2024届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案 学术论文话题

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜学术论文撤稿事件频发，“同行评审”还可靠吗？ 近日，国际知名学术期刊《自然》杂志发布撤稿声明，宣布撤回发表于今年3月的一篇关于室温超导的论文，主要原因是该论文的数据及测量方法受到质疑。被撤回公开发表的论文，本文作者已不是第一次；而在整个学术界，论文撤稿数量也正逐年攀升。这让论文出版的关键环节——“同行评审”受到了质疑。什么是“同行评审”？论文撤稿事件频发是否意味着“同行评审”存在问题？ What's Wrong With Peer Review? By Nidhi Subbaraman The latest in a series of high-profile retractions of research papers has people asking: What's wrong with peer review? Scientific and medical journals use the peer-review process to decide which studies are worthy of publication. But a string of questionable or allegedly fabricated research has made it into print. The number of retractions has been rising for years. On Tuesday, a paper claiming the discovery of a room-temperature superconductor was retracted by the journal Nature after physicists flagged problems with the study and Nature conducted its own investigation. The journal's decision to retract the paper validated the barrage of criticism it had received almost immediately upon publication. But it didn't assuage critics of the peer-review process. While only a small fraction of the millions of studies published every year are retracted, when questionable research does make it into the pages of a prestigious journal, the consequences can be severe and long-lasting. One suggestion for fixing peer review that comes up frequently is to pay reviewers. Another is to bring some of the data-checking in-house, while continuing to rely on outside reviewers to assess the scientific design and arguments in new work. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.high-profile英 [ˌhaɪˈprəʊfaɪl] 美 [ˌhaɪˈproʊfaɪl] adj. ____________________________ 2.retraction英 [rɪˈtrækʃn] 美 [rɪˈtrækʃn] n. ____________________________ 3.questionable英 [ˈkwestʃənəbl] 美 [ˈkwestʃənəbl] adj. ____________________________ 4.allegedly英 [əˈledʒɪdli] 美 [əˈledʒɪdli] adv. ____________________________ 5.fabricate英 [ˈfæbrɪkeɪt] 美 [ˈfæbrɪkeɪt] v. ____________________________ 6.superconductor英 [ˈsuːpəkənˌdʌktə] 美 [ˈsu