精品解析：上海市闵行(文绮)中学 2023-2024学年高三下学期5月月考英语试题

Section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question. You have heard one. Excuse me, could you tell me how much this t shirt is? sure. IT is sixty five dollars. What size do you . want question, what is probably the woman? Two, can I have a pizza? pizza. Mom. what you want? A pizer pizza. Now question. what is implied in the woman's reply? Three, I hear you're moving back to the dormitory. Y, yes, my present roommate moving out, and I can't afford the flat alone. Question, why is the woman moving back to the dormitory? For a computer company is looking for a programmer, you can give me a try. That sounds interesting. How much do they pay? question? What did the woman advise the man to do? Five, hello, I would like to reserve a room with a bath from April twenty fourth to twenty six. Sorry, sir, we are fully booked up. Would you like me to transfer your booking to our sister hotel? Question, what does the woman advise the man to do? Six, where do you want to go? The history museum, the science museum or the art museum? The first one, could you tell me how to get there? Question, where does the girl want to go? Seven, you are going to new york with us, aren't you? Oh, sure. I wouldn't miss IT, especially when the tour guide is a native new yorker. Question, what can we learn from the conversation? Eight, please excuse the messing here. We had a party last night. There were a lot of people, and they all brought food. Yeah, I can tell. Well, I guess it's pretty obvious what you will be doing most of today. Question, what does the woman think the men will do? Nine, this course wasn't supposed to be hard, but IT surely . turned out to be, didn't IT . question, what does the man think of the course? Ten, the professor is exhausted after giving that long lecture. So am I after listening for two hours. Question, what does the woman mean? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two passages and one long conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. If you were going to be a straight talker, you have to believe that it's a virtue. If you have an opinion and you just stated IT allows the other person to either try to change your opinion or to agree with you. If you are quiet, people think you agree, how can you then further the conversation when you have different opinions but don't express them? A Green is easy. Disagreed takes more courage. Several years back, when I was CEO at autodesk, there was a very senior level woman who was very smart and well spoken, but SHE did not wear appropriate closed. He was distracting and he was not being taken seriously. I said to her manager who was male, you need to tell her. He said, oh, no way. So I called her in and Frankly stated what I thought was happening. I told her you're not getting the respect you deserve. I said, go and get a personal shopper. Just say i'm a senior business person and need some help dressing appropriately. SHE came back and honest to god. IT was a different person. He said he felt really good, and her promotion went way up early in my business career. If people ask me a question, I try to answer IT honestly, and that was rewarded. I had managers who wanted me around because I would actually tell them what was happening. Now listen again, please. If you are going to be a straight talker, you have to believe that it's a virtue. If you have an opinion and you just stated IT, IT allows the other person to either try to change your opinion or to agree with you. If you are quiet, people think you agree, how can you then further the conversation when you have different opinions but don't express them? Agreeing is easy. Disagreeing takes more courage. Several years back when I was ACEO at autodesk, there was a very senior level woman who was very smart and well spoken. But SHE did not wear appropriate clothes. IT was distracting and he was not being taken seriously. I said to her manager who was male, you need to tell her. He said, oh, no way. So I called her in and Frankly stated what I thought was happening. I told her you're not getting the respect you deserve. I said, go and get a personal shopper. Just say i'm a senior business person and need some help dressing appropriately. SHE came back and honest to god. IT was a different person. He said he felt really good, and her promotion went way up early in my business career. If people asked me a question, I try to answer IT honestly, and that was rewarded. I had managed who wanted me around because I would actually tell them what was happening. Questions eleven, why did the speaker have a talk with the senior level woman? Twelve, what made the speaker popular with the managers? Thirteen, what is the passage monday about? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Huge numbers of unknown plants and animals are in danger. The earth, according to various estimates, supports between five million and eighty million species. Species says doctor love joy are disappearing before we have a chance to learn how they might benefit the rest of the world. Thousands of kinds of plants could help feed a growing world population. About four out of every ten medicines comes from ingredients found in plants. Some animals also provide medicine. It's natural for species to become extinct over millions of years. Sit up to love joy. What's unnatural is that humans are speeding up the process many times over. Actually, humans have great impact on other living things that share the earth. And people are doing this in four main ways, destroying wildlife habitat ATS overhunting. Introducing new species that endanger native wood life and polluting the environment. These activities affect all species in one way or another, because all life is interconnected is their time to prevent disaster. To just barely say scientists worldwide action will be difficult and costly, but scientists agree that action must be taken quickly. Time is running out. Now listen again, please. Huge numbers of unknown plants and animals are in danger. The earth, according to various estimates, supports between five million and eighty million species. Species says doctor love joy are disappearing before we have a chance to learn how they might benefit the rest of the world. Thousands of kinds of plants could help feed a growing world population. About four out of every ten medicines come from ingredients found in plants. Some animals also provide medicines. It's natural for species to become extinct over millions of years, says doctor love joy. What's unnatural is that humans are speeding up the process many times over. Actually, humans have great impact on other living things that share the earth. And people are doing this in four main ways, destroying wildlife habitats over hunting, introducing new species that endanger native wildlife and polluting the environment. These activities affect all species in one way or another, because all life is interconnected. Is there time to prevent disaster? Just barely, says scientists. Worldwide action will be difficult and costly, but scientists degree that action must be taken quickly. Time is running out. Questions fourteen, how can other living things benefit humans? Fifteen, which of the following is not responsible for the disappearing of wildlife? Sixteen, what is the main purpose of the passage? Question seventeen, three, twenty are based on the following conversation. Come and sit down, june. Thanks, mr. Johnson. Now which courses are you working on? I'm doing management studies along with english and german. 啊，how's IT going? Well, it's not going too well. I'm not enjoying the courses and well, i'm not very happy. Oh, right, let's take things slowly. Tell me something about the courses. Well, there is just so much work. At first, I thought to learn two languages will benefit my management studies, but i've come to realize that the management course is very difficult, and at the same time I have to study english and german. IT means i'm working all the time and I never have time to relax. What about your accommodation? Are you happy with that? Not really. I mean, the other students on my cost are all living in the student, so they see each other all the time, but i'm living in a rented room of a family house. I eat breakfast and dinner with the family, but I get lonely during the evenings and on weekends. So making friends is a problem too. Yes, okay, i'm going to give two suggestions. All right? First, german and english. Which one do you enjoy . more english? And I find IT easier to. Then i'd like you to go and see your german instructor telling him that you want to stop attending german classes for the moment. okay. Next, I think you should choose one student dormitory, which you're like best and applied to move in. Students are always moving in and out, so that shouldn't be a problem. Thanks a lot for your advice. You're welcome. Now listen again. Please come and sit down, june. Thanks, mister Johnson. Now which courses are you working on? I'm doing management studies along with english . and german啊哈how's IT going？Well, it's not going too well. I'm not enjoying the courses. And well, i'm not very happy. Oh, right, let's take things slowly. Tell me something about the courses. Well, there is just so much work. At first, I thought to learn two languages will benefit my management studies, but i've come to realize that the management course is very difficult, and at the same time I have to study english and german. IT means i'm working all the time and I never have time to relax. What about your accommodation? Are you happy with that? Not really. I mean, the other students on my cost are all living in the student dormitory, so they see each other all the time. But i'm living in a rented room of a family house. I eat breakfast and dinner with the family, but I get lonely during the evenings and on weekends. So making friends is a problem too. Yes, okay, i'm going to give two suggestions. all right? First, german and english. Which one do you enjoy . more english? And I find IT easier to then i'd like . you to go and see your german instructor telling him that you want to stop attending german classes for the moment. okay? Next, I think you should choose one student domain, which you're like best and applied to move in. Students are always moving in and out, so that shouldn't be a problem. Thanks a lot for your advice. You're welcome. Questions seventeen, which of the following statements is correct about june? Eighteen, what does june think of the language courses initially? Nineteen, what is june's problem of living in a family house? Twenty, which of the following is mr. r. Johnson's advice? 闵行(文绮)中学2023学年第二学期高三年级 英语学科5月学情调研卷 考试时间120分钟 满分150分 I. Listening Comprehension (30’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversation between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A A policewoman. B. A waitress. C. A shop assistant. D. A worker. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Disappointment. B. Disapproval. C. Sympathy. D. Passion. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she doesn’t like the flat. B. Because she needs a better roommate. C. Because the present flat is too small. D. Because it’s cheaper to live in the dormitory. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To solve a computer problem. B. To apply for the job. C. To design a new program. D. To ask about the salary. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To postpone his schedule. B. To book with another hotel. C. To stay in the spare room. D. To reserve a room in advance. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The History Museum. B. The Science Museum. C. The Art Museum. D. The Space Museum. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The two speakers are going to study abroad. B. The woman is a tour guide. C. The tour guide was born in New York. D. The man is British. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Get more food and drinks. B. Invite more people. C. Tidy up the place. D. Prepare for a party. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It’s interesting. B. It turned out to be easy. C. It’s hard to judge. D. It’s quite difficult. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She expected the lecture to be long. B. She is going to give a lecture herself. C. She was excited by the lecture. D. She is tired. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Because she wasn’t taken seriously. B. Because she deserved respect from others. C. Because she dressed improperly. D. Because she was not capable enough. 12. A. Answering questions readily. B. Rewarding others generously. C. Respecting others highly. D. Expressing opinions frankly. 13. A. How to speak your mind. B. How to be honest. C. What to do to become popular. D. Whom to talk to when you have complaints. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. They support human lives. B. They cure human discases. C. They estimate species. D. They stop plant extinction. 15. A. Polluting the environment. B. Destroying wildlife habitat. C. Organizing activities. D. Introducing new species. 16. A. To analyze the main causes of the disappearing of some wild animals. B. To appeal to people to protect wildlife. C. To emphasize the importance of the earth. D. To describe different ways to stop pollution. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. She is enjoying her language study. B. She is enjoying her management study. C. She is not feeling very well at the moment. D. She is not happy about her study pressure. 18. A. They are challenging. B. They are interesting. C. They are useful. D. They are difficult. 19. A. She dislikes the food she eats. B. She is unable to sleep well. C. She finds the rent high. D. She has no chance to make friends. 20 A. To try to make more friends. B. To try to change accommodation. C. To drop the English course. D. To stop attending language classes. II. Grammar and vocabulary (25’) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the fall of 1903, O. Henry was living in a room at the small Hotel Marty in New YorkCity. He had published a few stories in local magazines, but was still relatively unknown when editors at the New York World newspaper sent a young reporter ___21___ (track) down this mysterious writer. By the next day, O. Henry had an agreement with the newspaper to write one story a week for the magazine section of their Sunday edition. The World had ___22___ (large) daily circulation in the world, and O. Henry’s stories about New York life became immensely popular. By the time he left the newspaper after less than three years, O. Henry ___23___ (establish) his reputation as a gifted storyteller and master of surprise endings. O. Henry was the pen name used by William Sydney Porter, who was born in North P. Carolina. At the age of twenty, he moved to Texas, ___24___ he held a variety of jobs, eventually becoming a bank teller. He married and became a reporter and columnist for the Houston Post. After a few years, his wife ____25____ (diagnose) with a serious infectious disease, and he was accused of illegally taking the money of the bank where he worked. Some people have claimed ____26____ he was stealing money to help pay his wife’s medical bills. O. Henry fled to Central America, but his wife was too ill to accompany him. Months later, ___27___ her worsening condition, he returned and turned himself in to the police. His wife soon died, and O. Henry spent three years in prison in Ohio. It was during his time in prison that he began writing the stories that would make him famous. W. S. Porter emerged from prison ____28____ O. Henry. In 1902, O. Henry moved to New York City and started trying to sell his stories. In a few years his luck changed for the better, and his position with the New York World helped make him a ____29____ (celebrate) author. He published more than three hundred stories and gained worldwide acclaim. O. Henry’s stories are known for their plot twists and surprise endings. In fact, O. Henry’s own life ended with a “twist”—his funeral was somehow scheduled in the same church at the same time as someone else’s wedding! The O. Henry Award _____30_____ (honor) the authors of the best stories printed each year in American magazines. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. advances B. automation C. combed D. comprehensive E. filled F. generated G. modest H. prior I. thinned J. underlie K. unearth Does technology replace more jobs than it creates? What is the net balance between these two things? Until now that has not been measured. But a new research project led by MIT economist David Autor has developed an answer, at least for U.S. history since 1940.The study uses new methods to examine how many jobs have been lost to machine ____31____, and how many have been generated through “augmentation(增强),” in which technology creates new tasks. Overall, the study finds, and particularly since 1980, technology has replaced more U.S. jobs than it has _____32_____. “There does appear to be a faster rate of automation, and a slower rate of augmentation, in the last four decades, from 1980 to the present, than in the four decades ____33____,” says Autor.However, that finding is only one of the study’s ____34____.The researchers have also developed an entirely new method for studying the issue, based on an analysis of thousands of U.S.censusjob categories in relation to a(n) ____35____ look at the text of U.S. patents over the last century. That has allowed them, for the first time, toquantifythe effects of technology over both job loss and job creation. The study finds that overall, about 60 percent of jobs in the U.S. represent new types of work, which have been created since 1940.To determine this, Autor and his colleagues ____36____ through about 35,000 job categories, tracking how they emerge over time. They also used natural language processing tools to analyze the text of every U.S. patent filed since 1920. That allowed them to ____37____ links between new technologies and their effects on employment. From about 1940 through 1980, for instance, jobs like elevator operator and typesetter(排字工人) tended to get automated. But at the same time, more workers —____38____ roles such as shipping and receiving clerks, buyers and department heads, and civil and space engineers.  From 1980 through 2018, the ranks of cabinetmakers and machinists, among others, have been ____39____ by automation, while industrial engineers, and operations and systems researchers and analysts, have enjoyed growth. Ultimately, the research suggests that the negative effects of automation on employment were more than twice as great in the 1980-2018 period as in the 1940-1980 period.There was a more ______40______, and positive, change in the effect of augmentation on employment in 1980-2018, as compared to 1940-1980. II. Reading Comprehension (45’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. GuiltyPleasures? No Such Thing We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The trashy books we simply can’t ____41____. The awful earworms we hate to love. Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the ____42____ food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel ____43____? We should be free to enjoy whatever we like! And as it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in ____44____. Taking a mental break and enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual ____45____ gets us out of problem-solving mode, said Robin Nabi, a professor of communication at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who specializes in media effects and emotion. It can also improve our ability to productively deal with stressors and help us ____46____ more positively with other people. If that’s true, then why do guilty pleasures get such a bad ____47____? Well, it’s not the addiction itself, but the ____48____ we have when talking about them. However, according to experts like Dr. Nabi, feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy can ____49____ the benefits they offer us while getting rid of self-imposed embarrassment about our interests can be empowering and enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to _____50_____ “guilty pleasure” from our list of shames. One important value of a guilty pleasure is the _____51_____ it can create between people. “These shows are out there for a reason — they’re resonating (令人产生共鸣). Nabi said. He added that the connections we make with others who share our interests in such things “is not to be _____52_____.” _____53_____, talking about what we enjoy can ease any remaining guilt and makes it easier to discover more things that bring us pleasure. Being able to talk _____54_____ about what we love is more than just a way to spend the time，since it encourages us to justify our needs and be our true self. Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. Though guilt can enhance pleasure in some cases, it can also push us to indulge in _____55_____ we feel guilty about in others. 41. A. turn down B. take in C. tear apart D. put down 42. A. junk B. sugary C. spiritual D. transformative 43. A. relaxed B. guilty C. helpless D. alert 44. A. mass B. moderation C. minimum D. depression 45. A. focus B. superiority C. quality D. development 46. A. struggle B. charge C. engage D. persevere 47. A. breakup B. principle C. condition D. reputation 48. A. consciousness B. obligation C. attitudes D. requirements 49. A. switch B. receive C. claim D. decrease 50. A. remove B. discourage C. distinguish D. prevent 51. A. conflict B. difference C. exchange D. bond 52. A. established B. underestimated C. found D. strengthened 53. A. In addition B. On the contrary C. All in all D. Therefore 54. A. enthusiastically B. casually C. openly D. politely 55. A. theories B. behaviors C. problems D. relationships Section B Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My family lost everything in the little-known flood of Baton Rouge, Louisiana last year that the Red Cross called the “Worst US disaster since Hurricane Sandy.” It began raining in mid-August. Then it rained some more, got more powerful, and didn’t stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest (到达顶点)and cause some pretty serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but our senior neighbors told us that our neighborhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. Local news said that the nearby high school may get a little bit of water inside from the rising river. We thought we had a couple of days to plan on how we were going to shelter in place because of the weather forecast. On the 13th of August I woke up, walked outside and headed toward the direction of the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighborhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was fairly certain there was nothing to worry about. About 30 minutes into slowly packing there was a loud banging on my front door. It was my wife’s cousin. I opened the door and she said, “What are you doing?! Get out of the house!” I looked behind her and noticed my entire yard underwater and the waterline only about a half-inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. The river wasn’t supposed to crest until the next day. I thought we had more time. I yelled at my wife, “We have to get out of the house. Now!” We packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmothers. After being there for about an hour someone came to the front door and said, “You guys ned to get out. The river is coming.” Sure enough, her yard was flooding too. We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour we were told again that the river was on the way and we had to leave. 56. The author realized the arrival of the flood when ______. A. the rain started to fall heavily and non-stop B. the nearby high school was slightly affected C. there was standing water in some lower areas D. he was informed by his wife’s cousin at the door 57. What does the author mean by saying “I was floored” in the 6th paragraph? A. He was calm enough to cope with the flood. B. He became trapped by the rising floodwater. C. He was shocked by the early arrival of the flood. D. He lost his temper with his wife for being unprepared. 58. From the story, what do we know about the author’s evacuation? A. He didn’t take action immediately despite his neighbor’s warning. B. He trusted the weather forecast so that he prepared himself in advance. C. He and his wife brought some supplies and valuable belongings with them. D. He was forced to leave the temporary homes again and again to avoid danger. 59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Mutual Support in Disasters B. Baton Rouge Flooding C. How to Survive a Flood D. Methods of Predicting Floods (B) The Pros and Cons of Napping Daytime resting: helpful or harmful? Getting some sleep, even a short afternoon nap, may seem like a good thing for people with sleep disorders. But for those with insomnia and an already decreased desire to sleep at night, midday shut-eye can actually be counterproductive. So before you curl up on the couch this afternoon, consider whether your quick fix might backfire when you lie down in bed tonight. Trouble sleeping at night If you have insomnia, naps present a problem, even if you feel tired during the day. Napping during the day can perpetuate bad sleep habits for people with temporary sleep issues caused by stress, illness, or jet lag too. “Even just a little bit of a power nap reduces your night time sleep drive,” says Ralph Downey III, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Center at Loma Linda University Medical Center in Califoria. “The nap becomes nothing more than another episode of fragmented sleep.” Getting through the day If you don’t have a problem getting your z’s at night, a quick nap can work wonders to pull you through a tiresome or sleep-deprived day. In fact, a 2008 study found that a 45-minute daytime nap can improve memory function. And previous studies have found that naps can lower blood pressure. Those who suffer from narcolepsy or shift-work syndrome may also benefit from daytime naps, says James Wyatt, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Service and Research Center at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. Fatigue could be a warning sign If you’re constantly fighting the urge to sleep during the day and falling asleep instantly at night, you might have obstructive sleep apnea, a condition in which you stop breathing while you sleep. In this case, naps won’t help. By wearing a continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) machine that flows oxygen through your nose, however, you’ll likely sleep more soundly and wake refreshed whether from a good night’s rest or a quick catnap. 60. If you suffer from insomnia________. A. midday shut-eye may be helpful B. a short afternoon nap is probably a good thing C. napping during the day is considered a good habit D. a little bit of a power nap decreases your night time sleep desire 61. A quick nap can be beneficial for common people except those________. A. who have a problem falling into sleep at night B. whose memory is not good enough C. who suffer from shift-work syndrome D. whose blood pressure is too high 62. It can be inferred from the passage that________. A. naps are helpful for those who have obstructive sleep apnea B. more oxygen through your nose might improve sleep quality C. a 45-minute daytime nap can be beneficial for those with insomnia D. a quick nap can pull everyone through a sleep-deprived day (C) Could your dog be prone to a fatal disease? Is your new shelter pup part beagle or boxer? Many pet owners seek answers to these questions, and as a result, direct-to-consumer dog DNA testing is booming. Human interfering with dog DNA has long been the driving factor behind dogs’ breed diversity — or lack thereof. But a dog’s DNA can also be used to confirm their lineage (血统) or identify their breed, a boon for pet owners on the lookout for breed-specific health or behavioral challenges or those looking to confirm their dog really has the heritage claimed by a breeder or seller. During DNA analysis, labs sequence the dog’s DNA and look for similarities with a dataset of identified dog breeds. But breed identification isn’t as simple as it might seem. In a study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association last month, scientists looked into the accuracy of breed prediction in commercially available DNA tests that required a photo of the dog in addition to its DNA sample. The results were mixed, says Casey Greene, a professor who co-authored the study. “Most tests could accurately distinguish the breed of purebred dogs,” says Greene. But the analysis suggested that some testing companies might rely on the photo more than the dog’s actual genetics — and revealed big differences between companies’ business practices and the genetic datasets they use to determine dog breeds. The researchers submitted photos and DNA of 12 purebred dogs to a total of six commercial canine (犬的) ancestry identification services. Since each pup was purebred and possessed extensive American Kennel Club paperwork, the researchers knew their breed conclusively—but in some cases they provided a photo of a different dog to see if the photo influenced the DNA results. One of the companies misidentified a purebred Chinese crested dog — almost entirely hairless — as a long-haired Brittany spaniel, seemingly based on the photo alone. The other five did identify the registered breed correctly, but often gave different predictions for other “ancestor” breeds in dogs whose DNA suggested mixed breeding in prior generations. The researchers concluded that veterinarians and pet owners alike should “approach direct-to-consumer tests with caution” given the lack of industry standardization and at least one company’s reliance on photographs instead of DNA analysis. Despite these concerns, though. dog DNA seems headed for a golden age — and the insights revealed through further study of Fido’s genome (基因组) have already reached far beyond the doghouse. Domesticated dogs have emerged as surprising superstars in medical research that benefits humans. According to researchers, that’s just the beginning. With implications ranging from entertaining to consequential, there’s no telling what dog DNA will continue to unleash. 63. The underlined word “boon” in paragraph two is closest in meaning to ________. A. blessing B. substitute C. duty D. struggle 64. According to the passage, dog DNA testing can serve the following purposes except that ________. A. it assists in accurately determining the breed a dog belongs to B. it helps to predict whether dogs are subject to certain diseases C. it provides pet owners with insights into dogs’ behavioral challenges D. it sequences the DNA of identified dog breeds to find their similarities 65. Which of the following statements can be concluded from the passage? A. Photos play a more significant role in identifying a dog’s breed than its actual genetics. B. It is a common phenomenon that the DNA analysis of dogs may yield mixed results. C. Commercial dog DNA tests still have limitations and should be dealt with cautiously. D. Direct-to-consumer tests overshadow DNA analysis in identifying purebred dogs. 66. What does the passage suggest about the future of dog DNA testing? A. Controversies regarding its reliability are here to stay. B. It is bound to make breakthroughs in the fields of medicine and entertainment. C. It can step into a golden age as long as some research limitations are fixed. D. It may have far-reaching significance and be applied to a wider range of areas. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A San Francisco Museum Tackles Art's Instagram Dilemma A woman held tightly her phone to her heart, the way a missionary might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of a stunning bouquet of flowers that sat not 10 ft away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others who were doing the same. ___67___. For the 34th year, florists were asked to create bouquets that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. A tower of baby's breath imitates a waterfall in a nearby painting by Gustav Grunewald. Red flamingo flowers and neon blue sticks echo a surreal portrait of a woman by Salvador Dali. It’s amazing and also extremely Instagrammable to the point that it has become a problem. ___68___. Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their sponsors. So the de Young responded with a kind of agreement: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibition’s six-day run. One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is truth to this. It found that people who took photos of an exhibit rather than simply observing it had a harder time remembering what they saw. ___69___. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a selfie playland”. Yet a lot of other people do, and her take is that the de Young is in no position to claim that one motivation for buying a $28 ticket is more valid than another. If we removed social media and photography, she says, “we should risk becoming irrelevant”. ___70___. On this visit to the museum, most people seemed to treat the photo craze as the new normal. Many politely waited their turn and got out of other people’s shots,even as visitors bumped into each other in crowded galleries. A. If this is a battle, signs indicate that the pro-phone crowd has already won. B. But rather than expressing frustration about this awkwardness, she said she felt guilty, as if she were the one challenging convention. C. In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. D. The cause of this recent craze was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular annual events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco. E. The truth is people like selfies more than the exhibits way beyond researchers' imagination. F. But the issue is complicated for the professionals running museums. IV. Summary Writing 10% 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point'(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. These days, its not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures，office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks, it's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult. What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia（怀旧）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted. Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity （不成熟） and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly（异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acccptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation(15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 景区可利用短视频提升知名度，助力文旅宣传。(facilitate) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 73. 他运动之前习惯热身和拉伸以避免受伤。(ritual) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 74. 网络红包的乐趣在于它的未知性，因为收到红包的人只有打开它时才知道自己到底抢到了多少钱。(until) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 75. 所有直播带货中的失败案例告诉我们一个事实：网络购物虽然火爆，但产品质量和售后服务也必须得到相应保障。（guarantee）(汉译英） VI. Guided Writing(25分) 76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生赵磊，你的外国朋友William一直对中国文化很感兴趣。近日，他在网上了解到有两个相关的线上节目（节目信息如下表所示），但他对节目选择有些茫然，想听听你的建议。请给William回复一封邮件，邮件内容须包括： （1）推荐其中一个节目； （2）通过比较两个节目的信息，说明你推荐该节目的理由。 节目名称 故宫里的国宝 Treasures of the Forbidden City 寻访中国美食 Exploring Chinese Cuisine 节目内容 介绍故宫里的国宝及其背后的故事 介绍中国传统美食及其烹饪方式 节目形式 纪录片 短视频 节目语言 英语解说 无字幕 (subtitles) 中文解说 英语字幕 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 闵行(文绮)中学2023学年第二学期高三年级 英语学科5月学情调研卷 考试时间120分钟 满分150分 I. Listening Comprehension (30’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversation between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A policewoman. B. A waitress. C. A shop assistant. D. A worker. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me. Could you tell me how much this T-shirt is? W: Sure. It is sixty-five dollars. What size do you want? Q: What is probably the woman? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Disappointment. B. Disapproval. C. Sympathy. D. Passion. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Can I have a piece of pizza, Mum? W: What? You want a piece of pizza? Now? Q: What is implied in the woman’s reply? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she doesn’t like the flat. B. Because she needs a better roommate. C. Because the present flat is too small. D. Because it’s cheaper to live in the dormitory. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: I hear you’re moving back to the dormitory. W: Yes, my present roommate is moving out and I can’t afford the Hat alone. Q: Why is the woman moving back to the dormitory? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To solve a computer problem. B. To apply for the job. C. To design a new program. D. To ask about the salary. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: A computer company is looking for a programmer. You can give it a try. M: That sounds interesting. How much do they pay? Q: What did the woman advise the man to do? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. To postpone his schedule. B. To book with another hotel. C. To stay in the spare room. D. To reserve a room in advance. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, I would like to reserve a room with a bath from April 24th to 26th. W: Sorry, Sir. We are fully booked up. Would you like me to transfer your booking to our sister hotel? Q: What does the woman advise the man to do? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The History Museum. B. The Science Museum. C. The Art Museum. D. The Space Museum. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Where do you want to go, the History Museum, the Science Museum, or the Art Museum? W: The first one. Could you tell me how to get there? Q: Where does the girl want to go? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The two speakers are going to study abroad. B. The woman is a tour guide. C. The tour guide was born in New York. D. The man is British. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: You are going to New York with us, aren’t you? W: Oh… sure! I wouldn’t miss it especially when the tour guide is a native New Yorker. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A Get more food and drinks. B. Invite more people. C. Tidy up the place. D. Prepare for a party. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Please excuse the mess in here. We had a party last night. There were a lot of people and they all brought food. W: Yeah, I can tell. Well, I guess it’s pretty obvious what you’ll be doing most of today. Q: What does the woman think the man will do? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It’s interesting. B. It turned out to be easy. C. It’s hard to judge. D. It’s quite difficult. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: This course wasn’t supposed to be hard. M: But it surely turned out to be, didn’t it? Q: What does the man think of the course? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She expected the lecture to be long. B. She is going to give a lecture herself. C. She was excited by the lecture. D. She is tired. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: The professor is exhausted after giving that long lecture. W: So am I, after listening for two hours. Q: What does the woman mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Because she wasn’t taken seriously. B. Because she deserved respect from others. C. Because she dressed improperly. D. Because she was not capable enough. 12. A. Answering questions readily. B. Rewarding others generously. C. Respecting others highly. D. Expressing opinions frankly. 13. A. How to speak your mind. B. How to be honest. C. What to do to become popular. D. Whom to talk to when you have complaints. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 【解析】 【原文】If you are going to be a straight talker, you have to believe that it’s a virtue.If you have an opinion and you just state it, it allows the other person to either try to change your opinion, or to agree with you. If you are quiet, people think you agree. How can you then further the conversation when you have different opinions but don’t express them? Agreeing is easy. Disagreeing takes more courage. Several years back, when I was CEO at Autodesk, there was a very senior-level woman who was very smart and well-spoken, but she did not wear appropriate clothes. It was distracting and she was not being taken seriously. I said to her manager, who was male, “You need to tell her.”He said, “Oh, no way.” So I called her in and frankly stated what I thought was happening. I told her, “You’re not getting the respect you deserve.”I said, “Go and get a personal shopper. Just say, ”I’m a senior businessperson and need some help dressing appropriately“. She came back, and honest to God, it was a different person. She said she felt really good. And her promotion went way up. Early in my business career, if people asked me a question, I’d try to answer it honestly. And that was rewarded. I had managers who wanted me around because I would actually tell them what was happening. Questions: 11. Why did the speaker have a talk with the senior-level woman? 12. What made the speaker popular with the managers? 13. What is the passage mainly about? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. They support human lives. B. They cure human discases. C. They estimate species. D. They stop plant extinction. 15. A. Polluting the environment. B. Destroying wildlife habitat. C. Organizing activities. D. Introducing new species. 16. A. To analyze the main causes of the disappearing of some wild animals. B. To appeal to people to protect wildlife. C. To emphasize the importance of the earth. D. To describe different ways to stop pollution. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】Huge numbers of unknown plants and animals are in danger. The earth, according to various estimates, supports between 5 million and 80 million species. ”Species,“ says Dr. Lovejoy, are disappearing before we have a chance to learn how they might benefit the rest of the world.” Thousands of kinds of plants could help feed a growing world population. About four out of every ten medicines come from ingredients found in plants. Some animals also provide medicines. “It’s natural for species to become extinct over millions of years,” says Dr. Lovejoy. “What’ unnatural is that humans are speeding up the process many times over.” Actually, humans have great impact on other living things that share the earth. And people are doing this in four main ways: destroying wildlife habitats, over hunting, introducing new species that endanger native wildlife, and polluting the environment. These activities affect all species in one way or another, because all life is interconnected. Is there time to prevent disaster? Just barely, say scientists. Worldwide action will be difficult and costly. But scientists agree that action must be taken-quickly. Time is running out. Questions: 14. How can other living things benefit humans? 15. Which of the following is not responsible for the disappearing of wildlife? 16. What is the main purpose of the passage? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. She is enjoying her language study. B. She is enjoying her management study. C. She is not feeling very well at the moment. D. She is not happy about her study pressure. 18. A. They are challenging. B. They are interesting. C. They are useful. D. They are difficult. 19. A. She dislikes the food she eats. B. She is unable to sleep well. C. She finds the rent high. D. She has no chance to make friends. 20. A. To try to make more friends. B. To try to change accommodation. C. To drop the English course. D. To stop attending language classes. 【答案】17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Come and sit down, June. W: Thanks, Mr. Johnson. M: Now which courses are you working on? W: I’m doing management studies along with English and German. M: Aha, how is it going? W: Well, it’s not going too well. I’m not enjoying the courses. And … Well, I’m not very happy. M: All right. Let’s take things slowly. Tell me something about the courses. W: Well, there is just so much work. At first, I thought to learn two languages will benefit my management studies. But I’ve come to realize that the management course is very difficult and at the same time I have to study English and German. It means I’m working all the time. And I never have time to relax. M: What about your accommodation? Are you happy with that? W: Not really. I mean the other students on my course are all living in the student dormitory. So they see each other all the time. But I’m living in a rented room of a family house. I eat breakfast and dinner with the family. But I get lonely during the evenings and on weekends. M: So, making friends is a problem, too. W: Yes. M: Okay. I’m going to give two suggestions. W: All right. M: First, German and English, which do you enjoy more? W: English. And I find it easier, too. M: Then I’d like you to go and see your German instructor, telling him that you want to stop attending German classes for the moment. W: Okay. M: Next, I think you should choose one student dormitory which you like best and apply to move in. Students are always moving in and out so that shouldn’t be a problem. W: Thanks a lot for your advice. M: You’re welcome. Questions: 17. Which of the following statements is correct about June? 18. What does June think of the language courses initially? 19. What is June’s problem of living in a family house? 20. Which of the following is Mr. Johnson’s advice? II. Grammar and vocabulary (25’) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the fall of 1903, O. Henry was living in a room at the small Hotel Marty in New YorkCity. He had published a few stories in local magazines, but was still relatively unknown when editors at the New York World newspaper sent a young reporter ___21___ (track) down this mysterious writer. By the next day, O. Henry had an agreement with the newspaper to write one story a week for the magazine section of their Sunday edition. The World had ___22___ (large) daily circulation in the world, and O. Henry’s stories about New York life became immensely popular. By the time he left the newspaper after less than three years, O. Henry ___23___ (establish) his reputation as a gifted storyteller and master of surprise endings. O. Henry was the pen name used by William Sydney Porter, who was born in North P. Carolina. At the age of twenty, he moved to Texas, ___24___ he held a variety of jobs, eventually becoming a bank teller. He married and became a reporter and columnist for the Houston Post. After a few years, his wife ____25____ (diagnose) with a serious infectious disease, and he was accused of illegally taking the money of the bank where he worked. Some people have claimed ____26____ he was stealing money to help pay his wife’s medical bills. O. Henry fled to Central America, but his wife was too ill to accompany him. Months later, ___27___ her worsening condition, he returned and turned himself in to the police. His wife soon died, and O. Henry spent three years in prison in Ohio. It was during his time in prison that he began writing the stories that would make him famous. W. S. Porter emerged from prison ____28____ O. Henry. In 1902, O. Henry moved to New York City and started trying to sell his stories. In a few years his luck changed for the better, and his position with the New York World helped make him a ____29____ (celebrate) author. He published more than three hundred stories and gained worldwide acclaim. O. Henry’s stories are known for their plot twists and surprise endings. In fact, O. Henry’s own life ended with a “twist”—his funeral was somehow scheduled in the same church at the same time as someone else’s wedding! The O. Henry Award _____30_____ (honor) the authors of the best stories printed each year in American magazines. 【答案】21. to track 22. the largest 23. had established 24. where 25. was diagnosed 26. that 27. because of 28. as 29. celebrated 30. honors 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名作家欧·亨利的人生经历和成功故事。 【21题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他曾在当地杂志上发表过几篇文章，但在《纽约世界报》的编辑派一名年轻记者去追踪这位神秘作家时，他还相对不为人知。send sb to do sth“派某人干某事”是固定句式，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to track。 【22题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：《世界报》拥有世界上最大的日发行量，欧·亨利关于纽约生活的故事非常受欢迎。根据句意可知，根据“in the world”可知，此处应用形容词large的最高级作定语修饰名词短语daily circulation，表示“世界上最大的日发行量”。最高级前要加定冠词，故填the largest。 【23题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在他离开报社不到三年的时候，欧·亨利已经确立了他作为一个天才的说书人和出人意料的结局大师的声誉。根据句意和时间状语By the time he left可知，此处表示发生在一个过去动作之前的动作，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had established。 【24题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：20岁时，他搬到德克萨斯州，在那里他做过各种各样的工作，最终成为一名银行出纳。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Texas，是地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，表示“在那里”。故填where。 【25题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：几年后，他的妻子被诊断出患有严重的传染病，他被指控非法挪用他工作的银行的钱。动词diagnose和主语之间是被动关系，根据上下文可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was diagnosed。 【26题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：一些人声称他偷钱是为了帮助支付妻子的医药费。空处引导宾语从句，从句意义结构完整，用没有实际意义的that引导，that可省略。故填that。 【27题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：几个月后，由于她的病情恶化，他返回并向警方自首。后文动名词短语her worsening condition是he returned and turned himself in to the police的原因。接动名词短语作宾语，应用介词短语because of，故填because of。 【28题详解】 考查介词。句意：W·S·波特以欧·亨利的身份出狱。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词as和名词构成介词短语，表示“作为，以……身份”。故填as。 【29题详解】 考查过去分词转化的形容词。句意：几年后，他的运气变好了，他在《纽约世界报》的工作使他成为一名著名作家。动词celebrate“赞美，颂扬”和名词author之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词转化的形容词作定语。故填celebrated。 【30题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：欧·亨利奖授予每年在美国杂志上发表最佳小说的作者。根据时间状语each year可知，本句描述规律性动作，用一般现在时。主语The O. Henry Award为单数，主谓一致，故填honors。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. advances B. automation C. combed D. comprehensive E. filled F. generated G. modest H. prior I. thinned J. underlie K. unearth Does technology replace more jobs than it creates? What is the net balance between these two things? Until now, that has not been measured. But a new research project led by MIT economist David Autor has developed an answer, at least for U.S. history since 1940.The study uses new methods to examine how many jobs have been lost to machine ____31____, and how many have been generated through “augmentation(增强),” in which technology creates new tasks. Overall, the study finds, and particularly since 1980, technology has replaced more U.S. jobs than it has _____32_____. “There does appear to be a faster rate of automation, and a slower rate of augmentation, in the last four decades, from 1980 to the present, than in the four decades ____33____,” says Autor.However, that finding is only one of the study’s ____34____.The researchers have also developed an entirely new method for studying the issue, based on an analysis of thousands of U.S.censusjob categories in relation to a(n) ____35____ look at the text of U.S. patents over the last century. That has allowed them, for the first time, toquantifythe effects of technology over both job loss and job creation. The study finds that overall, about 60 percent of jobs in the U.S. represent new types of work, which have been created since 1940.To determine this, Autor and his colleagues ____36____ through about 35,000 job categories, tracking how they emerge over time. They also used natural language processing tools to analyze the text of every U.S. patent filed since 1920. That allowed them to ____37____ links between new technologies and their effects on employment. From about 1940 through 1980, for instance, jobs like elevator operator and typesetter(排字工人) tended to get automated. But at the same time, more workers —____38____ roles such as shipping and receiving clerks, buyers and department heads, and civil and space engineers.  From 1980 through 2018, the ranks of cabinetmakers and machinists, among others, have been ____39____ by automation, while industrial engineers, and operations and systems researchers and analysts, have enjoyed growth. Ultimately, the research suggests that the negative effects of automation on employment were more than twice as great in the 1980-2018 period as in the 1940-1980 period.There was a more ______40______, and positive, change in the effect of augmentation on employment in 1980-2018, as compared to 1940-1980. 【答案】31. B 32. F 33. H 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. K 38. E 39. I 40. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就科技取代的工作是否比创造的工作多展开讨论。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：这项研究使用了新方法来调查有多少工作岗位被机器自动化取代，又有多少工作岗位是通过技术创造新任务的“增强”创造的。根据句意“自动化”可知，此处为名词automation，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：总的来说，研究发现，特别是自1980年以来，技术取代的就业岗位比创造的就业岗位要多。根据句意“产生”可知，此处为动词generate，根据时间状语“since 1980”可知，使用现在完成时，已有助动词has，空处需填过去分词generated。故选F。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：奥托尔说:“从1980年到现在的过去40年里，与之前的40年相比，自动化的速度似乎更快了，而人工智能的增长速度却更慢了。”根据句意“之前”可知，此处为形容词prior，作后置定语。故选H。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，这一发现仅仅是这项研究的进步之一。根据句意“进步”可知，此处为名词advance，作表语，此处为one of+复数名词。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究人员还开发了一种全新的方法来研究这个问题，该方法基于对美国人口普查中数千种工作类别的分析，并对上个世纪的美国专利文本进行了全面的研究。根据句意“全面的”可知，此处为形容词comprehensive，修饰名词look。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：为了确定这一点，Autor和他的同事们梳理了大约35,000个工作类别，追踪它们是如何随着时间的推移而出现的。根据句意“梳理”可知，此处为动词comb，发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这使他们能够发现新技术及其对就业的影响之间的联系。根据句意“发现”可知，此处为动词unearth，使用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选K。 【38题详解】 考查动词。句意：但与此同时，更多的工人填补了诸如运输和收货员、采购员和部门主管以及土木和航天工程师等职位。根据句意“填补”可知，此处为动词fill，结合“From about 1940 through 1980”可知，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故选E。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：从1980年到2018年，橱柜制造商和机械师等人的队伍因自动化而减少，而工业工程师、运营和系统研究人员和分析师的队伍则有所增长。根据句意“减少”可知，此处为动词thin，结合上文have been可知，为现在完成时的被动语态。故选I。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：1980年至2018年，与1940年至1980年相比，经济增长对就业的影响发生了更温和、更积极的变化。根据句意“温和的”可知，此处为形容词modest，作定语修饰名词change。故选G。 II. Reading Comprehension (45’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. GuiltyPleasures? No Such Thing We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The trashy books we simply can’t ____41____. The awful earworms we hate to love. Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the ____42____ food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel ____43____? We should be free to enjoy whatever we like! And as it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in ____44____. Taking a mental break and enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual ____45____ gets us out of problem-solving mode, said Robin Nabi, a professor of communication at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who specializes in media effects and emotion. It can also improve our ability to productively deal with stressors and help us ____46____ more positively with other people. If that’s true, then why do guilty pleasures get such a bad ____47____? Well, it’s not the addiction itself, but the ____48____ we have when talking about them. However, according to experts like Dr. Nabi, feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy can ____49____ the benefits they offer us while getting rid of self-imposed embarrassment about our interests can be empowering and enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to _____50_____ “guilty pleasure” from our list of shames. One important value of a guilty pleasure is the _____51_____ it can create between people. “These shows are out there for a reason — they’re resonating (令人产生共鸣). Nabi said. He added that the connections we make with others who share our interests in such things “is not to be _____52_____.” _____53_____, talking about what we enjoy can ease any remaining guilt and makes it easier to discover more things that bring us pleasure. Being able to talk _____54_____ about what we love is more than just a way to spend the time，since it encourages us to justify our needs and be our true self. Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. Though guilt can enhance pleasure in some cases, it can also push us to indulge in _____55_____ we feel guilty about in others. 41. A. turn down B. take in C. tear apart D. put down 42. A. junk B. sugary C. spiritual D. transformative 43. A. relaxed B. guilty C. helpless D. alert 44. A. mass B. moderation C. minimum D. depression 45. A. focus B. superiority C. quality D. development 46. A. struggle B. charge C. engage D. persevere 47. A. breakup B. principle C. condition D. reputation 48. A. consciousness B. obligation C. attitudes D. requirements 49. A. switch B. receive C. claim D. decrease 50. A. remove B. discourage C. distinguish D. prevent 51. A. conflict B. difference C. exchange D. bond 52. A. established B. underestimated C. found D. strengthened 53. A. In addition B. On the contrary C. All in all D. Therefore 54. A. enthusiastically B. casually C. openly D. politely 55. A. theories B. behaviors C. problems D. relationships 【答案】41 D 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了事实证明，只要适度享受，这些所谓的“有罪的快感”对我们是有好处的。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们根本放不下那些垃圾书。A. turn down拒绝；B. take in吸收；C. tear apart撕破；D. put down放下。根据“The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad.”可知，此处表示因为喜欢垃圾书，所以根本放不下它们。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，这些都是我们的有罪的快感——有些人认为是我们媒体饮食中的垃圾食品。A. junk垃圾；B. sugary含糖的；C. spiritual精神上的；D. transformative有改革能力的。根据上文的“even though we just know they’re bad.”、“The trashy books”和“The awful earworms”可知，此处指垃圾食品。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果我们喜欢它们，我们为什么要感到有罪恶感呢？A. relaxed放松的；B. guilty有罪恶感的；C. helpless无助的；D. alert警觉的。根据上文的“Yes, these are our guilty pleasures”可知，此处提出疑问“既然喜欢，为什么要有罪恶感？”故选B。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，只要适度享受，这些所谓的“有罪”的快感实际上对我们有好处。A. mass大量；B. moderation适度；C. minimum最小值；D. depression抑郁。根据“We should be free to enjoy whatever we like!”和“these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us”可知，只要适度的喜欢，这些有罪的快感对我们是有好处的。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州大学圣巴巴拉分校(University of California, Santa Barbara)专门研究媒体效应和情感的传播学教授罗宾·纳比(Robin Nabi)说，让精神休息一下，享受一些不需要高度专注于智力的事情，可以让我们摆脱解决问题的模式。A. focus专注；B. superiority优势；C. quality质量；D. development发展。根据“enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual”可知，此处表示享受一些不需要高度专注于智力的事情。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还可以提高我们有效处理压力源的能力，帮助我们更积极地与他人交往。A. struggle奋斗；B. charge收费；C. engage与……有密切关系；D. persevere坚持不懈。根据下文“more positively with other people”可推知，此处指更积极地与他人交往。engage with为固定短语，表示“与……交往，建立友好关系”。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这是真的，那么为什么有罪的快感会有这么坏的名声呢？A. breakup破裂；B. principle原则；C. condition条件；D. reputation名声。根据“bad”和“Well, it’s not the addiction itself”可知，有罪的快感有坏的名声。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题不在于上瘾本身，而在于我们谈论上瘾时的态度。A. consciousness意识；B. obligation义务；C. attitudes态度；D. requirements要求。根据“we have when talking about them. ”可是，此处表明，罪恶的快感有坏的名声，是我们谈论它的态度有问题。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据纳比博士等专家的说法，对我们喜欢的活动感到内疚或贬低会减少它们给我们带来的好处，而摆脱对我们的兴趣的自我强加的尴尬可以增强和丰富我们的社交生活，这就是为什么是时候把“有罪的快感”从我们的集体词汇中删除了。A. switch交换；B. receive接收；C. claim声称；D. decrease减少。根据“feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy”可知，对我们喜欢的活动感到内疚或贬低会减少它们给我们带来的好处。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. remove删除；B. discourage使泄气；C. distinguish辨别；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy can ____9____ the benefits they offer us while getting rid of self-imposed embarrassment about our interests can be empowering and enrich our social lives”可知，此处解释了把“有罪的快感”从我们的集体词汇中删除的原因。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：罪恶快感的一个重要价值是它可以在人与人之间建立联系。A. conflict冲突；B. difference不同；C. exchange交换；D. bond联系。根据下文“He added that the connections…”可知，此处指它可以在人与人之间建立联系，bond与下文的connections对应。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，我们与在这类事情上有共同兴趣的人建立的联系“不可低估”。A. established建立；B. underestimated低估；C. found找到；D. strengthened加强。根据上文“One important value of a guilty pleasure is the ___11_____ it can create between people.“These shows are out there for a reason-they’re resonating(产生共鸣的),” Dr. Nabi said.”可知，我们与在这类事情上有共同兴趣的人建立的联系“不可低估”。故选B。 【53题详解】 考查介词短语和副词词义辨析。句意：此外，谈论我们喜欢什么可以减轻任何剩余的内疚感，使我们更容易发现更多给我们带来快乐的东西。A. In addition此外；B. On the contrary相反；C. All in all总而言之；D. Therefore因此。上文“One important value of a guilty pleasure is the ___11_____ it can create between people.”是在讲有罪的快感给我们带来的好处，空后内容继续说明好处，二者是并列的关系。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：能够公开地谈论我们的所爱不仅仅是一种消磨时间的方式。A. enthusiastically热情地；B. casually随意地；C. openly公开地；D. politely有礼貌地。根据“talking about what we enjoy can ease any remaining guilt and makes it easier to discover more things that bring us pleasure.”可知，此处说明公开谈论我们的所爱带来的好处。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然内疚在某些情况下可以增加快乐，但它也会促使我们沉迷于我们在其他情况下感到内疚的行为。A. theories理论；B. behaviors行为；C. problems问题；D. relationships关系。根据“Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation.”可知，任何事情都要适度，因为罪恶的快感会促使我们沉迷于我们在其他情况下感到内疚的行为。故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My family lost everything in the little-known flood of Baton Rouge, Louisiana last year that the Red Cross called the “Worst US disaster since Hurricane Sandy.” It began raining in mid-August. Then it rained some more got more powerful, and didn’t stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest (到达顶点)and cause some pretty serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but our senior neighbors told us that our neighborhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. Local news said that the nearby high school may get a little bit of water inside from the rising river. We thought we had a couple of days to plan on how we were going to shelter in place because of the weather forecast. On the 13th of August I woke up, walked outside and headed toward the direction of the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighborhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was fairly certain there was nothing to worry about. About 30 minutes into slowly packing there was a loud banging on my front door. It was my wife’s cousin. I opened the door and she said, “What are you doing?! Get out of the house!” I looked behind her and noticed my entire yard underwater and the waterline only about a half-inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. The river wasn’t supposed to crest until the next day. I thought we had more time. I yelled at my wife, “We have to get out of the house. Now!” We packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmothers. After being there for about an hour someone came to the front door and said, “You guys ned to get out. The river is coming.” Sure enough, her yard was flooding too. We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour we were told again that the river was on the way and we had to leave. 56. The author realized the arrival of the flood when ______. A. the rain started to fall heavily and non-stop B. the nearby high school was slightly affected C. there was standing water in some lower areas D. he was informed by his wife’s cousin at the door 57. What does the author mean by saying “I was floored” in the 6th paragraph? A. He was calm enough to cope with the flood. B. He became trapped by the rising floodwater. C. He was shocked by the early arrival of the flood. D. He lost his temper with his wife for being unprepared. 58. From the story, what do we know about the author’s evacuation? A. He didn’t take action immediately despite his neighbor’s warning. B. He trusted the weather forecast so that he prepared himself in advance. C. He and his wife brought some supplies and valuable belongings with them. D. He was forced to leave the temporary homes again and again to avoid danger. 59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Mutual Support in Disasters B. Baton Rouge Flooding C. How to Survive a Flood D. Methods of Predicting Floods 【答案】56. D 57. C 58. D 59. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去年，在路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日那场鲜为人知的洪水中，作者的家人失去了一切，红十字会称之为“自飓风桑迪以来美国最严重的灾难”。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“About 30 minutes into slowly packing there was a loud banging on my front door. It was my wife’s cousin. I opened the door and she said, “What are you doing?! Get out of the house!” I looked behind her and noticed my entire yard underwater and the waterline only about a half-inch from going over my doorstep and into my house.(在我慢慢收拾行李大约30分钟后，我的前门传来了砰的一声巨响。是我妻子的堂姐。我打开门，她说：“你在干什么？！快离开这个房子！”我看了看她身后，发现我的整个院子都被水淹没了，水线只差半英寸就能越过我的门阶，进入我的房子)”可知，当作者在门口接到他妻子的堂姐的通知时，他意识到洪水要来了。故选D。 【57题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句下文“The river wasn’t supposed to crest until the next day. I thought we had more time.(预计河水要到第二天才会上涨。我以为我们有更多的时间)”及第七段“I yelled at my wife, “We have to get out of the house. Now!”(我对妻子喊道：“我们必须离开这个房子。现在！”)”可推知，面对提前到来的洪水，作者非常震惊。由此可知，作者说“I was floored.”意思是“洪水提前到来使他感到震惊”。故选C。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmothers.(我们从河边向东疏散了5英里，去找我妻子的祖母)”和第九段“After being there for about an hour someone came to the front door and said, “You guys ned to get out. The river is coming.”(在那里呆了大约一个小时后，有人来到前门说:“你们得出去了。河水来了。”)”及最后一段“We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour we were told again that the river was on the way and we had to leave.(我们在两个小时内第二次疏散到她表亲的房子，甚至在更东边。仅仅过了一个小时，我们又被告知河在路上，我们必须离开)”可知，作者为了躲避危险，被迫一次又一次地离开临时住所。故选D。 【59题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“My family lost everything in the little-known flood of Baton Rouge, Louisiana last year that the Red Cross called the “Worst US disaster since Hurricane Sandy.”(去年，在路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日那场鲜为人知的洪水中，我的家人失去了一切，红十字会称之为“自飓风桑迪以来美国最严重的灾难”)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者一家在巴吞鲁日洪水期间的经历。由此可知，Baton Rouge Flooding(巴吞鲁日洪水)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。 (B) The Pros and Cons of Napping Daytime resting: helpful or harmful? Getting some sleep, even a short afternoon nap, may seem like a good thing for people with sleep disorders. But for those with insomnia and an already decreased desire to sleep at night, midday shut-eye can actually be counterproductive. So before you curl up on the couch this afternoon, consider whether your quick fix might backfire when you lie down in bed tonight. Trouble sleeping at night If you have insomnia, naps present a problem, even if you feel tired during the day. Napping during the day can perpetuate bad sleep habits for people with temporary sleep issues caused by stress, illness, or jet lag too. “Even just a little bit of a power nap reduces your night time sleep drive,” says Ralph Downey III, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Center at Loma Linda University Medical Center in Califoria. “The nap becomes nothing more than another episode of fragmented sleep.” Getting through the day If you don’t have a problem getting your z’s at night, a quick nap can work wonders to pull you through a tiresome or sleep-deprived day. In fact, a 2008 study found that a 45-minute daytime nap can improve memory function. And previous studies have found that naps can lower blood pressure. Those who suffer from narcolepsy or shift-work syndrome may also benefit from daytime naps, says James Wyatt, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Service and Research Center at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. Fatigue could be a warning sign If you’re constantly fighting the urge to sleep during the day and falling asleep instantly at night, you might have obstructive sleep apnea, a condition in which you stop breathing while you sleep. In this case, naps won’t help. By wearing a continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) machine that flows oxygen through your nose, however, you’ll likely sleep more soundly and wake refreshed whether from a good night’s rest or a quick catnap. 60. If you suffer from insomnia________. A. midday shut-eye may be helpful B. a short afternoon nap is probably a good thing C. napping during the day is considered a good habit D. a little bit of a power nap decreases your night time sleep desire 61 A quick nap can be beneficial for common people except those________. A. who have a problem falling into sleep at night B. whose memory is not good enough C. who suffer from shift-work syndrome D. whose blood pressure is too high 62. It can be inferred from the passage that________. A. naps are helpful for those who have obstructive sleep apnea B. more oxygen through your nose might improve sleep quality C. a 45-minute daytime nap can be beneficial for those with insomnia D. a quick nap can pull everyone through a sleep-deprived day 【答案】60. D 61. A 62. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了小睡的利弊。 【60题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Trouble sleeping at night”下面的“If you have insomnia, naps present a problem, even if you feel tired during the day. (如果你失眠，小睡会带来问题，即使你白天感到疲劳。)”和“Even just a little bit of a power nap reduces your night time sleep drive(即使只是一点点日间小睡也会减少你夜间的睡眠动力)”可知，如果你失眠，那么一点点日间小睡会削减晚上的睡眠欲望。故选D。 【61题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Getting through the day”下面的“If you don’t have a problem getting your z’s at night, a quick nap can work wonders to pull you through a tiresome or sleep-deprived day.(如果你晚上入睡没有问题，那么快速小睡一下可以神奇地让你度过无聊或睡眠不足的一天。)”可知，快速小睡一下对于那些晚上容易入睡的人来说有好处，由此可推测出，这对于那些晚上睡眠困难的人来说没有好处。故选A。 【62题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By wearing a continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) machine that flows oxygen through your nose, however, you’ll likely sleep more soundly and wake refreshed whether from a good night’s rest or a quick catnap.(然而，通过佩戴一台能让氧气通过鼻子的持续气道正压通气机，也就是CPAP，无论是从良好的夜间休息还是快速的小睡中，你都可能睡得更香，醒来时精神抖擞。)”可知，持续气道正压通气机能够让氧气进入鼻子，佩戴这种机器可以有助于睡眠，让醒来时神清气爽，由此可推测出，呼吸更多的氧气有助于提升睡眠质量。故选B。 (C) Could your dog be prone to a fatal disease? Is your new shelter pup part beagle or boxer? Many pet owners seek answers to these questions, and as a result, direct-to-consumer dog DNA testing is booming. Human interfering with dog DNA has long been the driving factor behind dogs’ breed diversity — or lack thereof. But a dog’s DNA can also be used to confirm their lineage (血统) or identify their breed, a boon for pet owners on the lookout for breed-specific health or behavioral challenges or those looking to confirm their dog really has the heritage claimed by a breeder or seller. During DNA analysis, labs sequence the dog’s DNA and look for similarities with a dataset of identified dog breeds. But breed identification isn’t as simple as it might seem. In a study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association last month, scientists looked into the accuracy of breed prediction in commercially available DNA tests that required a photo of the dog in addition to its DNA sample. The results were mixed, says Casey Greene, a professor who co-authored the study. “Most tests could accurately distinguish the breed of purebred dogs,” says Greene. But the analysis suggested that some testing companies might rely on the photo more than the dog’s actual genetics — and revealed big differences between companies’ business practices and the genetic datasets they use to determine dog breeds. The researchers submitted photos and DNA of 12 purebred dogs to a total of six commercial canine (犬的) ancestry identification services. Since each pup was purebred and possessed extensive American Kennel Club paperwork, the researchers knew their breed conclusively—but in some cases they provided a photo of a different dog to see if the photo influenced the DNA results. One of the companies misidentified a purebred Chinese crested dog — almost entirely hairless — as a long-haired Brittany spaniel, seemingly based on the photo alone. The other five did identify the registered breed correctly, but often gave different predictions for other “ancestor” breeds in dogs whose DNA suggested mixed breeding in prior generations. The researchers concluded that veterinarians and pet owners alike should “approach direct-to-consumer tests with caution” given the lack of industry standardization and at least one company’s reliance on photographs instead of DNA analysis. Despite these concerns, though. dog DNA seems headed for a golden age — and the insights revealed through further study of Fido’s genome (基因组) have already reached far beyond the doghouse. Domesticated dogs have emerged as surprising superstars in medical research that benefits humans. According to researchers, that’s just the beginning. With implications ranging from entertaining to consequential, there’s no telling what dog DNA will continue to unleash. 63. The underlined word “boon” in paragraph two is closest in meaning to ________. A. blessing B. substitute C. duty D. struggle 64. According to the passage, dog DNA testing can serve the following purposes except that ________. A. it assists in accurately determining the breed a dog belongs to B. it helps to predict whether dogs are subject to certain diseases C. it provides pet owners with insights into dogs’ behavioral challenges D. it sequences the DNA of identified dog breeds to find their similarities 65. Which of the following statements can be concluded from the passage? A. Photos play a more significant role in identifying a dog’s breed than its actual genetics. B. It is a common phenomenon that the DNA analysis of dogs may yield mixed results. C. Commercial dog DNA tests still have limitations and should be dealt with cautiously. D. Direct-to-consumer tests overshadow DNA analysis in identifying purebred dogs. 66. What does the passage suggest about the future of dog DNA testing? A. Controversies regarding its reliability are here to stay. B. It is bound to make breakthroughs in the fields of medicine and entertainment. C. It can step into a golden age as long as some research limitations are fixed. D. It may have far-reaching significance and be applied to a wider range of areas. 【答案】63. A 64. D 65. C 66. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了直接面向消费者的狗狗DNA测试正在蓬勃发展，解释了这项服务的用途以及意义。 【63题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“for pet owners on the lookout for breed-specific health or behavioral challenges or those looking to confirm their dog really has the heritage claimed by a breeder or seller”可知，狗的DNA也可以用来确认它们的血统或识别它们的品种，这对那些寻找特定品种的健康或行为问题的宠物主人来说是一件幸事，或者那些想要确认他们的狗真的拥有育种者或卖家声称的遗产。故划线词意思是“幸事”。故选A。 【64题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“During DNA analysis, labs sequence the dog’s DNA and look for similarities with a dataset of identified dog breeds.(在DNA分析过程中，实验室对狗的DNA进行测序，并寻找与已识别犬种数据集的相似性)”可知，D选项“它对已识别的狗品种的DNA进行排序，以找到它们的相似性”不是狗的DNA测试可以服务的目的。故选D。 【65题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But the analysis suggested that some testing companies might rely on the photo more than the dog’s actual genetics — and revealed big differences between companies’ business practices and the genetic datasets they use to determine dog breeds.(但分析表明，一些测试公司可能更多地依赖于狗的照片，而不是狗的实际基因，并揭示了公司的商业实践和他们用来确定狗品种的基因数据集之间的巨大差异)”可知，商业狗的DNA测试仍然有局限性，应该谨慎对待。故选C。 【66题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Domesticated dogs have emerged as surprising superstars in medical research that benefits humans. According to researchers, that’s just the beginning. With implications ranging from entertaining to consequential, there’s no telling what dog DNA will continue to unleash.(在造福人类的医学研究中，驯化的狗成为了令人惊讶的超级明星。据研究人员称，这仅仅是个开始。从娱乐到后果，没有人知道狗的DNA会继续释放什么)”可知，这篇文章暗示了狗的DNA测试的未来可能具有深远的意义，可以应用于更广泛的领域。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A San Francisco Museum Tackles Art's Instagram Dilemma A woman held tightly her phone to her heart, the way a missionary might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of a stunning bouquet of flowers that sat not 10 ft away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others who were doing the same. ___67___. For the 34th year, florists were asked to create bouquets that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. A tower of baby's breath imitates a waterfall in a nearby painting by Gustav Grunewald. Red flamingo flowers and neon blue sticks echo a surreal portrait of a woman by Salvador Dali. It’s amazing and also extremely Instagrammable, to the point that it has become a problem. ___68___. Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their sponsors. So the de Young responded with a kind of agreement: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibition’s six-day run. One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is truth to this. It found that people who took photos of an exhibit rather than simply observing it had a harder time remembering what they saw. ___69___. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a selfie playland”. Yet a lot of other people do, and her take is that the de Young is in no position to claim that one motivation for buying a $28 ticket is more valid than another. If we removed social media and photography, she says, “we should risk becoming irrelevant”. ___70___. On this visit to the museum, most people seemed to treat the photo craze as the new normal. Many politely waited their turn and got out of other people’s shots,even as visitors bumped into each other in crowded galleries. A. If this is a battle, signs indicate that the pro-phone crowd has already won. B. But rather than expressing frustration about this awkwardness, she said she felt guilty, as if she were the one challenging convention. C. In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. D. The cause of this recent craze was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular annual events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco. E. The truth is people like selfies more than the exhibits way beyond researchers' imagination. F. But the issue is complicated for the professionals running museums. 【答案】67. D 68. C 69. F 70. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于一项名为“花束与艺术”的活动，旧金山的德扬博物馆里拿着手机拍照的人络绎不绝，这造成了一些问题。文章从不同人的角度说明了他们对此的看法。 【67题详解】 根据上一段中“She was anxious to take a picture of a stunning bouquet of flowers that sat not 10 ft away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others who were doing the same.(她迫不及待地想要在不到10英尺远的地方拍下一束漂亮的鲜花，但首先她得穿过一群同样做着同样事情的人)”以及后文“For the 34th year, florists were asked to create bouquets that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. (这是第34年，花商被要求根据展出的艺术品创作花束，从古代雕刻到当代雕塑)”可知，本句承接上文解释了女子想要拍摄花束这一行为的原因，根据后文内容可知起因是一项与花有关的活动，故D选项“最近这股热潮的起因是‘从花束到艺术’，这是旧金山德杨博物馆最受欢迎的年度活动之一。”符合语境，故选D。 【68题详解】 根据上文“It’s amazing and also extremely Instagrammable, to the point that it has become a problem.( 这很神奇，也非常适合在instagram上分享，以至于这已经成为了一个问题)”以及后文“Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their sponsors.(世界各地的艺术机构都面临着类似的问题，渴望去博物馆拍照成为了博物馆的巨大吸引力，同时也让一些赞助商感到不安)”可知，本段主要是在说明这一活动给博物馆或是艺术机构带来的问题，故C选项“近年来，德扬博物馆收到了上千条投诉，人们认为手机破坏了他们的展览体验”符合语境，故选C。 【69题详解】 根据后文“Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be ‘a selfie playland’.(德扬博物馆的市场营销、沟通和游客体验主管琳达•巴特勒承认，并非所有人都希望博物馆成为‘自拍乐园’)”可知，后文提到了德扬博物馆的主管对此的看法，说明本段主要是从博物馆经营者的角度来说明对这一问题的看法。F选项中the professionals running museums对应后文中Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing。故F选项“但对于经营博物馆的专业人士来说，这个问题很复杂”符合语境，故选F。 【70题详解】 根据后文“On this visit to the museum, most people seemed to treat the photo craze as the new normal. Many politely waited their turn and got out of other people’s shots,even as visitors bumped into each other in crowded galleries.(在这次参观博物馆的过程中，大多数人似乎都将拍照热视为新常态。尽管游客们在拥挤的画廊里互相撞来撞去，但许多人还是礼貌地排队等候，避开了其他人的镜头)”可知，后文中提到的大多数人将拍照热视为新常态，且许多人还是能礼貌排队等候，说明人们还是支持手机拍照的。故A选项“如果这是一场战斗，有迹象表明，支持手机的那群人已经赢了”符合语境，故选A。 IV. Summary Writing 10% 71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point'(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. These days, its not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures，office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks, it's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult. What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia（怀旧）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted. Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity （不成熟） and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly（异常）that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acccptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests. The growing phenomenon can be explained by their desire to recapture childhood pleasures and their ability to afford them because of delayed marriage. Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible, kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，童心未泯的成人指的是那些和童年时一样有兴趣的成年人。这种日益增长的现象可以解释为，他们渴望重获童年的快乐，而由于推迟结婚，这使他们有能力负担得起自己想要的玩具。虽然传统上被认为是不成熟和不负责任的，但童心未泯的成人认为这种无害的行为，有利于个人和显示他们的独立思考，这种现象很大程度上是由社会因素引起的。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①These days, its not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures，office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks, it's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. ②This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult. ③One is about adults' nostalgia（怀旧）for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. ④Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. ⑤Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity （不成熟） and irresponsibility. ⑥From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4和5、6几个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests. The growing phenomenon can be explained by their desire to recapture childhood pleasures and their ability to afford them because of delayed marriage. Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests.这句话运用关系代词who引导的定语从句。 [高分句型2]：Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible, kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors. 这句话运用关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句。 V. Translation(15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 景区可利用短视频提升知名度，助力文旅宣传。(facilitate) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Scenic spots can use short videos to raise reputation/profile and facilitate the cultural tourism promotion. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。“景区”可以翻译为“scenic spots”，在句中作主语。“可利用”可以翻译为“can use”，该结构在句中作谓语。“短视频”可翻译为“short videos”，在句中作use的宾语。“提升知名度”可翻译为“raise reputation/profile”，“助力”可用动词“facilitate”，“文化宣传”可翻译为“the cultural tourism promotion”，该名词短语作facilitate的宾语。“raise reputation/profile and facilitate the cultural tourism promotion”为并列的目的状，所以需要动词不定式。故翻译为Scenic spots can use short videos to raise reputation/profile and facilitate the cultural tourism promotion. 73. 他运动之前习惯热身和拉伸以避免受伤。(ritual) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He makes it a ritual to warm up and stretch before exercising to avoid getting injured. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配，固定句式和动词不定式。本句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。he作主语；表示“习惯”为a ritual；表示“热身”短语为warm up；表示“拉伸”动词为stretch；表示“运动之前”的短语为before exercising；表示“他运动之前习惯热身和拉伸”可用固定搭配He makes it a ritual to warm up and stretch before exercising，it作形式宾语，a ritual作宾补，动词不定式作真正的宾语；表示“避免做某事”应用avoid doing sth.。表示“以避免受伤”应用短语to avoid getting injured，动词不定式作目的状语。句首字母大写，故翻译为He makes it a ritual to warm up and stretch before exercising to avoid getting injured. 74. 网络红包的乐趣在于它的未知性，因为收到红包的人只有打开它时才知道自己到底抢到了多少钱。(until) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The joy of online red packet lies in its unpredictability, for the one receiving it will never know how much he has grabbed until he opens it. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配、非谓语动词、并列句、宾语从句和状语从句。根据汉语中的“因为……”可知，这里可用for引出表示原因的句子，for表示“因为”；根据汉语中的“只有……才……”可知，这里应用not/never until(直到……才)表示。“网络红包”可表示为online red packet；“……的乐趣”可表示为the joy of；“在于”可表示为lie in，为固定搭配；“未知性”可表示为unpredictability；“收到”可表示为receive，“红包”在前面已经提及，这里可用it代指，根据句中的“收到红包的人”可知，这里特指收到红包的那个人，应用the one表示，且“收到红包”作定语修饰the one，receive和the one之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，即the one receiving it；“打开”可表示为open；“知道”可表示为know；“抢到了多少钱”作“知道”的宾语，可用how much引导的宾语从句how much he has grabbed表示。故本句可翻译为：The joy of online red packet lies in its unpredictability, for the one receiving it will never know how much he has grabbed until he opens it. 75. 所有直播带货中的失败案例告诉我们一个事实：网络购物虽然火爆，但产品质量和售后服务也必须得到相应保障。（guarantee）(汉译英） 【答案】All the failure cases in the live-streaming marketing tell us the fact that although online shopping is popular, product quality and after-sales service must also be guaranteed accordingly. 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查短语、时态、状语从句和名词性从句。live-streaming marketing直播带货；tell sb sth.告诉某人某事；online shopping 网络购物； after-sales service 售后服务。名词fact后接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。although 尽管，引导让步状语从句。陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为All the failure cases in the live-streaming marketing tell us the fact that although online shopping is popular, product quality and after-sales service must also be guaranteed accordingly. VI. Guided Writing(25分) 76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生赵磊，你的外国朋友William一直对中国文化很感兴趣。近日，他在网上了解到有两个相关的线上节目（节目信息如下表所示），但他对节目选择有些茫然，想听听你的建议。请给William回复一封邮件，邮件内容须包括： （1）推荐其中一个节目； （2）通过比较两个节目的信息，说明你推荐该节目的理由。 节目名称 故宫里的国宝 Treasures of the Forbidden City 寻访中国美食 Exploring Chinese Cuisine 节目内容 介绍故宫里的国宝及其背后的故事 介绍中国传统美食及其烹饪方式 节目形式 纪录片 短视频 节目语言 英语解说 无字幕 (subtitles) 中文解说 英语字幕 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear William, Having learnt you are interested in Chinese culture and that you cannot decide whether to opt for the Treasures of the Forbidden City or the Exploring Chinese Cuisine, I am writing to put forward my own idea that the second option might be more suitable for you. The reasons behind the choice, as far as I can see, can be analyzed in three aspects. To begin with, as is universally acknowledged, delicious cuisine is always a popular topic around the whole world. In this programme, you will be introduced the process of making Chinese traditional food, which is also a part of the Chinese culture. In addition, it won't cost you much time since it is presented by short video, so that you can choose your time freely. Last but not least, although the programme is spoken in Chinese, there are English subtitles for you to have a full understanding of the content. To sum up, it is advisable that you choose the second one. Hope the above might be of any help to you. Thank you for your time and wish you a great success in learning about the Chinese culture. Yours, Zhao Lei 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国朋友William写一封邮件，给他提一些关于了解中国文化节目的选择建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：option→choice 总之：to sum up→in short 普遍地：universally→widely 有帮助的：be of help→be helpful 2.句式拓展 改为复合句 原句：The reasons behind the choice, as far as I can see, can be analyzed in three aspects.  拓展句：The reasons why I made the choice can be analyzed in three aspects.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Having learnt you are interested in Chinese culture and that you cannot decide whether to opt for the Treasures of the Forbidden City or the Exploring Chinese Cuisine, I am writing to put forward my own idea that the second option might be more suitable for you.(运用了现在分词短语作状语和idea后that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】To begin with, as is universally acknowledged, delicious cuisine is always a popular topic around the whole world.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$