必修3 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CUL TURES-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习创新方案课件PPT（新教材，创新版）

第一部分　教材回眸 深究核心考点 必修第三册　 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CUL TURES 主题语境：人与社会——文化多样性 目录 CONTENTS 目录 1.fortune cookie 幸运曲奇 2．chips covered in cheese 裹着奶酪的土豆条 3．spicy food 辛辣的食物 4．ethnic festival 民族节日 5．graffiti art 涂鸦艺术 6．comic art 漫画艺术 7．illegal immigrants 非法移民 8．beautiful china plates 美丽的瓷盘 阅读识记 目录 9．a jazz bar 一家爵士乐酒吧 10．the Atlantic 大西洋 11．a pair of faded blue jeans 一条褪色的蓝色牛仔裤 12．a pair of black leather boots 一双黑皮靴 13．fried mushrooms 油炸蘑菇 14．bathroom accessory 卫浴配件 15．go to the souvenir shops 去纪念品商店 16．Chinese herbal medicine 中药；中草药 目录 1.a good idea occurred to sb 某人想到了一个好主意 2．hang around the downtown 在市中心闲逛 3．space mission 太空/航天任务 4．financial district 金融区 5．seek tutorial guidance 寻求助教的指导 6．select a Cantonese restaurant 选择一家广东餐馆 7．draw a diagram 画一个图表 基础高频 目录 8．academic journal 学术期刊；学术刊物 9．a poetry reading 诗歌朗诵会 10．a super idea 一个超好的想法 11．the percentage of girls in engineering工科女生的比例 12．get used to the climate here 习惯了这里的气候 13．an item of clothing 一件衣服 14．afterwards adv.以后；后来 目录 1.chip n．(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片 2．earn vt.& vi. 挣得；赚得；赢得；博得 3．claim vt.& n. 夺取(生命)；宣称；断言；索回；索要，索赔；认领 4．escape vi.& vt. 逃走；逃脱；避开　vt.被忘掉　n. 逃跑；逃脱；解脱 5．material n. 材料；布料；素材　adj. 物质的；实际的 一词多义 目录 写出下面句中黑体词的词性和含义 1．The new chip will be made from a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.____________ 2．I hear you had a very narrow escape on the bridge. ____________ 3．Now they are returning to claim what was theirs. ____________ 4．Companies must earn a reputation for honesty. ____________ 5．In my version of the story, I added some new material. ____________ n. 芯片 n. 逃脱 vt. 索回 vt. 赢得 n. 素材 目录 1.diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的→diversity n. 差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性 2．fortune n．机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv. 幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 3．admit vi.& vt. 承认　vt. 准许进入(或加入)→admission n. 准入；准许；承认；入场费；门票费 4．definite adj. 确实的→definitely adv. 肯定；确实 5．history n. 历史→historical adj.(有关)历史的→historic adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的 拓展变形 目录 6．minor adj. 较小的→minority n. 少数民族；少数派；少数人 7．finance n. 财政，财政学；金融→financial adj. 财政的；财务的；金融的→financially adv. 财政上；金融上 8．poison n. 毒物；毒药；毒素　vt. 毒死；毒害→poisonous adj. 引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的 9．fold vt. 包；裹；折叠　vt.& vi. (可)折小；(可)叠平→unfold v．(使)展开；打开 10．collect vt. 收集，收藏→collection n. 作品集；收集物；收藏品 目录 11．mild adj. 温和的；和善的；轻微的→mildly adv. 温和地；和善地；轻微地 12．settle vt.& vi. 定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settler n. 移民；殖民者→settlement n. 定居点；清算；解决 13．construct vt. 修建；建造→construction n. 建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构 14．suit vt. 适合；满足……需要；相配；合身　n. 西服；套装→suitable adj. 合适的 15．contain vt. 包含；含有；容纳→container n. 容器 16．neat adj. 极好的；整洁的；整齐的→neatly adv. 极好地；整洁地；整齐地 目录 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．There are ________ cultures in our country, and it's the ________ that makes our motherland wonderful.(diverse) 2．He went to America to seek his ________ and imagined he would be very ________， but _____________， he couldn't even make ends meet.(fortune) 3．With the problems ________， they finally reached a new ________．(settle) diverse diversity fortune fortunate unfortunately settled settlement 对点过关 目录 4．The workers are ______________ the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge under ____________ connects the road with the town. (construct) 5．Tom applied for ________ to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't ________ into it at last. (admit) 6.I don't have anything ________ to wear for the party, so I must buy an evening dress that ________ me perfectly. (suit) 7．Equip the room with ________ exhaust device to exhaust the ________ gases timely out of the room.(poison) constructing construction admission admitted suitable suits poison poisonous 目录 8．This kind of tool kit is convenient to ________ and ________， which is easy to be ________ to a little pack and fastened to your belt.(fold) 9．The best way to ________ them is to have a special album to put your ________ in and to write what each thing means to you. (collect) 10．This is a ________ building that was firstly set up in 1848 and witnesses many important events in Chile's ________．(history) fold unfold folded collect collection historic history 目录 1.a real mix of cultures 一种真正的文化融合 2．seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 3．earn a living 谋生 4．apart from 除了……外(还)；此外 5．a very popular tourist draw 一个非常受欢迎的旅游景点 6．to name but a few 仅举几例 短语忆背 * 目录 7．(at) first hand 第一手；亲自 8．head to a local museum 前往当地的博物馆 9．bring about economic recovery 导致经济的复苏 10．series of accidents 一系列事故 * 目录 用左栏合适的短语填空 1．The Smiths visited many places in China, including Beijing, Shanghai and Chengdu, ________________． 2．Mr King wrote ____________ short stories based on the life of his neighbor. 3．If we get over this thought and have a try, then we are ____________ the road of success. 4．In my opinion, it is important for children to see their parents work ____________． 5．In China, a great many parents leave their children at home in order to ____________. to name but a few series of heading to first hand earn a living 对点过关 目录 1.句式：what引导宾语从句 原句：No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California.[P27] 没有人确切地知道第一批人是什么时候到达我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚的。 2．句式：感叹句 原句：And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.[P28] 多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座在1906年大地震后重建的城市。 句式忆背 目录 3．句式：独立主格结构 原句：There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills ... [P28] 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅…… 4．句式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 原句：The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English fluently.[P32] 如今唐人街的大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。 目录 根据左栏句式和中文提示完成句子 1．我有妻子和两个孩子，我们靠我挣的钱勉强糊口。 I have a wife and two children and we live from hand to mouth on ________________. 2．主题为“自律”的调查多么有意义、多么重要呀！ ________________________________ with a theme of self­discipline! what I earn What a meaningful and important survey 对点过关 目录 3．完成当天的课程后，学生们从文法学校回到家。 The children went home from the grammar school, _________________________． 4．据报道，在我家乡正建设的两所学校明年都会开放。 It is reported that two schools, ________________________ in my hometown, will open next year. their lessons finished for the day both of which are being built 目录 · 用本单元词汇表中的词句和方框内的短语补全短文，并诵读！ 语篇诵读1 Mickey's Adventure in New York Sitting in the corner of the house were Mickey and his father. The son was saying goodbye to his father before ____________ (前往) New York to ________________ (寻找发财的机会) there. Mickey was born and ____________ (养育) in this deserted house and it had never ____________ (想到) him that he would leave one day. However, it was rather hard for them to ________________ (谋生) here. People here were poor and mean to mice, making the two suffer hunger and experience narrow ________ (逃脱) set off; bring up; can't agree more; range from ... to ...; now and then heading to seek his fortune brought up occurred to earn a living escapes 目录 · _____________________ (时不时地). With a slice of _______________ (奶酪), Mickey ____________________ (出发). After taking _______________________ (一系列) vehicles _______________________ trains _________________ (从……到……应有尽有) cars, Mickey managed to arrive in New York on a cold night. The moment he slipped out of the ________ (后备厢) of a car, he was immediately attracted by sweet smells of tasty dishes in the air. “This is ________ (绝对) a great place，” he thought. now and then cheese set off series of ranging from to boot definitely 目录 · Without being noticed, Mickey ________ (选择) a noisy ________ (酒吧) playing ________ (爵士乐) music loudly and hopped in quickly. ________ (后来), Mickey found his way to the basement of the bar where he met Jimmy. This newly－made friend drew a ________ (图表) to offer a brief introduction of the place to Mickey. This ________ (地区) featured various stores, bars and restaurants, well displaying ________ (多种多样的) cultures of different ________ (民族的) groups. Jimmy even ________ (宣称) proudly that it was the most ideal home for mice. Mickey ________________ (完全同意) and soon ________ (定居) in this ________ (极好的) paradise. selected bar jazz Afterwards diagram district diverse ethnic claimed couldn't agree more settled super 目录 · 译文 米奇的纽约大冒险 米奇和他的父亲坐在房子的一个角落里。儿子米奇正在向他的父亲道别，他即将前往纽约去寻找发财的机会。米奇在这所废弃的房子里出生、长大，他从来没有想过有一天会离开这里。但是，他们在这里谋生很难。这里的人很穷，对老鼠也很刻薄，使得他们两个时不时地挨饿，多次在险境中侥幸逃脱。就这样，米奇带着一块奶酪出发了。乘坐了一系列交通工具，从火车到汽车等都有，米奇终于在一个寒冷的夜晚抵达了纽约。 译文 目录 · 当米奇从一辆汽车的后备厢里溜出来的时候，他立刻被空气中美味菜肴的香味所吸引。“这里绝对是个好地方，”他这么想着。 米奇选择了一家嘈杂的酒吧，里面正大声播放着爵士乐。趁没人注意，他迅速地跳了进去。后来，米奇找到了酒吧的地下室，在这里，他遇到了吉米。这位新认识的朋友画了一张图，来向米奇简要介绍这个地方。这个地区颇有特色，各种商店、酒吧和餐厅林立，充分展示了不同民族的多样文化。吉米甚至自豪地宣称这是老鼠最理想的家。米奇也完全同意，很快就在这个超棒的人间天堂定居了下来。 译文 目录 · 语篇诵读2 Mickey's Home in New York It was a year since Mickey and his father had settled in New York, the ________ (温和的) ________ (气候) of which well ____________ (适合) them.They felt lucky to have a cozy home here. It was a three－storey building, which accommodated only three people. On the first floor lived an Indian man who worked as a ________ (建筑) worker, dressed in ________ (牛仔裤) every day. He would throw himself on his ________ (可折叠的) sofa after work, tired and hungry. ____________ (除了) his favorite curry rice, he often ________________ (吃撑；吃饱) pizzas or spaghetti. He hated rats so much that be absorbed in; be experienced in; as for; stuff oneself with; agree with mild climate agreed with construction jeans folding Apart from stuffed himself with 目录 · he once tried to ________ (毒害) rats with ________ (蘑菇) pies ________ (含有) ________ (有毒的) substances. ________ (幸运地), Mickey and his father __________________ (在……方面很有经验) recognizing these things. The second floor was rented to a young Chinese man, who wore a(n) ________ (西装) and tie ________ (整洁地) every day, working in some ________ (金融) company. In the evenings, he would enjoy coffee from a delicate ________ (陶瓷) cup on the balcony, listening to some Chinese pop songs. A middle－aged writer possessed the third floor. He ________ often ____________ (全神贯注于) reading or writing. Various books: ________ (诗歌) ________ (作品集), fictions, biographies of famous writers, ____________________ (仅举几例), filled three shelves, which occupied a large ________ (百分比) of the room space. ____________ (至于；对于) Mickey, he had to ________ (承认) that he loved to hide in the boot of the writer, where he felt rather safe and peaceful. poison mushroom containing poisonous Fortunately were experienced in suit neatly financial china was absorbed in poetry collections to name but a few percentage As for admit * 目录 · 译文 米奇的纽约之家 米奇和父亲在纽约定居已经一年了，这里温和的气候很适合他们。他们觉得很幸运能在此有一个舒适的家。这是一幢三层的建筑，里面却只住了三个人。一楼住着一名印度男子，他是一名建筑工人，每天都穿着牛仔裤。他总是一下班就瘫倒在他的折叠沙发上，似乎又累又饿。除了吃他最喜欢的咖喱饭，他还经常吃很多比萨饼或意大利面。他非常讨厌老鼠，有一次，他尝试用含有有毒物质的蘑菇馅饼毒害老鼠。幸运的是，米奇和他父亲在识别这些东西方面很有经验。二楼则是一个年轻的中国人租住着，他在一家金融公司工作，每天都穿西装，打领带，十分整洁。 译文 目录 · 晚上，他会在阳台上用精致的陶瓷杯喝咖啡，顺便听点中国流行歌曲。三楼为一位中年作家所有。他常常全神贯注地阅读或写作。在他的三个书架上摆满了各种各样的书，比如，有诗集、小说、著名作家的传记等等，这些书占了房间很大(比例)的空间。对米奇而言，他不得不承认的是他喜欢躲在作家的靴子里，在那里他感到非常的安全和宁静。 译文 目录 · 1.fortune n. 机会；运气→fortunate (＝lucky) adj. 幸运的；侥幸的→fortunately (＝luckily) adv. 幸运地 [语基护航]　用fortune的相关形式或短语填空 ❶He decided to ____________________________ downtown to see whether he could _____________________. He ________________ get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own business ____________________． seek/try his fortune make a fortune was fortunate to fortunately 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子/同义替换 ❷在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。(应用文写作之节日介绍) In China, children are given money in a red envelope ________________________ in the New Year. ❸Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of making a lot of money without hard work. →Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of ________________________ without working hard. to bring good fortune making a fortune 目录 · 归纳拓展 •seek/try one's fortune 找出路/碰运气 make a fortune 发财；赚钱 have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事 •be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth 有幸做某事 [名师点津]　fortune意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；意为“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。 目录 · 2.admit vi.& vt. 承认　vt. 准许进入(或加入)；接纳；接收入学；接收入院→admission n. 准许进入；承认；入场费；门票费 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶It is said that ________________ (admit) to the concert is ￡5 and as a result, I determine to enjoy it. ❷Afterwards, he had to admit ________________________ (put) some poisonous mushrooms in the soup. [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信) Learning that you ________________________________________________, I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you. admission putting/having put have been admitted into/to Peking University 目录 · ❹既幽默又有耐心，高老师被认为是最好的老师之一。(应用文写作之人物介绍) Being humorous and patient, Mr Gao __________________________________． ❺得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新成员，我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。(应用文写作之邀请信) Learning that our school table tennis team ________________________________, I can hardly wait to invite you to join it. is admitted to be one of the best teachers is admitting new members 目录 · 归纳拓展 •be admitted into/to 被录取；被接收 admit doing sth/having done sth 承认做过某事 It is admitted that ... 人们公认…… admit sb/sth to be＋adj./n. 承认某人/某物(事)为…… •apply for admission to ... 申请进入…… free admission 入场免费 目录 · 3.occur vi. (occurred, occurred, occurring)发生；出现→occurrence n. 发生；出现 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶With an idea ________________ (occur) to me, I stepped to my brother and asked him to water flowers. ❷Frequent ____________________ (occur) of natural disasters in recent years has caused great losses in the region. occurring occurrence 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸妈妈突然想起她把帐篷落在我们前一天晚上住的旅馆里了。 ________________________________________________________ she had left the tent in the hotel where we stayed the night before. ❹那天晚上下了一场可怕的暴风雨，狂风拍打着房子。(读后续写之天气描写) That night ____________________________, with the wind blowing and beating the house. It occurred to/struck/hit mother that a terrible storm occurred 目录 · 归纳拓展 sth occurs to sb 某人突然想到；想起 It occurs to sb that .../to do ... 某人突然想到 [名师点津]　①occur没有被动语态，且不用于进行时。 ②occur作谓语时，主语不能是“人”。 ③表示“某人突然想到……”的句式还有：It strikes/hits sb that ...。 目录 · 4.seek vt.& vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶I ____________ (seek) advice from my teacher when I got into trouble in school. ❷He was happy to withdraw from social life, ________________ (seek) a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. sought seeking 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸我在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，因此我别无选择只能寻求你的帮助。(应用文写作之求助信) I meet with some difficulties with my English, so I have no choice but _________________． ❹从数据中我们可以得出结论，大多数学生寻求轻松的方法来学习英语。(应用文写作之语言学习) From the data we can conclude that the majority of students ___________________ ______________________________________________________． to seek your help seek (for) easy/light－hearted ways to learn English 目录 · 归纳拓展 seek for/after 寻找；追求 seek sth from sb 向某人寻求某物 seek one's fortune 碰运气；寻找成功致富之路 seek to do sth 试图做某事 hide and seek 捉迷藏 [发散归纳]　 表示“寻找”的动词短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。 目录 · 5.escape vt.& vi. 逃走；逃脱；避开　n. 逃跑；逃脱；解脱 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Only a minority of students want to escape ________________ (take) responsibility for their own behavior. ❷I cannot escape ________________ the modern world, but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do. taking from 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸那个愤怒的男孩逃进人群，挤上公交车，不见了。(读后续写之动作描写) The angry boy ____________________________, squeezed onto the bus, and disappeared. ❹最后，我们九死一生，幸运地避免了被那只饥饿的北极熊伤害。(读后续写之场景描写) At last, we __________________________________________________________, fortunately ___________________________________________________________． escaped into the crowds had a narrow escape escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear 目录 · 归纳拓展 •escape from 从……逃脱；从……逃跑 escape (doing) sth 避开(做)某事 escape being done ... 逃避被…… •have a narrow escape 死里逃生；九死一生 目录 · 6.settle vt.& vi. 定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n. 定居点；协议；解决→settler n. 移居者；殖民者 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶With a lot of difficulties ____________ (settle), the newly－elected president is having a hard time. ❷As far as I'm concerned, the problem can ____________ (settle) in no time if you double your efforts. to settle be settled 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸得知你每天都有许多问题要解决，我建议你开始认真考虑哪个问题是最紧急的。(应用文写作之建议信) Learning that ____________________________ every day, I suggest that ________________________________ which one is the most urgent. ❹他们冲出车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。(读后续写之动作链描写) They dashed out of the car, put up the tent and ______________________________, enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights. you have so many problems to settle you (should) settle down to considering settled down on the grass 目录 · 归纳拓展 settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下 settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应 settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真(做)某事 目录 · 7.contain vt. 包含；含有；容纳；克制；控制→container n. 容器；集装箱；货柜 [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶He was so excited that he could hardly contain ________________ (he)． ❷Food will last longer if kept in an airtight ____________ (contain)． himself container 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❸最后，各种美味的食物都被提供给了我们，如包含了我们文化象征的元宵和馄饨。(应用文写作之节日介绍) Finally, various delicious foods were provided to us, ________________________ ______________________________________, such as yuanxiao and huntun. ❹他的父亲再也无法控制自己的愤怒，怒气冲冲地冲出房间，砰地关上了门。(读后续写之情绪/动作描写) ________________________________, his father stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.(形容词短语作状语) containing a symbol of our culture Unable to contain his anger 目录 · 归纳拓展 contain oneself 克制自己 contain one's anger/excitement 控制某人的愤怒/激动 [名师点津]　contain和include在作“包含，包括”讲时的区别为：contain侧重内容、成分上的包括，include侧重整体、范围上的包括。 目录 · 8.bring about 导致；引起 [语基护航]　用bring的相关短语填空 ❶I don't clearly remember who ____________________ the question but remember it definitely ____________________ a heated discussion. ❷Newspaper websites can coexist with the newspapers and still ____________ healthy profit margins. ❸We are willing to ____________________ the price in return for big volume purchases. brought up brought about bring in bring down 目录 · [落笔华章]　完成句子 ❹正如我们所看到的，近年来网络给我们的学习方式带来了巨大的变化。(应用文写作之发言稿) As we see, the Internet ________________________________________ in the way we learn in the past few years. ❺这家人的善意让我对人性重新有了信心，将来我会努力给别人带来温暖。(读后续写之主旨升华) The kindness of the family ________________________________ in humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future. has brought about great changes brought back my faith 目录 · 归纳拓展 bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐 bring in 引进；获利；赚钱 bring out 出版；使显现 bring down 使垮台；减少；降低 bring back 把……带回来；使回忆起 bring forward 提出；提前 目录 · 9.独立主格结构 [教材原句]　There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, ... [P28] 这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，…… [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶Weather________________ (permit), we will take a cab first and then fly to our destination. ❷Many trees and flowers ____________ (plant), our newly－built school looks even more beautiful. permitting planted 目录 · [落笔华章]　一句多译 ❸听到他们的计划，他高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水夺眶而出。(读后续写之情绪描写) Hearing their plan, he jumped for joy, ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________．(并列句) ＝Hearing their plan, he jumped for joy, ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________．(独立主格结构) and his eyes welled up tears of happiness and gratitude tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes 目录 · ❹我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。(读后续写之心理描写) I looked at my father nervously, ________________________________________． (with复合结构) ＝I looked at my father nervously, _____________________________________． (独立主格结构) with my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly 目录 · 归纳拓展 •用法：独立主格结构在句中作状语，修饰谓语或整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用逗号与主句隔开，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 •形式： 名词/代词＋doing(主动/进行) 名词/代词＋done(被动/完成) 名词/代词＋to do(未发生的动作) 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语 目录 · 10.what引导名词性从句 [教材原句]　No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California.[P27] 没有人确切地知道第一批人是什么时候到达我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚的。(宾语从句) [教材原句]　But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food.[P32] 然而，很多游客和旧金山人最钟爱的或许是唐人街的美食。(主语从句) 目录 · [语基护航]　单句语法填空 ❶A modern city has been set up in ________________ was a wasteland ten years ago. [落笔华章]　语段填空/完成句子 ❷我们既沮丧又担心，不知道什么可以使我们抑郁的爱犬高兴起来。似乎过了一个世纪的时间，我们终于想出了一个好主意——给她买一只小狗。有了一个新的玩伴，我们的爱犬不再是过去的样子了。我们的脸上露出了欣慰的笑容。 what 目录 · Upset and concerned, we didn't know ____________________________ our gloomy beloved pet dog. After ____________________________, a good idea occurred to us—buying her a puppy. Having a new playmate, our dog wasn't ____________________________________. A relieved smile spread across our faces. ❸决心和乐观是你克服恐惧和实现目标所需要的。(读后续写之主旨升华) Determination and optimism are _________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________． what could cheer up what seemed like a century what she used to be what it takes to conquer your fear and accomplish your goal 目录 · 归纳拓展 •what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主语、表语和宾语。 •what引导名词性从句时，可表示“……的事情或东西；……的人或样子；所……的地方”等。 •that引导名词性从句，在从句中不作任何成分，没有任何意义，只起连接作用。 [名师点津]　名词性从句中如果缺少名词性成分，且指“事/物”时，就用what来引导该从句。 目录 在主旨大意类题中，也经常考查段落大意题。解答此类试题最有效的方法就是找到段落主题句。根据文体结构特点，有的主题句比较容易找到，而有的则无明显主题句，需要我们总结概括。总体来说，主题句有下面三种情况： * 目录 限时：9分钟　正确率： ________ (2023·全国乙卷·D)If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. * 目录 Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't. The clearest example of this between literate and non－literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. * 目录 In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non－literate societies such as these, all our first－hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. * 目录 语篇导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事范畴以更好地理解历史的重要性。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．How past events should be presented. B．What humanity is concerned about. C．Whether facts speak louder than words. D．Why written language is reliable. 答案： A　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，如果要讲述一段不偏不倚的历史，不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界历史只有一部分曾经有过文本，而且文字出现较晚，即便直到最近，许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物品来记录重要的事件。由此可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现。故选A。 答案 * 目录 2．What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2? A．His report was scientific. B．He represented the local people. C．He ruled over Botany Bay. D．His record was one－sided. 答案： D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“From the English side ... his first experience of gunshot. (在英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子第一次经历枪击后在搏斗中落下的。)”可推知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的。故选D。 答案 * 目录 3．What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Problem. B．History. C．Voice. D．Society. 答案： B　指代判断题。根据画线词上文“a history told through things ... only one half of a dialogue”并结合画线词所在句可知，读文本只能了解历史的一半，如果想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读物品。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。 答案 * 目录 4．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? A．How Maps Tell Stories of the World. B．A Short History of Australia. C．A History of the World in 100 Objects. D．How Art Works Tell Stories. 答案： C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you want to tell the history ... for most of the time, has not.”并结合最后一段中的“ If we are to find the other ... but the objects.”可知，文章主要论述了要从物品中理解历史，由此可推知，文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。 答案 * 目录 行文脉络 技法复现 第1题(段落大意题) 从文体上，本文为议论文，结构为“总—分—总”的形式。议论文的文章主旨一般在首尾段，而首段的主题句一般为段落的首尾句。 根据第一段尾句可知，写作是人类后来的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会不仅以文字，而且以物品的形式记录了重要的事件。由此第一段可总结概括为“历史应该如何呈现”这一内容，故选A。 * 目录 熟词生义 1．concern 熟义：n. 担心；关心，关爱　v. 与……有关；使担忧　生义：n. (对人、组织等)重要的事情 2．account 熟义：n. 账户；客户；网络账号；账目；描述，叙述；说明，解释　v. 解释；说明；占(数量、比例) 生义：n. 赊购；老主顾　v. 把……视作 * 目录 长难句 If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. 译文：如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅通过文字(来讲述)，因为世界只有一部分人曾经有过文字，而世界大部分人，在大多数时间里，都没有文字。 分析：If引导条件状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a history；because引导原因状语从句；while为并列连词，意为“然而”，连接两个表示对比关系的并列分句。 * 目录 阅读 (2023·内蒙古包头统考一模)The Chinese new year begins on 22 January, 2023 and lasts until 9 February 2024.While most of Asia celebrates the year of the rabbit, Vietnam celebrates the year of the cat. In the Chinese zodiac (十二生肖), there are 12 animals, and the 4th animal is the rabbit; while in the Vietnamese zodiac, the 4th position is occupied by the cat. How the cat covered for the rabbit in Vietnam's zodiac is still the subject of debate. 主题 越南猫年的起源 难易度 中 建议用时 6分钟 * 目录 It was said the Jade Emperor organized a race across a river for all the animals in the world. The first 12 to reach the other side would appear in the zodiac. In the Chinese version of the story, the cat and the rat were riding across a river on an ox when the rat pushed the cat into the water. The rat won the race, turning the two animals into enemies. That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since. However, in the Vietnamese version—which did not have a rabbit—the cat could swim and ended up arriving. One possible explanation for replacing rabbit with cat might have to do with language. In old Chinese, there is a word tied to the sign of the rabbit that is pronounced mao (卯). The pronunciation is similar to mèo, the Vietnamese word for cat. * 目录 Quyen Di, a lecturer at UCLA, said the custom has to do with the landscape of Vietnam. Initially, the Chinese lived in the savanna (稀树草原) area, while the Vietnamese lived in the lowland area. The people of the savanna prefer a nomadic life, close to the wilderness, and they chose the rabbit as an animal that lived in the wild fields. In contrast, the lowland people of Vietnam consider rabbits as animals that are used for food and chose the cat because they believe cats are friends living in their house. This year, many Vietnamese are buying new cat­themed cases for their mobile phones. And one of the top Google searches in Vietnam is “why there is no cat in the Chinese zodiac”． 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了越南猫年的起源。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．What does the underlined phrase “covered for” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Took charge of. B．Fought for. C．Took the place of. D．Depended on. 答案： C　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“In the Chinese zodiac (十二生肖), there are 12 animals, and the 4th animal is the rabbit; while in the Vietnamese zodiac, the 4th position is occupied by the cat.”可知，与中国的12生肖中第4位是兔子不同的是，在越南的12生肖中，第4位是猫，即：兔的位置被猫代替了，由此可推知，covered for意为“取代，代替”。故选C。 答案 * 目录 2．What can we learn from the Vietnamese zodiac story? A．The Jade Emperor showed favor to the cat. B．The rabbit fell into the river in the zodiac race. C．The cat finished fourth by swimming across the river. D．The rat and the rabbit were enemies in ancient times. 答案： C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the Chinese version of the ... in the Vietnamese version—which did not have a rabbit—the cat could swim and ended up arriving.”可知，在越南的生肖故事中，猫游过河并获得了第四名。故选C。 答案 * 目录 3．According to Quyen Di, what made the Vietnamese choose the cat? A．Their living environment. B．Their language pronunciation. C．Their lifestyle of raising cats as pets. D．Their custom of hunting rabbits for food. 答案： A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In contrast, the lowland people of Vietnam consider rabbits as animals that are used for food and chose the cat because they believe cats are friends living in their house.”可知，越南人在选择生肖中的动物时，猫的选择受到了他们的生存环境的影响。故选A。 答案 * 目录 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The History of the Chinese Zodiac B．Ways of Celebrating the Year of the Rabbit C．The Popularity of Chinese Traditional Culture D．The Origin of the Year of the Cat in Vietnam 答案： D　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了越南猫年起源的信息。因此，D项(越南猫年的起源)最适合作为本文标题。故选D。 答案 * 目录 完形填空 (2023·山东济宁一中统考三模)I recently attended a wedding in Canada, in the countryside. When the Taxi driver sent us back at midnight, I was 1 worried all the way home about tipping him since I was not rich. I 2 nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note, which I was keeping for a(n) 3 ， nothing else but two chocolates from the wedding. I couldn' t not tip him, so I was 4 between a rock and a hard place. I handed in the note at last, controlling the urge to ask for 5 ． 主题 不同国家的小费习俗差异 难易度 中 建议用时 13分钟 * 目录 Tipping has long been a source of 6 interactions throughout the world. Tipping customs 7 wildly from country to country, which generates no small amount of 8 . Norwegians, who come from a culture where wages are high and tips are low, could 9 people in Las Vegas with their tiny offerings. 10 ， high­tipping Americans might anger people in Tokyo because good service in Japan is a 11 of honour. Such an embarrassed mess often occurs because there's no 12 logic to any of this. None! Similarly, a 2016 study from Cornell University 13 that people are twice as likely to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker. Why is that? And nobody can work out the reasons for this 14 ． * 目录 Perhaps, tipping one and not the other only 15 in terms of what has become customary. 语篇导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己在加拿大坐车给司机小费的事为例，引出了文章主题：不同国家的小费习俗差异很大。 语篇导读 * 目录 1．A.helplessly B．curiously C．secretly D．strangely 答案： C　根据上文“When the Taxi driver sent us back at midnight”和下文“worried all the way home about tipping him since I was not rich”可知，作者并不富有，所以在回来的路上，一直暗自担心给司机小费的事。secretly意为“暗自地”，符合语境。故选C。 答案 * 目录 2．A.selected B．fished C．weighed D．calculated 答案： B　根据下文“nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note”可知，作者在钱包里摸，要找钱。fish意为“摸找”，符合语境。故选B。 3．A.emergency B．tip C．award D．deal 答案：A　根据上文“realized that all I had was a $100 note, which I was keeping for a(n)”可知，作者钱包里只有100美元，这是为了应付紧急情况而准备的。emergency意为“紧急情况”，符合语境。故选A。 答案 * 目录 4．A.buried B．lost C．stuck D．locked 答案：C　此处指不能不给司机小费，所以作者陷入进退两难的境地，be stuck between a rock and a hard place意为“陷入进退两难的境地”。故选C。 5．A.gratitude B．permission C．help D．change 答案：D　根据上文提到的作者只有100美元的一张钞票，以及作者并不富有可知，作者本打算要司机找钱，所以此处指作者控制住了要求找钱的冲动，change意为“找给的零钱”，符合语境。故选D。 答案 * 目录 6．A.common B．awkward C．necessary D．active 答案：B　根据下文“Such an embarrassed mess often”可知，不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，造成了不小的混乱，所以说小费一直是世界各地尴尬互动的一个来源。awkward意为“尴尬的”，符合语境。故选B。　 7．A.vary B．spread C．grow D．work 答案：A　此处指不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，vary from ... to ... 是固定搭配，意为“从……到……不同”。故选A。 答案 * 目录 8．A.panic B．harm C．bond D．confusion 答案：D　根据下文“Such an embarrassed mess”可知，此处指不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，造成了不小的混乱。confusion意为“混乱”，符合语境。故选D。 9．A.amuse B．astonish C．annoy D．satisfy 答案：C　根据上文“Norwegians, who come from a culture where wages are high and tips are low”及下文“people in Las Vegas with their tiny offerings”可知，挪威人来自一个工资高、小费低的文化，所以他们提供的微不足道的小费可能会惹怒拉斯维加斯的人们。annoy意为“使恼怒”，符合语境。故选C。 答案 * 目录 10．A.Therefore B．Likewise C．Otherwise D．Furthermore 答案：B　上下文都在举例子说明不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，造成了不小的混乱，所以此处表示“同样地”。likewise意为“同样地”，符合语境。故选B。 11．A.matter B．choice C．way D．trick 答案：A　此处指在日本，良好的服务是一个荣誉问题，a matter of固定搭配，意为“……的问题”。matter意为“问题”，符合语境。故选A。 答案 * 目录 12．A.official B．convenient C．practical D．consistent 答案：D　根据上文“Such an embarrassed mess often occurs”可知，这种尴尬的混乱经常发生，因为没有统一一致的逻辑。consistent意为“一致的”，符合语境。故选D。　 13．A.found B．ensured C．confirmed D．witnessed 答案：A　根据下文“that people are twice as likely to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker”可知，人们给超市送货员小费的可能性是超市店员的两倍，这是研究发现的。find意为“发现”，符合语境。故选A。　 答案 * 目录 14．A.assumption B．concept C．difference D．accident 答案：C　根据上文“that people are twice as likely to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker”可知，此处指没有人明白这个差异的原因。difference意为“差异”，符合语境。故选C。　 15．A.pays off B．takes place C．takes effect D．makes sense 答案：D　此处指关于为什么会有那么大的差异的问题，无人知道，或许一个讲得通的解释是：这已经成为了习惯。make sense意为“讲得通”，符合语境。故选D。　 答案 * 目录 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2023·重庆一中校考阶段练习)Nilsa stared at the clock on the classroom wall, daydreaming about lunch. Her mother had prepared a thermos (保温瓶) full of sancocho. It was one of Nilsa's favorite dishes, and the national dish of Panama—a country in central America and the hometown of Nilsa's family. Just thinking about sancocho made her mouth water. * 目录 Finally, it was time for lunch. Nilsa carefully poured some sancocho into a bowl. When she looked up, she saw her classmates staring. “What is that? It smells really bad，” said Gus, covering his nose. “It's sancocho，” Nilsa responded. “It's kind of like chicken soup.” Codi glanced at the bowl and said, “Soup? It's more like a science experiment.” He laughed, pointed to his lunch, and asked, “That's one weird lunch. Why don't you eat something normal, like pizza？” Nilsa looked at everyone else's lunches: pizza, fries, and sandwiches. Suddenly she didn't feel hungry any more. * 目录 When Nilsa returned home and complained about her classmates' negative comments, her mother wasn't mad. Instead, she listened attentively and reminded Nilsa that there is no such thing as “normal” or “weird” food, and that different cultures have their own unique dishes that are loved and appreciated by those who grew up with them. Nilsa's mother also suggested making a fresh batch for Nilsa to bring to school the next day. “Then you can share it with your classmates and tell them sancocho tastes great, and that our family has been eating it for hundreds of years. Your great­grandmother taught your grandmother who then taught me. * 目录 Nilsa nodded in excitement, and she was grateful for the opportunity to share her favorite dish with her classmates. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 * 目录 The next day at lunch, Nilsa pulled out her thermos. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ When Nilsa returned home and greeted her mother that day, her happiness was beyond description. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ * 目录 [写作提示] 故事人物 Nilsa (尼尔莎)、Nilsa的妈妈、Nilsa的同学 主要事件 Nilsa在学校吃妈妈烹饪的巴拿马国菜——杂菜汤，遭到吃快餐的同学们的嘲笑。Nilsa回到家后向妈妈抱怨，妈妈却让她第二天带更多的杂菜汤去学校，并让她给同学们介绍杂菜汤的美味和传统。Nilsa感到非常激动。 情节分析 根据续写第一段提示句内容“第二天吃午饭时，Nilsa拿出她的保温瓶。”可知，第一段可描写Nilsa给同学们介绍杂菜汤并得到同学们的认可。 根据续写第二段提示句内容“那天，当Nilsa回到家和妈妈打招呼时，她的快乐难以形容。”可知，第二段可描写Nilsa回到家后感到无比的自豪，并决定每周都把杂菜汤带到学校与同学们分享。 写作提示 * 目录 [精彩范文] The next day at lunch, Nilsa pulled out her thermos. She proudly presented her classmates with a fresh batch of sancocho. She explained the dish's history and how it was a beloved part of her family's culture. To her surprise, her classmates were eager to try it. They all took a spoonful and were pleasantly surprised by the flavor. Even Gus, who had been so skeptical the day before, admitted that it was delicious. When Nilsa returned home and greeted her mother that day, her happiness was beyond description. She was proud to have shared a part of her culture with her classmates, and even more proud that they had enjoyed it. From then on, Nilsa brought sancocho to school every week, and she was always happy to share it with her friends. 答案 * 目录 [提分词汇]　present v. 展示；to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是；be eager to do sth 渴望做某事；skeptical adj. 怀疑的；beyond description 无法形容；from then on 从那时起 [好句积累] 1．Even Gus, who had been so skeptical the day before, admitted that it was delicious. (运用了关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句) 2．She was proud to have shared a part of her culture with her classmates, and even more proud that they had enjoyed it. (运用了连词that引导的宾语从句) * R $$