主题4 必修1 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习创新方案课件PPT（新教材，主题版）

第一部分　主题引领单元语篇 轻松完成词汇过关 主题四 环境 主题解读：本主题属于高中英语新课程标准中“人与自然”主题。其中包括自然灾害与防范、安全常识与自我保护；人与环境、人与动植物；自然环境、自然遗产保护。学习本主题有助于提高保护自然环境、保护动植物的意识，有助于了解自然灾害与防范的知识、掌握安全常识及自我保护的技能。 主题单元：在人教版新教材七册书中涉及“环境”主题的单元有：必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS、必修第二册 UNIT 2 WILDLIFE PROTECTION和选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION。 主题内容：其中UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS属于子主题“自然灾害与防范、安全常识与自我保护”，UNIT 2 WILDLIFE PROTECTION属于子主题“人与环境、人与动植物”，UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION属于子主题“自然环境、自然遗产保护”。 必修第一册　 UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS 目录 CONTENTS 目录 一　词汇过关测＋练 1．evacuate　e­向外；­vac ________，词源同vacant，vacation→向外出去而空；引申为________________________ 2．context　con­表示强调或共同，一起；text _______________，来自­text纺织，编织→共同编织在一起的；引申为_____________________ 空的 疏散，撤出；撤离，撤空 文本；发短信　 上下文；语境；背景 目录 3．suffer　suf­ ________；­fer ____________，词源同bring，infer→在下面承担或承载；引申为_________________________________________ 4．erupt　e­向外；­rupt ________________→向外断裂；引申为____________________________________________________ 5．survive　sur­ ____________；­viv ________，词源同vivid，vivacity→超过了生命；引申为____________________________________ 在下面 承担，承载 遭受；蒙受；(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 断裂，打破 (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出；(战争、感情等)爆发 在上，超过 生命 生存，存活；幸存，艰难度过 目录 单词检测 1．________ vt. 埋葬；安葬 2．________ n. 旱灾；久旱 3．________ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资　vi.& vt. (formal)帮助；援助 4．________ n．& vt. 破坏；毁坏 5．________ vt. 损害；破坏　n. 损坏；损失 6．________ vt.& vi. 打扫；清扫 7．helicopter n. ________________ 8．___________ n. 总结；概括；概要 bury　 drought aid ruin damage sweep 直升机 summary 目录 9．________ vi.& vt. 侵袭；突击；击打　n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 10．shelter n. ___________________　vt. _____________ vi. ________________ 11．crash vt.& vi. ________________　n. ____________ 12．________ n．& vt. 营救；救援 13．trap vt. ___________________________　n. ________________ 14．________ n. 洪水；大量　vi. 淹没；大量涌入　vt. 使灌满水；淹没 15．________ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 16．pipe n. ________________ 17．________ n. 百分之……　adj.& adv. 每一百中 18．________ vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体 strike 避难处；居所；庇护 保护；掩蔽 躲避(风雨或危险) 碰撞；撞击 撞车；碰撞 rescue 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 险境；陷阱 flood effort 管子；管道 percent unify 目录 19．tap vi.& vt. _____________________　n. _____________________ 20．whistle vi. __________________　vt. ___________ n. __________________ 21．metal n. ________________ 22．________ adj. 镇静的；沉着的　vt. 使平静；使镇静 23．slide vi.& vt. ________________ 24．crack n. ______________　vi.& vt. ______________ 25．________ n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品　vt. 供应；供给 26．wave n. ______________　vi.& vt. ______________ 27．revive vt.& vi. ________________ 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 吹口哨；发出笛声 吹口哨 哨子(声)；呼啸声 金属 calm (使)滑行；滑动 裂纹；裂缝 (使)破裂 supply 海浪；波浪 挥手；招手 复活；(使)苏醒 目录 单词语境练 1．It is my firm belief that only with joint ________ (努力) can we construct an energy­saving society and live a low­carbon life. (应用文写作之倡议书) 2．Refugees continue to ________ (大量涌入) into neighbouring countries. 3．He found a hiding place to take ________ (避难) from the violent storm. 4．The following is a __________ (总结) of published science and technology news of China. 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·大卫的奔跑)When approaching the finish line, he burst into a big toothy smile, ________ (挥手) to me with excitement. 6．She keeps pecans and walnuts on hand to ________ (供应) them with snacks. efforts flood shelter summary waving supply 目录 7．He took a few deep breaths to ________ (使平静) himself down. 8．A basic two­hour first ________ (援助) course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents. 9.While we were in their home, we helped do a thorough cleaning, ___________ (打扫) the floor and tidying the house. 10．He ________ (猛撞) into the other youth and they both landed on the ground. 11．(2024·浙江高考1月)When Coach Pitt blew his ________ (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust. 12．The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to ________ (埋葬) the dead. calm aid sweeping crashed whistle bury 目录 词族拓展检测 1．disaster n. 灾难；灾害→___________ adj. 灾难性的 2．destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭→___________ n. 毁坏→____________ adj. 毁灭性的 3．death n. 死；死亡→________ adj. 死的→________ adj. 致命的→________ v. 死亡→________ adj. 垂死的 4．affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→________ n. 感情 5．shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克　vt. (使)震惊→________ adj. 令人震惊的→________ adj. 感到震惊的 disastrous destruction destructive dead deadly die dying affection shocking shocked 目录 6．electricity n. 电；电能→________ adj. 电的；用电的→________ adj. 电子的 7．breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸→________ n. 呼吸→________ adj. 气喘吁吁的 8．wisdom n. 智慧；才智→________ adj. 明智的→________ adj. 不明智的 9．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受　vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→________ n. 受难；苦楚→________ n. 患难者；患病者 10．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→________ n. 喷发 11．volcano n. 火山→________ adj. 火山的 12．survive vi. 生存；存活　vt. 幸存；艰难度过→________ n. 幸存；生还→________ n. 幸存者；生还者 electric electronic breath breathless wise unwise suffering sufferer eruption volcanic survival survivor 目录 13．power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→__________ adj. 强大的；强壮的→__________ adj. 无力的 14．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况→________ adj. 紧急的→________ vi. 浮现；出现 15．deliver vt.& vi. 递送；传达；接生　vt. 发表→________ n. 投递；送交 16．effect n. 影响；结果；效果→________ adj. 有效的→____________ adj. 无效的→____________ n. 有效性 17．length n. 长；长度→________ adj. 长的→________ v. (使)变长；加长 powerful powerless emergent emerge delivery effective ineffective effectiveness long lengthen 目录 词族语境练 1．People were ________ to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother.The ________ news ________ all the people around.(shock) 2．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of __________________. Thanks to the swimming skills，he and his friend succeeded in ________ the terrible flood and they were the only two ________．(survive) 3．The ________ disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 ________ up to now.(dead) 4．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to ________ the fresh air. Although I became _________ when I was on the top, the ________ of fresh air was worth it. (breath) shocked shocking shocked surviving/survival surviving survivors deadly deaths breathe breathless breathing 目录 5．At some 2，300 miles in ________， the Mississippi is the ________ river in the United States. (long) 6．Women are more likely to ________ from mood disorders and anxiety disorders than men, and chances of men ________ from alcohol abuse disorders are 38 times higher than women, according to the survey.(suffer)  7．(2023·全国甲卷·介绍历史人物)Confucius traveled throughout the country, imparting his ________ (wise) to countless disciples and leaving a profound impact on Chinese society. 8．Even those among us who seem to have no ________ can become very __________．(power) length longest suffer suffering wisdom power powerful 目录 At that time, their father slid into the kitchen, patting the twins' shoulders and comforting them in a soft voice, “Don't quit. You can overcome the challenge.” 当时，他们的父亲___________厨房，拍着双胞胎的肩膀，轻声安慰他们：“不要放弃。你们可以克服挑战。” 滑动；滑行 悄悄走进 1 slide [熟义]　v. ______________ [生义]　v. 悄悄移到 目录 The dog attacked a child and had to be destroyed. 那只狗袭击了一个小孩，所以要被________。 毁坏 杀掉 2 destroy [熟义]　v. __________ [生义]　v. 消灭；杀死 目录 His face cracked into a big toothy smile. 他的脸上__________灿烂的笑容。 裂缝 露出了 3 crack [熟义]　n. ____________ [生义]　v. 破裂；裂开 目录 Because of the greenhouse effect the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere. 由于温室效应，________在大气层中的气体使地球变暖。 险境；陷阱 把……困住；使落入险境 储存 4 rap [熟义]　n. ______________　v. ________________________ [生义]　v. 留存，储存(气体/水等) 目录 His school work is suffering because of family problems. 由于家庭问题，他的学业____________。 遭受；受苦 日渐退步 5 uffer [熟义]　v. ______________ [生义]　v. 变差；变糟 目录 The aircraft is powered by a jet engine. 这架飞机由喷气发动机________。 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 驱动 6 power [熟义]　n. __________________________________ [生义]　v. 驱动；推动 目录 She felt a tap on her shoulder. 她感觉到有人在她肩上___________。 水龙头；塞子 拍了一下 7　tap [熟义]　n. _________________ [生义]　n．& v. 轻敲；轻拍 目录 ①The president will deliver a speech at our graduation ceremony. 校长将要在我们的毕业典礼上________演讲。 ②Lin Qiaozhi, known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， had delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. 被誉为“万婴之母”的林巧稚，一生中________了5万多名婴儿。 递送；传送　 发表 接生 8　deliver [熟义]　v. ________________ [生义]　v. 发表；接生 目录 小积累 1.自然灾害一览 ①tornado 龙卷风；旋风 ②flood 洪水 ③typhoon 台风 ④hurricane 飓风 ⑤earthquake 地震 ⑥volcanic eruption 火山喷发 2．后缀­al名词荟萃 ①survive→survival 幸存；生还 ②revive→revival 振兴；复苏 ③arrive→arrival 到达 ④propose→proposal 提议 ⑤approve→approval 批准，认可 ⑥try→trial 试验；试用 3．各种“惊讶” ①astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 ②astonished adj. 惊讶的 ③amazing adj. 令人吃惊的 ④amazed adj. 吃惊的 ⑤shocking adj. 令人震惊的 ⑥shocked adj. 震惊的 目录 二　语块过关测＋练 语块翻译 1．________________ 从……中营救某人 2．___________________ 对……有损害 3．_____________________ 保护某人/物免受…… 4．________________ 严重受损；破败不堪 5．________________ 震惊；吃惊 6．________________ 困住；陷入困境 7．________________ 遭受；忍受 rescue sb from ... do/cause damage to shelter sb/sth from ... in ruins in shock be trapped in suffer from 目录 8．________________ 平静下来；镇静下来 9．________________ 帮助某人 10．________________ 现有(尤指帮助) 11．________________ 消灭；彻底消除 12．________________ 总的来说 13．________________ 最后，终于；长时间地，详尽地 14．__________________________ 温室效应/副作用 calm down come to one's aid on hand sweep away in summary at length greenhouse effect/side effect 目录 语块语境练(用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．Everyone was ____________， thinking the world must be coming to an end. 2．He wants to see me now, but I have so much work ____________ that I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 3．Rather than discuss all of these questions ____________， we prefer to focus on the impact of the heavy snow. in shock on hand at length 目录 4．Their houses were ____________ by the flood, so they had to build new ones. 5．It is no wonder that the whole building is now ____________； it caught so big a fire last night. 6．You ________ me ________ an embarrassing situation. 7．Trees were planted to ________ this area ________ strong sandstorms. 8．(2024·广东广州真光中学高三测试)It is the color commonly used to help ____________ those who are out of control. swept away in ruins rescued from shelter from calm down 目录 三　句式迁移练 1．too ... to ... 太……而不能…… 【教材原句】 Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.[P50] 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。 【语境体悟】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 在你修改了你的草稿，直到它太乱而无法再使用后，你可以将你修改的内容输入到你的文字处理器中。 【迁移创新】(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Young people ______________ interact with nature. 年轻人太忙了而不和大自然互动。 are too busy to 目录 2．as if引导的虚拟语气 【教材原句】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！[P50] 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 【语境体悟】It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest. 似乎联系最紧密的一代人也是最孤独的一代人。 【迁移创新】With my mean words running through my mind, I felt my throat tightened ________________________ because I ruined everything she specially prepared for me.(读后续写之情绪描写) 刻薄的话在我脑海中闪过，我觉得我的喉咙绷紧了，就像一块石头卡在里面一样，因为我毁了她专门为我准备的一切。 as if a rock were stuck in it 目录 3．be doing ... when ... 正在做……突然…… 【教材原句】I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.[P54] 当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。 【语境体悟】One afternoon, in the little town where I then lived, I was walking my dog when it began to behave strangely, rolling wildly on the ground. 一天下午，在我当时居住的小镇上，我正在遛狗，这时它开始表现得很奇怪，在地上疯狂地打滚。 【迁移创新】Mac _________________________________ a hand pulled him into the car. 马克正在想接下来该怎么办，正在那时，一只手把他拉进了车里。 was wondering what to do next when 目录 Ⅰ 忆课文·主题理解 Many strange things had happened before Tangshan earthquake. The well walls had deep cracks. Some __1__ (smell) gas came out of wells. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat. __2__ 3∶42 am on 28 July 1976, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world __3__ (come) to an end. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people were dead __4__ injured. Everything in the city __5__ (destroy). People were shocked at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. 目录 The army organized teams to dig out those __6__ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for __7__ (survive). Fresh water and food were taken to the city. Slowly, the city began __8__ (breathe) again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, __9__ new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. It has proved that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the __10__ (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　 6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________ 答案： 1.smelly　2.At　3.were coming　4.or　5.was destroyed　6.who　7.survivors　8.to breathe　9.a 10．wisdom 答案 目录 A tsunami, __1__ crashed into coastlines across Asia on 26 December 2004, killed more than 6，500 tourists, __2__ (fisherman) and other locals. Cars were swept away by huge waves __3__ (cause) by the strong earthquake. In one area alone, at least 1，870 people were killed. One million more were __4__ (serious) affected by the tsunami. Many locals had to leave everything and run to safety. A great number of people were hurt or __5__ (miss). The number of deaths __6__ (expect) to grow even __7__ (high) over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organized for __8__ tsunami－hit countries. __9__， dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult __10__ (deliver) food and supplies. 目录 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　 6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________ 答案： 1.which　2.fishermen　3.caused　4.seriously　5.missing　6.is expected　7.higher　8.the　9.However　10.to deliver 答案 目录 Ⅱ学思悟·重点突破 1 flood n. 洪水；大量　vi. 淹没；大量涌入vt. 使灌满水；淹没 【知识归纳】 (1)a flood of ... 大量的…… (2)flood in/into/out of 大量涌入/蜂拥而至 表示“情感”的名词＋flood(s) over sb 某人非常/深感…… flood back 涌上心头 be flooded with 充满/挤满…… 目录 【名师点津】“充满，挤满”短语荟萃：be filled with; be crowded with; be packed with; be flooded with。 【语用点拨】 flood这个词在读后续写中应用十分广泛，比如：a flood of ＋情绪名词表示“大量的某种情感”；表示“情感”的名词＋flood(s) over sb表示“某人非常/深感……”，也可以用flood back表示回忆涌上心头。 目录 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood ________ Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. ②一股巨大的暖流淹没了我的全身，就像我们之间的一堵墙被推倒了。 A huge wave of warmth __________________________ and it seemed like a wall between us torn down.(读后续写之情感描写) into flooded all over my body 目录 ③当我们参观我的故居时，回忆涌上心头。 When we visited my old family home, memory came ____________. ④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ flooding back 他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。 目录 【名师点津】“影响”短语荟萃：have an effect on; have an influence on; have an impact on。 2 affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(☞affection n. 喜爱) 【知识归纳】 (1)be deeply/greatly affected by ... 深受……影响；被……深深打动 be affected with ... 染上……疾病 (2)show/have/feel much/an affection for ... (非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱…… 目录 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子/同义句转换 ①I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life __________ (affect)． ②给我印象最深的人是我的父亲，他对我的影响不是他的言语，而是他平时的行为。 The person who impresses me most is my father, __________________________ me not with his words but with his common actions.(人物介绍) ③(2024·浙江强基)Homework­related anxiety and stress can affect school work negatively. →Homework­related anxiety and stress can ________________________ school work. (effect) was affected who affects/has an effect on have a negative effect on 目录 【语用点拨】 bury在读后续写中应用较多，以上知识归纳中的搭配都可以使用，比如埋头做某事、掩面、抱头等。 3 bury vt. 埋葬；安葬；使沉浸，使专心 【知识归纳】 bury one's face in one's hands 某人双手掩面 bury one's head in one's arms 某人双手抱头 be buried in/bury oneself in (doing) sth 埋头于/专心于(做)某事 目录 【语境运用】句型转换/完成句子 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. →David still refused to look at me, ________________________．(分词作状语) →David still refused to look at me, ______________________________．(with的复合结构) →David still refused to look at me, ________________________．(独立主格结构) ②Unfortunately, some students ignore PE classes, during which they simply ___________________________ (埋头于家庭作业) or just idle the time away. ③她双手捂着脸啜泣着。 She sobbed, ________________________________________． burying his head in his arms with his head buried in his arms his head buried in his arms bury themselves in homework hiding/burying/covering her face in her hands 目录 【语用点拨】 effort在写作中应用比较广泛，可以使用in an effort to do表示活动目的，make efforts to do, spare no effort to do等表示“努力做某事”，with/without effort表示做事情的难易度等。 4 effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 (☞effortless adj. 不费力的) 【知识归纳】 put effort into (doing) sth 投入精力(做)某事 be well worth the effort 非常值得努力 in an effort to do 为了 make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth 努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事 with/without effort 费劲地/轻松地 目录 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts ________ (build) a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Push through, give it time and ____________________ (投入精力). You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)然而，他却不顾一切地追赶着其他人，汗水从他的脸颊上流下来，丝毫没有放弃的迹象。 However, he ________________________________________， drops of sweat streaming down his cheeks, showing no sign of giving up. to build put in the effort spared no effort to catch up with the others 目录 【语用点拨】 知识归纳中strike的各种搭配均可以在应用文写作和读后续写中广泛使用。 5 strike vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打；敲响，罢工；给……印象；突然想到　n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 【知识归纳】 (1)be struck by/with ... 被……击中；被……打动 It strikes/dawns on/occurs to sb that ... 某人突然想起…… What strikes sb most is (that) ... 给某人印象最深的是…… strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡 (2)be/go on strike 在/举行罢工 目录 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①(2023·浙江高考1月·认识植物)Throughout the event, I was struck ________ the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals. ②The moment of our departure finally arrived as _____________________ (钟敲响11点)． by/with the clock struck 11 目录 ③我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。 _____________________________ playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.(strike) ＝______________________________ playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity. (dawn) ＝______________________________ playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity. (occur) It struck me all of a sudden that It suddenly dawned on me that It suddenly occurred to me that 目录 6 effect n. 影响；结果；效果 (☞effective adj. 有效的☞ineffective adj. 无效的☞effectiveness n. 有效性) 【知识归纳】 have an effect on/upon ... 对……有影响 come into effect＝take effect 生效；起作用 in effect 有效，生效；实际上，事实上 be of no effect 无效果的 side effect 副作用 greenhouse effect 温室效应 cause and effect 因果关系 目录 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly __________ (effect) at getting grizzlies away. ②Furthermore, random grouping could result in language proficiency disparities within the groups, which could affect the ____________ (effect) of practicing oral skills. ③However, this study does not show ________________ (因果关系) between cardiovascular fitness and dementia; it only shows an association.   ④Through my practice, I found that cooking not only improved my culinary skills, but also ________________________ (对……有镇静的影响) me. effective effectiveness cause and effect had a calming effect on 目录 7 as if中的虚拟语气 【知识归纳】 (1)as if/though从句用陈述语气，表示真实或极有可能发生的情况 (2)as if从句用虚拟语气，表示不真实或不可能发生的情况 虚拟现在：从句谓语动词为did/were 虚拟过去：从句谓语动词为had done 虚拟将来：从句谓语动词为would/might/could＋do 目录 【语境运用】完成句子 ①他们移动、跳跃，快速而平稳地跨过每一个障碍，就像在飞翔一样。 They moved and jumped fast and smoothly across every obstacle ____________________． ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·大卫的奔跑)眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。 Tears swirling in his eyes, David raised his head, looked at me ____________________________， but lowered his head once again. as if they were flying as if he would say something 目录 Ⅲ语基过关检测 维度一　单句语法填空 1.However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an ________ (effort) feeling. 2．(2017·浙江高考·野外遇狼)It came ________ shock that the wolf didn't vanish into the woods quickly, but cautiously crept toward me and sniffed my hands and arms. 3．________________ (strike) by what he had done for me，I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(读后续写之情绪描写) 4．(2024·九省联考)Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of ________ (survive) from attacks by predators. effortless a Struck/Stricken survival 目录 5．With his face ________ (bury) in his hands, he tried to control his weeping. 6．The local clubs are making every effort _________ (interest) more young people. 7．A rescue worker risked his life to save two tourists who _______________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. 8．We decided to collect as many school ________ (supply) as possible, and make them into kits—one kit, one child. 9．Breathing a sigh of relief, she saw the ________ (shock) looks of others and knew she had made it.(读后续写之情绪描写) 10．(2024·成都模拟)Along the way, Madeline would suffer ________ heatstroke (中暑) in the Australian desert and hear gunshots while camping in Turkey. buried to interest were trapped supplies shocked from 目录 维度二　语篇练习 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Many years ago, a great earthquake ①________ (strike) Wenchuan, a city in Sichuan Province, and everyone was ②____________ (shock). About thirty percent of the building lay ③________ ruins. Most people suffered a great deal and many people were dead or ④________ (injure). There was neither electricity ⑤________ water. It seemed as if the world were ⑥________ an end. The government immediately organized rescue teams ⑦__________ (evacuate) people and take the survivors to shelters in the open air. The helicopter delivered all kinds of supplies. Some doctors and volunteers also came to ⑧________ (they) rescue. Thanks to their joint efforts and wisdom, the city began ⑨____________ (breathe) and revive itself. struck shocked in injured nor at to evacuate their to breathe 目录 Ⅳ读写用·素养提升 维度一　一词多义/熟词生义 (一)根据语境选出加黑词strike的含义 A．v. 打动　B．v. 突然想到　C．n. 罢工　D．v. (灾难、疾病等)袭击　E．v. 达成(协议，妥协)　F．v. 敲响 1．When I entered the room，the clock had just struck 10.________ 2．More importantly, every year a large number of tourists are struck/stricken by the charm of the famous sights in Beijing. ________ F A 目录 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. ________ 4．They have been on strike for several days to get a higher pay.________ 5．A big earthquake struck the city last year, killing hundreds of people.________ 6．(2021·浙江高考1月)It suddenly struck me that I could win the first place by forcing my head inside the pumpkin. ________ E C D B 目录 (二)根据语境写出加黑词的含义 1．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. ______________ 2．Suddenly another thought went through Kate's mind like an electric shock.________ 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. ________ 避难处；庇护 电击 效应 目录 维度二　构词法 (2023·浙江高考1月)As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider's web. 形容词转动词：near常用作形容词，意为________。此句中near转换为动词，意为：________________。 附近的 接近；靠近 目录 维度三　长难句分析 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high­quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. 一划主干：________________________。 二括修饰：such as 举例说明issues, the importance 和the necessity并列，to replace ... 作___________，spent是过去分词作___________。 三会意：在这些章节中，我探讨了独处的重要性，以及培养高质量休闲活动的必要性等问题，以取代现在大多数花在漫无目的地使用电子设备上的时间。 I examine issues 目的状语 后置定语 目录 维度四　写作提能 完成句子/词汇升级 1．李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了深远的影响。 During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, ________________________________________. (定语从句) 2．双脚像是粘在地板上了，他站在原地无法动弹。 He froze in place, his feet feeling ____________________________．(as if) which had a profound effect on Chinese culture as if they were bolted to the floor 目录 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·惊喜早餐)她正在对此感到疑惑，这时爸爸出现了，告诉妻子这对双胞胎为了给她一个惊喜是如何做准备的。 She _____________________________________________， telling his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her a great surprise.(be doing ... when ...) 4．起初，妈妈脸上掠过一丝怀疑和震惊，但在长时间的谈心之后，她给了凯利一个紧紧的拥抱，并轻声说道：“我为你做自己感到骄傲。” At first, ______________________________________________________， but after a long, heart­to­heart talk, she gave Kelly a bear hug and whispered softly, “I'm so proud of you for being yourself.”(无灵主语) 5．The lecture, scheduled from 3：00 to 5：00 on the afternoon of this Friday, will be addressed by a renowned astronaut in our lecture hall. ____________ was wondering about it when the father turned up a flash/ripple/flicker of disbelief and shock crossed mom's face delivered 目录 目录 Ⅰ.阅读 A (2024·海南省陵水中学高三月考)Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind. From ancient Greece to the present day, countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes. Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable evidences of coming quakes. However, there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard. “We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，” said Egill, a research professor at the California Institute of Technology. Scientists have also attempted to create mathematical * 目录 models of movement, but precisely predicting would require great mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust. Other challenges include a lack of data on the early warning signs, given that these warning signs are not yet entirely understood. Actually, real earthquake prediction is very similar to the diagnosis of potential human illnesses based on observing and analyzing each patient's signs and symptoms. As it turns out, quake prediction is extremely difficult. * 目录 Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognized science in ancient Greece. Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes. The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2，500 years ago: he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy. Indeed, an earthquake occurred two days later, making Pherecydes famous. Nowadays, seismic and remote­sensing methods are considered to have the greatest potential in terms of solving the earthquake prediction problem. * 目录 Currently, Terra Seismic can identify a forthcoming earthquake with a high level of confidence. Generally, Terra Seismic does not predict a quake if the earthquake's epicenter is located beyond a depth of 40 km. Fortunately, such quakes are almost always harmless, since quake's energy reduces before reaching the Earth's surface. “Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，” Bruneau said. “Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地震预报的历史，解释了地震预报困难的原因以及地震预报的方法。 篇章导读 * 目录 1．What do we know about earthquake forecasting? A．Scientists have been passionate about accurately predicting earthquakes. B．As long as enough data is collected, earthquakes can be predicted. C．Mathematical models of motion can simulate and predict earthquakes. D．Scientists have not yet fully studied the structure of earthquakes. 答案：　 A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills ... predict earthquakes.(地震预报是人类已知的最古老的技能之一。从古希腊到今天，无数科学家试图开发预测地震的工具。)”可推知，从古希腊到今天，科学家们一直热衷于准确预测地震。故选A。 答案 * 目录 2．How did Pherecydes successfully predict earthquakes? A．By seismic and remote­sensing methods. B．By observing unusual natural phenomena. C．By living in seismic zones throughout the year. D．By looking into data on the early warning signs. 答案：　 B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first known forecast ... making Pherecydes famous.(第一个已知的预测是大约2，500年前由锡罗斯的费雷西德斯做出的。他在从井中舀水时注意到通常非常清澈的水突然变得浑浊。果然，两天后发生了一次地震，使费雷西德斯成名。)”可推知，Pherecydes通过观察井水变浑浊的自然异象来预测地震。故选B。 答案 * 目录 3．What was Bruneau's opinion about the current methods of earthquake prediction? A．He strongly believed the Terra Seismic can solve the difficult problem. B．He was sure that humans could accurately predict earthquakes in the future. C．He considered it harmless to humans for an earthquake deeper than 40 km. D．He thought that scientists had no reliable method to predict earthquakes. 答案：　 D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘Scientists have tried every possible method ... make a believable prediction.’(‘科学家们已经尝试了各种可能的方法来预测地震，’布鲁诺说。‘没有人能够破解它并做出可信的预测。’)”可知，Bruneau认为科学家没有可靠的方法来预测地震。故选D。 答案 * 目录 4．Which question does this article focus on? A．Why do humans predict earthquakes? B．How to protect oneself during an earthquake? C．What methods can be used to forecast earthquakes? D．When to achieve accurate earthquake forecasting? 答案：　 C　主旨大意题。通过讲述地震预测的历史、难度、历史上成功预测地震的例子以及现在所面临的困境可知，文章的重点在于地震预测的方法。故选C。 答案 * 目录 B (2024·浙江高考1月)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east­central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. * 目录 Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary­Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they‘re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” * 目录 One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” * 目录 Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。加拿大的一些保险公司利用飞机在存在冰雹袭击风险的风暴中心播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成冰雹之前像雨一样落下，而这一举动引起了人们的担忧。 篇章导读 * 目录 5．What does the project aim to do? A．Conserve moisture in the soil. B．Prevent the formation of hailstones. C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D．Investigate chemical use in farming. 答案：　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Airplanes seed threatening storm ... grow into dangerous hailstones.(飞机在存在冰雹袭击风险的风暴中心播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下。)”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰雹的形成。故选B。 答案 * 目录 6．Who are opposed to the project? A．Farmers in east­central Alberta. B．Managers of insurance companies. C．Provincial government officials. D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But farmers in east­central Alberta ... by the cloud seeding.(但是位于防雹工程飞行作业的下风区的阿尔伯塔省中东部的农民们对该计划表示担忧，认为宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干旱的土地上偷走。)”可知，阿尔伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。故选A。 答案 * 目录 7．Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D．To show the link between storms and moisture. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“One doubter about the safety ... Dr. Doswell says.”可知，Chuck Doswell (查克·多斯韦尔)对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度，并曾看见了由投放了人工增雨物质的风暴中心形成的巨大龙卷风，由此可推知，Doswell博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了表明人工降雨可能带来的危险。故选C。 答案 * 目录 8．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D．Cloud­seeding companies will continue to exist. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Due to the lack ... cloud－seeding companies.(由于缺乏科学依据，没有人成功赢得对人工降雨公司的诉讼。)”可推知，人工降雨公司将继续存在。故选D。 答案 * 目录 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·湖南省部分校高三质检) How to Survive a Flood: Flood Safety Tips Flooding is a common natural disaster in the world. It is usually caused by heavy or sudden rainfall. Review the following flood safety guidelines to know what you should do to increase your chances of survival. __1__ If you live in an area that is often flooded—or even if you don't—it's a good idea to be prepared for the worst. * 目录 Pay close attention to official flooding updates. And know the difference between a flood “watch” and “warning”. __2__ But a flood warning means flooding is already occurring or will occur soon. In this case, you should be prepared to leave at a moment‘s notice. Have an emergency survival kit on hand. __3__ Things such as water, food, a flashlight, radio, phone chargers and a first aid kit should all be included. Be aware that flash flooding can occur. __4__ Do not wait for instructions to move. When a flood warning is issued for your area, leave. Head for higher ground and stay there until you are told that the area is safe. * 目录 Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water can sweep you off your feet. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. __5__ Turn around, and don't drown! If you come upon a flowing stream where water is above your ankles, stop, turn around and go another way. People often underestimate the force and power of water. * 目录 A．Make preparations in advance. B．Actually, these two words are quite different. C．That's why the moving water is dangerous. D．It should be filled with at least three days of supplies. E．A flood watch means a flood is possible in your area. F．Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you. G．If there is possibility of such a flood, move at once to higher ground. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应对洪水的正确做法。 篇章导读 * 目录 1．A　根据下文“If you live in an area ... it's a good idea to be prepared for the worst.(如果你住在一个经常被洪水淹没的地区，或者即使你不住在这样的地区，做好最坏的打算也是一个好主意。)”可知，本段主要强调了提前做好最坏的打算，即提前做好准备。A项(提前做好准备。)符合语境，可作为本段主旨句。故选A。 2．E　根据上文“know the difference between a flood ‘watch’ and ‘warning’”以及下文“But a flood warning ... at a moment's notice.”可知，上文提到了解洪水“预警”和“警告”之间的区别，且下文介绍了warning，因此设空处应论述watch的含义。E项(洪水预警意味着你所在地区可能发生洪水。)符合语境。故选E。 答案 * 目录 3．D　根据上文“Have an emergency survival kit on hand.”以及下文“Things such as water ... should all be included.”可知，设空处应当是在说明应急救生包里的准备物品，D项(它应该装满至少三天的补给。)符合语境。It代指上文an emergency survival kit。故选D。 4．G　根据上文“Be aware that flash flooding can occur.”以及下文“Do not wait ... the area is safe.”可推知，设空处应该是说明发生山洪时的做法。G项(如果有可能发生这样的洪水，立即转移到地势较高的地方。)符合语境，其中higher ground为同词复现。故选G。 答案 * 目录 5．F　根据上文“Do not walk ... not moving.(不要在流动的水中行走。6英寸的流水能把你冲走。如果你必须在水里走，要在水不动的地方走。)”可知，上文提到了在水中行动，设空处应承接上文，介绍在水里行走时的方法。F项(用一根棍子检查前方地面的牢固程度。)符合语境。故选F。 答案 * 目录 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2023·湖南省长沙市南雅中学高三考试)Acting was, is and always will be the first love of the National Peking Opera Company's new vice­president, Tian Lei, Chen Nan reports. Huguosi Street was one of Beijing's __1__ (busy) commercial roads in the olden days. It also __2__ (house) the residence of Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang (1894 -1961). Not far from Mei's address, the first theater for Peking Opera __3__(perform) was created in 1954, five years after the founding of the People's Republic of China. * 目录 The neighborhood __4__ (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is __5__(current) managed by the National Peking Opera Company. Tian Lei treasures the hours he spends there, training and rehearsing (排练). Wearing a costume and __6__ (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the 42­year­old walks confidently across the stage, __7__ (practise) a variety of martial art movements, before ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage)． * 目录 Tian has been working with the opera company for 10 years. Its premises (处所) are __8__ 10­minute drive from the theater and his colleagues train there. He, however, prefers the historic stage. “I come to the theater almost every day because I enjoy the peace and emptiness this building offers. Rehearsing here helps me feel closer __9__the Peking Opera masters __10__ once graced the stage，” he says. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________ 6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了京剧的发展和国家京剧公司新任副总裁田磊从事京剧演艺的经历。 篇章导读 * 目录 1．busiest　考查形容词的最高级。句意：古时候，护国寺街是北京最繁忙的商业道路之一。根据“one of＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填busiest。 2．housed　考查动词的时态。设空处是谓语动词，根据上文中的was可知，本句的时态为一般过去时。故填housed。 3．performances　考查词性转换。此处用名词作介词for的宾语，performance “表演”是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，应用复数表示泛指。故填performances。 答案 * 目录 4．has changed　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the decades可知，应用现在完成时，主语The neighborhood是第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has changed。 5．currently　考查词性转换。应用副词修饰动词managed。故填currently。 6．armed　考查非谓语动词。固定短语be armed with表示“装备有，配备有”，此处应省去be，用过去分词作状语。故填armed。 7．practising　考查非谓语动词。practise和逻辑主语the 42­year­old之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填practising。 答案 * 目录 8．a　考查冠词。此处drive是名词，且10­minute的发音以辅音音素开头，应用冠词a泛指“一个10分钟的车程”。故填a。 9．to　考查介词。句意：“在这里排演让我感觉更接近曾经登上舞台的京剧大师，”他说。此处用介词to构成固定搭配be/feel closer to表示“更接近”。故填to。 10．who/that　考查定语从句的引导词。此处是定语从句，先行词Peking Opera masters指人，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 答案 * R $$