第1部分 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 5 Into the unknown（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

[对应学生用书P246] (2024·广东河源高三联考)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Margaux写信向你询问如何平衡学习和摄影爱好之间的关系。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.告知收到来信，得知情况； 2.给出合理建议。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Margaux， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua [满分作文] Dear Margaux， I heard that you love photography but have been struggling to balance your study with pursuing your interest.I'm glad to offer my advice. First of all，you'd better prioritize your time.Make a list of all the things that you need to do，and assign each task in order of importance.Additionally，arrange the time for study and photography reasonably.Lastly，take a good rest.With these tips，you can find a balance which will allow you time for your classes，hobbies and rest. I wish my suggestions would be of some help to you. Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.核心单词 1.bury v.将……埋在下面 2.ruin n.残垣断壁，废墟 3.furthermore adv.此外；而且；不仅如此 4.substance n.物质 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.civil adj.公民的；民事的→civilise v.使文明；教化；开化→civilisation n.文明(社会) 2.abandon v.离弃，逃离→abandoned adj.放纵的；被离弃的；被遗弃的 3.dismiss v.拒绝考虑，否定；解雇→dismissal n.不予考虑，摒弃；解雇 4.expand v.扩大；增加；扩展；详述→expansion n.扩大；增加 →expandable adj.可扩张的；可扩充的 5.investigate v.调查；研究→investigation n.调查 6.drill v.钻(孔)；训练→drilling n.钻探；勘探 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。 □pyramid n.金字塔　　　　 □astronomy n.天文学 □canal n.运河 □cyclone n.气旋；旋风 □megadrought n.超级干旱 □downfall n.衰败 □delve v.探索，探究 □shrink v.退缩，畏缩 □coral n.珊瑚 □millimetre n.毫米 □barreleye n.管眼鱼 □trench n.海沟 □intrigue v.(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心 □tropical adj.来自热带的；产于热带的 □getaway n.逃跑，逃走 □subdue v.克制，抑制(情绪) □retreat v.后退；离开；退避 □uncharted adj.地图上没有标明的 □shipwreck n.失事的船；沉船 □archaeological adj.考古学的；考古的 □upwards adv.向上，朝上 □equivalent adj.等同的；等值的；相当的 □stack v.(使)整齐地堆起；摞起 □notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的 1.与……一致 correspond to ... 2.把……运用到……上 apply ...to ... 3.在……之上；除……之外 on top of ... 4.更加 all the more 5.处于巅峰时期 at one's peak 6.(因无人照料而)衰落；败落 fall into ruin 7.逃跑，逃走 make a getaway 8.逃命 run for one's life 9.调查，检查 check out 10.试水，试探 test the waters 11.避开……；从……处脱身 steer clear of 12.动身踏上(漫长的)旅途 set out 13.积极投入到……中去 throw oneself into 14.再三考虑，慎重考虑 think twice 15.避免做，不愿做 shrink from 16.调查(问题) look into 17.起航 set sail 18.继续做 continue to do 19.为……提供了一扇窗 offer a window into ... 20.等(同)于；相当于 be equivalent to 21.保持纪录 hold the record 22.无法达到 beyond the reach of 1.句型：that引导的同位语从句 教材原句：The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 事实上，玛雅社会在技术上是原始的，这使得它的成就更加难以置信和神秘莫测。 2.句型：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句：Meanwhile，the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past，present and future. 与此同时，这种文明的兴衰也必然让我们思考自己的过去、现在和未来。 3.句型：It is＋过去分词＋that ... 教材原句：It's argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy，with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. 人们认为，北纬30°线地区蕴藏着巨大的自然能量，那里经常发生地震和火山爆发。 Ⅰ.词形转换 1.The old lady was so kind that she adopted many abandoned(abandon) cats and dogs. 2.He expanded on the point that no matter how much stronger it may become，never will China seek expansion.(expand) 3.Having abused his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends，the man is now under investigation.The man being investigated is William.(investigate) 4.They had been drilling oil.After months of drilling，oil was found off the coast.(drill) Ⅱ.短语填空 In one part of the vast African prairie，a herd of buffaloes 1.set out(动身) to migrate.On their way，they 2.steered clear of(避开) the lions and were ready to 3.make a getaway(逃跑) when lions were approaching.Suddenly，several lions came running towards them.Most of the buffaloes 4.ran for their lives(逃命)，but some male buffaloes didn't 5.shrink from(避免) the danger.They stayed behind and 6.threw themselves into(积极投入到……中去) the fight against the lions.In the end，the lions ran away and the male buffaloes protected the whole herd. Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.毫无疑问，他的优势在于他能用英语与外国人交流的能力。(同位语从句) There is no doubt that his advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English. 2.他开车走了，留下她自己继续在图书馆学习。(leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语) He drove off，leaving her studying in the library alone. 3.希望他们能够通过这次的笔试。(It is＋过去分词＋that ...) It is hoped that they can pass the written examination this time. [对应学生用书P246] 1 bury v.(buried，buried，burying)将……埋在下面；掩藏，遮盖 单句语法填空 ①The volcano erupted and the lava poured down the mountain，burying(bury) several villages. ②He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat. 完成句子/句式升级 ③Because he buried himself in/was buried in(埋头于) his book，he didn't notice that all the others had left. →Burying himself in his book，he didn't notice that all the others had left.(现在分词短语作状语) →Buried in his book，he didn't notice that all the others had left.(过去分词短语作状语) bury sth.in ...把某物埋在…… be buried in＝bury oneself in埋头于；专心于 bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 表示“专心于”的短语还有： ①be absorbed in　　　　 ②be addicted to ③be lost in ④focus on ⑤concentrate on ⑥be occupied with ⑦fix one's attention on 2 ruin n.残垣断壁，废墟；毁坏；毁灭；破产 v.毁坏；使破产 单句语法填空 ①The earthquake in Tangshan caused great damage，leaving the city in ruins(ruin). ②She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her company fell into ruin and she finally decided to find a new job. 完成句子/句式升级 ③It rained for two weeks on end and completely ruined our holiday(完全破坏了我们的假期). →It rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining our holiday.(分词作状语) ①in ruins 成为废墟，破败不堪 fall into ruin (因无人照料而)衰落，败落；沦为废墟 be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 ②ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途 ruin our friendship 破坏我们的友谊 financial ruin 破产，经济崩溃 the ruins of Rome 古罗马遗迹 3 abandon v.离弃，逃离；抛弃，遗弃；放弃；中止 n.放任；放纵 单句语法填空 ①The new movie is set in an abandoned(abandon) factory. ②The government abandoned carrying(carry) out the plan because of the lack of money. ③In my free time，I will continue taking regular exercise，such as swimming，running and various ball games instead of abandoning myself to playing(play) computer games. 完成句子 ④斯蒂芬沉湎于丢失了他的猫的悲伤中，禁不住哭了起来。 Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat，Steven just couldn't help crying. ①abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon oneself to doing sth.沉湎于做某事 ②with abandon纵情；放任地 ③abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的 My teacher always reminds me that under no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them. 我的老师总是提醒我，在任何情况下，我都不应该放弃我已设定的学习目标。 4 check out 调查，检查；结账离开；(从图书馆等)借出 单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I checked out a half­dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. ②Will you check on the time the train leaves? I am busy packing my bags. ③They arrived in Beijing at midnight and checked into Beijing Hotel. 完成句子 ④她希望我有自己的借书证，以便自己借书。 She wished me to have my own library card to check out books for myself. check in (在机场、旅馆等)登记，报到 check into 登记入住(旅馆或私立医院) check on 检查；核实 Guests must check out before 12：00，or they will be charged for the day. 旅客必须在12点前结账离开，否则将收取全日费用。 5 set out 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；出发；安排；开始做…… 单句语法填空 ①In my opinion，when you reach London，the first place you should set out for is the Big Ben，which can be heard all over the world on BBC. ②(2023·全国乙卷)Once we found the place，it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. ③Ralph W.Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him. 词汇升级 ④Armed with the information you have gathered，you can begin to prepare your business plan. →Armed with the information you have gathered，you can set about preparing/set out to prepareyour business plan. set out for ...动身去…… set out to do sth.＝set about doing sth.开始做某事 set aside存储；留出 set up建立；创立 set down放下；记下；写下 set off动身，出发；启程；使(炸弹)爆炸；引起 He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago. 他已经实现了他三年前的奋斗目标。 6 完全倒装 Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks. 据估计，全球海域有三百万艘沉船。 单句语法填空 ①Present at the conference were(be) experts from all over the world. ②In front of our house stands(stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1，000 years，which is protected by the government now. 完成句子 ③这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎您来参观。 Such is our lively city，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience. 完全倒装的条件： ①表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here、there、in、out、up、down、away、now、then等或表示方位的介词短语置于句首时； ②谓语动词一般为be、lie、come、go、stand等动词； ③句子的主语是名词。如果句子的主语为代词，句子不倒装，如“Here you are.”。 7 if型省略结构 Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail，there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored. 如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有差不多500年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地——如果有的话——已经少之又少了。 单句语法填空 ①You must attend the lecture on time if informed(inform) of it. ②You will find yourself upset by traffic jams if living(live) in the centre of the city，especially during the rush hour. 完成句子 ③Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library？If so(如果是这样的话)，you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. ④If the steps you take are working，keep it up.If not(不然)，take another look at other methods you could try. ⑤If necessary(如果有必要)，you can turn to me for help at any time. ①在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可省略从句中的there be 或省略从句中与主句相同的部分，在这类省略结构中有的已构成固定结构，常见的有： if so 如果是这样的话；if not 不然；if necessary 如果有必要；if possible 如果有可能；if any如果有的话；if ever 如果曾经有的话。 ②在if引导的时间、条件或让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，同时从句的谓语含有be，则可省略该从句的主语和be。 [对应学生用书P249] 维度1　单句语法填空 1.We set out to find(find) the truth behind the mystery. 2.After learning(learn) about the way of grouping for the oral English class，I would like to offer some of my suggestions. 3.The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, burying(bury) her head in the book in her hands. 4.Many young people decided to abandon buying(buy) houses in big cities because of the high price. 5.The apples on the tree are beyond the reach of the boy，so he had to ask his brother for help. 6.With the college entrance examination approaching，it's time that we should throw ourselves into hard work. 7.First，we should do some investigation(investigate)，turn to our teachers for help and consult some experts. 8.The couple checked out at 10：00 a.m. and hurried to the airport，leaving a suitcase in the hotel room. 9.No matter how big the difficulties ahead are，we'll never shrink from them. 10.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins(ruin)，the city takes on a new look now. 维度2　一词多义 写出下列句中getaway的词性和词义 1.The gunmen made a getaway on foot.n.逃跑，逃走 2.Big Bear Lake is a popular weekend getaway.n.假日休闲地 3.A travel company in Hong Kong says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.n.短假 维度3　熟词生义 1.(2022·浙江1月卷)When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy­four last year，she started having problems with her eyes，notably dryness and discomfort.尤其；特别 2.Despite the celebrations，though，in the U.S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.收缩，减少 维度4　完成句子/同义句改写/句式升级/一句多译 1.他们应该放弃玩电脑游戏。如果这样，他们的学习就会有很大的进步。(if型省略结构) They should abandon playing computer games.If so，they will make great progress in their study. 2.The new government must set out to find solutions to the country's economic problems. →The new government must set about finding solutions to the country's economic problems. 3.He failed the exam，which ruined the chance of being admitted to the famous university abroad. →He failed the exam，ruining the chance of being admitted to the famous university abroad. 4.As he was buried in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world. →Buried in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.(过去分词短语作状语) →Burying himself in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.(现在分词短语作状语) 5.我们不应该沉迷于电脑游戏，因为那可能会毁掉我们的生活。 →We shouldn't abandon ourselves to computer games，because it may ruin our life.(abandon) →We shouldn't be abandoned to computer games，because it may ruin our life.(abandoned) 维度1　单元话题微写作 Step 1　要点提示(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇翻译) 1.古埃及属于世界四大文明古国，其金字塔是世界八大奇迹之一。 Ancient Egypt belongs to the four ancient civilizations in the world，and its pyramids are one of the eight wonders in the world. 2.古代世界奇迹大多已经破败不堪，但金字塔依然屹立在大地之上。 Most of the wonders of the ancient world have fallen into ruin, but the pyramids still stand on the earth. 3.关于金字塔是如何建成的众说纷纭，有人认为是借助运河的水把石料运来的。 There are different opinions on how the pyramids were built.Some people think that the stones were transported by the water from the canal. 4.科学家和研究人员积极投入到对它们的调查研究中，试图解开金字塔是如何建成的这一世界之谜。(同位语从句) Scientists and researchers have been throwing themselves into the investigation and study of them，trying to solve the mystery how the pyramids were built. 5.出于对金字塔的好奇，每年都有数以千万计的人动身前往参观。 Out of curiosity about the pyramids，tens of millions of people set out to visit them every year. 6.这促进了当地经济的发展，进一步扩大了它们的影响。 This has promoted the development of local economy and further expanded their influence. Step 2　升级句式 7.将句1改为含有定语从句的复合句 Ancient Egypt belongs to the four ancient civilizations in the world，whose pyramids are one of the eight wonders in the world. 8.将句5和句6用定语从句连接起来 Out of curiosity about the pyramids，tens of millions of people set out to visit them every year，which has promoted the development of local economy and further expanded their influence. Step 3　衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：furthermore) [参考范文] Ancient Egypt belongs to the four ancient civilizations in the world，whose pyramids are one of the eight wonders in the world.Most of the wonders of the ancient world have fallen into ruin，but the pyramids still stand on the earth.There are different opinions on how the pyramids were built.Some people think that the stones were transported by the water from the canal.Scientists and researchers have been throwing themselves into the investigation and study of them，trying to solve the mystery how the pyramids were built.Furthermore, out of curiosity about the pyramids，tens of millions of people set out to visit them every year，which has promoted the development of local economy and further expanded their influence. 维度2　读后续写微技能 动物描写之“狗” [词汇积累] 名词 pup，puppy，dog 动词 bark，howl，dash，growl，jump，leap，bound，lick，brush，sniff，stroke 副词 curiously，excitedly，cheerfully [词块必记] 1.bark at ...对……犬吠 2.bark a sharp warning 发出尖锐的警告 3.brush the fur梳理毛发 4.let out a cheerful bark发出欢快的吠声 5.pop up突然出现 6.wag the tail摇尾巴 [佳句背诵] 1.With an angry dog chewing on his arm，the robber began shouting in pain. 一只发怒的狗咬着那个抢劫犯的胳膊，他痛得大叫起来。 2.She put her nose on it.Her tail began wagging ever so slowly，then faster as she caught the smell. 她把鼻子放在它上面。她的尾巴开始慢慢地摇着，当她闻到气味时，摇得更快了。 3.The fluffy little creature examined her new surroundings curiously，and then quickly fixed her gaze at Poppy. 这只毛茸茸的小家伙好奇地打量着她的新环境，然后迅速把目光锁定在波比身上。 4.It took the boy a long time to notice that there was a cute puppy beside Poppy，growling and sniffing at his feet. 男孩花了很长时间才注意到波比旁边有一只可爱的小狗，在他脚边叫着，嗅着。 5.And quietly，Poppy raised her head and watched the young teenager like a baby in his arms. 波比静静地抬起头，像看着怀里的婴儿一样看着这个少年。 6.He sniffed it eagerly，bushy tail wagging.He licked me. 他急切地嗅着，毛茸茸的尾巴摇着。他舔了我。 7.There was a cute puppy beside Poppy，biting，growling and wagging its tail. 波比身边有一只可爱的小狗，咬着，咆哮着，摇着尾巴。 8.Poppy threw herself at him and licked his hand and face excitedly，her eyes sparkling with delight and her tail wagging furiously. 波比扑向他，兴奋地舔着他的手和脸，她的眼睛闪烁着喜悦的光芒，她的尾巴有力地摆动着。 9.No amount of surprise and happiness could compare to his look upon seeing the cute pup. 当他看到这只可爱的小狗时，再多惊讶和幸福的表情也无法比拟。 [完成句子] 1.波比似乎对她的晚餐，她最喜欢的玩具，甚至对她每天的散步都不感兴趣。 Poppy didn't seem interested in her dinner，her favorite toy，or even in her daily walk. 2.波比像往常一样欢迎他们回家，但当她看到盒子时，她停了下来。 Poppy welcomed them home as usual.But when she saw the box，she stopped. 3.小狗半醒着，轻声咆哮着。 The little dog was half awake，growling with soft voice.(现在分词作状语) 4.它躲在盒子的一角，眼睛里充满了好奇。 It was hiding in one corner of the box，with a curious look in its eyes.(with复合结构)　 5.小狗摇着尾巴，试图从盒子里爬出来，但却仰面倒在地上，站不起来。 Wagging its tail，the little dog tried to climb out of the box，but it fell down on its back，unable to stand up.(非谓语动词；形容词短语) 6.波比兴高采烈，但也有点紧张，不停地跑着，对着新来的家庭成员吠叫。 Cheerful but a little nervous，Poppy kept running and barking at the new family member.(形容词短语作状语) 7.令他父母非常欣慰的是，不久之后他们就形影不离了，波比似乎已经忘记了她的老朋友。 Much to his parents' relief/Much to the relief of his parents，they were like peas and carrots soon afterwards，and it seemed as if Poppy had forgotten her old friend.(介词短语) 8.波比一开始似乎很困惑，但不久，两只狗就在客厅里互相追逐，好像波比在带她的小伙伴参观她的新家。 Poppy seemed puzzled at first，but in no time，the two dogs were chasing each other around the living room，as if Poppy was showing her little friend around her new home.(as if引导状语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$