必修3 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习创新方案课件PPT（新教材，创新版）

第一部分　教材回眸 深究核心考点 必修第三册　 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION 主题语境：人与自我——地球与宇宙奥秘探索 目录 CONTENTS 目录 1.medical procedure 医疗程序 2．a space rocket 太空火箭 3．with no gravity 在没有重力的情况下 4．a frontier town 一个边陲小镇 5．an electric vehicle 电动车辆 6．a weather satellite 气象卫星 7．the earth's orbit around the sun 地球环绕太阳的轨道 阅读识记 目录 8．a gentle giant 一位性格温和的伟人 9．a travel agency 旅行社 10．transmit data 传输数据 11．Shenzhou 17 spacecraft 神舟十七号宇宙飞船 12．the first Chinese spacewalk 中国首次太空行走 13．be carved out of jade 玉雕的 14．an unmanned module 一个无人舱 目录 15．buy a new microwave 买一个新的微波炉 16．a fatal accident 一次致命的事故 17．high­end products 高端产品 18．foam rubber 泡沫橡胶 19．bury one's face in the pillow 某人把脸埋在枕头里 目录 1.welcome the woman astronaut 欢迎女宇航员 2．launch a campaign 发起一场运动 3．for the good of all mankind 造福全人类 4．recycle useful rubbish 回收有用的垃圾 5．build up one's muscle 使肌肉发达 6．float on the surface of the water 漂浮在水面 7．beyond expectation 出乎意料 8．make full use of solar energy 充分利用太阳能 基础高频 目录 9．watch soap operas 看肥皂剧 10．a soft towel 软毛巾 11．various sports facilities 各种各样的体育设施 12．a keen gardener 一位热衷园艺的人 13．a shallow view 一个肤浅的观点 14．follow a set pattern 遵循一种固定的模式 目录 15．a smartphone operating system 智能手机操作系统 16．natural resources自然资源 17．absorb oxygen 吸收氧气 18．otherwise adv.否则；要不然 目录 1.leap n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt/leaped, leapt/leaped, leaping)　vi.& vt. 跳过；跃过 2．signal vt.& vi. 标志着；标明；发信号　n. 信号；标志 3．tissue n. 纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织 4．monitor n. 监视器；监测仪　vt. 监视；监测；监控 5．closing adj. 结尾的；结束的　n．停业；关闭；倒闭 一词多义 目录 写出下面句中黑体词的词性和含义 1．The result has been a giant leap in productivity.____________ 2．Holly waited at a stoplight, impatient for the signal to change. ____________ 3．He entered the army in the closing stages of the war. ____________ 4．The heart monitor shows low levels of consciousness. ____________ 5．The cat is playing a box of tissue. ____________ n. 剧增 n. 信号 adj. 结尾的 n. 监视器 n. 纸巾 目录 1.mental adj. 精神的；思想的→mentally adv. 精神上；心理上 2．intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n. 聪明；智慧 3．determine vt. 查明；确定；决定→determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n. 决心；果断 4．disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointment n. 失望；沮丧 5．desire n. 渴望；欲望　vt. 渴望；期望→desired adj. 渴望的；想要的 拓展变形 目录 6．universe n. 宇宙；天地万物→universal adj. 普遍的→universally adv. 普遍地 7．depend v. 依靠；依赖→independent adj. 独立的；自立的→independently adv. 独立地；自立地→independence n. 独立 8．lack n. 缺乏；短缺　vt. 没有；缺乏→lacking adj. 缺乏的；不足的 9．current adj. 当前的；现在的　n. 水流；电流；思潮；潮流→currently adv. 当前；现时 10．sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的→sufficiently adv. 足够地；充足地→insufficient adj. 不够的；不足的 目录 11．globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪→global adj. 全球的；全面的→globally adv. 全局地；全球地 12．argue vt.& vi. 论证；争辩；争论→argument n. 争论；争吵；论点→arguable adj. 可论证的 13．analyze/analyse v. 分析→analysis n．[pl.] analyses(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyst n. 分析家 14．regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的　n. 常客→irregular adj. 不规则的；不规律的→regularly adv. 经常；定期地 目录 15．limit vt.& n．限制→limited adj. 有限的→limitless adj. 无限的→limitation n. 限制；限度 16．mystery n. 神秘事物；谜→mysterious adj. 神秘的 17．attach vt. 系；绑；贴→attached adj. 附加的；附属的；依恋的 目录 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Artificial ________ has been used in phones, which makes them seem to be ________．(intelligent) 2．When asked whether he was ________ to be an astronaut, the boy just looked at me with ______________．(determine) 3．Though he was _____________ at the result of the examination, he tried to hide his __________________ in order not to discourage his son.(disappoint) intelligence intelligent determined determination disappointed disappointment 对点过关 目录 4．An ________ about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference and some people ________ that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue) 5.A person's life is ________ but knowledge is ________．(limit) 6．Actually, all of us ________ to achieve success, but sometimes our actions don't correspond with our ________．(desire) 7．Nowadays, there is often a ________ of understanding between parents and children, which might result from ________ communication.(lack) argument argued limited limitless desire desires lack lacking 目录 8．Check the oil at ___________________ intervals, and have the car serviced ________．(regular) 9．The ________ handicapped are those who have had ________ illness. (mental) 10．The ________ is ________ the ________ of the situation.(analyze) 11．He was very ___________ and I admired his ____________．(depend) 12．Thrillers and ________ novels have always had a special appeal for young readers. For them, it's a window into the ________ world of human nature.(mystery) regular regularly mentally mental analyst analyzing analysis independent independence mystery mysterious 目录 1.on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 2．figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 3．as a result 所以；结果(是) 4．in closing 最后 5．run out 用完；耗尽 6．focus on sending people into space 专注于载人太空飞行 短语忆背 * 目录 7.carry on working so hard 继续这样拼命工作 8．in the hope of being admitted to Peking University 希望能被北京大学录取 9．so as to encourage creativity 为了激发创造力 10．result in failure 导致失败 11．provide for a large population 为许多人提供生活所需 * 目录 用左栏合适的短语填空 1．All passengers ____________ are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands. 2．She said that once we determined to read a book, we had to ___________ with it. 3．He was desperate for work to ____________ a large family. 4．Our teacher demands that we should exercise for an hour every day ____________ have good health. 5．The president decided to fly there to ____________ the truth of the accident. 6．I will practise my English writing ____________ making it better. on board carry on provide for so as to figure out in the hope of 对点过关 目录 1.句式：动词不定式作后置定语 原句：Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.[P40] 之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。 2．句式：otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 原句：Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise.[P42] 宇航员们在太空工作时，将所有东西都用胶带粘住，因为不这样的话，它们就飘走了。 句式忆背 目录  3．句式：v.­ing形式作主语 原句：Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.[P44] 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。 4．句式：状语从句的省略 原句：While sleeping, they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.[P46] 睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己固定在某物上，以防止四处飘荡。 目录 1．我能说一口流利的英语，我是班上第一个出国留学深造的学生。 I could speak fluent English and I was ___________________________________ ______________________________________________________. 2.他承认自己所做的一切是明智的，否则他就会陷入一系列的麻烦之中。 It was wise of him to admit what he had done, otherwise ___________________ __________________________________________________． 3．他如此粗心，导致了不少麻烦。 ____________________ resulted in so much trouble. 4．在准备比赛时，你需要对中国故事有很多了解。 ____________________________________， you need to have much knowledge about Chinese stories. the first student in my class to go abroad for further study he would have got into a series of troubles His being so careless When/While preparing for the competition 对点过关 目录 · 用本单元词汇表中的词句和方框内的短语补全短文，并诵读！ 语篇诵读1 Fulfil the Space Dream Amelia was a very ________ (聪明的) girl. She was rather curious about the mysterious ________ (宇宙), and ________ (决定) to be a female ________ (宇航员) when she was 10 years old. Her father, an engineer in a local government _____________ (机构), encouraged her to ________________ (前进) and work towards her great dream. The two ________________ (关注；跟踪) all the news about ________ (人类的) space explorations around the ________ (全球), ____________ (例如) designing new ________ (火箭), ________ (发射) ________ (卫星) or sending astronauts into space. apply for; beyond one's reach; take part in; go ahead; such as; keep track of intelligent universe determined astronaut agency go ahead kept track of mankind's globe such as rockets launching satellites 目录 · The following eight years witnessed the girl's ____________ (坚持) learning about space and working hard for her dream. One day, to Amelia's ____________ (失望), she realized her ________ (愿望) to be an astronaut was totally ________________ (遥不可及；够不着), because her nation had no ________ (足够的) ________ (资源) to send people into space. Specifically, the ________ (目前的) ________ (设施) and technology were ________ (有限的). Later, Amelia ____________ (弄明白) the only way to board the spacecraft as an astronaut was to go across the ________ (边境) of the country for further study. At 19, Amelia managed to attend a university in Russia, majoring in physics.Her father ________ (认为……具有) great importance to her safety in another country. carrying on disappointment desire beyond her reach sufficient resources current facilities limited figured out frontier attached 目录 · He quit his job and accompanied her to Russia ________________ (以便；为了) take good care of her. ____________________ (抱着……的希望) being selected, Amelia ____________ (申请) one of Russia's space programs according to ________ (常规的) ________ (程序) several times. Meanwhile, she ________________ (参加) some space training in zero ________ (重力), since she knew clearly that one must be both physically and ________ (精神上) strong to be an astronaut. so as to In the hope of applied for regular procedures took part in gravity mentally 目录 · 译文 实现太空梦 阿米莉亚是一个非常聪明的女孩。她对神秘的宇宙相当好奇，10岁时就决心要成为一名女宇航员。她的父亲是当地政府机构的一名工程师，他鼓励她持续前进，去实现她的伟大梦想。父女二人时常关注全球的有关人类探索太空的所有消息，比如新型火箭的设计、卫星的发射或将宇航员送入太空之类的新闻。接下来的八年，她一直坚持学习太空知识，不断为梦想而努力。一天，令阿米莉亚失望的是，她意识到她想成为一名宇航员的愿望完全遥不可及，因为她的国家没有足够的资源把人送上太空。确切地说，目前的设施和技术很有限。后来，阿米莉亚想明白 译文 目录 · 了，成为宇航员登上太空飞船的唯一途径是跨过国家边境到别的国家进一步深造。19岁时，阿米莉亚成功考入俄罗斯的一所大学，主修物理专业。她的父亲认为她在别的国家的安全是非常重要的，所以他辞去了工作，陪女儿去了俄罗斯，以便能好好地照顾她。抱着被选上的希望，阿米莉亚按常规程序多次申请了俄罗斯的一项太空计划。同时，她也参加了一些在零重力环境下的太空模拟训练，因为她清楚地知道，要成为一名宇航员，一个人在身体和精神上都必须足够强大。 译文 目录 · 语篇诵读2 An Unforgettable Space Travel I was the founder of a space travel company which ________________ (能够) sending tourists into space within the ____________ (太阳系) ___________ (独立地). We had three ________ (模式) of travelling in space: circling the earth, having a spacewalk, and touring a space station. We had colleagues ________ (监测) the condition of the spacecraft during the whole trip, and had ____________ (为……做好准备) any possible emergency. Immediate measures would be taken if there was any ________ (迹象) of danger. Besides, we offered necessary daily items to our guests: food, fruit, ________ (毛巾), ________ (纸巾), water, ________ (氧气) etc. be eager to; be capable of; in vain; in person was capable of solar system independently patterns monitor provided for signal towels tissues oxygen 目录 · As the founder of the company, I decided to experience and check the whole journey ________________ (亲自). I got on the ________ (载具；车辆) called SpaceQ and had my lovely pet Mallorie ____________ (在宇宙飞船上) too. It didn't take long before we ________ (环绕……运行) the earth, which was really amazing. Due to ________ (缺乏) of experience, I had considerable difficulty completing my spacewalk. Mallorie ________________ (渴望……) have a try too. Without the notice of our crew, Mallorie suddenly ran out of the capsule with no safety rope. ________________ (结果；因此), my Mallorie just floated away. I was in a terrible panic and tried hard to get Mallorie back, but ____________ (徒劳). ____________ (最后), I had to give up, as my oxygen was ____________ (用完；用光). Back to earth, in grief, we reflected on what ____________ (导致) the accident and determined to work out strict safety regulations and rules. in person vehicle on board orbited lack was eager to As a result in vain In closing running out resulted in 目录 · 译文 一次难忘的太空旅行 我是一家太空旅行公司的创始人。我们公司能够独立地将游客送入太阳系范围内的太空。我们的太空旅行有三种模式：环绕地球、太空行走和游览空间站。我们的工作人员全程监测航天器的状况并为任何可能的紧急情况做好准备。如果有任何危险的迹象，我们将立即采取措施。此外，我们还为旅客提供必备的日常用品，像食物、水果、毛巾、纸巾、水、氧气等等。 译文 目录 · 作为公司的创始人，我决定亲自体验并检测一下整个旅程。我登上了一辆叫作SpaceQ的宇宙飞船载具，我可爱的宠物迈尔瑞也在宇宙飞船上。没过多久，我们就开始环绕地球飞行了，这真是太神奇了。由于缺乏经验，我在完成太空行走这一项目上遇到了相当大的困难。而迈尔瑞也渴望试一试。趁全体人员没注意，迈尔瑞在没有拴安全绳的情况下，突然窜出了太空舱。结果，迈尔瑞就这样漂走了。我惊慌失措，拼命想救回它，但没能成功。最后，因为我的氧气快用完了，我不得不放弃。回到地球后，我们在悲痛中反思导致这起事故的原因，并决心制定严格的安全规章制度。 译文 目录 目录 · 1.disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的→disappoint vt. (使)失望→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointment n. 失望，沮丧 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Judging from his ________________ look, his boss ____________________ with his ____________________ performance; so to his ____________________, his request was turn down. (disappoint) disappointed was disappointed disappointing disappointment 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/句式转换 ❷他脸上掠过失望的神色。(读后续写之神情描写) ____________________________________ flashed across his face. ❸听了这话，他垂下眼睛，显然很失望。(读后续写之神情描写) Hearing this, he lowered his eyes, ____________________________． ❹To their disappointment, they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt. →________________________________________________________ was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(what引导的主语从句) →They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt, ____________________________________________________．(非限制性定语从句) A look of disappointment obviously disappointed What made them disappointed/What disappointed them which made them disappointed/which disappointed them 目录 · 归纳拓展 •be disappointed at/with/by ... 对……感到失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望 be disappointed that ... 对……失望 • to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 目录 · 2.desire n. 渴望；欲望　vt. 渴望；期望→desirable adj. 令人向往的；值得拥有的 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶The boy has a strong desire ____________ a smartphone with a large internal memory to play games. for 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❷得知你很想学好汉语，我想给你提供一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信) Knowing that you ________________________________________ learn Chinese well, I'd like to offer you some suggestions. ❸阅读是我们生活中重要的一部分，阅读满足了我们不断学习的愿望。(应用文写作之语言学习) Reading is a vital part of our lives, ________________________________________ to keep learning. desire to/have a strong desire to which satisfies/meets our desire 目录 · 归纳拓展 •have a (strong) desire to do sth (强烈)渴望做某事 have a (strong) desire for sth (强烈)渴望得到某物 satisfy/meet one's desire 满足某人的愿望/欲望 •desire (sb) to do sth 渴望(某人)做某事 desire that ... (should) do ... 渴望…… [名师点津]　desire作动词，后接宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“(should) ＋动词原形”。此外，desire作名词其后接主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时也要用虚拟语气。 目录 · 3.signal vt.& vi. 标志着；标明；发信号　n. 信号；标志 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶When she got up from the table, it was obviously the signal for us ________________ (leave)． [落笔华章]　完成句子/语段填空 ❷正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(应用文写作之节日介绍) The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, ____________________________ the Spring Festival celebrations.(分词作状语) to leave signal(l)ing the end of 目录 · ❸铃声响起，标志着学校放学了，学生们站起来，抓起书包，像箭一样冲出了教室。(读后续写之动作链描写) The bell ________________________________, and the students rose to their feet, seized their schoolbags and rushed out of the classroom like arrows. ❹司机抱起受伤的男孩，把他放到车里，迅速将他送往医院。幸运的是，一路上交通信号灯畅通无阻。(读后续写之动作链描写) The driver lifted up the injured boy, placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital. Fortunately, ____________________________________________． signal(l)ed that school was over the traffic signals were clear all the way 目录 · 归纳拓展 •signal at sb 朝某人打手势 signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal (to sb) that ... 示意(某人)…… •a signal (for sb) to do sth (某人)做某事的信号 traffic signals 交通信号灯 send out a signal 发出信号 send signals to sb/sth 向……发信号 目录 · 4.lack n. 缺乏；短缺　vt. 没有；缺乏→lacking adj. 不足的；缺乏的 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Though ________________ (lack) cooking experience, the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. [落笔华章]　完成句子/一句多译 ❷健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。(应用文写作之健康生活) Health problems are closely connected with ______________________________． lacking bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise 目录 · ❸由于缺乏自信和经验，我完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。(应用文写作之求助信) ____________________ confidence and experience, I was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(介词短语) ＝________________ confidence and experience, I was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. (分词作状语) ＝____________________ confidence and experience, I was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(原因状语从句) For lack of Lacking As I lacked 目录 · 归纳拓展 •for lack of 因缺乏…… a lack of 缺乏…… •lack＋n. 缺乏…… lack for＋n.(多用于否定句中)需求；需要 •be lacking in 缺少…… [名师点津]　①lack作名词时常与介词of连用。 ②lack作及物动词时，后面直接加宾语；作不及物动词时，后面常与介词for连用。 目录 · 5.argue vi.& vt. (argued, argued, arguing) 论证；争辩；争论；主张；说服→argument n. 争论；争吵；论点 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶The reason why he had an ________________ (argue) with his wife was that their money was running out. ❷He often argues ____________ his son ________________ recycling water so as to cut down the water bill. ❸They argued him into ________________ (take) exercise on a regular basis. argument with about/over taking 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❹他鼓励我并主张我应该独自完成该课题。 He encouraged me and ___________________________________________． ❺每个人都有责任保护环境，这是无可争辩的。(应用文写作之环境保护) ______________________________that everyone has the responsibility to protect the environment. argued that I should work on the project alone It is beyond argument 目录 · 归纳拓展 •argue with sb about/over sth 因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against (doing) sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事 argue that ... 主张……；认为…… argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 •beyond argument 无可争辩 目录 · 6.attach vt. 系；绑；贴；把……固定；重视→attached adj. 附加的；依恋的，爱慕的→attachment n. 附件；附属物；依恋 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Please find my application letter and resume in the __________________ (attach)． ❷To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to __________________ (become) rich and famous. ❸With time going by, Claire seemed to be more __________________ (attach) to Tony, the robot. attachment becoming attached 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❹在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(应用文写作之建议信) You ___________________________________________________ during the process of learning a language. ❺她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，上面写着“生日快乐”。(读后续写之场景描写) She found a box lying on the table ____________________________________, saying “Happy birthday”． can never attach too much importance to reading with a card attached to it 目录 · ❻他拿出吊床，拴在树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。(读后续写之动作链描写) He took out the hammock, _________________________________ and lay in it comfortably, listening to his favorite music. attached it to the tree 目录 · 归纳拓展 •attach ... to ... 把……附在……上；把……绑在……上 attach (great/much) importance/significance/value/weight to ... 认为……(很)有重要性/意义/价值/分量 •be attached to 喜欢，依恋；附属于 目录 · 7.result in 导致；造成 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶As a result, he was right and we have become good friends since then. ❷Millions will face starvation next year as a result of the drought. [落笔华章]　完成句子/句式转换 ❸由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。 Misunderstandings ________________________________________________, if not handled properly, may ____________________________________． resulting from lack of social communication result in serious problems 目录 · ❹我也知道那是没有结果的，但我已没有后路可退。 I also know that is ________________________, but there is no room for me. ❺As far as I'm concerned, her failure in the competition resulted from her casual attitude.(应用文写作之观点表述) →As far as I'm concerned, her casual attitude _____________________ her failure in the competition. without result resulted in 目录 · 归纳拓展 •result from＝arise from 由……造成；因……而产生 result in 导致(某种结果) •as a result/consequence 结果；因此 as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 [名师点津]　①result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”。 ②result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。 ③表示“导致”的词语还有cause, lead to, contribute to等。 目录 · 8.run out 用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态) [语基护航]　对比填空(run out/run out of/use up/give out)/用run的相关短语填空 ❶First, food and drinking water had been ______________________________ before we reached the destination. Then, my husband was driving fast when the car suddenly broke down. It turned out that the gas had __________________. So we had to walk along the road until our strength ______________________________. We finally reached a small hotel but unfortunately, we found we had _________________________ our money. ❷The moment we ____________________________________ a cute wild rabbit, we rode our horses and ________________________ it in excitement. used up/run out of run/given out gave out used up/run out of ran across/into ran after 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/一句多译 ❸简耗尽了精力和耐心，放弃了沿着小溪边散步，睡着了。(读后续写之动作描写) ______________________________, Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell asleep. ❹在未来，爱护环境将变得很重要，因为地球的自然资源濒临枯竭。(应用文写作之环境保护) In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources ____________________________________． Running out of energy and patience are running out 目录 · ❺如果我们继续这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。(应用文写作之倡议书) If we keep using the water like this, we will soon __________________ it. ＝If we keep using the water like this, it'll soon __________________． ＝If we keep using the water like this, we will soon ________________________． ＝If we keep using the water like this, it'll soon __________________． run out of it run out use it up give out 目录 · 归纳拓展 •run out of 用完；用尽 give out 用完；用尽；筋疲力尽 use up 用完；用尽 •run across 偶然遇见 run into 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难、问题等) run for 竞选；匆匆去取 run after 追逐；追求 [名师点津]　①run out of, use up是及物动词短语，用人作主语。 ②run out是不及物动词短语，用物作主语。 ③give out是不及物动词短语，表示物“用完”或人“筋疲力尽”。 目录 · 9.otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 [教材原句]　Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise.[P42] 宇航员们在太空工作时，不得不将所有东西都用胶带粘住，因为不这样的话，它们就飘走了。 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶I have no money on me now, otherwise I ________________________ (lend) some to you. ❷Hurry up, otherwise we ________________________ (miss) the last bus. would lend will miss 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸我们不知道你当时遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。 We didn't know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise ____________________ _______________________________________． ❹抓住机会，否则你就不会欣赏到美丽的中国传统画了。(应用文写作之倡议书) Seize the chance, otherwise __________________________________________ _________________________________________________________． we would have given you a hand you will not enjoy the beautiful traditional Chinese paintings 目录 · 归纳拓展 •otherwise 用作连词时，有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟条件，此时其后的句子用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用“would/could have done”；表示对现在的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用“would/could do”。 •otherwise还常用于句型“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”。 目录 · 10.动名词(短语)作主语 [教材原句]　Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.[P44] 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶__________________ (have) a positive attitude to study is the reason why I respect you. ❷In my opinion, it is a waste of time __________________ (play) computer games. Having playing 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/语段填空 ❸再次考试不及格使他情绪低落，他羞愧地低着头。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写) __________________________________________ made him low in spirits and he hung down his head in shame. ❹在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼。但我知道害怕是没有用的，找到走出森林的路才是我现在必须要做的事情。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) ____________________________________________________________________ made my heart in my mouth. But I knew that _______________________________ and ________________________________________________ was what I must do right now. His failing in the exam again Being lost in the forest it was no use feeling frightened finding my way out of the forest 目录 · 归纳拓展 exploring space 为动名词短语作主语。动名词(短语)作主语还有以下两种情况： (1)it作形式主语 It is no use/no good/useless doing sth 做某事没用 It is a waste of time doing sth 做某事浪费时间 (2)动名词的复合结构作主语，即“名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋v.－ing”作主语。 目录 目录 在主旨大意类题中，文章大意题为低频考点。解答此类试题，可用“定位主题寻主旨”的方法，即找到文章的主题句，辅以概括或整合的方法。其具体方法如下： •找主题句 1．主题句在开头：总—分(—总)结构，先摆出主题句，后面内容围绕主题句展开叙述(多用于说明文、议论文)。 2．主题句在结尾：分—总结构，开头阐述细节或举例论证，最后总结，归纳出主题句(多用于记叙文)。 3．主题句在中间：分—总—分结构，开头列举事例，通过事例得出结论(即主题句)，后面进行延伸拓展。 * 目录 4．无主题句：文章(或段落)中没有主题句，但是可以通过一些关键词归纳出段落主题，再将各段落主题进行整合，就可以了解文章主旨。 •四个小窍门 1．段落中有表示转折的词汇(如：however, but, in fact, actually等)时，该句很可能是主题句。 2．首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能是文章主旨句。 3．作者有意识地重复的观点，反复出现的词汇，通常体现文章主旨。 4．表示总结或概括的句子常包含therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。 * 目录 限时：8分钟　正确率： ________ (2023·浙江高考1月·B)Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon． * 目录 I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I've learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not­always­supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. * 目录 Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn't need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. * 目录 As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you're doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won't do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者如何在家人不完全理解和支持的情况下，践行自己的环保理念。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A．Share an apartment with you. B．Join you in what you're doing. C．Transform your way of living. D．Help you to make the decision. 答案： B　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前文“Chances are that ... ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段最后一句“I've learned ... household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中，正在尽力去弄清楚如何做出改变，我希望这些东西会让你感到鼓舞。)”可推知，画线部分与B项(加入你正在做的事情。)意思接近。故选B。 答案 * 目录 2．What was the attitude of the author's father toward buying groceries with jars? A．He disapproved of it. B．He was favorable to it. C．He was tolerant of it. D．He didn't care about it. 答案： A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere”可知，作者的父亲并不支持自带容器去购物这件事。故选A。 答案 * 目录 3．What can we infer about the author? A．She is quite good at cooking. B．She respects others' privacy. C．She enjoys being a housewife. D．She is a determined person. 答案： D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle ... like me.”可推知，为了环保，五年前作者与父母磨合，后来又和丈夫磨合，可见其意志坚定。故选D。 答案 * 目录 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How to get on well with other family members. B．How to have one's own personal space at home. C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D．How to control the budget when buying groceries. 答案： C　主旨大意题。文章介绍了在与家人共同生活时，作者是如何践行自己的零浪费生活方式的。故选C。 答案 * 目录 行文脉络 技法复现 * 目录 障碍词 1．radical adj. 根本的，彻底的；激进的，极端的；全新的，不同凡响的 2．trash n. 垃圾，废物；没出息的人；劣质的东西，(尤指)拙劣的作品　v. 损坏，毁坏；抨击，谴责；丢弃，去除 3．portion n. 一份；一部分　v. 把……分成若干份 * 目录 长难句 As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you're doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. 译文：当你改变自己的生活方式时，你可能会发现，如果别人对你的所作所为发表评论，你会想为自己说话，这可能会变成整个家庭的争论。 分析：As引导时间状语从句；if引导条件状语从句，其中包含what引导的宾语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，用来修饰前面的整句话。 * 目录 目录 阅读 A (2024·湖南永州高三一模)There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristotle 主题 对人类思考宇宙影响重大的书籍 难易度 易 建议用时 6分钟 * 目录 Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years.Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. * 目录 The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三本对人类思考我们在宇宙中的位置和目的的方式产生重大影响的书籍。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A．It is banned from printing. B．It mainly focuses on philosophy. C．It is used by many schools today. D．It has proven almost completely wrong. 答案： D　细节理解题。根据On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristotle部分中的“Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.”可知，On the Heavens这本书几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的。故选D。 答案 * 目录 2．What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A．They revealed the truth of the universe. B．They are master works of the same era. C．They explored the center of the universe. D．They regard the universe as an integrated system. 答案： C　细节理解题。根据On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristotle部分中的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book.”以及The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus部分中的“In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe.”可知，On the Heavens和The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres两本书的共同点是它们探索了宇宙的中心。故选C。 答案 * 目录 3．Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A．On the Heavens. B．Physical Geography. C．The Mechanism of the Heavens. D．The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. 答案： C　细节理解题。根据The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville部分中的“It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.”可知，The Mechanism of the Heavens这本书证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性，能给投身科学的女性带来更多动力。故选C。 答案 * 目录 B (2023·海南省高考全真模拟卷)As the race to launch space tourism flights continues in the United States, two small American towns have entered the action. On Tuesday, American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company Blue Origin. Three other people took the quick trip with him: 主题 太空旅游航班的竞赛 难易度 中 建议用时 6分钟 * 目录 Bezos' brother, a Dutch teenager and an 82－year­old pilot. The space tourism trips permit passengers to experience weightlessness and observe Earth for a few minutes after crossing into space. On July 11, British billionaire Richard Branson made an analogous trip. He flew on a rocket plane built by the company he founded, Virgin Galactic. Two pilots and three company officials joined him. The flights by Branson and Bezos officially launched a new industry that promises any citizen the chance to visit space. Such trips will be costly, however. Virgin Galactic's price for a single flight is $250，000 and Blue Origin has not yet announced its rate. * 目录 Both businesses established operating bases called “spaceports”. Virgin Galactic's Spaceport America is in the desert near the town of Las Cruces, New Mexico. About 5，800 people live in the town. Blue Origin's New Shepard flight operations center is outside the town of Van Horn, Texas, home to about 1，800 people. A pizza shop owner in Van Horn, Jesus Ramirez, watched the launch, which he called “a ride only for the wealthy”. However, Ramirez said he hoped Blue Origin would bring other companies to the town and increase business for existing local companies. Valentina Muro works at a local restaurant in Van Horn. She said this event had kind of put Van Horn on the map a little more than it was. * 目录 The town's economy mainly depends on tourists visiting its hot mineral springs and nearby Elephant Butte lake. Now locals are hoping Virgin Galactic will draw a continuous flow of visitors to support the local economy. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国举行的发射太空旅游航班的竞赛，期望太空旅游航班给当地的旅游业带来好处。 语篇导读 * 目录 4．What do we know about Jeff Bezos and Richard Branson? A．They both have a company that makes space vehicles. B．They traveled in space at great risk. C．They both have rich pilot experiences. D．They brought their relatives into space. 答案： A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“On Tuesday, American billionaire Jeff Bezos flew to the edge of space on a rocket built by his company Blue Origin.”以及第四段中的“He flew on a rocket plane built by the company he founded, Virgin Galactic.”可知，Jeff Bezos (杰夫·贝佐斯)和Richard Branson (理查德·布兰森)都有一家制造太空飞行器的公司。故选A。 答案 * 目录 5．What does the underlined word “analogous” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Costly. B．Similar. C．Exciting. D．Dangerous. 答案： B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“He flew on a rocket plane ... company officials joined him.(他乘坐的火箭飞机是由他创立的维珍银河公司制造的。两名飞行员和三名公司管理人员加入了他的行列。)”可推知，画线词所在句的意思是：7月11日，英国亿万富翁Richard Branson也进行了和第二段中Jeff Bezos的太空旅行类似的旅行。画线词意为“相似的”。故选B。 答案 * 目录 6．What's Ramirez's attitude towards Blue Origin's business? A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring. C．Disapproving. D．Positive. 答案： D　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“However, Ramirez said he hoped Blue Origin would bring other companies to the town and increase business for existing local companies.”可知，Ramirez (拉米雷斯)对蓝色起源公司的业务的态度是积极的。故选D。 答案 * 目录 7．What do locals expect Virgin Galactic to do? A．Build more restaurants. B．Make their town more famous. C．Bring benefit to their tourism. D．Improve the local environment. 答案： C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Now locals are hoping Virgin Galactic will draw a continuous flow of visitors to support the local economy.”可知，当地人期望维珍银河公司给他们的旅游业带来好处。故选C。 答案 * 目录 七选五 (2023·山东省潍坊市全国统一考试模拟卷)“75 years after humans successfully put their first object into space, it's much easier to launch a satellite, but a lot messier once we're up there.” 1 There are around 5，000 satellites in orbit with fewer than half actually working. When a satellite stops functioning, it keeps orbiting at very high speeds, making a great threat for the useful ones. 主题 太空垃圾现状 难易度 中 建议用时 7分钟 * 目录 So space sustainability has become a big concern. 2 One suggested solution is to refuel the dead satellites and bring them back to life. Another concept is to use a robot with four arms to catch a dead satellite before pulling it into the atmosphere to burn it up. 3 Operating a robot from hundreds of miles away is tough. And the world hasn't yet reached a consensus (共识) on why we should clear the space junk and there are no real rules that govern how we work out there. First why should we keep things clean in orbit? We use satellites to check the weather, find our way around, and for financial purposes. Space data gives us not just beautiful pictures of the earth, but also information about climate change, natural disasters and other things that can help humans with earthbound challenges. 4 * 目录 Then how can we humans think as one big community? Governments should make powerful regulations. Companies ought to engage in shared practices and scientists are expected to think up practical methods. 5 Only in this way can we keep those orbital highways open for the next generation and beyond before they are deadly blocked by space junk. A．They provide services closely related to our life. B．This is hard both technically and politically, though. C．Anyway, we should quicken the pace of clearing up. D．Space is getting increasingly crowded and dangerous. * 目录 E．So we depend largely on space and it needs to be tidied up. F．Scientists are struggling for strategies to tackle the problem. G．All of these have been integrated into the solutions we really need. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾现状并呼吁全球共同清除太空垃圾。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．D　根据下文“There are around 5，000 satellites ... making a great threat for the useful ones.”可知，下文主要讲述了太空垃圾威胁其他有用卫星。D项(太空越来越拥挤和危险。)引出下文。故选D。 2．F　根据下文“One suggested solution is ... to burn it up.”可知，下文在讲解决太空中垃圾的方案。F项(科学家们正在努力寻找解决这个问题的策略。)引出下文。故选F。 3．B　根据下文“Operating a robot ... how we work out there.”可知，下文主要讲清理垃圾在技术和政治上的困难。B项(但这在技术上和政治上都很困难。)引出下文。故选B。 答案 * 目录 4．E　上文提到太空数据不仅为我们提供了地球的美丽图片，还提供了有关气候变化，自然灾害和其他可以帮助人类应对地球挑战的信息。E项(因此，我们在很大程度上依赖于太空，需要对其进行清理。)承接上文。故选E。 5．G　上文提到人类要能作为一个大社区来思考，政府应该制定强有力的法规，公司应该参与共同的实践，科学家应该想出切实可行的方法。G项(所有这些都已整合到我们真正需要的解决方案中。)承接上文。故选G。 答案 * 目录 语法填空 (2024·吉林长春外国语学校高三期中考试) Pooling Wisdom of the People Breeds Success Chinese idiom is one of the priceless legacies deeply rooted in traditional culture, making Chinese language more 1 (power), more functional and thus, more fascinating. 主题 成语“集思广益”的含义与运用 难易度 中 建议用时 9分钟 * 目录 Pooling collective wisdom or “Ji Si Guang Yi”， one of Chinese 2 (idiom), can better ensure success, reminding people to humbly listen to others' advice 3 they make major decisions. The idea was first proposed by Zhuge Liang, 4 renowned military strategist during the Three Kingdom Period (220－280). “One who 5 (hold) office should pool the ideas and wisdom of the people and 6 (extensive) draw on all well­intended and useful views，” wrote Zhuge Liang in his article, “Instructions to Subjects and Officials.” Today, the expression 7 (develop) into an effective way to improve working efficiency and show respect for the opinions of the masses. All the opinions and ideas 8 (collect) from others can give the decision maker a more comprehensive picture of the current situation and help him or her make a correct decision. * 目录 Listening humbly to others' opinions, especially those 9 differ from one's own, can help one improve the initiative, wisdom and power of the masses. The method has been adopted by the Chinese people in their decision­making in daily life 10 (secure) success. 1._____________________ 2._____________________ 3._____________________ 4._____________________ 5._____________________ 6._____________________ 7._____________________ 8._____________________ 9._____________________ 10._____________________ 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成语“集思广益”。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．powerful　考查词性转换。句意：汉语成语是深深植根于传统文化的无价遗产之一，它使汉语更强大、更实用，从而更具魅力。设空处应用形容词作宾语补足语。故填powerful。 2．idioms　考查名词。“one of ＋名词复数”表示“……中的一个”。故填idioms。 3．before　考查状语从句的引导词。句意：“集思广益”，中国的成语之一，它能更好地保证成功，提醒人们在做重大决定之前要虚心听取别人的建议。设空处应用before引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”。故填before。 4．a　考查冠词。设空处泛指“一位著名的军事战略家”，且renowned的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 答案 * 目录 5．holds　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语who指代先行词One，为单数意义，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填holds。 6．extensively　考查词性转换。设空处应用副词修饰后文动词词组draw on。故填extensively。 7．has developed　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。强调这一成语对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为 the expression，助动词应用has。故填has developed。 8．collected　考查非谓语动词。名词the opinions and ideas与collect之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填collected。 答案 * 目录 9．which/that　考查定语从句的引导词。those指前面提到的opinions，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用which/that引导。故填which/that。 10．to secure　考查非谓语动词。设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to secure。 答案 * 目录 应用文写作 (2023·广东省梅州市一模)前不久，你校学生一同观看了神舟飞船发射直播，大家备受鼓舞。为使学生了解更多的航天知识，你校决定举行一次关于航天科学的讲座，假设你是国际学校的学生会主席李华，请用英语写一则书面通知，内容包括： 1．讲座的时间、地点； 2．讲座的目的及内容； 3．希望同学们踊跃参加。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 * 目录 Notice ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ Student Union * 目录 [写作指导]　本篇作文属于应用文。为了使学生了解更多的航天知识，学校决定举行一次关于航天科学的讲座，由此要求写一则书面通知。内容包括：讲座的时间、地点、目的、内容以及希望学生们踊跃参加。 写作指导 * 目录 [精彩范文] Notice Aimed at enabling students to acquire more knowledge about space flight, a lecture themed on space science will be held in the school hall at 2 o'clock this Friday afternoon and will last two hours. The lecture mainly consists of three parts, the first of which is a brief introduction of the history, recent launch as well as development trends of space flight in our country. The second part presented by the same experts will deal with the related scientific benefits. Additionally the third part highlights interaction, where participants can ask questions they are curious about further arousing their enthusiasm in space exploration and raising awareness of the importance of scientific innovation. Those interested in the lecture are highly welcome to take part. Student Union 答案 * 目录 [词汇积累]　acquire v. 获得；consist of 由……组成；deal with 处理；highlight v. 突出，强调；be curious about 对……好奇；arouse enthusiasm 激发热情；raise awareness 增强意识 [提分句型] 1．The lecture mainly consists of three parts, the first of which is a brief introduction of the history, recent launch as well as development trends of space flight in our country. (运用了介词＋关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) 2．Additionally the third part highlights interaction, where participants can ask questions they are curious about further arousing their enthusiasm in space exploration and raising awareness of the importance of scientific innovation. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句和省略that/which的定语从句) * R $$