选择性必修1 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习创新方案课件PPT（新教材，创新版）

第一部分　教材回眸 深究核心考点 选择性必修第一册　 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 主题语境：人与社会——杰出人物 目录 CONTENTS 目录 1.be honoured with the Noble Prize in Physiology 被授予诺贝尔生理学奖 2．make a great contribution to treating malaria 在治疗疟疾方面做出巨大贡献 3．protect the property 保护财产 4．wormwood leaf extract 艾叶提取物 5．a chemical substance 一种化学物质 6．one dose of penicillin 一剂青霉素 7．flow chart 流程图 阅读识记 目录 8．overcome numerous difficulties 战胜无数的困难 9．according to the theory of relativity 根据相对论 10．chemical/infant formula 化学公式/婴儿配方 11．a real genius 一个真正的天才 12．obtain one's doctorate in art history 某人获得艺术史博士学位 13．photoelectric effect 光电效应 14．decide to grow a beard and a moustache 决定留起络腮胡子和髭 15．psychological peculiarity 心理特征 16．mourn one's death 为某人的去世哀悼 目录 1.at the crucial moment 在重要的关头；在关键时刻 2．play a vital role in our society 在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用 3．be acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper被认可为一名优秀的守门员 4．depend mostly on weather 主要取决于天气 5．be forced to flee one's homeland 被迫离开某人的祖国 6．under any circumstances 在任何情况/状况下 7．found a club 创办俱乐部 基础高频 目录 8．combine theory with practice 理论与实践结合 9．have a passion for gardens 酷爱花园 10．an extraordinary achievement 卓越的成就 11．encounter a number of difficulties 遇到了许多困难 12．a chemistry professor 一位化学教授 13．the device protected by patent 受专利保护的装置 14．a large sum of money 一大笔金额的钱 15．the draft of the speech 演讲的草稿 目录 1.boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点 2．liquid n. 液体　adj. 液体的；液态的 3．obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得　vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行；适用 4．defeat n. 失败；挫败　vt. 击败；战胜 5．insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求；坚持说 6．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动 7．chart n. 图表　vt. 记录；制订计划 8．institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 一词多义 目录 写出下面句中黑体词的词性和含义 1．When the gate is raised, the water can flow freely. ____________ 2．We works at the same institution. ____________ 3．Boil for 20 minutes until the liquid has reduced by half. ___________________ 4．They defeated the colonial army in 1954. ____________ 5．My family insisted that I should not give in, but stay and fight. ____________ 6．Do not draw it on the chart, however, as this will confuse the issue. __________ 7．These conditions no longer obtain. _________________ vi. 流动 n. 机构 vi. 烧开；煮开　n. 液体 vt. 击败 vt. 坚决要求 n. 图表 vi. 存在；适用 对点过关 目录 1.commit vt. 承诺；保证　vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n. 投入；奉献；承诺 2．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的 3．object n. 物体；目的→objective n. 目标；目的　adj.客观的→objectively adv. 客观地 4．botany n. 植物学→botanical adj. 植物学的 拓展变形 目录 5．evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估 6．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n. 区别；差别 7．analyse/analyze vt. 分析→analyst n. 分析师；分析家→analysis n．(pl. analyses)分析 8．apparent adj. 显而易见的；明显的→apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然 9．science n. 科学→scientific adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n. 科学家 10．conclude vt. 断定；推断出；(使)结束→conclusion n. 结论；推论 11．novel n．(长篇)小说　adj. 新颖的；新奇的→novelist n. 小说家 目录 12．infer vt.(inferred, inferred, inferring)推断；推定→inference n．推断；推论 13．politics n. 政治→political adj. 政治的→politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客 14．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的→gently adv. 轻轻地；温柔地 15．gradual adj. 逐渐的→gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 16．consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 因此；所以→consequence n. 结果；后果 17．remark v．& n. 谈论；评论→remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv. 惊人地 目录 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．____________ to education，he ___________ every minute to studying and teaching, so his _____________ finally paid off.(commit) 2．One of the worst _______________ of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer lung cancer. ____________， you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent) 3.The famous ________ has made __________ achievements in the field of medicine. (science) Committed committed commitment consequences Consequently scientist scientific 对点过关 目录 4．Mark Twain is regard as an extraordinary ____________ for his famous ________．(novel) 5．With the ________ mature of produce oil market, the sales profit will drop ________．(gradual) 6．There was some ________ ___________ between these two materials. (distinct) 7．We are ____________ how well the policy is working, and the ____________ is of great importance to us. (evaluate) novelist novels gradual gradually distinct distinction evaluating evaluation 目录 8．It was wise for a ______________ to keep silent at the ____________ circumstances.(politics) 9．Patrick took her ________ by the arm and led her to a chair, which reveals his ________ side.(gentle) 10．The execution of Yangtze valley flood control plan will ____________ upgrade the flood control standard of flood protected zone, and produce ____________ economic, environmental and social benefits.(remark) politician political gently gentle remarkably remarkable 目录 1.by chance 偶然 2．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 3．beyond one's control 某人无法控制 4．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 5．take up a position 担任；任职 6．stand on end 竖立起来 7．sum up 总结；概括 短语忆背 目录 8．spread Chinese medicine around the world 把中医传播到世界各地 9．commit oneself to settling the dispute peacefully 致力于和平解决争端 10.insist on paying for the damage 坚决要求赔偿损失 11．make numerous contributions to the world 为世界做出许多贡献 12．due to youth and inexperience 由于年轻和没有经验 13．out of a strong passion for knowledge 出于对知识的强烈热爱 14．make great achievements in physics and mathematics 在物理和数学方面取得巨大成就 15．draw on experience from the past 利用过去的经验 目录 用左栏合适的短语填空 1．To ____________， I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school. And I firmly believe hard work will pay off! 2．The party _________________ at the last election. 3．Therefore, I put the thought to the back of my mind, because I knew he would still ____________ holding onto his previous idea. 4．The truck shows scarcely any sign of _________________． sum up came to power insist on wear and tear 对点过关 目录 5．He has ____________________ carrying his friend through the hardship. 6．He left a career in teaching to ________________ in the local government. 7．His words made my hair ____________． 8．The coast road is closed ____________ bad weather. 9．It will ____________ both past experience and any other source of information. committed himself to take up a position stand on end due to draw on 目录 1.句式：过去分词作定语 原句：In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.[P2] 1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。 句式忆背 目录 2．句式：upon/on＋名词/动词­ing形式，意为“一……就……” 原句：Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine ... ”[P3] 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……” 3．句式：it作形式主语 原句：It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.[P3] 中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。 目录 4．句式：under＋名词，意为“在……过程中” 原句：The building under construction was designed by I．M.Pei—a famous Chinese－American architect.[P5] 正在建设的大楼是由著名的美籍华裔建筑师贝聿铭设计的。 5．句式：it is/was＋过去分词＋that从句 原句：On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.[P9] 1955年4月18日，噩耗传来，爱因斯坦与世长辞，全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。 目录 根据左栏句式和中文提示完成句子 1．第一本将英语作为外语教学的教科书出现在16世纪。 The first text books ________________________ as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 2．一听到她爸爸要回家了，海伦非常兴奋。 ________________________________________________， Helen became quite excited. written for teaching English Upon/On hearing that her father would come back home 对点过关 目录 3．在他看来，帮助病人从疾病中康复是他的职责。 In his opinion, _________________________________ recover from illness. 4．那些计划讨论了一年了，还是没有结果。 The plans _____________________________ for a year, but no decision has been reached. 5．人们普遍认为书的影响如此之大，以至于应该鼓励人们阅读更多书籍。 ________________________ the influence of books is so great that people should be encouraged to read more books. it is his responsibility to help patients have been under discussion It is commonly believed that 目录 · 用本单元词汇表中的词句和方框内的短语补全短文，并诵读！ 语篇诵读 The Men Who Invented the Telephone There have been many __________ (非凡的) inventions in the past, ____________ (尤其是) the invention of the telephone, which has evolved over time and has been so ________ (至关重要的) to modern life. Nowadays it's hard to _________ (遇到) anyone who doesn't have a phone in their ________ (财产；财物). __________________ (由于……) this scientific ____________ (装置), as a consequence of; apply for; end up; not least remarkable not least crucial encounter property As a consequence of device 目录 · global business and communication have been revolutionized forever. It is ________ (一般地；普遍；通常) _______________ (承认；认为) that the ____________ (非凡的；不一般的) ________ (天才) behind this invention was Alexander Graham Bell, an engineer, inventor and university ________ (教授), who ________ (获得) the ________ (专利) for the electric telephone. However, this is not without controversy. On Feb.14, 1876, Bell ____________ (申请) a patent with a letter he ________ (起草) just a few hours earlier than another inventor named Elisha Gray, who was the founder of the Western Electric Manufacturing Company. It was like a drama a ________ (小说家) would put into a ________ (小说), though Gray used the idea of the ________ (液体) transmitter in his creation of the telephone different from Bell's. mostly acknowledged extraordinary genius professor obtained patent applied for drafted novelist novel liquid 目录 · A not so ________ (温柔的；温和的) rivalry ________ (沸腾；爆发) between the two men from different _____________ (机构), and they ____________ (最终) trying to ________ (击败) each other in court. Gray ________ (坚持；坚称；坚决要求) he was ________ (显然) the inventor. Government ________ (政客) and lawyers ________ (分析) and ________ (评估) the ___________ (状况；情况) and recognized Bell to be the original inventor. Even with this ________ (结论), there were many ________ (理论) ________ (流；流动) out there from which it was ________ (推断) that Gray was the true creator, and ________ (逐渐地) some academics from famous research ________ (机构) were _____________ (坚持；承诺；保证) to believing these theories did carry ________ (事实根据)． gentle boiled institutions ended up defeat insisted apparently politicians analysed evaluated circumstances conclusion theories flowing inferred gradually institutes committed substance 目录 · Nevertheless, it's important to look at things in an _________ (客观的) way and celebrate both men who played a part in the most ________ (极其重要的) invention in our history, for their individual and ________ (独特的；有区别的) achievements. objective vital distinct 目录 · 译文 发明电话的人 过去有许多非凡的发明，尤其是电话的发明。电话随着时间的推移而发展，对现代生活至关重要。如今，很难遇到个人财物中没有电话的人。由于这一科学装置，全球商业和通信已经发生了永久性的变革。人们普遍认为，这项发明背后的非凡天才是获得电话专利的亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔，他是一位工程师、发明家和大学教授。然而，这并非毫无争议。 译文 目录 · 1876年2月14日，贝尔用他起草的一封信申请了一项专利，比另一位名叫以利沙·格雷的发明家仅早了几个小时，后者是西方电气制造公司的创始人。这就像是小说家在小说中写的戏剧情节，不过与贝尔不同的是格雷在发明电话时使用了液体发射机的概念。来自不同机构的两个人之间爆发了一场不那么温和的竞争，最终他们试图在法庭上击败对方。格雷坚称显然他才是电话的发明者。政府政客和律师分析并评估了情况，认定贝尔是最早的发明者。即使有了这个结论，仍有许多理论流出，由它们可以推断格雷才是真正的创造者。渐渐地，一些著名研究机构的学者坚持相信这些理论确实有事实根据。 尽管如此，重要的是要以客观的方式看待事物，同时颂扬这两位发明家各自独特的成就，毕竟他们在历史上最重要的发明中都发挥了作用。 译文 目录 目录 · 1.vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Enough sleep is vital ________ the students' physical and mental health. ❷Understanding history is vital to ________________ (understand) ourselves as a people and as a nation. for/to understanding 目录 · [落笔华章]　一句多译 ❸如果我们想在环保方面有所作为，重要的是我们应该从小事做起。(读后续写之主旨升华) If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, _________________ _____________________________________ we (should) begin with small things. ＝If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, beginning with small things _______________________． ＝If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, ________________ to begin with small things. it's vital that/it's of vital importance that is of vital importance it's vital 目录 · 归纳拓展 be vital for/to (doing) sth 对(做)某事极其重要 be of vital importance to .../that ... 对……至关重要 it is vital that sb (should) do sth 某人做某事是极其重要的 it is vital to do sth 做某事很重要 目录 · 2.commit vt. 承诺；保证；犯(罪)；做出(错事)；花(钱或时间)　vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n. 投入；奉献；承诺 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶With the help of their father, the twins were committed to ________ (make) delicious breakfast. ❷A talented scientist well known for his _____________ (commit) to his country，Huang Danian，committed ________ (he) to his research in geophysics. making commitment himself 目录 · [落笔华章]　语段填空/句式升级 ❸犯错误并不可怕。最可怕的是对它的恐惧。(读后续写之主旨升华) It is not terrible to ________________. The most terrible thing is the fear for it. ❹我强烈建议你每天花一个小时的时间读英语，这将逐渐提高你的英语口语。同时，你最好保证经常和你的同学练习说英语。(应用文写作之建议信) I strongly suggest that _____________________________________________ every day，which will gradually improve your spoken English. Meanwhile, you'd better ______ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ commit a mistake you (should) commit one hour to reading/read English commit yourself to practise/practising speaking English with your classmates regularly/ make a commitment to practising speaking English with your classmates regularly 目录 · ❺Because Tu Youyou is committed to doing medical research, she is thought highly of by the world. →___________________________________, Tu Youyou is thought highly of by the world. (形容词短语作状语) Committed to doing medical research 目录 · 归纳拓展 •commit murder/a crime/a mistake 犯凶杀罪/犯罪/犯错 commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) •be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事 •make a commitment to (doing) sth 保证/承诺(做)某事 [名师点津]　①commit oneself 后可跟to do，也可把to看作介词，其后跟 doing。commit 作“忠于，全心全意投入……”时为不及物动词，常与to连用。 ②“献身于，致力于”的表达有commit oneself to, devote oneself to等；若该类短语中无反身代词作宾语，常使用形容词形式：be committed to, be devoted to；该类短语在句中作状语时，常常省略be动词。 目录 · 3.acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Professor Yang is acknowledged ________ one of the world's greatest physicists. ❷Tom acknowledged ______________________________________ (defeat) in the English speech competition, which made us quite depressed. as being defeated/having been defeated 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此巨大的进步。(应用文写作之感谢信) It is widely/universally acknowledged that ... ……是大家公认的______________________________， without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. ❹人们普遍认为这部电影不仅具有教育意义，而且充满激情。 _____________________________________ the film is not only instructive but also full of passion. I acknowledge my English teacher It is widely/universally acknowledged that 目录 · 归纳拓展 acknowledge sb/sth as/to be ... 认为某人/某物是……；承认某人/某物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事 acknowledge that ... 承认…… It is widely/universally acknowledged that ... ……是大家公认的 目录 · 4.insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶The newcomer insisted on ________ (show) him how to operate the machine. ❷The Student Union insists that every participant ________________ (arrive) at the school hall on schedule. ❸When the teacher scolded him, he insisted that he ________ (come) to school on time the other day. showing (should) arrive came 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❹只有当我们坚持经常锻炼身体时，我们才能保持身体健康。(应用文写作之发言稿) _____________________________________________ keep our bodies healthy. (倒装句) ❺由于有一些确凿的证据，警官坚称他违反了交规，要求他接受处罚。 As a consequence of some solid evidence, the police officer insisted that he ____________________________ and ________________． Only when we insist on working out regularly can we had disobeyed the traffic rules (should) be fined 目录 · 归纳拓展 •insist on (doing) sth 坚决要求/坚持(做)某事 •insist作“坚决要求”讲，后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，形式为“(should)＋动词原形”，should可省略；作“坚持认为”讲时，从句用陈述语气，根据需要选择相应的时态。 [名师点津]　insist/suggest 后的宾语从句是否用“(should＋) do sth”形式，分清其所表达的含义是关键。 目录 · 5.conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束；结果→conclude vt. 断定；推断出；(使)结束，终止 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶He concluded his speech ________ a distinguished saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” with 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/一句多译 ❷总之，只有共同努力，我们才能有一个更加美好的明天。(应用文写作之结尾句) ________________， only with joint efforts ____________________________． ❸我从自己的经历中得出结论：“家庭是生活暴风雨中的救生衣。”(读后续写之主旨升华) I ________________ my own experience, “Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.” (conclude) ＝I _______________________________________ from my own experience, “Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclusion) In conclusion can we have a better tomorrow concluded from drew/reached/came to/arrived at a conclusion 目录 · 归纳拓展 •in conclusion 最后；总之 come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论 •conclude ... with sth/by doing sth 以……结束 conclude from ... 从……中得出结论 [发散归纳]　表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。 目录 · 6.circumstance n. [usually pl.] 条件；环境；状况 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶I can't imagine ________ circumstance in which I would not be willing to study. ❷The old tend to fall behind the changing social and political _______________ (circumstance)． a circumstances 目录 · [落笔华章]　语段填空 ❸我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标。如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。我相信在任何情况下，我都会坚持我的梦想。 _____________________________________ the objective of founding a company. ______________________________， I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream. I believe I will stick to my dream __________________________． Under/In no circumstances will I give up If circumstances permit/allow under/in any circumstances 目录 · 归纳拓展 under/in no circumstances 无论如何都不，决不 if circumstances permit/allow 如果情况允许的话 under/in the/any circumstances 在这种/任何情况下 [名师点津]　under/in no circumstances为否定短语，位于句首时，要用部分倒装结构。 目录 · 7.consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 因此；所以 [语基护航]　对比填空(as a consequence/as a consequence of) ❶__________________ global warming, natural disasters occur more frequently. ❷Besides, some students have bad reading habits. ________________ they cannot see the blackboard clearly in class. As a consequence of As a consequence 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸许多人认为贫困是人口过多直接造成的结果。 Many believe that poverty is ________________________ overpopulation. ❹我不小心把计划搞砸了，所以我必须承担后果。(应用文写作之道歉信) I carelessly got the plan ruined, so I had to ______________________． a direct consequence of take the consequences 目录 · 归纳拓展 as a consequence＝in consequence＝ consequently＝as a result 因此；结果 as a consequence of＝in consequence of＝as a result of 因为；由于 face/take the consequences 面对/承担后果 [名师点津]　①as a consequence在句中相当于副词，其前的句意通常为原因。 ②as a consequence of 在句中作介词短语，of后跟名词或动名词，表示原因。 目录 · 8.take up a position 担任；任职 [语基护航]　写出下列句中take up的含义 ❶I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time. ____________ ❷After he retired, he took up gardening. ____________ ❸The table takes up too much room. ____________ ❹We took up some sticks to fight against the bear. ____________ ❺The young man was persuaded to take up the girl's challenge. ____________ ❻She took up the story where Tim had left off. ____________ 占用 开始从事 占据 拿起 接受 继续 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/语段填空 ❼从他父亲手中接管公司后，他采纳了一些先进的理念。 After ____________ the company from his father, he ___________ some advanced ideas. ❽当钟不走时，他把它拆了，找出毛病所在，记下每个零件的确切位置，然后再组装起来。一切完成后，他的脸上呈现出了灿烂的笑容。 When the clock stopped, he ________________， found what was wrong, __________________________ of every part, and put the whole thing together again. With everything finished, his face ____________________________. taking over took in took it apart took down the exact position took on a wide smile 目录 · 归纳拓展 take up 拿起；占用；占据；开始从事；接受；继续 take off 脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；休假 take in 吸收；理解；收留；欺骗 take over 接管；接任 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take down 写下；记下；拆除 take apart 拆开；拆卸 目录 · 9.upon/on＋名词/动名词，意为“一……就……” [教材原句]　Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine ...”[P3] 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……” [语基护航]　用“on/upon＋名词/动名词”进行句子转换 ❶As soon as he arrived, he insisted on designing a new flat chart. →________________， he insisted on designing a new flat chart. ❷The instant he came to power, the new president was committed to improving educational system. →__________________________， the new president was committed to improving educational system. On/Upon his arrival On/Upon coming to power 目录 · [落笔华章]　一句多译 ❸我的头一从大南瓜里拔出来，我就松了一口气。 ________________________________ of the huge pumpkin, I sighed in relief.(as soon as) ＝_______________________________________________ of the huge pumpkin, I sighed in relief.(名词短语构成的连词) ＝________________________________________________ of the huge pumpkin, I sighed in relief.(副词作连词) As soon as my head was pulled out The instant/moment/minute my head was pulled out Immediately/Instantly/Directly my head was pulled out 目录 · 归纳拓展 •upon/on＋n./doing 为介词短语，不可跟句子。 •表示“一……就……”的其他形式还有： ①as soon as＋句子 ②由名词短语构成的连词：the instant/moment/minute＋句子 ③由副词作连词：instantly/immediately/directly＋句子 目录 · 10.it作形式主语 [教材原句]　It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.[P3] 中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶As high school students, it's our responsibility ___________ (protect) the oceans, which are the lung of the planet. to protect 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/语段填空/句式转换 ❷很荣幸能发表演讲，与大家分享我对京剧的看法。(应用文写作之演讲稿) _______________________________________ share with you my opinions on Peking Opera. ❸听说你要去拜访一个中国家庭，我非常高兴。你有必要了解一下中国的餐桌礼仪。(应用文写作之建议信) I'm more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family. ________________ that you should know about the table manners of China. It is a/my great honour to deliver a speech to It is necessary 目录 · ❹据说这位老人是一位刻薄的人。但事实是他对孩子很友好，甚至请他们吃美味的水果。(读后续写之人物描写) ________________ the old man was a mean man. But ________________ he was friendly to children and even treated them to delicious fruits. ❺Apparently, we should spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty. →________________ we should spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty. It was said that it was a fact that It is apparent that 目录 · 归纳拓展 it作形式主语的常用句式： •It be＋an honour＋for sb to do sth/It be one's honour＋to do sth •It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported ...)＋that从句 •It be＋形容词(strange, important, vital, obvious, possible ...)＋that从句 •It be＋名词短语(a pity, a shame, a fact, a good idea, no wonder ...)＋that从句 •It＋某些特殊动词或动词短语(occurs to, happens, seems ...)＋that从句 目录 目录 代词指代猜测题常出现在人物或事物变换多、动作转换频繁的语境中，应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词的指代对象。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。 解答此类试题常用“就近原则”巧判断。其解题流程如下： * 目录 限时：7分钟　正确率：________ (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·C)Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. * 目录 That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted (分心) driving was “only increasing, unfortunately.” “Big change requires big ideas.” he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. * 目录 An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands­free driving laws. “We need something on the books that can change people's behavior，” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand­held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.” * 目录 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。为解决司机开车时使用手机而“分心”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer(短信监控器)的技术来监控司机开车时是否使用了手机。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A．Ineffective. B．Unnecessary. C．Inconsistent. D．Unfair. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段“Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers ... behind the wheel.(在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。)”以及第二段第一句“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.”可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。由此可推知，禁令是无效的。故选A。 答案 * 目录 2．What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A．Where a driver came from. B．Whether a driver used their phone. C．How fast a driver was going. D．When a driver arrived at the scene. 答案： B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands­free driving laws.”可知，Textalyzer能够确定司机是否用手机发短信、邮件或有过其他驾驶法不允许的行为。故选B。 答案 * 目录 3．What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Advice. B．Data. C．Tests. D．Laws. 答案： D　指代判断题。根据画线词下文“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law”可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。something指代的是“法律”。故选D。 答案 * 目录 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B．Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C．New York Banning Hand­Held Devices by Drivers D．The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer 答案： B　标题判断题。通读全文可知，由于司机在驾驶中频繁使用手机而造成交通事故频发，为了解决该问题纽约立法者提出利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。相关人士呼吁该项技术成为真正的法案才能真正改变人们的行为。B项(发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器)适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 答案 * 目录 行文脉络 * 目录 技法复现 第3题 根据画线词下文内容可知，Félix W. Ortiz曾在2001年推动该州禁止司机使用手持设备禁令的实行。他认为如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们会更害怕拿起手机。画线词前的“need”与下文中的“pushed for”“becomes”均为肯定表达，指向一致，由此可推知，画线词“something”指的就是下文中的“law”。故选D。另外我们还可以将something换作law代入句子中进行验证。 * 目录 熟词生义 wheel n. 熟义：轮子，车轮；(汽车、轮船等的)方向盘，转向盘；机轮，齿轮，传动轮 生义：错综复杂的系统(或机构)；汽车 v. 熟义：用有轮之物推动(或拉动、移动)……；推，拉(带轮运输工具) 生义：(鸟或飞机)盘旋；(使)迅速转身，猛然转身 * 目录 长难句 The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands－free driving laws. 译文：这项技术可以确定司机是否刚刚发了短信、电子邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法所不允许的其他任何事情。 分析：The technology为主语；determine为谓语；whether引导宾语从句，此从句中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰的先行词为anything else。 * 目录 目录 阅读 A (2023·河北石家庄统考一模)The Nobel Prize has been awarded to women 60 times between 1901 and 2022. These women have made outstanding contributions to the worlds of medicine, science, literature and so on. Here are four of them. 主题 四位获诺贝尔奖的女性 难易度 易 建议用时 5分钟 * 目录 Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry Year: 1964 Dorothy Hodgkin was a British chemist whose interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry book containing experiments with crystals. She studied at Oxford University and developed protein crystallography, which advanced the development of X­rays. This earned her the Nobel Prize. * 目录 Gertrude B. Elion Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Year: 1988 Gertrude Elion won the Nobel Prize for her discoveries of important principles for drug treatment. Elion had watched her grandfather die of cancer, so she decided to fight the disease throughout her life. Elion, together with George Hitchings, with whom she shared the award, created a system for drug production that relies heavily on biochemistry. * 目录 Toni Morrison Award: Nobel Prize in Literature Year: 1993 Toni Morrison, whose book “Beloved” earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award, was the first Black woman to ever receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Ohio, Morrison was a writer whose works are mostly about life in the Black community. She taught writing and served as an honorary professor at Princeton University. * 目录 Esther Duflo Award: Nobel Prize in Economics Year: 2019 Esther Duflo shared her prize with her research colleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee, who is her husband. Duflo has spent much of her career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she earned her doctorate degree in 1999. Duflo and her partners were awarded the Nobel Prize for their approach to fighting poverty around the world. 语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．What won Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin the Nobel Prize? A．Her book about crystals. B．Her contribution to X­ray development. C．Her research on medicine. D．Her discovery of a new protein crystal. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin部分中的“She studied at Oxford University and developed protein crystallography, which advanced the development of X­rays. This earned her the Nobel Prize.”可知，对X射线发展的贡献让Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (多罗西·克劳福特·霍奇金)获得了诺贝尔奖。故选B。 答案 * 目录 2．What do Toni Morrison's books mainly focus on? A．Educational issues. B．Community service. C．Writing techniques. D．Black American's life. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据Toni Morrison部分中的“Born in Ohio, Morrison was a writer whose works are mostly about life in the Black community.”可知，Toni Morrison (托尼·莫里森)的书主要关注美国黑人的生活。故选D。 答案 * 目录 3．What do Gertrude B. Elion and Esther Duflo have in common? A．They won the Nobel Prize in the same year. B．They devoted themselves to fighting diseases. C．They shared the Nobel Prize together with others. D．Their life experiences committed them to their fields. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据Gertrude B. Elion部分中的“Elion, together with George Hitchings, with whom she shared the award”以及Esther Duflo部分中的“Duflo and her partners were awarded the Nobel Prize for their approach”可知，Gertrude B．Elion (戈尔特鲁德·B·埃利昂)和Esther Duflo (艾丝特·杜芙若)的共同之处是她们都与其他人一起分享了诺贝尔奖。故选C。 答案 * 目录 B (2024·浙江杭州高三上学期一模)In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown－up” dolls to hit the retail market. 主题 Handler (汉德勒)创造的芭比娃娃 难易度 中 建议用时 6分钟 * 目录 Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls' toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman. “My own philosophy of Barbie，” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.” * 目录 There's even a Barbie for cancer patients—Brave Barbie—a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous，” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I'd heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It's time to be beautiful again.’” * 目录 Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll—she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Handler (汉德勒)创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为 “Brave Barbie”的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩的帮助。 语篇导读 * 目录 4．Why did Handler create Barbie? A．To make a hit in the retail market. B．To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits. C．To do a project on women's career choices. D．To inspire girls to make choices as they wish. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices (小女孩可以成为任何她想成为的人。芭比娃娃一直代表着女性拥有选择权的事实)”可推知，Handler创造芭比娃娃的目的是鼓励女孩们按照自己的意愿做选择。故选D。 答案 * 目录 5．How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie? A．Sad yet comforted. B．Envious yet proud. C．Overwhelmed and ashamed. D．Heartbroken and regretful. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Gifting my daughter a Barbie ... to be beautiful again.’”可知，Michelle (米歇尔)认为送给患癌症的女儿一个芭比娃娃是非常棒的，由此可推知，Michelle看到女儿和Brave Barbie在一起时，她感到难过却欣慰。故选A。 答案 * 目录 6．What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle's family? A．A reliable emotional support. B．A glue for broken relationships. C．An effective practical treatment. D．A secret medium of negotiation. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That Barbie became ... for little families.”可知，芭比娃娃不仅仅是一个塑料娃娃，它是小家庭在极度痛苦时期的沟通工具和应对机制，由此可推知，Brave Barbie对于Michelle一家而言是可靠的精神支持，帮助女儿和这个家庭度过极度痛苦的阶段。故选A。 答案 * 目录 7．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A medical journal. B．A charity brochure. C．A financial report. D．A story collection. 答案： D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个患癌女孩和其家庭的帮助。由此可推知，本文很有可能来自一本故事集。故选D。 答案 * 目录 七选五 (2023·河北唐山高三二模)Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done. __1__ But the reality is that man's success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. It is because our life is complicated and tough. And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must. __2__ We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man's success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do. 主题 通往成功路上要坚持 难易度 中 建议用时 7分钟 * 目录 What the world­famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years' constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. __3__ It is only for his undefeated perseverance that we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries. __4__ He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever. All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. __5__ If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful nation in the near future. * 目录 A．Every action has its reaction. B．It is a unique precondition to success in life. C．In human life, perseverance plays a very important role. D．Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us. E．Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance. F．The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy. G．He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance. 语篇导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过列举Newton (牛顿)、Columbus (哥伦布)的经历，论述了坚持不懈在通向成功的路上的重要性。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．F　下文“But the reality is that man's success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully.”说明人的成功在于完成最难的任务，F项(第一次尝试容易完成的任务无疑是非常容易的。)与下文构成转折关系。故选F。 2．B　上文“And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must.”说明了毅力和努力是人生成功的必要条件，B项(这是人生成功的独特的先决条件。)承接上文，其中的It指代上文中“毅力和努力”这一必要条件。故选B。 3．G　上文提到Newton的12年努力的成果被他的爱犬给毁了，但他并没有泄气，G项(通过多年的努力和坚持不懈，他能够再次做到。)承接上文。故选G。 答案 * 目录 4．E　根据下文“He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea.”可知，此处提到的人物是个航海家，E项(哥伦布给我们留下了一个坚持不懈的冒险故事。)引出下文。故选E。 5．D　上文“All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.”说明成就大事业的伟人都具备坚韧不拔的毅力，D项(他们的成功将永远是我们的完美榜样。)承接上文。故选D。 答案 * 目录 语法填空 (2023·四川巴中统考一模)Ever since he was a young boy growing up in Rosario, Argentina, Lionel Messi always dreamed __1__ becoming a World Cup champion. Now, he has achieved this. On Dec. 18, Argentina __2__ (defeat) France in the final of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. This victory has helped Argentina win __3__ (other) World Cup after their last win in 1986. For a long time, Messi __4__ (compare) with Maradona, an Argentina soccer legend. 主题 Messi (梅西)的足球生涯 难易度 中 建议用时 8分钟 * 目录 With excellent skills and great accomplishments, these two players are both considered the __5__ (great) players in their era. Maradona succeeded in helping his team lift the trophy in the World Cup. Yet, Messi hadn't before. Messi has won many honors, including FIFA World Players of the Year. While he led the Argentina team __6__ (take) part in World Cup four times before, his team's best result was __7__ (mere) runner­up in the 2014 Brazil World Cup. Many Argentine fans felt disappointed and even suspected Messi didn't want to win __8__ World Cup for his country. __9__ now, all rumors are cleared away. With his perseverance and skills, the 35­year­old Messi completed the sport of soccer by winning the final trophy __10__ still excited him. * 目录 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了足球运动员Messi (梅西)的足球生涯。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．of/about　考查介词。句意：当梅西还是个在阿根廷罗萨里奥长大的小男孩时，他就一直梦想成为世界杯冠军。dream of/about doing sth “梦想做某事”。故填of/about。 2．defeated　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填defeated。 3．another　考查代词。句意：这场胜利帮助阿根廷继1986年夺冠后再次赢得世界杯。根据句意以及该句中的after their last win in 1986可知，此处表示“赢得另一个世界杯”，应用代词another。故填another。 答案 * 目录 4．has been compared　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语For a long time可知，此处应为现在完成时，主语Messi和动词compare为被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填has been compared。 5．greatest　考查形容词的最高级。句意：凭借出色的技术和伟大的成就，这两位球员都被认为是他们那个时代最伟大的球员。根据句意以及设空前的the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级greatest “最伟大的”，作定语。故填greatest。 6．to take　考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然他曾四次率领阿根廷队参加世界杯，但他的球队最好成绩只是在2014年巴西世界杯上获得亚军。lead sb to do sth “带领某人做某事”。故填to take。 答案 * 目录 7．merely　考查词性转换。此处应用副词merely作状语，修饰系动词was。故填merely。 8．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一次世界杯”；且world的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．But　考查连词。根据上文even suspected Messi didn't want to win以及下文all rumors are cleared away可知，上下文为转折关系，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填But。 10．which/that　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为final trophy，引导词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 答案 * 目录 应用文写作 (2023·陕西渭南校考期中测试)你们学校将举办英文演讲比赛，要求参赛选手向大家介绍一位自己最敬佩的人。假设你选择的人物是中国科学家屠呦呦，请写一篇演讲稿。要点如下： 1．出生：1930 年，浙江省； 2．工作：开发青蒿素，主要治疗疟疾方面的疾病； 3．成就：2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖；挽救了数百万病患的生命。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 * 目录 Good morning, everyone! ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ Thanks for your listening. * 目录 [写作指导] 本篇作文属于应用文。要求根据提示写一篇演讲稿，介绍自己最敬佩的科学家——屠呦呦。 写作指导 * 目录 [精彩范文] Good morning, everyone! I'm honored to stand here to introduce the person I admire most—Tu Youyou, who has won the Nobel Prize in medicine. Born on December 30th, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, the medical scientist and pharmaceutical chemist was admitted into Peking University in 1951, studying there for 4 years. After working hard with her team for quite a few years, she eventually developed artemisinin to treat malaria, saving the lives of millions of malaria patients, for which she got 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. I admire her not only because of her achievements, but also because she never gives up, perseveres and innovates when she encounters difficulties. Thanks for your listening. 答案 * 目录 [词汇积累]　be honored to do sth 很荣幸做某事；be admitted into 被录取进入；eventually adv. 最终；persevere v. 坚持不懈；innovate v. 创新；encounter v. 遇到 [提分句型] 1．I'm honored to stand here to introduce the person I admire most—Tu Youyou, who has won the Nobel Prize in medicine. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) 2．After working hard with her team for quite a few years, she eventually developed artemisinin to treat malaria, saving the lives of millions of malaria patients, for which she got 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. (运用了现在分词作状语和“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句) * R $$