限时规范练(18) LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（人教版）

限时规范练(十八)　UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Louis Pasteur once said，“Chance favors the prepared mind.” That's the truth behind the following inventions—the scientists were prepared and were able to see the magic in a mistake. Mauve In 1856，William Perkin was trying to come up with an artificial medicine，but his experiments produced a thick mess. But the more Perkin looked at it，the more he saw a beautiful color in his mess. Turns out he had made mauve，the first­ever synthetic dye (合成染料)，which was far better than any natural dyes: the color was brighter，clearer，and didn't fade or wash out. Superglue This super­sticky substance was discovered by accident—twice! Chemist Harry Coover had been attempting to make clear plastic gun sights，and in 1942 one method he tested produced an extremely quick bonding adhesive (黏合剂).It was useless for his gun sights，though，and he forgot about it until almost ten years later，when he came across it again while developing heat­resistant parts for airplanes. This time he realised its potential，and the product was put on the market. Plastic In 1907，shellac (虫胶) was used in electronics. It was costly，so American chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland tried to produce an alternative. Instead，his experiments produced a material that could take high temperatures. He later developed it into plastic，and it was soon used in the production of almost everything. Teflon Back in the 1930s，chemist Roy Plunkett was working to make a new kind of CFC for refrigeration. After storing the gas in certain containers，he opened one to discover that it had changed into a white powder that was extremely sticky and had a very high melting point. Three years later，the substance，which was named Teflon，was patented. 1．Which invention came out earliest? A．Mauve. B．Superglue. C．Plastic. D．Teflon. 2．Who recognized the value of his original invention when developing airplane parts? A．William Perkin. B．Harry Coover. C．Leo Hendrik. D．Roy Plunkett. 3．What do the inventions have in common? A．They were made by accident. B．They could take high temperatures. C．They received no recognition at first. D．They could be used in medical fields. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了科学家在偶然的错误中发现的几项伟大发明。 1．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一部分的In 1856，第二部分的in 1942，第三部分的In 1907以及第四部分的Back in the 1930s可知，Mauve是最早发明的。故选A。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据Superglue部分中的“Chemist Harry Coover had been attempting to make clear plastic gun sights ...This time he realised its potential，and the product was put on the market.”可知，Harry Coover在开发飞机零件时认识到了他起初的发明的价值。故选B。 3．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“That's the truth behind the following inventions—the scientists were prepared and were able to see the magic in a mistake.”可知，这几项发明都是在偶然的错误中发明出来的。故选A。 B From writing Shakespeare­style poetry to making music，ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022.It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota，US，according to CNN. ChatGPT is a language model developed by US­based company OpenAI，which is designed to respond to human language in a way that sounds like a person. The model is based on the GPT­3.5 architecture and has been trained on a large corpus (语料库) of text data，including books，articles，and websites，using unsupervised (无人监督的) learning techniques. As a language model，ChatGPT can understand and respond to a wide range of questions and requests，making it an outstanding tool for many different applications. ChatGPT has been trained on a large dataset of text，which allows it to understand a wide range of topics. This means that it can assist with various tasks，involving answering questions，providing information on different subjects，summarizing texts，and even generating writing prompts. One of the best things about ChatGPT is that it's always learning and improving. It uses advanced natural language processing algorithms (计算程序) to generate responses，which means that it is constantly improving and getting better and better as it receives more data over time. This makes it an incredibly powerful tool that can help you learn，grow，and succeed in school and beyond. It's a valuable resource that can help you achieve your academic goals，whether you need help with research，writing，or just want to chat. It's like having a smart friend who can help you with your homework or give you interesting ideas to write about. But despite its advanced capabilities，ChatGPT is not without limitations. As with any AI technology，ChatGPT has certain weaknesses and challenges that can impact its performance and accuracy. 4．Which of the following statements about ChatGPT is correct? A．It could pass several law exams in various courses. B．It was designed by the GPT­3.5 architecture. C．It gave the world a hit the moment it was launched. D．It was designed to respond to human language in exactly the same manner as humans. 5．Who is the passage probably written for? A．Students. B．Professors. C．Doctors. D．Engineers. 6．What will be probably discussed next in the passage? A．More information about AI technology. B．The future applications of AI technology. C．Advanced capabilities of ChatGPT. D．Limitations of ChatGPT. 7．What can be a suitable title of the passage? A．ChatGPT Has Been a New Trend B．ChatGPT Will Be the Future of AI Technology C．ChatGPT Has Impressed the World D．ChatGPT Has Both Advantages and Disadvantages 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的AI模型——ChatGPT。 4．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022可知，ChatGPT一经问世就轰动全球。故选C。 5．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This makes it an incredibly powerful tool that can help you learn，grow ...help you with your homework or give you interesting ideas to write about.”提到的ChatGPT的作用可推知，这篇文章的写作对象很可能是学生。故选A。 6．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可推知，文章接下来的主要内容是讲述ChatGPT的局限性。故选D。 7．C　[解析]标题概括题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT这个轰动全球的模型。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 (2024·甘肃永昌一高高三模拟)Winston Churchill said，“We make a living by what we get，but we make a life by what we give.” Or in the simple，beautiful words of an old Chinese proverb: “1.______ If you want happiness for a day，go fishing. If you want happiness for a year，inherit a fortune. If you want happiness for a lifetime，help somebody.” 2．______ A study by Professor Elizabeth Dunn of the University of British Columbia found that spending money on others promotes happiness more than spending money on oneself. In an experiment，participants were given an envelope containing either five or twenty dollars. Participants who spent the money on a gift for someone else or for a charitable donation reported greater happiness than those who spent the money on themselves. We hear throughout history，philosophy，and literature the same themes regarding giving.3.______ It's the source of true happiness，the meaning of life，the source of the greatest emotional and psychological returns. It's the best way to recover from the worst tragedies. It's a greater pleasure than the creation of wealth and the most direct route to happiness. 4．______ What provides a feeling of security. What provides a sense of accomplishment. What gives inner peace. What brings great meaning，fulfillment，and happiness. 5．______ Perhaps it is because we have not heard enough stories of how happy it can make us—stories from people we admire. I have had the privilege of meeting many of these people through my work. I'd heard their stories of how giving their time，resources，and talents to the causes they care about has brought them happiness and fulfillment far greater than they had ever imagined. A．So why don't more of us give? B．Giving is what liberates the soul. C．Is it better to give than to receive? D．If you want happiness for an hour，take a nap. E．Modern science has proved this phenomenon. F．Giving is the most satisfying thing you'll ever do. G．Some people are in the habit of taking instead of giving. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要以丘吉尔的名言“我们靠所得来谋生，但靠给予来创造生活”为话题进行讨论，讲述了给予和付出带来的神奇力量。 1．D　[解析]分析语境可知，设空句应是与后文“If you want happiness for a day，go fishing. If you want happiness for a year，inherit a fortune. If you want happiness for a lifetime，help somebody. (如果你想快乐一天，去钓鱼吧。如果你想快乐一年，继承一笔财产。如果你想要幸福一辈子，就去帮助别人。)”在句式结构和表达方面保持一致，即构成排比句式。D项“If you want happiness for an hour，take a nap. (如果你想要快乐一小时，那就打个盹吧。)”符合分析，且在句意表达上与后文构成了递进关系，前后衔接紧密。故选D。 2．E　[解析]设空句为该段首句，应是中心主旨句。根据后文“A study by Professor Elizabeth Dunn of the University of British Columbia found that ... (英属哥伦比亚大学伊丽莎白·邓恩教授的一项研究发现……)”以及“In an experiment ... (在一个实验中……)”可知，该段主要通过引用科学研究结果来论证作者在前文提出的论点，由此可推知，设空句作为中心主旨句应包含关键词“科学论证”。E项“Modern science has proved this phenomenon. (现代科学已经证明了这一现象。)”概括了该段主旨，包含关键词“Modern science (现代科学)”，同时句中“this phenomenon (这一现象)”呼应前一段内容。故选E。 3．F　[解析]根据前文“We hear throughout history，philosophy，and literature the same themes regarding giving. (纵观历史、哲学和文学，我们听到的都是关于给予的相同主题。)”可知，该段的核心是“giving (给予)”，由此可知，设空句应继续讲述该核心，且结合后文“It's the source of true happiness，the meaning of life，the source of the greatest emotional and psychological returns. (它是真正幸福的源泉，是生命的意义，是最大的情感和心理回报的源泉。)”可知，讲述的应是“给予”的积极方面。F项“Giving is the most satisfying thing you'll ever do. (给予是你做过的最令人满意的事情。)”讲述了“给予”的积极方面，且其主语Giving与后文的主语It相呼应，用在文中，前后衔接紧密。故选F。 4．B　[解析]分析后文“What provides a feeling of security. What provides a sense of accomplishment. What gives inner peace. What brings great meaning，fulfillment，and happiness. (给予能给人安全感。能带来成就感。能让你内心平静。能带来伟大的意义、满足和幸福。)”可知，该段继续讲述“给予”的神奇之处，且结合后文语法结构可知，后文应是句式结构一致的并列从句，由此可推知，设空句作为首句应是完整的句子结构，且从句结构与后文保持一致，即“what＋谓语动词＋宾语”。B项“Giving is what liberates the soul. (给予是灵魂的解放。)”在句式结构方面符合分析，在句意方面贴合该段主题“给予的神奇之处”。故选B。 5．A　[解析]根据后文“Perhaps it is because we have not heard enough stories of how happy it can make us—stories from people we admire. (也许是因为我们没有听过足够多它能让我们多么快乐的故事，这些故事都是我们钦佩的人讲的。)”中because表示原因可推知，设空句应是“why”引导的特殊疑问句。A项“So why don't more of us give？(那么，我们为什么不更多地给予呢？)”符合分析。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·甘肃白银高三联考)The advancement of technology has led to the development of AI.AI systems are now capable of performing many tasks，such as recognizing speech，understanding natural language，and even diagnosing medical conditions. However，1.__________ rise of AI has also raised a series of ethical concerns. One of the primary concerns is the potential for AI systems to show existing biases. AI systems are often trained on large datasets 2.__________ (collect) from human­generated content，3.__________ may contain biases based on race，gender，or other factors. If these biases fail 4.__________ (address) during the development process，they can be hidden in AI systems and lead to unfair outcomes. Another major concern is the impact of AI on 5.__________ (employ).As AI systems become more advanced，they may replace human workers in certain industries，6.__________ (result) in job losses. To handle these effects，governments and organizations must invest in education and retraining programs to ensure that workers can adapt 7.__________ the changing job market. Privacy is also a critical issue，as AI systems often rely on large amounts of personal data to function 8.________ (effective).Ensuring the protection of this data and user privacy 9._________ (be) essential. The development and use of AI present both opportunities and challenges. To ensure a 10.__________ (benefit) and ethical future with AI，it is crucial to address these concerns. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的发展引发的一系列伦理问题。 1．the　[解析]考查冠词。句意：然而，人工智能的崛起也引发了一系列伦理问题。此处特指“人工智能的崛起”，故用定冠词the。故填the。 2．collected　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能系统通常在从人为产生的内容中收集的大型数据集上进行训练，这些数据集可能包含基于种族、性别或其他因素产生的偏见。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语datasets和collect之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填collected。 3．which　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是content，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．to be addressed　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：如果在开发过程中不解决这些偏见，它们就会隐藏在人工智能系统中，并导致不公平的结果。fail to do sth.意为“没能做某事”，固定短语，address和these biases之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态。故填to be addressed。 5．employment　[解析]考查名词。句意：另一个主要担忧是人工智能对就业的影响。此处应用名词作介词on的宾语，employment意为“就业”，为不可数名词。故填employment。 6．resulting　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人工智能系统变得越来越先进，它们可能会取代某些行业的人类劳动者，导致失业。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，result和主语they之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填resulting。 7．to　[解析]考查介词。句意：为了应对这些影响，政府和组织必须投资于教育和再培训计划，以确保工人能够适应不断变化的就业市场。adapt to意为“适应”，固定短语。故填to。 8．effectively　[解析]考查副词。句意：隐私也是一个关键问题，因为人工智能系统往往依赖于大量的个人数据来有效运行。此处应用副词修饰动词function。故填effectively。 9．is　[解析]考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：确保这些数据和用户隐私的保护是必不可少的。Ensuring与be动词是主动关系；句子的主语为Ensuring the protection of this data and user privacy，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。 10．beneficial　[解析]考查形容词。句意：为了确保人工智能带来有益和伦理的未来，解决这些问题是至关重要的。此处应用形容词修饰名词future。故填beneficial。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$