考点11 词句猜测——代词指代-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷全书Word（新教材）

金版教程　高考总复习首选用卷　英语 基本功扎实练 考点11　词句猜测——代词指代 (2024·四川省成都市高三质量检测)Accents are a sign of belonging and something that separates communities. Yet we can probably think of people who seem to have lost their accent and of others whose accent stays firmly in place. Given the personal and social importance of how someone speaks, why would anyone's accent change? A conscious or subconscious desire to fit in can influence the way you speak. If someone moves from Australia to America to work, for example, they will probably at least change their accent in order to get a better sense of belonging. This may be out of a need or desire to be more clearly understood and to be accepted in a new community. They might also want to avoid ridicule for the way they speak. For people whose accents do shift, the way they speak may be less important to their sense of identity, or their identity with a social or professional group may be more pressing. Even before we are born, we are exposed to the speech patterns of those around us. We progress through various stages of speech development that result in us having speech patterns similar to those around us. For others whose accent does not seem to change, it could be because they feel safe in their identity, and their accent is much part of that identity—or that keeping the difference is valuable to them. Meanwhile, brain damage may result in foreign accent syndrome (FAS), which results from physical changes that are not under the speaker's control. Suffering from FAS, speakers may lose the ability to speak at all or experience strange changes in the way they pronounce. In some cases, listeners might look down upon a person with FAS as they believe them to be foreigners. It's no wonder many people unconsciously protect themselves by adapting their speech to those around them. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了口音变化的原因。 1．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The desire to fit in. B．The change of career. C．The adjustment of accents. D．The influence on language. 答案：C　指代判断题。此处考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“If someone moves ... in a new community.\”可知，生活环境的改变会让人改变口音以获得更好的归属感。这可能是由于渴望被更清楚地理解并在新社区中被接受。由此可推知，This指代的是口音的调整。故选C。 2．What makes people choose to change their accents? A．The result of brain damage. B．Their strong sense of identity. C．Their desire to learn about locals. D．The need to adapt to new environment. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A conscious or subconscious desire to fit in can influence the way you speak.”可知，适应新环境的需要使人们选择改变口音。故选D。 3．What can we know about the people suffering from FAS? A．They may be taken as foreigners. B．They can not help making a sound. C．They suffer from emotional changes. D．They may change accents to gain respect. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In some cases, listeners might look down upon a person with FAS as they believe them to be foreigners.”可推知，患有FAS的人可能被视为外国人。故选A。 4．What's the author's purpose in writing this text? A．To explain the loss of accents. B．To introduce the history of accents. C．To analyze why accents are lost or kept. D．To show the significance of accent changes. 答案：C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了口音的变化及其原因，由此可推知，本文的写作目的是分析口音变化或被保留的原因。故选C。 (2023·江苏省南京市第三高级中学高三期末考试)Videoconferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until recent years, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we're routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟的). And this is creating a problem that technology can't fix. The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven't evolved socially to the point where we can bear much separation. So much of our well­being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One surprising victim of social distancing is laughter. Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we're laughing with others—we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it: how often when you and your friends laugh at something, is that something actually funny? Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny. So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can't help but laugh when those around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks. Laughing in response to other people's laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work. In today's home­alone, virtual­team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了笑的重要性。 1．What is the problem mentioned at the start of the text? A．Physical weakness. B．Lack of technology. C．Social distancing. D．Reliance on virtual conference. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Today, we're routinely holding ... technology can't fix.(现在，我们经常举行100%虚拟的视频会议。这就产生了一个技术无法解决的问题。)”和第二段中的“The problem is us ... bear much separation.(问题出现在我们身上，尤其是我们的社交能力还没有进化到可以承受分离的程度。)”可知，文章开头提到的问题是社交距离问题。故选C。 2．The underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refers to the fact that ________． A．laugh tracks are popular B．laughing is uncontrollable C．laughing starts with yawning D．laughing comes more easily in groups 答案：D　指代判断题。此处考查代词指代。This指代上文提到的内容，根据第四段中的“Just as everyone starts ... those around them do.(就像当只有一个人打哈欠时，每个人都会打哈欠一样，当周围的人笑时，大多数人都会忍不住笑。)”可知，This指代的是在群体中更容易笑这个事实。故选D。 3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why laughing is important to work. B．How laughing keeps us physically healthy. C．Whether laughing is a behavioral phenomenon. D．What chemicals our body produces when we laugh. 答案：A　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，笑可以帮助缓解疼痛并引发愉悦感，还可以提高学习能力、动力和注意力，并提高工作积极性和工作效率，即本段主要讲述了为什么笑对工作很重要。故选A。 4．What would the author most probably discuss next? A．Concrete steps to produce laughter in a team. B．Other factors that may influence a team's health. C．Ways to tell the real world from the virtual world. D．The importance of maintaining work productivity. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，团队领导者应该让团队成员多笑，从而保持健康和高效。由此可推知，文章接下来应讲述在团队中制造笑声的具体步骤。故选A。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$