那里是不可能的。距离大约5公里。句型it is+adj+to do sth表示“做某事如何”,根据“It’s about 5 kilometres away.”可知距离大约5公里,因此是不可能10分钟内走到的,应用impossible表示“不可能的”。故填impossible。
72.doing
【详解】句意:不要浪费时间做那件事。它是无用的。“do”意为“做”,动词;waste time doing sth“浪费时间做某事”,固定搭配,因此这里应用do的动名词形式。故填doing。
73.Greedy
【详解】句意:贪婪的人在得到足够的东西之后,会要求更多。空缺处后为名词“people”,可知空缺处应为形容词作定语,故填Greedy。
74.happiness
【详解】句意:Tom将去另一个国家。我们祝他永远幸福健康。空格处因与名词health并列,可判断为名词;故空处用形容词happy对应的抽象名词happiness“幸福” 。故填happiness。
75.disappear
【详解】句意:现在是下午5点。太阳很快就会消失。根据“It’s 5 o’clock in the afternoon”可知是指太阳很快就会消失。will后接动词原形,disappear“消失”,故填disappear。
76.comfortable
【详解】句意:对我来说,在晴朗的日子里躺在草地上是多么舒服啊!comfort“安慰”,是名词或动词。根据how和句尾的感叹号可知这里考查how引导的感叹句,其结构为How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语。这里应该是“舒服的”,is系动词,系表结构,填形容词comfortable作表语。故填comfortable。
77.Butterflies
【详解】句意:蝴蝶是美丽的昆虫。根据“are”可知主语用复数,butterfly的复数形式butterflies。句子开头首字母大写。故填Butterflies。
78.will return
【详解】句意:托马斯下周将回到她的家乡。由“next week”可知,这里是一般将来时,结构是:will+动词原形,return的动词原形为return。故填will return。
79.disappointed
【详解】句意:他非常失望,所以离开了公司。分析句子可知,此处应使用形容词作表语,disappoint的形容词形式为disappointed“失望的”,修饰人。故填disappointed。
80.has stopped
【详解】句意:看!雪停了。我们到外面去吧。根据句意和括号里的提示词,可知“看到雪停了以后,我们才出去的”,符合“现在完成时”的用法,即“强调过去发生的事对现在产生的影响”,主语为“snow”,是不可数名词,故填has stopped。
81.fell
【详解】句意:昨天桥突然倒塌了。根据yesterday可知时态为一般过去时,谓语动词需用过去式。故填fell。
82.awfully
【详解】句意:我为我所做的事感到非常抱歉。awful“可怕的,非常的”,是形容词,此处修饰形容词sorry,应用副词awfully“非常”。故填awfully。
83.suggestions
【详解】句意:就如何设计旅行指南提出一些建议。suggest“建议”,动词,分析句子可知,此处应填名词作宾语。suggest的名词形式为suggestion,且被some修饰应该使用复数形式。故填suggestions。
84.fortieth
【详解】句意:Kitty打算为她母亲的四十岁生日买些花。根据“her mother’s ... birthday”可知,此处表示四十岁生日,空处应用序数词表示顺序。故填fortieth。
85.disappointment
【详解】句意:令我们失望的是,春游因为下雨而取消了。disappoint“使失望”,是动词,to one’s后加名词,disappointment“失望”,名词。故填disappointment。
86.happy
【详解】句意:他昨天的讲话使我们高兴。“make sb+形容词”表示“使某人……”,此处应该用形容词作宾补,happiness“开心”,名词,形容词为happy“高兴的,开心的”。故填happy。
87.changeable
【详解】句意:这里的天气多变。根据“is”可知,空处应填形容词作表语,change“改变”,动词,其形容词为changeable“常变的”。故填changeable。
88.are testing
【详解】句意:一些专家正在检测水中的污染情况,结果很快就会出来。根据“at the moment”可知,此处用现在进行时的结构,主语是复数形式,助动词用are,故填are testing。
89.everyone’s
【详解】句意:每个人的桌子上都有电脑吗?everyone是复合不定代词,根据“desk”可知,空处用所有格形式作定语。故填everyone’s。
90.herself
【详解】句意:昨天爱丽丝尝试了滑翔伞,她玩得非常开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”,空处应用反身代词herself。故填herself。
91.themselves
【详解】句意:你不必帮孩子们做数学题。他们可以自己解决。根据“They can work it out...”以及括号内提示词可知此处使用反身代词,再根据“children”可知是复数,表示“他们自己themselves”。故填themselves。
92.fewer
【详解】句意:我要少吃薯条,多吃水果。根据more fruit可知是吃更多的水果,故此处应该是更少的薯条。用比较级。故填fewer。
93.mine
【详解】句意:——埃里克,这是你的自行车吗? ——不,我的在树下。根据“…is under the tree”可知,空格后没有名词,此处应用名词性物主代词mine“我的”作主语,指代“my bike”。故填mine。
94.hers
【详解】句意:我梦想的家和她的完全不同。为了避免与前面的名词重复,这里用she的名词性物主代词hers代替her dream home“她梦想的家”。故填hers。
95.second
【详解】句意:看!我的妈妈和爸爸在第二张照片里。根据“the”及所给提示单词可知,需填two对应的序数词second,表顺序,序数词前一般加the。故填second。
96.speak
【详解】句意:请不要大声说话!你在图书馆里。speak“说话”,是动词,此处是祈使句的否定形式don’t+动词原形,故填speak。
97.disappointment
【详解】句意:令他失望的是,他的球队在比赛中没有获得一等奖。形容词性物主代词后加名词disappointment“失望”,不可数名词。故填disappointment。
98.enabled
【详解】句意:网络已经确保我们在疫情期间也能在家学习。此处应填一个谓语动词,able的动词形式为“enable”,此外本句时态为现在完成时,跟在助动词has后,应填动词的过去分词形式,故填enabled。
99.more painful
【详解】句意:走了几个小时后,这个学生的脚和腿变得更痛了。空处是作became的表语,应用形容词painful“疼痛的”。much修饰形容词的比较级。故填more painful。
100.observatory
【详解】句意:佘山有一个天文台。observe“观察”,动词,此处位于an之后,应用单数名词,observatory“天文台”符合语境,故填observatory。
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