考点3 构词方法巧推断-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT（新教材）

WELCOME UNIT 新高考全题型基础训练 题型三　完形填空 WELCOME UNIT 基本功扎实练 考点3　构词方法巧推断 (2024·辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校高三一模)We live in a world increasingly dominated by science. Since elementary school, I have always __1__ subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and __2__， seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always __3__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right __4__ I thought, why bother? But recently I had a(n) __5__ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class. B A 3 Before I entered the classroom, I was __6__. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __7__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite __8__． A young man in jeans, Mr Jones—“but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white­haired, buttoned­up old man I had __9__. Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult­to­understand philosophical points, Rob __10__ us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own obstacles. To talk morals, we looked at __11__ we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I'd discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __12__ ones. B A 4 It __13__ me that if I let go of my __14__， I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of. The class taught me—in more ways than one—to look at things with a(n) __15__ mind. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，要以开放的心态看待事物。 篇章导读 B A 5 1． A.chosen B．evaluated C．favored D．avoided 答案： C　根据下文“To me, these subjects ... than humanities.”可知，作者从小学开始一直就偏爱学习科学和数学等科目，因为作者觉得这些学科更有意义。故选C。 答案 B A 6 2．A.formulas B．puzzles C．challenges D．innovations 答案： D　作者觉得科学和数学等科目充满了发现和创新，对人类的进步作用更大。故选D。 答案 B A 7 3．A.automatically B．consciously C．accurately D．impatiently 答案： A　根据上文“seem to play ... progress than humanities”可知，作者一直认为科学和数学在人类进步中的作用更大。由构词方法推断，此处为形容词automatic的副词形式automatically “自然地”，修饰动词短语thought of，表示作者自然而然地认为这些学科比英语等课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A。 答案 B A 8 4．A.reason B．answer C．method D．direction 答案： B　根据下文“By the end of class ... the most __12__ ones.”可知，作者认为人文学科很多问题都没有正确答案。故选B。 答案 B A 9 5．A.surprise B．experience C．incident D．adventure 答案： B　根据下文“Before I entered the classroom ... was something quite __8__．”可知，接下来讲述的是作者的经历。故选B。 答案 B A 10 6．A.hopeful B．confident C．doubtful D．nervous 答案： C　根据下文“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.”可知，作者对这门学科充满了疑虑，不知道哲学涵盖什么内容。由构词方法推断，此处为doubt的形容词形式doubtful “怀疑的；不确定的”，在句中作表语。故选C。 答案 B A 11 7．A.jokingly B．mistakenly C．previously D．naturally 答案： D　根据上文“And I always ... classes like English.”可知，作者认为人文学科很多都没有正确答案，并且认为哲学课的对话会无聊，然后自然而然地反思生活的意义。由构词方法推断，此处为形容词natural的副词形式naturally “自然地”，修饰动词短语reflect on。故选D。 答案 B A 12 8．A.unique B．common C．different D．strange 答案： C　根据转折连词But可知，此处指作者上完课后感觉哲学课和他想象的很不一样。故选C。 答案 B A 13 9．A.mentioned B．expected C．encountered D．missed 答案： B　根据上文“A young man in jeans ... old man I had”可知，作者认为上哲学课的老师是一个白头发，系着纽扣的老人，但实际上是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，所以这和他猜想的不一样。expect “猜想；认为；预期”。故选B。 答案 B A 14 10．A.engaged B．tested C．persuaded D．invited 答案： A　根据上文“Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult­to­understand philosophical points”可知，老师并没有让学生进入到关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是允许学生站在他们的水平上。故选A。 答案 B A 15 11．A.choices B．abilities C．dilemmas D．doubts 答案： C　根据上文“To talk free will, we looked at our own obstacles.”可知，作者在讨论自由意志时，看到了自己的障碍，同样，在讨论道德时，看到了自己的困境。故选C。 答案 B A 16 12．A.objective B．effective C．encouraging D．appealing 答案： D　作者以前认为，没有答案是没有意义的，是枯燥的，而现在却发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。故选D。 答案 B A 17 13．A.confused B．struck C．warned D．convinced 答案： B　根据下文“I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of”可知，作者上完哲学课后突然意识到能够从曾经很少考虑的话题中得到很多。It strikes/struck sb that ... “某人突然想到……”。故选B。 答案 B A 18 14．A.pride B．concern C．assessment D．prejudice 答案： D　根据上文“And I always __3__ ... why bother？”可知，作者对这些人文学科是有偏见的。故选D。 答案 B A 19 15．A.open B．strong C．sharp D．ready 答案： A　根据上文“It __13__ me that ... I once thought little of.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A。 答案 B A 20 (2024·河北省高三学生全过程纵向评价考试)Music has universal power. It helps people from all walks of life find their creative __1__. Lost Voices is an inspiring initiative that __2__ teenagers with challenging backgrounds with a platform to express themselves through music. __3__， it helps them find their voice and heal from trauma (创伤)． B A 21 Mike Ball, the founder of Lost Voices, first __4__ this population in 2005.Invited to speak about his __5__ career, he saw these kids. “They're just like other children; they're just in a different situation.” he said. He firmly believes that these young individuals are often __6__ and not be heard by the world. His mission is to change that by bringing their voices out. As a writer and music enthusiast, Ball recognized the potential of songwriting as a __7__ and creative outlet for these young individuals. Motivated by this __8__， he called on local folk and blues musicians to join him. With a track record of impacting over 2，500 vulnerable (易受伤害的) youths, these initiatives have facilitated __9__ therapeutic (治疗的) progress and many of the youths have benefited from the initiatives. B A 22 Lost Voices conducts week­long programs, sending musicians into residential treatment facilities to __10__ with the children in small groups. Through this process, the musicians guide and __11__ the participants to craft their own songs, ultimately helping them find their unique voices. Through the __12__ of individuals like Mike Ball and the __13__ efforts of the musicians involved, Lost Voices serves as a signal of __14__ for these often­forgotten young souls. It shows that their beautiful voices and great talents __15__ to be heard by the world. B A 23 1．A.gestures B．expressions C．thoughts D．talents 答案： B　根据后文“His mission is to change that by bringing their voices out.”可知，人们可以通过音乐表达自我。由构词方法推断，此处为动词express的名词形式expression “表达”，由形容词creative修饰，表示创造性的表达。故选B。 答案 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“失落之声”是一个激励性的活动，为青少年提供一个通过音乐表达自己的平台。 篇章导读 B A 24 2．A.rewards B．entertains C．provides D．challenges 答案： C　reward 奖赏；entertain 娱乐；provide 提供；challenge 挑战。根据后文“teenagers with challenging backgrounds with a platform to express themselves through music”可知，“失落之声”为青少年提供了一个通过音乐表达自己的平台。故选C。 答案 B A 25 3．A.Meanwhile B．Otherwise C．Instead D．However 答案： A　meanwhile 同时；otherwise 否则；instead 反而；however 然而。根据后文“it helps them find their voice and heal from trauma (创伤)”可知，“失落之声”同时为青少年找到自己的声音，从创伤中被治愈。故选A。 答案 B A 26 4．A.greeted B．invited C．introduced D．encountered 答案： D　greet 打招呼；invite 邀请；introduce 介绍；encounter 遇到；遭遇。根据后文“Invited to speak about his __5__ career, he saw these kids.”可知，Mike Ball (迈克·鲍尔)受邀演讲时第一次遇到这群孩子。故选D。 答案 B A 27 5．A.writing B．singing C．teaching D．recording 答案： A　句意：他受邀讲述自己的写作生涯，遇到了这些孩子。根据下文“As a writer”可知，他是个作家。故选A。 答案 B A 28 6．A.misunderstood B．criticized C．changed D．overlooked 答案： D　根据后文“not be heard by the world”可知，Mike Ball认为这些年轻人被世界所忽视。由构词方法推断，此处为副词over＋动词look→动词overlook“忽视”。故选D。 答案 B A 29 7．A.familiar B．positive C．loving D．humorous 答案： B　familiar 熟悉的；positive 积极的；loving 亲爱的；humorous 幽默的。根据后文“and creative outlet for these young individuals”可知，年轻人具有歌曲创作的潜力，说明了年轻人的积极和创造性。故选B。 答案 B A 30 8．A.recommendation B．judgment C．realization D．creativity 答案： C　recommendation 推荐；judgment 判断；realization 意识；认识；creativity 创造力。由构词方法推断，此处为动词realize的名词形式realization，作代词this的宾语，表示Ball意识到歌曲创作的潜力是这些年轻人积极和创造性的出口，所以他受到了这种意识的激励。故选C。 答案 B A 31 9．A.frightening B．smooth C．plain D．significant 答案： D　frightening 令人害怕的；smooth 光滑的；plain 朴素的；significant 重要的；显著的；有意义的。根据后文“and many of the youths have benefited from the initiatives”可知，这些青年的治疗取得了显著进展。故选D。 答案 B A 32 10．A.engage B．play C．debate D．act 答案： A　根据前文“Lost Voices conducts week­long programs, sending musicians into residential treatment facilities to”可知，音乐家以小组的形式与住院治疗机构的孩子接触。engage with “与……接触/建立关系”。故选A。 答案 B A 33 11．A.watch B．assist C．forbid D．command 答案： B　watch 观看；assist 帮助；forbid 禁止；command 命令。根据后文“the participants to craft their own songs”可知，音乐家帮助这些孩子制作自己的歌曲。故选B。 答案 B A 34 12．A.experience B．devotion C．motivation D．adventure 答案： B　experience 经验；devotion 奉献；motivation 动机；adventure 冒险。根据后文“of individuals like Mike Ball ... often­forgotten young souls”可知，Mike Ball等人为了帮助这些年轻人奉献了很多。由构词方法推断，此处为动词devote的名词形式devotion，表示Ball对年轻人的奉献。故选B。 答案 B A 35 13．A.challenging B．limited C．joint D．tiring 答案： C　challenging 具有挑战性的；limited 有限的；joint 共同的；联合的；tiring 令人疲倦的。根据前文“Motivated by this __8__， he called on local folk and blues musicians to join him.”可知，“失落之声”活动的举办是Mike Ball等个人的奉献和参与其中的音乐家的共同努力。故选C。 答案 B A 36 14．A.wealth B．struggle C．hope D．peace 答案： C　wealth 财富；struggle 斗争；hope 希望；peace 平静。根据前文“He firmly believes that ... by the world.”可知，通过“失落之声”，这群被世界所遗忘的年轻人能够发出希望的信号。故选C。 答案 B A 37 15．A.want B．wait C．remain D．deserve 答案： D　want 想要；wait 等待；remain 保持；deserve 值得。根据后文“to be heard by the world”可知，这群被世界所遗忘的年轻人的美丽的声音和伟大的才能值得被世界听到。故选D。 答案 B A 38 R $$