暑假作业03 名词、冠词 -【暑假分层作业】2024年七年级英语暑假培优练（牛津译林版）

完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业03名词、冠词 可数名词的复数形式 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-s cake—cakes bag—bags student—students bed—beds 以-s,-x,-sh,-ch等结尾的词 加-es bus—buses　box—boxes　watch—watches 以辅音字母加-y结尾的词 变y为i,再加-es baby—babies city—cities　country—countries lady—ladies 以元音字母加-y结尾的词 加-s toy—toys　monkey—monkeys 以f(fe)结尾的词 变f(fe)为ves leaf—leaves　wolf—wolves　life—lives 以-ce,-se,-ze,-(d)ge等结尾的词 加-s face—faces　orange—oranges 不规则变化 改变单数名词中的元音字母 man—men　woman—women　foot—feet　tooth—teeth 单复数形式相同 fish—fish　sheep—sheep　deer—deer Chinese—Chinese　Japanese—Japanese 其他形式 mouse—mice 名词所有格 1.名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种表示形式:一种是’s所有格,另一种是of所有格。 2.用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系,这时只在最后一个名词后加-’s。 3.以-s结尾的名词,在s后加-’;不以-s结尾的词在词尾加-’s。 4.of所有格常用来表示无生命的东西。如: 5.双重所有格有两种形式:①of+名词所有格;②of+名词性物主代词。如: 6.表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,常在名词后加上-’s代表全称。如: 7.一些具有名词性质的复合不定代词,如someone,everybody等和else连用时,-’s应加在else后。 8.表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以在词尾加-’s或-’来构成所有格。 1.(2023扬州)—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou? —I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful 　　　!  A.movement　　　　 B.attraction C.experience　　　　 D.research 2.(2023宿迁)—The girl’s beautiful pronunciation caught our 　　　in yesterday’s English speech competition.  —Yes， many students couldn’t help cheering for her. A.condition　　　　 B.attention C.invention　　　　 D.position 3.(2023徐州)Of all the 　　　， I love summer best.  A.seasons　　　　 B.subjects C.colours　　　　 D.hobbies 1.(2023宿迁)All the students are looking forward to the talent show on 　　　　　(星期五).  2.(2023宿迁)Alice likes dancing and she dreams of being a ballet 　　　　　(舞蹈家) in the future.  3.(2023宿迁)Many people think that Hanfu is an art 　　　　　(形式) and one of the most important parts of Chinese national culture.  4.(2023苏州)Some of my 　　　(英雄) are real people， and some are from stories.  5.(2023扬州)In these 　　　　， each plant has its own story to tell. (花园)  6.(2023连云港)In today’s DIY class， students made cards in different 　　　　　(形状).  7.(2022连云港)—Whose 　　　　　(手套) are these? They aren’t mine.  —They’re Lucy’s. 8.(2023淮安洪泽一模)The 　　　　　(visit) come from the USA. They want to visit the Great Wall.  9.(2022无锡锡山一模)Don’t let the 　　　　　(sad) of your past and the fear of your future influence your present.  10.(2022泰州海陵第一次阶段考试) —Which natural 　　　　　(beautiful) are you going to visit?  —Maybe Mount Huangshan， but I’m not sure. 11.(2023南京鼓楼阶段检测)China in the Classics(《典籍里的中国》)， an educational TV show， shares a lot about the great ancient books and the 　　　　　(write) experiences with the TV viewers.  12.(2023扬州邗江一模)　　　　　 Day is a good chance to show our love to our teachers.(teacher)  不定冠词a,an的区别 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 a teacher,a good student an用在以元音音素开头的单词前 an apple tree,an interesting story 注意:①判断一个词前用a还是an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。我们可以这样记忆:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。 ②在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。 ③要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/ʌ/音时前用an,如:an umbrella,an unusual story,an unhappy boy;当“u”发/juː/音时前用a,如:a university,a useful book。 定冠词the的基本用法 特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,普通专有名,习语及乐器。 1.(2023连云港)China is 　　　country with a history of more than 5，000 years.  A.the B.a C.an D./ 2.(2023扬州)Yangzhou is 　　　city full of 　　　history， culture and mouthwatering food.  A.the;a B.a;a C.the; the D.a;/ 3.(2023宿迁)—Betty began to play 　　　violin at the age of four.  —No wonder she plays so well. A.a B.an C.the D./ 4.(2022连云港)Me and My Winter Games is 　　　interesting film. It’s a gift for Beijing 2022.  A.a B.an C.the D./ 5.(2022扬州)China has helped end over 70% of poverty worldwide since 　　　late 1970s， according to 　　　World Bank.  A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the　　　　 D.the;a 6.(2022镇江)The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed me a lot， and 　　　moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.  A.a B.an C.the D.不填 7.(2022盐城)Travelling to Yancheng， 　　　beautiful seaside city， is a fantastic experience.  A.a B.an C.the D./ 8.(2022淮安)Autumn is 　　　best season to visit the Great Wall in China.  A./ B.a C.an D.the 9.(2021扬州)As 　　　teacher， it’s important to be 　　　good role model for their students.  A.the;a B.a;the C.a;a D.the;the 10.(2021宿迁)Kitty sometimes eats 　　　orange or some grapes after lunch.  A.an B.a C.the D./ 1.(2023南通如皋二模)It’s 　　　same in China—many people are not overweight at all， but are always going on 　　　diet or taking weight⁃loss pills.  A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;a 2.(2023扬州江都二模)There was 　　　long silence， then a sudden scream broke 　　　silence.  A.a;the B./;the C./;/ D.a;/ 3.(2023扬州仪征二模)—Do you still remember when he performed 　　　musical Cats?  —I only remember it was on 　　　hot summer evening.  A.a;the　　　　 B.an;the C.the;a　　　　 D./;a 4.(2023泰州姜堰学业质量检测)I think it’s 　　　useful advice， and I remember not to speak loudly in 　　　public.  A.a;the B.an;/ C.the;the D./;/ 5.(2023无锡锡东片第一次适应性考试)　　　 Wuxi you see today is quite 　　　different city from the one that it used to be.  A.The;不填 B.不填;the C.The;a　　　　 D.A;a 6.(2023常州天宁第一次调研测试)I can’t remember when he met 　　　strange woman. I only remember it was 　　　Friday evening.  A.a;the　　　　 B.an;the C.the;a　　　　 D./;a 7.(2023扬州邗江一模)Learning 　　　country’s language is a better way to know 　　　culture behind it.  A.the;a　　　　 B.a;the C./;the　　　　 D.a;/ 8.(2023南通海安二模)For the first time in its 95⁃year history， 　　　Oscar for Best Actress was awarded to 　　　Asian woman， Yang Ziqiong.  A.an;an B.the;an C.an;the　　　　 D.the;the 9.(2022扬州高邮模拟)We stopped in 　　　quiet place for a picnic， near 　　　rice fields of the village.  A.a;a B.the;a C.a;the　　　　 D.the;the 10.(2022南通如皋一模)　　　 Nantong today is much more beautiful. Mr. Jackson said he would visit it 　　　second time.  A.The;the B./;the C./;a D.A;a 一 The children wanted some cherries for the Russian. They remembered some wild cherry trees near the railway tunnel. When they arrived at the tunnel, they looked up at the ___1___ above it. “Look! The trees are ___2___.” Peter said. “It’s a landslide（滑坡）,” Roberta said. “There has been a lot of ___3___ . The earth is soft. It is moving and bringing the trees with it.” “They are going to ___4___ on the railway line,” Phyllis said. “There will be an accident. We must stop the next train.” “ ___5___?” Peter said. “The next train is arriving at 11:29. That’s in five minutes.” “We need ___6___ red to wave,” Peter said. “Red is for ___7___.” “My petticoat is red,” Phyllis said. “I’ll tear pieces off.” “Mother will be ___8___ if you do that,” Roberta said. “Petticoats are expensive.” “People may die if there is an accident,” Peter said. “Petticoats aren’t ___9___.” Phyllis tore strips from her petticoat. Peter cut off ___10___ tree branches with his knife. He tied the strips to the branches. “Now we each have a red flag,” he said. “When we wave these, the driver will ___11___ the train.” The children waited at the other side for the train to come. Then, the train ___12___. The children waved their flags. The driver saw the red flags and ___13___. He knew something was ___14___. He stopped the train. The children shouted to the driver there were trees on the line. The passengers（乘客）on the train wanted to know ___15___ the train was not moving. When the driver told them, they cheered for the children. “You have prevented a bad accident,” the driver said, “I’m sure the railway company will thank you.” —Taken from The Railway Children 1. A. trees B. cherries C. flags D. trains 2. A. planting B. growing C. moving D. falling 3. A. snow B. cloud C. wind D. rain 4. A. fall B. move C. stop D. hide 5. A. Why B. Where C. How D. When 6. A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something 7. A. danger B. traffic C. sign D. fire 8. A. happy B. angry C. excited D. surprised 9. A. cheap B. pretty C. fit D. important 10. A. two B. three C. four D. five 11. A. start B. drive C. make D. stop 12. A. left B. stopped C. arrived D. moved 13. A. the passengers B. the children C. the petticoats D. the trees 14. A. wrong B. amazing C. broken D. usual 15. A. what B. why C. if D. how 二 John lives in a town 20 kilometers away from London. He loves ___1___ (eat) sweet food so much that he ___2___ (work) in a bakery (面包店) in ___3___ (nine) Street. He helps make ___4___ (hundred) of cakes every day. Yesterday afternoon, there was little flour (面粉) for cakes. So the owner asked him ___5___ (go) and get another bag of flour. John ran to the back room and found the bags lying on the top shelf. The shelf was much taller than he was. He could not ___6___ (reach) them at all. Then a good idea came to his mind. He ___7___ (carry) a ladder, put it behind the door and climbed up. When he was carrying one bag down, ___8___ (sudden), someone opened the door. It was the owner. He ___9___ (not see) John behind the door. John fell down and all the flour was on his head. The owner was too angry to say a word. John said, “I ____10____ (be) more careful next time.” 三 阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面的各项任务。 Do you know Kumamon （熊本熊）? He is the most popular bear in Japan. With the big black body, red cheeks （脸颊） and wide-open eyes, Kumamon always looks surprised. It makes him very lovely. And people of different ages love him. 2. 熊本熊和真正的熊一样高。He is the mascot （吉祥物） of a place called Kumamoto in Japan. Before the lovely mascot appeared in 2010, few people knew about this place. But now it is very famous and lots of people come to visit it every year. Kumamon has his website, blog and Facebook page, so people can know what he is doing every day. People can also see him on over 10000 things, like shirts, bags and candy boxes. There are some reasons （原因） why Kumamon is so popular. First, he has a cute look. Second, people can find him on so many things that they can hardly forget him. Third, he is very funny. And there are a lot of photos and videos about him on the Internet. They make people laugh a lot. 4. People think he is not just a mascot, but more like a person. 1．What does Kumamon look like? 2．将划线的汉语句子翻译成英语。 3．How can people know what Kumamon is doing? 4．将划线的英语句子翻译成汉语。 5．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业03名词、冠词 可数名词的复数形式 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-s cake—cakes bag—bags student—students bed—beds 以-s,-x,-sh,-ch等结尾的词 加-es bus—buses　box—boxes　watch—watches 以辅音字母加-y结尾的词 变y为i,再加-es baby—babies city—cities　country—countries lady—ladies 以元音字母加-y结尾的词 加-s toy—toys　monkey—monkeys 以f(fe)结尾的词 变f(fe)为ves leaf—leaves　wolf—wolves　life—lives 以-ce,-se,-ze,-(d)ge等结尾的词 加-s face—faces　orange—oranges 不规则变化 改变单数名词中的元音字母 man—men　woman—women　foot—feet　tooth—teeth 单复数形式相同 fish—fish　sheep—sheep　deer—deer Chinese—Chinese　Japanese—Japanese 其他形式 mouse—mice 名词所有格 1.名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种表示形式:一种是’s所有格,另一种是of所有格。 2.用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系,这时只在最后一个名词后加-’s。 3.以-s结尾的名词,在s后加-’;不以-s结尾的词在词尾加-’s。 4.of所有格常用来表示无生命的东西。如: 5.双重所有格有两种形式:①of+名词所有格;②of+名词性物主代词。如: 6.表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,常在名词后加上-’s代表全称。如: 7.一些具有名词性质的复合不定代词,如someone,everybody等和else连用时,-’s应加在else后。 8.表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以在词尾加-’s或-’来构成所有格。 1.(2023扬州)—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou? —I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful 　　　!  A.movement　　　　 B.attraction C.experience　　　　 D.research 答案　C　考查名词。movement移动; attraction吸引; experience经验，经历，体验; research研究。A boat tour(乘船游览)是一次经历，故选C。 2.(2023宿迁)—The girl’s beautiful pronunciation caught our 　　　in yesterday’s English speech competition.  —Yes， many students couldn’t help cheering for her. A.condition　　　　 B.attention C.invention　　　　 D.position 答案　B　考查名词辨析。condition条件;attention注意;invention发明;position位置。由“many students couldn’t help cheering for her”可知，此处指女孩漂亮的发音吸引了我们的注意。故选B。 3.(2023徐州)Of all the 　　　， I love summer best.  A.seasons　　　　 B.subjects C.colours　　　　 D.hobbies 答案　A　考查名词辨析。season季节;subject学科，话题;colour颜色;hobby业余爱好。根据下文中的summer可知，此句指“在所有的季节中，我最喜欢夏天”。故选A。 1.(2023宿迁)All the students are looking forward to the talent show on 　　　　　(星期五).  答案　Friday　星期五用“Friday”表示，此处指本周五，应用单数。故填Friday。 2.(2023宿迁)Alice likes dancing and she dreams of being a ballet 　　　　　(舞蹈家) in the future.  答案　dancer　舞蹈家用“dancer”表示，由前面的冠词“a”可知，此处应用可数名词的单数形式。故填dancer。 3.(2023宿迁)Many people think that Hanfu is an art 　　　　　(形式) and one of the most important parts of Chinese national culture.  答案　form　形式用“form”表示，由前面的冠词“an”可知，此处应用可数名词的单数形式。故填form。 4.(2023苏州)Some of my 　　　(英雄) are real people， and some are from stories.  答案　heroes　考查名词的数。根据Some和are可知，此空为名词复数形式，注意hero变复数需加⁃es，故填heroes。 5.(2023扬州)In these 　　　　， each plant has its own story to tell. (花园)  答案　gardens　考查名词的数。“花园”的英文为garden， 为可数名词;由空前的these可知，此处要用garden的复数形式，故填gardens。 6.(2023连云港)In today’s DIY class， students made cards in different 　　　　　(形状).  答案　shapes　考查名词的复数形式。shape形状，为可数名词。由空前的different可知，此处应该用名词复数。故填shapes。 7.(2022连云港)—Whose 　　　　　(手套) are these? They aren’t mine.  —They’re Lucy’s. 答案　gloves　考查名词复数。由空后的are these可知此处应用名词复数形式。 8.(2023淮安洪泽一模)The 　　　　　(visit) come from the USA. They want to visit the Great Wall.  答案　visitors　考查名词构词法。分析句子可知，设空处作主语，所以要用visit的名词形式，根据空后的come和They可知，要用复数，故填visitors。 知识拓展　常见的后加⁃or(或去不发音的字母e加⁃or)变成名词的动词:visit—visitor; invent—inventor; act—actor; direct—director; operate—operator; translate—translator; survive—survivor。 9.(2022无锡锡山一模)Don’t let the 　　　　　(sad) of your past and the fear of your future influence your present.  答案　sadness　考查名词构词法。句意:不要让你过去的悲伤和对未来的恐惧影响你的现在。空格处在the与of之间，所以填名词。sad的名词形式为sadness。 10.(2022泰州海陵第一次阶段考试) —Which natural 　　　　　(beautiful) are you going to visit?  —Maybe Mount Huangshan， but I’m not sure. 答案　beauty　考查名词构词法。根据空格前的形容词natural可知，此处应填名词，beautiful的名词是beauty，为不可数名词。 11.(2023南京鼓楼阶段检测)China in the Classics(《典籍里的中国》)， an educational TV show， shares a lot about the great ancient books and the 　　　　　(write) experiences with the TV viewers.  答案　writers’　考查名词构词法、名词复数和名词所有格。根据空格前面的the great ancient books可知，此空填名词复数的适当形式，再根据空格后的experiences可知，此空填名词所有格。故填writers’。 12.(2023扬州邗江一模)　　　　　 Day is a good chance to show our love to our teachers.(teacher)  答案　Teachers’　考查名词复数和名词所有格。根据a good chance to show our love to our teachers可知，此处指的是Teachers’ Day“教师节”，专有名词首字母要大写，故填Teachers’。 不定冠词a,an的区别 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 a teacher,a good student an用在以元音音素开头的单词前 an apple tree,an interesting story 注意:①判断一个词前用a还是an,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。我们可以这样记忆:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。 ②在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。 ③要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/ʌ/音时前用an,如:an umbrella,an unusual story,an unhappy boy;当“u”发/juː/音时前用a,如:a university,a useful book。 定冠词the的基本用法 特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,普通专有名,习语及乐器。 1.(2023连云港)China is 　　　country with a history of more than 5，000 years.  A.the B.a C.an D./ 答案　B　考查不定冠词。country为可数名词，根据语境可知此处表泛指，用不定冠词。country 以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故选B。 2.(2023扬州)Yangzhou is 　　　city full of 　　　history， culture and mouthwatering food.  A.the;a B.a;a C.the; the D.a;/ 答案　D　考查冠词。第一个空处表泛指，用不定冠词，city以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a; 第二个空后面的名词history、culture和food在本句中都是不可数名词，不用冠词，故选D。 3.(2023宿迁)—Betty began to play 　　　violin at the age of four.  —No wonder she plays so well. A.a B.an C.the D./ 答案　C　考查定冠词。violin是乐器。表示弹奏乐器时，用定冠词the。故选C。 4.(2022连云港)Me and My Winter Games is 　　　interesting film. It’s a gift for Beijing 2022.  A.a B.an C.the D./ 答案　B　考查不定冠词。一部有趣的电影，此处表泛指，interesting以元音音素开头，冠词应该用an，故选B。 5.(2022扬州)China has helped end over 70% of poverty worldwide since 　　　late 1970s， according to 　　　World Bank.  A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the　　　　 D.the;a 答案　B　考查定冠词。在逢十的年代前用the;World Bank是由普通名词构成的专有名词，前面要加定冠词the。故选B。 6.(2022镇江)The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed me a lot， and 　　　moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.  A.a B.an C.the D.不填 答案　C　考查定冠词。Xu Mengtao won the gold medal是定语从句，修饰名词moment，特指“徐梦桃赢得金牌的那个时刻”，所以此空应填定冠词the。故选C。 7.(2022盐城)Travelling to Yancheng， 　　　beautiful seaside city， is a fantastic experience.  A.a B.an C.the D./ 答案　A　考查不定冠词。此处泛指一个美丽的海滨城市，beautiful以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故选A。 8.(2022淮安)Autumn is 　　　best season to visit the Great Wall in China.  A./ B.a C.an D.the 答案　D　考查定冠词。此处用在形容词最高级best前，所以用定冠词the。故选D。 9.(2021扬州)As 　　　teacher， it’s important to be 　　　good role model for their students.  A.the;a B.a;the C.a;a D.the;the 答案　C　考查不定冠词。句意:作为一名教师，成为学生的一个好的榜样是很重要的。根据可数名词单数teacher、model和语境可知这两处都表泛指，用不定冠词。故答案为C。 10.(2021宿迁)Kitty sometimes eats 　　　orange or some grapes after lunch.  A.an B.a C.the D./ 答案　A　考查不定冠词。根据空格前的eats可知，此处的orange是指“橘子”，是可数名词。空格处应填不定冠词表示泛指，orange以元音音素开头，所以填an。故选A。 知识拓展　orange有三种含义:1.可数名词，“柑橘，橙子”;2.不可数名词，“橘汁饮料，橙汁”;3.形容词，“橘黄色的，橙红色的”。 1.(2023南通如皋二模)It’s 　　　same in China—many people are not overweight at all， but are always going on 　　　diet or taking weight⁃loss pills.  A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;a 答案　A　考查定冠词和不定冠词。根据same可知，第一空要用定冠词the，the same“同样的”;再根据going on...diet可知应用a，go on a diet“节食”，为固定短语。故选A。 2.(2023扬州江都二模)There was 　　　long silence， then a sudden scream broke 　　　silence.  A.a;the B./;the C./;/ D.a;/ 答案　A　考查不定冠词和定冠词。根据“There was...long silence”可知，第一空泛指一阵长时间的沉默，long以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a;根据“a sudden scream broke...silence”可知，突然的尖叫声打破了沉默，此处再次提到沉默，为特指，应用定冠词the。故选A。 3.(2023扬州仪征二模)—Do you still remember when he performed 　　　musical Cats?  —I only remember it was on 　　　hot summer evening.  A.a;the　　　　 B.an;the C.the;a　　　　 D./;a 答案　C　考查定冠词和不定冠词。第一空特指音乐剧《猫》，用定冠词the;第二空泛指一个炎热的夏天晚上，且hot以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选C。 4.(2023泰州姜堰学业质量检测)I think it’s 　　　useful advice， and I remember not to speak loudly in 　　　public.  A.a;the B.an;/ C.the;the D./;/ 答案　D　考查零冠词。advice是不可数名词，所以第一空用零冠词;in public是固定搭配，第二空也用零冠词。故选D。 5.(2023无锡锡东片第一次适应性考试)　　　 Wuxi you see today is quite 　　　different city from the one that it used to be.  A.The;不填 B.不填;the C.The;a　　　　 D.A;a 答案　C　考查定冠词和不定冠词。第一空特指“你今天所看到的无锡”，填定冠词The;第二空指“一个和过去完全不同的城市”，填不定冠词a。故选C。 6.(2023常州天宁第一次调研测试)I can’t remember when he met 　　　strange woman. I only remember it was 　　　Friday evening.  A.a;the　　　　 B.an;the C.the;a　　　　 D./;a 答案　C　考查定冠词和不定冠词。第一空特指“那个陌生女人”，用定冠词the;第二空指“一个周五的晚上”，且Friday以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选C。 7.(2023扬州邗江一模)Learning 　　　country’s language is a better way to know 　　　culture behind it.  A.the;a　　　　 B.a;the C./;the　　　　 D.a;/ 答案　B　考查不定冠词和定冠词。第一空泛指“一个国家的语言”，country以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a;第二空特指“这个国家背后的文化”，用定冠词the，故选B。 8.(2023南通海安二模)For the first time in its 95⁃year history， 　　　Oscar for Best Actress was awarded to 　　　Asian woman， Yang Ziqiong.  A.an;an B.the;an C.an;the　　　　 D.the;the 答案　B　考查定冠词和不定冠词。第一空特指“奥斯卡最佳女主角”奖项，应用the;第二空指“一位亚洲女性”，Asian以元音音素开头，应用an。故选B。 9.(2022扬州高邮模拟)We stopped in 　　　quiet place for a picnic， near 　　　rice fields of the village.  A.a;a B.the;a C.a;the　　　　 D.the;the 答案　C　考查不定冠词和定冠词的用法。第一空指“一个安静的地方”，填不定冠词;第二空特指“那个村庄的稻田”，填定冠词。故选C。 10.(2022南通如皋一模)　　　 Nantong today is much more beautiful. Mr. Jackson said he would visit it 　　　second time.  A.The;the B./;the C./;a D.A;a 答案　C　考查零冠词和不定冠词。第一空后的Nantong是专有名词，不需加冠词;第二空后的second是序数词，但此处不表示顺序，所以不填定冠词the，a second time指“再一次，又一次”。故选C。 知识拓展　序数词前通常加定冠词，表示顺序，指“第几”。但序数词前面也可加不定冠词，表示“又一，再一”。当序数词用作副词，修饰谓语动词时，前面通常不加冠词，如:come first(位于第一);finish fourth(排在第四)。 一 The children wanted some cherries for the Russian. They remembered some wild cherry trees near the railway tunnel. When they arrived at the tunnel, they looked up at the ___1___ above it. “Look! The trees are ___2___.” Peter said. “It’s a landslide（滑坡）,” Roberta said. “There has been a lot of ___3___ . The earth is soft. It is moving and bringing the trees with it.” “They are going to ___4___ on the railway line,” Phyllis said. “There will be an accident. We must stop the next train.” “ ___5___?” Peter said. “The next train is arriving at 11:29. That’s in five minutes.” “We need ___6___ red to wave,” Peter said. “Red is for ___7___.” “My petticoat is red,” Phyllis said. “I’ll tear pieces off.” “Mother will be ___8___ if you do that,” Roberta said. “Petticoats are expensive.” “People may die if there is an accident,” Peter said. “Petticoats aren’t ___9___.” Phyllis tore strips from her petticoat. Peter cut off ___10___ tree branches with his knife. He tied the strips to the branches. “Now we each have a red flag,” he said. “When we wave these, the driver will ___11___ the train.” The children waited at the other side for the train to come. Then, the train ___12___. The children waved their flags. The driver saw the red flags and ___13___. He knew something was ___14___. He stopped the train. The children shouted to the driver there were trees on the line. The passengers（乘客）on the train wanted to know ___15___ the train was not moving. When the driver told them, they cheered for the children. “You have prevented a bad accident,” the driver said, “I’m sure the railway company will thank you.” —Taken from The Railway Children 1. A. trees B. cherries C. flags D. trains 2. A. planting B. growing C. moving D. falling 3. A. snow B. cloud C. wind D. rain 4. A. fall B. move C. stop D. hide 5. A. Why B. Where C. How D. When 6. A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something 7. A. danger B. traffic C. sign D. fire 8. A. happy B. angry C. excited D. surprised 9. A. cheap B. pretty C. fit D. important 10. A. two B. three C. four D. five 11. A. start B. drive C. make D. stop 12. A. left B. stopped C. arrived D. moved 13. A. the passengers B. the children C. the petticoats D. the trees 14. A. wrong B. amazing C. broken D. usual 15. A. what B. why C. if D. how 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】本文主要讲述了孩子们为了保护火车安全而阻止了一场可能发生的事故。 1.句意：当他们到达隧道时，他们仰望隧道上的树。 trees树；cherries樱桃；flags旗帜；trains火车。根据“They remembered some wild cherry trees near the railway tunnel.”可知，他们仰望隧道上的树。故选A。 2.句意：看，树在动。 planting种植；growing成长；moving移动；falling落下。根据“It is moving and bringing the trees with it.”可知，树在动。故选C。 3.句意：有很多雨水。 snow雪；cloud云；wind风；rain雨。根据“The earth is soft.”可推知，应该是有很多雨水。故选D。 4.句意：它们会掉到铁路线上。 fall落下；move移动；stop停止；hide隐藏。根据“They are going to…on the railway line,”可知，它们会掉到铁路线上。故选A。 5.句意：怎么办？ Why为什么；Where哪里；How怎样；When什么时候。根据“The next train is arriving at 11:29. That’s in five minutes.”可知，上句应该询问怎么办。故选C。 6.句意：我们需要红色的东西挥舞。 anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没有什么；something某事。根据“We need…red to wave,”可知，我们需要红色的某物挥舞。故选D。 7.句意：红色代表危险。 danger危险；traffic交通；sign标志；fire火。根据常识可知，红色代表危险。故选A。 8.句意：如果那样做妈妈会生气的。 happy开心的；angry生气的；excited激动的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Petticoats aren’t…”可知，妈妈可能会生气。故选B。 9.句意：衬裙不重要。 cheap便宜的；pretty漂亮的；fit合适的；important重要的。根据“People may die if there is an accident,”可知，衬裙不重要。故选D。 10.句意：Peter用刀子砍了三个树权。 two二；three三；four四；five五。根据“He tied the strips to the branches.”以及“Now we each have a red flag,”可知，文中的三个人Peter、Roberta以及Phyllis每人都有了一个红色的旗，因此是砍了三个树权。故选B。 11.句意：当我们挥动红旗，司机会停下火车。 start开始；drive驾驶；make让；stop停止。根据“When we wave these, the driver will…the train.”可知，司机会停下火车。故选D。 12.句意： 然后火车到了。 left离开；stopped阻止；arrived到达；moved移动。根据“The children waved their flags.”可知，火车到了。故选C。 13.句意：司机看到了红色的旗帜和孩子们。 the passengers乘客；the children孩子们；the petticoats衬裙；the trees树。根据“The children waved their flags”可知，司机看到了红色旗帜和孩子们。故选B。 14.句意：他知道出事了。 wrong错误的，有问题的；amazing惊人的；broken坏的；usual通常的。根据“He stopped the train. The children shouted to the driver there were trees on the line.”可知，他知道出事了。故选A。 15.句意：火车上的乘客想知道火车为什么停。 what什么；why为什么；if如果，是否；how怎样。结合语境可知，乘客想知道火车为什么火车停下了。故选B。 二 John lives in a town 20 kilometers away from London. He loves ___1___ (eat) sweet food so much that he ___2___ (work) in a bakery (面包店) in ___3___ (nine) Street. He helps make ___4___ (hundred) of cakes every day. Yesterday afternoon, there was little flour (面粉) for cakes. So the owner asked him ___5___ (go) and get another bag of flour. John ran to the back room and found the bags lying on the top shelf. The shelf was much taller than he was. He could not ___6___ (reach) them at all. Then a good idea came to his mind. He ___7___ (carry) a ladder, put it behind the door and climbed up. When he was carrying one bag down, ___8___ (sudden), someone opened the door. It was the owner. He ___9___ (not see) John behind the door. John fell down and all the flour was on his head. The owner was too angry to say a word. John said, “I ____10____ (be) more careful next time.” 【答案】1. eating##to eat 2. works 3. Ninth 4. hundreds 5. to go 6. reach 7. carried 8. suddenly 9. didn’t see 10. will be 【解析】本文讲述了约翰住在离伦敦20公里远的一个镇上，他喜欢吃甜食，并在一家面包店工作，有一天为了拿面粉而发生了意外情况。 1.句意：他非常喜欢吃甜食，所以在第九大街的一家面包店工作。love doing/to do sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，故填eating/to eat。 2.句意：他非常喜欢吃甜食，所以在第九大街的一家面包店工作。第一段是一般现在时叙述，该句主语为he，谓语动词用单三形式，故填works。 3.句意：他非常喜欢吃甜食，所以在第九大街的一家面包店工作。根据“in…Street”可知，此处指第九大街，应用基数词nine的序数词ninth，又因为这里表示街道名，所以首字母要大写，故填Ninth。 4.句意：他每天帮忙做几百个蛋糕。hundreds of意为“上百”，故填hundreds。 5.句意：所以店主让他去再拿一袋面粉。ask sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to go。 6.句意：他根本够不着它们。reach意为“够得着”，是动词，情态动词could后跟动词原形，故填reach。 7.句意：他搬了个梯子，把它放在门后，然后爬了上去。此处是叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式carried，故填carried。 8.句意：当他拿着一个袋子下来的时候，突然有人打开了门。此处是修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词形式，sudden意为“突然的”，是形容词，副词为suddenly，故填suddenly。 9.句意：他没看见约翰在门后。此处是叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且为带有实义动词的否定句，助动词用didn’t，后跟动词原形，故填didn’t see。 10.句意：下次我会更加小心的。根据引号中句子里“next time”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，故填will be。 三 阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面的各项任务。 Do you know Kumamon （熊本熊）? He is the most popular bear in Japan. With the big black body, red cheeks （脸颊） and wide-open eyes, Kumamon always looks surprised. It makes him very lovely. And people of different ages love him. 2. 熊本熊和真正的熊一样高。He is the mascot （吉祥物） of a place called Kumamoto in Japan. Before the lovely mascot appeared in 2010, few people knew about this place. But now it is very famous and lots of people come to visit it every year. Kumamon has his website, blog and Facebook page, so people can know what he is doing every day. People can also see him on over 10000 things, like shirts, bags and candy boxes. There are some reasons （原因） why Kumamon is so popular. First, he has a cute look. Second, people can find him on so many things that they can hardly forget him. Third, he is very funny. And there are a lot of photos and videos about him on the Internet. They make people laugh a lot. 4. People think he is not just a mascot, but more like a person. 1．What does Kumamon look like? 2．将划线的汉语句子翻译成英语。 3．How can people know what Kumamon is doing? 4．将划线的英语句子翻译成汉语。 5．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? 1．He has a big black body, red cheeks and wide-open eyes. 2．Kumamoto is as tall as a real bear. 3．By visiting his website, blog or Facebook page. 4．人们认为他不仅仅是一个吉祥物，更像一个人。 5．Why Kumamon is so popular. 【导语】本文主要讲述了日本最受欢迎的熊——熊本熊。 1．根据“With the big black body, red cheeks （脸颊） and wide-open eyes, Kumamon always looks surprised.”可知熊本熊有黑色的身体，红润的脸颊和睁大的眼睛。故填He has a big black body, red cheeks and wide- open eyes. 2．表示A和B一样用“A+谓语+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B”， tall“高”，时态是一般现在时，主语Kumamoto是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用is。a real bear“一只真正的熊”。故填Kumamoto is as tall as a real bear. 3．根据“Kumamon has his website , blog and Facebook page, so people can know what he is doing every day.”可知人们通过他的网站、博客和脸书页面知道他都在做什么。故填By visiting his website, blog or Facebook page. 4．People“人们”；think“认为”；he is not just a mascot“他不仅仅是一个吉祥物”；but more like a person“更像一个人”。故填：人们认为他不仅仅是一个吉祥物，更像一个人。 5．通读最后一段以及根据“There are some reasons （原因） why Kumamon is so popular.”（熊本熊如此受欢迎有一些原因。）可知这一段主要是讲述为什么熊本熊这么受欢迎。故填Why Kumamon is so popular. 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