课时作业(20) 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Living with technology（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(二十)　选择性必修第二册　Unit 4　Living with technology 一、阅读理解 The open letter on the official website of the Future of Life Institute，co­signed by experts such as SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and computer scientist Stuart Russell and calling for suspending training artificial intelligence systems more powerful than GPT4，is still causing debate. Besides calling for a suspension of six months，the open letter also stresses the importance of reaching a security agreement so as to ensure that the powerful AI systems are more accurate，secure and loyal to humankind. Actually，as early as 2017，more than 2，000 professionals and scholars co­signed the Asilomar AI Principles，23 guidelines for the research and development of artificial intelligence that aimed to establish a set of values for AI to be aligned with so that it would benefit humanity.Since then，more than 100 AI principles and documents have been introduced. Technology is becoming more deeply rooted in people's lives，which means that human values and ethics must be considered essential parts of research and development to ensure that as technology progresses it is for the benefit of humankind. With cutting­edge technology increasingly posing potential risks to human survival，while seeking to equip human society with science and technology，we should be careful to the irreversible risks that would result from too much scientific and technological authorization.It is time that a suspension button is pressed for giant AI systems.That's the only way for humanity to prevent high­tech systems from becoming uncontrollable. At the end of the open letter it reads：“Let's enjoy a long AI summer，not rush unprepared into a fall.” That poetic sentence not only applies to the very situation right now，but also to the coming future. 1．Why should a security agreement be reached? A．To ensure the development of AI. B．To benefit humankind. C．To introduce AI to the public. D．To draw attention of the public. 2．Which of the following statements is correct? A．The more accurate and advanced AI is，the better. B．The dangers of AI outweigh the benefits. C．AI must develop quickly in a short time. D.All professionals and scholars haven't realized the danger of AI. 3．What does the underlined word “irreversible” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Resistible. B．Irreparable. C．Changeable. D．Irregular. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Speed up the Development of AI for a Bright Future B．Concern Rises that AI can Generate Disasters C．Press Pause to Ensure AI Benefits Humanity D.Set Rules for AI Development to Ensure Data Security [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一些专家学者共同签署了一封公开信，呼吁暂停训练人工智能系统，以更好地造福人类。 1．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段可知，达成安全协议是为了人工智能系统能够更加准确、安全和忠于人类，即为人类造福。故选B。 2．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段可知，不是所有的专业人士和学者都意识到了人工智能的危险。故选D。 3．B　[解析]词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“With cutting­edge technology increasingly posing potential risks to human survival ...scientific and technological authorization.”可知，尖端技术的潜在风险越来越大，过多的科学技术授权可能会带来不可逆转的风险。由此可推测，画线单词表示“不可逆转的”，与irreparable同义。故选B。 4．C　[解析]标题概括题。根据第一段以及倒数第二段中的“It is time that a suspension button is pressed for giant AI systems.That's the only way for humanity to prevent high­tech systems from becoming uncontrollable.”可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能应该被按下暂停键，以更好地造福人类。C项“按下暂停键确保人工智能造福人类”适合作文章标题。故选C。 二、七选五阅读 (2024·重庆市第八中学高三月考)Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people.A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people's attention.1.______ Created by the AI program Mid­journey，the photos were highly realistic，from the characters' movements to the surroundings.2.______ The Washington Post's technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips.The main idea is to spot the glitches—anything that would look strange in a photo. 3．______ It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers.This is because AI isn't sure what a “hand” exactly is，according to Popular Science.The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures，which can be very confusing for AI. AI­generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality.To spot this，focus on items like accessories.4.______ If there's text in an image，such as a newspaper or poster，it's usually garbled(篡改)，even though the text may look realistic from a distance. The development of AI­generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.“I think misinformation is going to hit an all­time high，” Jamie Cohen，a digital culture and AI expert in the US，told New York Post.Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”，Cohen argued，adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills.5.______ A．They were fake but very convincing. B．One thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. C．AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly. D．The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become. E．However，many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI. F．If there's a crowd in the image，people's faces in the background are usually vague. G．For example，people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何一眼识破人工智能画作的“破绽”的技巧。 1．A　[解析]根据空前的“A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people's attention.”可知，上文提到了“一系列照片”的话题，可推测本句会继续围绕这一话题展开。A选项中的They指代空前的A series of photos，讲述的是这些照片虽然是假的，但是很逼真，符合语境。故选A。 2．E　[解析]根据空前的“Created by the AI program Mid­journey，the photos were highly realistic，from the characters' movements to the surroundings.”可知，这些照片都非常逼真。结合空后的“The Washington Post's technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips.”可知，科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。由此可推断，空处应起到承上启下的作用，E选项讲述的是有很多细节透露出它是由人工智能制作的，其中的However为关键信息，过渡到空后科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享识破人工智能画作“破绽”的具体方法。故选 E。 3．C　[解析]分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，所以此处应为本段的主题句。根据空后的“It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers.This is because AI isn't sure what a ‘hand’ exactly is，according to Popular Science.The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures，which can be very confusing for AI.”可知，所举例子都围绕hand这个中心词展开，C选项与本段内容吻合，且与hand这一主题词相呼应。故选C。 4．G　[解析]分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，根据主题句“AI­generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality.”可知，后文所举例子需要与“违背客观现实”这一点相对应。G选项“For example，people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.”中列举的事例违背了客观现实，与本段的主题一致。故选G。 5．D　[解析]根据本段主题句“The development of AI­generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.”可知，AI画作可能会被用来传播虚假信息，这给人类敲响了警钟，应当引起人们的重视。结合空前的“Generating an AI art work is to ‘create reality’，Cohen argued，adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills.”可知，要想判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养技能。D选项“The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become.”承接空前内容，且与本段的主题吻合。故选 D。 三、完形填空 “Oh，no！You're moving？” Such was my neighbor's concern when she saw household items appearing on my lawn and __1__ my driveway. “Nope.Just cleaning house！” I called back，smiling. This yard sale had been the result of six months of __2__．I had searched every __3__ and overflowing closet and cupboard—crazy about my seeking to find items to sell. I met loads of __4__ and friendly people.The Mirror Lady was thrilled to buy the antique mirror from my first apartment for her daughter's first apartment；and the Futon Girl，a college sophomore，said my futon(沙发床) and frame were __5__ for her dorm room. And how can I __6__ the Camera Man？Bending absorbedly over the “technology” table，he spotted my husband's faded camera bag from the early 80s.Zippered compartments(隔包) __7__ a broken camera and a few old lenses.“Wow！” he said，as he picked it up and made me a(n) __8__．I asked what he was going to do with it.“It's just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool fashionable technology.” So __9__ he bought it so he could look at it.As he walked down the driveway with the dusty bag __10__ over his shoulder，for a second I __11__ my journalist husband doing the same，heading out to __12__ a story.That made me feel __13__． All yard sales lasted two days.As hard as it can be to let things __14__，the true value of those things is to __15__ you of a place you lived in，a special time in your life，or a loved one in your heart. 1．A.picking up B．getting over C．putting up D．taking over 2．A.adaptation B．protection C．preparation D．production 3．A.messy B．bare C．elegant D．tidy 4．A.generous B．conservative C．interesting D．cautious 5．A.famous B．perfect C．comfortable D．cheap 6．A.blame B．describe C．worry D．forget 7．A.allocated B．approached C．exposed D．withdrew 8．A.appointment B．appeal C．excuse D．offer 9．A.apparently B．reluctantly C．cautiously D．gratefully 10．A.disappearing B．hanging C．printing D．winding 11．A.imagined B．appreciated C．pictured D．forgave 12．A.review B．report C．relate D．repeat 13．A.sad B．regretful C．good D．thankful 14．A.gather B．survive C．control D．go 15．A.cheat B．inform C．remind D．warn [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者处理自家物品时遇到的买东西的人及所买物品，这些物品很受欢迎，对作者也有深刻意义。 1．D　[解析]句意：“哦，不！你要搬家了？”当我的邻居看到我家的草坪上出现了家用物品，占据了我的车道时，她就是这么担心的。pick up捡起；get over越过；put up搭建，张贴；take over占用，接管。根据Such was my neighbor's concern when she saw household items appearing on my lawn可知，作者把东西都搬出来了，占用了草坪和道路。故选D。 2．C　[解析]句意：这次庭院拍卖是六个月准备的结果。adaptation改编；protection保护；preparation准备；production生产。根据“‘Nope.Just cleaning house！’ I called back，smiling.”可知，作者要清理房屋，有东西要卖，需要提前收拾准备。故选C。 3．A　[解析]句意：我搜遍了每一个凌乱不堪、塞满东西的壁橱和橱柜——为寻找可以出售的物品而疯狂。messy乱糟糟的；bare赤裸的；elegant优雅的；tidy整齐的。根据crazy about my seeking to find items to sell可知，作者清理多余的东西，在乱糟糟的柜子里寻找。故选A。 4．C　[解析]句意：我遇到了很多有趣又友好的人。generous慷慨的；conservative保守的；interesting有趣的；cautious谨慎的。根据后文可知，作者卖的物品很有意思，买东西的人也很有趣。故选C。 5．B　[解析]句意：买镜子的女士很高兴能从我的第一套公寓里买下这面古董镜子，给她女儿的第一套公寓用；买沙发床的女孩，是一个大二学生，说我的沙发床和架子很适合她的宿舍。famous著名的；perfect完美的；comfortable舒服的；cheap便宜的。根据for her dorm room可知，此处指沙发床和架子放在她的宿舍很完美。故选B。 6．D　[解析]句意：我怎么能忘记买相机的男士呢？blame责备；describe描述；worry 担忧；forget忘记。根据后文可知，买相机的男士给作者留下了深刻印象，使作者想起了丈夫，所以作者难以忘记。故选D。 7．C　[解析]句意：一个拉链的隔包里露出一个坏了的相机和几枚旧镜头。allocate分配；approach靠近；expose暴露；withdraw撤退。根据Zippered compartments可知，本句描述相机包的情况，指隔包里露出一个坏了的相机和几枚镜头。故选C。 8．D　[解析]句意：他惊叹了一声，拿起相机，给我报了一个价格。appointment预约；appeal吸引力；excuse借口；offer出价，报价。根据“It's just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool fashionable technology.”可知，这位男士想买作者的相机，所以给出了价格。故选D。 9．A　[解析]句意：所以显然他买下来是为了看一眼。apparently明显地；reluctantly不情愿地，勉强地；cautiously谨慎地；gratefully感激地。根据“It's just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool fashionable technology.”可知，这位男士买旧相机显然只是为了看到它。故选A。 10．B　[解析]句意：当他肩上挂着那个满是灰尘的包走在车道上时，有那么一瞬间，我脑海里勾画出我的记者丈夫也在做同样的事情，出去报道新闻。disappear消失；hang悬挂；print打印；wind蜿蜒。根据over his shoulder可知，本句描述那位男士离开时的模样，肩上挂着相机包。故选B。 11．C　[解析]句意见上题解析。imagine想象；appreciate欣赏；picture勾画，想象；forgive原谅。根据my journalist husband doing the same可知，买旧相机的那位男士使作者想起了丈夫以前的形象。故选C。 12．B　[解析]句意见第10题解析。review复习；report报道；relate涉及；repeat重复。根据my journalist husband doing the same可知，作者的丈夫是一名记者，工作是报道新闻。故选B。 13．C　[解析]句意：那让我感觉很好。sad难过的；regretful后悔的；good好的；thankful感谢的。根据前文可知，别人能喜欢作者的东西，作者感觉很好。故选C。 14．D　[解析]句意：把那些东西处理掉尽管很艰难，这些东西的真正价值在于提醒你生活过的地方，让你想起生活中一段特别的时间，让你想起心中爱的人。gather聚集；survive幸存；control控制；go去。短语let sth.go意为“放手”，此处指处理掉东西。根据“the true value of those things is to __15__ you of a place you lived in，a special time in your life，or a loved one in your heart”可知，处理旧的物品很难。故选D。 15．C　[解析]句意见上题解析。cheat欺骗；inform通知；remind提醒；warn警告。根据“you of a place you lived in，a special time in your life，or a loved one in your heart”可知，作者阐述处理物品给自己带来的意义，提醒了自己一些重要的人和事。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$