限时规范练(32) SCIENCE FICTION（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（人教版）

限时规范练(三十二)　UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A We all like fantasy stories，and grow up reading and listening to fantasies. These tales fuel our imaginations，and satisfy our longings for adventures. The most interesting thing about fantasies is that their plots involve magical beasts and heroes，animal creatures talking like humans，and other things we can't see in real life. Also，fantasies have a distinguished writing style，with freedom of expression. Toy Fantasy In toy fantasy stories，narrators (叙述者) bring their beloved toys to life that can live，talk，think，breathe and behave like human beings. You would see modern toy fantasies in a picture book format. Representative works are A．A．Milne's Winnie the Pooh and Carlo Collodi's The Adventures of Pinocchio. Animal Fantasy The animal fantasy tells tales about animals behaving like human beings，experiencing emotions，and having the ability to talk. However，animals in fantasies hold their various animal characteristics，too. Examples include The Wind in the Willows by Kenneth Grahame，Charlotte's Web by E．B．White，and The Tale of Peter Rabbit by Beatrix Potter which influences children around the world. Magical Fantasy In a magical fantasy，you see a character having magical powers，or a strange magical object becomes the subject of the story. Stories of this type began widely spreading long ago，including Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and William Steig's Sylvester and the Magic Pebble. Modern Folktales Modern folktales are types of fantasy that narrators tell in a traditional tale accompanying some typical parts，such as strong conflict，little description of characters，and sometimes magical elements. These tales come before all others and are popular，as authors throughout history have written them. Hans Christian Andersen has written several tales of this category including The Nightingale，The Emperor's New Clothes and Thumbelina. 1．What is the common feature of the fantasies? A．Their characters are highly popular. B．Their events occur in the unreal world. C．Their writing styles show desires for freedom. D．Their plots encourage people to have adventures. 2．Who made a great contribution to the animal fantasy? A．Carlo Collodi. B．Beatrix Potter. C．William Steig. D．Hans Christian Andersen. 3．Which type of fantasy has the longest history? A．The toy fantasy. B．The animal fantasy. C．The magical fantasy. D．The modern folktales. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。作者介绍了四种类型的奇幻故事。 1．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The most interesting thing about fantasies is that ...other things we can't see in real life.”可知，幻想是我们现实生活中看不到的东西，不存在于真实的生活中。故选B。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据Animal Fantasy部分中的The Tale of Peter Rabbit by Beatrix Potter which influences children around the world可知，Beatrix Potter对动物奇幻作出了很大的贡献。故选B。 3．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“These tales come before all others and are popular，as authors throughout history have written them.”可知，句中的These tales指的就是前文提及的modern folktales，且现代民间故事比其他故事出现得早，由此可知，现代民间故事的历史最长。故选D。 B It's the year 2140 and two kids ride their surfboards in the heart of Manhattan，near the point where Sixth Avenue meets Broadway. If you are familiar with this junction，you will know it is far from the US's current coastline. But in Kim Stanley Robinson's novel New York 2140，Manhattan is flooded after continuous climate change causes the sea level to rise by 15.25 m. Robinson's 2017 climate fiction novel belongs to a new kind of novel，which tells “the story of the next century”．It might be helping readers across the world comprehend the situation in which we currently find ourselves. Climate change is an indescribable crisis to make sense of. Drop some poisonous chemicals in a river now and you will see dead fish within days，but what do you witness when you release (释放) carbon dioxide (CO2)? “This is where fiction comes in: it brings the abstract data closer to home by focusing on the faces and stories in these futures. Show readers a detailed account of a climate­changed future，” says Robinson，“and they have an easier time imagining it.”“Science fiction gets people thinking in a way that another report on climate change doesn't，” says Shelley Streeby，a professor of Literature and Ethnic Studies at UC San Diego.“It helps people feel not only about what might be coming，but also about the present. It is about taking certain conditions that exist nowadays，extending them into the future and throwing a bunch of characters into their midst.” In the search to adopt climate change as a topic，writers are doing what they do best: trying to tell a good story. Sometimes they write with a touch of optimism as they negotiate the current crisis. But even with this optimism，these writers want to make sure the world knows they，at least，are paying attention. 4．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To give background on a story. B．To promote the novel New York 2140. C．To lead to the topic of climate fiction. D．To show the influence of climate change. 5．How does the author show the climate change crisis is “indescribable”？ A．By inferring. B．By comparing. C．By analyzing. D．By imagining. 6．What's Streeby's attitude towards science fiction? A．Approving. B．Cautious. C．Negative. D．Doubtful. 7．Which is the best title for the text? A．Climate Crisis: No Longer a Forecast B．The Future World: More Promising C．New York 2140: A New Type of Novel D．Climate Fiction: A Reminder of Climate Change 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过罗宾逊的小说《纽约2140》中的故事情节，介绍了气候小说这一新的小说类型。这一类小说从更加生动的角度向人们展示了未来气候变化带来的问题，帮助人们理解气候变化。 4．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段可知，本段主要描绘了罗宾逊的小说《纽约2140》中的故事情节，再结合第二段首句“Robinson's 2017 climate fiction novel belongs to a new kind of novel，which tells ‘the story of the next century’．”及下文对气候小说的描述可推知，作者主要借助《纽约2140》的故事情节引出气候小说这一话题。故选C。 5．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段可知，为了说明气候变化带来的危机是难以描述的，作者对比了释放有毒化学物质和释放二氧化碳的情况，前者的后果可见，而后者的后果不可见。故选B。 6．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第四段中Shelley Streeby的话Science fiction gets people thinking in a way that another report on climate change doesn't和“It helps people feel not only about what might be coming，but also about the present.”可知，Streeby认为科幻小说让人们以另一种方式思考气候变化，让人们感知未来和当下。由此推知，Streeby对科幻小说是持赞成态度的。故选A。 7．D　[解析]标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了气候小说从更加生动的角度向人们展示未来气候变化带来的问题，从而帮助人们更好地理解气候变化的后果，引导人们更加关注当前的环境。因此，D项“气候小说：气候变化的提醒”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 In recent years，science fictions are becoming increasingly popular. Science fiction writers using their magical imagination create imaginary worlds that attract a great number of readers especially teenagers. But how can they make it so believable? 1.______ The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. So you must be familiar with the scientific laws related to your creation. If you're writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity，then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.2.______ Only in this way can you gain the readers' trust. Then the rules in your creation can be different from our daily life，so you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds.3.______ For example，if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1，your characters can't drown (溺水) in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3. 4．______ You should decide the following issues: the history of the world，the geography，what possibilities it offers，how everything works in this new reality，as well as how all of these factors affect the way your characters think，feel，and react. You don't have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what's going on. When you are writing，remember to make it feel real. You are creating a new real world for the readers.5.______ They are able to see，hear，feel，smell，and even taste what it's like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet，help your readers feel like they're actually there. A．And you have to follow them. B．You are inviting them to visit the new world. C．You have to get rich imagination to create science fictions. D．Make sure what you are writing is not against basic science. E．Characters in the imaginary worlds always have super power. F．Here you will find the answer if you are longing to create one. G．Your preparation work also involves planning everything in great detail. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何使得自己创作的科幻小说可信且吸引读者给出了一些建议。 1．F　[解析]上文“But how can they make it so believable？”提出疑问，下文给出关于如何创作出一篇好的科幻小说的建议，所以空处需要引出下文。选项F“如果你想创作一篇(科幻小说)，在这里你会找到答案。”引出下文：如何创作一篇好的科幻小说。故选F。 2．D　[解析]根据上文“If you're writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity，then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.”可知，写作的时候要符合科学规律。而空后“Only in this way can you gain the readers' trust.”则再次强调要这样做，所以空处要与this way有关。选项D“确保你写的东西不违反基础科学。”正是写作的原则之一，不违背科学。故选D。 3．A　[解析]根据空后的“For example，if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1，your characters can't drown in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3.”可知，这里讲的是你书中的规则或许和现实不同，但你在写作时要遵守自己拟定的规则。选项A“你必须遵守它们。”和上文“you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds (你必须弄清楚你想象世界的确切规则)”呼应，且正是下文例子所要说明的。故选A。 4．G　[解析]空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“You should decide the following issues ...You don't have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what's going on.”讲的是要决定你想要写的科幻小说中的一些问题，你不必在第一章告诉读者所有的规则，但你必须要让读者充分了解正在发生什么。选项G“你的准备工作还包括非常详细地计划每一件事。”引起下文。故选G。 5．B　[解析]根据空后“They are able to see，hear，feel，smell，and even taste what it's like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet，help your readers feel like they're actually there.”可知，你所塑造的这个世界要能够让读者感觉自己就在其中。选项B“你在邀请他们参观新世界。”引出下文，建议你在创作时要真实，要让读者有身临其境的感觉。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 The Three­Body Problem is a science fiction novel 1.__________ (write) by the Chinese writer Liu Cixin. The title refers to the three­body problem in orbital mechanics. It is the first novel of the Remembrance of Earth's Past trilogy，but the whole series is often referred to 2.__________ Three­Body. The trilogy's second and third novels are The Dark Forest and Death's End，3.__________ (respective). The first volume of The Three­Body Problem was originally serialized in Science Fiction World in 2006 and published as a standalone book in 2008，4.__________ (become) one of the most successful Chinese science fiction 5.__________ (novel) of the last two decades. The novel received the Chinese Science Fiction Galaxy Award in 2006 along with many more over the years. By 2015，a Chinese film 6.__________ (adapt) of the same name was in production. The English translation by Ken Liu was published by Tor Books in 2014.Thereafter，7.__________ became the first Asian novel ever 8.__________ (win) a Hugo Award for Best Novel，and was nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Novel. The series portrays a fictional world 9.__________，in the first book，Earth encounters an alien civilization in a nearby star system that consists of three solar­type stars orbiting each other in 10.__________ unstable three­body system. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说《三体》。 1．written　[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，write作定语修饰novel，二者之间是被动关系。应用write的过去分词形式。故填written。 2．as　[解析]考查介词。be referred to as表示“被称为”，固定短语。故填as。 3．respectively　[解析]考查副词。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填respectively。 4．becoming　[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，become与其逻辑主语The first volume of The Three­Body Problem之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填becoming。 5．novels　[解析]考查名词的数。one of the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数，表示“最……的……之一”。故填novels。 6．adaptation　[解析]考查名词。此处作主语，用名词形式；空前有不定冠词修饰，用单数形式。故填adaptation。 7．it　[解析]考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代上文提到的The English translation，用人称代词it指代。故填it。 8．to win/to have won　[解析]考查非谓语动词。空处作定语，被修饰词由序数词修饰，故空处用动词不定式形式，且win这一动作先于谓语动词became发生，故可用一般式也可用完成时。故填to win/to have won。 9．where　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。空处引导定语从句，修饰world，并在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 10．an　[解析]考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一个不稳定的三体系统”，且unstable以元音音素开头。故填an。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$