2024年人教版中考英语复习 宾语从句 讲义

学科教师辅导教案 课程主题 9A宾语从句专题 学习目标 掌握并运用相应的知识点 教学内容 进门测试 1.Can you tell me ________they will come back? A. where B. when C. which D. Who 2.Can you tell me ______you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 3.It's difficult to imagine ______it is like in that village after the earthquake. A. when B. what C. where D. which 4. You can get to know______your children really want by communicating with them. A.whether B. what C. how D. which 5. My neighbor asked me ______ I heard the big noise last night or not. A. whether B. if C. what 6.—Could you tell me______you'll go to Paris? —Next month. A. why B. where C. when D. how 7.I am wondering if he can finish the task on time though he promised that his team _____the first in this competition. A. will win B. would win C. won D. has won 8.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _______ the company soon. A. Leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left 9.— Mrs. Jiang was sent to teach English in a poor village last year, wasn’t she? — Yes. And she said she the experience in her heart forever. A. was remaining B. would remain C. has remained D. remained 答案：BCBBA CBBB 导学 建议5min Could you tell me ____________________________________? ____________________________________? ____________________________________?   还记得宾语从句吗？让我们用宾语从句来造句吧！看看谁造的句子又多又好？ 精讲 建议70min 知识点1：宾语从句的概念和结构 在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时，这个句子就叫宾语从句。 结构：主句 + 连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句 如： I love what you gave me. 主句 连接词 从句 知识点2：宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即主语在前谓语在后，即使宾语从句本身是疑问句，也要将其变成陈述句语序。 e.g. I heard (that) he won a prize. They don’t know where he is. 注意:如果what’s wrong / what’s the matter在句中充当宾语从句，语序不变。如果疑问词what或who在从句中作主语，其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。 e.g. I want to know what’s wrong with you. She doesn’t know what’s the matter with him. Jack didn’t know what happened. I want to know what’s on the desk. 【例题精讲】 例1：--I wonder ____________ at 8:00 last night? --I was watching NBA. A. What were you doing B. What did you do C .what you were doing D. What are you doing 解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，即：主语在前，谓语在后。注意特殊疑问词谓语主语之前。 答案：C 例2：I don’t remember____________ the book yesterday. A. where I put B. where did I put C. where will I put D. where l will put 解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，即：主语在前，谓语在后。注意特殊疑问词谓语主语之前。同时结合时态，主句是一般现在时，从句依具体情况而定，根据“yesterday”用一般过去时。 答案：A 例3：--I don’t know _____. --Because he has to look after his mother. A. why he is leaving B. why is he leaving C. whether he is leaving D. whether is he leaving 解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，同时结合句意，根据“because”应用“why”。 答案：A 例4：Can you tell me ______? A. how much is the red sweater B. how much the red sweater is C .what’s the price of the red sweater D. how many the red sweater is 解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，A、C语序错误， D项“how many +可数名词复数”，因而错误。 答案：B 例5：--Excuse me, Could you tell me ? --Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left. A. where is the museum B. which is the way to the museum C. how far is the museum D. how can I get to the museum 解析：注意宾语从句中用陈述句的语序，A、C、D语序错误，B项中“which”在宾语从句中作主语。 答案：B 知识点3：宾语从句的引导词 1. that引导的宾语从句 陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句，由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 eg:I think (that) this answer is correct. I know nothing about him except (that) he lives the next door. I’m sure (that) Mary will come here on time. 2．if或whether引导的宾语从句 一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether或if引导，因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 eg:I want to know whether/if you will come soon. I wonder whether/if you’d like to read the novel. 后接if/whether的常见词有：want to know/wonder/doubt/I’m not sure。 注意：if和whether的区别： （1）能用whether不能用if的几种情况： ①宾语从句中有or not时（意思为“或不是”，“或没有”），则用whether…or not； eg:I am not sure whether it will be fine or not tomorrow.（我不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。） ②在介词后； e.g. It depends on whether it is going to rain. ③whether 后可接动词不定式； eg:She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait. （2）能用if不能用whether的情况： If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外，还可表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则 eg:You will achieve great success, if you have a dream and believe in it. 3．wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导， eg:Do you know when the meeting will begin?（你知道会议什么时候开始？） Could you tell me who teaches us English?（你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？） Do you know which is faster, a car or a plane?（你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？） I was surprised at what he had done.（他所做的事使我吃惊。） I wonder how much these shoes cost.（我不知道这些鞋子多少钱。） 【例题精讲】 例1：I hear __________ he will be back in a month. A. whether B. that C. what D. which 解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“我听说他将在一周后回来。”，且宾语从句是陈述句，所以用that作引导词。 答案：B 例2：The teacher asked me __________ I needed any help. A. whether B. that C. what D. which 解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师问我是否需要帮助。”可知此处应用whether。 答案：A 例3：--Does the teacher know __________ will come this afternoon? --Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who 解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师知道今天下午谁会来吗？”，宾语从句缺少一个主语且表人。 答案：D 例4：Do you know _____I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie! A. whom B. when C. where D. how 解析：注意理解句子含义，句意为“你知道我昨天看到谁了吗？”，所填词意为“谁”。 答案：A 例5：Teenagers with working experiences know more clearly ________ they will be in the future. A. who B. why C. where D. what 解析：注意分析句子结构，从句中谓语动词“be”缺少宾语，因而选择“who”或“what”，再根据句意可知不是指人，因而选“what”。 答案：D 知识点4：宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句的时态根据实际情况而定。 eg:She knows (that) her parents will arrive in Nanjing tomorrow. I know (that) he lived here five years ago. We have heard (that) she practises dancing every day. I am looking for where my purse is. 2.如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时），那么从句要用相应的过去时态。 时态变化的规律如下表： eg:I didn’t know (that) he would come. Miss Li told us (that) she had seen the film. I saw (that) she was talking with her mother. 主句时态 从句时态 过去时态 连接前 连接后 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 一般将来时 过去将来时 批注：如果主句中出现could you/would you, 要提醒学生这些不是过去时，而只是表示委婉语气，用法视为一般现在时，所以从句依具体时态而定。 3. 当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时，不论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。 eg:The teacher told us (that) the earth travels around the sun. She said (that) two plus three is five. 【例题精讲】 例1：---Could you tell me_______? --At nine o’clock, in ten minutes. A. how will he leave B. when he has left C. why he is leaving D. when he will leave 解析：注意答句“in ten minutes”,推断出问句时态应为一般将来时，主句为一般现在时，继而从句用根据实际情况而定，应用一般将来时。 答案：D 例2：----I wonder . ----Shandong Province. A. when will Peng Liyuan come B. where Peng Liyuan is from C. where Peng Liyuan came from D. how Peng Liyuan will come 解析：注意答句，分析问句应问具体“地点”，问“彭丽媛来自哪里？”，时态应用一般现在时。 答案：B 例3：--- Could you tell me ? I'm going to pick you up at the airport. --At 15:45 this Friday. A. where you met me B. who you are coming with C. when you came here D. what time you are arriving 解析：注意句意，可判断出问句应问时间并用一般将来时，主句用一般现在时，从句时态根据具体情况而定，即用一般将来时。 答案：D 例4：---Dad, please tell me when Mum _______. I miss her very much. --She will return when she ____her task. And she will bring a nice present for you. A. returns; finishes B returns; will finish C. will return; finishes D. will return; will finish 解析：第一空所在的句子为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句依具体情况而定，用一般将来时；第二空为时间状语从句，不能用一般过去时，而用一般现在时代替。 答案：C 例5：---Do you know ______this afternoon? --I’m not sure, but I’ll tell you as soon as she ______. A. how will Betty arrive; starts B. how Betty will arrive; will start C. what time will Betty arrive; will start D. what time Betty will arrive; starts 解析：第一空所在的句子为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句依具体情况而定，问的是时间，用一般将来时；第二空为时间状语从句，不能用一般将来时，而用一般现在时代替。 答案：D 课堂检测 建议15min 1. —Could you tell me___________? —“Rome was not built in a day.” You should try to give it enough chances to become strong. A. what I can do to have a good memory B. how I can do to have a good memory C. why I should have a good memory D. how can I have a good memory 2. His full name is Stephen William Hawking. But I don’t know ________. A. how do I call him B. how I call him C. what do I call him D. what I call him 3. ---I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students. ---Great! But don't forget to tell them______. A. what should they eat at the festival B. why people enjoy the full moon C. what kind of race is often held D. How do people celebrate it 4. —Could you tell me ? A. how long may I keep the book B. how long to borrow the book C. how long I can borrow the book D. how long I can keep the book 5. — The novel Gulliver’s Travels is very nice. — So it is. Could you tell me __________? A. how long I can borrow it B. if I can keep it for another week C. when should I return it D. that I can borrow it 6. —James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be a shy and quiet boy. A. what is Paul like B. what Paul is like C. what does Paul like D. what Paul likes 7. Can you tell me how much___________________? A. you pay the book for B. you spend the book on C. the book take you D. you buy the book for 8. － Can you tell me _______ to travel to Hawaii? － About two hours by air. A. how far it takes B. how much time you cost C. how long it takes D. how long I spend 9. I know he's been curious about everything, but that's . Be patient! A. what do kids like B. what kids like C. what are kids like D. what kids are like 10. Can you imagine _______ when Kobe said good-bye to them that day?. A. what the fans felt B. how the fans felt C. what did the fans feel D. how did the fans feel 11. Could you please tell me________________________? A. what she had done to the newspaper B.how we can call the lady C.what is wrong with the little boy D.Which gate I should go 12. —The light in his office is still on. Do you know __________? —To prepare for the mid-term exam. A. if he works hard B. why he keeps working C. why is he so busy D. when he will stop working 13. The police didn’t catch him because they never doubted ________ the case. A. if he has everything to do with B. whether he had something to do with C. that he had anything to do with D. that he had nothing to do with 14. The boy asked his father _____. A. how life would be like in the year 2100 B. which room he would live in the hotel C. how he called the man in a black suit D. if Shakespeare was a great writer of English literature 15. Which of the following sentences is RIGHT? A. I’m not sure that he will give back the money. B. If you like it or not, I’m taking you to the doctor. [ C. He asked me if or not I wanted to play. D. I’m not sure if I’m pronouncing his name correctly. 16. — Bruce, I am still not sure ________. — Why not? No one is better than you in our class. A. where I can apply for the competition B. how can I prepare for the competition C. whether I should take part in the competition D. who I can ask for information about the competition 17. Your birthday is coming. What presents from your parents? A. you expect you can get B.you expect can you get C. do you expect you can get D. do you expect can you get 18. Alice, could you tell me_______? A. whether she had been married B.what's happened to you C. how long Lily had caught a cold D. how you call these animals 19. —Well, it depends on ____________. If money isn’t a problem, you can buy a BMW. A. what colour do you like B. what colour you like C. how much can you afford D. how much you can afford 20. — Could you tell me _____? — Certainly, and the earlier, the cheaper. A. how long it will take to get to New Delhi B. if I can book a direct flight to New Delhi online C. where I can buy the ticket for the direct flight to New Delhi D. whether I can buy a ticket to New Delhi without my passport 21. Tom didn’t know___________. A. where were the Asian Games held B. if the colour therapy works C. who was Mary waiting for D. how much it cost to fly to Tibet 22. —Why did Miss Wang look so worried when we saw her? —Because she wondered________. A. where did the other students go B. when would the policeman come C. what her students have done during the trip D. if her students had survived the earthquake 23. ---Excuse me, could you tell me ___________? ---There’s a bank on the second floor. You can make it there. A. if there’s a bank near here B. how I can get to the bank C. where I can change money D. where the bank is 24. —David asked _________ in China. —Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting. A. where he can greet a lady by kissing her B. how he could greet a lady by kissing her C. when he can greet a lady by kissing her D. whether he could greet a lady by kissing her 25. ---Could you tell me_________? ---Sorry, I have no idea, either. You can ask the policeman over there. A. what's happened to them B. how I can arrive the museum C. when did the accident happen D. where they had gone to 26. —I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students. —Great! But don't forget to tell them __________. A. what should they eat at the festival B. what kind of race is often held C. why people enjoy the full moon D. how do people celebrate it 27. ---Could you tell us _______? ---About five minutes. A. how soon will the film end B. how long has the film begun[来,k.Com] C. how soon the film has ended D. how long the film has been on 答案：1-5ADCD B 6-10 B DCDB 11-15CBDDD 16-20 CCBDB 21-15DDCDA 26-27 BD 要点回顾 宾语从句用法口诀： 学习宾从三注意，语序连词和时态； 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句； That连接陈述句，省与不省没关系； 从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记； 特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词； 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑； 三个重点需记牢，切莫丢东忘了西。 温故知新 一、单项选择 1. I know he's been curious about everything, but that's . Be patient! A. what do kids like B. what kids like C. what are kids like D. what kids are like 2. ---Could you tell us _______? ---About five minutes. A. how soon will the film end B. how long has the film begun[来源:Z,xx,k.Com] C. how soon the film has ended D. how long the film has been on 3. —I'm going to give a talk on the Dragon Boat Festival to the exchange students. —Great! But don't forget to tell them __________. A. what should they eat at the festival B. what kind of race is often held C. why people enjoy the full moon D. how do people celebrate it 4. What do you think________ if the car________? A. can we do; is broken B. can we do; breaks down C. we can do; breaks down D. we can do; is broken down 5. ---Could you tell me_________? ---Sorry, I have no idea, either. You can ask the policeman over there. A. what's happened to them B. how I can arrive the museum C. when did the accident happen D. where they had gone to 6. Alice, could you tell me_______? A. whether she had been married B.what’s happened to you C. how long Lily had caught a cold D. how you call these animals 7. — Bruce, I am still not sure ________. — Why not? No one is better than you in our class. A. where I can apply for the competition B. how can I prepare for the competition C. whether I should take part in the competition D. who I can ask for information about the competition 8. —I want to buy a car. Any advice, John? —Well, it depends on ____________. If money isn’t a problem, you can buy a BMW. A. what colour do you like B. what colour you like C. how much can you afford D. how much you can afford 9. The boy asked his father _____. A. how life would be like in the year 2100 B. which room he would live in the hotel C. how he called the man in a black suit D. if Shakespeare was a great writer of English literature 10. Jane is going to get married ? A. Who do you think B. Do you think who C. To whom do you think D. Does who you think 11. The police didn’t catch him because they never doubted ________ the case. A. if he has everything to do with B. whether he had something to do with C. that he had anything to do with D. that he had nothing to do with 12. Could you please tell me________________________? A.what she had done to the newspaper B.how we can call the lady C.what is wrong with the little boy D.Which gate I should go 13.---Do you know what time your uncle _______Hangzhou tomorrow? --- At 2:00 p.m. I will meet him when he ______ at the airport. A.gets to,arrives B.will get to,will arrive C.will get to,arrives D.gets to,will arrive 14. Can you tell me how much___________________? A. you pay the book for B. you spend the book on C. the book take you D. you buy the book for 15. — The novel Gulliver’s Travels is very nice. — So it is. Could you tell me __________? A. how long I can borrow it B. if I can keep it for another week C. when should I return it D. that I can borrow it 16. —Could you tell me______________________________? —“Rome was not built in a day.” You should try to give it enough chances to become strong. A. what I can do to have a good memory B. how I can do to have a good memory C. why I should have a good memory D. how can I have a good memory 17. Mum is coming. What present ___ for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D .do you expect has she got 18. — Peter believes the present his sister got is much more wonderful than his, ________? — The grass is always greener on the other side. A. didn’t she B. isn’t it C. didn’t it D. doesn’t he 19. --- Do you know _______? ---I’m not sure. Maybe an English teacher? A. what the beautiful lady with glasses is B. what is the beautiful lady with glasses C. who the beautiful lady with glasses is D. who is the beautiful lady with glasses 20. Could you tell us _____ you are getting on well with your classmates? A. that B. if C. what D. How 21. There are many people downstairs. What do you think ______ ? A.to happen  B. happening  C. is happened  D. has happened 22. —Tommy, do you know if Frank ____ to the theatre with us this Sunday if it ____? —Sorry, I have no idea.  A. will go, is going to be fine  B. goes, is fine　　 C. will go, is fine  D. goes, will be fine 23. I don’t think we can finish all the work before Friday, ________? A. do I  B. can we  C. can’t we  D. don’t we 答案：DDBCA BCDDC DCCDB ACDAB DCB 2． 动词填空 1. I'm so sorry that I (not understand) you, but I do now. 2. Tom promised that he (invite) me, but he didn’t. 3. She said they __________ (know) each other for quite some time. 4. He told me he __________ (help) her with her maths the next evening. 5. Our teacher told us that light __________ (travel) much faster than sound. 6. The article that_____________(write) by Mark several years ago has influenced us a lot. 7. Where is Jim? I’m afraid he __________ (forget) the visit to the museum. 8. Please stop talking, guys. I can't hear what the youth worker________(explain). 9. A report shows that the price of new houses________(rise) by 20%. It is hard for young people to afford one. 答案：1.didn’t understand 2.would invite 3.had known 4.would help 5.travels 6.was written 7.has forgotten 8.is explaining 9.has risen 3． 完成句子 1. 你能告诉我如此寒冷的天气将持续多久吗？ Could you tell me ________________________________________________? 2. 为生价值并不取决于你是谁，而是你做什么。 The value of life does not ，but what you do. 3. 这些照片使我想起 2010年在日本逗留期间所看到的情况。 These photos remind _______________________ during my stay in Japan in 2010. 4. 我们镇上没有人知道这台机器人他买了多久。 No one in our town knows _______________________ the robot. 5. 我父亲想知道它比起手机是否有什么优势。 My father wonders cell phones. 6. 我想知道他在学习化学上是否遇到了困难。 I wonder _____________________________ or not. 答案：1.how long such cold weather will last 2.depend on who you are 3. me of what I saw 4. how long he has had 5.if/whether it has any advantages over 6.whether he has (had) difficulty/trouble (in) learning chemistry 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$